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Jalilivand S, Izadirad M, Vazifeh Shiran N, Gharehbaghian A, Naserian S. The effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes on acute myeloid leukemia's biological functions: a focus on the potential role of LncRNAs. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:108. [PMID: 38777995 PMCID: PMC11111499 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia represents a group of malignant blood disorders that originate from clonal over-proliferation and the differentiation failure of hematopoietic precursors, resulting in the accumulation of blasts in the bone marrow. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to exert diverse effects on tumor cells through direct and indirect interaction. Exosomes, as one of the means of indirect intercellular communication, are released from different types of cells, including MSCs, and their various contents, such as lncRNAs, enable them to exert significant impacts on target cells. Our study aims to investigate the effects of BM-MSC exosomes on the cellular and molecular characterization of HL-60 AML cells, particularly detecting the alterations in the expression of lncRNAs involved in AML leukemogenesis, cell growth, drug resistance, and poor prognosis. BM-MSCs were cultured with serum-free culture media to isolate exosomes from their supernatants. The validation of exosomes was performed in three stages: morphological analysis using TEM, size evaluation using DLS, and CD marker identification using flow cytometry. Subsequently, the HL-60 AML cells were treated with isolated BM-MSC exosomes to determine the impact of their contents on leukemic cells. Cell metabolic activity was evaluated by the MTT assay, while cell cycle progression, apoptosis, ROS levels, and proliferation were assessed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, RT-qPCR was conducted to determine the expression levels of lncRNAs and apoptosis-, ROS-, and cell cycle-related genes. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis revealed that BM-MSC exosomes considerably suppressed cell metabolic activity, proliferation, and cell cycle progression. Also, these exosomes could effectively increase apoptosis and ROS levels in HL-60 cells. The expression levels of p53, p21, BAX, and FOXO4 were increased, while the BCL2 and c-Myc levels decreased. MALAT1, HOTAIR, and H19 expression levels were also significantly decreased in treated HL-60 cells compared to their untreated counterparts. BM-MSC exosomes suppress cell cycle progression, proliferation, and metabolic activity while simultaneously elevating the ROS index and apoptosis ratio in HL-60 cells, likely by reducing the expression levels of MALAT1, HOTAIR, and H19. These findings suggest that BM-MSC exosomes might serve as potential supportive therapies for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Jalilivand
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Izadirad
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Vazifeh Shiran
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gharehbaghian
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Connerty P, Lock RB. The tip of the iceberg-The roles of long noncoding RNAs in acute myeloid leukemia. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1796. [PMID: 37267628 PMCID: PMC10909534 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are traditionally defined as RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that have no protein coding potential. LncRNAs have been identified to be dysregulated in various types of cancer, including the deadly hematopoietic cancer-acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently, survival rates for AML have reached a plateau necessitating new therapeutic targets and biomarkers to improve treatment options and survival from the disease. Therefore, the identification of lncRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AML has major benefits. In this review, we assess the key studies which have recently identified lncRNAs as important molecules in AML and summarize the current knowledge of lncRNAs in AML. We delve into examples of the specific roles of lncRNA action in AML such as driving proliferation, differentiation block and therapy resistance as well as their function as tumor suppressors and utility as biomarkers. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Connerty
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Clinical MedicineUNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer ResearchUNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Richard B. Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Clinical MedicineUNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer ResearchUNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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3
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Baghdadi H, Heidari R, Zavvar M, Ahmadi N, Shakouri Khomartash M, Vahidi M, Mohammadimehr M, Bashash D, Ghorbani M. Long Non-Coding RNA Signatures in Lymphopoiesis and Lymphoid Malignancies. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:44. [PMID: 37624036 PMCID: PMC10458434 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoid cells play a critical role in the immune system, which includes three subgroups of T, B, and NK cells. Recognition of the complexity of the human genetics transcriptome in lymphopoiesis has revolutionized our understanding of the regulatory potential of RNA in normal lymphopoiesis and lymphoid malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules greater than 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs have recently attracted much attention due to their critical roles in various biological processes, including gene regulation, chromatin organization, and cell cycle control. LncRNAs can also be used for cell differentiation and cell fate, as their expression patterns are often specific to particular cell types or developmental stages. Additionally, lncRNAs have been implicated in lymphoid differentiation, such as regulating T-cell and B-cell development, and their expression has been linked to immune-associated diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma. In addition, lncRNAs have been investigated as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response to disease management. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the regulatory role of lncRNAs in physiopathology processes during normal lymphopoiesis and lymphoid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Baghdadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran; (H.B.); (M.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Reza Heidari
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran;
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran;
| | - Mahdi Zavvar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 443614177, Iran;
| | - Nazanin Ahmadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran;
| | | | - Mahmoud Vahidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran; (H.B.); (M.V.); (M.M.)
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran;
| | - Mojgan Mohammadimehr
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran; (H.B.); (M.V.); (M.M.)
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran;
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran;
| | - Mahdi Ghorbani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran; (H.B.); (M.V.); (M.M.)
