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Al-Rawi SS, Ibrahim AH, Ahmed HJ, Khudhur ZO. Therapeutic, and pharmacological prospects of nutmeg seed: A comprehensive review for novel drug potential insights. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102067. [PMID: 38690209 PMCID: PMC11059288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives For centuries, plant seed extracts have been widely used and valued for their benefits. They have been used in food, perfumes, aromatherapy, and traditional medicine. These natural products are renowned for their therapeutic properties and are commonly used in medicinal treatments. Their significant pharmacological profiles provide an excellent hallmark for the prevention or treatment of various diseases. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the biological and pharmacological properties of nutmeg seeds and explored their efficacy in treating various illnesses. Method Published articles in databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Wiley, were analyzed using keywords related to nutmeg seed. The searched keywords were chemical compounds, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antidiabetic, anticancer properties, and their protective mechanisms in cardiovascular and Alzheimer's diseases. Results & discussion Nutmeg seeds have been reported to have potent antimicrobial properties against a wide range of various bacteria and fungi, thus showing potential for combating microbial infections and promoting overall health. Furthermore, nutmeg extract effectively reduces oxidative stress and inflammation by improving the body's natural antioxidant defense mechanism. Nutmeg affected lipid peroxidation, reduced lipid oxidation, reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and increased phospholipid and cholesterol excretion. In addition, nutmeg extract improves the modulation of cardiac metabolism, accelerates cardiac conductivity and ventricular contractility, and prevents cell apoptosis. This study elucidated the psychotropic, narcotic, antidepressant, and anxiogenic effects of nutmeg seeds and their potential as a pharmaceutical medicine. Notably, despite its sedative and toxic properties, nutmeg ingestion alone did not cause death or life-threatening effects within the dosage range of 20-80 g powder. However, chemical analysis of nutmeg extracts identified over 50 compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and polyphenolic compounds, which exhibit antioxidant properties and can be used as phytomedicines. Moreover, the exceptional pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of nutmeg have been found different for different administration routes, yet, more clinical trials are still needed. Conclusion Understanding the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of nutmeg holds promise for novel drug discovery and therapeutic advancements. Nutmeg seed offers therapeutic and novel drug prospects that can revolutionize medicine. By delving into their pharmacological properties, we can uncover the vast potential possibilities of this natural wonder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan S. Al-Rawi
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, KRG, Iraq
| | - Ahmad Hamdy Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, KRG, Iraq
| | - Heshu Jalal Ahmed
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, KRG, Iraq
| | - Zhikal Omar Khudhur
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, KRG, Iraq
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2
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Hernández-Vázquez L, Colín-Martínez B, Lara-Ruíz MG, Cordova-Alonso B, González-Morales E, Godínez-Chaparro B. Anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic activity of (±)-licarin A in neuropathic rats via NO-cyclic-GMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22134. [PMID: 37984815 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to examine the effect of intraperitoneal and intrathecal (±)-licarin A in neuropathic pain induced by L5 and L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in male Wistar rats and the possible involvement of the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway. Neuropathic pain signs (allodynia and hyperalgesia) were evaluated on postoperative Day 14 using von Frey filaments. Single intraperitoneal (0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg) and intrathecal (0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/rat) administration of (±)-licarin A improved allodynia and hyperalgesia. The (±)-licarin A-induced anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic activity was prevented by the intrathecal injection of l-NAME (100 µg/rat; nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), ODQ (10 µg/rat; guanylate cyclase inhibitor), and glibenclamide (50 µg/rat; adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ channel blocker). The data suggest that (±)-licarin A exerts its anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic activity by activating the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Hernández-Vázquez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Coyoacan, Mexico
| | - Brian Colín-Martínez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Coyoacan, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Lara-Ruíz
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Coyoacan, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Cordova-Alonso
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Coyoacan, Mexico
| | - Estefanía González-Morales
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Coyoacan, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Godínez-Chaparro
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Coyoacan, Mexico
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Othman MA, Sivasothy Y. Acylphenols and Dimeric Acylphenols from the Genus Myristica: A Review of Their Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1589. [PMID: 37111813 PMCID: PMC10143527 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The genus Myristica is a medicinally important genus belonging to the Myristicaceae. Traditional medicinal systems in Asia have employed plants from the genus Myristica to treat a variety of ailments. Acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols are a rare group of secondary metabolites, which, to date, have only been identified in the Myristicaceae, in particular, in the genus Myristica. The aim of the review would be to provide scientific evidence that the medicinal properties of the genus Myristica could be attributed to the acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols present in the various parts of its plants and highlight the potential in the development of the acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols as pharmaceutical products. SciFinder-n, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were used to conduct the literature search between 2013-2022 on the phytochemistry and the pharmacology of acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols from the genus Myristica. The review discusses the distribution of the 25 acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols within the genus Myristica, their extraction, isolation, and characterization from the respective Myristica species, the structural similarities and differences within each group and between the different groups of the acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols, and their in vitro pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Aqmal Othman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yasodha Sivasothy
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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4
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Xiao WW, Zhang HL, Wang CF, Chen Y, Zhan R, Li D, Shao LD. Chemical Synthesis Enables the Configurational Determination of Myristriol, a Highly Oxygenated Phenylpropanoid from Myristica fragrans Houtt. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201075. [PMID: 36762483 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
