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Kwak S, Song CL, Cho YS, Choi I, Byun JE, Jung H, Lee J. Txnip regulates the Oct4-mediated pluripotency circuitry via metabolic changes upon differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:142. [PMID: 38485770 PMCID: PMC10940461 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) is a stress-responsive factor regulating Trx1 for redox balance and involved in diverse cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolism. However, the biological role of Txnip function in stem cell pluripotency has yet to be investigated. Here, we reveal the novel functions of mouse Txnip in cellular reprogramming and differentiation onset by involving in glucose-mediated histone acetylation and the regulation of Oct4, which is a fundamental component of the molecular circuitry underlying pluripotency. During reprogramming or PSC differentiation process, cellular metabolic and chromatin remodeling occur in order to change its cellular fate. Txnip knockout promotes induced pluripotency but hinders initial differentiation by activating pluripotency factors and promoting glycolysis. This alteration affects the intracellular levels of acetyl-coA, a final product of enhanced glycolysis, resulting in sustained histone acetylation on active PSC gene regions. Moreover, Txnip directly interacts with Oct4, thereby repressing its activity and consequently deregulating Oct4 target gene transcriptions. Our work suggests that control of Txnip expression is crucial for cell fate transitions by modulating the entry and exit of pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojung Kwak
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Lok Song
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Sook Cho
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Byun
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungwoon Lee
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Shin E, Park C, Park T, Chung H, Hwang H, Bak SH, Chung KS, Yoon SR, Kim TD, Choi I, Lee CH, Jung H, Noh JY. Deficiency of thioredoxin-interacting protein results in age-related thrombocytopenia due to megakaryocyte oxidative stress. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:834-850. [PMID: 38072375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets are generated from megakaryocytes (MKs), mainly located in the bone marrow (BM). Megakaryopoiesis can be affected by genetic disorders, metabolic diseases, and aging. The molecular mechanisms underlying platelet count regulation have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we investigated the role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a protein that regulates cellular metabolism in megakaryopoiesis, using a Txnip-/- mouse model. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Txnip-/- mice (2-27-month-old) were studied. BM-derived MKs were analyzed to investigate the role of TXNIP in megakaryopoiesis with age. The global transcriptome of BM-derived CD41+ megakaryocyte precursors (MkPs) of WT and Txnip-/- mice were compared. The CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells isolated from human cord blood were differentiated into MKs. RESULTS Txnip-/- mice developed thrombocytopenia at 4 to 5 months that worsened with age. During ex vivo megakaryopoiesis, Txnip-/- MkPs remained small, with decreased levels of MK-specific markers. Critically, Txnip-/- MkPs exhibited reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which was related to AKT activity. Txnip-/- MkPs also showed elevated glycolysis alongside increased glucose uptake for ATP production. Total RNA sequencing revealed enrichment for oxidative stress- and apoptosis-related genes in differentially expressed genes between Txnip-/- and WT MkPs. The effects of TXNIP on MKs were recapitulated during the differentiation of human cord blood-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that the megakaryopoiesis pathway becomes exhausted with age in Txnip-/- mice with a decrease in terminal, mature MKs that response to thrombocytopenic challenge. Overall, this study demonstrates the role of TXNIP in megakaryopoiesis, regulating mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Shin
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Charny Park
- Bioinformatics Team, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Ilsandong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Taeho Park
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyunmin Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyeyeong Hwang
- Bioinformatics Team, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Ilsandong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seong Ho Bak
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Stem Cell Convergence Research Center and Biomedical Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Suk Ran Yoon
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- R&D Center, SCBIO Co, Ltd, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Noh
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea.
