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Szelenberger R, Jóźwiak P, Kacprzak M, Bijak M, Zielińska M, Olender A, Saluk-Bijak J. Variations in Blood Platelet Proteome and Transcriptome Revealed Altered Expression of Transgelin-2 in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116340. [PMID: 35683019 PMCID: PMC9181388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomic analyses based on mass spectrometry provide a powerful tool for the simultaneous identification of proteins and their signatures. Disorders detection at the molecular level delivers an immense impact for a better understanding of the pathogenesis and etiology of various diseases. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to a group of heart diseases generally associated with rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and partial or complete thrombotic obstruction of the blood flow in the infarct-related coronary artery. The essential role in the pathogenesis of ACS is related to the abnormal, pathological activation of blood platelets. The multifactorial and complex character of ACS indicates the need to explain the molecular mechanisms responsible for thrombosis. In our study, we performed screening and comparative analysis of platelet proteome from ACS patients and healthy donors. Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis and nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry showed altered expressions of six proteins (i.e., vinculin, transgelin-2, fibrinogen β and γ chains, apolipoprotein a1, and tubulin β), with the overlapping increased expression at the mRNA level for transgelin-2. Dysregulation in protein expression identified in our study may be associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events, correlated with a higher aggregability of blood platelets and induced shape change, thus explaining the phenomenon of the hyperreactivity of blood platelets in ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Szelenberger
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paweł Jóźwiak
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Kacprzak
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michał Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Marzenna Zielińska
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Alina Olender
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
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2
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Joshi A, Schmidt LE, Burnap SA, Lu R, Chan MV, Armstrong PC, Baig F, Gutmann C, Willeit P, Santer P, Barwari T, Theofilatos K, Kiechl S, Willeit J, Warner TD, Mathur A, Mayr M. Neutrophil-Derived Protein S100A8/A9 Alters the Platelet Proteome in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Is Associated With Changes in Platelet Reactivity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 42:49-62. [PMID: 34809447 PMCID: PMC8691374 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: Platelets are central to acute myocardial infarction (MI). How the platelet proteome is altered during MI is unknown. We sought to describe changes in the platelet proteome during MI and identify corresponding functional consequences. Approach and Results: Platelets from patients experiencing ST-segment–elevation MI (STEMI) before and 3 days after treatment (n=30) and matched patients with severe stable coronary artery disease before and 3 days after coronary artery bypass grafting (n=25) underwent quantitative proteomic analysis. Elevations in the proteins S100A8 and S100A9 were detected at the time of STEMI compared with stable coronary artery disease (S100A8: FC, 2.00; false discovery rate, 0.05; S100A9: FC, 2.28; false discovery rate, 0.005). During STEMI, only S100A8 mRNA and protein levels were correlated in platelets (R=0.46, P=0.012). To determine whether de novo protein synthesis occurs, activated platelets were incubated with 13C-labeled amino acids for 24 hours and analyzed by mass spectrometry. No incorporation was confidently detected. Platelet S100A8 and S100A9 was strongly correlated with neutrophil abundance at the time of STEMI. When isolated platelets and neutrophils were coincubated under quiescent and activated conditions, release of S100A8 from neutrophils resulted in uptake of S100A8 by platelets. Neutrophils released S100A8/A9 as free heterodimer, rather than in vesicles or extracellular traps. In the community-based Bruneck study (n=338), plasma S100A8/A9 was inversely associated with platelet reactivity—an effect abrogated by aspirin. Conclusions: Leukocyte-to-platelet protein transfer may occur in a thromboinflammatory environment such as STEMI. Plasma S100A8/A9 was negatively associated with platelet reactivity. These findings highlight neutrophils as potential modifiers for thrombotic therapies in coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Joshi
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.).,Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.J., A.M.)
| | - Lukas E Schmidt
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Sean A Burnap
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Ruifang Lu
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Melissa V Chan
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.V.C., P.C.A., T.D.W.)
| | - Paul C Armstrong
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.V.C., P.C.A., T.D.W.)
| | - Ferheen Baig
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Clemens Gutmann
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (P.W., S.K., J.W.)
| | - Peter Santer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bruneck Hospital, Italy (P.S.)
| | - Temo Barwari
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Konstantinos Theofilatos
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.)
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (P.W., S.K., J.W.).,Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Austria (S.K., J.W.)
| | - Johann Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (P.W., S.K., J.W.).,Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Austria (S.K., J.W.)
| | - Timothy D Warner
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.V.C., P.C.A., T.D.W.)
| | - Anthony Mathur
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.J., A.M.)
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, United Kingdom (A.J., L.E.S., S.A.B., R.L., F.B., C.G., T.B., K.T., M.M.).,Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary's University, London, United Kingdom (A.M.)
