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Abd El-Aziz H, Zeid AM. Derivatization-free conventional and synchronous spectrofluorimetric estimation of atenolol and amlodipine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123532. [PMID: 37864972 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Fixed-dose combinations for treatment of hypertension are observed in many dosages in the global market because of their high efficacy compared to single component dosage forms. One of these effective combinations is atenolol/amlodipine which is usually administered to patients with hypertension. Hence, development of facile, accurate, and sensitive methods for simultaneous estimation of atenolol and amlodipine is of great importance for quality control testing and pharmacokinetic studies. In our study, we developed two spectrofluorimetric methods to estimate both compounds in different pharmaceuticals. The first method is based on the estimation of atenolol and amlodipine by double-scan conventional spectrofluorimetry where the fluorescence intensities of atenolol and amlodipine were measured at 299 and 434 nm after excitation at 274 and 358 nm, respectively. The second method depends on synchronous spectrofluorimetric measurements at Δλ = 70 nm, where atenolol is assayed at 266 nm and amlodipine is assayed at 363 nm. Methods' optimizations were carried out to select the optimum conditions that render high selectivity and sensitivity. Such optimizations included assessment of solvents, surfactants, buffer volumes and pHs. The conventional spectrofluorimetric method was rectilinear over concentration range of 30.0-300.0 ng mL-1 for atenolol and 0.25-7.00 µg mL-1 for amlodipine while the synchronous spectrofluorimetric method showed linearity over the ranges of 0.60-6.00 µg mL-1 for atenolol and 0.25-7.00 µg mL-1 for amlodipine with low detection limits (≤0.12 µg mL-1) for both compounds in the two methods. It is the first work that demonstrates estimation of atenolol and amlodipine in their combinations by conventional and synchronous spectrofluorimetry. Both methods were applied to estimate atenolol and amlodipine in different pharmaceuticals with high %recovery and low %RSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M Zeid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, United States.
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Aboshabana R, Zeid AM, Ibrahim FA. Label-free green estimation of atenolol and ivabradine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical and biological matrices by synchronous spectrofluorimetry. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 295:122626. [PMID: 36940537 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a label-free, rapid, and sensitive synchronous spectrofluorometric method was implemented to assay atenolol (ATL) and ivabradine hydrochloride (IVB) in pharmaceutical and biological matrices. Simultaneous determination of ATL and IVB by conventional spectrofluorometry cannot be implemented because of the clear overlap of the emmision spectra of ATL and IVB. To overcome this problem, synchronous fluorescence measurements at a constant wavelength difference (Δλ) combined with mathematical derivatization of the zero order spectra were perforemed. The results indicated a good resolution between emission spectra of the studied drugs when the first-order derivative of the synchronous fluorescence scans at Δλ = 40 nm was conducted using ethanol as the optimum solvent which is less hazardous than other organic solvents such as methanol and acetonitrile, keeping the method safe and green. The amplitudes of the first derivative synchronous fluorescent scans of ATL and IVB in ethanol were monitored at 286 and 270 nm to simultaneously estimate ATL and IVB, respectively. Method optimisation was conducted by assessing different solvents, buffer pHs, and surfactants. The optimum results were obtained when ethanol was utilized as a solvent without using any other additives. The developed method was linear over concentration ranges of 10.0-250.0 ng mL-1 for IVB and 100.0-800.0 ng mL-1 for ATL with detection limits of 3.07 and 26.49 ng mL-1 for IVB and ATL, respectively. The method was utilized to assay the studied drugs in their dosages and in human urine samples with acceptable % recoveries and RSD values. The greenness of the method was implemented by three approaches involving the recently reported metric (AGREE) which ensured the eco-freindship and safety of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Aboshabana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M Zeid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, United States.
