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Chandra Shill M, El-Nashar HAS, Prova Mollick P, Nath Acharyya R, Afrin S, Hossain H, Halder S, Torequl Islam M, Bhuia MS, Reza HM, El-Shazly M, Mubarak MS. Longevity Spinach (Gynura procumbens) Ameliorated Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators in Cisplatin-Induced Organ Dysfunction in Rats: Comprehensive in vivo and in silico Studies. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301719. [PMID: 38361048 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
This study focused to assess the efficacy of Gynura procumbens (GP) leaf extract against cisplatin (CP)-induced hepatorenal complications in Wister albino rats. Additionally, it aims to detect polyphenolic compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD). The rats were treated intraperitoneally with CP (7.5 mg/kg) to mediate hepatorenal damage. They were then treated with GP extract (75 and 150 mg/kg, P.O.) for 7 consecutive days. Although GP extract significantly ameliorated CP-mediated hepatorenal biomarkers like alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in a dose-dependent manner, GP extract at 150 mg/kg dose normalized hepatorenal biomarkers ALP (45.11 U/L), ALT (34 U/L), AST (29 U/L), creatinine (10.3 mg/dl) and BUN (11.19 mg/dl) while comparing to control and disease group. Similarly, though it significantly reduced CP-induced oxidative stress inducers, including nitric oxide (NO) and advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP), higher dose (150 mg/kg) exhibited better activity in reducing NO (281.54 mmol/gm tissue in liver and 52.73 mmol/gm tissue in the kidney) and AOPP (770.95 mmol/mg protein in liver and 651.90 mmol/mg protein in the kidney). Besides, it showed better enhancement in the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, and glutathione levels at a higher dose (150 mg/kg). Histopathological studies showed that CP caused collagen accumulation in the liver and kidney tissues. GP extract drained the collagen mass and acted against hepatorenal damage. Ellagic acid, gallic acid, quercetin hydrate, kaempferol, and rutin hydrate were revealed in GP extract. In-silico modelling showed good docking scores of the polyphenolic compounds with molecular targets including CYP4502E1, NF-κB, caspase-3, and TNF-α. GP could be an effective therapeutic option for management of anticancer drugs' complications like CP-induced organ damage, although clinical studies are required to establish herbal formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Chandra Shill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Silvia Afrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Hemayet Hossain
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Shimul Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Dhaka University, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Bioluster Research Center, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shimul Bhuia
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Bioluster Research Center, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhang L, Miao M, Xu X, Bai M, Wu M, Zhang A. From Physiology to Pathology: The Role of Mitochondria in Acute Kidney Injuries and Chronic Kidney Diseases. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 9:342-357. [PMID: 37901706 PMCID: PMC10601966 DOI: 10.1159/000530485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Renal diseases remain an increasing public health issue affecting millions of people. The kidney is a highly energetic organ that is rich in mitochondria. Numerous studies have demonstrated the important role of mitochondria in maintaining normal kidney function and in the pathogenesis of various renal diseases, including acute kidney injuries (AKIs) and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Summary Under physiological conditions, fine-tuning mitochondrial energy balance, mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion processes), mitophagy, and biogenesis maintain mitochondrial fitness. While under AKI and CKD conditions, disruption of mitochondrial energy metabolism leads to increased oxidative stress. In addition, mitochondrial dynamics shift to excessive mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial autophagy is impaired, and mitochondrial biogenesis is also compromised. These mitochondrial injuries regulate renal cellular functions either directly or indirectly. Mitochondria-targeted approaches, containing genetic (microRNAs) and pharmaceutical methods (mitochondria-targeting antioxidants, mitochondrial permeability pore inhibitors, mitochondrial fission inhibitors, and biogenesis activators), are emerging as important therapeutic strategies for AKIs and CKDs. Key Messages Mitochondria play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AKIs and CKDs. This review provides an updated overview of mitochondrial homeostasis under physiological conditions and the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in renal diseases. Finally, we summarize the current status of mitochondria-targeted strategies in attenuating renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingge Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Miao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Hou D, Shang S, LV J, Wang S. Tripterygium Wilfordii Polyglycosides (TP) Ameliorate Alcoholic Kidney Injury in Rats by Regulating Protein Expression Associated with the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Signaling Pathway. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the mechanisms of protection of tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosides (TP) against alcoholic kidney injury by regulating Nrf2 signaling pathway in rats. Materials and Methods: Dividing rats into Control, Model, LD, MD and HD groups. The kidney was
