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Le NTH, Foubert K, Theunis M, Naessens T, Bozdag M, Van Der Veken P, Pieters L, Tuenter E. UPLC-TQD-MS/MS Method Validation for Quality Control of Alkaloid Content in Lepidium meyenii (Maca)-Containing Food and Dietary Supplements. ACS Omega 2024; 9:15971-15981. [PMID: 38617670 PMCID: PMC11007719 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Lepidium meyenii Walp. (Brassicaceae), also known as Maca or Peruvian ginseng, is a common ingredient in food supplements with many claimed health benefits, such as improved endurance, increased energy level, and enhanced sexual properties. Due to potential toxicity of its chemicals, including alkaloids, some regulatory authorities, e.g., in Belgium, Germany, the United States, expressed concerns about the safe consumption of Maca root. However, due to the lack of commercial standards, no established analytical method currently exists for this purpose. The current project focuses on the quantitative determination of potentially toxic alkaloids from Maca. The current study presents the first analytical method for quality control of alkaloid content in Maca-containing food and dietary supplements, assessing the presence of 11 major compounds belonging to three different classes, i.e., imidazole, β-carboline, and pyrrole alkaloids. An accurate, rapid, and sensitive UPLC-TQD-MS/MS method is reported, which was fully validated according to the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) and SANTE/11312/2021 guidelines. To ensure the method's applicability and practicability in the absence of primary standards, validation of secondary standards (SSs) alongside primary standards (PSs) was also conducted for imidazole alkaloids. As a result, in Maca raw powder, total alkaloid content was found to vary from 418 to 554 ppm (mg/kg). Furthermore, all quantified imidazole alkaloids were ascertained to be the major alkaloids with the total content from 323 to 470 ppm in Maca raw powder, followed by the β-carboline and pyrrole alkaloids. It was also observed that the commercial preparation of finished products affects the total alkaloid content, evidenced by the large variation from 56 to 598 ppm. Ultimately, from a regulatory point of view, it seems advisible not to request the complete absence of the alkaloids but to impose a maximum level based on safety considerations. In addition to the analytical method, a low-cost, simple, and scalable synthetic scheme of macapyrrolins A, C, and G was reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Thao-Hien Le
- Natural
Products & Food Research and Analysis - Pharmaceutical Technology
(NatuRAPT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural
Products & Food Research and Analysis - Pharmaceutical Technology
(NatuRAPT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Natural
Products & Food Research and Analysis - Pharmaceutical Technology
(NatuRAPT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural
Products & Food Research and Analysis - Pharmaceutical Technology
(NatuRAPT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Murat Bozdag
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University
of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Der Veken
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University
of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural
Products & Food Research and Analysis - Pharmaceutical Technology
(NatuRAPT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Emmy Tuenter
- Natural
Products & Food Research and Analysis - Pharmaceutical Technology
(NatuRAPT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
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Weyns AS, Verlaet AA, Breynaert A, Naessens T, Fransen E, Verhelst H, Van West D, Van Ingelghem I, Jonckheere AI, Beysen D, Kenis S, Moens E, van Roest AP, Savelkoul HF, De Bruyne T, Pieters L, Ceulemans B, Hermans N. Clinical Investigation of French Maritime Pine Bark Extract on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as compared to Methylphenidate and Placebo: Part 1: Efficacy in a Randomised Trial. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Velichkova S, Theunis M, Naessens T, Pieters L, Foubert K. Development and validation of an HPLC-DAD method for Rapid quantification of vasicine in Adhatoda vasica leaves and commercial products. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10226. [PMID: 36090217 PMCID: PMC9449552 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves from Adhatoda vasica Nees, Acanthaceae (synonym Justicia adhatoda L.) have been widely used in traditional medicine for their beneficial effect in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Vasicine, the main quinazoline alkaloid in A. vasica, has been linked to its medicinal properties. The purpose of this work was to develop and validate a reliable analytical method for the quantification of vasicine in A. vasica leaves and commercially available products. For this purpose, a high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled to diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was used. After optimization of the extraction process and the HPLC conditions, linearity, precision, accuracy, and specificity were checked. During the validation, six commonly available food supplements and dosage forms were tested using the validated method. The calibration model was found to be linear in the concentration range of 5.125–205 μg/mL. The average vasicine content at different concentration levels was 0.99 g/100 g with an RSD% of 0.05%. The average recovery was found to be 102.3% with an RSD of 4.3%. Additionally, it was confirmed that the validated method was still precise and accurate for quantifying vasicine in other matrices like the tested preparations. In summary, the validated method was suitable for the determination of vasicine in leaves of Adhatoda vasica, as well as for investigating the quality and the prescribed intake of several commercial products.
