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Yan R, Liu L, Huang X, Quan ZS, Shen QK, Guo HY. Bioactivities and Structure-Activity Relationships of Maslinic Acid Derivatives: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301327. [PMID: 38108648 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Maslinic acid has a variety of biological activities, such as anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-parasitic. In order to enhance the biological activity of maslinic acid, scholars have carried out a lot of structural modifications, and found some more valuable maslinic acid derivatives. In this paper, the structural modification, biological activity, and structure-activity relationship of maslinic acid were reviewed, providing references for the development of maslinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Luguang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
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Rosa MD, Andrade JPD, Costa AO, Conti R, Bastida J, Borges WDS, Furst C. Anti-Acanthamoeba castellanii activity of alkaloid-enriched extracts and lycorine from the Amaryllidaceae species. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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3
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Martín-Escolano R, Molero Romero S, Díaz JG, Marín C, Sánchez-Moreno M, Rosales MJ. In vitro anti- Acanthamoeba activity of flavonoid glycosides isolated from Delphinium gracile, D. staphisagria, Consolida oliveriana and Aconitum napellus. Parasitology 2021; 148:1392-1400. [PMID: 34162452 PMCID: PMC11010224 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba spp. are widely distributed in the environment and cause serious infections in humans. Treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is very challenging and not always effective which requires the development of more efficient drugs against Acanthamoeba spp. The purpose of the present study was to test medicinal plants that may be useful in the treatment of Acanthamoeba spp. Here we evaluated the trophozoital and cysticidal activity of 13 flavonoid glycosides isolated from Delphinium gracile, D. staphisagria, Consolida oliveriana and from Aconitum napellus subsp. Lusitanicum against the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii. AlamarBlue Assay Reagent® was used to determine the activity against trophozoites of A. castellanii, and cytotoxic using Vero cells. Cysticidal activity was assessed on treated cysts by light microscopy using a Neubauer chamber to quantify cysts and trophozoites. Flavonoids 1, 2, 3 and 4 showed higher trophozoital activity and selectivity indexes than the reference drug chlorhexidine digluconate. In addition, flavonoid 2 showed 100% cysticidal activity at a concentration of 50 μm, lower than those of the reference drug and flavonoid 3 (100 μm). These results suggest that flavonoids 2 and 3 might be used for the development of novel therapeutic approaches against Acanthamoeba infections after satisfactory in vivo evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Martín-Escolano
- Laboratory of Molecular & Evolutionary Parasitology, RAPID group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Sonia Molero Romero
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus G. Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bio-Orgánica ‘Antonio González’, Universidad de La Laguna, Ctra. a la Esperanza 2, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Clotilde Marín
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Mª José Rosales
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
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In vitro amoebicidal effect of Aloe vera ethanol extract and honey against Acanthamoeba spp. cysts. J Parasit Dis 2021; 45:159-168. [PMID: 33746401 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-020-01292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated in vitro effect of different concentrations of Aloe vera (A. vera) ethanol extract and honey against Acanthamoeba spp. cysts in comparison with chlorhexidine (the drug of choice for treatment of Acanthamoeba infection) at different incubation periods. Four different concentrations of the tested agents were used, 100, 200, 400, and 600 μg/ml for A. vera ethanol extract and 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml for honey. Isolated Acanthamoeba spp. cysts from keratitis patients were incubated with different concentrations of the tested agents as well as chlorhexidine 0.02% (drug control) for different incubation periods (24, 48, 72 h). After each incubation period, the effect of A. vera extract and honey against Acanthamoeba cysts was assessed by counting the number of viable cysts, determining the inhibitory percentage and detecting the morphological alternations of treated cysts compared to non-treated and drug controls. Both A. vera ethanol extract and honey showed a concentration and time-dependent effect on the viability of Acanthamoeba cysts. In comparison with chlorhexidine (the drug control), A. vera ethanol extract possessed a potent cysticidal activity at all tested concentrations throughout different incubation periods, except for concentration 100 μg/ml which recorded the lower inhibitory effect. With increasing the dose of A. vera ethanol extract to 200, 400, 600 µg/ml, the recorded inhibitory percentages of Acanthamoeba cysts viability were 82.3%, 92.9% and 97.9% respectively, after 72 h compared to 76.3% of chlorhexidine. Similarly, honey at concentrations of 50-100 µg/ml gave higher inhibitory effect of 59% and 76.7%, respectively compared to chlorhexidine which showed an inhibitory percentage of 55.7% after 24 h. Meanwhile, the lowest tested concentration of honey (25 µg/ml) gave an inhibitory effect by 47.7-67% which was less than that of chlorhexidine throughout different incubation periods. With increasing the dose of honey to 200 µg/ml, the inhibitory effect was 98.9% after 72 h higher than that of chlorhexidine (76.9%). Using a scanning electron microscope, Acanthamoeba cysts treated by A. vera ethanol extract showed alternations in their shapes with flattening, collapsing, and laceration of their walls. Also, treated cysts by honey were highly distorted and difficult to identify because most of them were shrinkage and collapsed to a tiny size. On the other hand, chlorhexidine showed less structural and morphological changes of Acanthamoeba cysts. A. vera ethanol extract and honey had considerable cysticidal effects on Acanthamoeba cysts. They may give promising results for treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis.
