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Wang C, Kaur K, Xu C, Abu-Amer Y, Mbalaviele G. Chemotherapy activates inflammasomes to cause inflammation-associated bone loss. eLife 2024; 13:RP92885. [PMID: 38602733 PMCID: PMC11008812 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a widely used treatment for a variety of solid and hematological malignancies. Despite its success in improving the survival rate of cancer patients, chemotherapy causes significant toxicity to multiple organs, including the skeleton, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Using tumor-free mouse models, which are commonly used to assess direct off-target effects of anti-neoplastic therapies, we found that doxorubicin caused massive bone loss in wild-type mice, a phenotype associated with increased number of osteoclasts, leukopenia, elevated serum levels of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs; e.g. cell-free DNA and ATP) and cytokines (e.g. IL-1β and IL-18). Accordingly, doxorubicin activated the absent in melanoma (AIM2) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in macrophages and neutrophils, causing inflammatory cell death pyroptosis and NETosis, which correlated with its leukopenic effects. Moreover, the effects of this chemotherapeutic agent on cytokine secretion, cell demise, and bone loss were attenuated to various extent in conditions of AIM2 and/or NLRP3 insufficiency. Thus, we found that inflammasomes are key players in bone loss caused by doxorubicin, a finding that may inspire the development of a tailored adjuvant therapy that preserves the quality of this tissue in patients treated with this class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Khushpreet Kaur
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Canxin Xu
- Aclaris Therapeutics, IncSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
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2
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Xu X, Liu R, He A, Wang F. Real-world results of venetoclax combined with hypomethylating agents in young adults with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Hematology 2023; 28:2265206. [PMID: 37796109 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2265206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Young adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often fail to achieve permanent complete remission (CR) and frequently relapse, indicating an urgent need to explore effective salvage therapies. Recent advances in AML treatment have been attributed to the combination of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) with hypomethylating agents (HMAs); however, the use of this combination in young adults with relapsed or refractory (R/R) AML has not been reported. METHODS We retrospectively examined 31 young patients with R/R AML treated with VEN plus an HMA. We evaluated the demographic data, cytogenetic characteristics, AML types, response rates, and transplantation-related data for the patients in our cohort. RESULTS The combination of VEN + HMA yielded a CR rate of 48.4%. The most prominent hematologic adverse event was neutropenia, which occurred in all patients, with 90.3% of cases being grade ≥3. Non-hematologic toxicities were relatively mild and infrequent, with an incidence of 45.2%. More than half of the patients with sustained CR had received an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), of whom two died of transplant-related complications. CONCLUSION Our results showed that the combination of VEN + HMA appeared to be a highly effective and well-tolerated salvage therapy option for young patients with R/R AML, enabling more young patients to proceed to potentially curative allo-HSCT. However, additional, well-designed studies with larger numbers of patients are required to confirm the advantages of VEN + HMA in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili He
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangxia Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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3
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Wooten SV, Wang F, Roth ME, Liu G, Livingston JA, Amini B, Gilchrist SC, Hildebrandt M, Kleinerman ES. Early skeletal muscle loss in adolescent and young adult cancer patients treated with anthracycline chemotherapy. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20798-20809. [PMID: 37902220 PMCID: PMC10709738 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early skeletal muscle loss has been observed in adolescent and young adult (AYA) sarcoma patients undergoing treatment. Identification of individuals within the AYA populace that are at greatest risk of anthracycline-induced skeletal muscle loss is unknown. Moreover, investigations which seek out underlying causes of skeletal muscle degradation during chemotherapy are critical for understanding, preventing, and reducing chronic health conditions associated with poor skeletal muscle status. METHODS Computed tomography (CT) scans were used to investigate changes in skeletal muscle of 153 AYA sarcoma and Hodgkin lymphoma patients at thoracic vertebra 4 after anthracycline treatment. Images were examined at three time points during the first year of treatment. In parallel, we used translational juvenile mouse models to assess the impact of doxorubicin (DOX) in the soleus and gastrocnemius on muscle wasting. RESULTS Significant reductions in total skeletal muscle index and density were seen after chemotherapy in AYA cancer patients (p < 0.01 & p = 0.04, respectively). The severity of skeletal muscle loss varied by subgroup (i.e., cancer type, sex, and treatment). Murine models demonstrated a reduction in skeletal muscle fiber cross-sectional area, increased apoptosis and collagen volume for both the soleus and gastrocnemius after DOX treatment (all p < 0.05). After DOX, hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow was significantly reduced (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Significant skeletal muscle loss is experienced early during treatment in AYA cancer patients. Reductions in skeletal muscle blood flow may be a key contributing factor to anthracycline doxorubicin induced skeletal muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah V. Wooten
- Department of Pediatrics ResearchThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics ResearchThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Michael E. Roth
- Department of Pediatrics ResearchThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Guanshu Liu
- Department of Pediatrics ResearchThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - J. Andrew Livingston
- Department of Pediatrics ResearchThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Sarcoma Medical OncologyThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Behrang Amini
- Department of Musculoskeletal ImagingThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Susan C. Gilchrist
- Department of CardiologyThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Michelle Hildebrandt
- Department of Lymphoma/MyelomaThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Eugenie S. Kleinerman
- Department of Pediatrics ResearchThe University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
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4
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Derenzini E, Gueli A, Risso A, Bruna R, Gottardi D, Cignetti A, Pileri S, Avvedimento EV, Tarella C. Long telomeres at baseline and male sex are main determinants of telomere loss following chemotherapy exposure in lymphoma patients. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:335-342. [PMID: 36533316 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy (CHT) exposure is an established cause of telomere attrition, determinants of telomere length (TL) dynamics after chemotherapy are poorly defined. In this study, we analyzed granulocyte telomere dynamics in 34 adult lymphoma patients undergoing first-line CHT. TL was measured by southern blot at each CHT cycle and after 1 year from CHT completion. Median age was 59 yrs (range 22-77). Median number of CHT cycles was 6 (range 3-6). The majority of patients (79%, n = 27) experienced TL shortening following CHT exposure. Mean telomere loss was 673 base pairs (bp) by cycle 6. Telomere shortening was an early event as 87% of the total telomere loss (mean 586 bp) occurred by the end of cycle 3, with no significant recovery after 1 year. A significant correlation was observed between baseline TL and total or fractional telomere loss (p < 0.001), with telomere shortening by cycle 3 observed predominantly in male patients with long telomeres at pre-treatment evaluation. Stratifying the analysis by gender and age only young women (<51 years of age) did not show significant telomere shortening following chemotherapy exposure. These findings indicate that gender and baseline TL are major determinants of TL dynamics following chemotherapy exposure in lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Derenzini
- Onco-Hematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Gueli
- Internal Medicine Unit, Ciriè Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Risso
- Division of Gastroenterology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bruna
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and Ospedale Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Daniela Gottardi
- Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O.U. S. Giovanni Battista A.O. Mauriziano-Umberto I, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O.U. S. Giovanni Battista A.O. Mauriziano-Umberto I, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Pileri
- Division of diagnostic Haematopathology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico V Avvedimento
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Onco-Hematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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5
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Gao A, Zhang L, Zhong D. Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia: literature review. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 36695938 PMCID: PMC9877263 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common condition that frequently results in reduced chemotherapy dosages, postponed treatment, bleeding, and unfavorable oncological outcomes. At present, there is no clear suggestions for preventing or treating CIT. Thrombopoietin (TPO) replacement therapy has been invented and used to treat CIT to promote the production of megakaryocytes and stimulate the formation of platelets. However, this treatment is limited to the risk of immunogenicity and cancer progression. Therefore, an unmet need exists for exploring alternatives to TPO to address the clinical issue of CIT. Application of appropriate therapeutic drugs may be due to understanding the potential mechanisms of CIT. Studies have shown that chemotherapy significantly affects various cells in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, reduces their ability to support normal hematopoiesis, and may lead to BM damage, including CIT in cancer patients. This review focuses on the epidemiology and treatment of cancer patients with CIT. We also introduce some recent progress to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chemotherapy inhibiting normal hematopoiesis and causing thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshandao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshandao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Diansheng Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshandao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