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran;
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4
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Pathania AS. Crosstalk between Noncoding RNAs and the Epigenetics Machinery in Pediatric Tumors and Their Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2833. [PMID: 37345170 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, every year, an estimated 400,000+ new cancer cases affect children under the age of 20 worldwide. Unlike adult cancers, pediatric cancers develop very early in life due to alterations in signaling pathways that regulate embryonic development, and environmental factors do not contribute much to cancer development. The highly organized complex microenvironment controlled by synchronized gene expression patterns plays an essential role in the embryonic stages of development. Dysregulated development can lead to tumor initiation and growth. The low mutational burden in pediatric tumors suggests the predominant role of epigenetic changes in driving the cancer phenotype. However, one more upstream layer of regulation driven by ncRNAs regulates gene expression and signaling pathways involved in the development. Deregulation of ncRNAs can alter the epigenetic machinery of a cell, affecting the transcription and translation profiles of gene regulatory networks required for cellular proliferation and differentiation during embryonic development. Therefore, it is essential to understand the role of ncRNAs in pediatric tumor development to accelerate translational research to discover new treatments for childhood cancers. This review focuses on the role of ncRNA in regulating the epigenetics of pediatric tumors and their tumor microenvironment, the impact of their deregulation on driving pediatric tumor progress, and their potential as effective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup S Pathania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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5
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Wu C, Cui J, Huo Y, Shi L, Wang C. Alternative splicing of HOXB-AS3 underlie the promoting effect of nuclear m6A reader YTHDC1 on the self-renewal of leukemic stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:123990. [PMID: 36906205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
This research sought to elucidate the mechanism underlying the self-renewal capacity of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) to offer new insights into the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The expression of HOXB-AS3 and YTHDC1 in the AML samples was screened and verified in THP-1 cells and LSCs. The relationship between HOXB-AS3 and YTHDC1 was determined. HOXB-AS3 and YTHDC1 were knocked down through cell transduction to examine the effect of HOXB-AS3 and YTHDC1 on LSCs isolated from THP-1 cells. Tumor formation in mice was used to verify fore experiments. HOXB-AS3 and YTHDC1 were robustly induced in AML, in correlation with adverse prognosis in patients with AML. We found YTHDC1 bound HOXB-AS3 and regulated its expression. Overexpression of YTHDC1 or HOXB-AS3 promoted the proliferation of THP-1 cells and LSCs and impaired their apoptosis, increasing the number of LSCs in the blood and bone marrow of AML mice. YTHDC1 could upregulate the expression of HOXB-AS3 spliceosome NR_033205.1 via the m6A modification of HOXB-AS3 precursor RNA. By this mechanism, YTHDC1 accelerated the self-renewal of LSCs and the subsequent AML progression. This study identifies a crucial role for YTHDC1 in the regulation of LSC self-renewal in AML and suggests a new perspective for AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Jieke Cui
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Yankun Huo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Luyao Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China.
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6
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Zhou Q, Shu X, Chai Y, Liu W, Li Z, Xi Y. The non-coding competing endogenous RNAs in acute myeloid leukemia: biological and clinical implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114807. [PMID: 37150037 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic carcinoma that has seen a considerable improvement in patient prognosis because of genetic diagnostics and molecularly-targeted therapies. Nevertheless, recurrence and drug resistance remain significant obstacles to leukemia treatment. It is critical to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms and find solutions. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and pseudogenes, have been found to be crucial components in driving cancer. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism has expanded the complexity of miRNA-mediated gene regulation. A great deal of literature has shown that ncRNAs are essential to the biological functions of the ceRNA network (ceRNET). NcRNAs can compete for the same miRNA response elements to influence miRNA-target RNA interactions. Recent evidence suggests that ceRNA might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic strategy. So far, however, there have been no comprehensive studies on ceRNET about AML. What is not yet clear is the clinical application of ceRNA in AML. This study attempts to summarize the development of research on the related ceRNAs in AML and the roles of ncRNAs in ceRNET. We also briefly describe the mechanisms of ceRNA and ceRNET. What's more significant is that we explore the clinical value of ceRNAs to provide accurate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets. Finally, limitations and prospects are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaojun Shu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yihong Chai
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wenling Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zijian Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yaming Xi
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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7
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Giannuzzi F, Maiullari S, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. The Mission of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Human Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells and Renal Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081115. [PMID: 37190024 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large, heterogeneous class of transcripts and key regulators of gene expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in different cellular contexts and biological processes. Understanding the potential mechanisms of action of lncRNAs and their role in disease onset and development may open up new possibilities for therapeutic approaches in the future. LncRNAs also play an important role in renal pathogenesis. However, little is known about lncRNAs that are expressed in the healthy kidney and that are involved in renal cell homeostasis and development, and even less is known about lncRNAs involved in human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPC) homeostasis. Here we give a thorough overview of the biogenesis, degradation, and functions of lncRNAs and highlight our current understanding of their functional roles in kidney diseases. We also discuss how lncRNAs regulate stem cell biology, focusing finally on their role in human adult renal stem/progenitor cells, in which the lncRNA HOTAIR prevents them from becoming senescent and supports these cells to secrete high quantities of α-Klotho, an anti-aging protein capable of influencing the surrounding tissues and therefore modulating the renal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giannuzzi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Maiullari
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
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8
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Farzaneh M, Najafi S, Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush M, Nezhad Dehbashi F, Anbiyaee O, Nasrolahi A, Azizidoost S. The stem cell-specific long non-coding RNAs in leukemia. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:345-351. [PMID: 36168086 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is defined as a heterogeneous group of hematological cancers whose prevalence is on the rise worldwide. Despite the large body of studies, the etiology of leukemia has not been fully elucidated. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells that sustain the growth of the leukemic clone and are the main culprit for the maintenance of the neoplasm. In contrast to most leukemia cells, LSCs are resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy. Several recent studies demonstrated the altered expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in LSCs and shed light on the role of lncRNAs in the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of LSCs. LncRNAs are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that are implicated in several cellular and molecular processes such as gene expression, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. Likewise, lncRNAs have shown a prognostic marker in leukemia patients and represent novel treatment options. Herein, we review the current knowledge concerning lncRNAs' implication in the pathogenesis of LSCs and discuss their prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fereshteh Nezhad Dehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Anbiyaee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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9