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Nayeri T, Bineshian F, Khoshzaban F, Asl AD, Ghaffarifar F. Evaluation of the Effects of Rumex obtusifolius Seed and Leaf Extracts Against Acanthamoeba: An in vitro Study. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:211-219. [PMID: 32321413 DOI: 10.2174/1871526520666200422111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthamoebiasis treatment is a major and challenging problem due to the presence of resistant cyst form. Many herbal extracts and their derivatives have been used against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba, but no effective therapeutic agent has yet been discovered. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rumex obtusifolius (R. obtusifolius) extracts against a clinical strain of Acanthamoeba genotype T4 in vitro. METHODS In this experimental study, after genotyping the clinical isolate, the hydroalcohlic extracts of R. obtusifolius seeds and leaves were prepared. Different concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml) of extracts were tested in triplicate (24, 48 and 72h) on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba. The mortality of the parasite was assessed by trypan blue vital staining and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Results showed that the extract of R. obtusifolius leaves at the concentration of 10 mg/ml killed 100% of trophozoites and cysts after 72 h. However, the seed extract of R. obtusifolius had weak inhibitory effects on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba. In the presence of 10 mg/ml of hydroalcoholic seed extract of R.obtusifolius in culture medium after 72 h, 28.6% of trophozoites and 0% of cysts of Acanthamoeba were killed. After analysis by flow cytometry, seeds and leaves extract indicated apoptosis effect. Seed and leaf extracts caused 2.6% and 0.4% percent apoptosis. CONCLUSION These extracts are not promising candidates for further medicine development on acanthamoebiasis. Nonetheless, further research is necessary to clarify the effects of effective fractions of seed and leaf extracts of R. obtusifolius and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooran Nayeri
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Bineshian
- Department of Parasitology & Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fariba Khoshzaban
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Dalimi Asl
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Drug Discovery against Acanthamoeba Infections: Present Knowledge and Unmet Needs. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9050405. [PMID: 32456110 PMCID: PMC7281112 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although major strides have been made in developing and testing various anti-acanthamoebic drugs, recurrent infections, inadequate treatment outcomes, health complications, and side effects associated with the use of currently available drugs necessitate the development of more effective and safe therapeutic regimens. For any new anti-acanthamoebic drugs to be more effective, they must have either superior potency and safety or at least comparable potency and an improved safety profile compared to the existing drugs. The development of the so-called 'next-generation' anti-acanthamoebic agents to address this challenge is an active area of research. Here, we review the current status of anti-acanthamoebic drugs and discuss recent progress in identifying novel pharmacological targets and new approaches, such as drug repurposing, development of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapies and testing natural products and their derivatives. Some of the discussed approaches have the potential to change the therapeutic landscape of Acanthamoeba infections.
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The modulatory effect of Artemisia annua L. on toll-like receptor expression in Acanthamoeba infected mouse lungs. Exp Parasitol 2019; 199:24-29. [PMID: 30796912 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The genus Acanthamoeba, which may cause different infections in humans, occurs widely in the environment. Lung inflammation caused by these parasites induces pulmonary pathological changes such as pulmonary necrosis, peribronchial plasma cell infiltration, moderate desquamation of alveolar cells and partial destruction of bronchial epithelial cells, and presence of numerous trophozoites and cysts among inflammatory cells. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of plant extracts from Artemisia annua L. on expression of the toll-like receptors TLR2 and TLR4 in lungs of mice with acanthamoebiasis. A. annua, which belongs to the family Asteraceae, is an annual plant that grows wild in Asia. In this study, statistically significant changes of expression of TLR2 and TLR4 were demonstrated. In the lungs of infected mice after application of extract from A. annua the expression of TLRs was observed mainly in bronchial epithelial cells, pneumocytes (to a lesser extent during the outbreak of infection), and in the course of high general TLR expression. TLR4 in particular was also visible in stromal cells of lung parenchyma. In conclusion, we confirmed that a plant extract of A. annua has a modulatory effect on components of the immune system such as TLR2 and TLR4.