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3
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Banfi C, Baetta R, Barbieri SS, Brioschi M, Guarino A, Ghilardi S, Sandrini L, Eligini S, Polvani G, Bergman O, Eriksson P, Tremoli E. Prenylcysteine oxidase 1, an emerging player in atherosclerosis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1109. [PMID: 34548610 PMCID: PMC8455616 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The research into the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis has considerably increased our understanding of the disease complexity, but still many questions remain unanswered, both mechanistically and pharmacologically. Here, we provided evidence that the pro-oxidant enzyme Prenylcysteine Oxidase 1 (PCYOX1), in the human atherosclerotic lesions, is both synthesized locally and transported within the subintimal space by proatherogenic lipoproteins accumulating in the arterial wall during atherogenesis. Further, Pcyox1 deficiency in Apoe-/- mice retards atheroprogression, is associated with decreased features of lesion vulnerability and lower levels of lipid peroxidation, reduces plasma lipid levels and inflammation. PCYOX1 silencing in vitro affects the cellular proteome by influencing multiple functions related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and platelet adhesion. Collectively, these findings identify the pro-oxidant enzyme PCYOX1 as an emerging player in atherogenesis and, therefore, understanding the biology and mechanisms of all functions of this unique enzyme is likely to provide additional therapeutic opportunities in addressing atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Banfi
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - R. Baetta
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - S. S. Barbieri
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - M. Brioschi
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - A. Guarino
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - S. Ghilardi
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - L. Sandrini
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - S. Eligini
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - G. Polvani
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy ,grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, Milano, Italy ,grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Development and Innovation Cardiac Surgery Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - O. Bergman
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P. Eriksson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E. Tremoli
- grid.418230.c0000 0004 1760 1750Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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4
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Jenkins TW, Downey-Kopyscinski SL, Fields JL, Rahme GJ, Colley WC, Israel MA, Maksimenko AV, Fiering SN, Kisselev AF. Activity of immunoproteasome inhibitor ONX-0914 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia expressing MLL-AF4 fusion protein. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10883. [PMID: 34035431 PMCID: PMC8149845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and carfilzomib are approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma and have demonstrated clinical efficacy for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The t(4;11)(q21;q23) chromosomal translocation that leads to the expression of MLL-AF4 fusion protein and confers a poor prognosis, is the major cause of infant ALL. This translocation sensitizes tumor cells to proteasome inhibitors, but toxicities of bortezomib and carfilzomib may limit their use in pediatric patients. Many of these toxicities are caused by on-target inhibition of proteasomes in non-lymphoid tissues (e.g., heart muscle, gut, testicles). We found that MLL-AF4 cells express high levels of lymphoid tissue-specific immunoproteasomes and are sensitive to pharmacologically relevant concentrations of specific immunoproteasome inhibitor ONX-0914, even in the presence of stromal cells. Inhibition of multiple active sites of the immunoproteasomes was required to achieve cytotoxicity against ALL. ONX-0914, an inhibitor of LMP7 (ß5i) and LMP2 (ß1i) sites of the immunoproteasome, and LU-102, inhibitor of proteasome ß2 sites, exhibited synergistic cytotoxicity. Treatment with ONX-0914 significantly delayed the growth of orthotopic ALL xenograft tumors in mice. T-cell ALL lines were also sensitive to pharmacologically relevant concentrations of ONX-0914. This study provides a strong rationale for testing clinical stage immunoproteasome inhibitors KZ-616 and M3258 in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W Jenkins
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, PRB, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Sondra L Downey-Kopyscinski
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- SLDK - Rancho Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA
- GJR- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- WCC - ScribeAmerica, Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, AL, USA
- MAI- Israel Cancer Research Fund, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer L Fields
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Gilbert J Rahme
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- SLDK - Rancho Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA
- GJR- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- WCC - ScribeAmerica, Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, AL, USA
- MAI- Israel Cancer Research Fund, New York, NY, USA
| | - William C Colley
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, PRB, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- SLDK - Rancho Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA
- GJR- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- WCC - ScribeAmerica, Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, AL, USA
- MAI- Israel Cancer Research Fund, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark A Israel
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- SLDK - Rancho Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA
- GJR- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- WCC - ScribeAmerica, Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, AL, USA
- MAI- Israel Cancer Research Fund, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrey V Maksimenko
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, PRB, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Steven N Fiering
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Alexei F Kisselev
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, PRB, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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5
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El-Kadiry AEH, Merhi Y. The Role of the Proteasome in Platelet Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083999. [PMID: 33924425 PMCID: PMC8069084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are megakaryocyte-derived acellular fragments prepped to maintain primary hemostasis and thrombosis by preserving vascular integrity. Although they lack nuclei, platelets harbor functional genomic mediators that bolster platelet activity in a signal-specific manner by performing limited de novo protein synthesis. Furthermore, despite their limited protein synthesis, platelets are equipped with multiple protein degradation mechanisms, such as the proteasome. In nucleated cells, the functions of the proteasome are well established and primarily include proteostasis among a myriad of other signaling processes. However, the role of proteasome-mediated protein degradation in platelets remains elusive. In this review article, we recapitulate the developing literature on the functions of the proteasome in platelets, discussing its emerging regulatory role in platelet viability and function and highlighting how its functional coupling with the transcription factor NF-κB constitutes a novel potential therapeutic target in atherothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abed El-Hakim El-Kadiry
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Research Centre, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Yahye Merhi
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Research Centre, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-376-3330
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6
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Levent P, Kocaturk M, Akgun E, Saril A, Cevik O, Baykal AT, Tanaka R, Ceron JJ, Yilmaz Z. Platelet proteome changes in dogs with congestive heart failure. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:466. [PMID: 33256720 PMCID: PMC7708215 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02692-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets play a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and changes in their proteins are involved in the pathophysiology of heart diseases in humans. There is lack of knowledge about the possible role of platelets in congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the changes in global platelet proteomes in dogs with CHF, to clarify the possible role of platelets in the physiopathology of this disease. Healthy-dogs (n = 10) and dogs with acute CHF due to myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD, n = 10) were used. Acute CHF was defined based on the clinical (increased respiratory rate or difficulty breathing) and radiographic findings of pulmonary edema. Dogs Blood samples were collected into tubes with acid-citrate-dextrose, and platelet-pellets were obtained by centrifuge and washing steps. Platelet-proteomes were identified using LC-MS based label-free differential proteome expression analysis method and matched according to protein database for Canis lupus familiaris. RESULTS Totally 104 different proteins were identified in the platelets of the dogs being 4 out of them were significantly up-regulated and 6 down-regulated in acute CHF dogs. Guanine-nucleotide-binding protein, apolipoproteins (A-II and C-III) and clusterin levels increased, but CXC-motif-chemokine-10, cytochrome-C-oxidase-subunit-2, cathepsin-D, serine/threonine-protein-phosphatase-PP1-gamma-catalytic-subunit, creatine-kinase-B-type and myotrophin levels decreased in acute CHF dogs. These proteins are associated with several molecular functions, biological processes, signaling systems and immune-inflammatory responses. CONCLUSION This study describes by first time the changes in the protein composition in platelets of dogs with acute CHF due to MMVD. Our findings provide a resource for increase the knowledge about the proteome of canine platelets and their roles in CHF caused by MMVD and could be a tool for further investigations about the prevention and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Levent
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Meriç Kocaturk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Emel Akgun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Saril
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cevik
- Department of Basic Science, Medical Biochemistry, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tarik Baykal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Jose Joaquin Ceron
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Zeki Yilmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, Turkey.