A new phenylpropanoid, myristriol (1), along with 11 known ones were isolated from the seed kernel of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Their chemical structures were clearly elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. In which, the relative configuration of 1 was finally determined as erythro-1 by comparison the NMR data of two synthetic erythro- and threo-diastereoisomers with that of natural 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Xiao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Lin Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Fan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650050, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650050, P. R. China
| | - Dashan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Li-Dong Shao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
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5
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Poorbagher MRM, Karimi E, Oskoueian E. Hepatoprotective effect of nanoniosome loaded Myristica fragrans phenolic compounds in mice-induced hepatotoxicity. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5517-5527. [PMID: 36226354 PMCID: PMC9639044 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, nanoniosome‐loaded Myristica fragrans' (MF) phenolic compounds (NLMP) were synthesized and characterized for their physical properties, and hepatoprotective effects on mice with liver toxicity induced by L‐asparaginase (LA) injection. According to the results, NLMP has a spherical shape with a 263 nm diameter, a zeta potential of −26.55 mV and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.192. The weight and feed intake of mice induced with hepatotoxicity were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased after they were treated with NLMP (2.5 mg/kg body weight of mice). In addition, the blood levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (Chol), liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) and total bilirubin were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased. A significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in the blood levels of the antioxidant defence system (glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) were also reported after NLMP treatment. NLMP was also led to a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in inflammatory‐related gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) in the liver, as well as a meaningful (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the expression of SOD as an antioxidant status biomarker. Consequently, the NLMP is recommended as a potential dietary supplement to alleviate the symptoms of LA‐induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Research and Development, Arka Industrial Cluster, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Qiburi Q, Ganbold T, Aoqier A, Yang D, Su Z, Bao M, He M, Gaowa S, Temuqile T, Baigude H. Analysis and identification of key anti-inflammatory molecules in Eerdun Wurile and exploration of their mechanism of action in microglia. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1211:123458. [PMID: 36183605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ethnomedicine Eerdun Wurile (EW) can significantly promote poststroke neuro-recovery through modulation of microglia polarization. Fraction 4-6 (F4-6) isolated from EW via serial fractionation inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in LPS stimulated microglia. However, the key active molecules of F4-6 have not been identified. Herein, we identified alantolactone (Ala) and dehydrodiisoeugenol (Deh) as the active anti-inflammatory components of F4-6 by UPLC-qTof MS analysis. We confirmed that, F4-6, Ala, Deh and mixture of Ala and Deh (Mix) downregulate the expression of several pro-inflammatory genes including Ccl2, Cox2 and Il6 in LPS-treated microglia in a similar pattern. At the same time upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory genes including Hmox1, Tgfβ, Igf1 and Creb1. Moreover, the conditioned culture media obtained from F4-6 treated microglia significantly enhanced proliferation of N2a cells, and promoted neurite outgrowth possibly through upregulation of Nefh and Dlg4. Mechanistically, F4-6 strongly downregulated the expression of NF-κB p65, while also inhibiting the nuclear translocation of p65, leading to the suppression of transcription of pro-inflammatory genes initiated by NF-κB. Collectively, our data identified and quantified the key chemicals of EW and provide insights into the optimization of the herbal composition for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiburi Qiburi
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Tsogzolmaa Ganbold
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Aoqier Aoqier
- International Hospital of Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- International Hospital of Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Su
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Mingming Bao
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Meng He
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Saren Gaowa
- International Hospital of Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China
| | - Temuqile Temuqile
- International Hospital of Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China.
| | - Huricha Baigude
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China.
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7
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Prommee N, Itharat A, Thongdeeying P, Makchuchit S, Pipatrattanaseree W, Tasanarong A, Ooraikul B, Davies NM. Exploring in vitro anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of Prasachandaeng remedy, and its bioactive compounds. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:217. [PMID: 35953870 PMCID: PMC9373486 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03678-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prasachandaeng (PSD) remedy has been empirically used in Thai traditional medicine to treat fever in bile duct and liver and cancer patients through Thai folk doctors. However, there have been no scientific reports on the bioactive compounds and bioactivities related to inflammation-associated carcinogenesis or cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the chemical content of the remedy, and evaluated its cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines in comparison with a non-cancerous cell line and determined tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. A novel HPLC method was used for quality control of its chemical content. Methods Pure compounds from the EtOH extract of D. cochinchinensis were isolated using bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical content of the PSD remedy was determined using HPLC. The cytotoxic activity against the hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2) and cholangiocarcinoma cell line (KKU-M156), in comparison with non-cancerous cell line (HaCaT), were investigated using antiproliferative assay (SRB). The anti-inflammatory activity measured by TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 was determined using ELISA. Results All crude extracts and isolated compounds exhibited significant differences from vincristine sulfate (****p < 0.0001) in their cytotoxic activity against HepG2, KKU-M156, and HaCaT. The PSD remedy exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and KKU-M156 with IC50 values of 10.45 ± 1.98 (SI = 5.3) and 4.53 ± 0.74 (SI = 12.2) µg/mL, respectively. Some constituents from C. sappan, D. cochinchinensis, M. siamensis, and M. fragrans also exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and KKU-M156, with IC50 values less than 10 µg/mL. The isolated compounds, i.e., Loureirin B (1), 4-Hydroxy-2,4’-dimethoxydihydrochalcone (2), and Eucomol (3) exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines. None of the crude extracts and isolated compounds showed cytotoxicity against HaCaT. D. cochinchinensis and PSD remedy exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activity measured as TNF-α production than acetaminophen. Conclusion The findings provide evidence of bioactivity for EtOH extracts of PSD remedy and the isolated compounds of D. Cochinchinensis. The results consistent the use clinical activity and use of PSD remedy as a antipyretic treatment for liver and bile duct cancer patients by Thai traditional practitioners.