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Mennai I, Hanfer M, Esseid C, Benayache S, Ameddah S, Menad A, Benayache F. Chemical composition, in vitro antiparasitic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Frankenia thymifolia Desf. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:3363-3368. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1561685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imad Mennai
- Unité de recherche: Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Mourad Hanfer
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Chahrazed Esseid
- Unité de recherche: Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Samir Benayache
- Unité de recherche: Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Souad Ameddah
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Ahmed Menad
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Fadila Benayache
- Unité de recherche: Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algérie
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Rosales MJ, Ximenis M, Costa A, Rotger C, Romero D, Olmo F, Delgado E, Clares MP, García-España E, Marín C, Sánchez M. <i>In Vitro</i> Activity of Squaramides and Acyclic Polyamine Derivatives against Trophozoites and Cysts of <i>Acanthamoeba castellanii</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/jbm.2018.68001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Chiboub O, Ktari L, Sifaoui I, López-Arencibia A, Reyes-Batlle M, Mejri M, Valladares B, Abderrabba M, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. In vitro amoebicidal and antioxidant activities of some Tunisian seaweeds. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:76-80. [PMID: 29102681 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Free-living amoebae of genus Acanthamoeba are opportunistic pathogens widely distributed in the environment, and are the causative agents of several humans' infections, such as Acanthamoeba keratitis, Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis and also disseminated infections. The existence of the cyst stage complicates Acanthamoeba therapy as it is highly resistant to antibiotics and physical agents. All these facts reinforced the necessity to find and develop an effective therapy against Acanthamoeba infections. In the present study, we are interested to several seaweeds species collected from the Tunisian coasts and belonging to the 3 phyla (brown, green and red algae). The aim was to quantify the Total Phenolic Compounds in different organic extract, to evaluate antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS) and to study the antiprotozoal activity against A. castellanii Neff. The parasites have been inhibited by all extracts with an IC50 ranged from 52,3±1.8 μg/mL for ethyl acetate extract, to 134,6±0.7 μg/mL for the hexanic one for the various species studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Chiboub
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P 51 2070, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia; University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; Laboratory of Blue Biotechnology and Aquatic Bioproducts, National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies (INSTM), 28, Rue du 2 mars 1934, 2035, Salammbô, Tunisia.
| | - Leila Ktari
- Laboratory of Blue Biotechnology and Aquatic Bioproducts, National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies (INSTM), 28, Rue du 2 mars 1934, 2035, Salammbô, Tunisia
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P 51 2070, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia; University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Maria Reyes-Batlle
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Mondher Mejri
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P 51 2070, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Basilio Valladares
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Manef Abderrabba
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P 51 2070, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - José E Piñero
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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Hajaji S, Jabri MA, Sifaoui I, López-Arencibia A, Reyes-Batlle M, B'chir F, Valladares B, Pinero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Akkari H. Amoebicidal, antimicrobial and in vitro ROS scavenging activities of Tunisian Rubus ulmifolius Schott, methanolic extract. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:224-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Anti- Acanthamoeba activity of Tunisian Thymus capitatus essential oil and organic extracts. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:231-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Ghazouani N, Sifaoui I, Bachrouch O, Abderrabba M, E. Pinero J, Lorenzo-Morales J. Essential oil composition and anti Acanthamoeba studies of Teucrium ramosissimum. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:207-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hajaji S, Sifaoui I, López-Arencibia A, Reyes-Batlle M, Jiménez IA, Bazzocchi IL, Valladares B, Pinero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Akkari H. Correlation of radical-scavenging capacity and amoebicidal activity of Matricaria recutita L. (Asteraceae). Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:212-217. [PMID: 28919332 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Some Acanthamoeba strains are able to cause Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) worldwide because of their pathogenicity. The treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is complicated due to the existence of a highly resistant cyst stage in their life cycle. Therefore, the elucidation of novel sources of anti-Acanthamoeba agents is an urgent need. In the present study, an evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-Acanthamoeba activity of compounds in flower extracts of Tunisian chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) was carried out. Chamomile methanol extract was the most active showing an IC50 of 66.235 ± 0.390 μg/ml, low toxicity levels when checked in murine macrophage toxicity model and presented also antioxidant properties. Moreover, a bio-guided fractionation of this extract was developed and led to the identification of a mixture of coumarins as the most active fraction. These results suggest a novel source of anti-Acanthamoeba compounds for the development of novel therapeutic agents against Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Hajaji
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi thabet, 2020, Tunisia; Faculté des sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, University of Carthage, La Marsa, Tunisia; University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ignacio A Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Isabel L Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Basilio Valladares
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - José E Pinero
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Hafidh Akkari
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi thabet, 2020, Tunisia
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15