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Guo D, Zhang A, Suo M, Wang P, Liang Y. ELK1-Induced upregulation of long non-coding TNK2-AS1 promotes the progression of acute myeloid leukemia by EZH2-mediated epigenetic silencing of CELF2. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:117-130. [PMID: 35941836 PMCID: PMC9769447 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2109898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the second most common hematological malignancy after lymphoma in the world. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been suggested as key regulators of cancer development and progression in AML. As a member of lncRNA family, the biological role and mechanisms of tyrosine kinase non receptor 2 antisense RNA 1 (TNK2-AS1) in AML is still unclear. The expression of TNK2-AS1 was measured with RT-qPCR in AML cell lines. The changes of the proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation in TNK2-AS1 shRNA-transfected HL-60 and THP-1 cells were detected with CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, Western blot, and NBT assays. Molecular control of TNK2-AS1 on CUGBP Elav-like family member 2 (CELF2) and ETS domain-containing protein-1 (ELK1) on TNK2-AS1 was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RT-qPCR, Western blot, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. TNK2-AS1 expression was upregulated in AML cell lines and negatively correlated with survival patients. Knockdown of TNK2-AS1 markedly reduced AML cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis and differentiation. Likewise, TNK2-AS1 knockdown significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, the upregulation of TNK2-AS1 was activated by transcription factor ELK1. We also uncovered that TNK2-AS1 exerted tumor-promoting effect through silencing CELF2 via binding with EZH2, thus activating PI3K/Akt pathway in AML cells. Elevated expression of TNK2-AS1 was induced by ELK1 and facilitated AML progression by suppressing CELF2 expression via EZH2-mediated epigenetic silencing, suggesting TNK2-AS1 may be a promising therapeutic target and prognostic marker for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Airong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Meifang Suo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Yile Liang
- Deparment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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10
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Gasic V, Karan-Djurasevic T, Pavlovic D, Zukic B, Pavlovic S, Tosic N. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Leukemia. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1770. [PMID: 36362925 PMCID: PMC9695865 DOI: 10.3390/life12111770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a heterogenous group of hematological malignancies categorized in four main types (acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Several cytogenetic and molecular markers have become a part of routine analysis for leukemia patients. These markers have been used in diagnosis, risk-stratification and targeted therapy application. Recent studies have indicated that numerous regulatory RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have a role in tumor initiation and progression. When it comes to leukemia, data for lncRNA involvement in its etiology, progression, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis is limited. The aim of this review is to summarize research data on lncRNAs in different types of leukemia, on their expression pattern, their role in leukemic transformation and disease progression. The usefulness of this information in the clinical setting, i.e., for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, will be emphasized. Finally, how particular lncRNAs could be used as potential targets for the application of targeted therapy will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gasic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
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11
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Picerno A, Giannuzzi F, Curci C, De Palma G, Di Chiano MG, Simone S, Franzin R, Gallone A, Di Lorenzo VF, Stasi A, Pertosa GB, Sabbà C, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR controls the self-renewal, cell senescence, and secretion of antiaging protein α-Klotho in human adult renal progenitor cells. Stem Cells 2022; 40:963-975. [PMID: 35922038 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play an important role in several biological processes including some renal diseases. Nevertheless, little is known on lncRNA that are expressed in healthy kidney and involved in renal cell homeostasis and development, and even less is known about lncRNA involved in the maintenance of human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPCs) that have been shown to be very important for renal homeostasis and repair processes. Through a whole genome transcriptome screening, we found that the HOTAIR lncRNA is highly expressed in renal progenitors and potentially involved in cell cycle and senescence biological processes. By CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated HOTAIR knock-out ARPC lines and established a key role of this lncRNA in ARPC self-renewal properties by sustaining their proliferative capacity and limiting the apoptotic process. Intriguingly, the HOTAIR knock-out led to the ARPC senescence and to a significant decrease of the CD133 stem cell marker expression, that is an inverse marker of ARPC senescence and can regulate renal tubular repair after the damage. Furthermore, we found that ARPCs expressed high levels of the α-Klotho anti-aging protein and especially 2.6-fold higher levels compared to that secreted by renal proximal tubular cells (RPTECs). Finally, we showed that HOTAIR exerts its function through the epigenetic silencing of the cell cycle inhibitor p15 inducing the trimethylation of the histone H3K27. Altogether, these results shed new light on the mechanisms of regulation of these important renal cells and may support the future development of precision therapies for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Picerno
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Giannuzzi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Di Chiano
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italia
| | - Simona Simone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Gallone
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Pertosa
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
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12
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Chen G, Yin S, Zeng H, Li H, Wan X. Regulation of Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081151. [PMID: 36013330 PMCID: PMC9410528 DOI: 10.3390/life12081151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are a type of cells capable of self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation. The self-renewal of ESCs is regulated by factors including signaling pathway proteins, transcription factors, epigenetic regulators, cytokines, and small molecular compounds. Similarly, non-coding RNAs, small RNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) also play an important role in the process. Functionally, the core transcription factors interact with helper transcription factors to activate the expression of genes that contribute to maintaining pluripotency, while suppressing the expression of differentiation-related genes. Additionally, cytokines such as leukemia suppressor factor (LIF) stimulate downstream signaling pathways and promote self-renewal of ESCs. Particularly, LIF binds to its receptor (LIFR/gp130) to trigger the downstream Jak-Stat3 signaling pathway. BMP4 activates the downstream pathway and acts in combination with Jak-Stat3 to promote pluripotency of ESCs in the absence of serum. In addition, activation of the Wnt-FDZ signaling pathway has been observed to facilitate the self-renewal of ESCs. Small molecule modulator proteins of the pathway mentioned above are widely used in in vitro culture of stem cells. Multiple epigenetic regulators are involved in the maintenance of ESCs self-renewal, making the epigenetic status of ESCs a crucial factor in this process. Similarly, non-coding RNAs and cellular energetics have been described to promote the maintenance of the ESC's self-renewal. These factors regulate the self-renewal and differentiation of ESCs by forming signaling networks. This review focused on the role of major transcription factors, signaling pathways, small molecular compounds, epigenetic regulators, non-coding RNAs, and cellular energetics in ESC's self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China;
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (H.L.); (X.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-021-20261000 (ext. 1379) (G.C.)
