1
|
Li N, Wu X, Yin Q, Dong Z, Zheng L, Qian Y, Sun Y, Chen Z, Zhai K. Extraction, Identification, and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids from Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H. Ohba. Foods 2024; 13:2652. [PMID: 39272417 PMCID: PMC11394653 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The extraction of total flavonoids from Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H. Ohba (H. spectabile) leaves was studied through the use of a double enzyme-assisted ultrasonic method, and the extraction process was optimized using the Box-Behnken design. Eight different macroporous resins were screened for purification in single-factorial experiments, and the flavonoid compounds in the extract of H. spectabile leaves were identified using HPLC-MS. Through the evaluation of the total reducing capacity and capacity for reducing 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and 2,2'-biazobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), the in vitro antioxidant activities of the crude extracts of the total flavonoids and purified total flavonoids of H. spectabile leaves were investigated. The results showed that the most efficient conditions for flavonoid extraction were an ultrasonic extraction time of 60 min, an ethanol concentration of 35%, a liquid-to-material ratio of 20:1 mL/g, and an amount of enzyme (cellulose/pectinase = 1:1) of 1.5%, forming H. spectabile powder. Under these conditions, the total flavonoid extraction rate in the H. spectabile leaf extract was 4.22%. AB-8 resin showed superior performance in terms of purification, and the optimal adsorption and desorption times were 1.5 h and 3 h, respectively. The recommended parameters for purification included a liquid volume of 5.5 BV, a flow rate of 1.2 BV/min, a pH of 5, and a concentration of 0.8 mg/mL. The observed order for reducing capacity was ascorbic acid (VC) > rutin > purified total flavonoids > crude extract of total flavonoids. The purified total flavonoid extract from H. spectabile showed a good scavenging ability against DPPH, ·OH, and ABTS·+, suggesting strong antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study can serve as technical support and reference data for the further development and utilization of H. spectabile resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
- Anhui Promotion Center for Technology Achievements Transfer, Anhui Academy of Science and Technology, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
- Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Qin Yin
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
- Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Zeng Dong
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
- Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Lele Zheng
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Yihui Qian
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Yulu Sun
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Ziping Chen
- Anhui Promotion Center for Technology Achievements Transfer, Anhui Academy of Science and Technology, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Kefeng Zhai
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
- Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou 234000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang S, Huang J, Fu J, Qin Y, Zhang X, Yao X, Zhu L, Liu H. Structurally Diverse Phenylpropanamides from Cannabis Fructus and Their Potential Neuroprotective Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12100-12118. [PMID: 38748649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the chemical components and potential health benefits of the fruits of Cannabis sativa L. Fourteen new phenylpropanamides designated as cannabisin I-XIV (1-14) and 40 known analogs were isolated and characterized via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and electronic circular dichroism. In vitro bioassay using H2O2-induced PC12 cell damage models demonstrated that hempseeds extract and compounds 1, 3, 15, 26, 30, 36, 41, and 48 exhibited neuroprotective properties. 3,3'-Demethylgrossamide (30) displayed encouraging protection activity, which was further investigated to relieve the oxidative stress and apoptosis of PC12 cells treated with H2O2. The isolation and characterization of these neuroprotective phenylpropanamides from the fruits of C. sativa provide insights into its health-promoting properties as a healthy food and herbal medicine for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jintian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jiahui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Yu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Hao T, Wang J, Chen Y, Wang X, Wei W, Zhao J, Qian Y. A Near-Infrared Fluorogenic Probe for Rapid, Specific, and Ultrasensitive Detection of Sphingosine in Living Cells and In Vivo. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307598. [PMID: 38032131 PMCID: PMC10787105 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine (Sph) plays important roles in various complex biological processes. Abnormalities in Sph metabolism can result in various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. However, due to the lack of rapid and accurate detection methods, understanding sph metabolic in related diseases is limited. Herein, a series of near-infrared fluorogenic probes DMS-X (X = 2F, F, Cl, Br, and I) are designed and synthesized. The fast oxazolidinone ring formation enables the DMS-2F to detect Sph selectively and ultrasensitively, and the detection limit reaches 9.33 ± 0.41 nm. Moreover, it is demonstrated that DMS-2F exhibited a dose- and time-dependent response to Sph and can detect sph in living cells. Importantly, for the first time, the changes in Sph levels induced by Aβ42 oligomers and H2 O2 are assessed through a fluorescent imaging approach, and further validated the physiological processes by which Aβ42 oligomers and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induce changes in intracellular Sph levels. Additionally, the distribution of Sph in living zebrafish is successfully mapped by in vivo imaging of a zebrafish model. This work provides a simple and efficient method for probing Sph in living cells and in vivo, which will facilitate investigation into the metabolic process of Sph and the connection between Sph and disease pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Tingting Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Yiming Chen
- School of EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville37235USA