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8
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Yoshioka Y, Kono R, Kuse M, Yamashita Y, Ashida H. Phenylpropanoids and neolignans isolated from Myristica fragrans enhance glucose uptake in myotubes. Food Funct 2022; 13:3879-3893. [PMID: 35275149 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04408g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nutmeg is the seed of Myristica fragrans or its powder and is used as a spice and a traditional medicine. The antidiabetic effect of nutmeg is not fully understood yet. In this study, we examine the isolation and identification of the active compounds of Myristica fragrans with regards to glucose uptake and elucidate their mechanism in L6 myotubes. Myrisiticin, licarin B, erythro-2-(4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxy-phenoxy)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-propan-1-ol (ADDP) and (7S,8R)-2-(4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-propan-1-ol (ADTP) were isolated and identified as the active compounds. Myristicin or a mixture of ADDP and ADTP promoted the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) through phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase in L6 myotubes 15 min after treatment, while licarin B promoted it 240 min after treatment. Oral administration of the fraction from Myristica fragrans containing these active compounds to ICR mice suppressed post-prandial hyperglycemia. Thus, Myristica fragrans is a promising functional food to prevent post-prandial hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus by promoting glucose uptake in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasukiyo Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-8501, Japan.,Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan
| | - Ryunoshin Kono
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-8501, Japan.
| | - Masaki Kuse
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-8501, Japan.
| | - Yoko Yamashita
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-8501, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-8501, Japan.
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Cheng Y, Ma X, Zhao Q, Wang C, Yan D, Li F. Metabolic Profile of C-Prenyl Coumarins Using Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216558. [PMID: 34770967 PMCID: PMC8588418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
C-prenyl coumarins (C-PYCs) are compounds with similar structures and various bioactivities, which are widely distributed in medicinal plants. Until now, the metabolic characterizations of C-PYCs and the relationship between metabolism and bioactivities remain unclear. In this study, ultra-performance chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) was firstly used to determine the metabolic characterizations of three C-PYCs, including meranzin hydrate (MH), isomeranzin (ISM), and meranzin (MER). In total, 52 metabolites were identified, and all of them were found to be novel metabolites. Among these metabolites, 10 were from MH, 22 were from ISM, and 20 were from MER. The major metabolic pathways of these C-PYCs were hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, demethylation, and conjugation with cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, and glucuronide. The metabolic rate of MH was much lower than ISM and MER, which was only 27.1% in MLM and 8.7% in HLM, respectively. Additionally, recombinant cytochrome P450 (CYP) screening showed that CYP1A1, 2B6, 3A4, and 3A5 were the major metabolic enzymes involved in the formation of metabolites. Further bioactivity assays indicated that all of these three C-PYCs exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, but the effects of ISM and MER were slightly higher than MH, accompanied by a significant decrease in inflammatory cytokines transcription induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages RAW 264.7. Taken together, the metabolic characterizations of the three C-PYCs suggested that the side chain of the prenyl group may impact the metabolism and biological activity of C-PYCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China;
| | - Qi Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China;
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Fei Li
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (F.L.)
