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Rodrigues WF, Miguel CB, de Abreu MCM, Neto JM, Oliveira CJF. Potential Associations between Vascular Biology and Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5299. [PMID: 37958472 PMCID: PMC10649902 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a lymphatic neoplasm typically found in the cervical lymph nodes. The disease is multifactorial, and in recent years, the relationships between various vascular molecules have been explored in the field of vascular biology. The connection between vascular biology and HL is intricate and the roles of several pathways remain unclear. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular relationships between vascular biology and HL. Proteins associated with various functions in vascular biology, including cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-13, and IL-21), chemokines (CXCL10, CXCL12, and CCL21), adhesion molecules (ELAM-1/VCAM-1), and growth factors (BDNF/NT-3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α), have been linked to tumor activity. Notable tumor activities include the induction of paracrine activation of NF-kB-dependent pathways, upregulation of adhesion molecule regulation, genome amplification, and effective loss of antigen presentation mediated by MHC-II. Preclinical study models, primarily those using cell culture, have been optimized for HL. Animal models, particularly mice, are also used as alternatives to complex biological systems, with studies primarily focusing on the physiopathogenic evaluation of the disease. These biomolecules warrant further study because they may shed light on obscure pathways and serve as targets for prevention and/or treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Francisco Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Course in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, UFTM, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.J.F.O.)
- University Center of Mineiros, Unifimes, Mineiros 75833-130, GO, Brazil; (M.C.M.d.A.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Camila Botelho Miguel
- Postgraduate Course in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, UFTM, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.J.F.O.)
- University Center of Mineiros, Unifimes, Mineiros 75833-130, GO, Brazil; (M.C.M.d.A.); (J.M.N.)
| | | | - Jamil Miguel Neto
- University Center of Mineiros, Unifimes, Mineiros 75833-130, GO, Brazil; (M.C.M.d.A.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Carlo José Freire Oliveira
- Postgraduate Course in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, UFTM, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.J.F.O.)
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Ferrari C, Maggialetti N, Masi T, Nappi AG, Santo G, Niccoli Asabella A, Rubini G. Early Evaluation of Immunotherapy Response in Lymphoma Patients by 18F-FDG PET/CT: A Literature Overview. J Pers Med 2021; 11:217. [PMID: 33803667 PMCID: PMC8002936 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic strategy both for solid and hematologic tumors, such as in Hodgkin (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In particular, immune-checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, are increasingly used for the treatment of refractory/relapsed HL. At the same time, evidence of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell immunotherapy efficacy mostly in NHL is growing. In this setting, the challenge is to identify an appropriate imaging method to evaluate immunotherapy response. The role of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), especially in early evaluation, is under investigation in order to guide therapeutic strategies, taking into account the possible atypical responses (hyperprogression and pseudoprogression) and immune-related adverse events that could appear on PET images. Herein, we aimed to present a critical overview about the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in evaluating treatment response to immunotherapy in lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ferrari
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, DIM, University Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (T.M.); (A.G.N.); (G.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Nicola Maggialetti
- Section of Radiodiagnostic, DSMBNOS, University Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Tamara Masi
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, DIM, University Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (T.M.); (A.G.N.); (G.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Anna Giulia Nappi
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, DIM, University Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (T.M.); (A.G.N.); (G.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Giulia Santo
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, DIM, University Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (T.M.); (A.G.N.); (G.S.); (G.R.)
| | | | - Giuseppe Rubini
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, DIM, University Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (T.M.); (A.G.N.); (G.S.); (G.R.)
