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Zhu H, Xu T, Tan H, Wang M, Wang J. O/W nanoemulsions encapsulated octacosanol: Preparation, characterization and anti-fatigue activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 241:114066. [PMID: 38954938 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Octacosanol has various biological effects such as antioxidant, hypolipidemic and anti-fatigue. However, poor solubility has limited the application of octacosanol in food. The aim of this study was to prepare octacosanol nanoemulsions with better solubility, stability and safety and to investigate in vivo anti-fatigue effect. The food-grade formulation of the octacosanol nanoemulsions consisted of octacosanol, olive oil, Tween 80, glycerol and water with 0.1 %, 1.67 %, 23.75 %, 7.92 % and 66.65 % (w/w), respectively. The nanoemulsions had an average particle size of 12.26 ± 0.76 nm and polydispersity index of 0.164 ± 0.12, and showed good stability under different pH, cold, heat, ionic stress and long-term storage conditions. The results of animal experiments showed that the octacosanol nanoemulsions significantly prolonged the fatigue tolerance time, alleviated the fatigue-related biochemical indicators, and weakened the oxidative stress. Meanwhile, octacosanol nanoemulsions upregulated hepatic glycogen levels. Taken together, these findings suggested that octacosanol nanoemulsions have promising applications as anti-fatigue functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hao Tan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mian Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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Golubnitschaja O, Kapinova A, Sargheini N, Bojkova B, Kapalla M, Heinrich L, Gkika E, Kubatka P. Mini-encyclopedia of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals protecting health in primary and secondary care-clinically relevant 3PM innovation. EPMA J 2024; 15:163-205. [PMID: 38841620 PMCID: PMC11148002 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite their subordination in humans, to a great extent, mitochondria maintain their independent status but tightly cooperate with the "host" on protecting the joint life quality and minimizing health risks. Under oxidative stress conditions, healthy mitochondria promptly increase mitophagy level to remove damaged "fellows" rejuvenating the mitochondrial population and sending fragments of mtDNA as SOS signals to all systems in the human body. As long as metabolic pathways are under systemic control and well-concerted together, adaptive mechanisms become triggered increasing systemic protection, activating antioxidant defense and repair machinery. Contextually, all attributes of mitochondrial patho-/physiology are instrumental for predictive medical approach and cost-effective treatments tailored to individualized patient profiles in primary (to protect vulnerable individuals again the health-to-disease transition) and secondary (to protect affected individuals again disease progression) care. Nutraceuticals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds demonstrating health-promoting, illness-preventing, and other health-related benefits. Keeping in mind health-promoting properties of nutraceuticals along with their great therapeutic potential and safety profile, there is a permanently growing demand on the application of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals. Application of nutraceuticals is beneficial only if meeting needs at individual level. Therefore, health risk assessment and creation of individualized patient profiles are of pivotal importance followed by adapted nutraceutical sets meeting individual needs. Based on the scientific evidence available for mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals, this article presents examples of frequent medical conditions, which require protective measures targeted on mitochondria as a holistic approach following advanced concepts of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) in primary and secondary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Kapinova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Nafiseh Sargheini
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-Von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bianka Bojkova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marko Kapalla
- Negentropic Systems, Ružomberok, Slovakia
- PPPM Centre, s.r.o., Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Luisa Heinrich
- Institute of General Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eleni Gkika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Chakarwarti J, Anand V, Nayaka S, Srivastava S. In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Secondary Metabolite Profiling of Endolichenic Fungi Isolated from Genus Parmotrema. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:195. [PMID: 38809483 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The endolichenic fungi are an unexplored group of organisms for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. The aim of the present study is to determine the antibacterial potential of endolichenic fungi isolated from genus Parmotrema. The study is continuation of our previous work, wherein a total of 73 endolichenic fungi were isolated from the lichenized fungi, which resulted in 47 species under 23 genera. All the isolated endolichenic fungi were screened for preliminary antibacterial activity. Five endolichenic fungi-Daldinia eschscholtzii, Nemania diffusa, Preussia sp., Trichoderma sp. and Xylaria feejeensis, were selected for further antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method. The zone of inhibition ranged from 14.3 ± 0.1 to 23.2 ± 0.1. The chemical composition of the selected endolichenic fungi was analysed through GC-MS, which yielded a total of 108 compounds from all the selected five endolichenic fungi. Diethyl phthalate, 1-hexadecanol, dibutyl phthalate, n-tetracosanol-1, 1-nonadecene, pyrrol[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methyl) and tetratetracontane were found to be common compounds among one or the other endolichenic fungi, which possibly were responsible for antibacterial activity. GC-MS data were further analysed through Principal Component Analysis which showed D. eschscholtzii to be with unique pattern of expression of metabolites. Compound confirmation test revealed coumaric acid to be responsible for antibacterial activity in D. eschscholtzii. So, the study proves that endolichenic fungi that inhabit lichenized fungal thalli could be a source of potential antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Chakarwarti
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Vandana Anand
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Department of Botany, IFTM University, Moradabad, 244102, India
| | - Sanjeeva Nayaka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
| | - Suchi Srivastava
