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Mayani H. Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Cells: From Biology to Hematopoietic Transplants and Cellular Therapies. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103042. [PMID: 39003965 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a rich source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that are biologically superior to their adult counterparts. UCB cells can be stored for several years without compromising their numbers or function. Today, public and private UCB banks have been established in several countries around the world. After 35 years since the first UCB transplant (UCBT), more than 50,000 UCBTs have been performed worldwide. In pediatric patients, UCBT is comparable to or superior to bone marrow transplantation. In adult patients, UCB can be an alternative source of hematopoietic cells when an HLA-matched unrelated adult donor is not available and when a transplant is urgently needed. Delayed engraftment (due to reduced absolute numbers of hematopoietic cells) and higher costs have led many medical institutions not to consider UCB as a first-line cell source for hematopoietic transplants. As a result, the use of UCB as a source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for transplantation has declined over the past decade. Several approaches are being investigated to make UCBTs more efficient, including improving the homing capabilities of primitive UCB cells and increasing the number of hematopoietic cells to be infused. Several of these approaches have already been applied in the clinic with promising results. UCB also contains immune effector cells, including monocytes and various lymphocyte subsets, which, together with stem and progenitor cells, are excellent candidates for the development of cellular therapies for hematological and non-hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Mayani
- Oncology Research Unit, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Rationale for the Use of Cord Blood in Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:9125460. [PMID: 35599846 PMCID: PMC9117076 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9125460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe complication of asphyxia at birth. Therapeutic hypothermia, the standard method for HIE prevention, is effective in only 50% of the cases. As the understanding of the immunological basis of these changes increases, experiments have begun with the use of cord blood (CB) because of its neuroprotective properties. Mechanisms for the neuroprotective effects of CB stem cells include antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions, stimulation of angiogenesis, production of trophic factors, and mitochondrial donation. In several animal models of HIE, CB decreased oxidative stress, cell death markers, CD4+ T cell infiltration, and microglial activation; restored normal brain metabolic activity; promoted neurogenesis; improved myelination; and increased the proportion of mature oligodendrocytes, neuron numbers in the motor cortex and somatosensory cortex, and brain weight. These observations translate into motor strength, limb function, gait, and cognitive function and behaviour. In humans, the efficacy and safety of CB administration were reported in a few early clinical studies which confirmed the feasibility and safety of this intervention for up to 10 years. The results of these studies showed an improvement in the developmental outcomes over hypothermia. Two phase-2 clinical studies are ongoing under the United States regulations, namely one controlled study and one blinded study.
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The Fate of Transplanted Olfactory Progenitors Is Conditioned by the Cell Phenotypes of the Receiver Brain Tissue in Cocultures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197249. [PMID: 33008128 PMCID: PMC7582579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the numerous candidates for cell therapy of the central nervous system (CNS), olfactory progenitors (OPs) represent an interesting alternative because they are free of ethical concerns, are easy to collect, and allow autologous transplantation. In the present study, we focused on the optimization of neuron production and maturation. It is known that plated OPs respond to various trophic factors, and we also showed that the use of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) allowed switching from a 60/40 neuron/glia ratio to an 80/20 one. Nevertheless, in order to focus on the integration of OPs in mature neural circuits, we cocultured OPs in primary cultures obtained from the cortex and hippocampus of newborn mice. When dissociated OPs were plated, they differentiated into both glial and neuronal phenotypes, but we obtained a 1.5-fold higher viability in cortex/OP cocultures than in hippocampus/OP ones. The fate of OPs in cocultures was characterized with different markers such as BrdU, Map-2, and Synapsin, indicating a healthy integration. These results suggest that the integration of transplanted OPs might by affected by trophic factors and the environmental conditions/cell phenotypes of the host tissue. Thus, a model of coculture could provide useful information on key cell events for the use of progenitors in cell therapy.
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Gornicka-Pawlak E, Janowski M, Habich A, Jablonska A, Sypecka J, Lukomska B. Intra-arterial Administration of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Derived Cells Inversed Learning Asymmetry Resulting From Focal Brain Injury in Rat. Front Neurol 2019; 10:786. [PMID: 31456728 PMCID: PMC6700231 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Focal brain injury is a leading cause of serious disability significantly worsening patients' quality of life. Such damage disrupts the existing circuits, leads to motor, and cognitive impairments as well as results in a functional asymmetry. To date, there is still no therapy to effectively restore the lost functions. We examined the effectiveness of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB)-derived cells after their intra-arterial infusion following focal stroke-like brain damage. Methods: The model of stroke was performed using ouabain stereotactic injection into the right dorsolateral striatum in rats. Two days following the brain injury 107 cells were infused into the right carotid artery. The experimental animals were placed into enriched environment housing conditions to enhance the recovery process. Behavioral testing was performed using a battery of tasks visualizing motor as well as cognitive deficits for 30 days following brain injury. We assessed animal asymmetry while they were moving forward at time of testing in different tasks. Results: We found that intra-arterial infusion of HUCB-derived cells inversed lateralized performance resulting from the focal brain injury at the early stage of T-maze habit learning task training. The inversion was independent from the level of neural commitment of infused cells. The learning asymmetry inversion was observed only under specific circumstances created by the applied task design. We did not found such inversion in walking beam task, vibrissae elicited forelimb placing, the first exploration of open field, T-maze switching task as well as apomorphine induced rotations. Both the asymmetry induced by the focal brain injury and its inversion resulting from cell infusion decreased along the training. The inversion of learning asymmetry was also independent on the range of the brain damage. Conclusions: Intra-arterial infusion of HUCB-derived cells inversed lateralized performance of learning task resulting from focal brain damage. The inversion was not visible in any other of the used motor as well as cognitive tests. The observed behavioral effect of cell infusion was also not related to the range of the brain damage. Our findings contribute to describing the effects of systemic treatment with the HUCB-derived cells on functional recovery following focal brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Gornicka-Pawlak
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Habich
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jablonska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Sypecka
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Eve DJ, Sanberg PR, Buzanska L, Sarnowska A, Domanska-Janik K. Human Somatic Stem Cell Neural Differentiation Potential. Results Probl Cell Differ 2018; 66:21-87. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93485-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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Wei ZT, Yu XW, He JX, Liu Y, Zhang SL. Characteristics of primary side population cervical cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3536-3544. [PMID: 28927110 PMCID: PMC5588017 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize side population (SP) cells in primary cervical cancer. A primary culture was successfully established, and the SP cells were isolated via fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Subsequently, in vitro analysis of clonogenic capacity by soft agar assay and in vivo analysis of tumorigenicity were performed. The isolated SP cells accounted for ~4.73% of the total primary culture cells. The SP cells had a decreased proliferation rate and an increased distribution in G0/G1 compared with non-SP (NSP) cells. Following isolation, SP cells exhibited increased proliferative and self-renewal potency compared with NSP cells. Furthermore, significant ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) expression was detected in SP cells but not in NSP cells. The tumor formation rate of SP cells was longer, and the tumor size and tumor formation rate of SP cells were increased in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SP cells can be isolated from primary cervical cancer cell culture, and SP cells are enriched with stem cell-like cells that have a high capacity for colony formation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Tong Wei
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Xue He
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Military Veterinary Institute, Acadamy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Song-Ling Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Monti M, Imberti B, Bianchi N, Pezzotta A, Morigi M, Del Fante C, Redi CA, Perotti C. A Novel Method for Isolation of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1258-1269. [PMID: 28583028 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Very small embryonic-like cells (VSELs) are a population of very rare pluripotent stem cells isolated in adult murine bone marrow and many other tissues and organs, including umbilical cord blood (UCB). VSEL existence is still not universally accepted by the scientific community, so for this purpose, we sought to investigate whether presumptive VSELs (pVSELs) could be isolated from human UCB with an improved protocol based on the isolation of enriched progenitor cells by depletion of nonprogenitor cells with magnetic separation. Progenitor cells, likely including VSELs, cultured with retinoic acid were able to form dense colonies and cystic embryoid bodies and to differentiate toward the ecto-meso-endoderm lineages as shown by the positivity to specific markers. VSEL differentiative potential toward mesodermal lineage was further demonstrated in vitro upon exposure to an established inductive protocol, which induced the acquisition of renal progenitor cell phenotype. VSEL-derived renal progenitors showed regenerative potential in a cisplatin model of acute kidney injury by restoring renal function and tubular structure through induction of proliferation of endogenous renal cells. The data presented here foster the great debate that surrounds VSELs and, more in general, the existence of cells endowed with pluripotent features in adult tissues. In fact, the possibility to find and isolate subpopulations of cells that fully fit all the criteria utilized to define pluripotency remains, nowadays, almost unproven. Thus, efforts to better characterize the phenotype of these intriguing cells are crucial to understand their possible applications for regenerative and precision medicine purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Monti