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Zhang K, Roy NK, Vicioso Y, Woo J, Beck R, de Lima M, Caimi P, Feinberg D, Parameswaran R. BAFF receptor antibody for mantle cell lymphoma therapy. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1893501. [PMID: 33747637 PMCID: PMC7939563 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1893501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive form of B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and remains incurable under current treatment modalities. One of the main reasons for treatment failure is the development of drug resistance. Accumulating evidence suggests that B cell activating factor (BAFF) and BAFF receptor (BAFF-R) play an important role in the proliferation and survival of malignant B cells. High serum BAFF levels are often correlated with poor drug response and relapse in MCL patients. Our study shows that BAFF-R is expressed on both MCL patient cells and cell lines. BAFF-R knockdown leads to MCL cell death showing the importance of BAFF-R signaling in MCL survival. Moderate knockdown of BAFF-R in MCL cells did not affect its viability, but sensitized them to cytarabine treatment in vitro and in vivo, with prolonged mice survival. Anti-BAFF-R antibody treatment promoted drug-induced MCL cell death. Conversely, the addition of recombinant BAFF (rhBAFF) to MCL cells protected them from cytarabine-induced apoptosis. We tested the efficacy of a humanized defucosylated ADCC optimized anti-BAFF-R antibody in killing MCL. Our data show both in vitro and in vivo efficacy of this antibody for MCL therapy. To conclude, our data indicate that BAFF/BAFF-R signaling is crucial for survival and involved in drug resistance of MCL. Targeting BAFF-R using BAFF-R antibody might be a promising therapeutical strategy to treat MCL patients resistant to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keman Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nand K Roy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yorleny Vicioso
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Janghee Woo
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Translational Clinical Oncology, NJ, USA
| | - Rose Beck
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Marcos de Lima
- Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Paolo Caimi
- Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel Feinberg
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Reshmi Parameswaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Liu Y, Huang R, Liu L, Meng Y, Liu X. Epigenetic abnormalities of classical Hodgkin lymphoma and its effect on immune escape. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 38:242-248. [PMID: 31709594 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a particular kind of malignant tumour that originates from the B cells. The malignant phenotype of cHL is, at least in part, maintained by epigenetic aberrations, which primarily consist of abnormal histone methylation and acetylation. Progress has been made in clinical trials concerning the histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACis) in cHL. Also, some demethylation regimens could serve the purpose of preventing and treating tumours. Programmed death-ligand receptor 1 (PD-L1, CD274) inhibitors or apoptosis receptor 1 (PD-1, CD279) inhibitors are used in treating patients with relapsed cHL in recent years. Academic researches indicated that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, including nivolumab and pembrolizumab, demonstrate remarkable activity in relapsed cHL. In addition, in recent years, a close association between epigenetic aberrations and immune escape has been explored in cHL. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors, HDACis, and immune checkpoint blockade exhibit synergistic effects. Thus, this review aims to provide an overview on the epigenetic abnormalities of cHL and its effect on immune escape, in order to explore the optimal combination approach to treat the disease. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Cancer Statistics 2018 reported that more than 8000 new cases of Hodgkin lymphoma were diagnosed. In recent years, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for cHL have been utilized, and the therapeutic strategies of HDACis combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been raised. It is critical for improving the efficacy and decreasing the toxicity in treating the patients with cHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianfang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanchun Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Recio C, Guerra B, Guerra-Rodríguez M, Aranda-Tavío H, Martín-Rodríguez P, de Mirecki-Garrido M, Brito-Casillas Y, García-Castellano JM, Estévez-Braun A, Fernández-Pérez L. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-5: an opportunity for drug development in oncohematology. Oncogene 2019; 38:4657-4668. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Dercle L, Seban RD, Lazarovici J, Schwartz LH, Houot R, Ammari S, Danu A, Edeline V, Marabelle A, Ribrag V, Michot JM. 18F-FDG PET and CT Scans Detect New Imaging Patterns of Response and Progression in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated by Anti-Programmed Death 1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor. J Nucl Med 2017; 59:15-24. [PMID: 28596157 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.193011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The response evaluation criteria in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) were designed for the assessment of chemotherapy and targeted molecular agents. We investigated the accuracy of 3-mo 18F-FDG PET/CT for the identification of HL patients responding to immune-checkpoint blockade by anti-programmed death 1 antibodies (anti-PD1). We also reported the frequency of new immune patterns of response and progression. Methods: Retrospectively, we recruited consecutive HL patients treated by anti-PD1 (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) at Gustave Roussy from 2013 to 2015. 