| | - Shasha Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China;
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Haisen Li
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (H.L.); (X.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-021-20261000 (ext. 1379) (G.C.)
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China;
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (H.L.); (X.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-021-20261000 (ext. 1379) (G.C.)
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13
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Histone Modifications and Non-Coding RNAs: Mutual Epigenetic Regulation and Role in Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105801. [PMID: 35628612 PMCID: PMC9146199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, more and more scientists have suggested and confirmed that epigenetic regulators are tightly connected and form a comprehensive network of regulatory pathways and feedback loops. This is particularly interesting for a better understanding of processes that occur in the development and progression of various diseases. Appearing on the preclinical stages of diseases, epigenetic aberrations may be prominent biomarkers. Being dynamic and reversible, epigenetic modifications could become targets for a novel option for therapy. Therefore, in this review, we are focusing on histone modifications and ncRNAs, their mutual regulation, role in cellular processes and potential clinical application.
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14
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Neyazi S, Ng M, Heckl D, Klusmann JH. Long noncoding RNAs as regulators of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Mol Cell Pediatr 2022; 9:10. [PMID: 35596093 PMCID: PMC9123150 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-022-00142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly emerging as regulators across human development and disease, and many have been described in the context of hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. These studies have yielded new molecular insights into the contribution of lncRNAs to AML development and revealed connections between lncRNA expression and clinical parameters in AML patients. In this mini review, we illustrate the versatile functions of lncRNAs in AML, with a focus on pediatric AML, and present examples that may serve as future therapeutic targets or predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Neyazi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Michelle Ng
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dirk Heckl
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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15
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Zhu B, Zhong W, Cao X, Pan G, Xu M, Zheng J, Chen H, Feng X, Luo C, Lu C, Xiao J, Lin W, Lai C, Li M, Du X, Yi Q, Yan D. Loss of miR-31-5p drives hematopoietic stem cell malignant transformation and restoration eliminates leukemia stem cells in mice. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabh2548. [PMID: 35080912 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) propagate leukemia and are responsible for the high frequency of relapse of treated patients. The ability to target LSCs remains elusive, indicating a need to understand the underlying mechanism of LSC formation. Here, we report that miR-31-5p is reduced or undetectable in human LSCs compared to hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs). Inhibition of miR-31-5p in HSPCs promotes the expression of its target gene FIH, encoding FIH [factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducing factor 1α (HIF-1α)], to suppress HIF-1α signaling. Increased FIH resulted in a switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as the predominant mode of energy metabolism and increased the abundance of the oncometabolite fumarate. Increased fumarate promoted the conversion of HSPCs to LSCs and initiated myeloid leukemia-like disease in NOD-Prkdcscid IL2rgtm1/Bcgen (B-NDG) mice. We further demonstrated that miR-31-5p inhibited long- and short-term hematopoietic stem cells with a high frequency of LSCs. In combination with the chemotherapeutic agent Ara-C (cytosine arabinoside), restoration of miR-31-5p using G7 poly (amidoamine) nanosized dendriplex encapsulating miR-31-5p eliminated LSCs and inhibited acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression in patient-derived xenograft mouse models. These results demonstrated a mechanism of HSC malignant transformation through altered energy metabolism and provided a potential therapeutic strategy to treat patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenbin Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiuye Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guoping Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengyang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huanzhao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoqin Feng
- Hematology and Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chengwei Luo
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Chen Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weize Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chaofeng Lai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mingchuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Qing Yi
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daoguang Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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16
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Chen J, Hou SF, Tang FJ, Liu DS, Chen ZZ, Zhang HL, Wang SH. HOTAIR/Sp1/miR-199a critically regulates cancer stemness and malignant progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:99-111. [PMID: 34697449 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a well-characterized oncogene in multiple human cancers, but not in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). In this study, we focused on investigating the potential role of HOTAIR in stemness of CSCC. By measuring its expression using RT-qPCR in CSCC vs. normal tissues, as well as in CSCC cell lines A431 or SCC13, A431- or SCC13-derived CSCC stem cells (CSCSCs), and normal skin fibroblasts (HSFs), we detected higher expression of HOTAIR in CSCC than in normal tissues, in recurrent than in non-recurrent CSCC tissues, in CSCCs and CSCSCs than in HSFs, and particularly, in CSCSCs than in CSCCs. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that higher expression of HOTAIR was positively correlated with worse overall survival of CSCC patients. Functional assays on colony formation, EdU incorporation, sphere formation, western blot on stem-cell biomarkers, and in vivo models showed that HOTAIR was essential in maintaining multiple stem cell phenotypes of CSCSCs in vitro and in vivo xenograft growth as well as metastasis. Mechanistically, HOTAIR directly interacted with and up-regulated Sp1. Sp1 then induced DNMT1-mediated promoter methylation and direct transcriptional repression of miR-199a-5p. Targeting Sp1 or DNMT1 further boosted the in vivo anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activities of targeting HOTAIR. In conclusion, HOTAIR, by up-regulating Sp1 and targeting miR-199a, promotes stemness and progression of CSCC. Targeting HOTAIR, Sp1 or the underlying mechanisms may thus benefit CSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shu-Fen Hou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Feng-Jie Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Dai-Song Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zi-Zi Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hong-Lian Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China.