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Dendooven E, Foubert K, Naessens T, Pieters L, Lambert J, Aerts O. Isocyanates may contribute to allergic contact dermatitis from diabetes devices and wound dressings. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 87:414-419. [PMID: 35815495 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isocyanates are well-known occupational allergens, but can also be present in medical devices. OBJECTIVES To highlight that contact sensitization to isocyanates might contribute to allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from polyurethane (PU)-containing diabetes devices and wound dressings. PATIENTS AND METHODS Nineteen patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from diabetes devices and/or wound dressings were patch tested to an isocyanate series. Four wound dressings, 6 diabetes devices and 4 monomeric isocyanate patch test preparations were analysed with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC/MS). RESULTS Eight patients reacted to isocyanates and corresponding amines: 3 to isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4 to 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA), 4 to 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and 1 to polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI). Three of 4 wound dressings contained isocyanates (MDI, TDI and/or IPDI), whereas 5 of 6 diabetes devices contained 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), and one of them also IPDI. None of the medical devices contained 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). Contrary to IPDI, and especially MDI, only the concentration of the TDI patch test preparation corresponded approximately (80%) to its label. CONCLUSION Patch tests with isocyanates may be worth-while in patients with suspected ACD from PU-containing medical devices. Besides MDA, and PMDI, also TDI might potentially be a marker for MDI-sensitization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Dendooven
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research group Immunology, INFLA-MED Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Julien Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research group Immunology, INFLA-MED Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research group Immunology, INFLA-MED Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Dendooven E, Foubert K, Naessens T, Pieters L, Lambert J, Goossens A, Aerts O. Allergic contact dermatitis from ("hypoallergenic") adhesives containing D-limonene. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:113-119. [PMID: 34786729 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides being a potential component of (some species of) colophonium, D-limonene is also used as a tackifier in the production of adhesives. Hydroperoxides of limonene are well-known skin sensitizers. OBJECTIVES To show that D-limonene may be present in colophonium-containing but also colophonium-free ("hypoallergenic") adhesives, and that patients suffering from allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from both types of adhesives might display positive patch test reactions to limonene hydroperoxides in this regard. METHODS Five patients with suspected ACD from adhesives were patch tested to the baseline series (containing limonene hydroperoxides 0.3 and 0.2% pet.), additional series and, if available, to the culprit adhesives. The adhesives labelled as containing colophonium (n = 3) or free from it (n = 2) were analysed with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the presence of D-limonene. RESULTS All five patients sensitised to adhesives had (strong) positive patch test reactions to limonene hydroperoxides. The presence of D-limonene, and/or related components, could be demonstrated in all three colophonium-containing and, surprisingly, also in two colophonium-free ("hypoallergenic") tapes. CONCLUSIONS D-limonene may be present in both regular and "hypoallergenic" adhesives, with limonene hydroperoxides potentially contributing to ACD from such medical devices. The use of fragrance chemicals in adhesives deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Dendooven
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research group Immunology, INFLA-MED Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Research Group Natural Products & Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Julien Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research group Immunology, INFLA-MED Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Goossens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research group Immunology, INFLA-MED Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Brits M, Naessens T, Theunis M, Taktak O, Allouche N, Pieters L, Foubert K. Identification and Quantification of Polymethoxylated Flavonoids in Different Citrus Species Using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and HPLC-DAD. Planta Med 2021; 87:1080-1088. [PMID: 34412145 DOI: 10.1055/a-1551-6337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many species from the genus Citrus are used