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Liu X, Dong Y, Alizade V, Khutsishvili M, Atha D, Borris RP, Clark BR. Molecular networking-driven isolation of 8'-Glycosylated biscoumarins from Cruciata articulata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112856. [PMID: 34233243 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A molecular networking-guided phytochemical investigation of Cruciata articulata led to the isolation of five unreported biscoumarins, four of which were characterized by a shared 6-methoxy-7,8'-dihydroxy-3,7'-biscoumarin aglycone. These were isolated alongside two known coumarin glycosides, daphnetin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and 6'-acetoxy-daphnetin-8-O-β-D-glucoside. Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments, in combination with chemical transformation and MS/MS fragmentation analysis. Four of the biscoumarins were glycosylated at the 8' position: these are the first examples of this substitution pattern to be described in nature. All compounds were tested for cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties, but did not display significant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuyu Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Valida Alizade
- Institute of Botany, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, AZ1102, Azerbaijan
| | - Manana Khutsishvili
- National Herbarium of Georgia, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, 100995, Georgia
| | | | - Robert P Borris
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Benjamin R Clark
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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11
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Liu X, Wang Y, Alizade V, Khutsishvili M, Atha D, Borris RP, Clark BR. Cruciasides C-G, monoterpenoid glycosides from Cruciata articulata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 189:112821. [PMID: 34107434 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cruciata articulata (L.) Ehrend. is a herbaceous species distributed in parts of Western Asia and the Mediterranean region. While research on other species in the Cruciata genus has revealed the presence of a range of flavonoids and terpenoids, few such studies have been conducted on C. articulata. Thus, in the current study, a phytochemical investigation of C. articulata was carried out. Molecular networking identified a large cluster of compounds sharing distinctive MS-MS fragmentation patterns that were targeted for isolation, leading to the isolation of five undescribed monoterpenoid glycosides, cruciasides C-G, along with two known monoterpenoid glycosides. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by using chemical and spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR, and MS-MS fragmentation. Structures for the ions observed in the MS-MS were proposed, and based on these fragmentation patterns, structures for several of the minor components observed in the molecular network were also proposed. All isolated compounds were tested for cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties, but did not display any activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yali Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Valida Alizade
- Institute of Botany, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, AZ1102, Azerbaijan
| | - Manana Khutsishvili
- National Herbarium of Georgia, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, 100995, Georgia
| | | | - Robert P Borris
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Benjamin R Clark
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Zhou XQ, Li SQ, Liao CC, Dai WF, Rao KR, Ma XR, Li RT, Chen XQ. Structurally diversified ent-kaurane and abietane diterpenoids from the stems of Tripterygium wilfordii and their anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105178. [PMID: 34303897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Four undescribed ent-kaurane diterpenoids, wilkaunoids A - D (1-4), and three undescribed abietane diterpenoids, wilabinoids A - C (13-15), along with thirteen known ones (5-12 and 16-20), were isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, electroniccirculardichroism calculation, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 were a pair of C-19 epimers of ent-kaurane diterpenoids, featuring a rare 19,20-epoxy-19,20-dimethoxy-kaurane fragment. Compound 3 possessed a rare naturally occurring 1,3-dioxacyclohexane moiety. Compounds 13 and 15 represented the first example of abietane diterpenoids with an isovalerate substitution from the genus of Tripterygium. The possible biosynthetic pathways of 1-3 were postulated. The effect of 1-20 on nitric oxide production was examined in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Abietane diterpenoid quinones 7-13 (IC50: 1.9-10.2 μM) exhibited the significant activity to inhibit nitric oxide production versus positive control (NG-monomethyl-l-arginine acetate salt, IC50 = 24.9 μM). The structure activity relationship of 7-13 in inhibiting nitric oxide production was then discussed. The most potent 7 and 8 were found to significantly suppress the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase proteins, showing a good anti-inflammatory potential. The findings provided some valuable insights for the discovery and structural modification of abietane diterpenoids towards anti-inflammatory lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiong Zhou
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Si-Qi Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Ceng Liao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Feng Dai
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Rui Rao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Rong Ma
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Tao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China.
| | - Xuan-Qin Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P.R. China.
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13
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Prommee N, Itharat A, Panthong S, Makchuchit S, Ooraikul B. Ethnopharmacological analysis from Thai traditional medicine called prasachandaeng remedy as a potential antipyretic drug. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113520. [PMID: 33129948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Prasachandaeng (PSD) remedy is a famous antipyretic drug for adults and children in Thai traditional medicine used and is described in Thailand's National List of Essential Medicine. Relationship between the taste of this herbal medicine, ethnopharmacological used and its pharmacological properties was reviewed. AIMS OF STUDY Since there has been no scientific report on the antipyretic activity of PSD, aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy related antipyretic drug of the remedy and its 12 herbal ingredients. It involved quality evaluation of raw materials, extraction of PSD and its ingredients, in vitro evaluation of their inhibitory activities on fever mediators, i.e. NO and PGE2 production in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell line stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, and its stability study of the 95% ethanolic extract of PSD remedy. MATERIALS AND METHODS PSD remedy was extracted by maceration with 50% and 95% ethanol (PSD50 and PSD95), by decoction with distilled water (PSDW), and hydrolysis of PSDW with 0.1 N HCl (PSDH). The 12 plant ingredients were extracted with 95% ethanol. Quality evaluation of PSD ingredients was performed according to the standard procedures for the quality control of herbal materials. The inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production was determined by the Griess reaction and the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 production was determined using the ELISA test kit. RESULTS PSD ingredients passed the quality standard stipulated for herbal materials. PSD95 exhibited the highest inhibitory activities on the production of NO and PGE2 with the IC50 values of 42.40 ± 0.72 and 4.65 ± 0.76 μg/mL, respectively. A standard drug acetaminophen (ACP) exhibited inhibition of NO and PGE2 production with the IC50 values of 99.50 ± 0.43 and 6.110 ± 0.661 μg/mL, respectively. The stability study was suggested two years shelf-life of PSD95. This is the first report on the activity related antipyretic activity of PSD remedy and its ingredients against two fever mediators, NO and PGE2. CONCLUSION The results suggested that the 95% ethanolic extracts of PSD remedy and some of its ingredients, were better than ACP in reducing fever. PSD should be further studied using in vivo models and clinical trials to support its use as an antipyretic drug in Thai traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuntika Prommee
- Student of Doctor of Philosophy (Applied Thai Traditional Medicine), Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Arunporn Itharat
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Sumalee Panthong
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Sunita Makchuchit
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Buncha Ooraikul
- Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Professor Emeritus, Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Bualuang ASEAN Chair Professor, Thammasat University, Canada.