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Miglietta F, Iamartino L, Palmini G, Giusti F, Marini F, Iantomasi T, Brandi ML. Endocrine sequelae of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Effects on mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1085315. [PMID: 36714597 PMCID: PMC9877332 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1085315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established therapeutic strategy for the treatment of malignant (leukemia and lymphoma) and non-malignant (thalassemia, anemia, and immunodeficiency) hematopoietic diseases. Thanks to the improvement in patient care and the development of more tolerable conditioning treatments, which has extended the applicability of therapy to the elderly, a growing number of patients have successfully benefited from HSCT therapy and, more importantly, HSCT transplant-related mortality has consistently reduced in recent years. However, concomitantly to long term patient survival, a growing incidence of late HSCT-related sequelae has been reported, being variably associated with negative effects on quality of life of patients and having a non-negligible impact on healthcare systems. The most predominantly observed HSCT-caused complications are chronic alterations of the endocrine system and metabolism, which endanger post-operative quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality of transplanted patients. Here, we specifically review the current knowledge on HSCT-derived side-effects on the perturbation of mineral metabolism; in particular, the homeostasis of calcium, focusing on current reports regarding osteoporosis and recurrent renal dysfunctions that have been observed in a percentage of HSC-transplanted patients. Possible secondary implications of conditioning treatments for HSCT on the physiology of the parathyroid glands and calcium homeostasis, alone or in association with HSCT-caused renal and bone defects, are critically discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Miglietta
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Iamartino
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gaia Palmini
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Giusti
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Marini
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus (Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases), Florence, Italy
| | - Teresa Iantomasi
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus (Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases), Florence, Italy
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7
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Bolzán AD. Mutagen-induced telomere instability in human cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2021; 868-869:503387. [PMID: 34454696 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Telomere instability is one of the main sources of genome instability and may result from chromosome end loss (due to chromosome breakage at one or both ends) or, more frequently, telomere dysfunction. Dysfunctional telomeres arise when they lose their end-capping function or become critically short, which causes chromosomal termini to behave like a DNA double-strand break. Telomere instability may occur at the chromosomal or at the molecular level, giving rise, respectively, to telomere-related chromosomal aberrations or the loss or modification of any of the components of the telomere (telomere DNA, telomere-associated proteins, or telomere RNA). Since telomeres play a fundamental role in maintaining genome stability, the study of telomere instability in cells exposed to mutagens is of great importance to understand the telomere-driven genomic instability present in those cells. In the present review, we will focus on the current knowledge about telomere instability induced by physical, chemical, and biological mutagens in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro D Bolzán
- Laboratorio de Citogenética y Mutagénesis, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE, CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), calle 526 y Camino General Belgrano, B1906APO La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, calle 60 y 122, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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8
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Antiaging Effects of Vicatia thibetica de Boiss Root Extract on Caenorhabditis elegans and Doxorubicin-Induced Premature Aging in Adult Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9942090. [PMID: 34413931 PMCID: PMC8369193 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9942090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The roots of Vicatia thibetica de Boiss are a kind of Chinese herb with homology of medicine and food. This is the first report showing the property of the extract of Vicatia thibetica de Boiss roots (HLB01) to extend the lifespan as well as promote the healthy parameters in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). For doxorubicin- (Doxo-) induced premature aging in adult mice, HLB01 counteracted the senescence-associated biomarkers, including P21 and γH2AX. Interestingly, HLB01 promoted the expression of collagen in C. elegans and mammalian cell systemically, which might be one of the essential factors to exert the antiaging effects. In addition, HLB01 was also found as a scavenger of free radicals, thereby performing the antioxidant ability. Lifespan extension by HLB01 was also dependent on DAF-16 and HSF-1 via oxidative stress resistance and heat stress resistance. Taken together, overall data suggested that HLB01 could extend the lifespan and healthspan of C. elegans and resist Doxo-induced senescence in mice via promoting the expression of collagen, antioxidant potential, and stress resistance.
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9
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Khan Z, Agarwal NB, Bhurani D, Khan MA. Risk Factors for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation-Associated Bone Loss. Transplant Cell Ther 2021; 27:212-221. [PMID: 33045384 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), including bone marrow transplantation, is the treatment of choice for many hematologic diseases, including hematologic malignancies and different types of anemia. The use of HSCT is increasing annually, mainly because advanced research that has been conducted in this area has exponentially expanded the indications for HSCT and significantly improved transplantation techniques and supportive care practices. Collectively, these improvements have led to an increase in the overall survival of HSCT patients. However, as post-HSCT survival is increasing, awareness of the potential late complications of HSCT is also growing. Unpredictable bone loss is one of the major post-HSCT complications that can cause significant morbidity and impair the quality of life of survivors. Although the exact mechanism of post-HSCT bone loss is not yet known, previous studies have suggested that numerous factors, including destructive preparative regimens (eg, high-dose chemotherapy, total body irradiation), treatment-related complications (eg, graft-versus-host disease), endocrine abnormalities (eg, diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal insufficiency), lack of physical activity, and the underlying disease itself are responsible for HSCT-associated bone loss. Sufficient data have been collected to suggest that post-HSCT bone loss can be prevented and treated using the same preventive and treatment modalities as used for the general population. Various guidelines have been formulated to help keep a check on HSCT recipients' deteriorating bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehva Khan
- Centre for Translational & Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi B Agarwal
- Centre for Translational & Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Bhurani
- Department of Hemato-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Ashif Khan
- Centre for Translational & Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
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Rafieemehr H, Maleki Behzad M, Azandeh S, Farshchi N, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Saki N. Chemo/radiotherapy-Induced Bone Marrow Niche Alterations. Cancer Invest 2020; 39:180-194. [PMID: 33225760 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1855353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) niche is a specific microenvironment for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as non-hematopoietic cells. Evidence shows that chemo/radiotherapy can lead to the disruption of different properties of HSCs such as proliferation, differentiation, localization, self-renewa, and steady-state of cell populations. Investigations have shown that the deregulation of balance within the marrow cavity due to chemo/radiotherapy could lead to bone loss, abnormal hematopoiesis, and enhanced differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells towards the adipogenic lineage. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of chemo/radiotherapy induced BM niche changes may lead to the application of appropriate therapeutic agents to prevent BM niche defects. Highlights Chemo/radiotherapy disrupts the steady-state of bone marrow niche cells and result in deregulation of normal balance of stromal cell populations. Chemo/radiotherapy agents play a significant role in reducing of bone formation as well as fat accumulation in the bone marrow niche. Targeting molecular pathways may lead to recovery of bone marrow niches after chemo/radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rafieemehr
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masumeh Maleki Behzad
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeed Azandeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicin, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Farshchi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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11