weighed to calculate kidney index. The morphology of the kidney was observed by HE staining. Nrf2, p-Nrf2 and HO-1 in kidney were detected by immunohistochemistry. Measuring Scr by Jaffe’s method and BUN by diacetyl-oxime method. The renal SOD and MDA were detected by colorimetry. The
renal ROS was detected by fluorescence spectrometry. Results: Compared with Control, histopathological changes were observed in Model group, The kidney index, Scr, BUN, renal MDA and ROS concentrations increased significantly (P <0.001). Renal SOD activity, expression of p-Nrf2
and HO-1, p-Nrf2/Nrf2 decreased significantly (P < 0.001). With TP supplement, compared with Model, histopathological was improved, The kidney index, Scr, BUN, renal MDA and ROS concentrations decreased significantly (P <0.05, respectively); Renal SOD activity, p-Nrf2 and
HO-1, p-Nrf2/Nrf2 increased significantly (P <0.05, respectively) in TP treated groups (LD, MD and HD). Conclusion: TP can prevent or reduce oxidative stress and attenuate alcoholic kidney injury via regulating Nrf2 signaling pathway in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Hou
- Shuangqiao Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100024, China
| | - Sainan Shang
- Shuangqiao Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100024, China
| | - Juan LV
- Shuangqiao Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100024, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- Shuangqiao Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100024, China
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Aomatsu A, Kaneko S, Yanai K, Ishii H, Ito K, Hirai K, Ookawara S, Kobayashi Y, Sanui M, Morishita Y. MicroRNA expression profiling in acute kidney injury. Transl Res 2022; 244:1-31. [PMID: 34871811 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs that regulate AKI and develop their applications as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents. First, kidney tissues from two different AKI mouse models, namely, AKI induced by the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causing sepsis (LPS-AKI mice) and AKI induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI-AKI mice), were exhaustively screened for their changes of miRNA expression compared with that of control mice by microarray analysis followed by quantitative RT-PCR. The initial profiling newly identified miRNA-5100, whose expression levels significantly decreased in kidneys in both LPS-AKI mice and IRI-AKI mice. Next, the administration of miRNA-5100-mimic conjugated with a nonviral vector, polyethylenimine nanoparticles (PEI-NPs), via the tail vein significantly induced miRNA-5100 overexpression in the kidney and prevented the development of IRI-AKI mice by inhibiting several apoptosis pathways in vivo. Furthermore, serum levels of miRNA-5100 in patients with AKI were identified as significantly lower than those of healthy subjects. ROC analysis showed that the serum expression level of miRNA-5100 can identify AKI (cut-off value 0.14, AUC 0.96, sensitivity 1.00, specificity 0.833, p<0.05). These results suggest that miRNA-5100 regulates AKI and may be useful as a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Aomatsu
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Division of Intensive Care Unit, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shohei Kaneko
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanai
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishii
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Ito
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keiji Hirai
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Susumu Ookawara
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuma Kobayashi
- Department of Anesthesia, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Sanui
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Morishita
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
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Sha JY, Li JH, Zhou YD, Yang JY, Liu W, Jiang S, Wang YP, Zhang R, Di P, Li W. The p53/p21/p16 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways are involved in the ameliorative effects of maltol on D-galactose-induced liver and kidney aging and injury. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4411-4424. [PMID: 34028092 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Successive evidence has established that maltol, a flavor-enhancing agent, could provide resistance to oxidative stress-induced tissue injury in various animal models though its benefits for aging-induced liver and kidney injuries are still undetermined. In the present work, for demonstrating maltol's ameliorative effect and probable mechanism against aging-induced liver and kidney injuries, D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced animal in vivo and HEK293 cells in vitro models were established and results demonstrated that long-term D-Gal treatment increases the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in liver and kidney tissues, mitigates cell viability, and arrests the cycle. Interestingly, 4-weeks maltol treatment at 50 and 100 mg/kg activated aging-associated proteins including p53, p21, and p16 followed by inhibiting malondialdehyde (MDA)'s over-production and increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, decreases in cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1) and 4-hydroxydecene (4-HNE)'s immunofluorescence expression levels are confirmed. Furthermore, maltol improved oxidative stress injury by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. In conclusion, the purpose of the present study was to estimate the mechanistic insights into maltol's role as an antioxidant in liver and kidney cell senescence and injury, which will reflect potential of therapeutic strategy for antiaging and aging-related disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yue Sha