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Ha MT, Vu NK, Tran TH, Kim JA, Woo MH, Min BS. Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Myristica fragrans Houtt.: an updated review. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:1067-1092. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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15
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Cheng Y, Yin Z, Jiang F, Xu J, Chen H, Gu Q. Two new lignans from the aerial parts of Saururus chinensis with cytotoxicity toward nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Fitoterapia 2020; 141:104344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Small molecule inhibitors and stimulators of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cancer cells from natural origin (phytochemicals, marine compounds, antibiotics). Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 176:113792. [PMID: 31926145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are a family of isoforms, which generate nitric oxide (NO). NO is one of the smallest molecules in nature and acts mainly as a potent vasodilator. It participates in various biological processes ranging from physiological to pathological conditions. Inducible NOS (iNOS, NOS2) is a calcium-independent and inducible isoform. Despite high iNOS expression in many tumors, the role of iNOS is still unclear and complex with both enhancing and prohibiting actions in tumorigenesis. Nature presents a broad variety of natural stimulators and inhibitors, which may either promote or inhibit iNOS response. In the present review, we give an overview of iNOS-modulating agents with a special focus on both natural and synthetic molecules and their effects in related biological processes. The role of iNOS in physiological and pathological conditions is also discussed.
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Teng H, Ren Y, Ma Z, Tan X, Xu J, Chen Y, Yang G. Homoadamantane polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from the fruits of Garcinia multiflora. Fitoterapia 2019; 137:104245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Chen Y, Ma Z, Teng H, Gan F, Xiong H, Mei Z, Yang G. Adamantyl and homoadamantyl derivatives from Garcinia multiflora fruits. RSC Adv 2019; 9:12291-12299. [PMID: 35515831 PMCID: PMC9063546 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01279f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine undescribed caged polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs), including adamantane type PPAPs (1–2) and homoadamantane type PPAPs (3–9), were isolated from the fruits of Garcinia multiflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Ziyu Ma
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Haida Teng
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Fei Gan
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Zhinan Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Guangzhong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education (South-Central University for Nationalities)
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19
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Chen Y, Ma Z, Teng H, Gan F, Xiong H, Mei Z, Yang G. Four intricately caged polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Garcinia multiflora fruits. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00586b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Garmultinones A–C (1–3), three polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) with a unique caged tricyclo[3.3.1.1.4,8]decane skeleton, and one PPAP garmultinone D (4) with the tricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]decane skeleton bearing the 2,2-dimethyl-3-isopropenylcyclopentyl ring were isolated from the fruits of Garcinia multiflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Ziyu Ma
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Haida Teng
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Fei Gan
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Zhinan Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Guangzhong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education
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20
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Understanding the Multitarget Pharmacological Mechanism of the Traditional Mongolian Common Herb Pair GuangZao-RouDouKou Acting on Coronary Heart Disease Based on a Bioinformatics Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7956503. [PMID: 30534179 PMCID: PMC6252196 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7956503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
GuangZao and RouDouKou (Fructus Choerospondiatis and Nutmeg, FCN) are one of the most common herb pairs in traditional Mongolian medicine for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, evidence for the protective effect of FCN is limited, and its underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. The present study employed a network pharmacology approach to identify the potentially active ingredients and synergistic effects of the herb pair FCN as traditional Mongolian medicine. We predicted the targets of all available FCN ingredients with PharmMapper, SWISS, and SuperPred Server and clustered CHD-related targets from the DrugBank and the OMIM database. We also evaluated the links between herbal ingredients and pharmacological actions to explore the potential mechanism of action of FCN. We found that FCN targets a network of CHD-related key processes, including stress responses, cell adhesion and connections, angiogenesis, cell apoptosis and necrosis, the endocrine system, inflammatory and immune responses, and other biological processes. To confirm the predicted results, we investigated the protective effect of FCN on isoproterenol- (ISO-) induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Pathological assessment indicated that FCN inhibits apoptosis and inflammatory responses involving the myocardium. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting analyses demonstrated the therapeutic effects of FCN on ISO-induced myocardial ischemia rats, possibly via regulating stress and inflammatory responses and inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The findings of the present study indicate that bioinformatics combined with experimental verification provide a credible and objective method to elucidate the complex multitarget mechanism of action of FCN.
