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Yang X, Sun A, Kong L, Yang X, Zhao X, Wang S. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome alleviates cognitive deficits in a mouse model of anti-NMDAR encephalitis induced by active immunization. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112374. [PMID: 38851162 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a neurological disorder, characterized by cognitive deficits as one of its vital features. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key contributor to neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits in neurological diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of anti-NMDAR encephalitis remains unclear, and the biological function of the NLRP3 inflammasome in this condition has not been elucidated. In this study, a mouse model of anti-NMDAR encephalitis was induced by active immunization with the GluN1356-385 peptide (NEA model). The NLRP3 inflammasome in the hippocampus and temporal cortex was investigated using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. The impact of MCC950 on cognitive function and NLRP3 inflammation was assessed. Confocal immunofluorescence staining and Sholl analysis were employed to examine the function and morphology of microglia. In the current study, we discovered overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and an enhanced inflammatory response in the NEA model, particularly in the hippocampus and temporal cortex. Furthermore, significant cognitive dysfunction was observed in the NEA model. While, MCC950, a selective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome, sharply attenuated the inflammatory response in mice, leading to mitigated cognitive deficits of mice and more regular arrangements of neurons and reduced number of hyperchromatic cells were also observed in the hippocampus area. In addition, we found that the excess elevation of NLRP3 inflammasome was mainly expressed in microglia accompanied with the overactivation of microglia, while MCC950 treatment significantly inhibited the increased number and activated morphological changes of microglia in the NEA model. Altogether, our study reveals the vital role of overactivated NLRP3 signaling pathway in aggravating the inflammatory response and cognitive deficits and the potential protective effect of MCC950 in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Thus, MCC950 represents a promising strategy for anti-inflammation in anti-NMDAR encephalitis and our study lays a theoretical foundation for it to become a clinically targeted drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Anqi Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Liangbo Kong
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuhe Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
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Pan X, Gao Y, Guan K, Chen J, Ji B. Ghrelin/GHSR System in Depressive Disorder: Pathologic Roles and Therapeutic Implications. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7324-7338. [PMID: 39057075 PMCID: PMC11275499 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most common chronic mental illness and is characterized by low mood, insomnia, and affective disorders. However, its pathologic mechanisms remain unclear. Numerous studies have suggested that the ghrelin/GHSR system may be involved in the pathophysiologic process of depression. Ghrelin plays a dual role in experimental animals, increasing depressed behavior and decreasing anxiety. By combining several neuropeptides and traditional neurotransmitter systems to construct neural networks, this hormone modifies signals connected to depression. The present review focuses on the role of ghrelin in neuritogenesis, astrocyte protection, inflammatory factor production, and endocrine disruption in depression. Furthermore, ghrelin/GHSR can activate multiple signaling pathways, including cAMP/CREB/BDNF, PI3K/Akt, Jak2/STAT3, and p38-MAPK, to produce antidepressant effects, given which it is expected to become a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Pan
- School of Biological Sciences, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China;
| | - Yuxin Gao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China; (Y.G.); (K.G.)
| | - Kaifu Guan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China; (Y.G.); (K.G.)
| | - Jing Chen
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Bingyuan Ji
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
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Candamo-Lourido M, Dopico-López A, López-Arias E, López-Amoedo S, Correa-Paz C, Chantada-Vázquez MP, Bugallo-Casal A, del Pozo-Filíu L, Pérez-Gayol L, Palomar-Alonso N, Bravo SB, Campos F, Pérez-Mato M. Comparative Brain Proteomic Analysis between Sham and Cerebral Ischemia Experimental Groups. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7538. [PMID: 39062782 PMCID: PMC11277324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sham control groups are essential in experimental animal studies to reduce the influence of surgical intervention. The intraluminal filament procedure is one of the most common models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) used in the study of brain ischemia. However, a sham group is usually not included in the experimental design of these studies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relevance of the sham group by analyzing and comparing the brain protein profiles of the sham and MCAO groups. In the sham group, 98 dysregulated proteins were detected, compared to 171 in the ischemic group. Moreover, a comparative study of protein profiles revealed the existence of a pool of 57 proteins that appeared to be dysregulated in both sham and ischemic animals. These results indicated that the surgical procedure required for the intraluminal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) induces changes in brain protein expression that are not associated with ischemic lesions. This study highlights the importance of including sham control groups in the experimental design, to ensure that surgical intervention does not affect the therapeutic target under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Candamo-Lourido
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Antonio Dopico-López
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Esteban López-Arias
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Sonia López-Amoedo
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Clara Correa-Paz
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - María Pilar Chantada-Vázquez
- Proteomic Unit, Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.C.-V.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Ana Bugallo-Casal
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Lucía del Pozo-Filíu
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Lara Pérez-Gayol
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Nuria Palomar-Alonso
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - Susana B. Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.C.-V.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Francisco Campos
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
| | - María Pérez-Mato
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.-L.); (A.D.-L.); (E.L.-A.); (S.L.-A.); (C.C.-P.); (A.B.-C.); (L.P.-G.); (N.P.-A.)