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Alhareeri AA, Archer KJ, Fu H, Lyon DE, Elswick RK, Kelly DL, Starkweather AR, Elmore LW, Bokhari YA, Jackson-Cook CK. Telomere lengths in women treated for breast cancer show associations with chemotherapy, pain symptoms, and cognitive domain measures: a longitudinal study. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:137. [PMID: 33276807 PMCID: PMC7716505 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Survival rates for breast cancer (BC) have improved, but quality of life post-diagnosis/treatment can be adversely affected, with survivors reporting a constellation of psychoneurological symptoms (PNS) including stress, anxiety, depression, pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and cognitive dysfunction. Methods To assess a potential relationship between telomere length (TL) and the development/persistence of PNS, we longitudinally studied 70 women (ages 23–71) with early stage BC (I-IIIA) at 5 time-points: prior to treatment (baseline), the mid-point of their chemotherapy cycle, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years following the initiation of chemotherapy. Measures quantified included assessments of each of the PNS noted above and TL [using both a multiplex qPCR assay and a chromosome-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay]. Results Variables associated with qPCR mean TLs were age (p = 0.004) and race (T/S ratios higher in Blacks than Whites; p = 0.019). Significant differences (mostly decreases) in chromosome-specific TLs were identified for 32 of the 46 chromosomal arms at the mid-chemo time-point (p = 0.004 to 0.049). Unexpectedly, the sequential administration of doxorubicin [Adriamycin], cyclophosphamide [Cytoxan], and docetaxel [Taxotere] (TAC regimen) was consistently associated with higher TLs, when compared to TLs in women receiving a docetaxel [Taxotere], Carboplatin [Paraplatin], and trastuzumab [Herceptin] [TCH] chemotherapy regimen [association was shown with both the qPCR and FISH assays (p = 0.036)]. Of the PNS, pain was significantly negatively associated with TL (higher pain; shorter telomeres) for a subset of chromosomal arms (5q, 8p, 13p, 20p, 22p, Xp, Xq) (p = 0.014–0.047). Chromosomal TLs were also associated with 7 of the 8 cognitive domains evaluated, with the strongest relationship being noted for chromosome 17 and the visual memory domain (shorter telomeres; lower scores). Conclusions We showed that race and age were significantly associated with telomere length in women treated for early stage BC and that acquired telomere alterations differed based on the woman’s treatment regimen. Our study also demonstrated that pain and cognitive domain measures were significantly related to telomere values in this study cohort. Expanding upon the knowledge gained from this longitudinal study could provide insight about the biological cascade of events that contribute to PNS related to BC and/or its treatment. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-020-01368-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej A Alhareeri
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 737 North 5th Street, Biotech 8, Suite 104, Richmond, VA, 23129, USA.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kellie J Archer
- Division of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Han Fu
- Division of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Debra E Lyon
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - R K Elswick
- Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Debra L Kelly
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Yahya A Bokhari
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Colleen K Jackson-Cook
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 737 North 5th Street, Biotech 8, Suite 104, Richmond, VA, 23129, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. .,Member of the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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12
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Shachar SS, Deal AM, Reeder-Hayes KE, Nyrop KA, Mitin N, Anders CK, Carey LA, Dees EC, Jolly TA, Kimmick GG, Karuturi MS, Reinbolt RE, Speca JC, Muss HB. Effects of Breast Cancer Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens on Expression of the Aging Biomarker, p16INK4a. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2020; 4:pkaa082. [PMID: 33409457 PMCID: PMC7771421 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although chemotherapy saves lives, increasing evidence shows that chemotherapy accelerates aging. We previously demonstrated that mRNA expression of p16INK4a , a biomarker of senescence and molecular aging, increased early and dramatically after beginning adjuvant anthracycline-based regimens in early stage breast cancer patients. Here, we determined if changes in p16INK4a expression vary by chemotherapy regimen among early stage breast cancer patients. METHODS We conducted a study of stage I-III breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. p16INK4a expression was analyzed prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy (median 6.2 months after the last chemotherapy) in peripheral blood T lymphocytes. Chemotherapy-induced change in p16INK4a expression was compared among regimens. All statistical tests were 2-sided. RESULTS In 146 women, chemotherapy was associated with a statistically significant increase in p16INK4a expression (accelerated aging of 17 years; P < .001). Anthracycline-based regimens were associated with the largest increases (accelerated aging of 23 to 26 years; P ≤ .008). Nonanthracycline-based regimens demonstrated a much smaller increase (accelerated aging of 9 to 11 years; P ≤ .15). In addition to the type of chemotherapy regimen, baseline p16INK4a levels, but not chronologic age or race, were also associated with the magnitude of increases in p16INK4a . Patients with lower p16INK4a levels at baseline were more likely to experience larger increases. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the aging effects of chemotherapy may be influenced by both chemotherapy type and the patient's baseline p16INK4a level. Measurement of p16INK4a expression is not currently available in the clinic, but nonanthracycline regimens offering similar efficacy as anthracycline regimens might be favored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison M Deal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine E Reeder-Hayes
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kirsten A Nyrop
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa A Carey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - E Claire Dees
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Trevor A Jolly
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Raquel E Reinbolt
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Hyman B Muss
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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13
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Dominic A, Hamilton D, Abe JI. Mitochondria and chronic effects of cancer therapeutics: The clinical implications. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 51:884-889. [PMID: 33079380 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the major mechanisms of action of chemo-radiation is to induce cellular senescence, which exerts crucial roles in age-related pathology. The concept of senescence is evolved, and the novel understanding of senescence-associated reprogramming/stemness has emerged. This new concept emphasizes senescence as not only cell cycle arrest but describes that subsets of senescent cells induced by chemotherapy can re-enter cell cycles, proliferate rapidly, and acquire "stemness" status. Cancer therapeutics, including chemo-radiation triggers toxicity effects through damaging mitochondria, primarily through the upregulation of mtROS production leading to subsequent mtDNA and telomeric DNA damage elicitng DNA damage responses (DDR). The ultimate goal of this review is to highlight the new concept of senescence-associated stemness that is induced by cancer treatment and its adverse effects on the vascular system. We will describe how chemo-radiation exerts toxicity effects by simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species in mitochondria and promoting DDR in the nucleus. We discuss the potential of clinical targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase which might prevent downstream mitochondrial dysfunction and confer protection to cancer survivors. Overall we emphasize the importance of recognizing the consequences of cardio-toxic effects of several cancer treatments and therefore developing personalized therapeutic approaches to screen for inflammatory and cardiac testing for better patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abishai Dominic
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dale Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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14
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Can Denosumab be used in combination with Doxorubicin in Osteosarcoma? Oncotarget 2020; 11:2763-2773. [PMID: 32733647 PMCID: PMC7367655 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone tumor of the pediatric age. It is therefore important to improve conventional therapies (chemotherapy and surgery). Anticancer drugs often cause osteoporosis due to a misbalance of RANK/RANK-L/OPG pathway. Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody with high affinity and specificity to RANK-L, the ligand released by osteoblasts that enhances osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption. It is used in osteoporosis and in other conditions characterized by bone mass loss. Doxorubicin is a chemotherapic drug used in several kinds of tumors, and also patients treated with it often develop osteoporosis. We investigated the effects of Denosumab alone and in combination with Doxorubicin, in two human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG63 and U-2 OS). We evaluated the effect of these treatments on apoptosis, cell cycle progression, invasion capacity and bone metabolism. We observed for the first time an anti-invasive effect of Denosumab in OS cells and confirmed its anti-osteoporotic activity also in Osteosarcoma. On the other hand, we demonstrate that Denosumab not only does not affect apoptosis and cell cycle progression, but when used in combination with Doxorubicin, it causes an unexpected reduction of its activity. These results indicate that the presence of Denosumab might inhibit the efficacy of the chemotherapic drug. In conclusion, while our results certainly support and confirm the efficacy of Denosumab in Osteoporosis, we discourage the use of Denosumab in addition to conventional chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma, even though, certainly further investigations are necessary to better clarify the clinical role of this monoclonal antibody in cancer.
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15
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Guida JL, Ahles TA, Belsky D, Campisi J, Cohen HJ, DeGregori J, Fuldner R, Ferrucci L, Gallicchio L, Gavrilov L, Gavrilova N, Green PA, Jhappan C, Kohanski R, Krull K, Mandelblatt J, Ness KK, O'Mara A, Price N, Schrack J, Studenski S, Theou O, Tracy RP, Hurria A. Measuring Aging and Identifying Aging Phenotypes in Cancer Survivors. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 111:1245-1254. [PMID: 31321426 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational data have shown that some cancer survivors develop chronic conditions like frailty, sarcopenia, cardiac dysfunction, and mild cognitive impairment earlier and/or at a greater burden than similarly aged individuals never diagnosed with cancer or exposed to systemic or targeted cancer therapies. In aggregate, cancer- and treatment-related physical, cognitive, and psychosocial late- and long-term morbidities experienced by cancer survivors are hypothesized to represent accelerated or accentuated aging trajectories. However, conceptual, measurement, and methodological challenges have constrained efforts to identify, predict, and mitigate aging-related consequences of cancer and cancer treatment. In July 2018, the National Cancer Institute convened basic, clinical, and translational science experts for a think tank titled "Measuring Aging and Identifying Aging Phenotypes in Cancer Survivors." Through the resulting deliberations, several research and resource needs were identified, including longitudinal studies to examine aging trajectories that include detailed data from before, during, and after cancer treatment; mechanistic studies to elucidate the pathways that lead to the emergence of aging phenotypes in cancer survivors; long-term clinical surveillance to monitor survivors for late-emerging effects; and tools to integrate multiple data sources to inform understanding of how cancer and its therapies contribute to the aging process. Addressing these needs will help expand the evidence base and inform strategies to optimize healthy aging of cancer survivors.