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7
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Platelets in Healthy and Disease States: From Biomarkers Discovery to Drug Targets Identification by Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124541. [PMID: 32630608 PMCID: PMC7352998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are a heterogeneous small anucleate blood cell population with a central role both in physiological haemostasis and in pathological states, spanning from thrombosis to inflammation, and cancer. Recent advances in proteomic studies provided additional important information concerning the platelet biology and the response of platelets to several pathophysiological pathways. Platelets circulate systemically and can be easily isolated from human samples, making proteomic application very interesting for characterizing the complexity of platelet functions in health and disease as well as for identifying and quantifying potential platelet proteins as biomarkers and novel antiplatelet therapeutic targets. To date, the highly dynamic protein content of platelets has been studied in resting and activated platelets, and several subproteomes have been characterized including platelet-derived microparticles, platelet granules, platelet releasates, platelet membrane proteins, and specific platelet post-translational modifications. In this review, a critical overview is provided on principal platelet proteomic studies focused on platelet biology from signaling to granules content, platelet proteome changes in several diseases, and the impact of drugs on platelet functions. Moreover, recent advances in quantitative platelet proteomics are discussed, emphasizing the importance of targeted quantification methods for more precise, robust and accurate quantification of selected proteins, which might be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, and their strong clinical impact in the near future.
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8
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Gutmann C, Joshi A, Mayr M. Platelet "-omics" in health and cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2020; 307:87-96. [PMID: 32646580 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The importance of platelets for cardiovascular disease was established as early as the 19th century. Their therapeutic inhibition stands alongside the biggest achievements in medicine. Still, certain aspects of platelet pathophysiology remain unclear. This includes platelet resistance to antiplatelet therapy and the contribution of platelets to vascular remodelling and extends beyond cardiovascular disease to haematological disorders and cancer. To address these gaps in our knowledge, a better understanding of the underlying molecular processes is needed. This will be enabled by technologies that capture dysregulated molecular processes and can integrate them into a broader network of biological systems. The advent of -omics technologies, such as mass spectrometry proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics; highly multiplexed affinity-based proteomics; microarray- or RNA-sequencing-(RNA-seq)-based transcriptomics, and most recently ribosome footprint-based translatomics, has enabled a more holistic understanding of platelet biology. Most of these methods have already been applied to platelets, and this review will summarise this information and discuss future developments in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Gutmann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom.
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9
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Proteomic profiling of the thrombin-activated canine platelet secretome (CAPS). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224891. [PMID: 31721811 PMCID: PMC6853320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Domestic dogs share the same environment as humans, and they represent a valuable animal model to study naturally-occurring human disease. Platelet proteomics holds promise for the discovery of biomarkers that capture the contribution of platelets to the pathophysiology of many disease states, however, canine platelet proteomic studies are lacking. Our study objectives were to establish a protocol for proteomic identification and quantification of the thrombin-activated canine platelet secretome (CAPS), and to compare the CAPS proteins to human and murine platelet proteomic data. Washed platelets were isolated from healthy dogs, and stimulated with saline (control) or gamma-thrombin (releasate). Proteins were separated by SDS-page, trypsin-digested and analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (MS). CAPS proteins were defined as those with a MS1-abundance ratio of two or more for releasate vs. unstimulated saline control. A total of 1,918 proteins were identified, with 908 proteins common to all dogs and 693 characterized as CAPS proteins. CAPS proteins were similar to human and murine platelet secretomes and were highly represented in hemostatic pathways. Differences unique to CAPS included replacement of platelet factor 4 with other cleavage products of platelet basic protein (e.g. interleukin-8), novel proteins (e.g. C-C motif chemokine 14), and proteins in relatively high (e.g. protease nexin-1) or low (e.g. von Willebrand factor) abundance. This study establishes the first in-depth platelet releasate proteome from healthy dogs with a reference database of 693 CAPS proteins. Similarities between CAPS and the human secretome confirm the utility of dogs as translational models of human disease, but we also identify differences unique to canine platelets. Our findings provide a resource for further investigations into disease-related CAPS profiles, and for comparative pathway analyses of platelet activation among species.