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Chen XL, Liu F, Xiao XR, Yang XW, Li F. Anti-inflammatory abietanes diterpenoids isolated from Tripterygium hypoglaucum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 156:167-175. [PMID: 30312932 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tripterygium hypoglaucum (H. Lév.) Hutch. has been used to remedy rheumatoid arthritis, however, it shows frequent toxicity to the body. In this study, liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) was guided to characterize abietanes diterpenoids with anti-inflammatory activity from the stem of T. hypoglaucum. Thirteen undescribed abietanes diterpenoids were isolated and purified, and their chemical structure was identified using various spectroscopic methods. These compounds belonged to abietanes with splitting C ring, abietanes with benzenoid rings, diterpene quinoids, diterpene quinoids with lactone rings, and abietanes with benzenoid and lactone rings, respectively. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 macrophages was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds. The results indicated that hypoglicin B-G and hypoglicin J-M exhibited inhibitory activity of NO production with the IC50 values of 6.01, 25.21, 8.29, 3.63, 0.72, 0.89, 36.91, 0.82, 2.85, 11.92 μM, respectively. Among these compounds, compound hypoglicin L showed high anti-inflammatory activity and low toxicity (SI = 5.02 × 104). Further QPCR analysis revealed that hypoglicin D and hypoglicin L can inhibit the mRNA expression of iNOS in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells at doses of 12.5 and 3.13 μM, respectively. Taken together, ten anti-inflammatory diterpenoids were found from T. hypoglaucum in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xue-Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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22
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Chumkaew P, Srisawat T. New neolignans from the seeds of Myristica fragrans and their cytotoxic activities. J Nat Med 2018; 73:273-277. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Wu XW, Wei W, Yang XW, Zhang YB, Xu W, Yang YF, Zhong GY, Liu HN, Yang SL. Anti-Inflammatory Phenolic Acid Esters from the Roots and Rhizomes of Notopterygium incisium and Their Permeability in the Human Caco-2 Monolayer Cell Model. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060935. [PMID: 28587222 PMCID: PMC6152638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new ferulic acid ester named 4-methyl-3-trans-hexenylferulate (1), together with eight known phenolic acid esters (2–9), was isolated from the methanolic extract of the roots and rhizomes of Notopterygium incisium. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques, including 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. 4-Methoxyphenethyl ferulate (8) NMR data is reported here for the first time. The uptake and transepithelial transport of the isolated compounds 1–9 were investigated in the human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Compounds 2 and 6 were assigned for the well-absorbed compounds, compound 8 was assigned for the moderately absorbed compound, and compounds 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 were assigned for the poorly absorbed compounds. Moreover, all of the isolated compounds were assayed for the inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production in the lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 macrophages model and L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine (L-NIL) was used as a positive control. Compounds 1, 5, 8, and 9 exhibited potent inhibitory activity on NO production with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 1.01, 4.63, 2.47, and 2.73 μM, respectively, which were more effective than L-NIL with IC50 values of 9.37 μM. These findings not only enriched the types of anti-inflammatory compounds in N. incisum but also provided some useful information for predicting their oral bioavailability and their suitability as drug leads or promising anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Wen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - You-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yan-Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Guo-Yue Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Hong-Ning Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Shi-Lin Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Teponno RB, Kusari S, Spiteller M. Recent advances in research on lignans and neolignans. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 33:1044-92. [PMID: 27157413 DOI: 10.1039/c6np00021e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2009 to 2015Lignans and neolignans are a large group of natural products derived from the oxidative coupling of two C6-C3 units. Owing to their biological activities ranging from antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory to antiviral properties, they have been used for a long time both in ethnic as well as in conventional medicine. This review describes 564 of the latest examples of naturally occurring lignans and neolignans, and their glycosides in some cases, which have been isolated between 2009 and 2015. It comprises the data reported in more than 200 peer-reviewed articles and covers their source, isolation, structure elucidation and bioactivities (where available), and highlights the biosynthesis and total synthesis of some important ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Bertrand Teponno
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany. and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P. O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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Su GY, Cheng YC, Wang KW, Wang XY, Wu B. An Unusual Tetrahydrofuran Lignan from the Roots of Zanthoxylum planispinum and the Potential Anti-inflammatory Effects. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 27585089 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An unusual tetrahydrofuran lignin, zanthplanispine (1), together with 14 known lignans (2 - 15) were isolated from the AcOEt-soluble fraction from the MeOH extract of Z. planispinum roots. The structures of 1 was elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments as well as HR-ESI-MS analysis. The known compounds were identified by the comparison of their NMR data with previously reported in the literatures. Bioassay showed that compounds 1 - 4 could inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In particular, compound 1 showed significant inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 36.8 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yao Su
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Chun Cheng
- Library, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Kui-Wu Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
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26