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Yong Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Izadi Z, Barzegari E, Iranpanah A, Sajadimajd S, Derakhshankhah H. Gentamycin Rationally Repositioned to Inhibit miR-34a Ameliorates Oxidative Injury to PC12 Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:771-781. [PMID: 36643496 PMCID: PMC9835649 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke accompanies oxidative stress and cell death in the cerebral tissue. The microRNA miR-34a plays a pivotal role in this molecular pathology. This study presents the rational repositioning of aminoglycosidic antibiotics as miR-34a antagonists in order to assess their efficiency in protecting the PC12 stroke model cells from oxidative stress occurring under cerebral ischemic conditions. A library of 29 amino-sugar compounds were screened against anticipated structural models of miR-34a through molecular docking. MiR-ligand interactions were mechanistically studied by molecular dynamics simulations and free-energy calculations. Cultured PC12 cells were treated by H2O2 alone or in combination with gentamycin and neomycin as selected drugs. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and annexin V-FITC/propidium iodate (PI) double staining assays, respectively. The expression levels of key factors involved in cell proliferation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in treated PC12 cells were measured through a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometric annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assays. A stable and energetically favorable binding was observed for miR-34a with gentamycin and neomycin. Gentamycin pretreatments followed by H2O2 oxidative injury led to increased cell viability and protected PC12 cells against H2O2-induced apoptotic events. This study will help in further understanding how the suppression of miR-34a in neural tissue affects the cell viability upon stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhila Izadi
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
- USERN
Office, Kermanshah University of Medical
Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Barzegari
- Medical
Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
- USERN
Office, Kermanshah University of Medical
Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Soraya Sajadimajd
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah 67144-14971, Iran
| | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
- USERN
Office, Kermanshah University of Medical
Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee Y, Park JC, Paul NC, Hwang EJ, Yoon Y, Choi HW. First report of post-harvest tuber rot of Apios americana Medikus caused by Penicillium expansum in South Korea. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 107:1944. [PMID: 36324204 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-22-1290-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Apios americana Medikus, a perennial vine legume native to North America, is known as 'Indian potato' or 'Apios' for their underground tubers that are used for human consumption in Korea (Choi et al., 2017). These tubers are known to be rich in isoflavones as well as other secondary products to have known several medicinal properties (Chu et al., 2019). The harvested tubers in 2020 were observed to rot during storage of tubers for 4 months at 4°C in the genetic resource storage room at the Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Muan, Jeollanam-do, South Korea. The incidence of rot symptoms with blue mold was less than 1% per 20 kg box. Ten infected tubers were collected from several boxes and the lesions were cut into small pieces, and then surface sterilized in 1.5% NaClO for 2 minutes, followed by rinsing 3 times with sterilized water. To investigate their morphological characteristics, ten isolates were cultured in Malt Extract Agar (MEA) medium at 25° C for 5 days (Pitt and Hocking, 1988). The surface morphology of the mycelium had white or light green fluffy, and completely blue spores were formed after about 5 days. The conidia were one-stage branched with an elliptical shape, about 3.5 to 4.3 × 2.9 to 3.6 (mean 3.8 ± 0.3 × 3.2 ± 0.2) ㎛ in diameter (n=30). Genomic DNAs of the isolates were extracted using Solgent DNA Extraction Kit (Solgent, Daejeon, Korea), and then PCR products of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1/ITS4) region and the beta-tubulin gene (Bt2a/Bt2b) were sequenced and analyzed (Glass and Donaldson, 1995). The BLASTn showed that the representative isolate had 99% homology with reference Penicillium expansum strain ICMP 2708 (ITS region and TUB2 gene) in NCBI GenBank. The sequences of the isolate were deposited in GenBank as accession numbers MZ636667 and MZ702813 for ITS and TUB2 genes, respectively. Based on the morphological characteristics and molecular analysis, the isolate was identified as P. expansum. Pathogenicity assays of the isolate were also performed using three tubers in three replicates inoculated with spore suspension (concentration, 1×106 conidia/mL) and compared with a control group inoculated with sterilized water. The inoculated Apios tubers were placed in a plastic box maintained in conditions of high humidity at 25°C. Five days after inoculation, the typical symptoms were observed on inoculated tubers, and no symptoms were observed in the control one. P. expansum was again isolated from artificially inoculated tubers to complete Koch's assumption. This is the first report of P. expansum causing tuber rot in A. americana in South Korea. As the cultivated area of Apios is increasing in Korea, it will be necessary to develop effective storage methods and management strategies for the control of storage diseases such as blue mold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeonghoon Lee
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, , Bioenergy Crop Research, 199 Muanro, Cheonggye, Muan, Muan, Jeonnam, Korea (the Republic of), 58545;
| | | | - Narayan Chandra Paul
- Chonnam National University, 34931, Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, 77 Yongbong-ro, Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Korea (the Republic of), 61186;
| | | | - Youngnam Yoon
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Corp Productiong Technology Research Division, 20th, Jeompiljaero, Miryang, Korea (the Republic of), 50424;
| | - Hyo-Won Choi