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Bijak M, Olejnik A, Rokita B, Morel A, Dziedzic A, Miller E, Saluk‐Bijak J. Increased level of fibrinogen chains in the proteome of blood platelets in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis patients. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3476-3482. [PMID: 30838756 PMCID: PMC6484326 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate a high risk of stroke, heart failure and myocardial infarction in patients with multiple sclerosis, especially in its secondary progressive (SPMS) phase. Some ischaemic events are directly associated with abnormal platelet functions and their prothrombotic activity. Recent reports, including this study, confirm the increased activation of circulating platelets in SPMS, and also show increased platelet reactivity, among other responses, as well as strong aggregation. In this current study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the platelet proteome in SPMS patients and in healthy controls, to demonstrate the quantitative and qualitative differences likely to affect functional changes observed in SPMS. During densitometry evaluation of 2-D fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis, we observed differences between the electrophoretic patterns of SPMS platelets and the control samples. To determine a detailed characterisation of the proteome changes in the SPMS patients' blood platelets, in the next stage, we performed mass spectrometry of selected spots and indicated the increased presence of four proteins (fibrinogen, α-2 macroglobulin, septin-14 and tubulin β-1 chain). The most important of these is the increased amount of prothrombotic protein, fibrinogen, which seems to confirm the accuracy of the imaging and potentially explains the increased risk of platelet-origin thrombotic events. This study provides new knowledge of the potential existence of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the acceleration of the platelet pro-coagulant function in SPMS. This can help to identify new targets for therapy, which can then be used not only in the second stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bijak
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General BiochemistryUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Alicja Olejnik
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Applied Radiation ChemistryLodz University of TechnologyLodzPoland
| | - Bozena Rokita
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Applied Radiation ChemistryLodz University of TechnologyLodzPoland
| | - Agnieszka Morel
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General BiochemistryUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Angela Dziedzic
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General BiochemistryUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Elzbieta Miller
- Department of Physical MedicineMedical University of LodzLodzPoland
- Neurorehabilitation Ward, III General Hospital in LodzLodzPoland
| | - Joanna Saluk‐Bijak
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General BiochemistryUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
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11
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Sun H, Wang D, Liu D, Guo Z, Shao C, Sun W, Zeng Y. Differential urinary proteins to diagnose coronary heart disease based on iTRAQ quantitative proteomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:2273-2282. [PMID: 30806752 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerotic disease. It is assessed by intervention or traditional scoring risk factors. Diagnosis is limited by inaccurate and invasive methods. Developing noninvasive methods to screen for the risk of CAD is a major challenge. We aimed to identify urinary proteins associated with CAD. We utilized iTRAQ labeling followed by 2D LC-MS/MS to compare the urinary proteome of CAD patients to healthy cohorts. The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to verify the differential proteins. ROC analysis based on MRM data was used to evaluate the diagnostic application. A total of 876 proteins were quantified, and 100 differential proteins were found. Functional analysis revealed that the differential proteins were mainly associated with Liver X Receptor/Retinoid X Receptor (LXR/RXR) pathway activation, atherosclerosis signaling, production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, and the top upstream regulator of the differential proteins by IPA analysis indicated to the APOE. Nineteen differential proteins were verified by MRM analysis. ROC based on MRM data revealed that the combination of two proteins (APOD and TFF1) could diagnose CAD with 85% sensitivity and 99% specificity (AUC 0.95). The urinary proteome might reflect the pathophysiological changes in CAD and be used for the clinical study of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidan Sun
- Core facility of instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Danqi Wang
- Core facility of instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhengguang Guo
- Core facility of instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Chen Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Core facility of instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
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12
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Banfi C, Guarino A, Brioschi M, Ghilardi S, Mastrullo V, Tremoli E, Polvani G. Optimized Protocol for the Extraction of Proteins from the Human Mitral Valve. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28654069 DOI: 10.3791/55762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the cellular proteome can help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying diseases due to the development of technologies that permit the large-scale identification and quantification of the proteins present in complex biological systems.The knowledge gained from a proteomic approach can potentially lead to a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying diseases, allowing for the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic disease markers, and, hopefully, of therapeutic targets. However, the cardiac mitral valve represents a very challenging sample for proteomic analysis because of the low cellularity in proteoglycan and collagen-enriched extracellular matrix. This makes it challenging to extract proteins for a global proteomic analysis. This work describes a protocol that is compatible with subsequent protein analysis, such as quantitative proteomics and immunoblotting. This can allow for the correlation of data concerning protein expression with data on quantitative mRNA expression and non-quantitative immunohistochemical analysis. Indeed, these approaches, when performed together, will lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying diseases, from mRNA to post-translational protein modification. Thus, this method can be relevant to researchers interested in the study of cardiac valve physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Guarino
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS
| | | | | | | | | | - Gianluca Polvani
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Development and Innovation Cardiac Surgery Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS
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13
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Trindade F, Ferreira R, Magalhães B, Leite-Moreira A, Falcão-Pires I, Vitorino R. How to use and integrate bioinformatics tools to compare proteomic data from distinct conditions? A tutorial using the pathological similarities between Aortic Valve Stenosis and Coronary Artery Disease as a case-study. J Proteomics 2017; 171:37-52. [PMID: 28336332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays we are surrounded by a plethora of bioinformatics tools, powerful enough to deal with the large amounts of data arising from proteomic studies, but whose application is sometimes hard to find. Therefore, we used a specific clinical problem - to discriminate pathophysiology and potential biomarkers between two similar cardiovascular diseases, aortic valve stenosis (AVS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) - to make a step-by-step guide through four bioinformatics tools: STRING, DisGeNET, Cytoscape and ClueGO. Proteome data was collected from articles available on PubMed centered on proteomic studies enrolling subjects with AVS or CAD. Through the analysis of gene ontology provided by STRING and ClueGO we could find specific biological phenomena associated with AVS, such as down-regulation of elastic fiber assembly, and with CAD, such as up-regulation of plasminogen activation. Moreover, through Cytoscape and DisGeNET we could pinpoint surrogate markers either for AVS (e.g. popeye domain containing protein 2 and 28S ribosomal protein S36, mitochondrial) or for CAD (e.g. ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 7) which deserve future validation. Data recycling and integration as well as research orientation are among the main advantages of resorting to bioinformatics analysis, hence these tutorials can be of great convenience for proteomics investigators. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE As we saw for aortic valve stenosis and coronary artery disease, it can be of great relevance to perform preliminary bioinformatics analysis with already published proteomics data. It not only saves us time in the lab (avoiding work duplication) as it points out new hypothesis to explain the phenotypical presentation of the diseases as well as new surrogate markers with clinical relevance, deserving future scrutiny. These essential steps can be easily overcome if one follows the steps proposed in our tutorial for STRING, DisGeNET, Cytoscape and ClueGO utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Trindade