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian-Hao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Plant Chemistry Laboratory, Chinese Institute of Jilin Ginseng, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Di
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
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Guo H, Deng N, Dou L, Ding H, Criswell T, Atala A, Furdui CM, Zhang Y. 3-D Human Renal Tubular Organoids Generated from Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Nephrotoxicity Screening. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6701-6709. [PMID: 33320634 PMCID: PMC8118570 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of human cell-based systems to replace the use of rodents or the two-dimensional culture of cells for studying nephrotoxicity is urgently needed. Human urine-derived stem cells were differentiated into renal tubular epithelial cells in three-dimensional (3-D) culture after being induced by a kidney extracellular matrix. Levels of CYP2E1 and KIM-1 in 3-D organoids were significantly increased in response to acetone and cisplatin. This 3-D culture system provides an alternative tool for nephrotoxicity screening and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Guo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States.,Reproductive Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Nan Deng
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States.,Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, China
| | - Lei Dou
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Huifen Ding
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Tracy Criswell
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
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7
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Biological and Functional Biomarkers of Aging: Definition, Characteristics, and How They Can Impact Everyday Cancer Treatment. Curr Oncol Rep 2020; 22:115. [PMID: 32827112 PMCID: PMC7442549 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-020-00977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Recognize which are the elements that predict why a person is aging faster or slower and which intervention we can arrange to slow down the process, which permits to prevent or delay the progression of multimorbidity and disability. Recent Findings Aging is a complex process that leads to changes in all the systems of the body and all the functions of the person; however, aging develops at different rates in different people, and chronological age is not always consistent with biological age. Summary Gerontologists are focused not only on finding the best theory able to explain aging but also on identifying one or more markers, which are able to describe aging processes. These biomarkers are necessary to better define the aging-related pathologies, manage multimorbidity, and improve the quality of life. The aim of this paper is to review the most recent evidence on aging biomarkers and the clusters related to them for personalization of treatments.
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El-Horany HES, Gaballah HH, Helal DS. Berberine ameliorates renal injury in a rat model of D-galactose-induced aging through a PTEN/Akt-dependent mechanism. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:157-165. [PMID: 30145915 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1499117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of berberine (BBR) against D-galactose (D-gal)-induced renal aging in rats, pointing to its ability to modulate phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN)/Akt signalling, and to attenuate oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Renal aging was induced by subcutaneous injection of D-gal for six consecutive weeks along with simultaneous oral administration of BBR and compared to control rats and rats received individual doses of either drug. BBR treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of urea and creatinine, retrieved the alterations in kidney histopathology, and restored redox balance evidenced by alleviations of the level of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and activating heme oxygenase-1 enzyme. Moreover, it markedly reduced the serum levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, along with down-regulation of PTEN expression, enhanced Akt activity, as well as significantly higher immunostaining of the anti-apoptotic marker (Bcl-2). These findings hold a great promise for the use of BBR as a protecting agent against renal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Duaa Samir Helal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histopathology,Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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9