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea, Wanju, Korea (the Republic of), 55365;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang W, Liu H, Fu G, Li Y, Ji X, Zhang S, Wei M, Qiao K. Exposure to fluopimomide at sublethal doses causes oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans regulated by insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1-like signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2529-2539. [PMID: 35833599 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluopimomide is an innovative pesticide, widely used for agricultural pest management; however, little is known about its effect on non-target organisms. This study was designed to assess the potential risk of fluopimomide and the molecular mechanisms using Caenorhabditis elegans, a common model animal. The oxidative stress-related indicators were analyzed in C. elegans after exposure to fluopimomide for 24 h at three sublethal doses (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/L). The results demonstrated that sublethal exposure to fluopimomide adversely affected the nematodes growth, locomotive behaviors, reproduction, and lifespan, accompanying with enhanced of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid and lipofuscin accumulation, and malondialdehyde content. In addition, exposure to fluopimomide significantly inhibited antioxidant systems including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione in the nematodes. Moreover, the expression of oxidative stress-related genes of sod-3, hsp-16.1, gst-4, ctl-2, daf-16, and daf-2 were significantly down-regulated, while the expression of skn-1 was significantly up-regulated. Further evidence revealed that daf-16 and skn-1 mutant strains of C. elegans significantly decreased ROS production upon fluopimomide exposure compared with the wild-type nematodes. Overall, our findings indicated that exposure to fluopimomide at sublethal doses caused oxidative damage, mainly associated with insulin/IGF-1-like signaling pathway in C. elegans. This is the first report of potential toxic effects of fluopimomide even at low concentrations, providing a new insight into the mechanisms of toxicity to C. elegans by fluopimomide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouan Zhang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, Florida, USA
| | - Min Wei
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou S, Chen J, Fan F, Pan Y, Feng X, Yu L, Gong S, Zheng X, Jiang Y, Chu Q. Apios americana Medik flower extract protects high-glucose-treated hepatocytes and Caenorhabditis elegans. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
8
|
Chao WW, Chan WC, Ma HT, Chou ST. Phenolic acids and flavonoids-rich Glechoma hederacea L. (Lamiaceae) water extract against H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14032. [PMID: 34914114 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress is reportedly associated with progressive neuronal cell damage. Glechoma hederacea L. (Lamiaceae), belonging to the Labiatae family, has demonstrated several biologic activities including depigmentation, antimelanogenic, antitumor, antioxidative, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. Previously, we reported that rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, genistin, and ferulic acids were the most abundant phytochemicals detected in hot water extracts of G. hederacea L. (HWG). This study aimed to study the neuroprotective effects of phenolic acids and flavonoid-rich HWG against hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells and its inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The experiment analyzed cytotoxicity, ROS production, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP) level, and caspase-3 activity and used comet assay and antioxidant enzyme activity to determine the redox status of PC12 cells. Results showed that the inhibitory effect of HWG on AChE was in a competitive pattern (IC50 , 23.23 mg/ml). HWG antagonized H2 O2 -mediated cytotoxicity and DNA damage, reduced ROS production, stabilized MMP, and inhibited caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. Furthermore, HWG inhibited the release of cytochrome C and apoptosis-inducing factors (AIF) and decreased the malondialdehyde levels in PC12 cells. Collectively, HWG rich in antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids may have neuroprotective effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Polyphenolic compounds are one of the most important natural products, known to possess a range of health-promoting effects. In this study, it was found that HWG, which is rich in antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids, can protect PC12 cells from oxidative stress induced by H2 O2 and may have neuroprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wan Chao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Chan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ting Ma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gupta R, Ambasta RK, Pravir Kumar. Autophagy and apoptosis cascade: which is more prominent in neuronal death? Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:8001-8047. [PMID: 34741624 PMCID: PMC11072037 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are two crucial self-destructive processes that maintain cellular homeostasis, which are characterized by their morphology and regulated through signal transduction mechanisms. These pathways determine the fate of cellular organelle and protein involved in human health and disease such as neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Cell death pathways share common molecular mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium ion concentration, reactive oxygen species, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Some key signaling molecules such as p53 and VEGF mediated angiogenic pathway exhibit cellular and molecular responses resulting in the triggering of apoptotic and autophagic pathways. Herein, based on previous studies, we describe the intricate relation between cell death pathways through their common genes and the role of various stress-causing agents. Further, extensive research on autophagy and apoptotic machinery excavates the implementation of selective biomarkers, for instance, mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3 family members, caspases, AMPK, PI3K/Akt/GSK3β, and p38/JNK/MAPK, in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This molecular phenomenon will lead to the discovery of possible therapeutic biomolecules as a pharmacological intervention that are involved in the modulation of apoptosis and autophagy pathways. Moreover, we describe the potential role of micro-RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and biomolecules