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17
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Kirtonia A, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Zabolian A, Bejandi AK, Rani R, Pandey AK, Baligar P, Kumar V, Das BC, Garg M. Long noncoding RNAs: A novel insight in the leukemogenesis and drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:450-465. [PMID: 34569616 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common hematological disorder with heterogeneous nature that resulted from blocked myeloid differentiation and an enhanced number of immature myeloid progenitors. During several decades, different factors, including cytogenetic, genetic, and epigenetic have been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of AML by inhibiting the differentiation and ensuring the proliferation of myeloid blast cells. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been considered as potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic factors in different human malignancies including AML. Altered expression of lncRNAs is correlated with the transformation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into leukemic blast cells because of their distinct role in the key cellular processes. We discuss the significant role of lncRNAs in the proliferation, survival, differentiation, leukemic stem cells in AML and their involvement in different molecular pathways (insulin-like growth factor type I receptor, FLT3, c-KIT, Wnt, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase-B, microRNAs), and associated mechanisms such as autophagy, apoptosis, and glucose metabolism. In addition, we aim to highlight the role of lncRNAs as reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and drug resistance for precision medicine in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Kirtonia
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Division of Epidemiology and Zoonoses, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe K Bejandi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reshma Rani
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIB), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit K Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIB), Amity University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Prakash Baligar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinit Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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18
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Izadirad M, Jafari L, James AR, Unfried JP, Wu ZX, Chen ZS. Long noncoding RNAs have pivotal roles in chemoresistance of acute myeloid leukemia. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1735-1743. [PMID: 33781951 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) experience poor outcomes following traditional high-dose chemotherapies and complete remission rates remain suboptimal. Chemoresistance is an obstacle to effective chemotherapy and the precise mechanisms involved remain to be determined. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as relevant factors in the development of drug resistance in patients with AML. Furthermore, accumulating data support the importance of lncRNAs as potentially useful novel therapeutic targets in many cancers. Here, we review the role of lncRNAs in the development and induction of the chemoresistance in AML, and suggest lncRNAs as novel molecular markers for diagnosis, prediction of patient response to chemotherapy, and novel therapeutic targets for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Izadirad
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Jafari
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alva Rani James
- Digital Health & Machine Learning, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Unfried
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY, USA.
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19
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Xie G, Huang B, Sun Y, Wu C, Han Y. RWSF-BLP: a novel lncRNA-disease association prediction model using random walk-based multi-similarity fusion and bidirectional label propagation. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 296:473-483. [PMID: 33590345 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies and experiments have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a massive impact on various biological processes. Predicting potential associations between lncRNAs and diseases not only can improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of human diseases but also can facilitate the identification of biomarkers for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. However, identifying such associations through experiments is costly and demanding, thereby prompting researchers to develop computational methods to complement these experiments. In this paper, we constructed a novel model called RWSF-BLP (a novel lncRNA-disease association prediction model using Random Walk-based multi-Similarity Fusion and Bidirectional Label Propagation), which applies an efficient random walk-based multi-similarity fusion (RWSF) method to fuse different similarity matrices and utilizes bidirectional label propagation to predict potential lncRNA-disease associations. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and 5-fold cross-validation (5-fold-CV) were implemented in the evaluation RWSF-BLP performance. Results showed that, RWSF-BLP has reliable AUCs of 0.9086 and 0.9115 ± 0.0044 under the framework of LOOCV and 5-fold-CV and outperformed other four canonical methods. Case studies on lung cancer and leukemia demonstrated that potential lncRNA-disease associations can be predicted through our method. Therefore, our method can accurately infer potential lncRNA-disease associations and may be a good choice in future biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobo Xie
- School of Computer Science, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- School of Computer Science, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Sun
- School of Computer Science, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Changhai Wu
- School of Computer Science, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiong Han
- School of Computer Science, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Elcheva IA, Spiegelman VS. The Role of cis- and trans-Acting RNA Regulatory Elements in Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3854. [PMID: 33419342 PMCID: PMC7766907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA molecules are a source of phenotypic diversity and an operating system that connects multiple genetic and metabolic processes in the cell. A dysregulated RNA network is a common feature of cancer. Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), micro RNA (miRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) in tumors compared to their normal counterparts, as well as the recurrent mutations in functional regulatory cis-acting RNA motifs have emerged as biomarkers of disease development and progression, opening avenues for the design of novel therapeutic approaches. This review looks at the progress, challenges and future prospects of targeting cis-acting and trans-acting RNA elements for leukemia diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A. Elcheva
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, P.O. Box 850, MC H085, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
| | - Vladimir S. Spiegelman
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, P.O. Box 850, MC H085, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
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21
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The oncogenic role of LncRNA FAM83C-AS1 in colorectal cancer development by epigenetically inhibits SEMA3F via stabilizing EZH2. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:20396-20412. [PMID: 33109776 PMCID: PMC7655168 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inactivation of Semaphorin 3F (SEMA3F) is involved in colorectal cancer development. However, the mechanism by which SEMA3F is regulated remains elusive. Deregulation of lncRNAs have been implicated in multiple human malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). To date, it is still unclear whether and how lncRNA regulates SEMA3F expression and mediates CRC progression. Here we identify the oncogenic role of lncRNA FAM83C antisense RNA 1 (FAM83C-AS1) in CRC. FAM83C-AS1 is upregulated in tumor tissues and cells of CRC, which is negatively correlated with SEMA3F expression. Reciprocally, knockdown of FAM83C-AS1 exhibits inhibitory effects on the malignant transformation of CRC. Moreover, our data uncover that FAM83C-AS1 enhances methylation of SEMA3F promoter H3K27me3 via upregulating methyltransferase enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2). Specifically, FAM83C-AS1 stabilizes EZH2 protein through recruiting the zinc finger RANBP2-type containing 1 (ZRANB1). Both in vitro and in vivo rescue assays exhibit that SEMA3F is dispensable for the tumor-promoting effects of FAM83C-AS1 on CRC progression. Our data thus demonstrate that the epigenetic role of FAM83C-AS1 in suppression of SEMA3F expression through stabilization of EZH2 to drive CRC progression, which may be conducive to discovering novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of CRC.
