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Liu H, Shi J, Liu F, Zhang L. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental verification to reveal the anti-inflammatory ingredients and molecular mechanism of pycnogenol. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1408304. [PMID: 38989153 PMCID: PMC11233470 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1408304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pycnogenol (PYC), a standardized extract from French maritime pine, has traditionally been used to treat inflammation. However, its primary active components and their mechanisms of action have not yet been determined. Methods: This study employed UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) and network pharmacology to identify the potential active components of PYC and elucidate their anti-inflammatory mechanisms by cell experiments. Results: 768 PYC compounds were identified and 19 anti-inflammatory compounds were screened with 85 target proteins directly involved in the inflammation. PPI (protein-protein interaction) analysis identified IL6, TNF, MMP9, IL1B, AKT1, IFNG, CXCL8, NFKB1, CCL2, IL10, and PTGS2 as core targets. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis suggested that the compound in PYC might exert anti-inflammatory effects through the IL17 and TNF signal pathways. Cell experiments determined that PYC treatment can reduce the expression of IL6 and IL1β to relieve inflammation in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-induced BV2 cells. Conclusion: PYC could affect inflammation via multi-components, -targets, and -mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Litao Zhang
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
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Pak SW, Lee SJ, Kim WI, Yang YG, Cho YK, Kim JS, Kim TW, Ko JW, Kim JC, Kim SH, Shin IS. The effects of Pycnogenol, a pine bark extract on pulmonary inflammation by Asian sand dust in mice. VET MED-CZECH 2024; 69:8-17. [PMID: 38465002 PMCID: PMC10919100 DOI: 10.17221/77/2023-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Asian sand dust (ASD), also called China dust or yellow dust, mainly occurs in East Asia during spring and autumn. Because ASD enters the body mainly through the respiratory system, it can cause respiratory disorders or worsen underlying diseases. Because of this, it has become an important health concern that threatens the well-being of humans and animals. In this study, we investigated the effects of 15 and 30 mg/kg of Pycnogenol (PYC15 and 30 groups), a pine bark extract, on ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. We evaluated the inflammatory cell counts, inflammatory cytokines, and matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in animal models. PYC administration significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration into lung tissue; this was accompanied by a reduction in the levels of proinflammatory mediators including interleukin (IL)-1β (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.01) and tumour necrosis factor-α (P < 0.01) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of ASD-exposed mice (ASD group). Histological analysis revealed that PYC suppressed ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation. Moreover, PYC suppressed the levels of matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in the lung tissue of ASD-exposed mice, indicating that PYC reduced ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation by suppressing MMP-9. Together, these results indicate that PYC as the potential to treat ASD-driven pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea-Gin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Cho
- College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Sun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- BK21 FOUR Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- BK21 FOUR Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Kim MH, Bae CS, Bok SH, Choi HS, Ahn T, Cho SS, Park DH. Drug Development from Natural Products Based on the Pathogenic Mechanism of Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12469. [PMID: 37569846 PMCID: PMC10419019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pulmonary system associated with many wheeze-to-sleep apnea complications that may lead to death. In 2019, approximately 262 million patients suffered from asthma, and 455 thousand died from the disease worldwide. It is a more severe health problem in children and older adults, and as the aging of society intensifies, the problem will continue to worsen. Asthma inducers can be classified as indoor and outdoor allergens and can cause asthma due to their repeated invasion. There are several theories about asthma occurrence, such as the imbalance between Th1 and Th2, inflammation in the pulmonary system, and the abnormal apoptosis/cell proliferation of cells related to asthma. Although there are many medications for asthma, as it is an incurable disease, the purpose of the drugs is only to suppress the symptoms. The current drugs can be divided into relievers and controllers; however, as they have many adverse effects, such as immune suppression, growth retardation, promotion of cataracts, hyperactivity, and convulsions, developing new asthma drugs is necessary. Although natural products can have adverse effects, the development of asthma drugs from natural products may be beneficial, as some have anti-asthmatic effects such as immune modulation, anti-inflammation, and/or apoptosis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hee Kim
- Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (C.-S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - So-Hyeon Bok
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo-Seung Choi
- Department of Digital Contents, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (C.-S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
- Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