in traditional medicine and contain polymethoxylated flavonoids. These compounds show anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive activities, among others, and therefore have a big potential to be developed as therapeutic agents or dietary supplements. Citrus species are different in their profile and yield of polymethoxylated flavonoids. Therefore, polymethoxylated flavonoids were identified and quantified in seven different Citrus species, including wild-type and commercially available species. All species were profiled using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis combined with mass spectral molecular networking. A total of 38 polymethoxylated flavonoids were detected and 8 of them were present in every species. As the yield of polymethoxylated flavonoids was different for each species, a generally applicable HPLC-diode array detection method was developed and validated according to the ICH guidelines to quantify the amount of nobiletin and the total amount of polymethoxylated flavonoids expressed as nobiletin. Analysis of the seven samples showed evidence that wild-type Citrus species (e.g., Citrus depressa) contain higher yields of polymethoxylated flavonoids compared to commercially available species (e.g., Citrus limon). Qualitative analysis revealed the broadest variety of different PMFs in C. depressa, Citrus reticulata, and Citrus reticulata × Citrus sinensis, which makes them interesting sources of polymethoxylated flavonoids for future development as therapeutic agents or dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Brits
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Olfa Taktak
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry (Natural Substances Team) LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Allouche
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry (Natural Substances Team) LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Foubert K, Dendooven E, Theunis M, Naessens T, Ivanova B, Pieters L, Gilissen L, Huygens S, De Borggraeve W, Lambert J, Goossens A, Aerts O. The presence of benzophenone in sunscreens and cosmetics containing the organic UV filter octocrylene: A laboratory study. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:69-77. [PMID: 33763894 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reason why patients photosensitized to the drug ketoprofen (KP) may develop severe photoallergic skin reactions to octocrylene (OCT), an organic ultraviolet filter in sunscreens and cosmetics, remains largely unknown. OCT can be synthesized by using unsubstituted benzophenone (BP), a possible human carcinogen. OBJECTIVES To verify if, and to what extent, BP residues are present in OCT-containing consumer products. METHODS The raw material of OCT and 39 skincare products, of which 28 contain OCT, were chemically analysed for the presence of BP by means of liquid chromatography. RESULTS In the OCT raw material and in all 28 OCT-containing products the presence of BP could be demonstrated, mostly in concentrations above 10 ppm (0.001%), whereas a majority of OCT-free products (8/11, 73%) did not contain BP. Moreover, BP concentrations significantly increased, in a time- and temperature-dependent manner, likely due to the additional degradation of OCT. CONCLUSIONS Photoallergic contact dermatitis from OCT in patients photosensitized to KP might rely on residual BP impurities. Toxicological and ecological studies that evaluate the safety of OCT might also need to consider the concomitant presence of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenn Foubert
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ella Dendooven
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Edegem, Belgium.,Research Group Immunology, Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Boryana Ivanova
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Gilissen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Huygens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Julien Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Edegem, Belgium.,Research Group Immunology, Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Goossens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Edegem, Belgium.,Research Group Immunology, Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Verheyen GR, Theunis M, Vreysen S, Naessens T, Noyens I, Ooms T, Goossens S, Pieters L, Foubert K, Miert SV. Glycine-acyl Surfactants Prepared from Black Soldier Fly Fat, Coconut Oil and Palm Kernel Oil. CGC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346107999200424084626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae are a new source of high-quality bio-based materials
that can be implemented for technical applications. Black soldier fly larvae can be bred in high
numbers in small areas and organic waste streams, making large scale industrial breeding possible.
Fats from the black soldier fly are very rich in lauric acid, and the fatty acid profile resembles that of
palm kernel and coconut oil. Therefore, black soldier fly fats could be envisaged to have similar applications
to these plant-derived oils.