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Natural cholinesterase inhibitors from Myristica cinnamomea King. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3785-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Chiu S, Wang T, Belski M, Abourashed EA. HPLC-Guided Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Phenylpropanoid and Phenolic Constituents of Nutmeg Kernel (Myristica fragrans). Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies on the biological activities of nutmeg continue to appear in the literature. The most common targets include GIT, CNS, oxidative stress and inflammation. However, results obtained from most studies are often inconsistent due to the variability of utilized samples, lack of standardized nutmeg products or insufficient amounts of pure compounds for comprehensive follow-up investigation. To address the consistency and supply issue we utilized available technology to develop a reproducible procedure for preparation of specific extracts and isolation of the major phenolic constituents present in nutmeg kernel. A well-defined and reproducible sequence of extraction, fractionation and chromatographic purification was adopted and was guided by HPLC fingerprinting. Spectroscopic methods, mainly NMR, and mass spectrometry were utilized to identify each compound. Thirteen compounds were isolated in a pure form and identified as: elemicin (1), isoelemicin (2), myristicin (4), surinamensin (5), malabaricone C (6), 2-(3′-allyl-2′,6′-dimethoxy-phenyloxy)-1-acetoxy-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-propyl ester (7), methoxylicarin A (8), licarin A (9), malabaricone B (10), licarin C (11), 5′-methoxylicarin B (12), licarin B (13), and 2-(3′-allyl-2′,6′-dimethoxy-phenyloxy)-1-methyl-5-methoxy-1,2-dihydrobenzofuran (3, a new compound). With repeated isolation runs, these pure compounds can be prepared in quantities sufficient for biological evaluation as needed. The availability of purified compounds will also allow the development of specific, accurate, and sensitive analytical procedures for pharmacokinetic studies and for quality control of nutmeg products. Both aspects are essential for nutmeg-focused drug discovery. The same approach can also be adapted to other medicinal plants of potential interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Chiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
| | - Thomas Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
| | - Martin Belski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
| | - Ehab A. Abourashed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
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28
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Zhang YB, Yang XB, Yang XW, Xu W, Li F, Gonzezal FJ. Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Sensitive Method for the Determination of Dehydrodiisoeugenol in Rat Cerebral Nuclei. Molecules 2016; 21:321. [PMID: 27005607 PMCID: PMC6273846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A new liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method is developed for the quantification of dehydrodiisoeugenol (DDIE) in rat cerebral nuclei after single intravenous administration. DDIE and daidzein (internal standard) were separated on a Diamonsil™ ODS C18 column with methanol–water containing 0.1% formic acid (81:19, v/v) as a mobile phase. Detection of DDIE was performed on a positive electrospray ionization source using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. DDIE and daidzein were monitored at m/z 327.2→188.0 and m/z 255.0→199.2, respectively, in multiple reaction monitoring mode. This method enabled quantification of DDIE in various brain areas, including, cortex, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus, cerebellum and brainstem, with high specificity, precision, accuracy, and recovery. The data herein demonstrate that our new LC-MS/MS method is highly sensitive and suitable for monitoring cerebral nuclei distribution of DDIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xin-Bao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Frank J Gonzezal
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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29
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Wu N, Xu W, Cao GY, Yang YF, Yang XB, Yang XW. The Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability of Lignans and Malabaricones from the Seeds of Myristica fragrans in the MDCK-pHaMDR Cell Monolayer Model. Molecules 2016; 21:134. [PMID: 26805808 PMCID: PMC6274353 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of twelve lignans and three phenolic malabaricones from the seeds of Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) were studied with the MDCK-pHaMDR cell monolayer model. The samples were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were calculated. Among the fifteen test compounds, benzonfuran-type, dibenzylbutane-type and arylnaphthalene-type lignans showed poor to moderate permeabilities with Papp values at 10−8–10−6 cm/s; those of 8-O-4′-neolignan and tetrahydrofuran-lignan were at 10−6–10−5 cm/s, meaning that their permeabilities are moderate to high; the permeabilities of malabaricones were poor as their Papp values were at 10−8–10−7 cm/s. To 5-methoxy-dehydrodiisoeugenol (2), erythro-2-(4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-propan-1-ol acetate (6), verrucosin (8), and nectandrin B (9), an efflux way was involved and the main transporter for 6, 8 and 9 was demonstrated to be P-glycoprotein. The time and concentration dependency experiments indicated the main transport mechanism for neolignans dehydrodiisoeugenol (1), myrislignan (7) and 8 was passive diffusion. This study summarized the relationship between the BBB permeability and structure parameters of the test compounds, which could be used to preliminarily predict the transport of a compound through BBB. The results provide a significant molecular basis for better understanding the potential central nervous system effects of nutmeg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Gui-Yun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yan-Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xin-Bao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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30
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Shyni GL, Sasidharan K, Francis SK, Das AA, Nair MS, Raghu KG. Licarin B from Myristica fragrans improves insulin sensitivity via PPARγ and activation of GLUT4 in the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13055k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Licarin B, a major bioactive compound isolated fromMyristica fragransmace improves glucose uptakeviaPPARγ and GLUT4 translocation in IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway in adipocytes
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Affiliation(s)
- G. L. Shyni
- Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Kavitha Sasidharan
- Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Sajin K. Francis
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Arya A. Das
- Computational Modeling and Simulation Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Mangalam S. Nair
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - K. G. Raghu
- Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
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31