- 1 Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Biotechnologies Research Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Imberti
- 2 Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso , Bergamo, Italy .,3 Scientific Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bianchi
- 1 Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Biotechnologies Research Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pezzotta
- 2 Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso , Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marina Morigi
- 2 Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso , Bergamo, Italy
| | - Claudia Del Fante
- 4 Immunohaematology and Transfusion Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Redi
- 5 Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia , Pavia, Italy
| | - Cesare Perotti
- 4 Immunohaematology and Transfusion Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
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Montemurro T, Viganò M, Ragni E, Barilani M, Parazzi V, Boldrin V, Lavazza C, Montelatici E, Banfi F, Lauri E, Giovanelli S, Baccarin M, Guerneri S, Giordano R, Lazzari L. Angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells from cord blood: soluble factors and extracellular vesicles for cell regeneration. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:228-38. [PMID: 27139721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent work, our group showed the existence of two distinct mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) subsets within human umbilical cord blood. One less proliferative and short-living (SL-CBMSC), the other with higher growth rate and long-living (LL-CBMSC), and therefore better suited for regenerative medicine applications. We examined whether LL-CBMSC possess peculiar paracrine properties able to affect angiogenesis or inflammatory processes. It was shown for the first time that pro-angiogenic, proliferation-stimulating and tissue repairing factors were released at high level not only as soluble cytokines, but also as mRNA precursors embedded in membrane vesicles. The combination of this primary (proteic factors interacting with surface receptors) and delayed (mRNA transferred and translated via vesicle fusion and cargo release) interaction in endothelial target cells resulted in strong blood vessel induction with the development of capillary-like structures. In addition, LL-CBMSC dynamically modulated their release of pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory factors in an in vitro model of damage. In conclusion, LL-CBMSC synthesize and secrete multiple factors that may be attuned in response to the status of the target cell, a crucial requisite when paracrine mechanisms are needed at onset of tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Montemurro
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariele Viganò
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Parazzi
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Boldrin
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Banfi
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lauri
- Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giovanelli
- Milano Cord Blood Bank, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Baccarin
- Laboratorio Citogenetica e Genetica molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvana Guerneri
- Laboratorio Citogenetica e Genetica molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
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Drela K, Lech W, Figiel-Dabrowska A, Zychowicz M, Mikula M, Sarnowska A, Domanska-Janik K. Enhanced neuro-therapeutic potential of Wharton's Jelly–derived mesenchymal stem cells in comparison with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells culture. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:497-509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Janowski M, Walczak P, Kropiwnicki T, Jurkiewicz E, Domanska-Janik K, Bulte JWM, Lukomska B, Roszkowski M. Long-term MRI cell tracking after intraventricular delivery in a patient with global cerebral ischemia and prospects for magnetic navigation of stem cells within the CSF. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97631. [PMID: 24919061 PMCID: PMC4053317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to evaluate the long-term clinical tracking of magnetically labeled stem cells after intracerebroventricular transplantation as well as to investigate in vitro feasibility for magnetic guidance of cell therapy within large fluid compartments. METHOD After approval by our Institutional Review Board, an 18-month-old patient, diagnosed as being in a vegetative state due to global cerebral ischemia, underwent cell transplantation to the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle, with umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) contrast agent. The patient was followed over 33 months with clinical examinations and MRI. To evaluate the forces governing the distribution of cells within the fluid compartment of the ventricular system in vivo, a gravity-driven sedimentation assay and a magnetic field-driven cell attraction assay were developed in vitro. RESULTS Twenty-four hours post-transplantation, MR imaging (MRI) was able to detect hypointense cells in the occipital horn of the lateral ventricle. The signal gradually decreased over 4 months and became undetectable at 33 months. In vitro, no significant difference in cell sedimentation between SPIO-labeled and unlabeled cells was observed (p = NS). An external magnet was effective in attracting cells over distances comparable to the size of human lateral ventricles. CONCLUSIONS MR imaging of SPIO-labeled cells allows monitoring of cells within lateral ventricles. While the initial biodistribution is governed by gravity-driven sedimentation, an external magnetic field may possibly be applied to further direct the distribution of labeled cells within large fluid compartments such as the ventricular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslaw Janowski
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kropiwnicki
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Jurkiewicz
- Department of Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Unit, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Domanska-Janik
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jeff W. M. Bulte
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Roszkowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Secunda R, Vennila R, Mohanashankar AM, Rajasundari M, Jeswanth S, Surendran R. Isolation, expansion and characterisation of mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood and matrix: a comparative study. Cytotechnology 2014; 67:793-807. [PMID: 24798808 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The multipotent and immunosuppressive capacities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) attract several scientists worldwide towards translational research focusing on treatment of diseases including liver failure. Though MSC's have been isolated from different sources, researchers do not concur on the best source for expansion and clinical translation. In this study, we have compared the isolation, proliferation and expansion of MSCs from umbilical cord blood (UCB), Wharton's Jelly (WJ), bone marrow (BM) and adipose tissue (AT). MSCs were isolated by density gradient separation from UCB, BM and AT and by both enzymatic and explant method for WJ. The MSCs are characterized by their ability to adhere to plastic, expression of positive (CD105, CD73, CD90, CD29, CD44) and negative (CD45, CD14, CD34) markers by flow cytometry and also by their in vitro adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. This comprehensive study clearly shows that WJ is better than UCB both in terms of rapidity, yield and ease of procedure. AT and BM are autologous sources for MSC's but the specimen collection involves cumbersome and painful procedures and an invasive approach. However being autologous, they are safe and probable candidates for therapeutic future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Secunda
- Centre for Advanced Research (Stem Cells), Government Stanley Hospital, Chennai, 600 001, Tamilnadu, India
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Drela K, Sarnowska A, Siedlecka P, Szablowska-Gadomska I, Wielgos M, Jurga M, Lukomska B, Domanska-Janik K. Low oxygen atmosphere facilitates proliferation and maintains undifferentiated state of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in an hypoxia inducible factor-dependent manner. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:881-92. [PMID: 24726658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS As we approach the era of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) application in the medical clinic, the standarization of their culture conditions are of the particular importance. We re-evaluated the influences of oxygens concentration on proliferation, stemness and differentiation of human umbilical cord Wharton Jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs). METHODS Primary cultures growing in 21% oxygen were either transferred into 5% O2 or continued to grow under standard 21% oxygen conditions. Cell expansion was estimated by WST1/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or cell counting. After 2 or 4 weeks of culture, cell phenotypes were evaluated using microscopic, immunocytochemical, fluorescence-activated cell-sorting and molecular methods. Genes and proteins typical of mesenchymal cells, committed neural cells or more primitive stem/progenitors (Oct4A, Nanog, Rex1, Sox2) and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α-3α were evaluated. RESULTS Lowering O2 concentration from 21% to the physiologically relevant 5% level substantially affected cell characteristics, with induction of stemness-related-transcription-factor and stimulation of cell proliferative capacity, with increased colony-forming unit fibroblasts (CFU-F) centers exerting OCT4A, NANOG and HIF-1α and HIF-2α immunoreactivity. Moreover, the spontaneous and time-dependent ability of WJ-MSCs to differentiate into neural lineage under 21% O2 culture was blocked in the reduced oxygen condition. Importantly, treatment with trichostatin A (TSA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor) suppressed HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression, in addition to blockading the cellular effects of reduced oxygen concentration. CONCLUSIONS A physiologically relevant microenvironment of 5% O2 rejuvenates WJ-MSC culture toward less-differentiated, more primitive and faster-growing phenotypes with involvement of HIF-1α and HIF-2α-mediated and TSA-sensitive chromatin modification mechanisms. These observations add to the understanding of MSC responses to defined culture conditions, which is the most critical issue for adult stem cells translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Drela
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Siedlecka
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Szablowska-Gadomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Wielgos
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Jurga
- Cryo-Save Labs NV (The Cell Factory), Niel, Belgium
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Domanska-Janik
