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Mesas AE, Garrido-Miguel M, Fernández-Rodríguez R, Fernández Franco S, Lugones-Sánchez C, García-Ortiz L, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Egg Consumption and Blood Lipid Parameters According to the Presence of Chronic Metabolic Disorders: The EVIDENT II Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e963-e972. [PMID: 34734262 PMCID: PMC8851934 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Egg consumption is one of the main dietary sources of cholesterol, but whether individuals who eat more eggs have a worse blood lipid profile remains controversial. OBJECTIVE We examined the relationship between egg consumption and lipid parameters and explored whether this relationship changes according to the presence of chronic metabolic disorders. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted with adult participants in the EVIDENT II trial. Adjusted linear regression models were stratified by the main chronic metabolic disorders. RESULTS Among the 728 participants (61.9% women, mean age 52.1 ± 11.9 years), the mean egg consumption was equivalent to 5 to 6 eggs per week for a 70-kg individual. In the fully adjusted analysis, no association was found of egg consumption with total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglyceride levels. Furthermore, compared with the first quartile of consumption, the fourth quartile was associated with lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels (coefficient -7.01; 95% CI -13.39, -0.62) and a lower LDL-c/HDL-c ratio (coefficient -0.24, 95% CI -0.41, -0.06). In the analyses stratified by chronic metabolic diseases, higher egg consumption was not associated with lipid profile in those with obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, or treated with hypolipidemic drugs, and was associated with a better lipid profile in participants without these conditions. CONCLUSION Higher egg consumption was not associated with blood lipids in individuals with chronic metabolic disorders. In individuals without such conditions, the lipid profile was better among those who consumed more eggs. Our findings support current guidelines recommending eggs as part of a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, 16071, Spain
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, 16071, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Nursing, Albacete, 02006, Spain
- Correspondence: Miriam Garrido-Miguel, C/ Santa Teresa Jornet, sin número, 16071, Cuenca, Spain.
| | | | | | - Cristina Lugones-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salamanca, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACyL), Salamanca, 37005, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salamanca, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACyL), Salamanca, 37005, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas y del Diagnóstico, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
- Investigadores grupo EVIDENT, redIAPP: Red Española de Investigación para Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud en Atención Primaria
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, 16071, Spain
- Investigadores grupo EVIDENT, redIAPP: Red Española de Investigación para Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud en Atención Primaria
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, 1101, Chile
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Tsaban G, Yaskolka Meir A, Zelicha H, Rinott E, Kaplan A, Shalev A, Katz A, Brikner D, Blüher M, Ceglarek U, Stumvoll M, Stampfer MJ, Shai I. Diet-induced Fasting Ghrelin Elevation Reflects the Recovery of Insulin Sensitivity and Visceral Adiposity Regression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:336-345. [PMID: 34643713 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lower fasting ghrelin levels (FGL) are associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the dynamics of FGL during weight loss and its metabolic and adiposity-related manifestations beyond weight loss. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of a clinical trial that randomized participants with abdominal obesity/dyslipidemia to 1 of 3 diets: healthy dietary guidelines (HDG), Mediterranean diet (MED), or green-MED diet, all combined with physical activity (PA). Both MED diets were similarly hypocaloric and included 28 g/day walnuts. The green-MED group further consumed green tea (3-4 cups/day) and a Wolffia globosa (Mankai) plant green shake. We measured FGL and quantified body fat depots by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after 18 months. RESULTS Among 294 participants (body mass index = 31.3 kg/m2; FGL = 504 ± 208 pg/mL; retention rate = 89.8%), lower FGL was associated with unfavorable cardiometabolic parameters such as higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intrahepatic fat, leptin, and blood pressure (P < 0.05 for all; multivariate models). The ∆FGL18-month differed between men (+7.3 ± 26.6%) and women (-9.2% ± 21.3%; P = 0.001). After 18 months of moderate and similar weight loss among the MED groups, FGL increased by 1.3%, 5.4%, and 10.5% in HDG, MED, and green-MED groups, respectively (P = 0.03 for green-MED vs HDG); sex-stratified analysis revealed similar changes in men only. Among men, FGL18-month elevation was associated with favorable changes in insulin resistance profile and VAT regression, after adjusting for relative weight loss (HbA1c: r = -0.216; homeostatic model of insulin resistance: r = -0.154; HDL-c: r = 0.147; VAT: r = -0.221; P < 0.05 for all). Insulin resistance and VAT remained inversely related with FGL elevation beyond that explained by weight loss (residual regression analyses; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Diet-induced FGL elevation may reflect insulin sensitivity recovery and VAT regression beyond weight loss, specifically among men. Green-MED diet is associated with greater FGL elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Tsaban
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hila Zelicha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ehud Rinott
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Kaplan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aryeh Shalev
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Amos Katz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Dov Brikner
- Nuclear Research Center Negev, Department of Medicine, Dimona, Israel
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Meir J Stampfer
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iris Shai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Yanes Cardozo LL, Romero DG. Management of cardiometabolic complications in polycystic ovary syndrome: Unmet needs. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21945. [PMID: 34606638 PMCID: PMC10146586 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002526rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder and the most common cause of androgen excess in reproductive-age women. The heterogeneity of the clinical presentation in PCOS patients suggests the involvement of multiples abnormal physiological pathways. In addition, women with PCOS have a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors. Unfortunately, limited effective evidence-based therapeutic agents are available to treat the cardiometabolic complications in PCOS patients. Insights from recent studies highlight the multiple opportunities to deliver timely effective medical care for women with PCOS. This perspective manuscript aims to highlight the unmet need for effective and safe management of the cardiometabolic complications in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licy L Yanes Cardozo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Damian G Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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Arshad F, Umbreen H, Aslam I, Hameed A, Aftab K, Al-Qahtani WH, Aslam N, Noreen R. Therapeutic Role of Mango Peels in Management of Dyslipidemia and Oxidative Stress in Obese Females. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:3094571. [PMID: 34725636 PMCID: PMC8557052 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3094571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic and noncommunicable disease that affects 50% of world population. Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are interconnected with the obesity and several metabolic disorders, gaining the attention of scientific community to combat this problem naturally. Among various fruits, mango as a yellow fruit is rich in polyphenols, carotenoids, terpenes, and flavonoids that act as antioxidants to protect against free radicals produced in the body. The present study was performed to explore in vivo antioxidant potential of mango peels against dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in overweight subjects. The female volunteers (n = 31) between 25 and 45 years of age having a body mass index (BMI) of 25.0-29.9 (overweight) were included in this study, while participants with complications as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular, and liver diseases were excluded. The treatment group consumed 1 g mango peel powder for 84 days. The subjects were analyzed for biochemical analysis, antioxidant status, and anthropometric measurements at baseline and end of the study period. Further, at the end of study, the safety evaluation tests were also performed. The results showed that upon consumption of mango peel powder, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, and creatinine levels were decreased and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was increased (P ≤ 0.05), while thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) showed increased antioxidant status (P ≤ 0.05) which suggests that mango peels have a strong management potential against oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhanda Arshad
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Huma Umbreen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Sialkot-, Pakistan
| | - Arruje Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Aftab
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nighat Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, Independent Medical College, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Razia Noreen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
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Manka P, Baba HA, Wedemeyer H, Kahraman A. Diet-refractory NASH in an elderly woman. Gut 2021; 70:1924-1945. [PMID: 32694177 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Manka
- Department for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Hideo A Baba
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Alisan Kahraman
- Department for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
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Wang S, Sun W, Swallah MS, Amin K, Lyu B, Fan H, Zhang Z, Yu H. Preparation and characterization of soybean insoluble dietary fiber and its prebiotic effect on dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in high fat-fed C57BL/6J mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:8760-8773. [PMID: 34369950 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01050f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential benefits of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) in the regulation of lipid metabolism have been reported in large prospective cohort studies although the molecular regulatory mechanism is still unclear. Okara is a by-product obtained during soybean processing for soy milk and soybean curd (tofu), which is rarely utilized and can be a cheap potential dietary fiber (DF) resource. In this study, the structure and physicochemical properties of insoluble dietary fiber (SIDF) extracted from okara were characterized, and the prebiotic effects on fat metabolism were investigated in vivo. The results showed that the main monosaccharides of SIDF (90.50%) identified were galactose, arabinose, xylose, rhamnose and glucose. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses suggested that SIDF had a loose and porous structure, polysaccharide functional groups, and a typical crystalline cellulose I structure. In addition, SIDF had ideal oil-adsorption capacity (OAC; 7.95 g g-1) and significantly improved cholesterol adsorption (11.14 mg g-1) at pH 7.0. In vivo, IDF supplementation reduced the serum lipid levels and inhibited hepatic fat accumulation. Additionally, SIDF administration improved hepatic steatosis by stimulating lipolysis via upregulation of PPARα, CYP4a10 and CPT1a. This is the first systematic study on the composition, structure, physicochemical properties, adsorption function and biological effects of SIDF. The above results show that SIDF could be used as an ideal functional ingredient in food processing as well as play a positive role in improving the added value of okara and promoting its comprehensive utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Wanling Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Mohammed Sharif Swallah
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Khalid Amin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Bo Lyu
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Hongliang Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Shandong Jiahua Health Care Products Co., Ltd., Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Hansong Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
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Grassi D, Necozione S, Desideri G, Abballe S, Mai F, De Feo M, Carducci A, Ferri C. Acute and Long Term Effects of a Nutraceutical Combination on Lipid Profile, Glucose Metabolism and Vascular Function in Patients with Dyslipidaemia with and Without Cigarette Smoking. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2021; 28:483-491. [PMID: 34519016 PMCID: PMC8484132 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-021-00468-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lifestyle changes present a fundamental role in cardiovascular prevention. Nutraceuticals also supplementing diet could help in controlling the cardiometabolic risk. Aim (1) to evaluate acute effects of a combination of nutraceuticals (cNUT) on vascular function, BP, metabolism in dyslipidaemic patients before and after smoking; (2) to evaluate 12 weeks effects of the cNUT on lipid profile, insulin resistance and vascular function in patients with hypercholesterolemia not on statins. Methods After 14 d run-in period, 33 patients assumed a cNUT [patented formula containing: berberine (531.25 mg), red yeast rice powder (220 mg, 3.3 mg monacolin K) and leaf extract of Morus alba (200 mg) (LopiGLIK®, Akademy Pharma)]. To evaluate acute effects, cNUT or cNUT + smoking (in smoking subjects) on the morning of the first day of the study and then 26 patients prolonged 12 weeks effects. Results In non smokers, cNUT improved FMD (p = 0.041 for treatment). In smokers, FMD decreased after smoking, this was counteracted by intake of cNUT. In smokers, DBP increased after smoking a cigarette (p = 0.042 for treatment), counteracted by the cNUT intake. In non smokers, thermogenesis was increased after cNUT administration (p < 0.0001 for treatment). After 12 weeks of cNUT, FMD significantly increased (p < 0.05) and SBP (p = 0.04), total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.03) decreased. Conclusions Our study suggests benefits of cNUT on cardiovascular prevention in hypercolesterolemic patients, non statin treated, that goes beyond the cholesterol and insulin resistance reduction protecting the subject from negative effects induced by smoking too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Grassi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy.