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Matsui T, Ito C, Masubuchi S, Itoigawa M. Licarin A is a candidate compound for the treatment of immediate hypersensitivity via inhibition of rat mast cell line RBL-2H3 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:1723-32. [PMID: 26376734 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We previously demonstrated that some phenylpropanoids are capable of inhibiting activated mast cells. This study evaluated the anti-allergic effects of licarin A, a neolignan isolated from various plants, on antigen-stimulated rat mast cell line. METHODS The inhibitory effects of licarin A on histamine release, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) production, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in dinitrophenyl-human serum albumin (DNP-HSA) rat basophilic leukemia cells (DNP-HSA-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells), were investigated by spectrofluorometry, ELISA and immunoblotting. KEY FINDINGS Licarin A significantly and dose-dependently reduced TNF-α production (IC50 12.6 ± 0.3 μm) in DNP-HSA-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Furthermore, the levels of PGD2 secretion in DNP-HSA-stimulated cells pretreated with licarin A were lower than those stimulated with DNP-HSA alone (positive control). Treatment with licarin A at 20 μm produced slight suppression of DNP-HSA-induced increases in COX-2 mRNA and protein levels. We identified several signalling pathways that mediated these pharmacological effects. Licarin A treatment tended to reduce phosphorylated protein kinase C alpha/beta II (PKCα/βII) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that licarin A reduces TNF-α and PGD2 secretion via the inhibition of PKCα/βII and p38 MAPK pathways; this compound may be useful for attenuating immediate hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Matsui
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ito
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoru Masubuchi
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masataka Itoigawa
- School of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Aichi, Japan
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32
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Zhang CR, Jayashree E, Kumar PS, Nair MG. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Compounds in Nutmeg (Myristica Fragrans) Pericarp as Determined by in vitro Assays. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutmeg, Myristica fragrans, is known for its culinary and medicinal values. The nutmeg pericarp, abundant during the production of the seed, is also used in food and beverage preparations. In this study, the pericarp of M. fragrans was evaluated for its bioactive components using in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays. The hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts inhibited lipid peroxidation (LPO) by 82.5, 70.1 and 73.2%, and cyclooxygenase enzymes COX-1 by 44, 44 and 42% and COX-2 by 47, 41 and 36%, respectively, at 100 μg/mL. The bioassay-guided purifications of extracts yielded 20 compounds belonged to neolignans (0.13%), phenylpropanoids (0.28%), phenolic aldehyde (0.35%), triterpenoids (0.06%), triglycerides (0.20%), sugars (10.2%) and steroids (0.49%). Pure isolates 1–5 inhibited LPO by 70–99% and 3–12 inhibited COX-1 and -2 enzymes by 37–49%. This is the first report on the bioassay-guided characterization of constituents in nutmeg pericarp. Our results support the medicinal claims of nutmeg pericarp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Rui Zhang
- Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI, 48824, USA
| | - Ettannil Jayashree
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673012, India
| | | | - Muraleedharan G. Nair
- Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI, 48824, USA
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Chair of Date Palm Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Deng GG, Wei W, Yang XW, Zhang YB, Xu W, Gong NB, Lü Y, Wang FF. New coumarins from the roots of Angelica dahurica var. formosana cv. Chuanbaizhi and their inhibition on NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Fitoterapia 2015; 101:194-200. [PMID: 25647326 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new linear pyranocoumarin named (-)-hydroxydecursinol (1) and a new biscoumarin named (±)-dahuribiscoumarin (2), together with six known compounds isoimperatorin (3), imperatorin (4), phellopterin (5), isodemethylfuropinarine (6), demethylfuropinarine (7), and (+)-decursinol (8) were isolated from the 75% ethanolic extract of the roots of Angelica dahurica var. formosana cv. Chuanbaizhi. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques, including 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and the structure of 2 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for the inhibition against nitric oxide (NO) production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, and exhibited the inhibitory activity on NO production in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, real-time PCR analysis revealed that compounds 2, 5-8 could significantly suppress the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in a concentration-dependent manner. And their primary structure-activity relationships of NO inhibitory effects were also briefly discussed. These compounds are potential candidates for further bioassay studies to determine their suitability as drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gai-Gai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - You-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Ning-Bo Gong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yang Lü
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Feng-Feng Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, PR China
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34
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Cao GY, Xu W, Yang XW, Gonzalez FJ, Li F. New neolignans from the seeds of Myristica fragrans that inhibit nitric oxide production. Food Chem 2014; 173:231-7. [PMID: 25466017 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Five new 8-O-4' type neolignans, named myrifralignan A-E (1-5), together with five known analogues (6-10), were isolated from the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Their chemical structures were determined using several spectroscopic methods. Compounds 3-10 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the production of nitric oxide (NO) in the RAW264.7 cell line stimulated by lipopolysaccaride. Myrislignan (7) and machilin D (10) were the most potent inhibitors of NO production amongst these compounds. The IC50 values of myrislignan and machilin D were 21.2 and 18.5 μM. And, their inhibitory activity was more than L-N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (IC50=27.1 μM). Furthermore, real-time PCR analysis revealed that these neolignans could significantly suppress the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA. These results demonstrated that the 8-O-4' type neolignans are promising candidates as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (Peking University), Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (Peking University), Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (Peking University), Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Fei Li
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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