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Karlupia N, Manley NC, Prasad K, Schäfer R, Steinberg GK. Intraarterial transplantation of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells is more efficacious and safer compared with umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in a rodent stroke model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:45. [PMID: 24690461 PMCID: PMC4055161 DOI: 10.1186/scrt434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, claims six lives every 60 seconds, and is a leading cause of adult disability across the globe. Tissue plasminogen activator, the only United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug currently available, has a narrow therapeutic time window of less than 5 hours. In the past decade, cells derived from the human umbilical cord (HUC) have emerged as a potential therapeutic alternative for stroke; however, the most effective HUC-derived cell population remains unknown. METHODS We compared three cell populations derived from the human umbilical cord: cord blood mononuclear cells (cbMNCs); cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells (cbMSCs), a subpopulation of cbMNCs; and cord matrix MSCs (cmMSCs). We characterized these cells in vitro with flow cytometry and assessed the cells' in vivo efficacy in a 2-hour transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) rat model of stroke. cbMNCs, cbMSCs, and cmMSCs were each transplanted intraarterially at 24 hours after stroke. RESULTS A reduction in neurologic deficit and infarct area was observed in all three cell groups; however, this reduction was significantly enhanced in the cbMNC group compared with the cmMSC group. At 2 weeks after stroke, human nuclei-positive cells were present in the ischemic hemispheres of immunocompetent stroke rats in all three cell groups. Significantly decreased expression of rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA was observed in the ischemic hemispheres of all three cell-treated and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group animals compared with sham animals, although the decrease was least in cbMNC-treated animals. Significantly decreased expression of rat interleukin (IL)-2 mRNA and IL-6 mRNA was seen only in the cbMSC group. Notably, more severe complications (death, eye inflammation) were observed in the cmMSC group compared with the cbMNC and cbMSC groups. CONCLUSIONS All three tested cell types promoted recovery after stroke, but cbMNCs showed enhanced recovery and fewer complications compared with cmMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Karlupia
- Department of Neurosurgery, R281, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5487, USA
- Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Nathan C Manley
- Department of Neurosurgery, R281, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5487, USA
- Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kameshwar Prasad
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Department of Neurosurgery, R281, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5487, USA
| | - Gary K Steinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, R281, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5487, USA
- Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Suszynska M, Zuba-Surma EK, Maj M, Mierzejewska K, Ratajczak J, Kucia M, Ratajczak MZ. The proper criteria for identification and sorting of very small embryonic-like stem cells, and some nomenclature issues. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:702-13. [PMID: 24299281 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence has accumulated that both murine and human adult tissues contain early-development stem cells with a broader differentiation potential than other adult monopotent stem cells. These cells, being pluripotent or multipotent, exist at different levels of specification and most likely represent overlapping populations of cells that, depending on the isolation strategy, ex vivo expansion protocol, and markers employed for their identification, have been given different names. In this review, we will discuss a population of very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) in the context of other stem cells that express pluripotent/multipotent markers isolated from adult tissues as well as review the most current, validated working criteria on how to properly identify and isolate these very rare cells. VSELs have been successfully purified in several laboratories; however, a few have failed to isolate them, which has raised some unnecessary controversy in the field. Therefore, in this short review, we will address the most important reasons that some investigators have experienced problems in isolating these very rare cells and discuss some still unresolved challenges which should be overcome before these cells can be widely employed in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Suszynska
- 1 Stem Cell Institute at the James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
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15
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Achyut BR, Varma NRS, Arbab AS. Application of Umbilical Cord Blood Derived Stem Cells in Diseases of the Nervous System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4. [PMID: 25599002 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7633.1000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) derived multipotent stem cells are capable of giving rise hematopoietic, epithelial, endothelial and neural progenitor cells. Thus suggested to significantly improve graft-versus-host disease and represent the distinctive therapeutic option for several malignant and non-malignant diseases. Recent advances in strategies to isolate, expand and shorten the timing of UCB stem cells engraftment have tremendously improved the efficacy of transplantations. Nervous system has limited regenerative potential in disease conditions such as cancer, neurodegeneration, stroke, and several neural injuries. This review focuses on application of UCB derived stem/progenitor cells in aforementioned pathological conditions. We have discussed the possible attempts to make use of UCB therapies to generate neural cells and tissues with developmental and functional similarities to neuronal cells. In addition, emerging applications of UCB derived AC133+ (CD133+) endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) as imaging probe, regenerative agent, and gene delivery vehicle are mentioned that will further improve the understanding of use of UCB cells in therapeutic modalities. However, safe and effective protocols for cell transplantations are still required for therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagelu R Achyut
- Tumor Angiogenesis Lab, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | - Ali S Arbab
- Tumor Angiogenesis Lab, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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16
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Paczkowska E, Kaczyńska K, Pius-Sadowska E, Rogińska D, Kawa M, Ustianowski P, Safranow K, Celewicz Z, Machaliński B. Humoral activity of cord blood-derived stem/progenitor cells: implications for stem cell-based adjuvant therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83833. [PMID: 24391835 PMCID: PMC3877125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) demonstrate neuro-regenerative potential that is dependent upon their humoral activity by producing various trophic factors regulating cell migration, growth, and differentiation. Herein, we compared the expression of neurotrophins (NTs) and their receptors in specific umbilical cord blood (UCB) SPC populations, including lineage-negative, CD34+, and CD133+ cells, with that in unsorted, nucleated cells (NCs). Methods and Results The expression of NTs and their receptors was detected by QRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescent staining in UCB-derived SPC populations (i.e., NCs vs. lineage-negative, CD34+, and CD133+ cells). To better characterize, global gene expression profiles of SPCs were determined using genome-wide RNA microarray technology. Furthermore, the intracellular production of crucial neuro-regenerative NTs (i.e., BDNF and NT-3) was assessed in NCs and lineage-negative cells after incubation for 24, 48, and 72 h in both serum and serum-free conditions. We discovered significantly higher expression of NTs and NT receptors at both the mRNA and protein level in lineage-negative, CD34+, and CD133+ cells than in NCs. Global gene expression analysis revealed considerably higher expression of genes associated with the production and secretion of proteins, migration, proliferation, and differentiation in lineage-negative cells than in CD34+ or CD133+ cell populations. Notably, after short-term incubation under serum-free conditions, lineage-negative cells and NCs produced significantly higher amounts of BDNF and NT-3 than under steady-state conditions. Finally, conditioned medium (CM) from lineage-negative SPCs exerted a beneficial impact on neural cell survival and proliferation. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrate that UCB-derived SPCs highly express NTs and their relevant receptors under steady-state conditions, NT expression is greater under stress-related conditions and that CM from SPCs favorable influence neural cell proliferation and survival. Understanding the mechanisms governing the characterization and humoral activity of subsets of SPCs may yield new therapeutic strategies that might be more effective in treating neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Paczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kaczyńska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Pius-Sadowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Miłosz Kawa
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Przemysław Ustianowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Celewicz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- * E-mail:
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17
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Stewart R, Kozlov S, Matigian N, Wali G, Gatei M, Sutharsan R, Bellette B, Wraith-Kijas A, Cochrane J, Coulthard M, Perry C, Sinclair K, Mackay-Sim A, Lavin MF. A patient-derived olfactory stem cell disease model for ataxia-telangiectasia. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:2495-509. [PMID: 23474819 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The autosomal recessive disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is characterized by genome instability, cancer predisposition and neurodegeneration. Although the role of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein, the protein defective in this syndrome, is well described in the response to DNA damage, its role in protecting the nervous system is less clear. We describe the establishment and characterization of patient-specific stem cells that have the potential to address this shortcoming. Olfactory neurosphere (ONS)-derived cells were generated from A-T patients, which expressed stem cell markers and exhibited A-T molecular and cellular characteristics that included hypersensitivity to radiation, defective radiation-induced signaling and cell cycle checkpoint defects. Introduction of full-length ATM cDNA into these cells corrected defects in the A-T cellular phenotype. Gene expression profiling and pathway analysis revealed defects in multiple cell signaling pathways associated with ATM function, with cell cycle, cell death and DNA damage response pathways being the most significantly dysregulated. A-T ONS cells were also capable of differentiating into neural progenitors, but they were defective in neurite formation, number of neurites and length of these neurites. Thus, ONS cells are a patient-derived neural stem cell model that recapitulate the phenotype of A-T, do not require genetic reprogramming, have the capacity to differentiate into neurons and have potential to delineate the neurological defect in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romal Stewart
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