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22
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Guo C, Gao YY, Ju QQ, Zhang CX, Gong M, Li ZL. LINC00649 underexpression is an adverse prognostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:841. [PMID: 32883226 PMCID: PMC7469387 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play a role in leukemogenesis, maintenance, development, and therapeutic resistance of AML. While few studies have focused on the prognostic significance of LINC00649 in AML, which we aim to investigate in this present study. METHODS We compared the expression level of LINC00649 between AML patients and healthy controls. The Kaplan-Meier curves of AML patients expressing high versus low level of LINC00649 was performed. The LINC00649 correlated genes/miRNAs/lncRNAs and methylation CpG sites were screened by Pearson correlation analysis with R (version 3.6.0), using TCGA-LAML database. The LINC00649 associated ceRNA network was established using lncBase 2.0 and miRWalk 2.0 online tools, combining results from correlation analysis. Finally, a prediction model was constructed using LASSO-Cox regression. RESULTS LINC00649 was underexpressed in bone marrow of AML group than that in healthy control group. The patients of LINC00649-low group have significantly inferior PFS and OS. A total of 154 mRNAs, 31 miRNAs, 28 lncRNAs and 1590 methylated CpG sites were identified to be significantly correlated with LINC00649. Furthermore, the network of ceRNA was established with 6 miRNAs and 122 mRNAs. The Lasso-Cox model fitted OS/PFS to novel prediction models, which integrated clinical factors, ELN risk stratification, mRNA/miRNA expression and methylation profiles. The analysis of time-dependent ROC for our model showed a superior AUC (AUC = 0.916 at 1 year, AUC = 0.916 at 3 years, and AUC = 0.891 at 5 years). CONCLUSIONS Low expression of LINC00649 is a potential unfavorable prognostic marker for AML patients, which requires the further validation. The analysis by LASSO-COX regression identified a novel comprehensive model with a superior diagnostic utility, which integrated clinical and genetic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guo
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Yue Gao
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ju
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Xia Zhang
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Li
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China.
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23
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Liu Y, Sun P, Zhao Y, Liu B. The role of long non-coding RNAs and downstream signaling pathways in leukemia progression. Hematol Oncol 2020; 39:27-40. [PMID: 32621547 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The study of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) is a newly established field and our knowledge about them is rapidly growing. These kinds of RNAs are unchanged parts of the genome throughout evolution, that modulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis during diverse physiological and pathological processes including leukemia development. They have the capability to be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, clinical typing, prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets. In this study, we summarized the role of lncRNAs in the expression and function of white blood cells and oncogenic transformation into four main types of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Penghao Sun
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yang F, Chen X, Li X, Chen J, Tang Y, Cai Y, Wang Y, Chen Z, Li L, Li R, Deng Z. Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA 1089 Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Metastasis in Gastric Cancer by Regulating miRNA-27a-3p/Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5587-5596. [PMID: 32753971 PMCID: PMC7358073 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s254064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the expression and biological function of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1089 (LINC01089) in gastric cancer (GC) progression and its underlying mechanism. Methods LINC01089 and microRNA-27a-3p (miR-27a-3p) expressions were detected with the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell assay. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were also measured by Western blot. The relationship between LINC01089 and miR-27a-3p was revealed by a bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results LINC01089 was significantly down-regulated in GC tissues, as well as GC cell lines. GC patients with lower LINC01089 expression were more likely to have poor outcomes. Overexpression of LINC01089 significantly suppressed GC cells growth, migration and invasion and forbade the EMT process. LINC01089 was directly targeted at miR-27a-3p. The transfection of miR-27a-3p mimics reversed the inhibitory effects on proliferative and metastatic abilities of GC cells with LINC01089 overexpression. Conclusion LINC01089 inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis in GC by targeting miR-27a-3p/EMT axis, which should be considered as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchang Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiping Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, People's Republic of China
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Shi Y, Yang R, Tu L, Liu D. Long non‑coding RNA HOTAIR promotes burn wound healing by regulating epidermal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1811-1820. [PMID: 32582996 PMCID: PMC7411415 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Local transplantation of epidermal stem cells (ESCs) exerts a therapeutic effect on burn wounds. However, cell viability can impede their clinical application. HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is involved in regulating adult tissue stem cells, as well as in developmental patterning and pluripotency. However, little is known about its role in regulating ESCs. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of HOTAIR in the modulation of ESCs and wound repair. Firstly, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative expression of HOTAIR during burn wound healing in mice to determine whether HOTAIR is associated with wound healing. Subsequently, ESCs derived from mouse skin were transfected with a lentiviral vector to overexpress or knockdown HOTAIR. The effects of HOTAIR on cell proliferation and differentiation were measured by 5-bromodeoxyuridine and MTT assays, and by assessing NANOG mRNA expression. Lastly, mice with burns were administered a subcutaneous injection of HOTAIR-overexpressing ESCs. Images were captured and histological analyses were performed to evaluate wound healing. The results revealed that the expression of HOTAIR gradually increased and peaked at day 7 post-burn and maintained at relatively high levels until day 14 post-burn during wound healing. Furthermore, overexpression of HOTAIR promoted ESC proliferation and maintained the stem cell state in vitro. By contrast, suppression of HOTAIR inhibited cell proliferation and cell stemness. It was also identified that HOTIR-overexpressing ESCs accelerated re-epithelialization and facilitated burn wound repair. In conclusion, the present findings confirmed an essential role of HOTAIR in the regulation of ESC proliferation and stemness. Therefore, targeting HOTAIR in ESCs may be a potentially promising therapy for burn wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Burns Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Burns Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Longxiang Tu