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rita Ferreira
- QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Magalhães
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Mokou M, Lygirou V, Vlahou A, Mischak H. Proteomics in cardiovascular disease: recent progress and clinical implication and implementation. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:117-136. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1274653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Mokou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harald Mischak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
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15
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Izquierdo I, García Á. Platelet proteomics applied to the search for novel antiplatelet therapeutic targets. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:993-1006. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1246188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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García Á. Platelet clinical proteomics: Facts, challenges, and future perspectives. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:767-73. [PMID: 26948058 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, proteomics has been applied to platelet clinical research. Platelets are small enucleated cells that play a fundamental role in hemostasis. In a pathological context, unwanted platelet activation is related to various diseases, primarily thrombosis, but also cancer metastasis, inflammation, immunity, and neurodegenerative diseases. The absence of a nucleus is one of the reasons why proteomics can be considered an ideal analytical tool for platelet research. Indeed, platelet proteomics has allowed the identification of many novel signaling proteins and receptors, several of which are being pursued as potential therapeutic targets. Encouraged by this success, several research groups have recently initiated clinical proteomics studies covering diseases where platelets are involved in some way, such as coronary artery disease, storage pool diseases, uremia, cystic fibrosis, and Alzheimer disease. The goal was to identify platelet biomarkers and drug targets that can help to improve the treatment/diagnosis of the disease and provide further mechanistic evidences of the role platelets play in the pathology. The present article will comment on the recent progress of clinical proteomics in the context of platelet research, challenges, and perspectives for the future ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel García
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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17
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Raphael R, Purushotham D, Gastonguay C, Chesnik MA, Kwok WM, Wu HE, Shah SJ, Mirza SP, Strande JL. Combining patient proteomics and in vitro cardiomyocyte phenotype testing to identify potential mediators of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Transl Med 2016; 14:18. [PMID: 26792056 PMCID: PMC4719542 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a syndrome resulting from several co-morbidities in which specific mediators are unknown. The platelet proteome responds to disease processes. We hypothesize that the platelet proteome will change composition in patients with HFpEF and may uncover mediators of the syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS Proteomic changes were assessed in platelets from hospitalized subjects with symptoms of HFpEF (n = 9), the same subjects several weeks later without symptoms (n = 7) and control subjects (n = 8). Mass spectrometry identified 6102 proteins with five scans with peptide probabilities of ≥0.85. Of the 6102 proteins, 165 were present only in symptomatic subjects, 78 were only found in outpatient subjects and 157 proteins were unique to the control group. The S100A8 protein was identified consistently in HFpEF samples when compared with controls. We validated the fining that plasma S100A8 levels are increased in subjects with HFpEF (654 ± 391) compared to controls (352 ± 204) in an external cohort (p = 0.002). Recombinant S100A8 had direct effects on the electrophysiological and calcium handling profile in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Platelets may harbor proteins associated with HFpEF. S100A8 is present in the platelets of subjects with HFpEF and increased in the plasma of the same subjects. We further established a bedside-to-bench translational system that can be utilized as a secondary screen to ascertain whether the biomarkers may be an associated finding or causal to the disease process. S100A8 has been linked with other cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis and risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, or death. This is the first report on association of S100A8 with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseanne Raphael
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Diana Purushotham
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Courtney Gastonguay
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. .,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Marla A Chesnik
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Wai-Meng Kwok
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Hsiang-En Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Shama P Mirza
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Strande
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. .,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. .,, MEB/CVC 4579, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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18
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19
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Cini C, Yip C, Attard C, Karlaftis V, Monagle P, Linden M, Ignjatovic V. Differences in the resting platelet proteome and platelet releasate between healthy children and adults. J Proteomics 2015; 123:78-88. [PMID: 25868662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Major age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer are the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in Australia and worldwide. In our recent study characterising differences in the plasma proteome between healthy children and adults, a large number of proteins differentially expressed with age were found to be of platelet origin. This study aimed to characterise differences in the resting platelet proteome and the platelet releasate of healthy children compared to healthy adults. This study represents the setup of a procedure for the proteomic analysis of platelets from children. Differentially expressed platelet proteins were identified using Two-dimensional Differential In-Gel Electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Significant differences in the expression of nine proteins (1.1%) in the resting platelet proteome were observed in children compared to adults. Serotransferrin, fibrinogen alpha chain, glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase, serum albumin, transgelin-2, calponin-2/LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 and human chorionic gonadotropin 2039797 were up-regulated, whereas thrombospondin-1 was down-regulated in children. Eleven proteins (1.5%) were differentially expressed in the platelet releasate of children compared to adults, where transferrin was also upregulated and TSP-1 was down regulated. Identified proteins are involved in processes including tissue and organ development, cell proliferation regulation and angiogenesis. Our results provide novel insights into platelet physiology as well as growth, development and ageing in healthy individuals. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The incidence of major diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer increase with increasing age and are the major causes of morbidity and mortality both in Australia and worldwide. As the aged population continues to increase dramatically, so too will the financial strains associated with the long term care of the elderly population. Compared to adults, children have a significantly lower incidence of major diseases such as thromboembolic disease. This suggests that children have a protective mechanism against the development of disease. Therefore, studies focussing on the molecular changes of proteins, the machinery of the cell, between children and adults are the key to determining the underlying mechanisms responsible for the onset of major diseases. A well-defined example of how protein expression can change with age is that of the plasma proteome. Significant differences in the expression of numerous plasma proteins between healthy children and adults have been recently demonstrated. Interestingly, a large number of differentially expressed proteins were found to be of platelet origin. This finding forms the basis for the current study, presenting as strong evidence for the age-specific differences of the platelet proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine Cini
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina Yip
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chantal Attard
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasiliki Karlaftis
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Monagle
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Linden
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vera Ignjatovic
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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20
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Klockenbusch C, Walsh GM, Brown LM, Hoffman MD, Ignatchenko V, Kislinger T, Kast J. Global proteome analysis identifies active immunoproteasome subunits in human platelets. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3308-19. [PMID: 25146974 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.031757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new functions for platelets, particularly in inflammation and immunity, has expanded the role of these anucleate cell fragments beyond their primary hemostatic function. Here, four in-depth human platelet proteomic data sets were generated to explore potential new functions for platelets based on their protein content and this led to the identification of 2559 high confidence proteins. During a more detailed analysis, consistently high expression of the proteasome was discovered, and the composition and function of this complex, whose role in platelets has not been thoroughly investigated, was examined. Data set mining resulted in identification of nearly all members of the 26S proteasome in one or more data sets, except the β5 subunit. However, β5i, a component of the immunoproteasome, was identified. Biochemical analyses confirmed the presence of all catalytically active subunits of the standard 20S proteasome and immunoproteasome in human platelets, including β5, which was predominantly found in its precursor form. It was demonstrated that these components were assembled into the proteasome complex and that standard proteasome as well as immunoproteasome subunits were constitutively active in platelets. These findings suggest potential new roles for platelets in the immune system. For example, the immunoproteasome may be involved in major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I) peptide generation, as the MHC I machinery was also identified in our data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Klockenbusch
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Geraldine M Walsh
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; §The Centre for Blood Research, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lyda M Brown
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael D Hoffman
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; ¶The Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ignatchenko
- ‖Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- ‖Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; **Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Juergen Kast
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; §The Centre for Blood Research, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; ¶The Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada;
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21
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Yip C, García A. Exploring the potential of platelet proteomics in children. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:807-12. [PMID: 25090967 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics is a rapidly evolving ''post-genomic'' science utilizing advanced technologies in protein separation, identification, quantitation and heavily relying on bioinformatics. Proteomic research in pediatrics is important and most of the successes thus far are seen in research that utilize samples that require less invasive procedures and focus on prevailing childhood diseases such as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and neuroblastoma. Recent advances in proteomics are helping to elucidate platelet processes that are relevant to bleeding and clotting disorders, as well as other important roles of platelets such as in angiogenesis and inflammation. Nevertheless, most of platelet proteome data obtained to date are derived from the adult population and the potential of platelet proteomic application in children has not yet been explored. As it happens in all research fields, there are additional challenges in studying children such as procuring sufficient biological samples and access to less common disease cohorts as compared to in adults. Furthermore, many of the prevalent platelet-mediated diseases in adults, such as coronary heart disease and atherosclerotic lesions, are believed to have origins during childhood. Hence, platelet proteomic research in children may reveal some important information on how platelet plays a role in the pathogenesis of disease. In this article, we refer to the current knowledge from platelet proteomic research strategies in adults and address the specific concerns in the study of pediatric samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Yip
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Haematology, National University Hospital, Singapore
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22
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Overview of platelet physiology: its hemostatic and nonhemostatic role in disease pathogenesis. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:781857. [PMID: 24729754 PMCID: PMC3960550 DOI: 10.1155/2014/781857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate cell fragments that circulate in blood playing crucial role in managing vascular integrity and regulating hemostasis. Platelets are also involved in the fundamental biological process of chronic inflammation associated with disease pathology. Platelet indices like mean platelets volume (MPV), platelets distributed width (PDW), and platelet crit (PCT) are useful as cheap noninvasive biomarkers for assessing the diseased states. Dynamic platelets bear distinct morphology, where α and dense granule are actively involved in secretion of molecules like GPIIb , IIIa, fibrinogen, vWf, catecholamines, serotonin, calcium, ATP, ADP, and so forth, which are involved in aggregation. Differential expressions of surface receptors like CD36, CD41, CD61 and so forth have also been quantitated in several diseases. Platelet clinical research faces challenges due to the vulnerable nature of platelet structure functions and lack of accurate assay techniques. But recent advancement in flow cytometry inputs huge progress in the field of platelets study. Platelets activation and dysfunction have been implicated in diabetes, renal diseases, tumorigenesis, Alzheimer's, and CVD. In conclusion, this paper elucidates that platelets are not that innocent as they keep showing and thus numerous novel platelet biomarkers are upcoming very soon in the field of clinical research which can be important for predicting and diagnosing disease state.
