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Schmidt EMDS, Fachiolli DF, de Oliveira RM, Almeida FA, Pariz CM, de Lima Meirelles PR, Costa C, Tvarijonaviciute A, Erel O, Neselioglu S, Ceron JJ, Rubio CP. Changes in Serum Thiol-Disulphide Homeostasis in Sheep with Gastrointestinal Nematodes. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102856. [PMID: 34679878 PMCID: PMC8532846 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Parasitism with gastrointestinal nematodes represents a significant risk to the health of livestock populations. Besides the local oxidative damage caused by the parasite, the host reacts by increasing the production of oxidants. The study of thiol-disulphide homeostasis can be of help in the evaluation of the oxidative status of sheep during this type of parasitism. In this study, the thiol-disulphide homeostasis, together with other biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, were assessed in the serum of lambs infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and were evaluated after 70 days of integrated crop-livestock system and anthelmintic treatment. This study showed that the thiol-disulphide balance was impaired in the infected lambs and the changes were correlated with the parasite load, which therefore could indicate their potential use as a tool to evaluate and monitor the disease in sheep. Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the thiol-disulphide homeostasis in serum of lambs naturally infected by gastrointestinal nematodes presenting different levels of parasite load indirectly indicated by faecal worm egg counts (EPG). Furthermore, the possible changes in the thiol-disulphide dynamic after different procedures to reduce the parasitic charge, such as the integrated crop-livestock system or anthelmintic treatment, were assessed. The results were compared with a panel of various oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. The lambs were divided into three groups: animals highly infected (EPG higher than 5000) and packed cell volume (PCV) lower than 24% (G1); animals highly infected (EPG higher than 5000) and normal PCV (>24%) (G2); and animals presenting EPG lower than 5000 and normal PCV (>24%) (G3). The highly infected lambs (G1 and G2) showed lower total thiol (TT) and native thiol (SH) (p ≤ 0.01) than those from G3. After treatment, TT and SH increased significantly in all groups (p ≤ 0.01), and the disulphide (SS)/TT and SS/SH ratios decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in G1 and G2. These results show that the thiol-disulphide balance was impaired in lambs infected by gastrointestinal nematodes and that it could be potentially used as a biomarker to monitor this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Moreira dos Santos Schmidt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (E.M.d.S.S.); (R.M.d.O.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Center of the Federal District-UDF, Brasilia 70390-030, Brazil
| | - Daniele Floriano Fachiolli
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Raphaela Moreira de Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (E.M.d.S.S.); (R.M.d.O.)
| | - Fabiana Alves Almeida
- Department of Parasitology, Biosciences Institute, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil;
| | - Cristiano Magalhães Pariz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Ciniro Costa
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.T.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (O.E.); (S.N.)
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (O.E.); (S.N.)
| | - Jose Joaquin Ceron
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.T.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Camila Peres Rubio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (E.M.d.S.S.); (R.M.d.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-8-6888-9762
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Campigotto G, Gebert RR, Santos DS, Dos Reis JH, Alba DF, Cazarotto CJ, Leal MLR, Baldissera MD, Lopes TF, Druzian LT, Morsch VM, Vedovatto M, Da Silva AS. Effects of oral administration of copper capsules on helminth control in lactating dairy sheep: An effective alternative to replace conventional antiparasitics during lactation. Exp Parasitol 2019; 205:107735. [PMID: 31381870 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were performed to determine whether oral administration of copper oxide capsules controlled helminthic infections in Lacaune sheep without acute collateral effects on animal health. In experiment 1, 48 multiparous lactating sheep (60.1 ± 8.5 kg) were stratified according to initial number of eggs (Haemonchus contortus) per gram of feces (EPG) and were assigned randomly to 1 of two treatments (24 sheep/treatment): no oral administration (control) or oral administration of two copper capsules (treated; approximately 58 mg copper/kg body weight). Blood and fecal samples were collected on days 0, 15 and 45. Animals treated with copper capsules showed lower of EPG, eosinophils, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in whole blood, and lower butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity in serum. Treated sheep had higher erythrocyte numbers, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit, and lymphocyte numbers. In experiment 2, 12 male lambs negative for helminths and coccidia were assigned randomly to one of two treatments (six lambs/treatment): control or treated (one copper capsule; approximately 58 mg copper/kg body weight); the experiment was designed to determine whether the results of experiment 1 were due to treatment or parasitism. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 5, 10 and 15 and fecal samples were collected on days 0, 7 and 15. Treated animals showed greater concentrations of lymphocytes; however, treatment had no effect on other hemogram variables, AChE and BChE activities, or levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatinine, urea, albumin, total protein, and reactive oxygen species. These data suggest that copper capsules in dairy sheep efficiently controlled H. contortus infections. Treatment was not harmful to lambs during the first 15 days, i.e. there were no signs of acute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Campigotto
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger R Gebert
- Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Davi F Alba
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Chrystian J Cazarotto
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Marta L R Leal
- Department of Large Animals, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Thalison F Lopes
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leticia T Druzian
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vedovatto
- Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Ona, FL, 33865, USA