- Burns Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Dewu Liu
- Burns Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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26
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Expression of non-coding RNAs in hematological malignancies. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 875:172976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Gao J, Wang F, Wu P, Chen Y, Jia Y. Aberrant LncRNA Expression in Leukemia. J Cancer 2020; 11:4284-4296. [PMID: 32368311 PMCID: PMC7196264 DOI: 10.7150/jca.42093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a common malignant cancer of the hematopoietic system, whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding function. Recent studies report their role in cellular processes such as the regulation of gene expression, as well as in the carcinogenesis, occurrence, development, and prognosis of various tumors. Evidence indicating relationships between a variety of lncRNAs and leukemia pathophysiology has increased dramatically in the previous decade, with specific lncRNAs expected to serve as diagnostic biomarkers, novel therapeutic targets, and predictors of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, these lncRNAs might offer insight into disease pathogenesis and novel treatment options. This review summarizes progress in studies on the role(s) of lncRNAs in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fujue Wang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengqiang Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongqian Jia
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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28
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Shi Y, Zhu Y, Zheng X, Zheng Z. LINC00449 regulates the proliferation and invasion of acute monocytic leukemia and predicts favorable prognosis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6536-6547. [PMID: 31960456 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly aggressive disease that causes high mortality. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) have studied in recent years that could be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to explore the novel lncRNAs in AML. Microarray analysis was performed to determine the differentially expressed lncRNAs between mononuclear cells of AML and normal samples. The biological function of lncRNA on cell proliferation and migration was measured in vitro. The predicted downstream target of lncRNA was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, and rescue experiments. The tumor formation and metastasis study were conducted in vivo. The expression of lncRNA in clinical samples was determined by a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. LINC00449 was one of the most differentially expressed lncRNA which is mainly located in the cytoplasm. We found that overexpression of LINC00449 could inhibit the cell proliferation and invasion of AML cells in vitro and in vivo. Besides, miR-150 was identified as the downstream target gene that was negatively regulated by LINC00449 and FOXD3 was targeted by miR-150. The results were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, rescue experiments, and in vivo assays. Patients with AML with high expression of LINC0049 may characterize a favorable survival. All the above-mentioned findings indicated that the LINC00449/miR-150/FOXD3 signaling pathway might represent a novel prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shi
- Laboratory of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuandong Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Cancer Immunotherapy Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuojun Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Cancer Immunotherapy Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, China
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29
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Gourvest M, Brousset P, Bousquet M. Long Noncoding RNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Functional Characterization and Clinical Relevance. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111638. [PMID: 31653018 PMCID: PMC6896193 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the most common form of leukemia in adults with an incidence of 4.3 per 100,000 cases per year. Historically, the identification of genetic alterations in AML focused on protein-coding genes to provide biomarkers and to understand the molecular complexity of AML. Despite these findings and because of the heterogeneity of this disease, questions as to the molecular mechanisms underlying AML development and progression remained unsolved. Recently, transcriptome-wide profiling approaches have uncovered a large family of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Larger than 200 nucleotides and with no apparent protein coding potential, lncRNAs could unveil a new set of players in AML development. Originally considered as dark matter, lncRNAs have critical roles to play in the different steps of gene expression and thus affect cellular homeostasis including proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration or genomic stability. Consequently, lncRNAs are found to be differentially expressed in tumors, notably in AML, and linked to the transformation of healthy cells into leukemic cells. In this review, we aim to summarize the knowledge concerning lncRNAs functions and implications in AML, with a particular emphasis on their prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Gourvest
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III-CNRS ERL5294, 31037 Toulouse, France.
| | - Pierre Brousset
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III-CNRS ERL5294, 31037 Toulouse, France.
| | - Marina Bousquet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III-CNRS ERL5294, 31037 Toulouse, France.