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16
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Bashiri Dezfouli A, Salar-Amoli J, Pourfathollah AA, Yazdi M, Nikougoftar-Zarif M, Khosravi M, Hassan J. Doxorubicin-induced senescence through NF-κB affected by the age of mouse mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2336-2349. [PMID: 31517394 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The senescence is proposed as a defense mechanism against many anticancer drugs. This complication is marked by differences in cell appearance and inner structures underlying the impairment in function. In this experiment, doxorubicin-induced senescence was assessed in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from the bone marrow of different-aged Balb/c mice (1, 8, and 16 months old). In addition, doxorubicin kinetics in culture medium were investigated to compare the drug absorption rate by different-aged MSCs. Several methods were exerted including Sandwich ELISA for NF-κB activation, propidium iodide staining for cell cycle analysis, Flow-fluorescent in-situ hybridization (Flow-FISH) assay for telomere length measurement, and specific staining for evaluation of β-galactosidase. Determination of doxorubicin in a medium was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography technique. Following doxorubicin exposure, cells underwent substantial telomere shortening, cell cycle arresting in G2 phase, and increased β-galactosidase activity. Interestingly, the enhanced level of NF-κB was observed in all age groups. The highest and lowest sensitivity to telomere shortening attributed to 1- and 8-month-old MSCs, respectively. In consistent with Flow-FISH results, the β-galactosidase activity was higher in young-aged MSCs after treatment. Statistical analysis indicated a correlation between the reduction of telomere length and cessation in G2 phase. Regarding the obtained kinetics equations, the rate of doxorubicin absorption by all aged MSCs followed the same trend. In conclusion, the changing of some elements involved in doxorubicin-induced senescence can be affected by the age of the cells significantly in young MSCs than two other age groups. Hereupon, these changing patterns can open new insights to develop anticancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Salar-Amoli
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Pourfathollah
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Yazdi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahin Nikougoftar-Zarif
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jalal Hassan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Pan Y, Zhao A, Zhong Z, Pan X, Cai S. Ganoderma spore lipid protects mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoiesis from the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2869. [PMID: 31207156 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapeutic agents are frequently toxic to bone marrow and impair bone marrow functions. It is unclear whether ganoderma spore lipid (GSL) can protect bone marrow cells from the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy. To investigate the protective effects of GSL on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoiesis, we examined the effects of GSL on MSCs in vitro and hematopoiesis in vivo after treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide. MSCs and peripheral blood cells were isolated and counted from the bone marrow of normal mice were pre-treated with GSL before CTX treatment or co-treated with GSL and CTX, followed by examining the changes in phenotype, morphology, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation potentials. The results showed that GSL could reduce the CTX-induced changes in the phenotype of MSCs and maintain the elongated fibroblast-like morphology. MTT and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) analyses found that GSL pre-treatment and co-treatment increased the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis in CTX-treated MSCs. Furthermore, GSL improved the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potentials of CTX-treated MSCs. In vivo, GSL treatment increased the number of peripheral blood cells including white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) in the CTX-treated mice and enhanced the in vitro formation of hematopoietic lineage colonies (erythrocyte colony forming unit, CFU-E; erythroid burst-forming units, BFU-E; and granulocyte macrophage colony-forming units, CFU-GM) from bone marrow cells in these mice. These findings suggest GSL could protect MSCs and hematopoiesis from the cytotoxicity of CTX and might become an effective adjuvant to attenuate side effects of chemotherapy during cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Andong Zhao
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The 1st Affiliate Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sa Cai
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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18
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Derenzini E, Risso A, Ruella M, Spatola T, Milone G, Pioltelli P, Iori AP, Santarone S, Bosi A, Rambaldi A, Bacigalupo AP, Arcese W, Tarella C. Influence of Donor and Recipient Gender on Telomere Maintenance after Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Transplantation: A Study by the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Di Midollo Osseo. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019; 25:1387-1394. [PMID: 30935966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physiologic loss of telomerase activity in adult life determines progressive telomere length (TL) shortening. Inflammation and oxidative damage are established causes of TL loss; moreover, males have shorter telomeres compared with females. Despite these notions, mechanisms regulating TL maintenance are poorly defined. Because umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells harbor very long telomeres, not yet exposed to environmental damages, UCB transplantation (UCBT) provides a unique experimental setting to study determinants of TL in humans. TL dynamics were analyzed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) from 36 patients (median age, 42 years) undergoing UCBT. TL was studied at a median of 20 months after UCBT. A significantly longer TL (mean, 8698 bp; range, 6521 to 11,960) was documented in UCBT recipients compared with age-matched healthy control subjects (mean, 7396 bp; range, 4375 to 11,108; P < .01). Among variables potentially influencing TL maintenance, including recipient features, graft type, transplant procedure, and engraftment kinetics, only donor-recipient gender combination was associated with TL, with the longest TL in women receiving male UCB (mean, 10,063 bp; range, 8381 to 11,960). To further investigate this trend, telomerase activation was assessed in vitro. Experiments showed that telomerase subunits were preferentially upregulated in male-derived bone marrow MNCs exposed ex vivo to estradiol as compared with female MNCs. This implies an increased sensitivity of male-derived MNCs to telomerase activation induced by estradiol. The results suggest that extrinsic and modifiable factors such as hormonal status and female milieu could be major determinants of TL in humans, providing the rationale for investigating hormonal-based approaches to counteract telomere erosion and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Derenzini
- Oncohematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Risso
- Molecular Biotechnology Center Hematology & Cell Therapy Unit at Mauriziano H., Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Ruella
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies & Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tiziana Spatola
- Molecular Biotechnology Center Hematology & Cell Therapy Unit at Mauriziano H., Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Milone
- Hematology and BMT Unit, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Anna Paola Iori
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotech & Hematol, 'Sapienza' University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stella Santarone
- Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Spirito Santo Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Alberto Bosi
- Hematology Department, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - William Arcese
- Hematology Division-Stem Cell Transplant Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Oncohematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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19
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Fuentealba M, Dönertaş HM, Williams R, Labbadia J, Thornton JM, Partridge L. Using the drug-protein interactome to identify anti-ageing compounds for humans. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006639. [PMID: 30625143 PMCID: PMC6342327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancing age is the dominant risk factor for most of the major killer diseases in developed countries. Hence, ameliorating the effects of ageing may prevent multiple diseases simultaneously. Drugs licensed for human use against specific diseases have proved to be effective in extending lifespan and healthspan in animal models, suggesting that there is scope for drug repurposing in humans. New bioinformatic methods to identify and prioritise potential anti-ageing compounds for humans are therefore of interest. In this study, we first used drug-protein interaction information, to rank 1,147 drugs by their likelihood of targeting ageing-related gene products in humans. Among 19 statistically significant drugs, 6 have already been shown to have pro-longevity properties in animal models (p < 0.001). Using the targets of each drug, we established their association with ageing at multiple levels of biological action including pathways, functions and protein interactions. Finally, combining all the data, we calculated a ranked list of drugs that identified tanespimycin, an inhibitor of HSP-90, as the top-ranked novel anti-ageing candidate. We experimentally validated the pro-longevity effect of tanespimycin through its HSP-90 target in Caenorhabditis elegans. Human life expectancy is continuing to increase worldwide, as a result of successive improvements in living conditions and medical care. Although this trend is to be celebrated, advancing age is the major risk factor for multiple impairments and chronic diseases. As a result, the later years of life are often spent in poor health and lowered quality of life. However, these effects of ageing are not inevitable, because very long-lived people often suffer rather little ill-health at the end of their lives. Furthermore, laboratory experiments have shown that animals fed with specific drugs can live longer and with fewer age-related diseases than their untreated companions. We therefore need to identify drugs with anti-ageing properties for humans. We have used publically available data and a computer-based approach to search for drugs that affect components and processes known to be important in human ageing. This approach worked, because it was able to re-discover several drugs known to increase lifespan in animal models, plus some new ones, including one that we tested experimentally and validated in this study. These drugs are now a high priority for animal testing and for exploring effects on human ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Fuentealba
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Handan Melike Dönertaş
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rhianna Williams
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johnathan Labbadia
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M. Thornton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
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20
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May JE, Donaldson C, Gynn L, Morse HR. Chemotherapy-induced genotoxic damage to bone marrow cells: long-term implications. Mutagenesis 2019; 33:241-251. [PMID: 30239865 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gey014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) within the bone marrow (BM) are vitally important in forming the micro-environment supporting haematopoiesis after myeloablative chemotherapy. MSCs are known to be damaged phenotypically and functionally by chemotherapy; however, to the best our knowledge, the persistence of genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on the BM micro-environment has not been studied. We therefore aimed to evaluate genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on the BM both in vitro and in vivo, using the comet and micronucleus assays, focussing on the persistence of DNA lesions that may contribute to complications in the patient. The MSC cell line (HS-5) and primary cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs: a source of undamaged DNA) were exposed to the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide (CY) within a physiologically relevant in vitro model. CY treatment resulted in significant increases in CBMNC DNA damage at all time points tested (3-48 h exposure). Similarly, HS-5 cells exposed to CY exhibited significant increases in DNA damage as measured by the comet assay, with increased numbers of abnormal cells visible in the micronucleus assay. In addition, even 48 h after removal of 48-h CY treatment, DNA damage remains significantly increased in treated cells relative to controls. In patients treated with chemotherapy for haematological malignancy, highly significant increases in damaged DNA were seen in BM cells isolated from one individual 1 year after completion of therapy for acute leukaemia compared with pretreatment (P < 0.001). Similarly, two individuals treated 7 and 17 years previously with chemotherapy exhibited significant increases of damaged DNA in MSC compared with untreated age- and sex-matched controls (P < 0.05). Unlike haematopoietic cells, MSCs are not replaced following a stem cell transplant. Therefore, long-term damage to MSC may impact on engraftment of either allogeneic or autologous transplants. In addition, persistence of DNA lesions may lead to genetic instability, correlating with the significant number of chemotherapy-treated individuals who have therapy-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E May
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, UK
| | - Craig Donaldson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - Liana Gynn
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, UK
| | - H Ruth Morse
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, UK
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21
