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Galacto-Oligosaccharide (GOS) Synthesis during Enzymatic Lactose-Free Milk Production: State of the Art and Emerging Opportunities. BEVERAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages8020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Much attention has recently been paid to β-Galactosidases (β-D-galactoside galactohidrolase; EC 3.2.1.23), commonly known as lactases, due to the lactose intolerance of the human population and the importance of dairy products in the human diet. This enzyme, produced by microorganisms, is being used in the dairy industry for hydrolyzing the lactose found in milk to produce lactose-free milk (LFM). Conventionally, β-galactosidases catalyze the hydrolysis of lactose to produce glucose and galactose in LFM; however, they can also catalyze transgalactosylation reactions that produce a wide range of galactooligosaccharides (GOS), which are functional prebiotic molecules that confer health benefits to human health. In this field, different works aims to identify novel microbial sources of β-galactosidase for removing lactose from milk with the relative GOS production. Lactase extracted from thermophilic microorganisms seems to be more suitable for the transgalactosylation process at relatively high temperatures, as it inhibits microbial contamination. Different immobilization methods, such as adsorption, covalent attachment, chemical aggregation, entrapment and micro-encapsulation, have been used to synthesize lactose-derived oligosaccharides with immobilized β-galactosidases. In this mini-review, particular emphasis has been given to the immobilization techniques and bioreactor configurations developed for GOS synthesis in milk, in order to provide a more detailed overview of the biocatalytic production of milk oligosaccharides at industrial level.
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Potential and Scale-Up of Pore-Through-Flow Membrane Reactors for the Production of Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides with Immobilized β-Galactosidase. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of prebiotics like galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on industrial scale is becoming more important due to increased demand. GOS are synthesized in batch reactors from bovine lactose using the cost intensive enzyme β-galactosidase (β-gal). Thus, the development of sustainable and more efficient production strategies, like enzyme immobilization in membrane reactors are a promising option. Activated methacrylatic monoliths were characterized as support for covalent immobilized β-gal to produce GOS. The macroporous monoliths act as immobilized pore-through-flow membrane reactors (PTFR) and reduce the influence of mass-transfer limitations by a dominating convective pore flow. Monolithic designs in the form of disks (0.34 mL) and for scale-up cylindric columns (1, 8 and 80 mL) in three different reactor operation configurations (semi-continuous, continuous and continuous with recirculation) were studied experimentally and compared to the free enzyme system. Kinetic data, immobilization efficiency, space-time-yield and long-term stability were determined for the immobilized enzyme. Furthermore, simulation studies were conducted to identify optimal operation conditions for further scale-up. Thus, the GOS yield could be increased by up to 60% in the immobilized PTFRs in semi-continuous operation compared to the free enzyme system. The enzyme activity and long-time stability was studied for more than nine months of intensive use.
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3
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Azimi SZ, Hosseini SS, Khodaiyan F. Continuous clarification of grape juice using a packed bed bioreactor including pectinase enzyme immobilized on glass beads. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Zerva A, Limnaios A, Kritikou AS, Thomaidis NS, Taoukis P, Topakas E. A novel thermophile β-galactosidase from Thermothielavioides terrestris producing galactooligosaccharides from acid whey. N Biotechnol 2021; 63:45-53. [PMID: 33737224 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
β-Galactosidases are key enzymes in the food industry. Apart from the hydrolysis of the saccharide bond of lactose, they also catalyze transgalactosylation reactions, producing galactooligosaccharides (GOS) with prebiotic activity. Here we report the heterologous production in Pichia pastoris of a novel β-galactosidase from the fungus Thermothielavioides terrestris. The enzyme (TtbGal1) was purified and characterized, showing optimal activity at 60 °C and pH 4. TtbGal1 is thermostable, retaining almost full activity for 24 h at 50 °C. It was applied to the production of GOS from defined lactose solutions and acid whey, a liquid waste from the Greek yoghurt industry, reaching yields of 19.4 % and 14.8 %, respectively. HILIC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis revealed the production of GOS with up to 4 saccharide monomers. The results demonstrate efficient GOS production catalyzed by TtbGal1, valorizing acid whey, a waste with a heavy polluting load from the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Zerva
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece
| | - Athanasios Limnaios
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zorgafou Campus, Athens, 157 80, Greece
| | - Anastasia S Kritikou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Taoukis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zorgafou Campus, Athens, 157 80, Greece
| | - Evangelos Topakas
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece.