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Valodara AM, SR KJ. Sexual Dimorphism in Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:1154-1166. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666191021094906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:Sex and gender-based differences are observed well beyond the sex organs and affect several physiological and biochemical processes involved in the metabolism of drug molecules. It is essential to understand not only the sex and gender-based differences in the metabolism of the drug but also the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of drug metabolism for avoiding sex-related adverse effects of drugs in the human.Method:The articles on the sex and gender-based differences in the metabolism of drug molecules were retrieved from the Pub Med database. The articles were classified into the metabolism of the drug molecule, gene expression regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes, the effect of sex hormones on the metabolism of drug, expression of drugmetabolizing enzymes, etc.Result:Several drug molecules are known, which are metabolized differently in males and females. These differences in metabolism may be due to the genomic and non-genomic action of sex hormones. Several other drug molecules still require further evaluation at the molecular level regarding the sex and gender-based differences in their metabolism. Attention is also required at the effect of signaling cascades associated with the metabolism of drug molecules.Conclusion:Sex and gender-based differences in the metabolism of drugs exist at various levels and it may be due to the genomic and non-genomic action of sex hormones. Detailed understanding of the effect of sex and related condition on the metabolism of drug molecules will help clinicians to determine the effective therapeutic doses of drugs dependingon the condition of patient and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Askhi M. Valodara
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Kaid Johar SR
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
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10
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Wu T, Shen M, Liu S, Yu Q, Chen Y, Xie J. Ameliorative effect of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides against carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress in liver and kidney of mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:111014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Song BJ, Abdelmegeed MA, Cho YE, Akbar M, Rhim JS, Song MK, Hardwick JP. Contributing Roles of CYP2E1 and Other Cytochrome P450 Isoforms in Alcohol-Related Tissue Injury and Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1164:73-87. [PMID: 31576541 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the roles of alcohol (ethanol) and related compounds in promoting cancer and inflammatory injury in many tissues. Long-term chronic heavy alcohol exposure is known to increase the chances of inflammation, oxidative DNA damage, and cancer development in many organs. The rates of alcohol-mediated organ damage and cancer risks are significantly elevated in the presence of co-morbidity factors such as poor nutrition, unhealthy diets, smoking, infection with bacteria or viruses, and exposure to pro-carcinogens. Chronic ingestion of alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde may initiate and/or promote the development of cancer in the liver, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, prostate, and female breast. In this chapter, we summarize the important roles of ethanol/acetaldehyde in promoting inflammatory injury and carcinogenesis in several tissues. We also review the updated roles of the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) and other cytochrome P450 isozymes in the metabolism of various potentially toxic substrates, and consequent toxicities, including carcinogenesis in different tissues. We also briefly describe the potential implications of endogenous ethanol produced by gut bacteria, as frequently observed in the experimental models and patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in promoting DNA mutation and cancer development in the liver and other tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Mohamed A Abdelmegeed
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johng S Rhim
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Min-Kyung Song
- Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology in the Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
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Teschke R. Alcoholic Liver Disease: Alcohol Metabolism, Cascade of Molecular Mechanisms, Cellular Targets, and Clinical Aspects. Biomedicines 2018; 6:E106. [PMID: 30424581 PMCID: PMC6316574 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is the result of cascade events, which clinically first lead to alcoholic fatty liver, and then mostly via alcoholic steatohepatitis or alcoholic hepatitis potentially to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathogenetic events are linked to the metabolism of ethanol and acetaldehyde as its first oxidation product generated via hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS), which depends on cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP 2E1), and is inducible by chronic alcohol use. MEOS induction accelerates the metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde that facilitates organ injury including the liver, and it produces via CYP 2E1 many reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as ethoxy radical, hydroxyethyl radical, acetyl radical, singlet radical, superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, alkoxyl radical, and peroxyl radical. These attack hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, stellate cells, and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and their signaling mediators such as