:
The aims of this work were (1) to use black soldier fly fat, palm kernel and coconut oil to synthesize a
glycine-acyl surfactant by means of a Schotten-Baumann reaction; (2) to determine the yield and purity
of the reaction products; and (3) to determine solubility, foaming capacity, surface tension and critical
micelle concentration of the surfactants in comparison to a commercially-available glycinecoconut
oil surfactant, Amilite GCS-11®.
:
The aims of this work were (1) to use black soldier fly fat, palm kernel and coconut oil to synthesize a
glycine-acyl surfactant by means of a Schotten-Baumann reaction; (2) to determine the yield and purity
of the reaction products; and (3) to determine solubility, foaming capacity, surface tension and critical
micelle concentration of the surfactants in comparison to a commercially-available glycinecoconut
oil surfactant, Amilite GCS-11®.
:
It is concluded that black soldier fly fats are a suitable alternative to coconut or palm kernel oil for the
preparation of glycine-acyl surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert R. Verheyen
- RADIUS, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences - Campus Kempen, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Steven Vreysen
- RADIUS, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences - Campus Kempen, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Isabelle Noyens
- RADIUS, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences - Campus Kempen, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Tom Ooms
- RADIUS, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences - Campus Kempen, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Sarah Goossens
- RADIUS, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences - Campus Kempen, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Sabine Van Miert
- RADIUS, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences - Campus Kempen, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
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Zarev Y, Naessens T, Theunis M, Elgorashi E, Apers S, Ionkova I, Verschaeve L, Pieters L, Hermans N, Foubert K. In vitro antigenotoxic activity, in silico ADME prediction and protective effects against aflatoxin B 1 induced hepatotoxicity in rats of an Erythrina latissima stem bark extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:110768. [PMID: 31479712 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stem bark of Erythrina latissima E. Mey (Leguminosae) contains a wide range of prenylated flavonoids able to counteract the genotoxic properties of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Thus, the hypothesis was raised that E. latissima stem bark extracts (ELBE) may counteract the in vivo hepatotoxic effects of aflatoxins, contaminants in food and feed. An HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated to determine the level of flavonoid aglycones (11.82%) and glycosides (16.17%). ADME, pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness assessment of major flavonoids of ELBE, using the web tool SwissADME, showed good oral bioavailability. The protective effect of ELBE against AFB1 induced genotoxicity in the Vitotox assay after metabolic activation was confirmed (IC50 of 44.32 μg/ml), followed by evaluation of its inhibitory effect on hepatotoxicity in rats induced by the same agent. Male Wistar rats were orally treated with ELBE (20 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) or curcumin (500 mg/kg) combined with piperine (20 mg/kg) - positive control, for 8 days prior to AFB1 exposure (1 mg/kg). The ELBE group showed a decreased activity of ALP and γ-GT compared to the AFB1 group. Histopathological examination of the liver demonstrated ameliorative effects of ELBE. Thus, ELBE could have a protective effect against hepatotoxins such as AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancho Zarev
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, Str. Dunav 2, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Esameldin Elgorashi
- Toxicology and Ethnoveterinary Medicine, Food, Feed and Veterinary Public Health, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Sandra Apers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Iliana Ionkova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, Str. Dunav 2, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luc Verschaeve
- Risk Assessment, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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Dendooven E, Foubert K, Naessens T, Pieters L, Lambert J, Aerts O. Periocular contact allergy from spectacle frames cleaned with methylisothiazolinone-containing household detergents. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e412-e413. [PMID: 31148239 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Dendooven
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - K Foubert
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - T Naessens
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - L Pieters
- Research Group Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - J Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - O Aerts
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
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11