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18
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Zhou K, Koike C, Yoshida T, Okabe M, Fathy M, Kyo S, Kiyono T, Saito S, Nikaido T. Establishment and characterization of immortalized human amniotic epithelial cells. Cell Reprogram 2013; 15:55-67. [PMID: 23298399 PMCID: PMC3567704 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2012.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAEs) have a low immunogenic profile and possess potent immunosuppressive properties. HAEs also have several characteristics similar to stem cells, and they are discarded after parturition. Thus, they could potentially be used in cell therapy with fewer ethical problems. HAEs have a short life, so our aim is to establish and characterize immortalized human amniotic epithelial cells (iHAEs). HAEs were introduced with viral oncogenes E6/E7 and with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) to create iHAEs. These iHAEs have proliferated around 200 population doublings (PDs) for at least 12 months. High expression of stem cell markers (Oct 3/4, Nanog, Sox2, Klf4) and epithelial markers (CK5, CK18) were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These iHAEs were expanded in ultra-low-attachment dishes to form spheroids similarly to epithelial stem/precursor cells. High expression of mesenchymal (CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105) and somatic (CD24, CD29, CD271, Nestin) stem cell markers was detected by flow cytometry. The iHAEs showed adipogenic, osteogenic, neuronal, and cardiac differentiation abilities. In conclusion, the immortalization of HAEs with the characteristics of stem cells has been established, allowing these iHAEs to become useful for cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Zhou
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Chika Koike
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshiko Yoshida
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Motonori Okabe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshio Nikaido
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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19
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Nichols JE, Niles JA, DeWitt D, Prough D, Parsley M, Vega S, Cantu A, Lee E, Cortiella J. Neurogenic and neuro-protective potential of a novel subpopulation of peripheral blood-derived CD133+ ABCG2+CXCR4+ mesenchymal stem cells: development of autologous cell-based therapeutics for traumatic brain injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:3. [PMID: 23290300 PMCID: PMC3707064 DOI: 10.1186/scrt151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nervous system injuries comprise a diverse group of disorders that include traumatic brain injury (TBI). The potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into neural cell types has aroused hope for the possible development of autologous therapies for central nervous system injury. METHODS In this study we isolated and characterized a human peripheral blood derived (HPBD) MSC population which we examined for neural lineage potential and ability to migrate in vitro and in vivo. HPBD CD133+, ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2)+, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)+ MSCs were differentiated after priming with β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) combined with trans-retinoic acid (RA) and culture in neural basal media containing basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) or co-culture with neuronal cell lines. Differentiation efficiencies in vitro were determined using flow cytometry or fluorescent microscopy of cytospins made of FACS sorted positive cells after staining for markers of immature or mature neuronal lineages. RA-primed CD133+ABCG2+CXCR4+ human MSCs were transplanted into the lateral ventricle of male Sprague-Dawley rats, 24 hours after sham or traumatic brain injury (TBI). All animals were evaluated for spatial memory performance using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) Test. Histological examination of sham or TBI brains was done to evaluate MSC survival, migration and differentiation into neural lineages. We also examined induction of apoptosis at the injury site and production of MSC neuroprotective factors. RESULTS CD133+ABCG2+CXCR4+ MSCs consistently expressed markers of neural lineage induction and were positive for nestin, microtubule associated protein-1β (MAP-1β), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuron specific nuclear protein (NEUN) or type III beta-tubulin (Tuj1). Animals in the primed MSC treatment group exhibited MWM latency results similar to the uninjured (sham) group with both groups showing improvements in latency. Histological examination of brains of these animals showed that in uninjured animals the majority of MSCs were found in the lateral ventricle, the site of transplantation, while in TBI rats MSCs were consistently found in locations near the injury site. We found that levels of apoptosis were less in MSC treated rats and that MSCs could be shown to produce neurotropic factors as early as 2 days following transplantation of cells. In TBI rats, at 1 and 3 months post transplantation cells were generated which expressed markers of neural lineages including immature as well as mature neurons. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that PBD CD133+ABCG2+CXCR4+ MSCs have the potential for development as an autologous treatment for TBI and neurodegenerative disorders and that MSC derived cell products produced immediately after transplantation may aid in reducing the immediate cognitive defects of TBI.
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20
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Sarnowska A, Jablonska A, Jurga M, Dainiak M, Strojek L, Drela K, Wright K, Tripathi A, Kumar A, Jungvid H, Lukomska B, Forraz N, McGuckin C, Domanska-Janik K. Encapsulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Bioscaffolds Protects Cell Survival and Attenuates Neuroinflammatory Reaction in Injured Brain Tissue after Transplantation. Cell Transplant 2013; 22 Suppl 1:S67-82. [DOI: 10.3727/096368913x672172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the brain is naturally inefficient in regenerating functional tissue after injury or disease, novel restorative strategies including stem cell transplantation and tissue engineering have to be considered. We have investigated the use of such strategies in order to achieve better functional repair outcomes. One of the fundamental challenges of successful transplantation is the delivery of cells to the injured site while maintaining cell viability. Classical cell delivery methods of intravenous or intraparenchymal injections are plagued by low engraftment and poor survival of transplanted stem cells. Novel implantable devices such as 3D bioactive scaffolds can provide the physical and metabolic support required for successful progenitor cell engraftment, proliferation, and maturation. In this study, we performed in situ analysis of laminin-linked dextran and gelatin macroporous scaffolds. We revealed the protective action of gelatin–laminin (GL) scaffolds seeded with mesenchymal stem cells derived from donated human Wharton's jelly (hUCMSCs) against neuroinflammatory reactions of injured mammalian brain tissue. These bioscaffolds have been implanted into (i) intact and (ii) ischemic rat hippocampal organotypic slices and into the striatum of (iii) normal and (iv) focally injured brains of adult Wistar rats. We found that transplantation of hUCMSCs encapsulated in GL scaffolds had a significant impact on the prevention of glial scar formation (low glial acidic fibrillary protein) and in the reduction of neuroinflammation (low interleukin-6 and the microglial markers ED1 and Iba1) in the recipient tissue. Moreover, implantation of hUCMSCs encapsulated within GL scaffolds induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 proteolytic activities in the surrounding brain tissue. This facilitated scaffold biodegradation while leaving the remaining grafted hUCMSCs untouched. In conclusion, transplanting GL scaffolds preseeded with hUCMSCs into mammalian brain tissue escaped the host's immune system and protected neural tissue from neuroinflammatory injury. This manuscript is published as part of the International Association of Neurorestoratology (IANR) supplement issue of Cell Transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sarnowska
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jablonska
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Jurga
- Cell Therapy Research Institute, Meyzieu-Lyon, France
| | | | - Lukasz Strojek
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Drela
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anuj Tripathi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | | | - Barbara Lukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nico Forraz
- Cell Therapy Research Institute, Meyzieu-Lyon, France
| | | | - Krystyna Domanska-Janik
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Divya MS, Roshin GE, Divya TS, Rasheed VA, Santhoshkumar TR, Elizabeth KE, James J, Pillai RM. Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells consist of a unique population of progenitors co-expressing mesenchymal stem cell and neuronal markers capable of instantaneous neuronal differentiation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2012; 3:57. [PMID: 23253356 PMCID: PMC3580487 DOI: 10.1186/scrt148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing multipotent progenitors with the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages of mesoderm, in addition to generating ectodermal and endodermal lineages by crossing the germline barrier. In the present study we have investigated the ability of UCB-MSCs to generate neurons, since we were able to observe varying degrees of neuronal differentiation from a few batches of UCB-MSCs with very simple neuronal induction protocols whereas other batches required extensive exposure to combination of growth factors in a stepwise protocol. Our hypothesis was therefore that the human UCB-MSCs would contain multiple types of progenitors with varying neurogenic potential and that the ratio of the progenitors with high and low neurogenic potentials varies in different batches of UCB. METHODS In total we collected 45 UCB samples, nine of which generated MSCs that were further expanded and characterized using immunofluorescence, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and RT-PCR analysis. The neuronal differentiation potential of the UCB-MSCs was analyzed with exposure to combination of growth factors. RESULTS We could identify two different populations of progenitors within the UCB-MSCs. One population represented progenitors with innate neurogenic potential that initially express pluripotent stem cell markers such as Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, ABCG2 and neuro-ectodermal marker nestin and are capable of expanding and differentiating into neurons with exposure to simple neuronal induction conditions. The remaining population of cells, typically expressing MSC markers, requires extensive exposure to a combination of growth factors to transdifferentiate into neurons. Interesting to note was that both of these cell populations were positive for CD29 and CD105, indicating their MSC lineage, but showed prominent difference in their neurogenic potential. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the expanded UCB-derived MSCs harbor a small unique population of cells that express pluripotent stem cell markers along with MSC markers and possess an inherent neurogenic potential. These pluripotent progenitors later generate cells expressing neural progenitor markers and are responsible for the instantaneous neuronal differentiation; the ratio of these pluripotent marker expressing cells in a batch determines the innate neurogenic potential.