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Liu JX, Zhang Y, Yuan HY, Liang J. The treatment of asthma using the Chinese Materia Medica. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113558. [PMID: 33186702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Asthma is a costly global health problem that negatively influences the quality of life of patients. The Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) contains remedies that have been used for the treatment of asthma for millennia. This article strives to systematically summarize the current research progress so that more comprehensive examinations of various databases related to CMM anti-asthma drugs, can be performed, so as to sequentially provide effective basic data for development and application of anti-asthma drugs based on the CMM. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research data published over the past 20 years for asthma treatment based on traditional CMM remedies were retrieved and collected from libraries and online databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Spring Link, Web of Science, PubChem Compound, Wan Fang, CNKI, Baidu, and Google Scholar). Information was also added from classic CMM, literature, conference papers on classic herbal formulae, and dissertations (PhD or Masters) based on traditional Chinese medicine. RESULTS This review systematically summarizes the experimental studies on the treatment of asthma with CMM, covering the effective chemical components, typical asthma models, important mechanisms and traditional anti-asthma CMM formulae. The therapy value of the CMM for anti-asthma is clarified, and the original data and theoretical research foundation are provided for the development of new anti-asthmatic data and research for the CMM. CONCLUSIONS Substantial progress against asthma has been made through relevant experimental research based on the CMM. These advances improved the theoretical basis of anti-asthma drugs for CMM and provided a theoretical basis for the application of a asthma treatment that is unique. By compiling these data, it is expected that the CMM will now contain a clearer mechanism of action and a greater amount of practical data that can be used for future anti-asthma drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang Nursing College, 209 Academy Road, Harbin, 150086, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Hong-Yu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Jun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, PR China.
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Amaral-Machado L, Oliveira WN, Moreira-Oliveira SS, Pereira DT, Alencar ÉN, Tsapis N, Egito EST. Use of Natural Products in Asthma Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:1021258. [PMID: 32104188 PMCID: PMC7040422 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1021258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, a disease classified as a chronic inflammatory disorder induced by airway inflammation, is triggered by a genetic predisposition or antigen sensitization. Drugs currently used as therapies present disadvantages such as high cost and side effects, which compromise the treatment compliance. Alternatively, traditional medicine has reported the use of natural products as alternative or complementary treatment. The aim of this review was to summarize the knowledge reported in the literature about the use of natural products for asthma treatment. The search strategy included scientific studies published between January 2006 and December 2017, using the keywords "asthma," "treatment," and "natural products." The inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) studies that aimed at elucidating the antiasthmatic activity of natural-based compounds or extracts using laboratory experiments (in vitro and/or in vivo); and (ii) studies that suggested the use of natural products in asthma treatment by elucidation of its chemical composition. Studies that (i) did not report experimental data and (ii) manuscripts in languages other than English were excluded. Based on the findings from the literature search, aspects related to asthma physiopathology, epidemiology, and conventional treatment were discussed. Then, several studies reporting the effectiveness of natural products in the asthma treatment were presented, highlighting plants as the main source. Moreover, natural products from animals and microorganisms were also discussed and their high potential in the antiasthmatic therapy was emphasized. This review highlighted the importance of natural products as an alternative and/or complementary treatment source for asthma treatment, since they present reduced side effects and comparable effectiveness as the drugs currently used on treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Amaral-Machado
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Dispersed System Laboratory (LaSid), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Wógenes N. Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Dispersed System Laboratory (LaSid), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Susiane S. Moreira-Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Dispersed System Laboratory (LaSid), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Daniel T. Pereira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Dispersed System Laboratory (LaSid), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Éverton N. Alencar
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, LaSid, UFRN, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Tsapis
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Eryvaldo Sócrates T. Egito
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Dispersed System Laboratory (LaSid), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, LaSid, UFRN, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil
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Simpson T, Kure C, Stough C. Assessing the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Pycnogenol ® on Cognitive Aging From In Vitro Animal and Human Studies. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:694. [PMID: 31333448 PMCID: PMC6619435 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is a complex and multifactorial process broadly involving changes in the brain's structure, neuronal activity, and biochemical profile. These changes in brain function have also been linked to age-associated variations in cognitive function. Recent research has suggested a role of increased oxidative stress and reduced cognition in older people. Therefore, studies that examine the effects of antioxidants on cognitive performance are important, particularly in the context of an increase in elderly populations in most Western countries. One such antioxidant, Pycnogenol, is a standardized plant-based extract obtained from the bark of the French maritime pine and has a long historical use to treat inflammation and improve health. More recently, Pycnogenol has been subjected to more than 100 research trials. In vitro and animal studies using the standardized extract have indicated a multimodal action of Pycnogenol, and several human studies have shown improvements in cognitive function after chronic administration. In this paper, we review these studies in the context of understanding both biological and cognitive changes due to Pycnogenol and evaluate possibilities of Pycnogenol to improve neurocognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Simpson
- Swinburne Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Verlaet A, van der Bolt N, Meijer B, Breynaert A, Naessens T, Konstanti P, Smidt H, Hermans N, Savelkoul HFJ, Teodorowicz M. Toll-Like Receptor-Dependent Immunomodulatory Activity of Pycnogenol ®. Nutrients 2019; 11:E214. [PMID: 30678156 PMCID: PMC6412808 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pycnogenol® (PYC), an extract of French maritime pine bark, is widely used as a dietary supplement. PYC has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory actions via inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. However, the role of the other receptors from the TLR family in the immunomodulatory activity of PYC has not been described so far. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate whether PYC might exert its immunomodulatory properties through cell membrane TLRs (TLR1/2, TLR5, and TLR2/6) other than TLR4. Moreover, the effect of gastrointestinal metabolism on the immunomodulatory effects of PYC was investigated. FINDINGS We showed that intact non-metabolized PYC dose-dependently acts as an agonist of TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 and as a partial agonist of TLR5. PYC on its own does not agonize or antagonize TLR4. However, after the formation of complexes with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), it is a potent activator of TLR4 signaling. Gastrointestinal metabolism of PYC revealed the immunosuppressive potential of the retentate fraction against TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 when compared to the control fraction containing microbiota and enzymes only. The dialyzed fraction containing PYC metabolites revealed the capacity to induce anti-inflammatory IL-10 secretion. Finally, microbially metabolized PYC affected the colonic microbiota composition during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that gastrointestinal metabolism of PYC reveals its biological activity as a potential inhibitor of TLRs signaling. The results suggest that metabolized PYC acts as a partial agonist of TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 in the presence of the microbiota-derived TLR agonists (retentate fraction) and that it possesses anti-inflammatory potential reflected by the induction of IL-10 from THP-1 macrophages (dialysate fraction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Verlaet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Nieke van der Bolt
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ben Meijer
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Annelies Breynaert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Tania Naessens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Prokopis Konstanti
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University& Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University& Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Huub F J Savelkoul
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Malgorzata Teodorowicz
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Hassan Kha HAR, Abdel-Daye UA, AbdulSalam H, Tallat Abb A, Ahmead Abd MT, El-Aziz Fo NA. Licorice (Glycyrrhizza glabra) Extract Prevents Production of Th2 Cytokines and Free Radicals Induced by Ova Albumin in Mice. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.1072.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Effect of Pycnogenol® on an experimental rat model of allergic conjunctivitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:1299-1304. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-3988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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10