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Baumgartner R, Umlauf E, Veitinger M, Guterres S, Rappold E, Babeluk R, Mitulović G, Oehler R, Zellner M. Identification and validation of platelet low biological variation proteins, superior to GAPDH, actin and tubulin, as tools in clinical proteomics. J Proteomics 2013; 94:540-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kraemer BF, Weyrich AS, Lindemann S. Protein degradation systems in platelets. Thromb Haemost 2013; 110:920-4. [PMID: 24048267 DOI: 10.1160/th13-03-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein synthesis and degradation are essential processes that allow cells to survive and adapt to their surrounding milieu. In nucleated cells, the degradation and/or cleavage of proteins is required to eliminate aberrant proteins. Cells also degrade proteins as a mechanism for cell signalling and complex cellular functions. Although the last decade has convincingly shown that platelets synthesise proteins, the roles of protein degradation in these anucleate cytoplasts are less clear. Here we review what is known about protein degradation in platelets placing particular emphasis on the proteasome and the cysteine protease calpain.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Kraemer
- Andrew Weyrich, MD, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Building 533 Room 4220, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA, Tel: +1 801 5850702, Fax: +1 801 5850701, E-mail:
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Napoli C, Zullo A, Picascia A, Infante T, Mancini FP. Recent advances in proteomic technologies applied to cardiovascular disease. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:7-20. [PMID: 22886784 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has increased its potential, also thanks to mass spectrometry (MS) proteomics. Modern MS proteomics tools permit analyzing a variety of biological samples, ranging from single cells to tissues and body fluids, like plasma and urine. This approach enhances the search for informative biomarkers in biological samples from apparently healthy individuals or patients, thus allowing an earlier and more precise diagnosis and a deeper comprehension of pathogenesis, development and outcome of CVD to further reduce the enormous burden of this disease on public health. In fact, many differences in protein expression between CVD-affected and healthy subjects have been detected, but only a few of them have been useful to establish clinical biomarkers because they did not pass the verification and validation tests. For a concrete clinical support of MS proteomics to CVD, it is, therefore, necessary to: ameliorate the resolution, sensitivity, specificity, throughput, precision, and accuracy of MS platform components; standardize procedures for sample collection, preparation, and analysis; lower the costs of the analyses; reduce the time of biomarker verification and validation. At the same time, it will be fundamental, for the future perspectives of proteomics in clinical trials, to define the normal protein maps and the global patterns of normal protein levels, as well as those specific for the different expressions of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Napoli
- Department of General Pathology, Excellence Research Centre on Cardiovascular Disease, U.O.C. Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology [SIMT], Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology [LIT], Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU), 1st School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Eberini I, Wait R, Calabresi L, Sensi C, Miller I, Gianazza E. A proteomic portrait of atherosclerosis. J Proteomics 2013; 82:92-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Parguiña AF, Rosa I, García Á. Proteomics applied to the study of platelet-related diseases: Aiding the discovery of novel platelet biomarkers and drug targets. J Proteomics 2012; 76 Spec No.:275-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ferroni P, Riondino S, Vazzana N, Santoro N, Guadagni F, Davì G. Biomarkers of platelet activation in acute coronary syndromes. Thromb Haemost 2012; 108:1109-23. [PMID: 23014768 DOI: 10.1160/th12-08-0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The most convincing evidence for the participation of platelets in arterial thrombosis in humans comes from studies of platelet activation in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and from trials of antiplatelet drugs. Both strongly support the concept that repeated episodes of platelet activation over the thrombogenic surface of a vulnerable plaque may contribute to the risk of death from coronary causes. However, the relation of in vivo platelet activation and adverse clinical events to results of platelet function tests remains largely unknown. A valuable marker of in vivo platelet activation should be specific, unaltered by pre-analytical artefacts and reproducibly measured by easily performed methods. This article describes current biomarkers of platelet activation in ACS, reviews their advantages and disadvantages, discusses their potential pitfalls, and demonstrates emerging data supporting the positive clinical implications of monitoring in vivo platelet activation in the setting of ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Ferroni
- Department of Advanced Biotechnologies and Bioimaging, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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Volpi E, Giusti L, Ciregia F, Da Valle Y, Giannaccini G, Berti S, Clerico A, Lucacchini A. Platelet proteome and clopidogrel response in patients with stable angina undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:758-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Chinese herb and formulas for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and antiplatelet therapies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:184503. [PMID: 22454656 PMCID: PMC3292253 DOI: 10.1155/2012/184503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Atherothrombosis, which directly threatens people's health and lives, is the main cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Platelets play a key role in the development of acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) and contribute to cardiovascular events. Oral antiplatelet drugs are a milestone in the therapy of cardiovascular atherothrombotic diseases. In recent years, many reports have shown the possibility that “resistance” to oral anti-platelet drugs and many adverse reactions, such as serious bleeding risk, which provides an impetus for developing new anti-platelet drugs possesses highly efficiency and fewer adverse effects. Study on the blood stasis syndrome and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is the most active field of research of integration of traditional and western medicine in China. Blood-stasis syndrome and platelet activation have close relationship, many Chinese herb and formulas for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis possess definite anti-platelet effect. This paper covers the progress of anti-platelet mechanism of Chinese herb and formulas for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and is to be deeply discussed in further research.
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Parguiña AF, Grigorian-Shamagian L, Agra RM, López-Otero D, Rosa I, Alonso J, Teijeira-Fernández E, González-Juanatey JR, García Á. Variations in Platelet Proteins Associated With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:2957-64. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.235713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Our aim in this study was to provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms playing a major role in the unwanted platelet activation associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods and Results—
We compared the platelet proteome of 11 STEMI patients to a matched control group of 15 stable chronic ischemic cardiopathy patients. In addition, we did a prospective study to follow the STEMI patients over time. Proteins were separated by high-resolution 2D gel electrophoresis, identified by mass spectrometry, and validated by Western blotting. Platelets from STEMI patients on admission displayed 56 protein spot differences (corresponding to 42 unique genes) compared with the control group. The number of differences decreased with time during the patients' follow-up. Interestingly, the adapter protein CrkL and the active form of Src (phosphorylated in Tyr418) were found to be upregulated in platelets from STEMI patients. Major signaling pathways related to the proteins identified include integrin, integrin-linked kinase, and glycoprotein VI (GPVI) signaling. Interestingly, a study on an independent cohort of patients showed a higher degree of activation of GPVI signaling in STEMI patients.