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22
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Hafizi M, Atashi A, Bakhshandeh B, Kabiri M, Nadri S, Hosseini RH, Soleimani M. MicroRNAs as markers for neurally committed CD133+/CD34+ stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood. Biochem Genet 2012; 51:175-88. [PMID: 23135476 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-012-9553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural differentiation of the CD133+/CD34+ subpopulation of human umbilical cord blood stem cells was investigated, and neuro-miR (mir-9 and mir-124) expression was examined. An efficient induction protocol for neural differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells together with the exclusion of retinoic acid in this process was also studied. Transcription of some neural markers such as microtubule-associated protein-2, beta-tubulin III, and neuron-specific enolase was evaluated by real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting. Increased expression of neural indicators in the treated cells confirmed the appropriate neural differentiation, which supported the high efficiency of our defined neuronal induction protocol. Verified high expression of neuro-miRNAs along with neuronal specific proteins not only strengthens the regulatory role of miRNAs in determining stem cell fate but also introduces these miRNAs as novel indicators of neural differentiation. These data highlight the prominent therapeutic potential of hematopoietic stem cells for use in cell therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hafizi
- Stem Cell Biology Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Calatrava-Ferreras L, Gonzalo-Gobernado R, Herranz AS, Reimers D, Montero Vega T, Jiménez-Escrig A, Richart López LA, Bazán E. Effects of intravenous administration of human umbilical cord blood stem cells in 3-acetylpyridine-lesioned rats. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:135187. [PMID: 23150735 PMCID: PMC3488418 DOI: 10.1155/2012/135187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxias include a heterogeneous group of infrequent diseases characterized by lack of motor coordination caused by disturbances in the cerebellum and its associated circuits. Current therapies are based on the use of drugs that correct some of the molecular processes involved in their pathogenesis. Although these treatments yielded promising results, there is not yet an effective therapy for these diseases. Cell replacement strategies using human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (HuUCBMCs) have emerged as a promising approach for restoration of function in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential therapeutic activity of HuUCBMCs in the 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP) rat model of cerebellar ataxia. Intravenous administered HuUCBMCs reached the cerebellum and brain stem of 3-AP ataxic rats. Grafted cells reduced 3-AP-induced neuronal loss promoted the activation of microglia in the brain stem, and prevented the overexpression of GFAP elicited by 3-AP in the cerebellum. In addition, HuUCBMCs upregulated the expression of proteins that are critical for cell survival, such as phospho-Akt and Bcl-2, in the cerebellum and brain stem of 3-AP ataxic rats. As all these effects were accompanied by a temporal but significant improvement in motor coordination, HuUCBMCs grafts can be considered as an effective cell replacement therapy for cerebellar disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Calatrava-Ferreras
- Servicio de Neurobiología, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Gonzalo-Gobernado
- Servicio de Neurobiología, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio S. Herranz
- Servicio de Neurobiología, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Reimers
- Servicio de Neurobiología, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Montero Vega
- Servicio de Bioquímica, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Eulalia Bazán
- Servicio de Neurobiología, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Km. 9, 1, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Higuchi O, Okabe M, Yoshida T, Fathy M, Saito S, Miyawaki T, Nikaido T. Stemness of human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal cells is maintained by floating cultivation. Cell Reprogram 2012; 14:448-55. [PMID: 22908943 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2012.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Recently, the search for stem cells has become focused on fetal appendages such as the amniotic membrane and umbilical cord. Previously, we have shown the existence of stem cells in the amniotic membrane that can differentiate into various cells. In this study, we attempt to characterize and maintain the stemness characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for Wharton's jelly, an inherent tissue of the umbilical cord. Wharton's jelly cells (WJCs) were isolated, adhered to culture plates, and characterized for stem cell and surface markers expression. They expressed the embryonic stem cell markers Nanog, Oct ¾, and Sox2. On flow cytometric analysis, WJCs predominantly expressed the MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 and did not express the hematopoietic lineage markers CD14, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. In floating culture, WJCs could maintain stemness, and they could differentiate to osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. In conclusion, WJCs satisfy the criteria of MSCs. Given that extraction of the umbilical cord is not invasive, and the umbilical cord can be obtained without ethical and technical issues, we suggest that WJCs, after maintaining stemness, have a potential contribution to medical treatment for patients, even newborns, with congenital skeletal and cartilage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Higuchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
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Transcriptional expression profile of cultured human embryonic stem cells in vitro and in vivo. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2012; 48:165-74. [PMID: 22311374 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-012-9487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to analyze the spontaneous differentiation of human embryonic stem cells in vitro and in vivo and to investigate the influence of in vitro partial differentiation on in vivo teratoma formation in immunodeficient mice. Standardized methods are needed for long-term cultivation of undifferentiated stem cells and the multilineage cells that spontaneously differentiate from them. Accordingly, SA002 human embryonic stem cells were cultured on irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblasts cells, on irradiated human foreskin fibroblasts, or were cultured feeder-free using matrigel. Expression of marker protein transcripts was analyzed in undifferentiated and differentiated stem cells using real-time PCR, and both types of stem cells were transplanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice to test for teratoma formation. Teratoma histology and expression profiles were subsequently characterized. Cells cultured using different conditions and morphologically undifferentiated cells had comparable marker expression profiles, showing high expression levels of markers for pluripotency and low-to-moderate expression levels of germ layer markers. Cells showing spontaneous differentiation that were cultured in feeder-free conditions in the absence of basic fibroblast growth factor demonstrated slight upregulation of sex determining region Y-box 17, connexin 32, and albumin expression at early time points, as well as expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4, proteoglycan epitopes on podocalyxin (Trafalgar), and alkaline phosphatase. At later time points, expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor-3-beta, and hepatocyte nuclear factor-4-alpha and alpha fetoprotein was upregulated, whereas beta-3-tubulin, chemokine receptor, nestin, sex-determining region Y-box 17, and connexin 32 were downregulated. Expression of pluripotency markers remained high, and hematopoetic markers were not expressed. SA002 cells that showed spontaneous partial differentiation in vitro had a low teratoma formation capacity in vivo. Cells that were partially differentiated led to slower growing teratomas with more uniform histology.
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Qiu L, Low HP, Chang CI, Strohsnitter WC, Anderson M, Edmiston K, Adami HO, Ekbom A, Hall P, Lagiou P, Trichopoulos D, Hsieh CC. Novel measurements of mammary stem cells in human umbilical cord blood as prospective predictors of breast cancer susceptibility in later life. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:245-250. [PMID: 21515664 PMCID: PMC3276324 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The size of the breast stem-cell pool could underlie the intrauterine roots of breast cancer. We studied whether breast stem cells exist in umbilical cord blood and if they correlate with hematopoietic stem-cell measurements that have been positively associated with perinatal risk factors for breast cancer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We isolated mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood of 170 singleton full-term pregnancies and determined, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the presence of genes of putative breast epithelial stem-cell/progenitor markers [including epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), CD49f (α6-integrin), CD117 (c-kit receptor), CD24, and CD29 (β1-integrin)]. By immunocytochemistry, we colocalized protein expressions of EpCAM+CD49f+, CD49f+CD24+, and CD24+CD29+. We correlated concentrations of putative breast stem-cell/progenitor subpopulations, quantified by flow cytometry, with concentrations of hematopoietic stem cells. RESULTS Mammary stem-cell phenotypes were identified in umbilical cord blood. The measured EpCAM+ subpopulation was positively correlated with concentrations of CD34+ and CD34+CD38- hematopoietic stem cells (both P=0.006). Additionally, EpCAM+CD49f+ and CD49f+CD24+ subpopulations were positively correlated to the CD34+ cells (P=0.03 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION The positive association between measurable breast and hematopoietic stem cells in human umbilical cord blood suggests plausible mechanisms for a prenatal influence on breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qiu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
| | - H P Low
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
| | - C-I Chang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
| | - W C Strohsnitter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston
| | - M Anderson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and University of Massachusetts Memorial Health Care, Worcester
| | - K Edmiston
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and University of Massachusetts Memorial Health Care, Worcester
| | - H-O Adami
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - A Ekbom
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet/Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - P Lagiou
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - D Trichopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - C-C Hsieh
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester.