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Ureta MM, Martins GN, Figueira O, Pires PF, Castilho PC, Gomez-Zavaglia A. Recent advances in β-galactosidase and fructosyltransferase immobilization technology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2659-2690. [PMID: 32590905 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1783639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The highly demanding conditions of industrial processes may lower the stability and affect the activity of enzymes used as biocatalysts. Enzyme immobilization emerged as an approach to promote stabilization and easy removal of enzymes for their reusability. The aim of this review is to go through the principal immobilization strategies addressed to achieve optimal industrial processes with special care on those reported for two types of enzymes: β-galactosidases and fructosyltransferases. The main methods used to immobilize these two enzymes are adsorption, entrapment, covalent coupling and cross-linking or aggregation (no support is used), all of them having pros and cons. Regarding the support, it should be cost-effective, assure the reusability and an easy recovery of the enzyme, increasing its stability and durability. The discussion provided showed that the type of enzyme, its origin, its purity, together with the type of immobilization method and the support will affect the performance during the enzymatic synthesis. Enzymes' immobilization involves interdisciplinary knowledge including enzymology, nanotechnology, molecular dynamics, cellular physiology and process design. The increasing availability of facilities has opened a variety of possibilities to define strategies to optimize the activity and re-usability of β-galactosidases and fructosyltransferases, but there is still great place for innovative developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Micaela Ureta
- Center for Research and Development in Food Cryotechnology (CIDCA, CCT-CONICET La Plata), La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Onofre Figueira
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Pedro Filipe Pires
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | | | - Andrea Gomez-Zavaglia
- Center for Research and Development in Food Cryotechnology (CIDCA, CCT-CONICET La Plata), La Plata, Argentina
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6
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Mistry RH, Liu F, Borewicz K, Lohuis MAM, Smidt H, Verkade HJ, Tietge UJF. Long-Term β-galacto-oligosaccharides Supplementation Decreases the Development of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice Fed a Western-Type Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900922. [PMID: 32380577 PMCID: PMC7379190 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The gut microbiota might critically modify metabolic disease development. Dietary fibers such as galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) presumably stimulate bacteria beneficial for metabolic health. This study assesses the impact of GOS on obesity, glucose, and lipid metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Following Western-type diet feeding (C57BL/6 mice) with or without β-GOS (7% w/w, 15 weeks), body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance, lipid profiles, fat kinetics and microbiota composition are analyzed. GOS reduces body weight gain (p < 0.01), accumulation of epididymal (p < 0.05), perirenal (p < 0.01) fat, and insulin resistance (p < 0.01). GOS-fed mice have lower plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05), mainly within low-density lipoproteins, lower intestinal fat absorption (p < 0.01), more fecal neutral sterol excretion (p < 0.05) and higher intestinal GLP-1 expression (p < 0.01). Fecal bile acid excretion is lower (p < 0.01) in GOS-fed mice with significant compositional differences, namely decreased cholic, α-muricholic, and deoxycholic acid excretion, whereas hyodeoxycholic acid increased. Substantial changes in microbiota composition, conceivably beneficial for metabolic health, occurred upon GOS feeding. CONCLUSION GOS supplementation to a Western-type diet improves body weight gain, dyslipidemia, and insulin sensitivity, supporting a therapeutic potential of GOS for individuals at risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima H. Mistry
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm141 83Sweden
| | - Klaudyna Borewicz
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & ResearchWageningenP.O. Box 8033, 6700 EHThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A. M. Lohuis
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & ResearchWageningenP.O. Box 8033, 6700 EHThe Netherlands
| | - Henkjan J. Verkade
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
| | - Uwe J. F. Tietge
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm141 83Sweden
- Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University LaboratoryKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSE‐141 86Sweden
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Martins GN, Ureta MM, Tymczyszyn EE, Castilho PC, Gomez-Zavaglia A. Technological Aspects of the Production of Fructo and Galacto-Oligosaccharides. Enzymatic Synthesis and Hydrolysis. Front Nutr 2019; 6:78. [PMID: 31214595 PMCID: PMC6554340 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructo- and galacto-oligosaccharides (FOS and GOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides with prebiotic properties that can be incorporated into a wide number of products. This review details the general outlines for the production of FOS and GOS, both by enzymatic synthesis using disaccharides or other substrates, and by hydrolysis of polysaccharides. Special emphasis is laid on technological aspects, raw materials, properties, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo N. Martins
- Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Maria Micaela Ureta
- Center for Research and Development in Food Cryotechnology (CIDCA, CCT-CONICET La Plata), La Plata, Argentina
| | - E. Elizabeth Tymczyszyn
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Paula C. Castilho
- Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Andrea Gomez-Zavaglia
- Center for Research and Development in Food Cryotechnology (CIDCA, CCT-CONICET La Plata), La Plata, Argentina