| | - Fawzia A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Hemdan AM. Mathematical Modeling for HPLC Separation and Quantification of an Anti-Hypertensive Combination by Response Surface Methodology. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:623-629. [PMID: 34519824 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determination of a multi-component mixture by HPLC requires many preliminary runs for method development which is both time-consuming and expensive due to the usage of large solvent volumes. OBJECTIVE In the present study, the main objective was to reduce the preliminary runs that are required for optimizing the method conditions and also shorten the run time of analysis to be suitable for quality control laboratories where there is a large number of samples to be analyzed. METHODS That was achieved using Two-factor three-level Response surface experiment which is a multivariate design that predicts the significant factors for optimizing the studied responses. RESULTS The response surface design suggests that both acetonitrile ratio and flow rate are significant factors for full resolution of the studied mixture; atenolol, amiloride, and hydrochlorothiazide. The studied mixture was fully separated and determined in less than 5 min with perfect resolution. CONCLUSION Experimental design is a very beneficial tool for optimization of the method conditions in HPLC, especially if the studied mixture ingredients have overlapping peaks. For atenolol, amiloride, and hydrochlorothiazide, acetonitrile and flow rate were found to be the significant factors that affect the resolution of the studied mixture. HIGHLIGHTS Response surface design is a powerful tool that could be used for predicting the significant factors for separation in HPLC. Optimization of the method conditions was done using a limited number of preliminary runs. The studied ternary mixture was fully separated in less than five minutes with the aid of experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Hemdan
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th October, 12451, Egypt
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Elkady EF, Fouad MA, Faquih AAE. A Versatile Stability-indicating Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Atenolol, Hydrochlorothiazide and Chlorthalidone. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412915666190523122525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Atenolol is a selective beta 1 blocker that can be used alone or in combination
with hydrochlorothiazide or with chlorthalidone for the treatment of hypertension and prevention from a
heart attack.
Objective:
The main target of this work was to improve modern, easy, accurate and selective liquid
chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) for the determination of these drugs in the presence of their degradation
products. These methods can be used as analytical gadgets in quality control laboratories for a
routine examination.
Methods:
In this method, the separation was accomplished through an Inertsil® ODS-3V C18 column
(250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase used was 25 mM aqueous potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
solution adjusted to pH 6.8 by using 0.1M sodium hydroxide and acetonitrile (77 : 23, v/v),
the flow rate used was 1 ml/min and detection was achieved at 235 nm using UV.
Results:
All peaks were sharp and well separated, the retention times were atenolol degradation (ATN
Deg.) 2.311 min, atenolol (ATN) 2.580 min, hydrochlorothiazide degradation (HCT Deg.) 5.890 min,
hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) 7.016 min, chlorthalidone degradation CTD Deg 8.018 min and chlorthalidone
(CTD) 14.972 min. Linearity was obtained and the range of concentrations was 20- 160 μg/ml for
atenolol, 10-80 μg/ml for hydrochlorothiazide and 10-80 μg/ml for chlorthalidone. According to ICH
guidelines, method validation was accomplished, these methods include linearity, accuracy, selectivity,
precision and robustness.
Conclusion:
The optimized method demonstrated to be specific, robust and accurate for the quality
control of the cited drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Farouk Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ahmed Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdulgabar A. Ezzy Faquih
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Hodeida University, Hodeida, Yemen
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Mostafa A. Spectrophotometric and Multivariate Calibration Techniques for Simultaneous Determination of Different Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Human Urine: Evaluation of Greenness Profile. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:8873003. [PMID: 32566359 PMCID: PMC7275968 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8873003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eco-friendly, rapid, and cost-effective two spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the determination of atenolol, paracetamol, hydrochlorothiazide, and levofloxacin. The first method is the newly developed extended derivative ratio (EDR) and the second method is multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS). In the EDR method, the extended derivative ratio amplitudes at 281.6, 237.6, 279.2, and 282.8 nm were used for quantification of atenolol, paracetamol, hydrochlorothiazide, and levofloxacin, respectively. In the MCR-ALS method, calibration model was developed and correlation constraint was employed. External validation data set composed of seven mixtures was used, and different figures of merits such as root mean square error of prediction, standard error of prediction, bias, and relative error of prediction were calculated, and satisfactory results were obtained. Both methods provided comparable results. The methods were validated and applied for the determination of the target analytes in dosage forms, spiked and real human urine. Thereafter, the obtained results were statistically compared to the published methods and revealed no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision. Furthermore, the greenness profile of the methods was evaluated using the National Environmental Methods Index "NEMI" and Analytical Eco-Scale. The developed methods can be used as a valid eco-friendly and simple cost-effective alternative to the commonly used chromatographic methods for the routine analysis of the studied drugs in dosage forms and human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Shaterian M, Aghaei A, Koohi M, Teymouri M, Mohammadi-Ganjgah A. Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical sensing application of CoFe2O4/graphene magnetic nanocomposite for analysis of atenolol. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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El-Zahry MR. A Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing Method for Simultaneous Determination of Atenolol and Amiloride in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Urine Samples. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2018; 2018:9065249. [PMID: 29576886 PMCID: PMC5822805 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9065249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This contribution describes a simple, fast, and sensitive application of localized surface plasmon resonance effect of silver nanoparticles for simultaneous determination of antihypertensive drugs' mixture atenolol and amiloride in both pharmaceutical dosage forms and in biological samples (urine). Silver nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction of silver nitrate using hydroxylamine HCL in an alkaline medium. Application of silver-hydroxylamine nanoparticles (SH NPs) provides many advantages including reproducibility, sensitivity, and cost effective way of analyte determination. Amiloride has four amino groups which act as attachment points on the surface of silver nanoparticles resulting in a synergistic effect on the absorption intensity of atenolol, leading to increase the sensitivity of the determination of both compounds. This method shows excellent advantages comparing with the previously reported methods, including accuracy, precision, and selectivity. The linear range of atenolol is 1 × 10-5-1 × 10-4 mol·L-1 and of amiloride is 1 × 10-6-1 × 10-5 mol·L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) values of atenolol and amiloride are 0.89 × 10-5 and 0.42 × 10-6 mol·L-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa R. El-Zahry
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Albishri HM, Abd El-Hady D, Tayeb RA. Cyclodextrin Micellar LC for Direct Selective Analysis of Combined Dosage Drugs in Urine. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1123-1130. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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9
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Abdel Hameed EA, Abdel Salam RA, Hadad GM. Chemometric-assisted spectrophotometric methods and high performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of seven β-blockers in their pharmaceutical products: a comparative study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 141:278-286. [PMID: 25681811 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemometric-assisted spectrophotometric methods and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were developed for the simultaneous determination of the seven most commonly prescribed β-blockers (atenolol, sotalol, metoprolol, bisoprolol, propranolol, carvedilol and nebivolol). Principal component regression PCR, partial least square PLS and PLS with previous wavelength selection by genetic algorithm (GA-PLS) were used for chemometric analysis of spectral data of these drugs. The compositions of the mixtures used in the calibration set were varied to cover the linearity ranges 0.7-10 μg ml(-1) for AT, 1-15 μg ml(-1) for ST, 1-15 μg ml(-1) for MT, 0.3-5 μg ml(-1) for BS, 0.1-3 μg ml(-1) for PR, 0.1-3 μg ml(-1) for CV and 0.7-5 μg ml(-1) for NB. The analytical performances of these chemometric methods were characterized by relative prediction errors and were compared with each other. GA-PLS showed superiority over the other applied multivariate methods due to the wavelength selection. A new gradient HPLC method had been developed using statistical experimental design. Optimum conditions of separation were determined with the aid of central composite design. The developed HPLC method was found to be linear in the range of 0.2-20 μg ml(-1) for AT, 0.2-20 μg ml(-1) for ST, 0.1-15 μg ml(-1) for MT, 0.1-15 μg ml(-1) for BS, 0.1-13 μg ml(-1) for PR, 0.1-13 μg ml(-1) for CV and 0.4-20 μg ml(-1) for NB. No significant difference between the results of the proposed GA-PLS and HPLC methods with respect to accuracy and precision. The proposed analytical methods did not show any interference of the excipients when applied to pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Abdel Hameed
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Randa A Abdel Salam
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Hadad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Kumar N, Bansal A, Sarma G, Rawal RK. Chemometrics tools used in analytical chemistry: An overview. Talanta 2014; 123:186-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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AL Azzam KM, Aboul-Enein HY. Simultaneous determination of atenolol and amiloride by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D). Methods Mol Biol 2013; 919:67-78. [PMID: 22976091 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-029-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis coupled with a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (CE-C(4)D) has been employed for the determination of the β-blocker drugs (atenolol and amiloride) in pharmaceutical formulations. 