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Jurga M, Forraz N, Basford C, Atzeni G, Trevelyan AJ, Habibollah S, Ali H, Zwolinski SA, McGuckin CP. Neurogenic properties and a clinical relevance of multipotent stem cells derived from cord blood samples stored in the biobanks. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 21:923-36. [PMID: 21732816 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Several innovative therapies with human umbilical cord blood stem cells (SCs) are currently developing to treat central nervous system (CNS) diseases. It has been shown that cord blood contains multipotent lineage-negative (LinNEG) SCs capable of neuronal differentiation. Clinically useful cord blood samples are stored in different biobanks worldwide, but the content and neurogenic properties of LinNEG cells are unknown. Here we have compared 5 major methods of blood processing: Sepax, Hetastarch, plasma depletion, Prepacyte-SC, and density gradient. We showed that Sepax-processed blood units contained 10-fold higher number of LinNEG cells after cryopreservation in comparison to all other methods. We showed in this study that multipotent SCs derived from fresh and frozen cord blood samples could be efficiently induced in defined serum-free medium toward neuronal progenitors (NF200+, Ki67+). During neuronal differentiation, the multipotent SCs underwent precise sequential changes at the molecular and cellular levels: Oct4 and Sox2 downregulation and Ngn1, NeuN, and PSD95 upregulation, similar to neurogenesis process in vivo. We expect that data presented here will be valuable for clinicians, researchers, biobanks, and patients and will contribute for better efficacy of future clinical trials in regeneration of CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Jurga
- Cell Therapy Research Institute (CTI-Lyon), Parc Technologique de Lyon-Saint Priest, Saint Priest, France
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In Vitro Modelling of Cortical Neurogenesis by Sequential Induction of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2011; 8:210-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-011-9287-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Arien-Zakay H, Lazarovici P, Nagler A. Tissue regeneration potential in human umbilical cord blood. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2011; 23:291-303. [PMID: 20837341 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the process of creating functional tissue with the aid of stem cells, to repair loss of organ function. Possible targets for regenerative medicine include orthopaedic, cardiac, hepatic, pancreatic and central nervous system (CNS) applications. Umbilical cord blood (CB) has established itself as a legitimate source for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It is also considered an accessible and less immunogenic source for mesenchymal, unrestricted somatic and for other stem cells with pluri/multipotent properties. The latter are capable of differentiating into a wide variety of cell types including bone, cartilage, cardiomyocytes and neural. They also possess protective abilities that may contribute to tissue repair even if in vitro differentiation is excluded. In view of the absence of treatment for many devastating diseases, the elucidation of non-haematopoietic applications for CB will facilitate the development of pioneering relevant cell therapy approaches. This review focusses on current studies using human CB-derived cells for regenerative medicine.
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Cord blood transplantation and stem cell regenerative potential. Exp Hematol 2011; 39:393-412. [PMID: 21238533 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The past 20 years of experience with umbilical cord blood transplantation have demonstrated that cord blood is effective in the treatment of a spectrum of diseases, including hematological malignancies, bone marrow failure, hemoglobinopathies, and inborn errors of metabolism. Cord blood can be obtained with ease and then safely cryopreserved for either public or private use without loss of viability. As compared to other unrelated donor cell sources, cord blood transplantation allows for greater human leukocyte antigen disparity without a corresponding increase in graft-vs.-host disease. Moreover, cord blood has a lower risk of transmitting infections by latent viruses and is less likely to carry somatic mutations than other adult cells. Recently, multiple populations of stem cells with primitive stem cell properties have been identified from cord blood. Meanwhile, there is an increasing interest in applying cord blood mononuclear cells or enriched stem cell populations to regenerative therapies. Accumulating evidence has suggested functional improvements after cord blood transplantation in various animal models for treatments of cardiac infarction, diabetes, neurological diseases, etc. In this review, we will summarize the most recent updates on clinical applications of cord blood transplantation and the promises and limitations of cell-based therapies for tissue repair and regeneration.
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Markiewicz I, Sypecka J, Domanska-Janik K, Wyszomirski T, Lukomska B. Cellular environment directs differentiation of human umbilical cord blood-derived neural stem cells in vitro. J Histochem Cytochem 2011; 59:289-301. [PMID: 21378283 DOI: 10.1369/0022155410397997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cord blood-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) are proposed as an alternative cell source to repair brain damage upon transplantation. However, there is a lack of data showing how these cells are driven to generate desired phenotypes by recipient nervous tissue. Previous research indicates that local environment provides signals driving the fate of stem cells. To investigate the impact of these local cues interaction, the authors used a model of cord blood-derived NSCs co-cultured with different rat brain-specific primary cultures, creating the neural-like microenvironment conditions in vitro. Neuronal and astro-, oligo-, and microglia cell cultures were obtained by the previously described methods. The CMFDA-labeled neural stem cells originated from, non-transformed human umbilical cord blood cell line (HUCB-NSCs) established in a laboratory. The authors show that the close vicinity of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes promotes neuronal differentiation of HUCB-NSCs, whereas postmitotic neurons induce oligodendrogliogenesis of these cells. In turn, microglia or endothelial cells do not favor any phenotypes of their neural commitment. Studies have confirmed that HUCB-NSCs can read cues from the neurogenic microenvironment, attaining features of neurons, astrocytes, or oligodendrocytes. The specific responses of neurally committed cord blood-derived cells, reported in this work, are very much similar to those described previously for NSCs derived from other "more typical" sources. This further proves their genuine neural nature. Apart from having a better insight into the neurogenesis in the adult brain, these findings might be important when predicting cord blood cell derivative behavior after their transplantation for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Markiewicz
- Neurorepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
AbstractThe young human brain is highly plastic and thus early brain lesions can lead to aberrant development of connectivity and mapping of functions. This is why initially in cerebral palsy only subtle changes in spontaneous movements are seen after the time of lesion, followed by a progressive evolution of a movement disorder over many months and years. Thus we propose that interventions to treat cerebral palsy should be initiated as soon as possible in order to restore the nervous system to the correct developmental trajectory. One such treatment might be autologous stem cell transplantation either intracerebrally or intravenously. All babies come with an accessible supply of stem cells, the umbilical cord, which can supply cells that could theoretically replace missing neural cell types, or act indirectly by supplying trophic support or modulating inflammatory responses to hypoxia/ischaemia. However, for such radical treatment to be proposed, it is necessary to be able to detect and accurately predict the outcomes of brain injury from a very early age. This article reviews our current understanding of perinatal injuries that lead to cerebral palsy, how well modern imaging might predict outcomes, what stem cells are yielded from umbilical cord blood and experimental models of brain repair using stem cells.