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Technologies Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
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Jia M, Bai W, Deng J, Li W, Lin Q, Zhong F, Luo F. Enhancing solubility and bioavailability of octacosanol: Development of a green O/W nanoemulsion synthesis process. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123726. [PMID: 38135259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Octacosanol, a naturally occurring higher fatty alcohol, possessed numerous biological effects. However, octacosanol limited solubility in water due to its lipophilic nature and large structure, resulting in poor absorption and low bioavailability. To overcome this challenge, we developed a simple, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient O/W nanoemulsion synthesis process. The nanoemulsion achieved an average droplet size of approximately 30 nm, exhibited excellent dispersibility and stability at room temperature for 60 days, and showcased robust storage properties insensitive to ambient temperature, pH, NaCl, and sucrose. Remarkably, the preparation process of the nanoemulsion maintained the biological activity of octacosanol while demonstrating significantly enhancing antioxidant activity compared to octacosanol suspension. Additionally, the nanoemulsion displayed negligible cytotoxic effects on Caco-2 cells. Significantly, the octacosanol nanoemulsion exhibited a 5.4-fold enhancement in transmembrane transport efficiency when compared to the suspension in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Additionally, in an in vivo experiment, there was a notable 2.9-fold increase in rat intestinal absorption. These findings could provide valuable insights into the development of octacosanol nanoemulsion, supporting its future applications and paving the way for the design of stable nanoemulsion systems for other lipophilic and sparingly soluble substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxi Jia
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China; College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, JiangSu, China
| | - Weidong Bai
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, JiangSu, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, JiangSu, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Feifei Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China; Changsha Institute for Food and Drug Control, Changsha 410016, Hunan, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
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Fernandes RMN, Cardoso CAL, Alves DR, Morais SM, Scapin E. Parkia from Cerrado: phytochemical bioprospection, toxicity and in vitro bioactivities of bark and flower extracts. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e275733. [PMID: 38055580 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkia platycephala is the only species of the genus Parkia that is endemic to the brazilian Cerrado and the tree symbol of the state of Tocantins, but there are still few studies regarding its bioprospecting. In this study, we aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, toxicity and bioactivities of the bark and flower of Parkia platycephala. Hot sequential extractions (Soxhlet) were performed using methanol and hydroethanolic solution (70%), after degreasing the sample (hexane). The presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids and alkaloids was detected in the preliminary screening. Trilinolein, (Z)-9-octadecenamide, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose were detected by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In the Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector (LC-PDA) analysis, it was detected exclusively ferulic acid (bark) and ellagic acid (flower). The ethanolic extract of the bark (IC50=10.69 ± 0.35 µgmL-1) has an antioxidant potential (DPPH• radical) higher than that of the rutin standard (IC50=15.85 ± 0.08 µgmL-1). All extracts showed excellent anticholinesterase potential (Ellman), with emphasis on the ethanol extract of the flower (IC50 =5.34 ± 0.12 µgmL-1). Regarding toxicity (Artemia salina), the methanolic extract of the bark and the ethanolic extract of the flower presented high and moderate levels, respectively. Such results limit the concentrations of biological activities in this study, however, the antioxidant and anticholinesterase indices fall short of toxicity. The results demonstrated promising antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of both the bark and the flower of Parkia platycephala.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M N Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia - BIONORTE, Palmas,TO, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Curso de Engenharia Ambiental, Laboratório de Química, Palmas, TO, Brasil
| | - C A L Cardoso
- Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul - UEMS, Centro de Estudos em Recursos Naturais, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - D R Alves
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará - UEC, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - S M Morais
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará - UEC, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - E Scapin
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia - BIONORTE, Palmas,TO, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Curso de Engenharia Ambiental, Laboratório de Química, Palmas, TO, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Ambiente - CIAMB, Palmas, TO, Brasil
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Zrnić-Ćirić M, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Stanković I, Đordjević B, Baralić I, Ostojić M. Association of octacosanol supplementation with redox status in patients on chronic statin therapy. J Med Biochem 2023; 42:47-57. [PMID: 36819142 PMCID: PMC9921089 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-38224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The uneven lipid-lowering statin effects and statin intolerance raise interest regarding the involvement of coadministration of statins and dietary supplements. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of octacosanol supplementation on markers of redox status in cardiovascular patients on chronic atorvastatin therapy. Methods A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-centre study was conducted. Redox status homeostasis parameters [i.e., advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), total protein sulfhydryl (SHgroups), and paraoxonase 1 (PO N 1) activity] were assessed in 81 patients. According to favorable changes in lipid profile, patients were classified into two groups: responders (n = 35) and non-responders (n = 46), and followed for 13 weeks. A principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore the effect of octacosanol supplementation and the relationship between investigated parameters as predictors of responders' and non-responders' status. Results Significant decrease in Oxy-score value was found at the endpoint compared to baseline in responders' group (21.0 (13.4-25.5) versus 15.1 (12.4-18.0); P < 0.01). PCA analysis extracted 4 significant factors in the both groups, whereas extracted factors containing "octacosanol status" variable explained 14.7% and 11.5% of the variance in responders' and non-responders' subgroups, respectively. Conclusions Octacosanol supplementation leads to an improvement of lipid profile and markers of redox status in responders' group. New studies are needed to validate our results in order to find the best approach for personalized supplementation as a useful adjunct to standard statin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Zrnić-Ćirić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Bromatology, Belgrade