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3
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Held MA, Greenfest-Allen E, Jachimowicz E, Stoeckert CJ, Stokes MP, Wood AW, Wojchowski DM. Phospho-proteomic discovery of novel signal transducers including thioredoxin-interacting protein as mediators of erythropoietin-dependent human erythropoiesis. Exp Hematol 2020; 84:29-44. [PMID: 32259549 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Erythroid cell formation critically depends on signals transduced via erythropoietin (EPO)/EPO receptor (EPOR)/JAK2 complexes. This includes not only core response modules (e.g., JAK2/STAT5, RAS/MEK/ERK), but also specialized effectors (e.g., erythroferrone, ASCT2 glutamine transport, Spi2A). By using phospho-proteomics and a human erythroblastic cell model, we identify 121 new EPO target proteins, together with their EPO-modulated domains and phosphosites. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment for "Molecular Function" identified adaptor proteins as one top EPO target category. This includes a novel EPOR/JAK2-coupled network of actin assemblage modifiers, with adaptors DLG-1, DLG-3, WAS, WASL, and CD2AP as prime components. "Cellular Component" GO analysis further identified 19 new EPO-modulated cytoskeletal targets including the erythroid cytoskeletal targets spectrin A, spectrin B, adducin 2, and glycophorin C. In each, EPO-induced phosphorylation occurred at pY sites and subdomains, which suggests coordinated regulation by EPO of the erythroid cytoskeleton. GO analysis of "Biological Processes" further revealed metabolic regulators as a likewise unexpected EPO target set. Targets included aldolase A, pyruvate dehydrogenase α1, and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), with EPO-modulated p-Y sites in each occurring within functional subdomains. In TXNIP, EPO-induced phosphorylation occurred at novel p-T349 and p-S358 sites, and was paralleled by rapid increases in TXNIP levels. In UT7epo-E and primary human stem cell (HSC)-derived erythroid progenitor cells, lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA knockdown studies revealed novel pro-erythropoietic roles for TXNIP. Specifically, TXNIP's knockdown sharply inhibited c-KIT expression; compromised EPO dose-dependent erythroblast proliferation and survival; and delayed late-stage erythroblast formation. Overall, new insight is provided into EPO's diverse action mechanisms and TXNIP's contributions to EPO-dependent human erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Held
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH
| | | | - Edward Jachimowicz
- Molecular Medicine Department, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME
| | | | | | | | - Don M Wojchowski
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH.
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Pydyn N, Kadluczka J, Kus E, Pospiech E, Losko M, Fu M, Jura J, Kotlinowski J. RNase MCPIP1 regulates hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma via TXNIP/PGC-1alpha pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1458-1471. [PMID: 31185306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) acts as an endonuclease that degrades selected mRNAs, viral RNAs and pre-miRNAs. MCPIP1 inhibits adipogenesis by degradation of C/EBPβ mRNA and adipogenesis-related miRNA, however its role in the regulation of hepatic lipid homeostasis is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of MCPIP1 in the regulation of lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 2-20 weeks and next primary hepatocytes and adipose tissue were isolated. For in vitro experiments we used murine primary hepatocytes, control HepG2 cells and HepG2 with overexpressed or silenced MCPIP1. We found that Mcpip1 levels were lower in primary hepatocytes isolated from HFD-fed mice than in control cells starting at 4 weeks of a HFD. Level of Mcpip1 was also depleted in visceral fat isolated from obese and glucose-intolerant mice characterized by fatty liver disease. We showed that MCPIP1 overexpression in HepG2 cells treated with oleate induces the level and activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). This phenotype was reverted upon silencing of MCPIP1 in HepG2 cells and in primary hepatocytes lacking Mcpip1 protein. MCPIP1 activated the PPARγ transcription factor via the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1- α (PGC-1α) pathway. MCPIP1 contributes to lipid metabolism in hepatocytes by regulating the TXNIP/PGC-1α/PPARγ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pydyn
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Kadluczka
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta Kus
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Pospiech
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Losko
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mingui Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Shock, Trauma Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
| | - Jolanta Jura
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Kotlinowski
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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Wang LQ, Yu P, Li B, Guo YH, Liang ZR, Zheng LL, Yang JH, Xu H, Liu S, Zheng LS, Zhou H, Qu LH. miR-372 and miR-373 enhance the stemness of colorectal cancer cells by repressing differentiation signaling pathways. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1949-1964. [PMID: 30171794 PMCID: PMC6210048 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
miR‐372/373, a cluster of stem cell‐specific microRNAs transactivated by the Wnt pathway, has been reported to be dysregulated in various cancers, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the unique role of these microRNAs in cancer remains to be discovered. In the present study, we characterized the upregulation in expression of miR‐372/373 in CRC tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas data, and then showed that overexpression of miR‐372/373 enhanced the stemness of CRC cells by enriching the CD26/CD24‐positive cell population and promoting self‐renewal, chemotherapy resistance and the invasive potential of CRC cells. To clarify the mechanism underlying microRNA‐induced stemness, we profiled 45 cell signaling pathways in CRC cells overexpressing miR‐372/373 and found that stemness‐related pathways, such as Nanog and Hedgehog, were upregulated. Instead, differentiation‐related pathways, such as NFκB, MAPK/Erk and VDR, were markedly repressed by miR‐372/373. Numerous new targets of miR‐372/373 were identified, including SPOP, VDR and SETD7, all of which are factors important for cell differentiation. Furthermore, in contrast to the increase in miR‐372/373 expression in CRC tissues, the expression levels of SPOP and VDR mRNA were significantly downregulated in these tissues, indicative of the poor differentiation status of CRC. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR‐372/373 enhance CRC cell stemness by repressing the expression of differentiation genes. These results provide new insights for understanding the function and mechanisms of stem cell‐specific microRNAs in the development of metastasis and drug resistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Rui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Si Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Hu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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