150 mM acetic acid was used as background electrolyte. The influence of several factors (detector excitation voltage and frequency, buffer concentration, applied voltage, capillary temperature, and injection time) was studied. Non-UV absorbing L-valine was used as an internal standard; the analytes were all separated in less than 7 min. The separation was carried out in normal polarity mode at 28 °C, 25 kV, and using hydrodynamic injection (25 s). The separation was effected in a bare fused-silica capillary 75 μm × 52 cm. The CE-C(4)D method was validated with respect to linearity, limit of detection and quantification, accuracy, precision, and selectivity. Calibration curves were linear over the range 5-250 μg mL(-1) for the studied analytes. The relative standard deviations of intra- and inter-day precisions of migration times and corrected peak areas were less than 6.0%. The method showed good precision and accuracy and was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of the β-blocker drugs in different pharmaceutical tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaldun M AL Azzam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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12
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Belal F, El-Brashy AM, El-Enany N, Tolba MM. Simultaneous determination of celiprolol HCl and chlorthalidone in tablets and biological fluids using high-performance liquid chromatography. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.24.2012.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Damiani PC. Determination of atenolol in human urine by emission–excitation fluorescence matrices and unfolded partial least-squares with residual bilinearization. Talanta 2011; 85:1526-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lakshmi K, Lakshmi S. Design and optimization of a chemometric-assisted spectrophotometric determination of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical dosage form. J Young Pharm 2011; 2:85-9. [PMID: 21331198 PMCID: PMC3035893 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.62224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two chemometric methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide. The chemometric methods applied were principal component regression (PCR) and partial least square (PLS-1). These approaches were successfully applied to quantify the two drugs in the mixture using the information included in the UV absorption spectra of appropriate solutions in the range of 200-350 nm with the intervals Δλ = 1 nm. The calibration of PCR and PLS-1 models was evaluated by internal validation (prediction of compounds in its own designed training set of calibration) and by external validation over laboratory prepared mixtures and pharmaceutical preparations. The PCR and PLS-1 methods require neither any separation step, nor any prior graphical treatment of the overlapping spectra of the two drugs in a mixture. The results of PCR and PLS-1 methods were compared with each other and a good agreement was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ks Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM University, Kattankulathur - 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
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Elgawish MS, Mostafa SM, Elshanawane AA. Simple and rapid HPLC method for simultaneous determination of atenolol and chlorthalidone in spiked human plasma. Saudi Pharm J 2010; 19:43-9. [PMID: 23960741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and rapid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of atenolol and chlorthalidone in human plasma using hydrochlorothiazide as internal standard (IS). The method utilized proteins precipitation with acetonitril as the only sample preparation involved prior to reverse phase-HPLC. The analytes were chromatographed on Shim-pack cyanopropyl column with isocratic elution with 10 mM KH2PO4 (pH 6.0) - methanol (70:30, v/v) at ambient temperature with flow rate of 1 mL min(-1) and UV detection at 225 nm. The chromatographic run time was less than 10 min for the mixture. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.1-10 μg mL(-1). The method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision, absolute recovery, freeze-thaw stability, bench-top stability and re-injection reproducibility. The within- and between-day accuracy and precision were found to be within acceptable limits <15%. The analytes were stable after three freeze-thaw cycles (deviation <15%). The proposed method was specific for the simultaneous determination of atenolol and chlorthalidone in human plasma where there was no interference from endogenous biological substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Elgawish
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Electrochemical study of atenolol at a carbon paste electrode modified with mordenite type zeolite. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Al Azzam KM, Saad B, Aboul-Enein HY. Simultaneous determination of atenolol, chlorthalidone and amiloride in pharmaceutical preparations by capillary zone electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:977-81. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Al Azzam KM, Saad B, Aboul-Enein HY. Simultaneous determination of atenolol and amiloride in pharmaceutical preparations by capillary zone electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:948-53. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Al Azzam K, Elbashir AA, Elbashir MA, Saad B, Abdul Hamid S. Simultaneous Determination of Atenolol and Chlorthalidone in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Capillary-Zone Electrophoresis. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710902961065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Mirmomtaz E, Ensafi AA, Soleimanian-Zad S. Determination of amiloride using a ds-DNA-modified pencil graphite electrode based on guanine and adenine signals. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Kumar V, Shah RP, Singh S. LC and LC–MS methods for the investigation of polypills for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 47:508-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Rajput SJ, George RK, Ruikar DB. Chemometric simultaneous estimation of clopidogrel bisulphate and aspirin from combined dosage form. Indian J Pharm Sci 2008; 70:450-4. [PMID: 20046769 PMCID: PMC2792539 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.44592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2006] [Revised: 03/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two chemometric methods, inverse least square and classical least square, were applied to simultaneous assay of clopidogrel bisulphate and aspirin in their combined dosage tablet formulation. Twelve mixed solutions were prepared for the chemometric calibration as training set and 10 mixed solutions were prepared as validation set. The absorbance data matrix was obtained by measuring the absorbance at 16 wavelength points, from 220 to 250 nm with the interval of 2 nm (Δλ= 2 nm). The developed calibrations were successfully tested for laboratory mixtures as well as commercial tablet formulation for their clopidogrel bisulphate and aspirin concentration. Mean recoveries for clopidogrel bisulphate and aspirin were found to be in good agreement with the label claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Rajput
- Applied Mathematics Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 001, India
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El-Gindy A, Sallam S, Abdel-Salam RA. HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of atenolol and chlorthalidone in human breast milk. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:677-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Andreetta HA, Bruzzone L. Fluorescence Detection of Atenolol Using a Molecular Imprinted Polymer. ANAL LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710701748465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ceresole R, Moyano MA, Pizzorno MT, Segall AI. Validated Reversed‐Phase HPLC Method for the Determination of Atenolol in the Presence of Its Major Degradation Product. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600983393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ceresole
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. A. Moyano
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. T. Pizzorno
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A. I. Segall
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Castillo MA, Gambino LO, Polizzi G, Andreetta HA, Bruzzone L. Determination of atenolol by the micelle-stabilized room-temperature phosphorescence methodology. LUMINESCENCE 2007; 22:527-33. [PMID: 17768711 DOI: 10.1002/bio.994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A micellar-stabilized room-temperature phosphorescence (MS-RTP) method for the determination of atenolol has been developed in micellar solutions of sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the presence of thallium(I) as a heavy atom and sodium sulphite as an oxygen scavenger. The effects of thallium(I) nitrate, SDS and sodium sulphite concentrations on atenolol MS-RTP intensity were studied. Optimized conditions to obtain maximum sensitivity were 0.015 mol/L thallium(I) nitrate, 0.1 mol/L SDS and 0.0075 mol/L sodium sulphite. The maximum phosphorescence signal was completely developed in 10 min and the intensity was measured at lambda(ex) = 272 nm and lambda(em) = 412 nm. The linear range of application obtained was 2.01-16.00 microg/mL. The detection limit estimated from the least-squares regression analysis was 0.86 microg/mL and the relative standard deviation of 10 replicates was 1.7%. The proposed method was applied to the determination of atenolol in a pharmaceutical formulation. The quantitation was carried out by means of standard calibration, standard-additions calibration and Youden calibration. These three experiments were necessary to evaluate the presence of constant and proportional errors due to the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela A Castillo
- División Química Analítica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 esq. 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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Huclová J, Satínský D, Pavlícek O, Vedralová L, Karlícek R. Using on-line solid phase extraction for determination of amiloride in human urine by sequential injection technique. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 573-574:376-82. [PMID: 17723549 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2005] [Revised: 12/22/2005] [Accepted: 01/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This presented paper deals with a new methodology for the direct determination of amiloride in human urine. The methodology described is based on the sequential injection analysis technique (SIA) coupled with solid phase extraction (SPE) microcolumn. SPE microcolumn was used for selective retention of amiloride, while the urine matrix components were eluted with water carrier flow to the waste. Due to the acid-basic and polarity properties of amiloride molecule and principles of ion-exchange chromatography, it was possible to retain amiloride on the ion-exchange sorbent (SPE BAKER WCX-carboxy group). Eluting solution was 0.01 M HNO3+0.1 M KCl, flow rate 20 microl s(-1). The fluorescence detection of amiloride was performed at lambda(em) 385 nm (secondary filter). Recovery was found in the range 96.8-99.4% for 10 times diluted urine, linearity of determination in the range 0.5-100 microg ml(-1) (r=0.998), and 3sigma limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05 microg ml(-1). The whole procedure comprising raw sample pre-treatment, analyte detection and column reconditioning took 8 min. The proposed SIA-SPE method has been applied for direct determination of amiloride in human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Huclová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
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