as therapeutic agents that regulate cell death machinery to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Mounting evidence demonstrated that under stress conditions, such as calcium efflux, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and oxidative stress intermediate molecules, namely p53 and VEGF, activate and cause cell death. Further, activation of p53 and VEGF cause alteration in gene expression and dysregulated signaling pathways through the involvement of signaling molecules, namely mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3, AMPK, MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt, and caspases. Alteration in gene expression and signaling cascades cause neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates, which are characteristics features of neurodegenerative diseases. Excessive neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates lead to neuronal cell death by activating death pathways like autophagy and apoptosis. However, autophagy has a dual role in the apoptosis pathways, i.e., activation and inhibition of the apoptosis signaling. Further, micro-RNAs and LncRNAs act as pharmacological regulators of autophagy and apoptosis cascade, whereas, natural compounds and chemical compounds act as pharmacological inhibitors that rescue neuronal cell death through inhibition of apoptosis and autophagic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
- , Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang R. Purification and antioxidant properties of triterpenic acids from blackened jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) by macroporous resins. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5070-5082. [PMID: 34532016 PMCID: PMC8441361 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the purification process and antioxidant activity of triterpenic acids from blackened jujube, the macroporous resin was applied to purify the crude extract from blackened jujube. The adsorption and desorption characterizations of five different macroporous adsorption resins (AB-8, D-101, X-5, HPD-100, S-8) for triterpenic acids of blackened jujube were compared, the optimum purification resins were screened, and the purification parameters were optimized. The antioxidant activity of crude extracts and purified products from blackened jujube was analyzed. The results showed that D-101 resin possessed the best effect on the purification of blackened jujube triterpenic acids. The optimum purification parameters were as follows: sample concentration 25.5 μg/ml, 130 ml of the sample volume was with a flow rate of 2.0 ml/min, eluted with 95% ethanol, and speed flow was 1.0 ml/min. The purity of triterpenic acids was increased by 2.49 times after purification with a recovery rate of (78.58 ± 0.67)%. Furthermore, the IC50 values of hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity from triterpenic acids crude extract and purified substances were 0.900 and 0.850 mg/ml, respectively, and the IC50 values of superoxide anion radical were 0.745 and 0.594 mg/ml, respectively, indicating that the antioxidative capacity of the purified product was stronger than the crude extract. The purified triterpenic acids (PTA) groups at different doses had excellent protective effects on H2O2-induced damage HUVEC cells. Results have revealed that triterpenic acids of blackened jujube have good antioxidant function and utilization and development prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Fu
- College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Yanlei Zhang
- College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Rentang Zhang
- College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chu Q, Zhang S, Yu X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Zheng X. Fecal microbiota transplantation attenuates nano-plastics induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146454. [PMID: 33744565 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Current studies simply focus on the toxicity of nano-plastics, while the correlation between their toxicity and bio-distribution, as well as intestinal microorganisms is still blank. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the toxicity based on the accumulation characteristics of nano-plastics in C. elegans. Meanwhile, for the first time, human fecal microbiota was transplanted into the gut of C. elegans and found that nano-plastics can through the intestinal barrier to the whole body after oral intake and can't be drastically excreted until die, thus causing toxic effects; while human fecal microbiota transplantation can significantly improve the living state via activating PMK-1/SKN-1 pathway to promote the production of intracellular glutathione, and exogenous glutathione addition can also markedly protect nematodes against nano-plastics induced toxicity. Our results not only provide a fully understand between the accumulation characteristic and health risk of nano-plastics, but also take C. elegans and intestinal flora into the field of toxicity evolution of nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingkui Zhang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Apios Americana Medicus: A potential staple food candidate with versatile bioactivities. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
13
|
Apios americana Medik leaf extracts attenuate H2O2-induced hepatotoxicity. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
14
|
Zhang Y, Wang Z, Yang J, He Y, Wan H, Li C. Analogs of imine resveratrol alleviate oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via activation of Nrf2. FEBS Open Bio 2021. [PMID: 34056861 PMCID: PMC8329772 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is closely associated with neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Resveratrol and related compounds have shown great potential as antioxidants via either direct scavenging of abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) or activation of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2-antioxidant response elements pathway. In the present study, we evaluated imine resveratrol analogs (IRAs) for their neuroprotective effects against ROS in PC12 cells, which are a commonly employed model system for studies of neuronal development and function. We identified that IRA-3 (4-[[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]amino]-phenol) was more potent than resveratrol at rescuing PC12 cells from H2 O2 -induced oxidative damage, exhibiting a recovery percentage of 60.4% at 50 μm. Our findings suggest that the neuroprotective effect of IRA-3 was achieved via multiple routes, including direct scavenging of ROS, rescue of endogenous antioxidants and activation of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2-antioxidant response elements pathway. Our results suggest that IRA-3 may have potential for development into a possible treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiong Wang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Horie M, Sugino S, Tada A, Nara K. Groundnut ( Apios americana Medik) Extract Enhances the Osteoblast Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211010567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of groundnut ( Apios americana Medik) extract on osteoblast differentiation were examined using MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with the crude extract along with other differentiating reagents. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of cells cultured in a differentiation medium supplemented with 0.01% crude groundnut extract was 1.5‐1.6 times higher than that of cells cultured in a differentiation medium without the extract. Crude groundnut extract was further separated into aqueous and methanol fractions. The methanol fraction enhanced ALP activity, osteocalcin, integrin-binding sialoprotein, and type I collagen expression, and calcium mineralization. Conversely, the aqueous fraction did not show such effects. Groundnut extract may enhance osteoblast differentiation, and this effect is likely conferred by water insoluble substance(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Horie
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Sakiko Sugino
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Atsumi Tada
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nara
- Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Jissen Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen W, Chu Q, Ye X, Sun Y, Liu Y, Jia R, Li Y, Tu P, Tang Q, Yu T, Chen C, Zheng X. Canidin-3-glucoside prevents nano-plastics induced toxicity via activating autophagy and promoting discharge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116524. [PMID: 33548667 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been brought to microplastics pollution recently, while emerging evidences indicate that nano-plastics degraded from microplastics are more of research significance owing to stronger toxicity. However, there is little study focused on the prevention of nano-plastics induced toxicity until now. Canidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a natural anthocyanin proved to possess multiple functions like antioxidant and intestinal tissue protection. Thus, we proposed whether C3G could act as a molecular weapon against nano-plastics induced toxicity. In Caco2 cell and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) models, we found that polystyrene (PS) nano-plastics exposure resulted in physiological toxicity and oxidative damage, which could be restored by C3G. More significantly in Caco2 cells, we observed that autophagy was activated via Sirt1-Foxo1 signaling pathway to attenuate PS induced toxicity after C3G intervention and further verified by adding autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-MA). Meanwhile, PS co-localization with lysosomes was observed, indicating the encapsulation and degradation of PS. In C. elegans, by detecting LGG-1/LC3 expression in GFP-targeted LGG-1 report gene (LGG-1:GFP) labeled transgenic DA2123 strain, the co-localization of LGG-1:GFP with PS was found as well, means that autophagy is involved in C3G's beneficial effects. Furthermore, we were surprised to find that C3G could promote the discharge of PS from N2 nematodes, which reduces PS toxicity more directly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglu Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Hangzhou, 310007, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pavlidis N, Kofinas A, Papanikolaou MG, Miras HN, Drouza C, Kalampounias AG, Kabanos TA, Konstandi M, Leondaritis G. Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of quinoline derivatives and their complexes with copper(ΙΙ) in in vitro cell models of Alzheimer's disease. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 217:111393. [PMID: 33610031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. The main pathophysiological mechanisms involve cholinergic neurotransmission, beta-amyloid (Αβ) and Tau proteins, several metal ions and oxidative stress, among others. Current drugs offer only relief of symptoms and not a cure of AD. Accumulating evidence suggests that multifunctional compounds, targeting multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, may have a great potential for the treatment of AD. In this study, we report on the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of four quinoline-based metal chelators and their respective copper(II) complexes. Most compounds were non-toxic at concentrations ≤5 μM. In neuroprotection studies employing undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, the metal chelator N2,N6-di(quinolin-8-yl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide (H2dqpyca) appeared to exert significant neuroprotection against both, Aβ peptide- and H2O2-induced toxicities. The copper(II) complex [CuII(H2bqch)Cl2].3H2O (H2bqch = N,N'-Bis(8-quinolyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine) also protected against H2O2-induced toxicity, with a half-maximal effective concentration of 80 nM. Molecular docking simulations, using the crystal structure of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-rivastigmine complex as a template, indicated a strong interaction of the metal chelator H2dqpyca, followed by H2bqch, with both the peripheral anionic site and the catalytic active site of AChE. In conclusion, the sufficient neuroprotection provided by the metal chelator H2dqpyca and the copper(II) complex [CuII(H2bqch)Cl2].3H2O along with the evidence for interaction between H2dqpyca and AChE, indicate that these compounds have the potential and should be further investigated in the framework of preclinical studies employing animal models of AD as candidate multifunctional lead compounds for the treatment of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Pavlidis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Aristeidis Kofinas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Michael G Papanikolaou
- Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Haralampos N Miras
- West CHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Chryssoula Drouza
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus.