| | - Stefano Necozione
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Desideri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Stefano Abballe
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Francesca Mai
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Martina De Feo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Augusto Carducci
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
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Del Razo-Olvera FM, Martin-Vences AJ, Brito-Córdova GX, Elías-López D, Landa-Anell MV, Melgarejo-Hernández MA, Cruz-Bautista I, Manjarrez-Martínez I, Gómez-Velasco DV, Aguilar-Salinas CA. Primary Barriers of Adherence to a Structured Nutritional Intervention in Patients with Dyslipidemia. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061744. [PMID: 34063795 PMCID: PMC8223790 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the primary barriers to adequately adhering to a structured nutritional intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 106 participants diagnosed with dyslipidemia and without a medical nutrition therapeutic plan were included in this two-year study conducted at the INCMNSZ dyslipidemia clinic in Mexico City. All patients were treated with the same structured strategies, including three face-to-face visits and two telephone follow-up visits. Diet plan adherence was evaluated at each site visit through a 3-day or 24-h food recall. RESULTS Barriers to adhere to the nutritional intervention were: lack of time to prepare their meals (23%), eating outside the home (19%), unwillingness to change dietary patterns (14%), and lack of information about a correct diet for dyslipidemias (14%). All barriers decreased significantly at the end of the intervention. Female gender, current smoking, and following a plan of more than 1500 kcal (R2 = 0.18 and p-value = 0.004) were associated with good diet adherence. Participants showed good levels of adherence to total caloric intake at visit 2 and 3, reporting 104.7% and 95.4%, respectively. Adherence to macronutrient intake varied from 65.1% to 126%, with difficulties in adhering to recommended carbohydrate and fat consumption being more notable. CONCLUSION The study findings confirm that a structured nutritional intervention is effective in reducing barriers and improving dietary adherence and metabolic control in patients with dyslipidemias. Health providers must identify barriers to adherence early on to design interventions that reduce these barriers and improve adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Mabel Del Razo-Olvera
- Research Unit of Metabolic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.D.R.-O.); (D.E.-L.); (I.C.-B.); (D.V.G.-V.)
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.X.B.-C.); (M.A.M.-H.); (I.M.-M.)
| | | | - Griselda X. Brito-Córdova
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.X.B.-C.); (M.A.M.-H.); (I.M.-M.)
| | - Daniel Elías-López
- Research Unit of Metabolic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.D.R.-O.); (D.E.-L.); (I.C.-B.); (D.V.G.-V.)
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.X.B.-C.); (M.A.M.-H.); (I.M.-M.)
| | - María Victoria Landa-Anell
- Centro de Atención Integral del Paciente con Diabetes, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Marco Antonio Melgarejo-Hernández
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.X.B.-C.); (M.A.M.-H.); (I.M.-M.)
- Centro de Atención Integral del Paciente con Diabetes, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ivette Cruz-Bautista
- Research Unit of Metabolic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.D.R.-O.); (D.E.-L.); (I.C.-B.); (D.V.G.-V.)
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.X.B.-C.); (M.A.M.-H.); (I.M.-M.)
| | - Iliana Manjarrez-Martínez
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.X.B.-C.); (M.A.M.-H.); (I.M.-M.)
| | - Donají Verónica Gómez-Velasco
- Research Unit of Metabolic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.D.R.-O.); (D.E.-L.); (I.C.-B.); (D.V.G.-V.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas
- Research Unit of Metabolic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.D.R.-O.); (D.E.-L.); (I.C.-B.); (D.V.G.-V.)
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.X.B.-C.); (M.A.M.-H.); (I.M.-M.)
- Division of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Vasco de Quiroga #15, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-54-87-09-00 (ext. 1501); Fax: +52-55-55-13-45-07
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Ziaei R, Ghavami A, Khalesi S, Ghiasvand R, Mokari Yamchi A. The effect of probiotic fermented milk products on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:997-1015. [PMID: 33612379 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Fermented milk products are suggested as a supplementary therapy to help reduce blood lipid levels. However, the results of clinical studies are conflicting. DATA SYNTHESIS This study systematically reviewed 39 randomized controlled trials (n = 2237 participants) to investigate the effect of probiotic fermented milk products on blood lipids. A meta-analysis was performed using random effects models, with weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistically significant reductions in blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: -7.34 mg/dL, 95% CI: from -10.04 to -4.65, and P < 0.001) and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations (WMD: -8.30 mg/dL, 95% CI: from -11.42 to -5.18, and P < 0.001) were observed. No statistically significant effect of probiotic fermented milk was observed on blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels. The effect on TC and LDL-C level was more pronounced in men, and a greater reduction in TAG was observed in trials with longer interventions (≥8 weeks) as compared to their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Available evidence suggests that probiotic fermented milk products may help to reduce serum TC and LDL-C cholesterol levels, particularly in men and when they are consumed for ≥8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahele Ziaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abed Ghavami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saman Khalesi
- Appleton Institute & School of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Amin Mokari Yamchi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Yan X, Wang S. The efficacy of niacin supplementation in type 2 diabetes patients: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e22272. [PMID: 33761625 PMCID: PMC9282106 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia is a main risk factor of cardiovascular disease in the diabetic patients. Niacin was found acutely to decrease the plasma concentration of free fatty acids by inhibiting their mobilization from adipose tissue. This present study is a double blinded, randomized, and prospective trial to determine the effect of niacin during dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS This randomized controlled, double-blinded, single center trial is carried out according to the principles of Declaration of Helsinki. This present study was approved in institutional review committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. All the patients received the informed consent. Diabetic patients were randomized (1:1) to receive 3-month treatment with extended-release niacin or matching placebo. The major outcome of our present study was the change in the level of HbA1c from the baseline to week 12. Secondary outcome measures contained the levels of fasting blood glucose, the concentrations of serum transaminase, the other laboratory variables, and self-reported adverse events. The P < .05 was regarded as statistically significant. RESULTS We assumed that adding the niacin to the medication in patients with type 2 diabetes would reduce dyslipidemia and achieve target lipid levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5925).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Yan
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Shunyu Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
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11
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Wojda A, Janczy A, Małgorzewicz S. Mediterranean, vegetarian and vegan diets as practical outtakes of EAS and ACC/AHA recommendations for lowering lipid profile. Acta Biochim Pol 2021; 68:41-48. [PMID: 33544561 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL fraction (LDL-C) may be beneficial towards decreasing the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). First and foremost, before implementing or simultaneously with pharmacological treatment, patients should be informed about lifestyle changes that may be critical to achieving a better lipid profile. Recommendations from ACC/AHA (American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association) and EAS (European Atherosclerosis Society) mainly focus on limitation of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty acids (TFA) consumption, but additional support could be considered. This review presents selected guidelines of European scientific societies concerning lipid metabolism disorders. The main aim of this manuscript was to present the guidelines how to provide simple and transparent schemes of management in dyslipidemia therapy. Encouraging patients for increasing the intake of soluble fiber (SF) and phytosterols (PS) may also be promoted for achieving therapeutic goals. In the clinical point of view, restoring an appropriate lipid profile is important because it directly reduces the risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The EAS and ACC/AHA guidelines introduce several new demands, so far absent from previous recommendations. Mediterranean diet (MD) or vegetarian lifestyles are an example of diet patterns that are deliberated as healthy for cardio-vascular system, since both consist of fresh, unprocessed vegetables and fruits with addition of desirable fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wojda
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agata Janczy
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Małgorzewicz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is an extensive literature on the efficacy of the low carbohydrate diet (LCD) for weight loss, and in the improvement of markers of the insulin-resistant phenotype, including a reduction in inflammation, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. However, critics have expressed concerns that the LCD promotes unrestricted consumption of saturated fat, which may increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels. In theory, the diet-induced increase in LDL-C increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present review provides an assessment of concerns with the LCD, which have focused almost entirely on LDL-C, a poor marker of CVD risk. We discuss how critics of the LCD have ignored the literature demonstrating that the LCD improves the most reliable CVD risk factors. RECENT FINDINGS Multiple longitudinal clinical trials in recent years have extended the duration of observations on the safety and effectiveness of the LCD to 2-3 years, and in one study on epileptics, for 10 years. SUMMARY The present review integrates a historical perspective on the LCD with a critical assessment of the persistent concerns that consumption of saturated fat, in the context of an LCD, will increase risk for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Diamond
- Departments of Psychology and Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Blair J O'Neill
- University of Alberta, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jeff S Volek
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We aimed to summarize recent guidelines, position papers, and high-quality clinical research relating the use of nutraceuticals in the management of individuals at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS It is essential that individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease receive guideline-directed evidence-based therapies to reduce their risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular events. Compared with conventional therapeutics, nutraceuticals have undergone relatively little investigation in randomized controlled trials. Thus, recommendations for nutraceuticals in international guidelines are rare, and nutraceuticals should not be used preferentially in place of statins. Nevertheless, recent position papers from the International Lipid Expert Panel and clinical evidence from studies of triglyceride reduction by polyunsaturated fatty acid administration demonstrate that nutraceuticals do have an important role in optimizing therapy in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Roles for nutraceuticals include as follows: (1) managing residual risk associated with lipids other than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); (2) managing non-lipid-mediated residual risk; (3) optimizing LDL-C treatment in statin intolerance; (4) optimizing LCL-C treatment when add-on therapies for statins are not available; (5) as adjuncts to lifestyle for individuals at high lifetime risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The strength of evidence for each of these applications is variable. In addition to guideline-directed therapeutics, nutraceuticals may have roles in optimizing preventative therapy and targeting residual risk in individuals at high risk of ASCVD. Application of Good Manufacturing Practice and randomized controlled trials when producing and evaluating nutraceuticals will expand the armoury of evidence-based agents for the prevention of ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E Penson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre For Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338, Lodz, Poland.