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30
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Wurm AA, Pina C. Long Non-coding RNAs as Functional and Structural Chromatin Modulators in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:899. [PMID: 31572684 PMCID: PMC6749032 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is a hematopoietic neoplasm of dismal prognosis that results from the accumulation of immature myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. It is strongly dependent on epigenetic regulation for disease onset, maintenance and in response to treatment. Epigenetic regulation refers to the multiple chemical modifications of DNA or DNA-associated proteins that alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility in a heritable manner, without changing DNA sequence. Unlike sequence-specific transcription factors, epigenetic regulators do not necessarily bind DNA at consensus sequences, but still achieve reproducible target binding in a manner that is cell and maturation-type specific. A growing body of evidence indicates that epigenetic regulators rely, amongst other factors, on their interaction with untranslated RNA molecules for guidance to particular targets on DNA. Non (protein)-coding RNAs are the most abundant transcriptional products of the coding genome, and comprise several different classes of molecules with unique lengths, conformations and targets. Amongst these, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are species of 200 bp to >100 K bp in length, that recognize, and bind unique and largely uncharacterized DNA conformations. Some have been shown to bind epigenetic regulators, and thus constitute attractive candidates to mediate epigenetic target specificity. Herein, we postulate that lncRNAs are central players in the unique epigenetic programming of AML and review recent evidence in support of this view. We discuss the value of lncRNAs as putative diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets in myeloid leukemias and indicate novel directions in this exciting research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Wurm
- Department of Medical Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cristina Pina
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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31
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Ng M, Heckl D, Klusmann JH. The Regulatory Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:570. [PMID: 31338324 PMCID: PMC6629768 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this post-genomic era, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are rapidly gaining recognition for their crucial roles across diverse biological processes and contexts. The human blood system is no exception, where dozens of lncRNAs have been established as regulators of normal and/or malignant hematopoiesis, and where ongoing works continue to uncover novel lncRNA functions. Our review focuses on lncRNAs that are involved in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the mechanisms through which they control gene expression in this disease context. We also comment on genome-wide sequencing or profiling studies that have implicated large sets of lncRNAs in AML pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ng
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dirk Heckl
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Jan-Henning Klusmann
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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32
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Liu Y, Cheng Z, Pang Y, Cui L, Qian T, Quan L, Zhao H, Shi J, Ke X, Fu L. Role of microRNAs, circRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:51. [PMID: 31126316 PMCID: PMC6534901 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant tumor of the immature myeloid hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow (BM). It is a highly heterogeneous disease, with rising morbidity and mortality in older patients. Although researches over the past decades have improved our understanding of AML, its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are three noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that regulate DNA transcription and translation. With the development of RNA-Seq technology, more and more ncRNAs that are closely related to AML leukemogenesis have been discovered. Numerous studies have found that these ncRNAs play an important role in leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Some may potentially be used as prognostic biomarkers. In this systematic review, we briefly described the characteristics and molecular functions of three groups of ncRNAs, including lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, and discussed their relationships with AML in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Zhiheng Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Yifan Pang
- Department of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Longzhen Cui
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Tingting Qian
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Liang Quan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hongyou Zhao
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. .,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. .,Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
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33
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Ding Z, Ye P, Yang X, Cai H. LncRNA FBXL19-AS1 promotes breast cancer cells proliferation and invasion via acting as a molecular sponge to miR-718. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182018. [PMID: 30886065 PMCID: PMC6443947 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested to serve vital roles in tumor initiation and progression. However, the expression and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA FBXL19-AS1 in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear. In the present study, we found that FBXL19-AS1 expression was significantly up-regulated and correlated with advanced clinical features and poor overall survival of BC patients. Functionally, FBXL19-AS1 inhibition suppressed BC cells proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in vitro and reduced tumor growth in vivo In addition, we found that FBXL19-AS1 might function as a ceRNA to sponge miR-718, and miR-718 could rescue the effects of FBXL19-AS1 on BC cells progression. Therefore, these findings suggested that FBXL19-AS1 might serve as an oncogenic lncRNA and promoted BC progression by sponging miR-718, indicating FBXL19-AS1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmin Ding
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Pengcheng Ye
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaohu Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hongmiao Cai
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
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34
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Sarfi M, Abbastabar M, Khalili E. Long noncoding RNAs biomarker-based cancer assessment. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16971-16986. [PMID: 30835829 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis have mainly relied on the incorporation of molecular biomarkers as part of routine diagnostic tool. The molecular alteration ranges from those involving DNA, RNA, noncoding RNAs (microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs]) and proteins. lncRNAs are recently discovered noncoding endogenous RNAs that critically regulates the development, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. They are dysregulated in different types of malignancies and have the potential to serve as diagnostic markers for cancer. The expression of noncoding RNAs is altered following many diseases, and besides, some of them can be secreted from the cells into the circulation following the apoptotic and necrotic cell death. These secreted noncoding RNAs are known as cell free RNA. These RNAs can be secreted from the cell through the apoptotic body, extracellular vesicles including microvesicle and exosome, and bind to proteins. Since, lncRNAs display high organ and cell specificity, can be found in the blood, urine, tumor tissue, or other tissues or bodily fluids of some patients with cancer, this review summarizes the most significant and up-to-date findings of research on lncRNAs involvement in different cancers, focusing on the potential of cancer-related lncRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sarfi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbastabar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Khalili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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35
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Long Non-Coding RNA and Acute Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030735. [PMID: 30744139 PMCID: PMC6387068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia (AL) is the main type of cancer in children worldwide. Mortality by this disease is high in developing countries and its etiology remains unanswered. Evidences showing the role of the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of hematological malignancies have increased drastically in the last decade. In addition to the contribution of these lncRNAs in leukemogenesis, recent studies have suggested that lncRNAs could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response in leukemia patients. The focus of this review is to describe the functional classification, biogenesis, and the role of lncRNAs in leukemogenesis, to summarize the evidence about the lncRNAs which are playing a role in AL, and how these genes could be useful as potential therapeutic targets.
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