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Rivera-Mondragón A, Broeckx G, Bijttebier S, Naessens T, Fransen E, Kiekens F, Caballero-George C, Vander Heyden Y, Apers S, Pieters L, Foubert K. Ultrasound-assisted extraction optimization and validation of an HPLC-DAD method for the quantification of polyphenols in leaf extracts of Cecropia species. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2028. [PMID: 30765714 PMCID: PMC6375923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cecropia species are traditionally used in Latin American folk medicine and are available as food supplements with little information warranting their quality. The optimum conditions for the extraction of chlorogenic acid (CA), total flavonoids (TF) and flavonolignans (FL) from leaves of Cecropia species were determined using a fractional factorial design (FFD) and a central composite design (CCD). A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was validated for the quantification of CA, TF and FL, following the ICH guidelines. Quantitative and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was also performed. The extraction-optimization methodology enabled us developing an appropriate extraction process with a time-efficient execution of experiments. The experimental values agreed with those predicted, thus indicating suitability of the proposed model. The validation parameters for all chemical markers of the quantification method were satisfactory. The results revealed that the method had excellent selectivity, linearity, precision (repeatability and intermediate precision were below than 2 and 5%, respectively) and accuracy (98–102%). The limits of detection and quantification were at nanogram per milliliter (ng/mL) level. In conclusion, the simultaneous quantification of chemical markers using the proposed method is an appropriate approach for species discrimination and quality evaluation of Cecropia sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Rivera-Mondragón
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Géraldine Broeckx
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Bijttebier
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- StatUa Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp, Prinsstraat 13, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Filip Kiekens
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Catherina Caballero-George
- Centre of Innovation and Technology Transfer, Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services (INDICASAT-AIP), Building 208, City of Knowledge, Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Apers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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12
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Verlaet A, van der Bolt N, Meijer B, Breynaert A, Naessens T, Konstanti P, Smidt H, Hermans N, Savelkoul HFJ, Teodorowicz M. Toll-Like Receptor-Dependent Immunomodulatory Activity of Pycnogenol ®. Nutrients 2019; 11:E214. [PMID: 30678156 PMCID: PMC6412808 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pycnogenol® (PYC), an extract of French maritime pine bark, is widely used as a dietary supplement. PYC has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory actions via inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. However, the role of the other receptors from the TLR family in the immunomodulatory activity of PYC has not been described so far. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate whether PYC might exert its immunomodulatory properties through cell membrane TLRs (TLR1/2, TLR5, and TLR2/6) other than TLR4. Moreover, the effect of gastrointestinal metabolism on the immunomodulatory effects of PYC was investigated. FINDINGS We showed that intact non-metabolized PYC dose-dependently acts as an agonist of TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 and as a partial agonist of TLR5. PYC on its own does not agonize or antagonize TLR4. However, after the formation of complexes with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), it is a potent activator of TLR4 signaling. Gastrointestinal metabolism of PYC revealed the immunosuppressive potential of the retentate fraction against TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 when compared to the control fraction containing microbiota and enzymes only. The dialyzed fraction containing PYC metabolites revealed the capacity to induce anti-inflammatory IL-10 secretion. Finally, microbially metabolized PYC affected the colonic microbiota composition during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that gastrointestinal metabolism of PYC reveals its biological activity as a potential inhibitor of TLRs signaling. The results suggest that metabolized PYC acts as a partial agonist of TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 in the presence of the microbiota-derived TLR agonists (retentate fraction) and that it possesses anti-inflammatory potential reflected by the induction of IL-10 from THP-1 macrophages (dialysate fraction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Verlaet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Nieke van der Bolt
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ben Meijer
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Annelies Breynaert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Tania Naessens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Prokopis Konstanti
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University& Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University& Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Huub F J Savelkoul
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Malgorzata Teodorowicz
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Kerre S, Strobbe T, Naessens T, Theunis M, Foubert K, Aerts O. Alkyl glucosides: Newly identified allergens in foam wound dressings. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 79:191-193. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tine Strobbe
- Imelda ziekenhuis, Department Dermatology; Bonheiden Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Research Group Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Antwerp (UA); Antwerp Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Research Group Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Antwerp (UA); Antwerp Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Research Group Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Antwerp (UA); Antwerp Belgium