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Carroll JE, Van Dyk K, Bower JE, Scuric Z, Petersen L, Schiestl R, Irwin MR, Ganz PA. Cognitive performance in survivors of breast cancer and markers of biological aging. Cancer 2018; 125:298-306. [PMID: 30474160 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological aging pathways accelerated by cancer treatments may be a mechanism for cognitive impairment in cancer survivors. The goal of the current study was to examine whether indicators of biological aging, namely elevated levels of DNA damage, reduced telomerase enzymatic activity, and shorter peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) telomere length (TL) would be related to cognitive function in a cohort of survivors of breast cancer. METHODS The authors evaluated a cross-sectional sample of 94 women aged 36 to 69 years who were treated for early-stage breast cancer 3 to 6 years previously. Leukocyte DNA damage, PBMC telomerase enzymatic activity, PBMC TL, and the inflammatory marker soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II (sTNF-RII) were determined from blood samples. Cognitive function was assessed using a neuropsychological test battery and self-report. Linear regression models examined the relationship between biological aging predictors and cognitive outcomes. RESULTS Both higher DNA damage and lower telomerase were found to be statistically significantly related to lower executive function scores adjusting for age, body mass index, race, years from treatment, and intelligence score (standardized coefficients [B], -0.23 and 0.30; all P values <.05). In addition, lower telomerase activity was associated with worse attention and motor speed scores (B values, 0.30 and 0.24; P <.05). sTNF-RII and TL were found to be unrelated to any of the neurocognitive domains. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study suggest a significant association between measures of biological aging and objective measures of cognitive performance in survivors of breast cancer. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm a causal role of biological aging as a driver of declines in cognitive function after cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kathleen Van Dyk
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Julienne E Bower
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zorica Scuric
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Environmental Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Laura Petersen
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert Schiestl
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Environmental Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Nebigil CG, Désaubry L. Updates in Anthracycline-Mediated Cardiotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1262. [PMID: 30483123 PMCID: PMC6240592 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is one of the main adverse effects of chemotheraphy, affecting the completion of cancer therapies and the short- and long-term quality of life. Anthracyclines are currently used to treat many cancers, including the various forms of leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, uterine, breast, and gastric cancers. World Health Organization registered anthracyclines in the list of essential medicines. However, anthracyclines display a major cardiotoxicity that can ultimately culminate in congestive heart failure. Taking into account the growing rate of cancer survivorship, the clinical significance of anthracycline cardiotoxicity is an emerging medical issue. In this review, we focus on the key progenitor cells and cardiac cells (cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular cells), focusing on the signaling pathways involved in cellular damage, and the clinical biomarkers in anthracycline-mediated cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan G Nebigil
- CNRS, Laboratory of Biomolecules, UMR 7203, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- CNRS, Laboratory of Biomolecules, UMR 7203, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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23
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Dalmasso B, Hatse S, Brouwers B, Laenen A, Berben L, Kenis C, Smeets A, Neven P, Schöffski P, Wildiers H. Age-related microRNAs in older breast cancer patients: biomarker potential and evolution during adjuvant chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1014. [PMID: 30348127 PMCID: PMC6196565 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of cellular function and have been associated with both aging and cancer, but the impact of chemotherapy on age-related miRNAs has barely been studied. Our aim was to examine whether chemotherapy accelerates the aging process in elderly breast cancer patients using miRNA expression profiling. Methods We monitored age-related miRNAs in blood of women, aged 70 or older, receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (docetaxel and cyclophosphamide, TC) for invasive breast cancer (chemo group, CTG, n = 46). A control group of older breast cancer patients without chemotherapy was included for comparison (control group, CG, n = 43). All patients underwent geriatric assessment at inclusion (T0), after 3 months (T1) and 1 year (T2). Moreover, we analysed the serum expression of nine age-related miRNAs (miR-20a, miR-30b, miR-34a, miR-106b, miR-191, miR-301a, miR-320b, miR-374a, miR-378a) at each timepoint. Results Except for miR-106b, which behaved slightly different in CTG compared to CG, all miRNAs showed moderate fluctuations during the study course with no significant differences between groups. Several age-related miRNAs correlated with clinical frailty (miR-106b, miR-191, miR-301a, miR-320b, miR-374a), as well as with other biomarkers of aging, particularly Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) (miR-106b, miR-301a, miR-374a-5p, miR-378a-3p). Moreover, based on their ‘aging miRNA’ profiles, patients clustered into two distinct groups exhibiting significantly different results for several biological/clinical aging parameters. Conclusions These results further corroborate our earlier report, stating that adjuvant TC chemotherapy does not significantly boost aging progression in elderly breast cancer patients. Our findings also endorsed specific age-related miRNAs as promising aging/frailty biomarkers in oncogeriatric populations. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00849758. Registered on 20 February 2009. This clinical trial was registered prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dalmasso
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Leuven, KU, Belgium. .,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium. .,Genetics of Rare Cancers, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Leuven, KU, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Barbara Brouwers
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Leuven, KU, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annouschka Laenen
- Interuniversity Centre for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieze Berben
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Leuven, KU, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cindy Kenis
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Smeets
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Schöffski
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Leuven, KU, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Leuven, KU, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
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Cappetta D, Rossi F, Piegari E, Quaini F, Berrino L, Urbanek K, De Angelis A. Doxorubicin targets multiple players: A new view of an old problem. Pharmacol Res 2018; 127:4-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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25
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Insights into defective serological memory after acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treatment: The role of the plasma cell survival niche, memory B-cells and gut microbiota in vaccine responses. Blood Rev 2018; 32:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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The impact of adjuvant chemotherapy in older breast cancer patients on clinical and biological aging parameters. Oncotarget 2017; 7:29977-88. [PMID: 27102154 PMCID: PMC5058657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on biological and clinical markers of aging and frailty. Methods Women ≥ 70 years old with early breast cancer were enrolled after surgery and assigned to a chemotherapy (Docetaxel and Cyclophosphamide) group (CTG, n=57) or control group (CG, n=52) depending on their planned adjuvant treatment. Full geriatric assessment (GA) and Quality of Life (QoL) were evaluated at inclusion (T0), after 3 months (T1) and at 1 year (T2). Blood samples were collected to measure leukocyte telomere length (LTL), levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other circulating markers potentially informative for aging and frailty: Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1), Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP-1) and Regulated on Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES). Results LTL decreased significantly but comparably in both groups, whereas IL-6 was unchanged at T2. However, IL-10, TNF-α, IGF-1 and MCP-1 suggested a minor biological aging effect of chemotherapy. Clinical frailty and QoL decreased at T1 in the CTG, but recovered at T2, while remaining stable in the CG. Conclusion Chemotherapy (TC) is unlikely to amplify clinical aging or induce frailty at 1 year. Accordingly, there is no impact on the most established aging biomarkers (LTL, IL-6).
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Evaluation of age effects on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in mesenchymal stem cells. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2017; 31:98. [PMID: 29951399 PMCID: PMC6014798 DOI: 10.14196/mjiri.31.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Doxorubicin, by aggregating in bone marrow, causes genotoxic effects, and thus reduces the repair ability of cells. The present study was conducted as an in vitro evaluation of age effects on the cytotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods: The MSCs of female BALB/c mice aged 1, 8, and 16 months were separated, characterized, and subsequently evaluated in cellular growth media. After 24 hours, exposure of the MSCs of the 3 groups of mice to doxorubicin (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1200 nM) and cytotoxicity were assessed, and the sublethal dose was determined using flow cytometry technique and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Results: The IC50 values determined by flow cytometry for the separated MSCs of 1 young, 8 middle- aged, and 16 old mice were and respectively. Interestingly, the results of these 2 methods in determining cytotoxicity were in agreement, and a concentration of approximately 25 nM was considered to be the shared sublethal dose for different ages. Conclusion: The results indicated that MSCs of middle-aged mice were more resistant to the toxic effects of the drug. Besides, MSCs separated from the old mice were the most sensitive to chemotherapy and its side effects such as disruptions of cell proliferation and viability. These disruptions can be ascribed to the alteration of function and physiological processes with age. Determining proper concentration of doxorubicin drug to destruct cancerous cells based on age and individual sensitivity can minimize the amount of toxicity.
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Tsai CW, Chiang IN, Wang JH, Young TH. Chitosan delaying human fibroblast senescence through downregulation of TGF-β signaling pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:1852-1863. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1394873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wen Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ni Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Angelica sinensis Polysaccharides Ameliorate Stress-Induced Premature Senescence of Hematopoietic Cell via Protecting Bone Marrow Stromal Cells from Oxidative Injuries Caused by 5-Fluorouracil. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112265. [PMID: 29143796 PMCID: PMC5713235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelosuppression is the most common complication of chemotherapy. Decline of self-renewal capacity and stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) induced by chemotherapeutic agents may be the cause of long-term myelosuppression after chemotherapy. Whether the mechanism of SIPS of hematopoietic cells relates to chemotherapeutic injury occurred in hematopoietic microenvironment (HM) is still not well elucidated. This study explored the protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP), an acetone extract polysaccharide found as the major effective ingredients of a traditional Chinese medicinal herb named Chinese Angelica (Dong Quai), on oxidative damage of homo sapiens bone marrow/stroma cell line (HS-5) caused by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and the effect of ASP relieving oxidative stress in HM on SIPS of hematopoietic cells. Tumor-suppressive doses of 5-FU inhibited the growth of HS-5 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. 5-FU induced HS-5 apoptosis and also accumulated cellular hallmarks of senescence including cell cycle arrest and typical senescence-associated β-galactosidase positive staining. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased in 5-FU treated HS-5 cells and coinstantaneous with attenuated antioxidant capacity marked by superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Oxidative stress initiated DNA damage indicated by increased γH2AX and 8-OHdG. Oxidative damage of HS-5 cells resulted in declined hematopoietic stimulating factors including stem cell factor (SCF), stromal cell-derived factor (SDF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), however, elevated inflammatory chemokines such as RANTES. In addition, gap junction channel protein expression and mediated intercellular communications were attenuated after 5-FU treatment. Significantly, co-culture on 5-FU treated HS-5 feeder layer resulted in less quantity of human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), and SIPS of hematopoietic cells. However, it is noteworthy that ASP ameliorated SIPS of hematopoietic cells by the mechanism of protecting bone marrow stromal cells from chemotherapeutic injury via mitigating oxidative damage of stromal cells and improving their hematopoietic function. This study provides a new strategy to alleviate the complication of conventional cancer therapy using chemotherapeutic agents.