18F-FDG PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT scans were acquired every 3 mo. We recorded the best overall response according to the International Harmonization Project Cheson 2014 criteria and LYmphoma Response to Immunomodulatory therapy Criteria (LYRIC) (2016 revised criteria). Patients achieving an objective response at any time during the anti-PD1 treatment were classified as responders. Results: Sixteen relapsed or refractory classic HL patients were included. The median age was 39 y (age range, 19-69 y). The median previous lines of therapy was 6 (range, 3-13). The mean follow-up was 22.6 mo. Nine of 16 patients (56%) achieved an objective response. Two deaths occurred due to progressive disease at 7 mo. 18F-FDG PET/CT detected all responders at 3 mo and reclassified best overall response in 5 patients compared with CT alone. A decrease in tumor metabolism and volume (SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume) and increase in healthy splenic metabolism at 3 mo were observed in responders (area under the curve > 0.85, P < 0.04). Five of 16 patients (31%) displayed new imaging patterns related to anti-PD1; we observed 2 transient progressions consistent with indeterminate response according to the LYRIC (2016) (IR2b at 14 mo and IR3 at 18 mo) and 3 patients with new lesions associated with immune-related adverse events. Conclusion: Three-month 18F-FDG PET/CT scans detected HL patients responding to anti-PD1. New patterns were encountered in 31% of patients, emphasizing the need for further evaluation in larger series and close collaboration between imaging and oncology specialists on a per-patient basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dercle
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Villejuif, France .,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d'imagerie médicale, Villejuif, France.,Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Romain-David Seban
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d'imagerie médicale, Villejuif, France
| | - Julien Lazarovici
- Department of Medicine Oncology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d'hématologie, Villejuif, France
| | - Lawrence H Schwartz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Roch Houot
- CHU Rennes, Service Hematologie Clinique, Rennes, France
| | - Samy Ammari
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d'imagerie médicale, Villejuif, France
| | - Alina Danu
- Department of Medicine Oncology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d'hématologie, Villejuif, France
| | - Véronique Edeline
- Department of Imaging, Institut Curie R. Huguenin Hospital, Saint-Cloud, France; and
| | - Aurélien Marabelle
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Villejuif, France.,Drug Development Department, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent Ribrag
- Department of Medicine Oncology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d'hématologie, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Marie Michot
- Department of Medicine Oncology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d'hématologie, Villejuif, France.,Drug Development Department, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
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Incidence of Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma in Mexico by Histologic Subtypes and Socioeconomic Regions. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2016; 38:e97-e101. [PMID: 26535773 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000000462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence rates of the histologic subtypes of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) differed with socioeconomic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS HL cases from the Register of Childhood Cancer (below 15 y of age) for 2 socioeconomic regions were analyzed. Central region has a high socioeconomic index; and the southern region a low index. The incidence rates (cases per million children/year) were estimated according to histologic subtypes, age groups, sex, clinical stages, time to diagnosis, and overall survival by regions. RESULTS The overall incidence was greater in the south (6.8 vs. 4.6), principally due to higher incidence of mixed cellularity subtype (3.8 vs. 1.0). In the south, the highest incidence was found in the 5- to 9-year-old group (9.2), whereas in the central region it was found in the 10- to 14-year-old group (7.4). There was a delay of ∼3 weeks in the time to diagnosis (P=0.36) in the south, but no difference in the percentage of advanced stages, adjusted by histologic subtype (61%, III and IV). The overall survival was 71%, differences were identified only for mixed cellularity cases (center=89.2 vs. south=61.5%, P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Incidences of HL subtypes differed in relation to socioeconomic conditions in Mexico. In the south, the incidence of mixed cellularity was higher and there was an earlier peak of presentation.