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland.
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Stradling C, Thomas GN, Hemming K, Taylor S, Taheri S. Randomized parallel-group pilot trial (Best foods for your heart) comparing the effects of a Mediterranean Portfolio diet with a low saturated fat diet on HIV dyslipidemia. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:860-869. [PMID: 33032837 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mediterranean diets reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the effect is unknown in people living with HIV, who have an increased risk potentially due to the additional burdens of infection, inflammation and antiretroviral treatment (ART). We examined the feasibility of a 6-month dietary intervention in adults with HIV dyslipidemia using a sample size adequate to detect differences in LDL-cholesterol. METHODS Sixty adults with stable HIV infection on ART and LDL-cholesterol >3 mmol/l were recruited. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive dietary advice to reduce saturated fat intake to <10% of energy intake (Diet1), or supported to adopt the Mediterranean Portfolio Diet (Diet2) with additional cholesterol-lowering foods (nuts, stanols, soya, oats, beans) for 6 months. Recruitment, retention and intervention fidelity were monitored. Measurements were conducted at baseline, 6 and 12 months. A secondary analysis examined between group differences in CVD risk factors at month 6 adjusted for baseline values and potential confounders. RESULTS Rates of recruitment, participation and attrition were 35%, 91%, and 12% respectively. Reported dietary adherence was 68% to Mediterranean foods and 59% to Portfolio components. At 6 months Diet2 participants (n = 29) had a significantly lower LDL-cholesterol (mean difference adjusted for baseline -0.4 mmol/l, 95%CI -0.7 to -0.1, P = 0.01), and systolic blood pressure (-7 mmHg, 95%CI -2 to -12, P = 0.008) compared to those in Diet1 (n = 31). These effects were not sustained at 1 year (LDL-cholesterol -0.05 mmol/l, 95%CI -0.33 to 0.23, P = 0.7; systolic blood pressure -3.5 mmHg, 95%CI -9.4 to 2.5, P = 0.2). CONCLUSION We showed the feasibility of adopting a Mediterranean Portfolio diet in people living with HIV. Our findings suggest this intervention might equate to short term improvements in diet quality, blood pressure, and LDL-cholesterol. Further definitive evaluations are required to determine if this is a viable strategy to facilitate cardiovascular risk reduction. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY ISRCTN32090191 Best Foods For your heart trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Stradling
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Heartlands HIV Service, Department of Infection and Immunology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
| | - G Neil Thomas
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Karla Hemming
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephen Taylor
- Birmingham Heartlands HIV Service, Department of Infection and Immunology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Shahrad Taheri
- Clinical Research Core and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar and New York, Doha, Qatar
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15
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Mistry RH, Liu F, Borewicz K, Lohuis MAM, Smidt H, Verkade HJ, Tietge UJF. Long-Term β-galacto-oligosaccharides Supplementation Decreases the Development of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice Fed a Western-Type Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900922. [PMID: 32380577 PMCID: PMC7379190 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The gut microbiota might critically modify metabolic disease development. Dietary fibers such as galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) presumably stimulate bacteria beneficial for metabolic health. This study assesses the impact of GOS on obesity, glucose, and lipid metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Following Western-type diet feeding (C57BL/6 mice) with or without β-GOS (7% w/w, 15 weeks), body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance, lipid profiles, fat kinetics and microbiota composition are analyzed. GOS reduces body weight gain (p < 0.01), accumulation of epididymal (p < 0.05), perirenal (p < 0.01) fat, and insulin resistance (p < 0.01). GOS-fed mice have lower plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05), mainly within low-density lipoproteins, lower intestinal fat absorption (p < 0.01), more fecal neutral sterol excretion (p < 0.05) and higher intestinal GLP-1 expression (p < 0.01). Fecal bile acid excretion is lower (p < 0.01) in GOS-fed mice with significant compositional differences, namely decreased cholic, α-muricholic, and deoxycholic acid excretion, whereas hyodeoxycholic acid increased. Substantial changes in microbiota composition, conceivably beneficial for metabolic health, occurred upon GOS feeding. CONCLUSION GOS supplementation to a Western-type diet improves body weight gain, dyslipidemia, and insulin sensitivity, supporting a therapeutic potential of GOS for individuals at risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima H. Mistry
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm141 83Sweden
| | - Klaudyna Borewicz
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & ResearchWageningenP.O. Box 8033, 6700 EHThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A. M. Lohuis
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & ResearchWageningenP.O. Box 8033, 6700 EHThe Netherlands
| | - Henkjan J. Verkade
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
| | - Uwe J. F. Tietge
- Department of Pediatrics
University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9713GZThe Netherlands
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm141 83Sweden
- Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University LaboratoryKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSE‐141 86Sweden
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Park S, Son HK, Chang HC, Lee JJ. Effects of Cabbage-Apple Juice Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum EM on Lipid Profile Improvement and Obesity Amelioration in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1135. [PMID: 32325640 PMCID: PMC7230889 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential of cabbage-apple juice, fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum EM isolated from kimchi, to protect against obesity and dyslipidemia that are induced by a high-fat diet in a rat model. Male rats were fed a modified AIN-93M high-fat diet (HFD), the same diet supplemented with non-fermented cabbage-apple juice, or the same diet supplemented with fermented cabbage-apple juice for eight weeks. In the HFD-fermented cabbage- apple juice administered groups the following parameters decreased: body weight, liver and white fat pad weights, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol, insulin, glucose and leptin levels, TG levels, while HDL-C and adiponectin levels in serum increased as compared with the HFD group. The HFD-fed rats that were supplemented with fermented cabbage-apple juice exhibited significantly lower fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and malic enzyme gene expression levels when compared to the exclusively HFD-fed rats. The anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects were marginally greater in the fermented juice administered group than in the non-fermented juice administered group. These results suggest that cabbage-apple juice-especially fermented cabbage-apple juice-might have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism dysfunction and obesity-related abnormalities. However, further studies are necessary for analyzing the biochemical regulatory mechanisms of fermented juice for obesity amelioration and lipid metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jae-Joon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (S.P.); (H.-K.S.); (H.-C.C.)
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Sakamuri A, Sakamuri SSVP, Kona SR, Jeyapal S, Ibrahim A. Diets with low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio protects rats from fructose-induced dyslipidemia and associated hepatic changes: Comparison between 18:3 n-3 and long-chain n-3 PUFA. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 155:102082. [PMID: 32169807 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the impact of substituting alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) or long-chain n-3 PUFA (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) for linoleic acid and hence decreasing n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio on high-fructose diet-induced hypertriglyceridemia and associated hepatic changes. Weanling male Wistar rats were divided into four groups and fed with starch-diet (n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio 215:1) and high-fructose diets with different n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (215:1, 2:1 with ALA and 5:1 with long-chain n-3 PUFA) for twenty-four weeks. Substitution of linoleic acid with ALA (n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 2) or long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 5) protected the rats from fructose-induced dyslipidemia, hepatic oxidative stress and corrected lipogenic and proinflammatory gene expression. Both ALA and long-chain n-3 PUFA supplementation also reversed the fructose-induced upregulation of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) gene, which is involved in the generation of active glucocorticoids in tissues. Although both ALA and LC n-3 PUFA prevented fructose-induced dyslipidemia to a similar extent, compared to ALA, LC n-3 PUFA is more effective in preventing hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Sakamuri
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Siva S V P Sakamuri
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suryam Reddy Kona
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sugeedha Jeyapal
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ahamed Ibrahim
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
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Contreras-Duarte S, Carvajal L, Garchitorena MJ, Subiabre M, Fuenzalida B, Cantin C, Farías M, Leiva A. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Schemes Modify Maternal Plasma Cholesterol Levels Dependent to Women´s Weight: Possible Impact on Feto-Placental Vascular Function. Nutrients 2020; 12:E506. [PMID: 32079298 PMCID: PMC7071311 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) associates with fetal endothelial dysfunction (ED), which occurs independently of adequate glycemic control. Scarce information exists about the impact of different GDM therapeutic schemes on maternal dyslipidemia and obesity and their contribution to the development of fetal-ED. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of GDM-treatments on lipid levels in nonobese (N) and obese (O) pregnant women and the effect of maternal cholesterol levels in GDM-associated ED in the umbilical vein (UV). O-GDM women treated with diet showed decreased total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels with respect to N-GDM ones. Moreover, O-GDM women treated with diet in addition to insulin showed higher TC and LDL levels than N-GDM women. The maximum relaxation to calcitonin gene-related peptide of the UV rings was lower in the N-GDM group compared to the N one, and increased maternal levels of TC were associated with even lower dilation in the N-GDM group. We conclude that GDM-treatments modulate the TC and LDL levels depending on maternal weight. Additionally, increased TC levels worsen the GDM-associated ED of UV rings. This study suggests that it could be relevant to consider a specific GDM-treatment according to weight in order to prevent fetal-ED, as well as to consider the possible effects of maternal lipids during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Contreras-Duarte
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Lorena Carvajal
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - María Jesús Garchitorena
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Mario Subiabre
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Bárbara Fuenzalida
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Claudette Cantin
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Marcelo Farías
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Andrea Leiva
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; (L.C.); (M.J.G.); (M.S.); (B.F.); (C.C.); (M.F.)