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Suárez S, Guerrero C, Vera C, Illanes A. Effect of particle size and enzyme load on the simultaneous reactions of lactose hydrolysis and transgalactosylation with glyoxyl-agarose immobilized β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Xavier JR, Ramana KV, Sharma RK. β-galactosidase: Biotechnological applications in food processing. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janifer Raj Xavier
- Food Biotechnology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory; Defence Research and Development Organization; Mysore Karnataka India
| | - Karna Venkata Ramana
- Food Biotechnology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory; Defence Research and Development Organization; Mysore Karnataka India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Defence Food Research Laboratory; Defence Research and Development Organization; Mysore Karnataka India
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10
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Jenab E, Omidghane M, Mussone P, Armada DH, Cartmell J, Montemagno C. Enzymatic conversion of lactose into galacto-oligosaccharides: The effect of process parameters, kinetics, foam architecture, and product characterization. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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A Simple Method for Beta-glucosidase Immobilization and Its Application in Soybean Isoflavone Glycosides Hydrolysis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Radosavljević M, Pejin J, Kocić-Tanackov S, Mladenović D, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L. Brewers' spent grain and thin stillage as raw materials in l
-(+)-lactic acid fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Radosavljević
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Technology; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Jelena Pejin
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Technology; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Sunčica Kocić-Tanackov
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Technology; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Dragana Mladenović
- University of Belgrade; Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy; 11 000 Belgrade Karnegijeva 4 Serbia
| | | | - Ljiljana Mojović
- University of Belgrade; Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy; 11 000 Belgrade Karnegijeva 4 Serbia
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13
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Ackerman DL, Craft KM, Townsend SD. Infant food applications of complex carbohydrates: Structure, synthesis, and function. Carbohydr Res 2017; 437:16-27. [PMID: 27883906 PMCID: PMC6172010 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Professional health bodies such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) recommend breast milk as the sole source of food during the first year of life. This position recognizes human milk as being uniquely suited for infant nutrition. Nonetheless, most neonates in the West are fed alternatives by 6 months of age. Although inferior to human milk in most aspects, infant formulas are able to promote effective growth and development. However, while breast-fed infants feature a microbiota dominated by bifidobacteria, the bacterial flora of formula-fed infants is usually heterogeneous with comparatively lower levels of bifidobacteria. Thus, the objective of any infant food manufacturer is to prepare a product that results in a formula-fed infant developing a breast-fed infant-like microbiota. The goal of this focused review is to discuss the structure, synthesis, and function of carbohydrate additives that play a role in governing the composition of the infant microbiome and have other health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L Ackerman
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Kelly M Craft
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Steven D Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States; Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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Knežević-Jugović ZD, Grbavčić SŽ, Jovanović JR, Stefanović AB, Bezbradica DI, Mijin DŽ, Antov MG. Covalent Immobilization of Enzymes on Eupergit ® Supports: Effect of the Immobilization Protocol. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1504:75-91. [PMID: 27770415 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6499-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A selection of best combination of adequate immobilization support and efficient immobilization method is still a key requirement for successful application of immobilized enzymes on an industrial level. Eupergit® supports exhibit good mechanical and chemical properties and allow establishment of satisfactory hydrodynamic regime in enzyme reactors. This is advantageous for their wide application in enzyme immobilization after finding the most favorable immobilization method. Methods for enzyme immobilization that have been previously reported as efficient considering the obtained activity of immobilized enzyme are presented: direct binding to polymers via their epoxy groups, binding to polymers via a spacer made from ethylene diamine/glutaraldehyde, and coupling the periodate-oxidized sugar moieties of the enzymes to the polymer beads. The modification of the conventionally immobilized enzyme with ethylenediamine via the carbodiimide route seems to be a powerful tool to improve its stability and catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica D Knežević-Jugović
- Department for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sanja Ž Grbavčić
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Innovation Centre, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena R Jovanović
- Department for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrea B Stefanović
- Department for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan I Bezbradica
- Department for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Ž Mijin
- Department for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana G Antov
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Blvd. Cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, Serbia
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15