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Najem H, Lea ST, Tripathi S, Hurley L, Chen CH, William I, Sooreshjani M, Bowie M, Hartley G, Dussold C, Pacheco S, Dmello C, Lee-Chang C, McCortney K, Steffens A, Walshon J, Ott M, Wei J, Marisetty A, Balyasnikova I, Stupp R, Lukas RV, Hu J, James CD, Horbinski CM, Lesniak MS, Ashley DM, Priebe W, Platanias LC, Curran MA, Heimberger AB. STING agonist 8803 reprograms the immune microenvironment and increases survival in preclinical models of glioblastoma. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175033. [PMID: 38941297 PMCID: PMC11178548 DOI: 10.1172/jci175033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
STING agonists can reprogram the tumor microenvironment to induce immunological clearance within the central nervous system. Using multiplexed sequential immunofluorescence (SeqIF) and the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas, STING expression was found in myeloid populations and in the perivascular space. The STING agonist 8803 increased median survival in multiple preclinical models of glioblastoma, including QPP8, an immune checkpoint blockade-resistant model, where 100% of mice were cured. Ex vivo flow cytometry profiling during the therapeutic window demonstrated increases in myeloid tumor trafficking and activation, alongside enhancement of CD8+ T cell and NK effector responses. Treatment with 8803 reprogrammed microglia to express costimulatory CD80/CD86 and iNOS, while decreasing immunosuppressive CD206 and arginase. In humanized mice, where tumor cell STING is epigenetically silenced, 8803 therapeutic activity was maintained, further attesting to myeloid dependency and reprogramming. Although the combination with a STAT3 inhibitor did not further enhance STING agonist activity, the addition of anti-PD-1 antibodies to 8803 treatment enhanced survival in an immune checkpoint blockade-responsive glioma model. In summary, 8803 as a monotherapy demonstrates marked in vivo therapeutic activity, meriting consideration for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinda Najem
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Spencer T. Lea
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shashwat Tripathi
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lisa Hurley
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chao-Hsien Chen
- Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ivana William
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Moloud Sooreshjani
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michelle Bowie
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Genevieve Hartley
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Corey Dussold
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sebastian Pacheco
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Crismita Dmello
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen McCortney
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alicia Steffens
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jordain Walshon
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jun Wei
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Irina Balyasnikova
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Roger Stupp
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rimas V. Lukas
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology and
| | - Charles David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Craig M. Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maciej S. Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David M. Ashley
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Moleculin, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael A. Curran
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Department of Neurological Surgery and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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5
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Han Y, Qiu L, Wu H, Song Z, Ke P, Wu X. Focus on the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway in Sepsis and Its Inflammatory Regulatory Effects. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3629-3639. [PMID: 38855170 PMCID: PMC11162626 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s465978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory response commonly occurring in infectious diseases, caused by infection with virulent pathogens. In the pathogenesis of sepsis, the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling pathway serves a crucial role as a fundamental immunoregulatory mechanism. This signaling pathway activates STING upon recognizing intracellular DNA damage and pathogen-derived DNA, subsequently inducing the production of numerous inflammatory mediators, including interferon and inflammatory cytokines, which in turn trigger an inflammatory response. The aim of this paper is to explore the activation mechanism of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in sepsis and its impact on inflammatory regulation. By delving into the mechanism of action of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in sepsis, we aim to identify new therapeutic strategies for the treatment and prevention of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangcheng Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
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Su L, Xie S, Li T, Jia Y, Wang Y. Pretreatment with platelet-rich plasma protects against ischemia-reperfusion induced flap injury by deactivating the JAK/STAT pathway in mice. Mol Med 2024; 30:18. [PMID: 38302877 PMCID: PMC10835983 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00781-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of surgical skin flap compromise and organ dysfunction. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product rich in growth factors, with tissue regenerative potential. PRP has shown promise in multiple I/R-induced tissue injuries, but its effects on skin flap injury remain unexplored. METHODS We evaluated the effects of PRP on I/R-injured skin flaps, optimal timing of PRP administration, and the involved mechanisms. RESULTS PRP protected against I/R-induced skin flap injury by improving flap survival, promoting blood perfusion and angiogenesis, suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and reducing apoptosis, at least partly via deactivating Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signalling pathway. PRP given before ischemia displayed overall advantages over that given before reperfusion or during reperfusion. In addition, PRP pretreatment had a stronger ability to reverse I/R-induced JAK/STAT activation and apoptosis than AG490, a specific inhibitor of JAK/STAT signalling. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly demonstrates the protective role of PRP against I/R-injured skin flaps through negative regulation of JAK/STAT activation, with PRP pretreatment showing optimal therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Songtao Xie
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunchuan Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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7
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Zheng X, Zhang X, Dong L, Zhao J, Zhang C, Chen R. Neuroprotective mechanism of salvianolic acid B against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice through downregulation of TLR4, p-p38MAPK, p-JNK, NF-κB, and IL-1β. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1030. [PMID: 37904689 PMCID: PMC10549825 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue injury and inflammation are two potential outcomes of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, is one of the major water-soluble compounds with a wide range of pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective effects. In the present study, we explored the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of Sal B after I/R injury. METHODS We induced cerebral ischemia in male CD-1 mice through transient (60 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and then injected Sal B (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Neurological deficits, infarct volumes, and brain edema were assessed at 24 and 72 h after tMCAO. We detected the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), phosphorylated-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P-p38 MAPK), phosphorylated c-Jun amino (N)-terminal kinases (p-JNK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the brain tissue. RESULTS Compared with the tMCAO group, Sal B significantly improved neurological deficits, reduced infarct size, attenuated cerebral edema, and downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators TLR4, p-p38MAPK, p-JNK, nuclear NF-κB, and IL-1β in brain tissue after I/R injury. CONCLUSION We found that Sal B protects brain tissues from I/R injury by activating its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu‐fen Zheng
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Department of PediatricsTangshan Central HospitalTangshanHebeiPR China
| | - Xiang‐jian Zhang
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio‐cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular HomeostasisShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Li‐peng Dong
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Department of NeurologyHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Jing‐ru Zhao
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Department of NeurologyHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio‐cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular HomeostasisShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
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