- School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago 8330024, Chile
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Chiu S, Siri-Tarino P, Bergeron N, Suh JH, Krauss RM. A Randomized Study of the Effect of Replacing Sugar-Sweetened Soda by Reduced Fat Milk on Cardiometabolic Health in Male Adolescent Soda Drinkers. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020405. [PMID: 32033078 PMCID: PMC7071288 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Soda consumption in adolescents has been linked to poorer metabolic outcomes. We tested whether replacing soda with reduced fat milk would improve features of atherogenic dyslipidemia and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Thirty overweight and obese adolescent boys who were habitual consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages were randomly assigned to consume 24 oz/day of sugar-sweetened soda or an energy equivalent of reduced fat (2%) milk for 3 weeks with crossover to the alternate beverage after a ≥ 2 weeks washout. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins and other laboratory measures were assessed after each beverage period. Lipid and lipoprotein measurements, C-reactive protein, and serum transaminases did not differ significantly between the soda and milk phases of the study. Systolic blood pressure z-score and uric acid concentration were significantly lower after consuming milk compared to soda. Milk consumption also significantly decreased plasma glucosyl ceramide (d18:1/C16:0) and lactosylceramides (d18:1/C16:0 and d18:1/C18:0). While no effects of replacing soda with milk on lipid and lipoprotein measurements were observed in these normolipidemic weight-stable adolescent boys, decreases in systolic blood pressure, uric acid, and glycosphingolipids suggest that an overall favorable effect on cardiometabolic risk can be achieved following a short-term dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Chiu
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute; 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA; (S.C.); (P.S.-T.); (N.B.); (J.H.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Patty Siri-Tarino
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute; 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA; (S.C.); (P.S.-T.); (N.B.); (J.H.S.)
- Siri Tarino Consulting, Piedmont, CA 94611, USA
| | - Nathalie Bergeron
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute; 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA; (S.C.); (P.S.-T.); (N.B.); (J.H.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA 94592, USA
| | - Jung H. Suh
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute; 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA; (S.C.); (P.S.-T.); (N.B.); (J.H.S.)
| | - Ronald M. Krauss
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute; 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA; (S.C.); (P.S.-T.); (N.B.); (J.H.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread disease with increasing prevalence in the modern society. Lipid disturbances are common in this group of patients. In most patients with CKD atherogenic dyslipidemia is observed. Dyslipidemia in patients with renal diseases increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and it accelerates the progression of chronic kidney disease to its end stage. The amelioration of dyslipidemia and the lowering of oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, insulin sensitivity and remnant lipoproteins levels may lead to the reduction in cardiovascular burden. Nutritional interventions can strengthen the beneficial effect of treatment and they play an important role in the preservation of overall well-being of the patients with CKD since the aim of appropriate diet is to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, prevent malnutrition, and hamper the progression of kidney disease. The management of dyslipidemia, regardless of the presence of chronic kidney disease, should be initiated by the introduction of therapeutic lifestyle changes. The introduction of diet change was shown to exert beneficial effect on the lipid level lowering that reaches beyond pharmacological therapy. Currently available evidence give the impression that data on dietary interventions in CKD patients is not sufficient to make any clinical practice guidelines and is of low quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gluba-Brzozka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (B.F.); (J.R.)
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21
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O'Morain VL, Ramji DP. The Potential of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 64:e1900797. [PMID: 31697015 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and peripheral vascular disease, is the leading cause of global mortality. Current therapies against atherosclerosis, which mostly target the dyslipidemia associated with the disease, have considerable residual risk for cardiovascular disease together with various side effects. In addition, the outcomes from clinical trials on many promising pharmaceutical agents against atherosclerosis (e.g., low-dose methotrexate, inhibitors against cholesteryl ester transfer protein) have been disappointing. Nutraceuticals such as probiotic bacteria have, therefore, generated substantial recent interest for the prevention of atherosclerosis and potentially as add-ons with current pharmaceutical drugs. This review will discuss the current understanding of the anti-atherogenic actions of probiotics from preclinical and clinical studies together with their potential underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L O'Morain
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Dipak P Ramji
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
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22
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Aziz Z, Huin WK, Hisham MDB, Ng JX. Effects of pomegranate on lipid profiles: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2019; 48:102236. [PMID: 31987256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a systematic review of randomised controlled trials examining the effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) on lipid profiles. METHOD The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, SCOPUS and conference proceedings were searched for relevant trials to June 2019. We included randomized controlled trials comparing pomegranate with placebo. The outcomes examined were effects on lipids level. Two authors screened titles for inclusion, extracted data and assessed the quality of the trials using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool. We used a random effects model to pool data and stratified trials to examine sources of statistical heterogeneity. To assess the quality of the evidence, we used the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS Seventeen trials recruiting 763 subjects met the inclusion criteria. These trials varied in terms of the dosage form of pomegranate used, subjects recruited and trials duration. Meta-analyses of data did not show pomegranate produced a significant effect on the lipids level examined. The quality of evidence for all outcomes was low due to the imprecision of the pooled effect and the inconsistency within the included trials. The limited data on safety suggest only mild, transient and infrequent adverse events with the short-term use of pomegranate. CONCLUSION Current evidence does not show pomegranate has significant effects on serum lipid levels. The quality of evidence is poor to support the increasing use of pomegranate for hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoriah Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Weng Kit Huin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Jia Xin Ng
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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23
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de Castro APRB, da Cunha DT, Antunes AEC, Corona LP, Bezerra RMN. Effect of Freeze-Dried Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Leaf Supplementation on Biochemical and Anthropometrical Parameters in Overweight and Obese Individuals: a Pilot Study. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2019; 74:232-234. [PMID: 30993531 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is an important public health concern and is directly related with chronic noncommunicable diseases that affect the health of millions of people around the world. This study was held to verify the short-term effects related to the consumption of freeze-dried red beet leaves on biochemical and anthropometrical parameters of volunteers with overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia. Participants (n = 36) were divided at random into two groups. The control group (CG) received nutritional guidance only, and the intervention group (IG) received nutritional guidance and consumed 2.8 g of freeze-dried red beet leaves for four weeks. Biochemical tests and anthropometric measurements were collected, before and after intervention. The distribution of the characteristics between groups was similar. Parameters related to body weight and body mass index (BMI) had a significant reduction in the two groups (p = 0.05). Significant reduction on LDL-cholesterol was found only for the IG (p < 0.01). These data suggest a potential effect of consumption of red beet leaves on the health of individuals with overweight or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diogo Thimoteo da Cunha
- School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Adriane Elisabete Costa Antunes
- School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Ligiana Pires Corona
- School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Maria Neves Bezerra
- School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil.