| | - Angelos G Kalampounias
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Themistoklis A Kabanos
- Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Maria Konstandi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - George Leondaritis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chu Q, Chen W, Jia R, Ye X, Li Y, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Zheng X. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves extract against acrylamide-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122364. [PMID: 32114136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR), as a raw material of polyacrylamide that used in water purification, was verified to possess various toxicity. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (TH) is a medicinal plant widely used to anti-inflammation and anti-tumor in Chinese folks. However, more researches focused on the biological activities in tubers and the leaves were ignored. Thus, the protective effect of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves extract (THLE) against ACR-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was explored in this study. In vitro, we observed that THLE attenuated ACR-induced toxicity in HepG2 cell via regulating Akt/mTOR/FOXO1/MAPK signaling pathway. Further research proved that 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CA) plays a major role in THLE's amelioration effect of ACR toxicity. In vivo, it was found that THLE possesses the same protective effect in ACR-treated wild-type N2 C. elegans and daf-2 (-) (deficit in DAF-2) mutants. However, the anti-ACR toxicity effect of THLE in daf-16 (-) mutants (deficit in DAF-16 that homologous to FOXO family in human) was weakened. Our results indicated that THLE exhibited protective effects against ACR-induced toxicity both in HepG2 cells and C. elegans, while DAF-16/FOXO gene is involved in THLE' protective effect via regulating the expression levels of downstream antioxidant genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglu Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Shanghai Zhengyue Enterprise Management Co., Ltd., 19th Floor, Block B, Xinchengkonggu Building, NO.388 Zhongjiang Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 600062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shi D, Yang J, Jiang Y, Wen L, Wang Z, Yang B. The antioxidant activity and neuroprotective mechanism of isoliquiritigenin. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:207-215. [PMID: 32220625 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizae radix has been widely accepted as a functional food in Asia. Isoliquiritigenin is a characteristic bioactive chemical in this medicinal plant. In this work, the neuroprotective effect of isoliquiritigenin and the possible mechanisms were investigated. The results revealed that isoliquiritigenin exhibited better neuroprotective and antioxidant activities than quercetin, a commercial natural antioxidant. Isoliquiritigenin significantly inhibited the release of lactate dehydrogenase, and the generation of reactive oxygen species in H2O2-treated cells. The activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were improved. The mRNA expression levels related to oxidative defense and cell apoptosis were reversed by isoliquiritigenin. Moreover, isoliquiritigenin might inhibit the cell apoptosis via ameliorating the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the change of nucleus morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingrong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhubin Wang
- Nuspower Greatsun (Guangdong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510900, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Duan LH, Li M, Wang CB, Wang QM, Liu QQ, Shang WF, Shen YJ, Lin ZH, Sun TY, Wu ZZ, Li YH, Wang YL, Luo X. Protective effects of organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:682-689. [PMID: 31638092 PMCID: PMC6975140 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.266918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpinia oxyphylla, a traditional herb, is widely used for its neuroprotective, antioxidant and memory-improving effects. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of its active ingredients are unclear. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of various organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla on PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in vitro. Alpinia oxyphylla was extracted three times with 95% ethanol (representing extracts 1–3). The third 95% ethanol extract was dried and resuspended in water, and then extracted successively with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol (representing extracts 4–6). The cell counting kit-8 assay and microscopy were used to evaluate cell viability and observe the morphology of PC12 cells. The protective effect of the three ethanol extracts (at tested concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL) against cytotoxicity to PC12 cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and n-butanol extracts (each tested at 100, 150 and 200 μg/mL) had neuroprotective effects as well. The optimum effective concentration ranged from 50–200 μg/mL, and the protective effect of the ethyl acetate extract was comparatively robust. These results demonstrate that organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla protect PC12 cells against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide. Our findings should help identify the bioactive neuroprotective components in Alpinia oxyphylla.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Duan
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics; Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Stroke Biological Recovery Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Meng Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun-Bao Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics; Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Mingkai Smart Medical Robot Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Mei Wang
- Stroke Biological Recovery Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Quan-Quan Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics; Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University; Mingkai Smart Medical Robot Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wan-Feng Shang
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics; Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ya-Jin Shen
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhuo-Hua Lin
- Mingkai Smart Medical Robot Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tong-Yang Sun
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng-Zhi Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics; Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying-Hong Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics; Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Long Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xun Luo