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA); Antwerp Belgium
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14
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Kerre S, Naessens T, Theunis M, Foubert K, Goossens A, Aerts O. Facial dermatitis caused by undeclared methylisothiazolinone in a gel mask: is the preservation of raw materials in cosmetics a cause of concern? Contact Dermatitis 2018; 78:421-424. [PMID: 29479709 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural Products and Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Natural Products and Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products and Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Goossens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA), 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
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15
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van Dooren I, Foubert K, Theunis M, Naessens T, Pieters L, Apers S. Advantages of a validated UPLC–MS/MS standard addition method for the quantification of A-type dimeric and trimeric proanthocyanidins in cranberry extracts in comparison with well-known quantification methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 148:32-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Zarev Y, Foubert K, Naessens T, Ionkova I, Elgorashi E, Verschaeve L, Pieters L, Apers S. Quantification of antigenotoxic flavonoids in the stem bark of Erythrina latissima by an HPLC-UV method. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Zarev
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - K Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - T Naessens
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - I Ionkova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - E Elgorashi
- Toxicology and Ethnoveterinary Medicine; Food, Feed and Veterinary Public Health, ARC-Ondertsepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - L Verschaeve
- Toxicology, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - S Apers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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17
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Raison-Peyron N, Amsler E, Pecquet C, Du-Thanh A, Naessens T, Apers S, Aerts O. Severe allergic contact dermatitis caused by octylisothiazolinone in a leather sofa: two new cases. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:176-178. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Raison-Peyron
- Department of Dermatology; Hôpital Saint-Eloi, CHU de Montpellier; 34295 Montpellier France
| | - Emmanuelle Amsler
- Dermatology and Allergology Department; Tenon Hospital (AP-HP), Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06; 75020 Paris France
| | - Catherine Pecquet
- Dermatology and Allergology Department; Tenon Hospital (AP-HP), Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University Paris 06; 75020 Paris France
| | - Aurélie Du-Thanh
- Department of Dermatology; Hôpital Saint-Eloi, CHU de Montpellier; 34295 Montpellier France
| | - Tania Naessens
- Research Group Natural Products and Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Antwerp (UA); 2610 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Sandra Apers
- Research Group Natural Products and Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Antwerp (UA); 2610 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA); 2650 Antwerp Belgium
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18
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Rica CI, Naessens T, Pieters L, Apers S. An HPLC Method for the Quantification of Colchicine and Colchicine Derivatives in Gloriosa superba seeds. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An 80% ethanolic extract of Gloriosa superba L. seeds (glory lily, Colchicaceae), as well as a colchicine-poor/colchicoside-rich extract, were shown to exhibit antitumor activity in a murine model for pancreatic cancer. Phytochemical investigations of the 80% ethanolic extract led to the identification of colchicine, 3- O-demethylcolchicine, and colchicoside. The objective of this work was to develop and validate a high performance liquid chromatographic analytical method according to the ICH guidelines for the quantification of these constituents. The calibration model appeared to be linear, ranging from 2.1 μg/mL to 41.9 μg/mL. The method was shown to be precise with respect to time (RSD% of 3.1% for colchicine, 2.9% for 3- O-demethylcolchicine, and 4.7% for colchicoside, 3 days, n = 6) and with respect to the concentration (RSD% of 2.9% for colchicine, 3.0% for 3- O-demethylcolchicine and 4.1% for colchicoside, 3 levels, n = 6). The recovery of colchicine resulted in a mean recovery of 100.02% with a RSD% of 2.1%. The correction factors for colchicoside and 3- O-demethylcolchicine were determined as 1.94 and 1.20, respectively. The total amount of colchicine and colchicine derivatives found in the crude extract of G. superba was 4.6% (m/m) expressed as colchicine and the overall mean of colchicine found in the crude extract was 2.8% (m/m). By using the correction factors, the other constituents of the crude extract could also be quantified, and it was found to contain 1.5% (m/m) colchicoside and 1.3% (m/m) 3- O-demethylcolchicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capistrano I. Rica
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sandra Apers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium
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19