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Grigoropoulou P, Tentolouris A, Eleftheriadou I, Tsilingiris D, Vlachopoulos C, Sykara M, Tentolouris N. Effect of 12-month intervention with low-dose atorvastatin on pulse wave velocity in subjects with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2019; 16:38-46. [PMID: 30328360 DOI: 10.1177/1479164118805320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Increased aortic stiffness, assessed with the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Statins reduce effectively cardiovascular disease and mortality in high-risk patients. The aim of this prospective non-randomized, observational study was to examine the impact of treatment with either 10 mg atorvastatin plus diet or diet alone on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia. A total of 79 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were included; 46 subjects were treated with atorvastatin 10 mg daily plus diet and 33 were managed by diet alone for 12 months. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity were measured using applanation tonometry. In the atorvastatin-treated group, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity reduced significantly during the study and there was a trend for reduction in the carotid-radial pulse wave velocity. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and C-reactive protein were reduced only in the atorvastatin-treated participants. No significant changes were found in body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, diabetes control and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in either study group. Treatment with low-dose atorvastatin for 12 months improves carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Grigoropoulou
- 1 Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tentolouris
- 1 Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Eleftheriadou
- 1 Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- 1 Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Vlachopoulos
- 2 First Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Sykara
- 1 Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- 1 Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Fahmida U, Djuwita R, Witjaksono F, Abdullah M. Food-based recommendations for Minangkabau women of reproductive age with dyslipidemia. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2019; 28:310-320. [PMID: 31192560 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.201906_28(2).0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Considering the impact of unfavorable dietary practices on inadequate nutrient intake, this cross-sectional study aimed to explore dietary practices, including problem nutrients, and develop local food-based recommendations (FBRs) to improve the intake of problem nutrients among women of reproductive age (WoRA) with dyslipidemia in Minangkabau, Indonesia. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN The study was conducted in the Padang township inhabited mostly by the Minangkabau tribe. Accordingly, 74 WoRA with dyslipidemia completed the study. Two replicate 24-h recalls and a 5-day food record were used to assess food consumption patterns. Then, linear programming (LP) analysis using three modules of the WHO Optifood software was employed to identify problem nutrients and develop FBRs. RESULTS Median (5th and 95th percentiles) weekly consumption frequencies for grain; meat, fish, and eggs; and added fat were 18 (14-27), 11 (6-16), and 15 (7-30), while those for fruits and vegetables were 2 (0-11) and 7 (2-16), respectively. Based on the aforementioned food pattern, PUFA (both n-3 and n-6 fatty acids), dietary fiber, iron, and zinc were identified as typical problem nutrients. The final FBR emphasized on incorporating locally available nutrient-dense foods, as well as food groups and sub-groups, which would improve the intake of problem nutrients. CONCLUSIONS Minangkabau WoRA have dietary practices that predispose them to dyslipidemia. Moreover, the LP approach is a sensitive tool for identifying nutrient-dense foods that could potentially improve problem nutrient intake, as well as those that need to be limited in the final FBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umi Fahmida
- Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Regional Centre for Food and Nutrition (SEAMEO-RECFON) - Pusat Kajian Gizi Regional (PKGR) Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ratna Djuwita
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fiastuti Witjaksono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Murdani Abdullah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Division of Gastro-enterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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R B, Tr R. Dietary n-3 but not n-6 fatty acids down-regulate maternal dyslipidemia induced inflammation: A three-generation study in rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 135:83-91. [PMID: 30103937 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the effects of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in maternal dyslipidemia induced inflammation over three generation in rats. The detailed protocol for animal feeding and mating is described in the methodology. Placenta and fetal liver were isolated on the eighteenth day of gestation and delivered pups after lactation were kept on their maternal diets. Compared to control and experimental groups, high-fat fed rats (HFL) had a higher level of cytokines and eicosanoids in serum (p < 0.05). Liver and uterine expression of cPLA-2, Cox-2, 5-Lox, EP-1, BLT-1, and ICAM-1 were higher (p < 0.05) in HFL group. NF-kB and Nrf-2 levels in placenta and fetal liver were beneficially modulated by n-3 but not n-6 fatty acids. Offspring of dyslipidemic mothers' exhibit amplified inflammatory markers when continued on diets of their mothers. Incorporation of n-3 but not n-6 fatty acids down-regulated maternal dyslipidemia induced inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breetha R
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Ramaprasad Tr
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India.
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Tiong XT, Nursara Shahirah A, Pun VC, Wong KY, Fong AYY, Sy RG, Castillo-Carandang NT, Nang EEK, Woodward M, van Dam RM, Tai ES, Venkataraman K. The association of the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet with blood pressure, glucose and lipid profiles in Malaysian and Philippines populations. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:856-863. [PMID: 29853430 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Despite a growing body of evidence from Western populations on the health benefits of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, their applicability in South East Asian settings is not clear. We examined cross-sectional associations between DASH diet and cardio-metabolic risk factors among 1837 Malaysian and 2898 Philippines participants in a multi-national cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS Blood pressures, fasting lipid profile and fasting glucose were measured, and DASH score was computed based on a 22-item food frequency questionnaire. Older individuals, women, those not consuming alcohol and those undertaking regular physical activity were more likely to have higher DASH scores. In the Malaysian cohort, while total DASH score was not significantly associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors after adjusting for confounders, significant associations were observed for intake of green vegetable [0.011, standard error (SE): 0.004], and red and processed meat (-0.009, SE: 0.004) with total cholesterol. In the Philippines cohort, a 5-unit increase in total DASH score was significantly and inversely associated with systolic blood pressure (-1.41, SE: 0.40), diastolic blood pressure (-1.09, SE: 0.28), total cholesterol (-0.015, SE: 0.005), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-0.025, SE: 0.008), and triglyceride (-0.034, SE: 0.012) after adjusting for socio-demographic and lifestyle groups. Intake of milk and dairy products, red and processed meat, and sugared drinks were found to significantly associated with most risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Differential associations of DASH diet and dietary components with cardio-metabolic risk factors by country suggest the need for country-specific tailoring of dietary interventions to improve cardio-metabolic risk profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- X T Tiong
- Clinical Research Centre, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Malaysia
| | | | - V C Pun
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - K Y Wong
- Clinical Research Centre, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Malaysia
| | - A Y Y Fong
- Clinical Research Centre, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Malaysia; Department of Cardiology, Sarawak General Hospital Heart Centre, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - R G Sy
- Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines; LIFECourse study in Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology (LIFECARE), Philippines Study Group, Lipid Research Unit, UP-PGH, UP, Manila, Philippines
| | - N T Castillo-Carandang
- LIFECourse study in Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology (LIFECARE), Philippines Study Group, Lipid Research Unit, UP-PGH, UP, Manila, Philippines; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine; and Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - E E K Nang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, UK; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E S Tai
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - K Venkataraman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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28
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Banach M, Patti AM, Giglio RV, Cicero AFG, Atanasov AG, Bajraktari G, Bruckert E, Descamps O, Djuric DM, Ezhov M, Fras Z, von Haehling S, Katsiki N, Langlois M, Latkovskis G, Mancini GBJ, Mikhailidis DP, Mitchenko O, Moriarty PM, Muntner P, Nikolic D, Panagiotakos DB, Paragh G, Paulweber B, Pella D, Pitsavos C, Reiner Ž, Rosano GMC, Rosenson RS, Rysz J, Sahebkar A, Serban MC, Vinereanu D, Vrablík M, Watts GF, Wong ND, Rizzo M. The Role of Nutraceuticals in Statin Intolerant Patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 72:96-118. [PMID: 29957236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Statins are the most common drugs administered for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, due to statin-associated muscle symptoms, adherence to statin therapy is challenging in clinical practice. Certain nutraceuticals, such as red yeast rice, bergamot, berberine, artichoke, soluble fiber, and plant sterols and stanols alone or in combination with each other, as well as with ezetimibe, might be considered as an alternative or add-on therapy to statins, although there is still insufficient evidence available with respect to long-term safety and effectiveness on cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. These nutraceuticals could exert significant lipid-lowering activity and might present multiple non-lipid-lowering actions, including improvement of endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The aim of this expert opinion paper is to provide the first attempt at recommendation on the management of statin intolerance through the use of nutraceuticals with particular attention on those with effective low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, and the Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland.
| | - Angelo Maria Patti
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gani Bajraktari
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, and the Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Endocrinology Department, Hopital Pitié Salpetrière, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Descamps
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centres Hospitaliers Jolimont, Haine Saint-Paul, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxells, Belgium
| | - Dragan M Djuric
- Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian" Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marat Ezhov
- National Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zlatko Fras
- Preventive Cardiology Unit, Department of Vascular Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michel Langlois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Gustavs Latkovskis
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - G B John Mancini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Olena Mitchenko
- Dyslipidaemia Department, Institute of Cardiology AMS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Patrick M Moriarty
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Paul Muntner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Dragana Nikolic
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- School of Health Science and Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Pella
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Željko Reiner
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Department of Internal Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Giuseppe M C Rosano
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group St. George's Hospitals NHS Trust University of London, London, United Kingdom; IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert S Rosenson
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, and the Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute and Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maria-Corina Serban
- Department of Functional Sciences, Discipline of Pathophysiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila," and Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Michal Vrablík
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Cardiometabolic Service, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, and School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nathan D Wong
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Kalita S, Khandelwal S, Madan J, Pandya H, Sesikeran B, Krishnaswamy K. Almonds and Cardiovascular Health: A Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:E468. [PMID: 29641440 PMCID: PMC5946253 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several preventive strategies to reduce dyslipidemia have been suggested, of which dietary modification features as an important one. Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and strategies to manage dyslipidemia have been shown to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although there are proven pharmacological therapies to help manage this condition, nutritional interventions are a safer option to help prevent and manage dyslipidemia. Addition of almonds in the daily diet has been proposed to beneficially impact the lipid profile. This review critically examines the available evidence assessing the effect of almonds on dyslipidemia in the South Asian (particularly Indian) context. An extensive review comprised of epidemiological studies, clinical trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews was conducted from published literature from across the world. Studies examining the effect of almonds on different aspects of dyslipidemia viz. high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceridaemia, and high total cholesterol levels have been included. In several studies, almonds have been shown to reduce LDL-C-which is a known risk factor for CHD-and the effect of almonds has been well documented in systematic reviews and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Addition of almonds in the diet has been shown to not only to reduce LDL-C levels, but also to maintain HDL-C levels. This review provides information about the use of this simple nutritional strategy which may help manage known major risk factors for heart disease, such as high LDL-C and low HDL-C levels especially in the context of South Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jagmeet Madan
- Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science, SNDT Women's University, Mumbai 400049, India.
| | - Himanshu Pandya
- Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, Gujarat 388325, India.