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Sifaoui I, López-Arencibia A, Martín-Navarro CM, Reyes-Batlle M, Wagner C, Chiboub O, Mejri M, Valladares B, Abderrabba M, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. Programmed cell death in Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff induced by several molecules present in olive leaf extracts. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183795. [PMID: 28859105 PMCID: PMC5578599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy against Acanthamoeba infections such as Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba Keratitis (AK), remains as an issue to be solved due to the existence of a cyst stage which is highly resistant to most chemical and physical agents. Recently, the activity of Olive Leaf Extracts (OLE) was demonstrated against Acanthamoeba species. However, the molecules involved in this activity were not identified and/or evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of the main molecules which are present in OLE and secondly to study their mechanism of action in Acanthamoeba. Among the tested molecules, the observed activities ranged from an IC50 of 6.59 in the case of apigenine to an IC50 > 100 μg/ml for other molecules. After that, elucidation of the mechanism of action of these molecules was evaluated by the detection of changes in the phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, the permeability of the plasma membrane, the mitochondrial membrane potential and the ATP levels in the treated cells. Vanillic, syringic and ursolic acids induced the higher permeabilization of the plasma membrane. Nevertheless, the mitochondrial membrane was altered by all tested molecules which were also able to decrease the ATP levels to less than 50% in IC90 treated cells after 24 h. Therefore, all the molecules tested in this study could be considered as a future therapeutic alternative against Acanthamoeba spp. Further studies are needed in order to establish the true potential of these molecules against these emerging opportunistic pathogenic protozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sifaoui
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes Scientifiques et Techniques, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Carmen Mª. Martín-Navarro
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Carolina Wagner
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
- Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Olfa Chiboub
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes Scientifiques et Techniques, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Mondher Mejri
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes Scientifiques et Techniques, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Basilio Valladares
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Manef Abderrabba
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes Scientifiques et Techniques, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - José E. Piñero
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, la Laguna Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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16
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Hajaji S, Sifaoui I, López-Arencibia A, Reyes-Batlle M, Valladares B, Pinero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Akkari H. Amoebicidal activity of α-bisabolol, the main sesquiterpene in chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) essential oil against the trophozoite stage of Acanthamoeba castellani Neff. Acta Parasitol 2017; 62:290-295. [PMID: 28426414 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2017-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba genus includes opportunistic pathogens which are distributed worldwide and are causative agents of a fatal encephalitis and severe keratitis in humans and other animals. Until present there are not fully effective therapeutic agents against this pathogen and thus the need to search for novel anti-amoebic compounds is urgent. Recently, essential oils of aromatic and medicinal plants have shown activity against Acanthamoeba strains. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the activity of main component of chamomile essential oil (a sesquiterpene) namely α-bisabolol against the Acanthamoeba castellani Neff strain. After evaluation of the activity and toxicity of this molecule, IC50 values of 20.839 ± 2.015 for treated amoebae as well as low citotoxicty levels in a murine macrophage cell line was observed. Moreover, in order to elucidate mechanism of action of this molecule, changes in chromatin condensation levels, permeability of the plasmatic membrane, the mitochondrial membrane potential and the ATP levels in the treated amoebic strains were checked. The obtained results revealed that α-bisabolol was able to induce apoptosis, increase the permeability of the plasmatic membrane and decrease both mitochondrial and ATP levels in the treated amoebae. Therefore, and given the obtained results, α-bisabolol could be used a future therapeutic agent against Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Hajaji
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi thabet, 2020
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands
| | - Basilio Valladares
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands
| | - José E Pinero
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands
| | - Hafidh Akkari
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi thabet, 2020
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Amoebicidal Activity of Caffeine and Maslinic Acid by the Induction of Programmed Cell Death in Acanthamoeba. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.02660-16. [PMID: 28320723 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02660-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Free-living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba are the causal agents of a sight-threatening ulceration of the cornea called Acanthamoeba keratitis, as well as the rare but usually fatal disease granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Although there are many therapeutic options for the treatment of Acanthamoeba infections, they are generally lengthy and/or have limited efficacy. For the best clinical outcome, treatments should target both the trophozoite and the cyst stages, as cysts are known to confer resistance to treatment. In this study, we document the activities of caffeine and maslinic acid against both the trophozoite and the cyst stages of three clinical strains of Acanthamoeba These drugs were chosen because they are reported to inhibit glycogen phosphorylase, which is required for encystation. Maslinic acid is also reported to be an inhibitor of extracellular proteases, which may be relevant since the protease activities of Acanthamoeba species are correlated with their pathogenicity. We also provide evidence for the first time that both drugs exert their anti-amoebal effects through programmed cell death.
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18
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Lorenzo-Morales J, Reyes-Batlle M, Sifaoui I, Arnalich-Montiel F, López-Arencibia A, Wagner C, Rocha-Cabrera P, del Castillo-Remiro A, Martínez-Carretero E, Piñero JE, Valladares B. Therapeutic targets and investigated treatment strategies inAcanthamoebakeratitis. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2016.1230060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Sifaoui I, Mecha E, Silva A, Chammem N, Mejri M, Abderabba M, Bronze MR. Optimized Extraction of Antioxidants from Olive Leaves Using Augmented Simplex Centroid Design. ANAL LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1104320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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