- Kerry Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chu Q, Yu X, Jia R, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Liu Y, Li Y, Chen W, Ye X, Zheng X. Flavonoids from Apios americana Medikus Leaves Protect RAW264.7 Cells against Inflammation via Inhibition of MAPKs, Akt-mTOR Pathways, and Nfr2 Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1563024. [PMID: 31915502 PMCID: PMC6930734 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1563024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apios americana Medikus was once widely accepted as staple food in India for a long time, and the tuber of which possesses high nutrients. During the past decades, most of the research has focused on the biological activity in the tubers of Apios americana Medikus whereas the leaves were ignored. In this study, the Apios americana Medikus leaf extract (ALE) was obtained and seven compounds were identified. LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were used to study the anti-inflammation activity of ALE. As expected, ALE reduced the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines via inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling together with activation of Nrf2-Keap1 and FOXO pathways, as well as alleviating the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, ALE could activate HMGB1-Beclin1 and Sirt1-FoxO1 pathways and inhibit the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway to activate autophagy, protecting RAW264.7 cells from inflammation. In summary, our results suggested that ALE might help activate the anti-inflammation system, resulting in the prevention of LPS-induced damage in RAW264.7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonglu Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu AG, Teng JF, Wong VKW, Zhou XG, Qiu WQ, Tang Y, Wu JM, Xiong R, Pan R, Wang YL, Tang B, Ding TY, Yu L, Zeng W, Qin DL, Law BYK. Novel steroidal saponin isolated from Trillium tschonoskii maxim. exhibits anti-oxidative effect via autophagy induction in cellular and Caenorhabditis elegans models. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:153088. [PMID: 31627105 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidences indicate the important roles of autophagy in anti-oxidative stress, which is closely associated with cancer, aging and neurodegeneration. OBJECTIVE In the current study, we aimed to identify autophagy inducers with potent anti-oxidative effect from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in PC-12 cells and C. elegans. METHODS The autophagy inducers were extensively screened in our herbal extracts library by using the stable RFP-GFP-LC3 U87 cells. The components with autophagic induction effect in Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. (TTM) was isolated and identified by using the autophagic activity-guided column chromatography and Pre-HPLC technologies, and MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis, respectively. The anti-oxidative effect of the isolated autophagy inducers was evaluated in H2O2-induced PC-12 cells and C. elegans models by measuring the viability of PC-12 cells and C. elegans, with quantitation on the ROS level in vitro and in vivo using H2DCFDA probe. RESULTS The total ethanol extract of TTM was found to significantly increase the formation of GFP-LC3 puncta in stable RFP-GFP-LC3 U87 cells. One novel steroidal saponin 1-O-[2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-4-O-acetyl-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-21-Deoxytrillenogenin, (Deoxytrillenoside CA, DTCA) and one known steroidal saponin 1-O-[2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-4-O-acetyl-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-21-O-acetyl-epitrillenogenin (Epitrillenoside CA, ETCA) were isolated, identified and found to have novel autophagic effect. Both DTCA and ETCA could activate autophagy in PC-12 cells via the AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in an Atg7-dependent. In addition, DTCA and ETCA could increase the cell viability and decrease the intracellular ROS level in H2O2-treated PC-12 cells and C. elegans, and the further study demonstrated that the induced autophagy contributes to their anti-oxidative effect. CONCLUSION Our current findings not only provide information on the discovery of novel autophagy activators from TTM, but also confirmed the anti-oxidative effect of the components from TTM both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An-Guo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jin-Feng Teng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Vincent Kam-Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Wen-Qiao Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Rui Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Rong Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yi-Ling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Bin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Tian-Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chu Q, Jia R, Chen M, Li Y, Yu X, Wang Y, Chen W, Ye X, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Zheng X. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum tubers polysaccharide ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages and Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:611-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
24
|
Chu Q, Zhang Y, Chen W, Jia R, Yu X, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Ye X, Yu L, Zheng X. Apios americana Medik flowers polysaccharide (AFP) alleviate Cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in ICR mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 144:829-836. [PMID: 31734373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunosuppression refers to the suppression of the immune response. The immune function of immunocompromised people is not enough to resist bacterial, viral, fungal and other infections, leading to a series of diseases. A large number of experimental data show that polysaccharide compounds are immune modulators, which can enhance the body immunity with little toxic. Meanwhile, it can reduce the side effects of commonly used immunosuppressants, such as cytotoxicity, decreased ability of the body to fight infection, and inhibition of the reproduction of bone marrow hematopoietic cells. It can be used as oral or injectable drugs. In this study, a purified polysaccharide was primarily extracted from the flowers of Apios americana Medik (AAM), which can improve the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). The immunoenhancement effect of AFP was evaluated by measuring the body weight, immune organ index, cytokine secretion and antibody generated levels of CTX-induced mice. Our results showed that AFP could significantly improve the above immune indexes, which indicated AFP could alleviate immunosuppression induced by CTX. The study provided a theoretical basis for the promotion, development and application of AAM as a newly introduced food material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonglu Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lushuang Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chu Q, Jia R, Chen W, Liu Y, Li Y, Ye X, Jiang Y, Zheng X. Purified Tetrastigma hemsleyanum vines polysaccharide attenuates EC-induced toxicity in Caco-2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF-16/FOXO pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 150:1192-1202. [PMID: 31739013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl Carbamate (EC), as