| | - Boindala Sesikeran
- Former Directors National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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Mbundu Ilunga R, Helbling C, Favre L, Collet TH. [Management of obesity-associated dyslipidemia : an approach based on food choices]. Rev Med Suisse 2018; 14:627-632. [PMID: 29561571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with elevated levels of triglycerides, sometimes LDL-cholesterol, and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol. Management should first focus on dietary advices and increased physical activity, while lipid-lowering drugs are indicated only in patients at intermediate or high cardiovascular risk. We summarize nutritional recommendations from scientific societies: although they do not always overlap, they agree on lowering consumption of dietary fat (20-35 % of total energy intake) and favoring non-saturated fatty acids. Physicians must review the intake of carbohydrates as well, by limiting added sugars and increasing dietary fibers (vegetables, wholegrain cereals, legumes and nuts). Multidisciplinary management shared between physicians and trained dieticians improves long-term healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Mbundu Ilunga
- Consultation spécialisée des lipides, Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, CHUV, Av. de la Sallaz 8, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Céline Helbling
- Consultation spécialisée des lipides, Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, CHUV, Av. de la Sallaz 8, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Lucie Favre
- Consultation de prévention et traitement de l'obésité, Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, CHUV, Rue St-Martin 3, 1003 Lausanne
| | - Tinh-Hai Collet
- Consultation spécialisée des lipides, Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, CHUV, Av. de la Sallaz 8, 1011 Lausanne
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Kashyap SR, Osme A, Ilchenko S, Golizeh M, Lee K, Wang S, Bena J, Previs SF, Smith JD, Kasumov T. Glycation Reduces the Stability of ApoAI and Increases HDL Dysfunction in Diet-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:388-396. [PMID: 29077935 PMCID: PMC5800833 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hyperglycemia plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) dysfunction and increased degradation of apolipoprotein I (ApoAI). The mechanism(s) of these changes is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To study the role of hyperglycemia-induced glycation on ApoAI kinetics and stability in patients with diet-controlled T2DM. DESIGN 2H2O-metabolic labeling approach was used to study ApoAI turnover in patients with diet-controlled T2DM [n = 9 (5 F); 59.3 ± 8.5 years] and matched healthy controls [n = 8 (4 F); 50.7 ± 11.6 years]. The effect of Amadori glycation on in vivo ApoAI stability and the antioxidant and cholesterol efflux properties of HDL were assessed using a proteomics approach and in vitro assays. RESULTS Patients with T2DM had increased turnover of ApoAI and impaired cholesterol efflux and antioxidant properties of HDL. Glycated hemoglobin was negatively correlated with the half-life of ApoAI and cholesterol efflux function of HDL. Proteomics analysis identified several nonenzymatic early (Amadori) glycations of ApoAI at lysine sites. The kinetics analysis of glycated and native ApoAI peptides in patients with T2DM revealed that glycation resulted in a threefold shorter ApoAI half-life. CONCLUSIONS The 2H2O method allowed the detection of early in vivo impairments in HDL metabolism and function that were related to hyperglycemia-induced glycation of ApoAI in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta R. Kashyap
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Abdullah Osme
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Serguei Ilchenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Makan Golizeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Kwangwon Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - James Bena
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | | | - Jonathan D. Smith
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Takhar Kasumov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
- Department of Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
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Creus A, Benmelej A, Villafañe N, Lombardo YB. Dietary Salba (Salvia hispanica L) improves the altered metabolic fate of glucose and reduces increased collagen deposition in the heart of insulin-resistant rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 121:30-39. [PMID: 28651695 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the effects of dietary Salba (chia) seeds on the mechanisms underlying impaired glucose metabolism in the heart of dyslipemic insulin-resistant rats fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD). Wistar rats were fed a SRD for 3 months. Afterwards, half the animals continued with the SRD; in the other half's diet chia seeds replaced corn oil (CO) for three months (SRD+chia). In the control group, corn starch replaced sucrose. The replacement of CO by chia seeds in the SRD restored the activities of key enzymes involved in heart glucose metabolism decreasing fatty acid oxidation. Chia seeds normalized insulin stimulated GLUT-4 transporter, the abundance of IRS-1 and pAMPK, changed the profile of fatty acid phospholipids, reduced left-ventricle collagen deposition and normalized hypertension and dyslipidemia. New evidence is provided concerning the effects of dietary chia seeds in improving the altered metabolic fate of glucose in the heart of dyslipemic insulin-resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Creus
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Adriana Benmelej
- Department of Morphology, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Noelia Villafañe
- Department of Morphology, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Yolanda B Lombardo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Abstract
Dyslipidaemia is characterized by increased blood levels of total or LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, or decreased HDL cholesterol levels, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidaemia has a high worldwide prevalence, and many patients are turning to alternatives to pharmacotherapy to manage their lipid levels. Lifestyle modification should be emphasized in all patients to reduce cardiovascular risk and can be initiated before pharmacotherapy in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Many functional foods and natural health products have been investigated for potential lipid-lowering properties. Those with good evidence for a biochemical effect on plasma lipid levels include soy protein, green tea, plant sterols, probiotic yogurt, marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids and red yeast rice. Other products such as seaweed, berberine, hawthorn and garlic might confer some limited benefit in certain patient groups. Although none of these products can reduce lipid levels to the same extent as statins, most are safe to use in addition to other lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy. Natural health products marketed at individuals with dyslipidaemia, such as policosanol, guggulsterone and resveratrol, have minimal definitive evidence of a biochemical benefit. Additional research is required in this field, which should include large, high-quality randomized controlled trials with long follow-up periods to investigate associations with cardiovascular end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola M Hunter
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 4288A-1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 4288A-1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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Oridupa OA, Folasire OF, Owolabi AJ. Evaluation of the sub-chronic toxicity profile of the corm of Xanthosoma sagittifolium on hematology and biochemistry of alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. J Complement Integr Med 2017; 14:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2016-0072/jcim-2016-0072.xml. [PMID: 28306532 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Hematological and biochemical changes associated with diabetes mellitus and probable reversal were assessed in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats fed with varied percentages of Xanthosoma sagittifolium corm feed (Xs). The changes were compared to normoglycemic rats and diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide. Methods The study had eight groups in all with group 8 (control) consisting of five normoglycemic rats fed with normal rat pellets (Nrp). Diabetes was experimentally induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan to normoglycemic rats. Diabetic rats (serum glucose >200 mg/dL) at 48 h postinjection were randomly divided into the seven groups, each diabetic group consisting of five rats. One group was untreated and fed with Nrp, four groups were fed with 25 %, 50 %, 75 % or 100 % Xs, one group was fed with 100 % Xs and administered with glibenclamide, while a 7th group was fed with Nrp and administered with glibenclamide. Results This study shows that treatment of diabetes with corm of X. sagittifolium increases cellular response to inflammation which is required for body defense against assaulting agents. Decreased serum protein levels observed in untreated diabetic rats were restored in diabetic rats fed with X. sagittifolium corm with particular increase in serum albumin levels but depression of globulin fraction, except in rats fed with X. sagittifolium feed and administered with glibenclamide. X. sagittifolium showed a potent antihyperglycemic effect and corrected the dyslipidemia in a manner comparable to that observed for glibenclamide. Although HDL levels were still low, significant (p<0.05) decrease of LDL levels was a positive indicator of reduced risk for development of cardiovascular and/or coronary heart disease. Conclusions X. sagittifolium corm can be recommended for inclusion in diets of diabetics without causing further deterioration of health of the diabetic patients.
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Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Davidson KW, Epling JW, García FAR, Gillman MW, Kemper AR, Krist AH, Kurth AE, Landefeld CS, LeFevre ML, Mangione CM, Phillips WR, Owens DK, Phipps MG, Pignone MP. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA 2016; 316:1997-2007. [PMID: 27838723 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.15450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, accounting for 1 of every 3 deaths among adults. OBJECTIVE To update the 2008 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for lipid disorders in adults. EVIDENCE REVIEW The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for and treatment of dyslipidemia in adults 21 years and older; the benefits and harms of statin use in reducing CVD events and mortality in adults without a history of CVD events; whether the benefits of statin use vary by subgroup, clinical characteristics, or dosage; and the benefits of various treatment strategies in adults 40 years and older without a history of CVD events. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The USPSTF recommends initiating use of low- to moderate-dose statins in adults aged 40 to 75 years without a history of CVD who have 1 or more CVD risk factors (dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, or smoking) and a calculated 10-year CVD event risk of 10% or greater (B recommendation). The USPSTF recommends that clinicians selectively offer low- to moderate-dose statins to adults aged 40 to 75 years without a history of CVD who have 1 or more CVD risk factors and a calculated 10-year CVD event risk of 7.5% to 10% (C recommendation). The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of initiating statin use in adults 76 years and older (I statement).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - John W Epling
- State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse
| | | | - Matthew W Gillman
- Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Now with the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (was not affiliated with the National Institutes of Health while a member of the USPSTF)
| | | | - Alex H Krist
- Fairfax Family Practice Residency, Fairfax, Virginia
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