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Jozwiak S, Habich A, Kotulska K, Sarnowska A, Kropiwnicki T, Janowski M, Jurkiewicz E, Lukomska B, Kmiec T, Walecki J, Roszkowski M, Litwin M, Oldak T, Boruczkowski D, Domanska-Janik K. Intracerebroventricular Transplantation of Cord Blood-Derived Neural Progenitors in a Child With Severe Global Brain Ischemic Injury. CELL MEDICINE 2010; 1:71-80. [PMID: 26966631 PMCID: PMC4776166 DOI: 10.3727/215517910x536618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of neural stem/precursor cells has recently been proposed as a promising, albeit still controversial, approach to brain repair. Human umbilical cord blood could be a source of such therapeutic cells, proven beneficial in several preclinical models of stroke. Intracerebroventricular infusion of neutrally committed cord blood-derived cells allows their broad distribution in the CNS, whereas additional labeling with iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) enables to follow the fate of engrafted cells by MRI. A 16-month-old child at 7 months after the onset of cardiac arrest-induced global hypoxic/ischemic brain injury, resulting in a permanent vegetative state, was subjected to intracerebroventricular transplantation of the autologous neutrally committed cord blood cells. These cells obtained by 10-day culture in vitro in neurogenic conditions were tagged with SPIO nanoparticles and grafted monthly by three serial injections (12 × 10(6) cells/0.5 ml) into lateral ventricle of the brain. Neural conversion of cord blood cells and superparamagnetic labeling efficiency was confirmed by gene expression, immunocytochemistry, and phantom study. MRI examination revealed the discrete hypointense areas appearing immediately after transplantation in the vicinity of lateral ventricles wall with subsequent lowering of the signal during entire period of observation. The child was followed up for 6 months after the last transplantation and his neurological status slightly but significantly improved. No clinically significant adverse events were noted. This report indicates that intracerebroventricular transplantation of autologous, neutrally committed cord blood cells is a feasible, well tolerated, and safe procedure, at least during 6 months of our observation period. Moreover, a cell-related MRI signal persisted at a wall of lateral ventricle for more than 4 months and could be monitored in transplanted brain hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiusz Jozwiak
- *Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Habich
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kotulska
- *Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kropiwnicki
- ‡Department of Neurosurgery, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Jurkiewicz
- §Department of Radiology, MR Unit, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kmiec
- *Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Walecki
- ¶Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Postgraduate Medical Centre and Experimental Pharmacology Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Roszkowski
- ‡Department of Neurosurgery, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieczyslaw Litwin
- #Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Krystyna Domanska-Janik
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Arien-Zakay H, Lecht S, Nagler A, Lazarovici P. Human umbilical cord blood stem cells: rational for use as a neuroprotectant in ischemic brain disease. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:3513-28. [PMID: 20957109 PMCID: PMC2956109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11093513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of stem cells for reparative medicine was first proposed more than three decades ago. Hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow, peripheral blood and human umbilical cord blood (CB) have gained major use for treatment of hematological indications. CB, however, is also a source of cells capable of differentiating into various non-hematopoietic cell types, including neural cells. Several animal model reports have shown that CB cells may be used for treatment of neurological injuries. This review summarizes the information available on the origin of CB-derived neuronal cells and the mechanisms proposed to explain their action. The potential use of stem/progenitor cells for treatment of ischemic brain injuries is discussed. Issues that remain to be resolved at the present stage of preclinical trials are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Arien-Zakay
- The School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; E-Mails: (H.A.-Z.); (S.L.)
- Division of Hematology and Cord Blood Bank, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; E-Mail: (A.N.)
| | - Shimon Lecht
- The School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; E-Mails: (H.A.-Z.); (S.L.)
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology and Cord Blood Bank, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; E-Mail: (A.N.)
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- The School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; E-Mails: (H.A.-Z.); (S.L.)
- * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mail: ; Tel.: 972-2-6758-729; Fax: 972-2-6757-490
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Abdulrazzak H, Moschidou D, Jones G, Guillot PV. Biological characteristics of stem cells from foetal, cord blood and extraembryonic tissues. J R Soc Interface 2010; 7 Suppl 6:S689-706. [PMID: 20739312 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2010.0347.focus] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foetal stem cells (FSCs) can be isolated during gestation from many different tissues such as blood, liver and bone marrow as well as from a variety of extraembryonic tissues such as amniotic fluid and placenta. Strong evidence suggests that these cells differ on many biological aspects such as growth kinetics, morphology, immunophenotype, differentiation potential and engraftment capacity in vivo. Despite these differences, FSCs appear to be more primitive and have greater multi-potentiality than their adult counterparts. For example, foetal blood haemopoietic stem cells proliferate more rapidly than those found in cord blood or adult bone marrow. These features have led to FSCs being investigated for pre- and post-natal cell therapy and regenerative medicine applications. The cells have been used in pre-clinical studies to treat a wide range of diseases such as skeletal dysplasia, diaphragmatic hernia and respiratory failure, white matter damage, renal pathologies as well as cancers. Their intermediate state between adult and embryonic stem cells also makes them an ideal candidate for reprogramming to the pluripotent status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Abdulrazzak
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
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Jurga M, Forraz N, McGuckin CP. Artificial human tissues from cord and cord blood stem cells for multi-organ regenerative medicine: viable alternatives to animal in vitro toxicology. Altern Lab Anim 2010; 38:183-92. [PMID: 20507188 DOI: 10.1177/026119291003800210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
New medicinal products and procedures must meet very strict safety criteria before being applied for use in humans. The laboratory procedures involved require the use of large numbers of animals each year. Furthermore, such investigations do not always give an accurate translation to the human setting. Here, we propose a viable alternative to animal testing, which uses novel technology featuring human cord and cord blood stem cells. With over 130 million children born each year, cord and cord blood remains the most widely available alternative to the use of animals or cadaveric human tissues for in vitro toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Jurga
- Parc Technologique de Lyon-Saint Priest, Woodstock Batiment Cedre 1, 97 Allee Alexandre Borodine, 69800 Saint Priest, France
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38
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CD45+/CD133+positive cells expanded from umbilical cord blood expressing PDX-1 and markers of pluripotency. Cell Biol Int 2010; 34:783-90. [DOI: 10.1042/cbi20090236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
We have examined the potency of two methods for the neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells on the generation of neuronal cells from human blood cells. A mixture of mononuclear cells from peripheral blood cells expressing monocytic, hematopoietic, and mesenchymal cell surface markers were exposed to all-trans retinoic acid, epidermal growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor (method A), or epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 8b, sonic hedgehog and ascorbic acid (method B). Both methods led to the generation of neuronal cells as judged by changes in morphology and the expression of the neuronal markers microtubule-associated protein type 2, tau, and beta-tubulin III. Differentiation according to method B favoured the development of neurons also expressing the dopamine transporter.
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Buzanska L, Sypecka J, Nerini-Molteni S, Compagnoni A, Hogberg HT, del Torchio R, Domanska-Janik K, Zimmer J, Coecke S. A human stem cell-based model for identifying adverse effects of organic and inorganic chemicals on the developing nervous system. Stem Cells 2010; 27:2591-601. [PMID: 19609937 DOI: 10.1002/stem.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate whether a human neural stem cell line derived from umbilical cord blood (HUCB-NSC) can serve as a reliable test model for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). We assessed the sensitivity of HUCB-NSCs at different developmental stages to a panel of neurotoxic (sodium tellurite, methylmercury chloride, cadmium chloride, chlorpyrifos, and L-glutamate) and non-neurotoxic (acetaminophen, theophylline, and D-glutamate) compounds. In addition, we investigated the effect of some compounds on key neurodevelopmental processes like cell proliferation, apoptotic cell death, and neuronal and glial differentiation. Less differentiated HUCB-NSCs were generally more sensitive to neurotoxicants, with the notable exception of L-glutamate, which showed a higher toxicity to later stages. The relative potencies of the compounds were: cadmium chloride > methylmercury chloride >> chlorpyrifos >> L-glutamate. Fifty nanomolar methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl) inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in early-stage cells. At the differentiated stage, 1 muM MeHgCl induced selective loss of S100 beta-expressing astrocytic cells. One millimolar L-glutamate did not influence the early stages of HUCB-NSC development, but it affected late stages of neuronal differentiation. A valuable system for in vitro DNT assessment should be able to discriminate between neurotoxic and non-neurotoxic compounds and show different susceptibilities to chemicals according to developmental stage and cell lineage. Although not exhaustive, this work shows that the HUCB-NSC model fulfils these criteria and may serve as a human in vitro model for DNT priority setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonora Buzanska
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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41
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Wong CJ, Casper RF, Rogers IM. Epigenetic changes to human umbilical cord blood cells cultured with three proteins indicate partial reprogramming to a pluripotent state. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:927-39. [PMID: 20096686 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported the existence of a subpopulation of cells from human umbilical cord blood capable of differentiating into oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, bone, muscle, and endothelial cells despite their origins as CD45-positive cells. These stem cells (called FSFl cells) arise only after a period in vitro in medium containing FGF4, SCF, and Flt-3 ligand (FSFl medium) during which they express the pluripotency genes Oct4 and Nanog. The objective of this study was to determine if the novel expression of these pluripotency genes coupled with the newly acquired ability of these cells to differentiate into all three germ layers was the result of epigenetic changes to these cells after reprogramming in FSFl medium. We confirm that CD45-derived FSFl cells express Oct4 protein at levels similar to that observed among undifferentiated embryonic stem cells, during which time acetylated histones H3 and H4 display increased binding at the promoter region of Oct4. Changes to binding of acetylated histones at Oct4 when these cells are in a differentiated state (either prior to FSFl culture or after in vitro differentiation into neural cells) and when they are undifferentiated suggest that this is one way by which these cells acquire their pluripotency. While DNA hypermethylation at this gene region as well as the continued H3 and H4 acetylation at the CD45 promoter region among FSFl cells indicate this is only a partial reprogramming event, this is a significant step toward non-transgene reprogramming of somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Wong
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, Canada ON M5T 3H7
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Human cytomegalovirus infection causes premature and abnormal differentiation of human neural progenitor cells. J Virol 2010; 84:3528-41. [PMID: 20071566 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02161-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a leading cause of birth defects, largely manifested as central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The principal site of manifestations in the mouse model is the fetal brain's neural progenitor cell (NPC)-rich subventricular zone. Our previous human NPC studies found these cells to be fully permissive for HCMV and a useful in vitro model system. In continuing work, we observed that under culture conditions favoring maintenance of multipotency, infection caused NPCs to quickly and abnormally differentiate. This phenotypic change required active viral transcription. Whole-genome expression analysis found rapid downregulation of genes that maintain multipotency and establish NPCs' neural identity. Quantitative PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays confirmed that the mRNA and protein levels of four hallmark NPC proteins (nestin, doublecortin, sex-determining homeobox 2, and glial fibrillary acidic protein) were decreased by HCMV infection. The decreases required active viral replication and were due, at least in part, to proteasomal degradation. Our results suggest that HCMV infection causes in utero CNS defects by inducing both premature and abnormal differentiation of NPCs.