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Oxidative Stress and Cellular Response to Doxorubicin: A Common Factor in the Complex Milieu of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1521020. [PMID: 29181122 PMCID: PMC5664340 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1521020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The production of reactive species is a core of the redox cycling profile of anthracyclines. However, these molecular characteristics can be viewed as a double-edged sword acting not only on neoplastic cells but also on multiple cellular targets throughout the body. This phenomenon translates into anthracycline cardiotoxicity that is a serious problem in the growing population of paediatric and adult cancer survivors. Therefore, better understanding of cellular processes that operate within but also go beyond cardiomyocytes is a necessary step to develop more effective tools for the prevention and treatment of progressive and often severe cardiomyopathy experienced by otherwise successfully treated oncologic patients. In this review, we focus on oxidative stress-triggered cellular events such as DNA damage, senescence, and cell death implicated in anthracycline cardiovascular toxicity. The involvement of progenitor cells of cardiac and extracardiac origin as well as different cardiac cell types is discussed, pointing to molecular signals that impact on cell longevity and functional competence.
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Hurria A, Jones L, Muss HB. Cancer Treatment as an Accelerated Aging Process: Assessment, Biomarkers, and Interventions. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2017; 35:e516-22. [PMID: 27249761 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_156160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An accumulating body of evidence supports the hypothesis that cancer and/or cancer treatment is associated with accelerated aging. The majority of these data come from the pediatric literature; however, a smaller yet growing body of literature points toward similar findings in the geriatric population. This is a key survivorship issue the growing number of older adults with cancer face, along with the short- and long-term impact of cancer therapy on the aging process. This article will review clinical and biologic markers of aging in older adults with cancer, use cardiovascular disease as a model of accelerated aging, and discuss potential interventions to decrease the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Hurria
- From the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Lee Jones
- From the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Hyman B Muss
- From the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Kohanski RA, Deeks SG, Gravekamp C, Halter JB, High K, Hurria A, Fuldner R, Green P, Huebner R, Macchiarini F, Sierra F. Reverse geroscience: how does exposure to early diseases accelerate the age-related decline in health? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1386:30-44. [PMID: 27907230 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the major risk factor for both the development of chronic diseases and loss of functional capacity. Geroscience provides links among the biology of aging, the biology of disease, and the physiology of frailty, three fields where enormous progress has been made in the last few decades. While, previously, the focus was on the role of aging in susceptibility to disease and disability, the other side of this relationship, which is the contribution of disease to aging, has been less explored at the molecular/cellular level. Indeed, the role of childhood or early adulthood exposure to chronic disease and/or treatment on accelerating aging phenotypes is well known in epidemiology, but the biological basis is poorly understood. A recent summit co-organized by the National Institutes of Health GeroScience Interest Group and the New York Academy of Sciences explored these relationships, using three chronic diseases as examples: cancer, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes. The epidemiological literature clearly indicates that early exposure to any of these diseases and/or their treatments results in an acceleration of the appearance of aging phenotypes, including loss of functional capacity and accelerated appearance of clinical symptoms of aging-related diseases not obviously related to the earlier event. The discussions at the summit focused on the molecular and cellular relationships between each of these diseases and the recently defined molecular and cellular pillars of aging. Two major conclusions from the meeting include the desire to refine an operational definition of aging and to concomitantly develop biomarkers of aging, in order to move from chronological to physiological age. The discussion also opened a dialogue on the possibility of improving late-life outcomes in patients affected by chronic disease by including age-delaying modalities along with the standard care for the disease in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Kohanski
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Claudia Gravekamp
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jeffrey B Halter
- Geriatrics Center and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kevin High
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Arti Hurria
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California
| | - Rebecca Fuldner
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paige Green
- Biobehavioral and Psychologic Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robin Huebner
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Felipe Sierra
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Fonseca H, Carvalho A, Esteves J, Esteves VI, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Duarte JA. Effects of doxorubicin administration on bone strength and quality in sedentary and physically active Wistar rats. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:3465-3475. [PMID: 27318466 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Doxorubicin (DOX) is used in pediatric cancer treatment. This study assessed the effects of 7 weeks of DOX and 10-week recovery on bone quality and biomechanical properties in sedentary and exercised Wistar rats. DOX decreases femur diaphysis radial growth and biomechanical properties. Some of these DOX effects were aggravated by exercise. INTRODUCTION Bone growth in pre-pubertal years critically influences adult fracture risk. DOX is widely used in the treatment of pediatric cancers, but there is limited evidence on its potential negative effects on bone growth. Exercise improves bone growth in children, but there is no evidence if it protects against DOX-induced bone toxicity. This study investigates the early and intermediate effects of a 7-week course of DOX on bone histomorphometry and strength in sedentary and exercised growing animal models. METHODS Sixty-eight male Wistar rats (8 weeks) were treated with DOX (2 mg kg-1) or vehicle for 7 weeks and afterward housed in standard cages or in cages with a running wheel and killed 2 or 10 weeks after last DOX administration. Femurs and blood were collected for assaying geometry, trabecular microarchitecture (histology), biomechanical properties (three-point bending and shearing of the femoral neck), bone calcium content and density (atomic absorption spectroscopy), and bone turnover markers (ELISA). RESULTS DOX treatment reduced the femur diaphysis radial growth, with DOX-treated animals having a lower tissue area, cortical area, cortical thickness, and moment of inertia. DOX also decreased distal femur trabecular bone volume and trabecular number and increased trabecular separation. Femur diaphysis stiffness and maximum load were also reduced in past DOX-treated animals. Exercise was shown to worsen the effects of past DOX treatment on the femur diaphysis mechanical properties. CONCLUSION DOX negatively affects bone geometry, trabecular microarchitecture, and femur mechanical properties in growing Wistar rats. Exercise further aggravates the detrimental effects of past DOX treatment on bone mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fonseca
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
| | - A Carvalho
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Esteves
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - V I Esteves
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - D Moreira-Gonçalves
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - J A Duarte
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
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Fan C, Georgiou KR, McKinnon RA, Keefe DMK, Howe PRC, Xian CJ. Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil causes trabecular bone loss, bone marrow cell depletion and marrow adiposity in female rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2016; 34:277-90. [PMID: 26056019 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-015-0679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of anthracyclines to adjuvant chemotherapy has increased survival rates among breast cancer patients. Cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil (CEF) combination therapy is now one of the preferred regimens for treating node-positive breast cancer due to better survival with less toxicity involved. Despite the increasing use of CEF, its potential in causing adverse skeletal effects remains unclear. Using a mature female rat model mimicking the clinical setting, this study examined the effects of CEF treatment on bone and bone marrow in long bones. Following six cycles of CEF treatment (weekly intravenous injections of cyclophosphamide at 10 mg/kg, epirubicin at 2.5 mg/kg and 5-flurouracil at 10 mg/kg), a significant reduction in trabecular bone volume was observed at the metaphysis, which was associated with a reduced serum level of bone formation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP), increased trends of osteoclast density and osteoclast area at the metaphysis, as well as an increased size of osteoclasts being formed from the bone marrow cells ex vivo. Moreover, a severe reduction of bone marrow cellularity was observed following CEF treatment, which was accompanied by an increase in marrow adipose tissue volume. This increase in marrow adiposity was associated with an expansion in adipocyte size but not in marrow adipocyte density. Overall, this study indicates that six cycles of CEF chemotherapy may induce some bone loss and severe bone marrow damage. Mechanisms for CEF-induced bone/bone marrow pathologies and potential preventive strategies warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaming Fan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Kristen R Georgiou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Dorothy M K Keefe
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- SA Cancer Service, SA Cancer Clinical Network, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Centre of Cancer Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Peter R C Howe
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Cory J Xian
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
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Schimke MM, Marozin S, Lepperdinger G. Patient-Specific Age: The Other Side of the Coin in Advanced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy. Front Physiol 2015; 6:362. [PMID: 26696897 PMCID: PMC4667069 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotential mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are present as a rare subpopulation within any type of stroma in the body of higher animals. Prominently, MSC have been recognized to reside in perivascular locations, supposedly maintaining blood vessel integrity. During tissue damage and injury, MSC/pericytes become activated, evade from their perivascular niche and are thus assumed to support wound healing and tissue regeneration. In vitro MSC exhibit demonstrated capabilities to differentiate into a wide variety of tissue cell types. Hence, many MSC-based therapeutic approaches have been performed to address bone, cartilage, or heart regeneration. Furthermore, prominent studies showed efficacy of ex vivo expanded MSC to countervail graft-vs.-host-disease. Therefore, additional fields of application are presently conceived, in which MSC-based therapies potentially unfold beneficial effects, such as amelioration of non-healing conditions after tendon or spinal cord injury, as well as neuropathies. Working along these lines, MSC-based scientific research has been forged ahead to prominently occupy the clinical stage. Aging is to a great deal stochastic by nature bringing forth changes in an individual fashion. Yet, is aging of stem cells or/and their corresponding niche considered a determining factor for outcome and success of clinical therapies?