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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Salvadori Schafer A, D Baldissera M, Bagolin da Silva C, Sorraila de Oliveira J, Igor Magalhães de Matos AF, Lopes Dornelles G, Grando TH, Trevisan Gressler L, Stefanello S, Santi E, Pelegrine Minho A, Rodrigues D, F Souza C, L R Leal M, G Monteiro S, T A Lopes S, Melazzo de Andrade C. Copper oxide and closantel prevent alterations in hepatic energetic metabolism and reduce inflammation in Haemonchus contortus infection. Exp Parasitol 2019; 204:107726. [PMID: 31299264 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to evaluate if the use of copper oxide wire particles, isolated or in association with closantel, in lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus enhances the anthelmintic efficacy of closantel, as well as to evaluate the effects of treatment in hepatic energy metabolism, inflammatory markers and hematological and biochemical tests. The lambs were randomly divided into five groups (6 animals each), as follows: uninfected animals (Control); animals infected with H. contortus (HC); infected and treated with closantel (HC + CL); infected and treated with copper oxide wire particles (HC + Cu); and infected and treated with closantel plus copper oxide wire particles (HC + CL + Cu). The animals of infected groups were infected orally with H. contortus (5,000 L3 -larvae) and on day 14 post infection (p.i) the treatments were initiated. The egg per gram of feces (EPG), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), adenylate kinase (AK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities and hematological and biochemical tests were evaluated. Treatments with copper oxide (isolated and associated) were able to reduce the EPG count on days 28, 35, 42 and 49 p.i when compared to HC group, while closantel was able to reduce EPG only from day 35 p.i. Moreover, treatment with closantel (isolated or associated) was able to prevent the inhibition of hepatic AK and PK activities caused by H. contortus infection, which may contribute to efficient intracellular energetic communication in order to maintain the balance between cellular ATP consumption and production. Butyrylcholinesterase and MPO activities were higher in infected lambs compared to uninfected, while treated groups showed lower enzymatic activity compared to the group HC. The use of all therapeutic protocols was able to reduce the EPG count. Based on these evidences, the use of copper oxide plus closantel may be considered an alternative to treat lambs infected by H. contortus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Salvadori Schafer
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cássia Bagolin da Silva
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Lopes Dornelles
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thirssa Helena Grando
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lucas Trevisan Gressler
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Simone Stefanello
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Santi
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta L R Leal
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sonia T A Lopes
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Effect of experimental nematode infection on serum mineral concentrations in growing lambs. J Parasit Dis 2019; 43:324-328. [PMID: 31263341 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the possible effect of gastrointestinal nematodes upon serum mineral concentrations of lambs. Twelve male lambs were used. Lambs were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 6): Group 1 infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and Group 2 as controls. Lambs of Group 1 were infected with a single dose of 15,000 L3 larvae of GI nematodes (Haemonchus, Teladorsagia, Trichostrongylus, Cooperia and Oesophagostomum-Bunostomum). Blood samples were collected from the investigated animals individually every 2 weeks. However, the differences in serum macro-minerals (Ca, Mg, P, K, and Na) among groups were not significant. Although the differences in serum macro-minerals among groups were not significant and the iron serum concentration remained unaltered, the gastrointestinal parasitism reduced significantly/substantially the serum copper levels.
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Baptistiolli L, Narciso LG, Almeida BFMD, Bosco AM, Souza JCD, Torrecilha RBP, Pereira PP, Figueiredo RN, Garcia JF, Kaneto CN, Ciarlini PC. Systemic oxidative stress in Suffolk and Santa Ines sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus. Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:504-514. [PMID: 29975652 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus are not well established. This study aimed to prove the hypothesis that oxidative stress occurring during infection by H. contortus varies according to breed, and that the parasite burden correlates with hypoalbuminaemia and anaemia. Thus, after deworming and confirming the absence of infection, two different sheep breeds, Suffolk (n = 15) and Santa Ines (n = 22), were orally inoculated with a single dose of 5,000 L3 of H. contortus. The egg counts per gram of faeces (EPG), packed cell volume (PCV) and concentrations of several plasma markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, albumin, uric acid, total bilirubin, total antioxidant capacity [TAC], total oxidant concentration [TOC] and the oxidative stress index [OSI]) were quantified before (control group) and during the experimental infection (28, 34 and 42 days post-inoculation). In both breeds, TOC increased at 28 days and TAC increased at 42 days. In Suffolk sheep, there was a positive correlation of EPG with oxidant components (28 days) and a negative correlation of EPG with PCV (42 days). In Santa Ines sheep, there was a positive correlation of EPG with bilirubin (r = 0.492; p = 0.020). H. contortus infection caused oxidative stress, which varied according to the breed. Parasite burden was not associated with hypoalbuminaemia, whereas there was a negative correlation with PCV. This research provides the first evidence that the antioxidant status contributes more to the resilience to H. contortus in Santa Ines sheep compared to Suffolk sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Baptistiolli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Narciso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Fernando Martins de Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anelise Maria Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jucilene Conceição de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Beatriz Pintor Torrecilha
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Préve Pereira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Nogueira Figueiredo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Fernando Garcia
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Noriyuki Kaneto
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Ciarlini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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