Conclusion—
CrkL, the active form of Src, and GPVI signaling are upregulated in platelets from STEMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés F. Parguiña
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - Lilian Grigorian-Shamagian
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - Rosa M. Agra
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - Diego López-Otero
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - Isaac Rosa
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - Jana Alonso
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - Elvis Teijeira-Fernández
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
| | - Ángel García
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.) and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) (A.F.P., I.R., A.G.), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain (L.G.-S.); Cardiology Department and Coronary Unit (L.G.-S., R.M.A., D.L.-O., E.T.-F., J.R.G.-J.) and Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (J.A.), Hospital
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Liu Y, Yin HJ, Chen KJ. Research on the correlation between platelet gelsolin and blood-stasis syndrome of coronary heart disease. Chin J Integr Med 2011; 17:587-92. [PMID: 21826592 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-011-0814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the distribution of gelsolin in human platelet and plasma, and the association with blood-stasis syndrome (BSS) of coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS Sixty patients with CHD (30 in BSS group and 30 in non-BSS group) and 30 healthy subjects (control group) were included in this study. The classification of the syndrome was based on clinical symptoms and signs. Gelsolin concentration in platelet rich plasma (PRP), platelet poor plasma (PPP), filamentous actin (F-actin) and group-specific component globulin (Gc-globulin) of PPP were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The fluorescence intensity of CD62p and cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) in human platelets of patients and healthy persons was measured with flow cytometry. RESULTS Compared with the control group, gelsolin in PRP of the BSS group increased significantly (P<0.01), while that in PPP of the BSS and non-BSS groups decreased markedly (P<0.05), the CD62p, [Ca(2+)](i) of platelet, F-actin, and Gc-globulin of the BSS and non-BSS groups increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with the non-BSS group, the gelsolin concentration in PRP of BSS group increased significantly (P<0.01), the [Ca(2+)](i) of platelet of the BSS group increased markedly (P<0.01), while the F-actin and Gc-globulin of the BSS group had no statistical defference (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Gelsolin concentration in PRP was increased and accompanied by the elevated [Ca(2+)](i) of platelet in CHD with BSS, while gelsolin in PPP were lowered markedly. We speculate that plasma gelsolin may clear F-actin from circulation, thus resulting in depletion of plasma gelsolin significantly. This, in addition to the increased calcium influx of platelets, may lead to the gelsolin abnormal expression on platelets during the process of BSS in CHD. Therefore, platelet gelsolin may serve as a new potential biomarker and a therapeutic target of BSS in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Della Corte A, Tamburrelli C, Crescente M, Giordano L, D'Imperio M, Di Michele M, Donati MB, De Gaetano G, Rotilio D, Cerletti C. Platelet proteome in healthy volunteers who smoke. Platelets 2011; 23:91-105. [PMID: 21736419 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2011.587916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Smoking accelerates atherosclerosis and is a well-known risk factor for acute cardiovascular complications; however, the mechanisms of these effects have not been completely clarified. Recently developed proteomic approaches may offer new clues when combined with well-established functional tests. Platelet proteome of healthy smokers and non-smokers was resolved by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, compared by Decyder software and identified by mass spectrometry analysis (nano-LC-MS/MS). In smokers, three proteins (Factor XIII-A subunit, platelet glycoprotein IIb and beta-actin) were significantly up-regulated, whereas WDR1 protein and chaperonine HSP60 were down-regulated. Furthermore, the highest scored network derived by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis using the modulated proteins as input showed the involvement of several proteins to be related to inflammation and apoptosis. Platelet function tests and the levels of markers of platelet and leukocyte activation were not different in smokers vs. non-smoker subjects. The platelet proteomic approach confirms that cigarette smoking triggers several inflammatory reactions and may help clarify some of the molecular mechanisms of smoke effect on cellular systems relevant for vascular integrity and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Della Corte
- Laboratory of Analytical Techniques and Proteomics, Research Laboratories, Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy.
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Siller-Matula JM, Jilma B. Ticagrelor: from discovery to Phase III clinical trial. Future Cardiol 2011; 6:753-64. [PMID: 21142630 DOI: 10.2217/fca.10.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ticagrelor (AZD6140), a cyclopentyl-triazolo-pyrimidine, is the first orally available antagonist of the ADP receptor of the P2Y12 subtype. Ticagrelor inhibits platelets in a reversible manner and does not require hepatic bioactivation. The pharmacology of ticagrelor indicates that it provides more consistent, more rapid and more potent platelet inhibition than clopidogrel. Preclinical and clinical studies with ticagrelor have demonstrated that this drug has excellent oral bioavailability. The Phase III clinical study of Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) has shown that ticagrelor reduced ischemic events and all-cause mortality without an increase in major bleeding complications. Potential advantages of ticagrelor include more flexibility in its use if rapid onset of action is needed before percutaneous coronary interventions or when cessation is required before coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Potential disadvantages include more side effects such as dyspnea, ventricular pauses or an increase in concentrations of uric acid and creatinine. However, ticagrelor did not only reduce death due to vascular causes but also all-cause mortality. Further clinical trials in indications other than acute coronary syndrome are awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta M Siller-Matula
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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