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Park J, Setter V, Wixler V, Schneider H. Umbilical cord blood stem cells: induction of differentiation into mesenchymal lineages by cell-cell contacts with various mesenchymal cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:397-406. [PMID: 18759667 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD133(+) cells isolated from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood (UCB) represent an established source of transplantable hematopoietic progenitors. Further, there is increasing evidence that such CD133(+) cell isolates comprise subpopulations capable of differentiating into several mesenchymal lineages. In this study, we investigated conditions under which mesenchymal differentiation can be induced, particularly the role of cell-cell contacts with mesenchymal cells. A purified, nearly homogeneous CD133(+) population of human UCB cells was expanded by stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor, labeled with the fluorescent marker DiI and cocultivated with rat osteoblasts, C2C12 myoblasts, or rat cardiomyocytes, respectively. In control experiments, the two cell types were separated by microporous membranes to avoid cell-cell contacts. Direct coculture of DiI-labeled UCB cells with the different mesenchymal cell populations resulted in both significant morphological changes and upregulation of lineage-specific markers. Expression of osteocalcin, myosin heavy chain, or alpha-actinin confirmed differentiation of the UCB cells into an osteoblastic, myoblastic, or cardiomyocytic phenotype, respectively. In contrast, coculture of UCB cells with the respective inducer cells under conditions preventing cell-cell contacts yielded minor, if any, evidence for such differentiation. Our data, thus, indicate that UCB cell expansion in vitro and subsequent direct cell-cell contacts with mesenchymal cells can induce their differentiation into mesenchymal lineages specific to the cell type they are in contact with. This finding has important implications for understanding the homing of adult stem cells and the promise of UCB as a cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Park
- Children's Hospital and Nikolaus Fiebiger Centre, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Jurga M, Lipkowski AW, Lukomska B, Buzanska L, Kurzepa K, Sobanski T, Habich A, Coecke S, Gajkowska B, Domanska-Janik K. Generation of functional neural artificial tissue from human umbilical cord blood stem cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2009; 15:365-72. [PMID: 19719393 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based regenerative neurology is an emerging concept for treatment of diseases of central nervous system. Among variety of proposed procedures, one of the most promising is refilling of cystic cavities of injured brain parenchyma with artificial neural tissue. Recent studies revealed that after allogenic transplantation in rodents these tissue-engineered entities were shown efficient in repair of hypoxic/ischemic brain injury. Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) was recognized to be an efficient and noncontroversial source of neural stem cells (NSC). The main purpose of this study was to generate HUCB-derived neural artificial tissue and investigate their functional properties. Neural organoids formed on human-originated biodegradable scaffolds within 3 weeks and resembled niche structure where immature stem cells (Oct4+ and Sox2+) and proliferating neuroblasts (Nestin+, GFAP+, and Ki67+) were present. Such aggregates were placed on multi-electrode chips and differentiated toward mature neurons (TUJ1+ and MAP2+). These three-dimensional aggregates in contrast to two-dimensional cultures formed functional circuits and generated spontaneous field/action potentials. Our results indicate that three-dimensional environment facilitates maturation of HUCB-derived NSC what should be considered regarding regenerative medicine application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Jurga
- Department of Neurorepair, Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland.
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Kögler G, Critser P, Trapp T, Yoder M. Future of cord blood for non-oncology uses. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 44:683-97. [PMID: 19802027 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
For the last 5 years cord blood (CB) has been under intense experimental investigation in in vitro differentiation models and in preclinical animal models ranging from bone to muscle regeneration, cardiovascular diseases including myocardial and peripheral arterial disease, stroke and Parkinson's disease. On the basis of its biological advantages, CB can be an ideal source for tissue regeneration. However, in the hype of the so-called 'plasticity', many cell types have been characterized either on cell surface Ag expression alone or by RNA expression only, and without detailed characterization of genetic pathways; frequently, cells are defined without analysis of cellular function in vitro and in vivo, and the definition of the lineage of origin and cells have not been defined in preclinical studies. Here, we explore not only the most consistent data with regard to differentiation of CB cells in vitro and in vivo, but also show technical limitations, such as why in contrast to cell populations isolated from fresh CB, cryopreserved CB is not the ideal source for tissue regeneration. By taking advantage of numerous CB units discarded due to lack of sufficient hematopoietic cells for clinical transplantation, new concepts to produce off-the-shelf products are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kögler
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, University of Duesseldorf Medical School, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Sarnowska A, Jurga M, Bużańska L, Filipkowski RK, Duniec K, Domańska-Janik K. Bilateral Interaction Between Cord Blood–Derived Human Neural Stem Cells and Organotypic Rat Hippocampal Culture. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 18:1191-200. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2008.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sarnowska
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Jurga
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leonora Bużańska
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert K. Filipkowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Duniec
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Domańska-Janik
- NeuroRepair Department, Medical Research Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Jurga M, Lipkowski AW, Lukomska B, Buzanska L, Kurzepa K, Sobanski T, Habich A, Coecke S, Gajkowska B, Domanska-Janik K. Generation of Functional Neural Artificial Tissue from Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2009. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Tissue-resident stem cells or primitive progenitors play an integral role in homeostasis of most organ systems. Recent developments in methodologies to isolate and culture embryonic and somatic stem cells have many new applications poised for clinical and preclinical trials, which will enable the potential of regenerative medicine to be realized. Here, we overview the current progress in therapeutic applications of various stem cells and discuss technical and social hurdles that must be overcome for their potential to be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Riazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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49
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Stem Cells and Organ Replacement. Artif Organs 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84882-283-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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50
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Zangiacomi V, Balon N, Maddens S, Lapierre V, Tiberghien P, Schlichter R, Versaux-Botteri C, Deschaseaux F. Cord Blood-Derived Neurons Are Originated from CD133+/CD34 Stem/Progenitor Cells in a Cell-to-Cell Contact Dependent Manner. Stem Cells Dev 2008; 17:1005-16. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2007.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Zangiacomi
- Neurogenèse et Processus Intégratifs dans l’Olfaction, Laboratoire de Neurosciences, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Ingénierie et Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Norbert Balon
- Neurogenèse et Processus Intégratifs dans l’Olfaction, Laboratoire de Neurosciences, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Ingénierie et Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Stéphane Maddens
- INSERM, Université de Franche-Comté, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Ingénierie et Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Valérie Lapierre
- INSERM, Université de Franche-Comté, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Ingénierie et Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Pierre Tiberghien
- INSERM, Université de Franche-Comté, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Ingénierie et Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Remy Schlichter
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Dept. Nociception et Douleur, INSERM, CNRS-Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudine Versaux-Botteri
- Neurogenèse et Processus Intégratifs dans l’Olfaction, Laboratoire de Neurosciences, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Ingénierie et Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Centre des Cordeliers, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Deschaseaux
- INSERM, Université de Franche-Comté, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Ingénierie et Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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