| | | | - Ivan Stanković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Bromatology, Belgrade
| | - Brižita Đordjević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Bromatology, Belgrade
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Campi M, Mancuello C, Maubet Y, Cristaldo E, Veloso B, Ferreira F, Thornton L, Robledo G. Biochemical, nutritional, and toxicological properties of the edible species Phlebopus beniensis with ethnomycological notes from Paraguay. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract In recent decades, mushrooms have been recognized as an important resource and efforts to characterize their potential to aid nutrition and human health have increased. Phlebopus beniensis specimen from a semi-urban community in Paraguay were analyzed for its biochemical properties, nutritional value, and toxicity. The species was identified by morpho-anatomical and molecular tools. Analyses for antioxidants by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) and nutritional content revealed that P. beniensis is a favorable source of antioxidants, proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and fats. Spectrometry through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) further showcased other mycochemicals such as the specific phenolic, antioxidant, and fatty acid compounds that serve important biological roles in human diets. Applying an ethnomycological framework across local Paraguayan populations, we also report accounts of histories, knowledge, and usage of P. beniensis in South America among settlers and Paraguayan people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Campi
- Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay; Fundación Fungicosmos, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lara Thornton
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Robledo
- Fundación Fungicosmos, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
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The Antidiarrheal Activity of Octacosanol is Mediated by the Possible Participation of α2 Adrenoreceptors. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43450-022-00344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Lim CI, Ryu KS. Effect of dietary octacosanol concentration extracted from triticale sprout on laying performance, egg quality, and blood parameters of laying hens. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:863-870. [PMID: 36287742 PMCID: PMC9574614 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of
octacosanol (OCT) extracted from triticale sprout on laying performance, egg
quality, and blood parameters of laying hens. A total of 192, Hyline brown
laying hens aged 43 weeks were divided into 4 dietary groups of 48 birds each
and they were randomly subjected to one of the experimental diets containing OCT
at the levels of none, 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg of diet. All birds were fed with
isoenergetic and isonitrogenous mash diets for 6 weeks. The result showed that
hens supplemented with 20 and 30 mg/kg OCT in diet significantly increased (p
< 0.05) egg production than those fed with the basal diet. OCT
concentration in the egg yolk of hens fed with 20 and 30 mg/kg OCT was
significantly higher than in those fed the control diet. Hens fed 20 and 30
mg/kg OCT exhibited greater high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and
interleukin (IL) concentrations and reduced serum concentrations of cholesterol
and triglyceride compared to those fed with 0 and 10 mg/kg OCT. This study
indicates that supplementing the diet of laying hens with 20 and 30 mg/kg of OCT
can improve the performance, egg quality, and health status of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ik Lim
- Department of Animal Science, College of
Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University,
Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Kyeong Seon Ryu
- Department of Animal Science, College of
Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University,
Jeonju 54896, Korea,Corresponding author: Kyeong Seon Ryu,
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea. Tel: +82-63-270-2638, E-mail:
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Octacosanol Modifies Obesity, Expression Profile and Inflammation Response of Hepatic Tissues in High-Fat Diet Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111606. [PMID: 35681357 PMCID: PMC9180418 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity has increased significantly on account of the alterations of living habits, especially changes in eating habits. In this study, we investigated the effect of octacosanol on lipid lowering and its molecular mechanism. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model was used in the study. Thirty C57BL/6J mice were divided into control, HFD, and HFD+Oct groups randomly, and every group included ten mice. The mice of HFD+Oct group were intragastrically administrated 100 mg/kg/day of octacosanol. After 10 weeks for treatment, our results indicated that octacosanol supplementation decreased the body, liver, and adipose tissues weight of HFD mice; levels of TC, TG, and LDL-c were reduced in the plasma of HFD mice; and level of HDL-c were increased. H&E staining indicated that octacosanol supplementation reduces the size of fat droplets of hepatic tissues and adipose cells comparing with the HFD group. Gene chip analysis found that octacosanol regulated 72 genes involved in lipid metabolism in the tissues of liver comparing to the HFD group. IPA pathway network analysis indicated that PPAR and AMPK may play a pivotal role in the lipid-lowering function of octacosanol. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot showed that the octacosanol supplementation caused change of expression levels of AMPK, PPARs, FASN, ACC, SREBP-1c, and SIRT1, which were closely related to lipid metabolism. Taken together, our results suggest that octacosanol supplementation exerts a lipid-decreasing effect in the HFD-fed mice through modulating the lipid metabolism-related signal pathway.
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