interleukins, interferons, and growth factors, help to initiate liver injury including fibrosis and cirrhosis in susceptible individuals with specific risk factors. Through CYP 2E1-dependent ROS, more evidence is emerging that alcohol generates lipid peroxides and modifies the intestinal microbiome, thereby stimulating actions of endotoxins produced by intestinal bacteria; lipid peroxides and endotoxins are potential causes that are involved in alcoholic liver injury. Alcohol modifies SIRT1 (Sirtuin-1; derived from Silent mating type Information Regulation) and SIRT2, and most importantly, the innate and adapted immune systems, which may explain the individual differences of injury susceptibility. Metabolic pathways are also influenced by circadian rhythms, specific conditions known from living organisms including plants. Open for discussion is a 5-hit working hypothesis, attempting to define key elements involved in injury progression. In essence, although abundant biochemical mechanisms are proposed for the initiation and perpetuation of liver injury, patients with an alcohol problem benefit from permanent alcohol abstinence alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Teschke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, Leimenstrasse 20, D-63450 Hanau, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Xu M, Tang H, Zhou X, Chen H, Dong Q, Zhang Y, Ye G, Shi F, Lv C, Jing B, He C, Zhao L, Li Y. Effects and mechanisms of sub-chronic exposure to copper nanoparticles on renal cytochrome P450 enzymes in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 63:135-146. [PMID: 30100346 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) have widespread application because of their special physicochemical characteristics, however we need to more clearly study the toxicity mechanism of Cu NPs to ensure its safe use in pharmaceutical and animal feed. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of sub-chronic exposure to Cu NPs on renal CYP450 s of rats. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cu NPs on renal oxidative stress, cytokines and histopathology of rats. We found that Cu NPs (200 mg/kg) significantly disordered the function and structure of the kidney and caused a dose-dependent increase in oxidative stress and cytokines, which significantly decreased the levels of mRNA, protein, and activity of CYP450 s. Micro-coppers (Cu MPs) and Cu ions have similar effects, but their effects on CYP450 s were weaker than Cu NPs. The expression of nuclear receptors were inhibited and the expression of Akt, STAT3/5, CREB, p70S6K, NF-κB, P38 and ERK1/2 were activated when the inhibition effects of CYP450 s activity were observed in renal of rats. Therefore, we believe that Cu NPs can activate the STAT, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways to down-regulate the expression and activity of CYP450 s by inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response in rat kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - XueRong Zhou
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Helin Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuanli Zhang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Gang Ye
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changliang He
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yinglun Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Cho YE, Song BJ. Pomegranate prevents binge alcohol-induced gut leakiness and hepatic inflammation by suppressing oxidative and nitrative stress. Redox Biol 2018; 18:266-278. [PMID: 30071471 PMCID: PMC6080577 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major chronic liver disease worldwide and can range from simple steatosis, inflammation to fibrosis/cirrhosis possibly through leaky gut and systemic endotoxemia. We investigated whether pomegranate (POM) protects against binge alcohol-induced gut leakiness, endotoxemia, and inflammatory liver damage. After POM pretreatment for 10 days, rats were exposed to 3 oral doses of binge alcohol (5 g/kg/dose) or dextrose (as control) at 12-h intervals. Binge alcohol exposure induced leaky gut with significantly elevated plasma endotoxin and inflammatory fatty liver by increasing the levels of oxidative and nitrative stress marker proteins such as ethanol-inducible CYP2E1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nitrated proteins in the small intestine and liver. POM pretreatment significantly reduced the alcohol-induced gut barrier dysfunction, plasma endotoxin and inflammatory liver disease by inhibiting the elevated oxidative and nitrative stress marker proteins. POM pretreatment significantly restored the levels of intestinal tight junction (TJ) proteins such as ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, and claundin-3 markedly diminished after alcohol-exposure. In addition, the levels of gut adherent junction (AJ) proteins (e.g., β-catenin and E-cadherin) and desmosome plakoglobin along with associated protein α-tubulin were clearly decreased in binge alcohol-exposed rats but restored to basal levels in POM-pretreated rats. Immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblot analyses revealed that intestinal claudin-1 protein was nitrated and ubiquitinated in alcohol-exposed rats, whereas these modifications were significantly blocked by POM pretreatment. These results showed for the first time that POM can prevent alcohol-induced gut leakiness and inflammatory liver injury by suppressing oxidative and nitrative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Cho
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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