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Lee JW, Wu Q, Jang YP, Choung SY. Pinus densiflora bark extract ameliorates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice by regulating Th1/Th2 balance and skin barrier function. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1135-1143. [PMID: 29484729 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) bark has been traditionally used in Korea and other parts of East Asia to relieve inflammatory diseases. Although many studies using P. densiflora bark have been reported, its effect on atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been elucidated. Thus, we investigated whether the P. densiflora bark extract (PBE) has potential to attenuate AD symptoms and elucidated the molecular mechanism. Oral administration of PBE to mice with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD lessened dermatitis scores and scratching behavior and significantly reduced measures of epidermal thickness, infiltration of mast cells and eosinophils, levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), and IgG1 /IgG2a ratio in serum. PBE not only inhibited IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 but also increased IFN-γ in splenic production. Furthermore, PBE significantly suppressed mRNA expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and further downregulated the mRNA expression of Th2 and Th17 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, IL-31, and TNF-α. In addition, the protein expressions of filaggrin, involucrin, and loricrin in lesional skin were recovered by PBE. These results suggest that PBE attenuates DNCB-induced AD via regulating Th1/Th2 balance and skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Woo Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Qianwen Wu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Pyo Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Young Choung
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Pharmacy and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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12
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Pycnogenol Reduces Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Atherosclerosis Formation in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2017; 68:292-303. [PMID: 27322603 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pycnogenol (PYC) is an extract from French maritime pine bark. Its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects have been shown to be beneficial for atherosclerosis. Here, we tested whether PYC could suppress high cholesterol and fat diet (HCD)-induced atherosclerosis formation in apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice. In our study, PYC suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced lipid accumulation in peritoneal macrophages. Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were orally administered PYC or a control solvent for ten weeks, and these mice were fed a standard diet or high cholesterol and fat diet during the latter eight weeks. Pycnogenol markedly decreased the size of atherosclerotic lesions induced by high cholesterol and fat diet compared with the nontreated controls. In addition, TLR4 expression in aortic sinus was stimulated by high cholesterol and fat diet feeding and was significantly reduced by PYC. A mechanistic analysis indicated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly increased expression of fatty acid binding protein (aP2) and macrophage scavenger receptor class A (SR-A), which were blocked by a JNK inhibitor. Furthermore, PYC inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of aP2 and scavenger receptor class A via the JNK pathway. In conclusion, PYC administration effectively attenuates atherosclerosis through the TLR4-JNK pathway. Our results suggest that PYC could be a potential prophylaxis or treatment for atherosclerosis in humans.
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Ko JW, Shin NR, Park SH, Cho YK, Kim JC, Seo CS, Shin IS. Genipin inhibits allergic responses in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 53:49-55. [PMID: 29035815 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genipin is a natural compound isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides with various pharmacological effects. In this study, we investigated whether genipin effectively alleviates allergic responses in a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. The mice were administered an intraperitoneal injection of OVA on day 0 and 14 to boost the immune response; genipin was then administered from day 18 to 23 by oral gavage. On days 21 to 23, mice were OVA-challenged using am ultrasonic nebulizer, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was determined on day 24 by plethysmography. Genipin significantly reduced the inflammatory cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and AHR, which were accompanied by lower interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-13 and OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels in the BALF or serum from OVA-induced asthmatic mice. In histology, genipin significantly decreased airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Additionally, genipin inhibited OVA-induced increases in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 proteins. Further, genipin reduced the activity and protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in lung tissue from OVA induced asthmatic mice. Overall, genipin effectively alleviated the asthmatic inflammatory response in an OVA-induced asthmatic model. Therefore, our results suggest that genipin has therapeutic potential for treating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyeuk Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Cho
- College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, 298 Daesung-ro, Sangdang-gu Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Yeh GY, Horwitz R. Integrative Medicine for Respiratory Conditions: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Med Clin North Am 2017; 101:925-941. [PMID: 28802471 PMCID: PMC5654539 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are 2 common chronic respiratory disorders in primary care that cause considerable morbidity and mortality. This article reviews disease pathophysiology and outlines an integrative, multidimensional approach to the evaluation and management of these conditions, including pharmacotreatment, nutrition, supplements, self-care strategies, mind-body therapies, and other integrative modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Y Yeh
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1309 Beacon Street, Brookline, MA 02446, USA.