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Schimke
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Stem Cell Research, Aging and Regeneration, University Salzburg Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sabrina Marozin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Stem Cell Research, Aging and Regeneration, University Salzburg Salzburg, Austria
| | - Günter Lepperdinger
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Stem Cell Research, Aging and Regeneration, University Salzburg Salzburg, Austria
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Tsai CW, Kao YT, Chiang IN, Wang JH, Young TH. Chitosan Treatment Delays the Induction of Senescence in Human Foreskin Fibroblast Strains. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140747. [PMID: 26465338 PMCID: PMC4605659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts have been extensively used as a model to study cellular senescence. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the human foreskin fibroblast aging process could be regulated by using the biomaterial chitosan. Fibroblasts cultured on commercial tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) entered senescence after 55–60 population doublings (PDs), and were accompanied by larger cell shape, higher senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA β-gal) activity, lower proliferation capacity, and upregulation of senescence-associated molecular markers p21, p53, retinoblastoma (pRB), and p16. Before senescence was reached, PD48 cells were collected from TCPS and seeded on chitosan for three days (PD48-Cd3) to form multicellular spheroids. The protein expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) and senescence-associated molecular markers of these cells in PD48-Cd3 spheroids were downregulated significantly. Following chitosan treatment, fibroblasts reseeded on TCPS showed lower SA β-gal activity, increased cellular motility, and a higher proliferation ability of 70–75 PDs. These phenotypic changes were not accompanied by colonies forming in soft agar and a continuous decrease in the senescence-associated proteins p53 and pRB which act as a barrier to tumorigenesis. These results demonstrate that chitosan treatment could delay the induction of senescence which may be useful and safe for future tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wen Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan, No.1, Sec. 1, Jen - Ai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Kao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan, No.1, Sec. 1, Jen - Ai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - I-Ni Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan, No.1, Sec. 1, Jen - Ai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan, No.7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan, No.7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JHW); (THY)
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan, No.1, Sec. 1, Jen - Ai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JHW); (THY)
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Wang B, Hu Y, Liu L, Hu K, Tie R, He Y, Fu S, Zhu N, Luo Y, Yu X, Huang H. Phenotypical and functional characterization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015; 21:1020-8. [PMID: 25708216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a critical complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The conditioning therapy has been involved in the impairment of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). However, the potential implication of MSCs in the pathophysiology of cGVHD has not been investigated. We analyzed expanded MSCs from patients with cGVHD and compared them with those from transplantation patients without cGVHD. The MSCs from both groups were of host origin and their reserves were comparable. They showed similar morphology, immunophenotype, population doubling times, self-renewal capacity, differentiation, and migration potential. The immunomodulatory potential of the 2 groups was also identical, they were both capable of inhibiting phytohemagglutinin-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proliferation and inducing regulatory T cells after coculturing with CD4(+) T cells, and the immunosuppressive factors were secreted similarly in both MSCs whether in normal culture or coculture with PBMCs. No significant differences were observed in the cellular senescence and apoptosis between 2 groups. In addition, MSCs from patients with cGVHD displayed normal phenotype and function compared with their counterparts from healthy donors, although reduced frequency in BM mononuclear cell fraction was observed in these patients. Taken together, our results suggest that MSCs do not seem to contribute to the pathogenesis of cGVHD and indicate the feasibility of autologous cell therapy in patients who are not completely responding to standard immunosuppressive therapy for cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binsheng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaimin Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruxiu Tie
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Fu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Batatinha H, Souza C, Lima E, Alonso-Vale MI, Cruz M, Da Cunha R, Lira F, Rosa J. Adipose tissue homeostasis is deeply disrupted by doxorubicin treatment. Cancer Metab 2014. [PMCID: PMC4072960 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-s1-p5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Rana T, Chakrabarti A, Freeman M, Biswas S. Doxorubicin-mediated bone loss in breast cancer bone metastases is driven by an interplay between oxidative stress and induction of TGFβ. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78043. [PMID: 24205081 PMCID: PMC3813496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer patients, who are already at increased risk of developing bone metastases and osteolytic bone damage, are often treated with doxorubicin. Unfortunately, doxorubicin has been reported to induce damage to bone. Moreover, we have previously reported that doxorubicin treatment increases circulating levels of TGFβ in murine pre-clinical models. TGFβ has been implicated in promoting osteolytic bone damage, a consequence of increased osteoclast-mediated resorption and suppression of osteoblast differentiation. Therefore, we hypothesized that in a preclinical breast cancer bone metastasis model, administration of doxorubicin would accelerate bone loss in a TGFβ-mediated manner. Administration of doxorubicin to 4T1 tumor-bearing mice produced an eightfold increase in osteolytic lesion areas compared untreated tumor-bearing mice (P = 0.002) and an almost 50% decrease in trabecular bone volume expressed in BV/TV (P = 0.0005), both of which were rescued by anti-TGFβ antibody (1D11). Doxorubicin, which is a known inducer of oxidative stress, decreased osteoblast survival and differentiation, which was rescued by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). Furthermore, doxorubicin treatment decreased Cu-ZnSOD (SOD1) expression and enzyme activity in vitro, and treatment with anti-TGFβ antibody was able to rescue both. In conclusion, a combination therapy using doxorubicin and anti-TGFβ antibody might be beneficial for preventing therapy-related bone loss in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapasi Rana
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Anwesa Chakrabarti
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michael Freeman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Swati Biswas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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Abstract
The increased level of chromosome instability in cancer cells, leading to aneuploidy and gross chromosomal rearrangements, is not only a driving force for oncogenesis but also can be the Achille's heel of the disease since many chemotherapies (CT) kill cells by inducing a non-tolerable rate of DNA damage. A wealth of published evidence showed that telomere stability can be more affected than the bulk of the genome by several conventional antineoplasic drugs. These results raise the interesting possibility that CT with genotoxic drugs preferentially target telomeres. In agreement with this view, accelerated shortening of telomere length has been described in blood lineage cells following high-dose CT (stem cell transplantation) or non-myeloablative CT. However, almost nothing is known on the consequences of this shortening in terms of telomere stability, senescence and on the development of second cancers or post-treatment aging-like syndromes in cancer survivors (cognitive defect, fertility impairment, etc.). In this article, we propose: (1) telomeres of cancer cells are preferential genomic targets of chemotherapies altering chromosome maintenance; (2) telomere functional parameters can be a surrogate marker of chemotherapy sensitivity and toxicity; (3) the use of anti-telomere molecule could greatly enhance the sensitivity to standards chemotherapies.