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Continuous Packed Bed Reactor with Immobilized β-Galactosidase for Production of Galactooligosaccharides (GOS). Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6120189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Vera C, Córdova A, Aburto C, Guerrero C, Suárez S, Illanes A. Synthesis and purification of galacto-oligosaccharides: state of the art. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:197. [PMID: 27757792 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lactose-derived non-digestible oligosaccharides are prominent components of functional foods. Among them, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) outstand for being prebiotics whose health-promoting effects are supported on strong scientific evidences, having unique properties as substitutes of human milk oligosaccharides in formulas for newborns and infants. GOS are currently produced enzymatically in a kinetically-controlled reaction of lactose transgalactosylation catalyzed by β-galactosidases from different microbial strains. The enzymatic synthesis of GOS, although being an established technology, still offers many technological challenges and opportunities for further development that has to be considered within the framework of functional foods which is the most rapidly expanding market within the food sector. This paper presents the current technological status of GOS production, its main achievements and challenges. Most of the problems yet to be solved refer to the rather low GOS yields attainable that rarely exceed 40 %, corresponding to lactose conversions around 60 %. This means that the product or reaction (raw GOS) contains significant amounts of residual lactose and monosaccharides (glucose and galactose). Efforts to increase such yields have been for the most part unsuccessful, even though improvements by genetic and protein engineering strategies are to be expected in the near future. Low yields impose a burden on downstream processing to obtain a GOS product of the required purity. Different strategies for raw GOS purification are reviewed and their technological significance is appraised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Vera
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrés Córdova
- School of Food Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Waddington 716, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Carla Aburto
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Cecilia Guerrero
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Sebastián Suárez
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrés Illanes
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
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17
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Sun H, You S, Wang M, Qi W, Su R, He Z. Recyclable Strategy for the Production of High-Purity Galacto-oligosaccharides by Kluyveromyces lactis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:5679-5685. [PMID: 27366924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A recyclable strategy for the production of high-purity (>95%) galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) was developed using Kluyveromyces lactis in both the synthesis and purification steps. For the synthesis of GOS, ethanol-permeabilized cells (p-cells) of K. lactis were used because the enhanced permeability facilitated the mass transfer of the substrate and the release of oligosaccharide products. For the purification of GOS, non-permeabilized K. lactis cells (np-cells) were preferred as a result of their intrinsic cell membrane barrier toward GOS, which led to the selective consumption of carbohydrate. In this way, undesired glucose, galactose, and lactose in the raw GOS solution can be completely removed. This strategy is recyclable not only because of the high stability and reusability of p-cells and np-cells but also because the ethanol, which is simultaneously generated during the purification, can be reused for the preparation of p-cells. The strategy proposed in this study is a promising candidate for the efficient production of high-purity GOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaisheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengping You
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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18
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Galacto-oligosaccharide synthesis using chemically modified β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae immobilised onto macroporous amino resin. Int Dairy J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Banjanac K, Carević M, Ćorović M, Milivojević A, Prlainović N, Marinković A, Bezbradica D. Novel β-galactosidase nanobiocatalyst systems for application in the synthesis of bioactive galactosides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20409k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino modified nonporous fumed nano-silica particles was used for the development of efficient nanobiocatalysts for application in the biosynthesis of bioactive galactosides, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Banjanac
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Milica Carević
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Marija Ćorović
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Ana Milivojević
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Nevena Prlainović
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Marinković
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Dejan Bezbradica
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
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Buhl M, Vonhören B, Ravoo BJ. Immobilization of enzymes via microcontact printing and thiol-ene click chemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1017-20. [PMID: 26030726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This Communication describes a bioconjugation method for the generation of enzyme microarrays on surfaces using photochemical thiol-ene chemistry in combination with microcontact printing. Glucose oxidase and lactase were readily immobilized (i.e., printing time 2 min) on alkene terminated self-assembled monolayers on glass as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the activity of both immobilized enzymes was confirmed in single enzyme as well as cascade transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Buhl
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin Vonhören
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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