| | - Randy Horwitz
- Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, PO Box 245153, Tucson, AZ 85724-5153, USA
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Pine bark extract (Pycnogenol®) suppresses cigarette smoke-induced fibrotic response via transforming growth factor-β1/Smad family member 2/3 signaling. Lab Anim Res 2017; 33:76-83. [PMID: 28747971 PMCID: PMC5527150 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2017.33.2.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) is an important disease featured as intense inflammation, protease imbalance, and air flow limitation and mainly induced by cigarette smoke (CS). In present study, we explored the effects of Pycnogenol® (PYC, pine bark extract) on pulmonary fibrosis caused by CS+lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. Mice were treated with LPS intranasally on day 12 and 26, followed by CS exposure for 1 h/day (8 cigarettes per day) for 4 weeks. One hour before CS exposure, 10 and 20 mg/kg of PYC were administered by oral gavage for 4 weeks. PYC effectively reduced the number of inflammatory cells and proinflammatory mediators caused by CS+LPS exposure in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. PYC inhibited the collagen deposition on lung tissue caused by CS+LPS exposure, as evidenced by Masson's trichrome stain. Furthermore, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression and Smad family member 2/3 (Smad 2/3) phosphorylation were effectively suppressed by PYC treatment. PYC markedly reduced the collagen deposition caused by CS+LPS exposure, which was closely involved in TGF-β1/Smad 2/3 signaling, which is associated with pulmonary fibrotic change. These findings suggest that treatment with PYC could be a therapeutic strategy for controlling COPD progression.
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Shin NR, Ryu HW, Ko JW, Park JW, Kwon OK, Oh SR, Kim JC, Shin IS, Ahn KS. A standardized bark extract of Pinus pinaster Aiton (Pycnogenol ®) attenuated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via Erk-sp1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:412-420. [PMID: 27725237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A standardized bark extract of Pinus pinaster Aiton (Pycnogenol®; PYC) used as an herbal medicine to treat various diseases in Europe and North America. AIM OF THE STUDY This study evaluates the ability of PYC to inhibit chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-stimulated human airway epithelial cell line NCI-H292 and in a cigarette smoke (CS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model. METHODS To induce COPD, the mice intranasally received LPS on day 4 and were exposed to CS for 1h per day (total eight cigarettes per day) from days 1-7. The mice were administered PYC at a dose of 15mg/kg and 30mg/kg 1h before CS exposure. RESULTS In the CSE-stimulated NCI-H292 cells, PYC significantly inhibited Erk phosphorylation, sp1 expression, MUC5AC, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in a concentration-dependent manner, as evidenced by a reduction in their mRNA levels. Co-treatment with PYC and Erk inhibitors markedly reduced the levels inflammatory mediators compared to only PYC-treatment. In the COPD mice model, PYC decreased the inflammatory cell count and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid compared with COPD mice. PYC attenuated the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the airways and decreased the expression levels of Erk phosphorylation and sp1. PYC also inhibited the expression of myeloperoxidase and matrix metalloproteinases-9 in lung tissue. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that PYC inhibited the reduction in the inflammatory response in CSE-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and the COPD mouse model via the Erk-sp1 pathway. Therefore, we suggest that PYC has the potential to treat COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Rae Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung-Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Won Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
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Günel C, Demirci B, Eryılmaz A, Yılmaz M, Meteoğlu İ, Ömürlü İK, Başal Y. Inhibitory Effect of Pycnogenol ® on Airway Inflammation in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis. Balkan Med J 2016; 33:620-626. [PMID: 27994914 PMCID: PMC5156464 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.150057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The supplement Pycnogenol® (PYC) has been used for the treatment of several chronic diseases including allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the in vivo effects on allergic inflammation have not been identified to date. AIMS To investigate the treatment results of PYC on allergic inflammation in a rat model of allergic rhinitis. STUDY DESIGN Animal experimentation. METHODS Allergic rhinitis was stimulated in 42 rats by intraperitoneal sensitization and intranasal challenge with Ovalbumin. The animals were divided into six subgroups: healthy controls, AR group, AR group treated with corticosteroid (dexamethasone 1 mg/kg; CS+AR), healthy rats group that were given only PYC of 10 mg/kg (PYC10), AR group treated with PYC of 3mg/kg (PYC3+AR), and AR group treated with PYC of 10 mg/kg (PYC10+AR). Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (Ig-E) levels of serum were measured. Histopathological changes in nasal mucosa and expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β were evaluated. RESULTS The levels of the IL-4 were significantly decreased in the PYC3+AR, PYC10+AR and CS+AR groups compared with the AR group (p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.006). The production of the IFN-γ was significantly decreased in the PYC3+AR and PYC10+AR groups compared with the AR group (p=0.013, p=0.001). The administration of PYC to allergic rats suppressed the elevated IL-10 production, especially in the PYC3+AR group (p=0.006). Mucosal edema was significantly decreased respectively after treatment at dose 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg PYC (both, p<0.001). The mucosal expression of TNF-α has significantly decreased in the PYC3+AR and PYC10+AR groups (p=0.005, p<0.001), while the IL-1β expression significantly decreased in the CS+AR, PYC3+AR, and PYC10+AR groups (p<0.001, p=0.003, p=0.001). CONCLUSION PYC has multiple suppressive effects on allergic response. Thus, PYC may be used as a supplementary agent in allergic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Günel
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Buket Demirci
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Aylin Eryılmaz
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yılmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Meteoğlu
- Department of Medical Pathology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - İmran Kurt Ömürlü
- Department of Biostatistic, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Başal
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
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Liu Z, Han B, Chen X, Wu Q, Wang L, Li G. Pycnogenol Ameliorates Asthmatic Airway Inflammation and Inhibits the Function of Goblet Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:730-739. [PMID: 27643741 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pycnogenol® (PYC) is utilized in the treatment of various diseases ranging from chronic inflammation to circulatory diseases, but its efficacy and functional mechanism in pediatric asthma continue to remain obscure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and molecular mechanism of PYC on regulation of asthmatic airway inflammation. We found that PYC with tail intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg or intragastric administration of 100 mg/kg all reduced ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway injury. Pharmacokinetics of PYC was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography assay, indicating that PYC was quickly absorbed into the blood after intragastric administration, and PYC metabolism was later improved gradually with increase of time after PYC administration. PYC has a higher bioavailability of 71.96%, and it was more easily absorbed by the body. PYC inhibited the number of total inflammatory cells and levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of OVA-induced mice. PYC inhibited IL-13 secretion from the Th2 cells, thereby causing a reduction in expression of the signaling molecules in JAK/STAT6 pathway in airway epithelial cells. STAT6 silence suppressed IL-13-increased acetylcholine level. STAT6 overexpression promoted expression of goblet cell metaplasia-associated molecules (FOXA3, SPDEF, and Muc5ac). PYC suppressed OVA-induced expression of FOXA3, SPDEF, and Muc5ac in lung. Our findings indicate that PYC has a higher bioavailability and it prevents emergence of OVA-induced airway injury and airway inflammation in mice by inhibiting IL-13/JAK/STAT6 pathway and blocking release of acetylcholine to reduce goblet cell metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoe Liu
- 1 Department of Neonatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Han
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Chen
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- 3 Department of Neonatal, Maternity and Child Care Hospital , Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wang