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Aerts O, Naessens T, Dandelooy J, Leysen J, Lambert J, Apers S. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by wet wipes containing steareth-10: Is stearyl alcohol to blame? Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:117-119. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Aerts
- Contact Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA); 2650 Edegem Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tania Naessens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research group Natural Products and Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA); University of Antwerp (UA); 2610 Wilrijk Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Julie Dandelooy
- Contact Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA); 2650 Edegem Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Julie Leysen
- Contact Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA); 2650 Edegem Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Julien Lambert
- Contact Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA); 2650 Edegem Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sandra Apers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research group Natural Products and Food - Research and Analysis (NatuRA); University of Antwerp (UA); 2610 Wilrijk Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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Dejager L, Dendoncker K, Eggermont M, Souffriau J, Van Hauwermeiren F, Willart M, Van Wonterghem E, Naessens T, Ballegeer M, Vandevyver S, Hammad H, Lambrecht B, De Bosscher K, Grooten J, Libert C. Neutralizing TNFα restores glucocorticoid sensitivity in a mouse model of neutrophilic airway inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2015; 8:1212-25. [PMID: 25760421 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder, evidenced by distinct types of inflammation resulting in different responsiveness to therapy with glucocorticoids (GCs). Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is involved in asthma pathogenesis, but anti-TNFα therapies have not proven broadly effective. The effects of anti-TNFα treatment on steroid resistance have never been assessed. We investigated the role of TNFα blockade using etanercept in the responsiveness to GCs in two ovalbumin-based mouse models of airway hyperinflammation. The first model is GC sensitive and T helper type 2 (Th2)/eosinophil driven, whereas the second reflects GC-insensitive, Th1/neutrophil-predominant asthma subphenotypes. We found that TNFα blockade restores the therapeutic effects of GCs in the GC-insensitive model. An adoptive transfer indicated that the TNFα-induced GC insensitivity occurs in the non-myeloid compartment. Early during airway hyperinflammation, mice are GC insensitive specifically at the level of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (Tslp) transcriptional repression, and this insensitivity is reverted when TNFα is neutralized. Interestingly, TSLP knockout mice displayed increased inflammation in the GC-insensitive model, suggesting a limited therapeutic application of TSLP-neutralizing antibodies in subsets of patients suffering from Th2-mediated asthma. In conclusion, we demonstrate that TNFα reduces the responsiveness to GCs in a mouse model of neutrophilic airway inflammation. Thus antagonizing TNFα may offer a new strategy for therapeutic intervention in GC-resistant asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dejager
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Dendoncker
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Eggermont
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Souffriau
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Van Hauwermeiren
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Willart
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Van Wonterghem
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Naessens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Ballegeer
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Vandevyver
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - H Hammad
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Lambrecht
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K De Bosscher
- Cytokine Receptor Laboratory, Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Cytokine Receptor Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Grooten
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - C Libert
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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21
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Dhooghe L, Naessens T, Heyerick A, De Keukeleire D, Vlietinck AJ, Pieters L, Apers S. Quantification of xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, 8-prenylnaringenin, and 6-prenylnaringenin in hop extracts and derived capsules using secondary standards. Talanta 2010; 83:448-56. [PMID: 21111159 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hop is a well-known and already frequently used estrogenic phytotherapeutic, containing the interesting prenylflavonoids, xanthohumol (XN), isoxanthohumol (IXN), 8- and 6-prenylnaringenin (8-PN and 6-PN). Since the use of secondary standards can form a solution whenever the determination is required of certain components, not commercially available or too expensive, it was decided to develop an accessible HPLC-DAD method for the determination of these prenylflavonoids. The amounts were determined in hop extract and capsules, using quercetin and naringenin as secondary standards. After optimization of the sample preparation and HPLC conditions, the analysis was validated according to the ICH guidelines. The response function of XN, 8-PN, quercetin and naringenin showed a linear relationship. For the determination of XN, a calibration line of at least three concentrations of quercetin has to be constructed. The correction factors for XN (quercetin) and for 8-PN (naringenin) were validated and determined to be 0.583 for XN, and 1.296 for IXN, 8-PN and 6-PN. The intermediate precision was investigated and it could be concluded that the standard deviation of the method was equal considering time and concentration (RSD of 2.5-5%). By means of a recovery experiment, it was proven that the method is accurate (recoveries of 96.1-100.1%). Additionally, by analysing preparations containing hop extracts on the Belgian market, it was shown that the method is suitable for its use, namely the determination of XN, IXN, 8-PN and 6-PN in hop extract and capsules, using quercetin and naringenin as secondary standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liene Dhooghe