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Pinto AS, Chedid MF, Guerra LT, Cabeleira DD, Kruel CDP. DIETARY MANAGEMENT FOR DYSLIPIDEMIA IN LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS. Arq Bras Cir Dig 2016; 29:246-251. [PMID: 28076479 PMCID: PMC5225864 DOI: 10.1590/0102-6720201600040008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia occurs in approximately 70% of all liver transplant (LT) recipients, and no prior control studies have demonstrated any dietary intervention to change it. Aim To analyze the effects of a dietary intervention on the lipid profile of dyslipidemic LT recipients. Methods All LT recipients with dyslipidemia on clinical follow-up were enrolled. Anthropometric evaluation, food history, body composition (bioimpedance) and assessment of basal metabolism through indirect calorimetry were performed. Patients met with a dietitian and an individualized diet based on estimate of basal metabolism and consisting of 25% of the total energy value in total fat and <200 mg/day of cholesterol was prescribed. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL), LDL-cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and anthropometric measures were measured at baseline and six months after intervention. Results Fifty-thee out of 56 patients concluded follow-up; age was 59±10 years; 29 were men (51.8%). The analysis pre- and post-intervention were, respectively: TC 238.9±30 and 165.1±35, p<0.001; LDL 154±33 and 90±29, p<0.001; and TG 168 (IQR=51-200) and 137 (IQR=94-177), p=<0.001. They were all modified at six months following intervention. At baseline, none of the patients had normal TC, and only 12 (22.7%) had optimal/near optimal LDL. Following dietary intervention, 45 patients (84.9%) reached normal TC and 50 (94.4%) had optimal/near optimal LDL. HDL and anthropometric measures were not modified. Conclusions Dietary counseling with prescription of individualized diet based on estimate of basal metabolism through indirect calorimetry was able to manage dyslipidemia in most LT recipients; so, all dyslipidemic LT recipients must be enrolled on a dietary program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcio F Chedid
- Postgraduate Program in Surgical Sciences
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Liver and Pancreas Transplantation
| | - Léa T Guerra
- Unit of Dietary Therapy, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiane D Cabeleira
- Unit of Dietary Therapy, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cleber D P Kruel
- Postgraduate Program in Surgical Sciences
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Liver and Pancreas Transplantation
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Dos Santos Ferreira R, de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães R, Jardim Cury Pontes ER, Aragão do Nascimento V, Aiko Hiane P. The Effectiveness of a Bioactive Food Compound in the Lipid Control of Individuals with HIV/AIDS. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8100598. [PMID: 27740592 PMCID: PMC5083986 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular events due to decompensated lipid metabolism are commonly found in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients using anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the effect of a bioactive food compound (BFC) containing functional foods on individuals with HIV undergoing HAART. Particularly, this study aims to verify the clinical outcome in the change of the lipid profile due to the use of this compound. This study includes 115 individuals with HIV on HAART. All patients received dietary guidelines; however, sixty-one consumed BFC while fifty-one did not (NO BFC). Biochemical examinations and socio-demographic and clinical profiles were evaluated. As result, in patients using hypolipidemic and/or hypoglycemic drugs, there was 28.6% decrease in triglyceride levels (p < 0.001) in the NO BFC group, and 18.3% reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.001) in the BFC group. In patients who did not use hypolipidemic and/or hypoglycemic drugs in the NO BFC group, there was 30.6% increase in triglycerides, 11.3% total cholesterol and 15.3% LDL-C levels (p < 0.001) while for the BFC group there was 4.5% reduction in total cholesterol (p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study evidenced that the dietary intervention containing BFC positively affected in lipid control, since these HIV/AIDS patients using HAART are more vulnerable to lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosângela Dos Santos Ferreira
- Nutrition Service, University Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Elenir Rose Jardim Cury Pontes
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
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Yokota T, Nomura K, Nagashima M, Kamimura N. Fucoidan alleviates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in ApoE(shl) mice deficient in apolipoprotein E expression. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 32:46-54. [PMID: 27142736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweeds, possesses many biological activities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of fucoidan on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoE(shl) mice) and to elucidate its molecular targets in the liver by using a transcriptomic approach. For 12weeks, ApoE(shl) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with either 1% or 5% fucoidan. Fucoidan supplementation significantly reduced tissue weight (liver and white adipose tissue), blood lipid, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and glucose levels in HFD-fed ApoE(shl) mice but increased plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and HDL-C levels. Fucoidan also reduced hepatic steatosis levels (liver size, TC and TG levels, and lipid peroxidation) and increased white adipose tissue LPL activity. DNA microarray analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated differential expression of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, by activating Ppara and inactivating Srebf1. Fucoidan supplementation markedly reduced the thickness of the lipid-rich plaque, lipid peroxidation and foaming macrophage accumulation in the aorta in HFD-fed ApoE(shl) mice. Thus, fucoidan supplementation appears to have anti-dyslipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic effects by inducing LPL activity and inhibiting the effects of inflammation and oxidative stress in HFD-fed ApoE(shl) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yokota
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki 1-396, Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8533, Japan.
| | - Koichi Nomura
- Department of Neurology, Shioda Hospital, Idemizu 1221, Katsuura-Shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mikio Nagashima
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kaihin Park Clinic, 2-1-2-5 Utase, Mihama-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba, 261-0013, Japan
| | - Naomi Kamimura
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki 1-396, Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8533, Japan
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Sonestedt E, Hellstrand S, Drake I, Schulz CA, Ericson U, Hlebowicz J, Persson MM, Gullberg B, Hedblad B, Engström G, Orho-Melander M. Diet Quality and Change in Blood Lipids during 16 Years of Follow-up and Their Interaction with Genetic Risk for Dyslipidemia. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8050274. [PMID: 27171109 PMCID: PMC4882687 DOI: 10.3390/nu8050274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A high diet quality according to the Swedish nutrition recommendations is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease in the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. To further clarify this protective association, we examined the association between high diet quality and change in triglycerides, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) after 16 years of follow-up in 3152 individuals (61% women; 46–68 years at baseline). In addition, we examined if genetic risk scores composed of 80 lipid-associated genetic variants modify these associations. A diet quality index based on intakes of saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, sucrose, fiber, fruit and vegetables, and fish was constructed. A high diet quality was associated with lower risk of developing high triglycerides (p = 0.02) and high LDL-C (p = 0.03) during follow-up compared with a low diet quality. We found an association between diet quality and long-term change in HDL-C only among those with lower genetic risk for low HDL-C as opposed to those with higher genetic risk (p-interaction = 0.04). Among those with lower genetic risk for low HDL-C, low diet quality was associated with decreased HDL-C during follow-up (p = 0.05). In conclusion, individuals with high adherence to the Swedish nutrition recommendation had lower risk of developing high triglycerides and LDL-C during 16 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sonestedt
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Sophie Hellstrand
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Isabel Drake
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Joanna Hlebowicz
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Margaretha M Persson
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 32, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Bo Gullberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Bo Hedblad
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
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Ajiboye TO, Iliasu GA, Adeleye AO, Ojewuyi OB, Kolawole FL, Bello SA, Mohammed AO. A fermented sorghum/millet-based beverage, Obiolor, extenuates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidaemia and redox imbalance in the livers of rats. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:791-797. [PMID: 25712581 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obiolor, a non-alcoholic beverage produced from fermented sorghum and millet malts, is widely consumed on a daily basis by the Igala tribe in Nigeria and is closely associated with good health. The effect of Obiolor on dyslipidaemia, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation in the liver of rats fed a high-fat diet was investigated. RESULTS High-fat diet-mediated alterations in liver and serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly (P < 0.05) reversed by Obiolor. The beverage increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the liver of rats. These increases significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated the high-fat diet-mediated decrease in antioxidant enzymes. High-fat diet-mediated elevations in the levels of conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and DNA fragmentation in the livers of rats were lowered by the beverage. CONCLUSION This study showed that Obiolor extenuated high-fat diet-mediated dyslipidaemia, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofeek O Ajiboye
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyat A Iliasu
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Abdulwasiu O Adeleye
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Oluwayemisi B Ojewuyi
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Fausat L Kolawole
- Department of Home Economics and Food Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Sharafa A Bello
- Industrial Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Aisha O Mohammed
- Industrial Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Zlatohlávek L, Svačina Š. [A diet suitable for patients with dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome]. Vnitr Lek 2016; 62:912-918. [PMID: 28128579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis or cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. Intervention of its risk factors is pharmacological but non-pharmacological intervention must be its integral part. Dietary recommendations for dyslipidemia are long known however it is necessary to emphasize the importance of their compliance. Presently, these recommendations for adult population to prevent from atherosclerosis are based on healthy nourishment, especially to have sufficient consumption of fish, fresh vegetable and fruit and to avoid consumption of secondary processed meat especially, i.e. smoked meat. Nowadays, there is a diverting trend from recommendation to strictly avoid cholesterol in the diet.Key works: atherosclerosis - cholesterol - diet intervention - dyslipidemia - fatty acids.
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Abstract
Dyslipidemias have been shown to bear a close association with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis in particular. As efforts are being made to find alternative therapies and ways to prevent disease, there is a corresponding rise in public interest in food and/or active food components that contribute to an improved lipid profile and, thus, to better health. Besides supplying the basic nutrients necessary for well-being, some foods add further physiologic benefits. In fact, specific foods and bioactive components could be beneficial in controlling dyslipidemias. From a review of the literature on foods and bioactive compounds, their recommended quantities, and expected effects, we found that the following nutrients and food components could positively impact the lipid profile: monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, soluble fiber, vegetable proteins, phytosterols, and polyphenols. Therefore, incorporating these components into the regular diets of individuals is justified, because they contribute additional positive effects. This suggests that they also be recommended in clinical practice.