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Oelmann E, Stein H, Berdel WE, Herbst H. Expression of Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-1 Receptors Type 1 and Type 2 in Hodgkin Lymphoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138747. [PMID: 26406983 PMCID: PMC4583993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling through the IL-1-receptor type 1 (IL-1R1), IL-1 is required for initiation and maintenance of diverse activities of the immune system. A second receptor, IL-1R2, blocks IL-1 signal transduction. We studied expression of IL-1beta, IL-1R1, and IL-1R2 in 17 Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) by in situ hybridization (ISH). IL-1beta expressing cells, morphologically consistent with endothelial cells and fibroblasts, occurred in all HL tissues with elevated transcript levels in areas of active fibrosis. Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of all cases expressed low IL-1R1 transcript levels in some tumor cells, and high levels of IL-1R2 in large proportions of HRS cells. Only few bystander cells showed low levels of IL-1R1 and IL-1R2 RNA. Supernatants of 4 out of 7 HL-derived cell lines contained soluble IL-1R2 protein at high levels. HL patient sera carried variably amounts of IL-1R2 protein with significantly increased titers in patients with active disease compared to patients in complete remission and control individuals without HL. Western blots and co-immunoprecipitations showed binding of the IL-1R2 to the intracellular IL-1R-accessory protein (IL-1IRAcP). These data suggest functions of the IL-1R2 as a „decoy-receptor” sequestrating paracrine IL-1 extracellularly and intracellularly by engaging IL-1IRAcP, thus depriving IL1-R1 molecules of their extracellular and intracellular ligands. Expression of IL1-R2 by HRS cells seems to contribute to local and systemic modulation of immune function in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Oelmann
- Department of Medicine A—Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang E. Berdel
- Department of Medicine A—Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Hermann Herbst
- Institute of Pathology, Vivantes Hospitals, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Turunen AW, Suominen AL, Kiviranta H, Verkasalo PK, Pukkala E. Cancer incidence in a cohort with high fish consumption. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:1595-602. [PMID: 25209112 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence suggests that fish-derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit cancer promotion and progression. On the other hand, fish may contain endocrine-disrupting and potentially carcinogenic environmental contaminants. Our objective was to describe cancer incidence among the Finnish professional fishermen and their wives who are presumed to eat a lot of fish, partly from the contaminated Baltic Sea. Additionally, we wanted to see whether occupational characteristics are reflected in the fishermen's cancer pattern. METHODS All Finnish fishermen during 1980-2002 were identified from the Professional Fishermen Register (n = 6,410) and their wives from the National Population Information System (n = 4,260). The cohort was linked with the Finnish Cancer Registry data until 2011, and the standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated based on national incidence rates. RESULTS The total cancer incidence among the fishermen and their wives was the same as in the Finnish general population. Among the fishermen, the incidence was increased for lip (SIR 2.17, 95 % confidence interval 1.26-3.47) and testis (2.51, 1.15-4.75) and decreased for colon (0.72, 0.52-0.98) cancers. CONCLUSIONS We cannot exclude the possibility that the observed excess in testis cancer among the fishermen could reflect life-long high exposure to environmental contaminants. An excess in lip cancer has been repeatedly observed among outdoor workers due to high exposure to ultraviolet radiation, whereas high physical activity during fishing is the most likely explanation for the deficit in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu W Turunen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland,
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Kushekhar K, van den Berg A, Nolte I, Hepkema B, Visser L, Diepstra A. Genetic associations in classical hodgkin lymphoma: a systematic review and insights into susceptibility mechanisms. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2737-47. [PMID: 25205514 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Both targeted and genome-wide studies have revealed genetic associations for susceptibility, prognosis, and treatment-induced secondary malignancies and toxicities in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). This review gives a systematic and comprehensive overview of significant associations and places them into a biologic context. The strongest susceptibility polymorphisms have been found for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. These associations are specific for cHL overall or for subgroups based on tumor cell Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status. These findings strongly suggest that EBV-specific immune responses influence cHL susceptibility in EBV(+) cHL and that immune responses targeting other tumor-associated antigens are important in EBV(-) cHL. Accordingly, most of the numerous other susceptibility loci map to genes that affect functionality of the immune system, underscoring the crucial role of the immune system in cHL development. The number of association studies on cHL prognosis is limited with one consistent association for the drug-metabolizing UGT1A1 gene. PRDM1 is associated with radiation-induced secondary malignancies and a small number of genes are associated with treatment-related toxicities. In conclusion, most loci showing genetic associations in cHL harbor genes with a potential functional relevance for cHL susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushi Kushekhar
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilja Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bouke Hepkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lydia Visser
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan Diepstra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Epstein–Barr Virus Infection in Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Meta-analysis. Arch Med Res 2014; 45:417-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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