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
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22
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Apers S, Naessens T, Pieters L, Vlietinck A. Densitometric thin-layer chromatographic determination of aescin in a herbal medicinal product containing Aesculus and Vitis dry extracts. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1112:165-70. [PMID: 16364347 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2005] [Revised: 09/20/2005] [Accepted: 10/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method is developed to analyze the total saponin content, also referred to as the aescin content, in a herbal medicinal product (HMP) containing two dry extracts in capsules. The capsules contain 250 mg of Aesculus hippocastanum dry extract, 120 mg of Vitis vinifera dry extract and 50mg of excipients. After a purification step using C(18) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges, the samples are analyzed on a silica-gel HPTLC plate with the upper layer of a mixture of acetic acid/water/butanol (10/40/50 v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Spots are visualized by spraying with anisaldehyde reagent and heating the plate for 5-10 min (100-105 degrees C) and measured at a wavelength of 535 nm. This method, applicable for the quality control and stability investigation of both the Aesculus dry extract and HMP capsules thereof containing Vitis dry extract in combination with the Aesculus dry extract, is validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The proposed assay method is specific for aescin in the presence of Vitis dry extract and formulation excipients. Analysis of stressed samples in forced degradation tests proves the method to be applicable for stability evaluation. The standard aescin curve is linear (r > 0.99) over a concentration range of 0.16-0.80 microg/spot. Recovery from the HMP capsules is statistically equal to 100%. The precision of the method with respect to time and concentration is acceptable, with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 1.28 and 1.49%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Apers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Abstract
An HPLC method based on several known methods for the determination of eleutherosides B and E was developed, optimised and validated in terms of linearity, precision (repeatability and intermediate precision on different days and at different concentration levels) and accuracy (recovery). The extraction procedure, the extraction solvent and the extraction yield were evaluated and optimised. A reversed-phase RP-18 column gradient eluted with a two-phase system consisting of phosphoric acid:water (0.5:99.5) and acetonitrile was used to evaluate the samples; detection was at 220 nm. Although eleutherosides B and E are commercially available, they are very costly, and therefore ferulic acid was chosen as external standard. The correction factors for the response of ferulic acid against both eleutherosides were determined and validated. This method, accepted by the European Pharmacopoeia Commission, will be included in the monograph on Eleutherococcus senticosus roots to assay the content of eleutherosides B and E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Apers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Apers S, Naessens T, Van Den Steen K, Cuyckens F, Claeys M, Pieters L, Vlietinck A. Fast high-performance liquid chromatography method for quality control of soy extracts. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1038:107-12. [PMID: 15233526 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Soy extracts contain a mixture of isoflavones belonging to the group of phytoestrogens. In the quality control of soy the amount of isoflavones, both aglycones and glycosides, is usually determined by means of reversed-phase HPLC-UV. On conventional C18-material columns, long analysis times are required in order to separate this complex mixture. In order to speed up analysis, the separation was optimized using two linked monolithic silica-based reversed-phase C18 columns. A spectacular decrease of the analysis time, i.e. almost three-fold, was achieved by applying a flow rate of 3-4 ml/min without loosing any separation efficiency. This analysis method for determination of isoflavones in soy extracts in less than 25 min was fully validated according to the ICH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Apers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Corthout J, Naessens T, Apers S, Vlietinck AJ. Quantitative determination of ginsenosides from Panax ginseng roots and ginseng preparations by thin layer chromatography--densitometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 21:187-92. [PMID: 10701926 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Corthout
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
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