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Cipriani P, Di Benedetto P, Liakouli V, Del Papa B, Di Padova M, Di Ianni M, Marrelli A, Alesse E, Giacomelli R. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from scleroderma patients (SSc) preserve their immunomodulatory properties although senescent and normally induce T regulatory cells (Tregs) with a functional phenotype: implications for cellular-based therapy. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 173:195-206. [PMID: 23607751 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic disease, with early activation of the immune system. The aim of our work was to address how SSc-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), although senescent, might preserve specific immunomodulatory abilities during SSc. MSCs were obtained from 10 SSc patients and 10 healthy controls (HC). Senescence was evaluated by assessing cell cycle, β-galactosidase (β-Gal) activity, p21 and p53 expression; doxorubicin was used as acute senescence stimulus to evaluate their ability to react in stressed conditions. Immunomodulatory abilities were studied co-culturing MSCs with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD4(+) cells, in order to establish both their ability to block proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reaction and in regulatory T cells (Tregs) induction. SSc-MSC showed an increase of senescence biomarkers. Eighty per cent of MSCs were in G0-G1 phase, without significant differences between SSc and HC. SSc-MSCs showed an increased positive β-Gal staining and higher p21 transcript level compared to HC cells. After doxorubicin, β-Gal staining increased significantly in SSc-MSCs. On the contrary, doxorubicin abolished p21 activation and elicited p53 induction both in SSc- and HC-MSCs. Interleukin (IL)-6 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-related transcripts and their protein levels were significantly higher in SSc-MSCs. The latter maintained their immunosuppressive effect on lymphocyte proliferation and induced a functionally regulatory phenotype on T cells, increasing surface expression of CD69 and restoring the regulatory function which is impaired in SSc. Increased activation of the IL-6 pathway observed in our cells might represent an adaptive mechanism to senescence, but preserving some specific cellular functions, including immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cipriani
- Department of Biothecnological and Applied Clinical Science, Rheumatology Unit, School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila,. Italy
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Lopez MF, Tollervey J, Krastins B, Garces A, Sarracino D, Prakash A, Vogelsang M, Geesman G, Valderrama A, Jordan IK, Lunyak VV. Depletion of nuclear histone H2A variants is associated with chronic DNA damage signaling upon drug-evoked senescence of human somatic cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2013; 4:823-42. [PMID: 23235539 PMCID: PMC3560435 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is associated with global chromatin changes, altered gene expression, and activation of chronic DNA damage signaling. These events ultimately lead to morphological and physiological transformations in primary cells. In this study, we show that chronic DNA damage signals caused by genotoxic stress impact the expression of histones H2A family members and lead to their depletion in the nuclei of senescent human fibroblasts. Our data reinforce the hypothesis that progressive chromatin destabilization may lead to the loss of epigenetic information and impaired cellular function associated with chronic DNA damage upon drug-evoked senescence. We propose that changes in the histone biosynthesis and chromatin assembly may directly contribute to cellular aging. In addition, we also outline the method that allows for quantitative and unbiased measurement of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Lopez
- BRIMS, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cambridge, MA, USA
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43
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Wang J, Liao L, Wang S, Tan J. Cell therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cells-how the disease process impacts clinical considerations. Cytotherapy 2013; 15:893-904. [PMID: 23751203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.01.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prospective clinical use of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) holds enormous promise for the treatment of a large number of degenerative and age-related diseases. In particular, autologous MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM) are considered safe and have been extensively evaluated in clinical trials. Nevertheless, different efficacies have been reported, depending on the health status and age of the donor. In addition, the biological functions of BM-MSCs from patients with various diseases may be impaired. Furthermore, medical treatments such as long-term chemotherapy and immunomodulatory therapy may damage the BM microenvironment and affect the therapeutic potential of MSCs. Therefore, a number of practical problems must be addressed before autologous BM-MSCs can be widely applied with higher efficiency in patients. As such, this review focuses on various factors that directly influence the biological properties of BM-MSCs, and we discuss the possible mechanisms of these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Organ Transplant Institute, Fuzhou General Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
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44
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Lyon D, Elmore L, Aboalela N, Merrill-Schools J, McCain N, Starkweather A, Elswick RK, Jackson-Cook C. Potential epigenetic mechanism(s) associated with the persistence of psychoneurological symptoms in women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer: a hypothesis. Biol Res Nurs 2013; 16:160-74. [PMID: 23585573 DOI: 10.1177/1099800413483545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to recent treatment advances, there have been improvements in the proportion of women surviving a diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). However, many of these survivors report persistent adverse side effects following treatment, such as cognitive dysfunction, depressive symptoms, anxiety, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain. Investigators have examined circulating levels of inflammatory markers, particularly serum cytokines, for a potential causal relationship to the development/persistence of these psychoneurological symptoms (PNS). While inflammatory activation, resulting from perceived stress or other factors, may directly contribute to the development of PNS, we offer an alternative hypothesis, suggesting that these symptoms are an early step in a cascade of biological changes leading to epigenetic alterations at the level of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modifications, and/or chromatin structure/chromosomal instability. Given that epigenetic patterns have plasticity, if this conjectured relationship between epigenomic/acquired genomic alterations and the development/persistence of PNS is confirmed, it could provide foundational knowledge for future research leading to the recognition of predictive markers and/or treatments to alleviate PNS in women with BC. In this article, we discuss an evolving theory of the biological basis of PNS, integrating knowledge related to inflammation and DNA repair in the context of genetic and epigenetic science to expand the paradigm for understanding symptom acquisition/persistence following chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Lyon
- 1Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, VA, USA
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45
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Scherzed A, Hackenberg S, Froelich K, Rak K, Technau A, Radeloff A, Nöth U, Koehler C, Hagen R, Kleinsasser N. Effects of salinomycin on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2013; 218:207-14. [PMID: 23410960 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Various hypotheses on the origin of cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist, including that CSCs develop from transformed human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC). Since the polyether antibiotic salinomycin selectively kills CSCs, the present study aims to elucidate the effects of salinomycin on normal hBMSC. The immunophenotype of hBMSC after salinomycin exposure was observed by flow cytometry. The multi-differentiation capacity of hBMSC was evaluated by Oil Red O and van Kossa staining. Cytotoxic effects of salinomycin were monitored by the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay. Furthermore, spheroid formation and migration capacity were assessed. There were no differences in the immunophenotype and multi-differentiation capacity of hBMSC induced by salinomycin treatment. Cytotoxic effects were observed at concentrations of 30 μM and above. Neither the migration capability nor the ability to form spheroids was affected. Essential functional properties of hBMSC were unaffected by salinomycin. However, dose-dependent cytotoxicity effects could be observed. Overall, low dose salinomycin showed no negative effects on hBMSC. Since mesenchymal stem cells from various sources respond differently, further in vitro studies are needed to clarify the effect of salinomycin on tissue-specific stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scherzed
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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46
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Telomerase and the search for the end of cancer. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:125-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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47
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 18:111-30. [PMID: 23299306 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32835daf68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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48
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Li P, Hou M, Lou F, Björkholm M, Xu D. Telomere dysfunction induced by chemotherapeutic agents and radiation in normal human cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:1531-40. [PMID: 22728163 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The number of long-term survivors of patients with various malignancies (>5 years) is increasing mainly owing to advances in cancer therapeutics, but long-term side effects of the cancer treatment in this population have emerged as an important health and socio-economical issue. Telomeres and telomerase are known to be essential for regulation of cellular life-span and maintenance of genomic stability, and earlier studies have demonstrated that cancer patients who receive chemotherapy have shorter telomeres in their blood cells, indicating accelerated telomere erosion and a potential contribution of telomere loss to late side-effects. Little is currently known about the effect of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation on telomere dynamics including potential effects on telomere length, structure, function, telomerase activity, and telomere shelterin proteins in normal human cells. In the present study, we had addressed this issue experimentally. The treatment of normal human T lymphocytes and fibroblasts with chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin (DOX) or etoposide (VP16) led to significant shortening of telomeres, down-regulation of telomerase activity, and diminished expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and the telomere binding proteins TPP1 and POT1. More importantly, telomere dysfunction was observed in cells treated with DOX or VP16. Furthermore, all the above alterations were similarly found in the cells receiving γ-irradiation. Taken together, both chemotherapy and radiotherapy significantly impair telomere maintenance and function in normal human cells. Conceivably telomere dysfunction causes shortened life-span and genomic instability of normal human cells, and thereby contributes to tissue/organ damage and secondary malignancies in long-term survivors of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Haematology and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Minced umbilical cord fragments as a source of cells for orthopaedic tissue engineering: an in vitro study. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:326813. [PMID: 22550503 PMCID: PMC3328184 DOI: 10.1155/2012/326813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A promising approach for musculoskeletal repair and regeneration is mesenchymal-stem-cell- (MSC-)based tissue engineering. The aim of the study was to apply a simple protocol based on mincing the umbilical cord (UC), without removing any blood vessels or using any enzymatic digestion, to rapidly obtain an adequate number of multipotent UC-MSCs. We obtained, at passage 1 (P1), a mean value of 4, 2 × 106 cells (SD 0,4) from each UC. At immunophenotypic characterization, cells were positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, CD44, CD29, and HLA-I and negative for CD34 and HLA-class II, with a subpopulation negative for both HLA-I and HLA-II. Newborn origin and multilineage potential toward bone, fat, cartilage, and muscle was demonstrated. Telomere length was similar to that of bone-marrow (BM) MSCs from young donors. The results suggest that simply collecting UC-MSCs at P1 from minced umbilical cord fragments allows to achieve a valuable population of cells suitable for orthopaedic tissue engineering.
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50
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Similarities and differences between therapy-related and elderly acute myeloid leukemia. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2011; 3:e2011052. [PMID: 22220249 PMCID: PMC3248329 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2011.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell, typical of the elderly, with a median age of over 60 years at diagnosis. In AML, older age is one of the strongest independent adverse prognostic factor, associated with decreased complete response rate, worse disease-free and overall survival, with highest rates of treatment related mortality, resistant disease and relapse, compared to younger patients. Outcomes are compromised in older patients not only by increased comorbidities and susceptibility to toxicity from therapy, but it is now recognized that elderly AML has peculiar biologic characteristics with a negative impact on treatment response. In older individuals prolonged exposure to environmental carcinogens may be the basis for similarities to therapy-related myeloid malignancies (t-MN), which result from toxic effects of previous cytotoxic treatments on hematopoietic stem cells. Age is itself a risk factor for t-MN, which are more frequent in elderly patients, where also a shorter latency between treatment of primary tumor and t-MN has been reported. t-MN following chemotherapy with alkylating agents and elderly AML frequently present MDS-related cytogenetic abnormalities, including complex or monosomal karyotype, and a myelodysplastic phase preceding the diagnosis of overt leukemia. Similarly, t-MN and elderly-AML share common molecular abnormalities, such as reduced frequency of NPM1, FLT3 and CEBPA mutations and increased MDR1 expression. Given the unfavorable prognosis of elderly and t-MN and the similar clinical and molecular aspects, this is a promising field for implementation of new treatment protocols including alternative biological drugs.
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