- 1 Department of Neonatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- 1 Department of Neonatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Lee JW, Shin NR, Park JW, Park SY, Kwon OK, Lee HS, Hee Kim J, Lee HJ, Lee J, Zhang ZY, Oh SR, Ahn KS. Callicarpa japonica Thunb. attenuates cigarette smoke-induced neutrophil inflammation and mucus secretion. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:1-8. [PMID: 26342519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Callicarpa japonica Thunb. (CJT) is traditionally used as an herbal remedy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in Korea, China, and Japan. In this study, we evaluated the effects of C. japonica Thunb. (CJT) on the development of COPD using a Cigarette smoke (CS)-induced murine model and cigarette smoke condensate (CSC)-stimulated H292 cells, human pulmonary mucoepidermoid cell line. MATERIAL AND METHODS C. japonica Thunb. was isolated from the leaves and stem of C. japonica. The methanol extract profile was obtained by UPLC Q-TOF-MS analysis. In in vivo experiment, the mice received 1h of cigarette smoke for 10 days. C. japonica Thunb. was administered to mice by oral gavage 1h before cigarette smoke exposure for 10 days. In in vitro experiment, we evaluated the effect of C. japonica Thunb. on the expression of MUC5AC and proinflammatory cytokines in H292 cells stimulated with CSC. RESULTS CJT treatment effectively suppressed the infiltration of neutrophils, and decreased the production of ROS and the activity of neutrophil elastase in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) induced by CS. CJT also significantly attenuated production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α in the BALF, and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the production of mucus in lung tissue induced by CS. In in vitro experiments, CJT decreased the expression of MUC5AC and proinflammatory cytokines in CSC-stimulated H292 cells. Furthermore, CJT attenuated the phosphorylation of ERK induced by CSC in H292 cells. Taken together, CJT effectively reduced the neutrophil airway inflammation and mucus secretion induced by CS in murine model, and inhibited the expression of MUC5AC in CSC-stimulated H292 human lung cell line. These findings suggest that CJT has a therapeutic potential for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Shin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-1 Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sol Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Joongku Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi-yun Zhang
- State Key Labtoratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany (LSEB) Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-1 Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea; International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; State Key Labtoratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany (LSEB) Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, PR China.
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Ryu HW, Song HH, Shin IS, Cho BO, Jeong SH, Kim DY, Ahn KS, Oh SR. Suffruticosol A isolated from Paeonia lactiflora seedcases attenuates airway inflammation in mice induced by cigarette smoke and LPS exposure. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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Hong JM, Kwon OK, Shin IS, Song HH, Shin NR, Jeon CM, Oh SR, Han SB, Ahn KS. Anti-inflammatory activities of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii extract through the inhibition of MMP-9 and AP-1 activation. Immunobiology 2015; 220:1-9. [PMID: 25454812 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Physalis alkekengi has been traditionally used for the treatment of coughs, middle ear infections, and sore throats in Korea, Europe, and China. It exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects. The anti-inflammatory effects of the P. alkekengi methanol extract (PA) and its molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully investigated. In the present study, the chromatogram of PA was established by UPLC analysis. The anti-inflammatory effects of PA were also investigated using murine microphage cell lines, RAW 264.7 cells, and a murine model of OVA induced asthma. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, PA reduced the MMP-9 expression with decreases in the production of nitric oxide, inteleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Furthermore, PA suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPKs, which resulted in the inhibition of AP-1 activation. These effects of PA were consistent with the results of the in vivo experiment. PA-treated mice significantly inhibited inflammatory cell counts and cytokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and airway-hyperresponsiveness in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. PA treated mice also showed a marked inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and MMP-9 expression. In conclusion, our results suggest that PA may be a valuable therapeutic material in treating various inflammatory diseases, including allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Mi Hong
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungdeokgu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Shin NR, Shin IS, Song HH, Hong JM, Kwon OK, Jeon CM, Kim JH, Lee SW, Lee JK, Jin H, Li WY, Oh SR, Hahn KW, Ahn KS. Callicarpa japonica Thunb. reduces inflammatory responses: A mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 26:174-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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