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Wang F, Zheng J, Yang B, Jiang J, Fu Y, Li D. Effects of Vegetarian Diets on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e002408. [PMID: 26508743 PMCID: PMC4845138 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegetarian diets exclude all animal flesh and are being widely adopted by an increasing number of people; however, effects on blood lipid concentrations remain unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the overall effects of vegetarian diets on blood lipids. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library through March 2015. Studies were included if they described the effectiveness of vegetarian diets on blood lipids (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride). Weighted mean effect sizes were calculated for net changes by using a random-effects model. We performed subgroup and univariate meta-regression analyses to explore sources of heterogeneity. Eleven trials were included in the meta-analysis. Vegetarian diets significantly lowered blood concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the pooled estimated changes were -0.36 mmol/L (95% CI -0.55 to -0.17; P<0.001), -0.34 mmol/L (95% CI -0.57 to -0.11; P<0.001), -0.10 mmol/L (95% CI -0.14 to -0.06; P<0.001), and -0.30 mmol/L (95% CI -0.50 to -0.10; P=0.04), respectively. Vegetarian diets did not significantly affect blood triglyceride concentrations, with a pooled estimated mean difference of 0.04 mmol/L (95% CI -0.05 to 0.13; P=0.40). CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that vegetarian diets effectively lower blood concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Such diets could be a useful nonpharmaceutical means of managing dyslipidemia, especially hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Wang
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jusheng Zheng
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiajing Jiang
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuanqing Fu
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Duo Li
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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Huguenin GVB, Oliveira GMM, Moreira ASB, Saint'Pierre TD, Gonçalves RA, Pinheiro-Mulder AR, Teodoro AJ, Luiz RR, Rosa G. Improvement of antioxidant status after Brazil nut intake in hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects. Nutr J 2015; 14:54. [PMID: 26022214 PMCID: PMC4477321 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of partially defatted Granulated Brazil nut (GBN) on biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status of hypertensive and dyslipidemic patients on nutrition and drug approaches. METHODS Ninety one hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects of both genders (51.6 % men), mean age 62.1 ± 9.3 years, performed a randomized crossover trial, double-blind, placebo controlled. Subjects received a diet and partially defatted GBN 13 g per day (≈227.5 μg/day of selenium) or placebo for twelve weeks with four-week washout interval. Anthropometric, laboratory and clinic characteristics were investigated at baseline. Plasma selenium (Se), plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx3) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 8-epi PGF2α and oxidized LDL were evaluated at the beginning and in the end of each intervention. RESULTS GBN intake significantly increased plasma Se from 87.0 ± 16.8 to 180.6 ± 67.1 μg/L, increased GPx3 activity in 24,8% (from 112.66 ± 40.09 to 128.32 ± 38.31 nmol/min/mL, p < 0,05), and reduced 3.25% of oxidized-LDL levels (from 66.31 ± 23.59 to 60.68 ± 20.88 U/L, p < 0.05). An inverse association between GPx3 and oxidized LDL levels was observed after supplementation with GBN by simple model (β -0.232, p = 0.032) and after adjustment for gender, age, diabetes and BMI (β -0.298, p = 0.008). There wasn't association between GPx3 and 8-epi PGF2α (β -0.209, p = 0.052) by simple model. CONCLUSION The partially defatted GBN intake has a potential benefit to increase plasma selenium, increase enzymatic antioxidant activity of GPx3 and to reduction oxidation in LDL in hypertensive and dyslipidemic patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01990391; November 20, 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazielle V B Huguenin
- Institute of Heart Edson Saad, Federal Universityof Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Glaucia M M Oliveira
- Institute of Heart Edson Saad, Federal Universityof Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Annie S B Moreira
- Clinic of Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, National Institute of Cardiology (INC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana D Saint'Pierre
- Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo A Gonçalves
- Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra R Pinheiro-Mulder
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Anderson J Teodoro
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Ronir R Luiz
- Institute of Heart Edson Saad, Federal Universityof Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Glorimar Rosa
- Institute of Heart Edson Saad, Federal Universityof Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Departamento de Nutrição e Dietética, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro - Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 25, CEP: 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Abstract
Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by elevated fasting and postprandial triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol, elevated LDL-cholesterol and the predominance of small dense LDL particles. These lipid changes represent the major link between diabetes and the increased cardiovascular risk of diabetic patients. The underlying pathophysiology is only partially understood. Alterations of insulin sensitive pathways, increased concentrations of free fatty acids and low grade inflammation all play a role and result in an overproduction and decreased catabolism of triglyceride rich lipoproteins of intestinal and hepatic origin. The observed changes in HDL and LDL are mostly sequence to this. Lifestyle modification and glucose control may improve the lipid profile but statin therapy mediates the biggest benefit with respect to cardiovascular risk reduction. Therefore most diabetic patients should receive statin therapy. The role of other lipid lowering drugs, such as ezetimibe, fibrates, omega-3 fatty acids, niacin and bile acid sequestrants is less well defined as they are characterized by largely negative outcome trials. This review examines the pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia and its relationship to cardiovascular diseases. Management approaches will also be discussed.
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Gu J, Jing L, Ma X, Zhang Z, Xu M, Wang J, Li Y. Naked oat combined with a structured dietary intervention affects oxidative stress but not inflammation in diabetic dyslipidemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:e35-e37. [PMID: 25315670 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - L Jing
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - X Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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Justo ML, Claro C, Vila E, Herrera MD, Rodriguez-Rodriguez R. Microvascular disorders in obese Zucker rats are restored by a rice bran diet. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:524-531. [PMID: 24361072 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Nutritional-based approaches aimed to prevent microvascular dysfunction associated to obesity present potential advantages over pharmacological strategies. Our aim was to test whether a rice bran enzymatic extract (RBEE)-supplemented diet could attenuate microvascular alterations in obese rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Lean and obese Zucker rats were fed standard diet supplemented or not with 1% and 5% RBEE for 20 weeks. Functional studies were performed in small mesenteric arteries in isometric myograph. Immunoblotting and fluorescence studies were made in arterial homogenates and arterial sections, respectively. RBEE-supplementation restored microvascular function in obese rats through a marked increase in NO and endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor contribution by up-regulation of eNOS and calcium-activated potassium channels expression, respectively, in association to a substantial reduction of microvascular inflammation and superoxide anion formation. These data agrees with the beneficial actions of RBEE on dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypertension in obesity. CONCLUSION The multi-factorial properties of RBEE-diet, especially for restoring the function of small resistance arteries shows this dietary-based approach to be a promising candidate for prevention of microvascular alterations in obesity, which are crucial in cardiovascular events in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Justo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - C Claro
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - E Vila
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M D Herrera
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - R Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
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Derosa G, Bonaventura A, Bianchi L, Romano D, D'Angelo A, Fogari E, Maffioli P. A randomized, placebo-controlled study on the effects of a nutraceutical combination of red yeast rice, silybum marianum and octasonol on lipid profile, endothelial and inflammatory parameters. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2014; 28:317-24. [PMID: 25001663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a combination of red yeast rice, Silybum marianum and octasonol compared to placebo on lipid profile, endothelial, and inflammatory parameters in low risk dislipidemic patients. One hundred and thirty-four dislipidemic patients were randomised to take placebo or a patented nutraceutical association in tablet form (Zeta ColestRT), 1 tablet /day (immediately after the dinner), for three months in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. At baseline and after 3 months the following were evaluated: body weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid profile, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), metalloprotineases-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The nutraceutical combination decreased total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to baseline (p = 0.042, and p = 0.041, respectively) and to placebo (p = 0.039, and p = 0.037, respectively). Triglycerides were reduced by the active treatment (p = 0.039), but not by placebo, even if, in group to group comparison, no differences were recorded (p = 0.061). All adipocytokines were reduced by the nutraceutical combination, in particular p = 0.044 for sICAM-1, p = 0.045 for sVCAM-1, p = 0.040 for sE-selectin, p = 0.035 for MMP-2, p = 0.039 for MMP-9, p = 0.038 for Hs-CRP, p = 0.036 for TNF-α, and p = 0.036 for IL-6 compared to baseline, and p = 0.042 for sICAM-1, p = 0.043 for sVCAM-1, p = 0.042 for sE-selectin, p = 0.031 for MMP-2, p = 0.038 for MMP-9, p =0.038 for Hs-CRP, and p = 0.043 for TNF-alpha, espectively, compared to placebo. We can conclude that a combination of red yeast rice, Silybum marianum and octasonol was effective in improving lipid profile, endothelial, and inflammatory parameters in low risk dislipidemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Derosa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Bonaventura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - L Bianchi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - D Romano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - E Fogari
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - P Maffioli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Grigoropoulou P, Eleftheriadou I, Zoupas C, Makrilakis K, Papassotiriou I, Margeli A, Perrea D, Katsilambros N, Tentolouris N. Effect of atorvastatin on baroreflex sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2014; 11:26-33. [PMID: 24154932 DOI: 10.1177/1479164113508293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this prospective study, we examined the effect of atorvastatin treatment on baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in subjects with type 2 diabetes. A total of 79 patients with type 2 diabetes with dyslipidaemia were recruited. A total of 46 subjects were enrolled to atorvastatin 10 mg daily and low-fat diet and 33 patients to low-fat diet only. BRS was assessed non-invasively using the sequence method at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. Treatment with atorvastatin increased BRS after 12 months (from 6.46 ± 2.79 ms/mmHg to 8.05 ± 4.28 ms/mmHg, p = 0.03), while no effect was seen with low-fat diet. Further sub-analysis according to obesity status showed that BRS increased significantly only in the non-obese group (p = 0.036). A low dose of atorvastatin increased BRS in non-obese subjects with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia after 1-year treatment. This finding emphasizes the beneficial effect of atorvastatin on cardiovascular system, beyond the lipid-lowering effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Grigoropoulou
- First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Ferreira RDS, Cassaro DC, Domingos H, Pontes ERJC, Aiko PH, Meira JECD. The effects of a diet formulation with oats, soybeans, and flax on lipid profiles and uricemia in patients with AIDS and dyslipidemia. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2013; 46:691-7. [PMID: 24474009 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0087-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is accompanied by an attenuation of viral load, metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and lipodystrophy are often observed in patients under this treatment. Certain foods, such as oat bran, soy protein, and flaxseed, have been shown to improve a patient's lipid profile despite possible increases in uricemia. Thus, a bioactive compound was formulated using these foods to help patients with HIV/AIDS control metabolic disorders resulting from HAART. METHODS An uncontrolled before and after study was performed. The total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid before and after 3 months of consuming the formulation were compared in patients. The compound was formulated such that 40g (the recommended daily intake) contained approximately 10g of flaxseed, 20g of oat bran, and 10g of textured soy protein. RESULTS The study population consisted of 139 patients, 31 of whom were included in the final analysis. There were no significant variations between the laboratory results obtained before and after consumption of the compound. CONCLUSIONS The regular consumption of the formulation together with individualized dietary guidance did not reduce lipid levels and did not contribute to an increase in uricemia in the study group. However, new studies with higher doses of the foods that compose the formulation should be encouraged to investigate whether these foods can positively influence the lipid profiles of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosângela dos Santos Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo GrandeMS
| | - Daiane Colman Cassaro
- Residência em Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio PretoSP
| | - Hamilton Domingos
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo GrandeMS
| | - Elenir Rose Jardim Cury Pontes
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo GrandeMS
| | - Priscila Hiane Aiko
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo GrandeMS
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