a carcinogen widely found in fermented foods, was verified that its cytotoxicity was associated with oxidative stress. Polysaccharides from natural sources due to their antioxidative capacity have attracted great attention in the past time. In this study, purified polysaccharide from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum vines (TVP) with 64.89 kDA was extracted and conducted multiple analysis to identify its structural information. It could be discovered that TVP was composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. In vitro, TVP could inhibit cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, attenuate oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by EC in Caco-2 cells. Meanwhile, TVP could suppress apoptosis by mTOR and Bcl-2 signaling pathways, ameliorate oxidative via Sirt1-FoxO1 and Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathways. In vivo, EC as well triggered the decline of survival and athletic ability in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and TVP could reverse the decline. In the meantime, TVP could ameliorate oxidative damage in N2 and daf-2 (-) mutant but fail in daf-16 (-) mutant, which suggested that DAF-16 (FOXO) might affect the antioxidative protection of TVP in C. elegans. In brief, our results manifested that TVP could attenuate EC-induced cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglu Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Shanghai Zhengyue Enterprise Management Co, Ltd., 19th Floor, Block B, Xinchengkonggu Building, No. 388 Zhongjiang Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 600062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Khan I, Bhardwaj M, Shukla S, Min SH, Choi DK, Bajpai VK, Huh YS, Kang SC. Carvacrol inhibits cytochrome P450 and protects against binge alcohol-induced liver toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
27
|
Li Y, Chu Q, Liu Y, Ye X, Jiang Y, Zheng X. Radix Tetrastigma flavonoid ameliorates inflammation and prolongs the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans through JNK, p38 and Nrf2 pathways. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:562-573. [PMID: 31039619 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1613534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The main flavonoid components of Radix Tetrastigma (RTF) were extracted and identified by UPLC-TOF/MS. In vitro, RTF prevented inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells by suppressing morphological (both cell and nucleus) changes, and decreasing nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) contents. Exposure to LPS also leads to oxidant damage, and RTF alleviated damage to mitochondria, decreased O2- accumulation, and restored the glutathione level. RTF intervention decreased the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 phosphorylation, accompanied by downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1). In vivo, aging of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) by paraquat (PQ) was observed through lifespan, lipofuscin, and enzyme analysis. RTF protected against damage in N2 worms but not in daf-16 mutants. Gene expression was further assessed, and p38/PMK-1 and Nrf2/SKN-1 expression in worms was suppressed by PQ, which was reversed by RTF treatment. Together, these results suggested that RTF could help ameliorate inflammation-induced damage through JNK, p38 and Nrf2 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglu Li
- a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fuli Institute of Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chu
- a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fuli Institute of Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fuli Institute of Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ye
- a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fuli Institute of Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jiang
- d Shanghai Zhengyue Enterprise Management Co, Ltd, Putuo District , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fuli Institute of Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Apios americana Medikus tuber polysaccharide exerts anti-inflammatory effects by activating autophagy. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:892-902. [PMID: 30840871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tubers of Apios americana Medikus possess high nutritional value and have been used as food in many countries for a long time. However, few researches have focused on the tuber polysaccharides. In the present study, a purified polysaccharide (ATP-1) was isolated with the average molecular weights of 12.16 kDa. ATP-1 significantly suppressed the release of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines from LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, as well as oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Meanwhile, ATP-1 reduced oxidative damage via the NF-κB, MAPKs and Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathways in RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, autophagy was activated by HMGB1-Beclin1, Sirt1-FoxO1 and Akt-mTOR signaling pathways, leading to a relief of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and an expression enhancement of autophagy-related proteins, such as LC3, Beclin1, Atg4, Atg5, and Atg7. In summary, our results suggested that ATP-1 might help to activate the anti-inflammation system,resulting in prevention of LPS-induced damage in RAW264.7 cells.
Collapse
|
29
|
Chu Q, Zhang S, Chen M, Han W, Jia R, Chen W, Zheng X. Cherry Anthocyanins Regulate NAFLD by Promoting Autophagy Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4825949. [PMID: 30931080 PMCID: PMC6410467 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4825949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic disease that threatens human health, and present therapies remain limited due to the lack of effective drugs. Lipid metabolic disturbance and oxidative stress have strong links to the development of NAFLD, while autophagy was generally accepted as a key regulatory mechanism on these steps. Our previous studies indicated that cherry anthocyanins (CACN) protected against high fat diet-induced obesity and NALFD in C57BL/6 mice, while the underlying molecule mechanism is still unclear. Thus, in this study, we show that CACN protect against oleic acid- (OA-) induced oxidative stress and attenuate lipid droplet accumulation in NAFLD cell models. According to the results of a transmission electron microscope (TEM), western blot, immunofluorescence (IF), and adenovirus transfection (Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B), autophagy is in accordance with the lipid-lowering effect induced by CACN. Further studies illustrate that CACN may activate autophagy via mTOR pathways. In addition, an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), was applied and the result suggested that autophagy indeed participates in the lipid clearance process in OA-induced lipid accumulation. All these results indicate that the positive effects of CACN on OA-induced hepatic lipid accumulation are mediated via activating autophagy, showing a potential target for the therapeutic strategy of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|