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Wang C, Hu M, Yuan Y, Lv X, Li S, Chen S, Zhang F, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Chen F, Guo X, Ning Y, Wang X. Modulation of Ras signaling pathway by exosome miRNAs in T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte injury. Toxicology 2024; 506:153858. [PMID: 38825033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of T-2 toxin on the regulation of downstream target genes and signaling pathways through exosome-released miRNA in the development of cartilage damage in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). Serum samples from KBD patients and supernatant from C28/I2 cells treated with T-2 toxin were collected for the purpose of comparing the differential expression of exosomal miRNA using absolute quantitative miRNA-seq. Target genes of differential exosomal miRNAs were identified using Targetscan and Miranda databases, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Validation of key indicators of chondrocyte injury in KBD was conducted using Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Immunohistochemical staining (IHC). A total of 20 exosomal miRNAs related to KBD were identified in serum, and 13 in chondrocytes (C28/I2). The identified exosomal miRNAs targeted 48,459 and 60,612 genes, primarily enriched in cell organelles and membranes, cell differentiation, and cytoskeleton in the serum, and the cytoplasm and nucleus, metal ion binding in chondrocyte (C28/I2). The results of the KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the Ras signaling pathway may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of KBD. Specifically, the upregulation of hsa-miR-181a-5p and hsa-miR-21-3p, along with the downregulation of hsa-miR-152-3p and hsa-miR-186-5p, were observed. Additionally, T-2 toxin intervention led to a significant downregulation of RALA, REL, and MAPK10 expression. Furthermore, the protein levels of RALA, REL, and MAPK10 were notably decreased in the superficial and middle layers of cartilage tissues from KBD. The induction of differential expression of chondrocyte exosomal miRNAs by T-2 toxin results in the collective regulation of target genes RALA, REL, and MAPK10, ultimately mediating the Ras signaling pathway and causing a disruption in chondrocyte extracellular matrix metabolism, leading to chondrocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Minhan Hu
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710068, PR China
| | - Yuequan Yuan
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xi Lv
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Shujin Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Sijie Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Feiyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Feihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yujie Ning
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Murtaza B, Li X, Nawaz MY, Saleemi MK, Li G, Jin B, Wang L, Xu Y. Toxicodynamic of combined mycotoxins: MicroRNAs and acute-phase proteins as diagnostic biomarkers. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13338. [PMID: 38629461 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins, ubiquitous contaminants in food, present a global threat to human health and well-being. Mitigation efforts, such as the implementation of sound agricultural practices, thorough food processing, and the advancement of mycotoxin control technologies, have been instrumental in reducing mycotoxin exposure and associated toxicity. To comprehensively assess mycotoxins and their toxicodynamic implications, the deployment of effective and predictive strategies is imperative. Understanding the manner of action, transformation, and cumulative toxic effects of mycotoxins, moreover, their interactions with food matrices can be gleaned through gene expression and transcriptome analyses at cellular and molecular levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) govern the expression of target genes and enzymes that play pivotal roles in physiological, pathological, and toxicological responses, whereas acute phase proteins (APPs) exert regulatory control over the metabolism of therapeutic agents, both endogenously and posttranscriptionally. Consequently, this review aims to consolidate current knowledge concerning the regulatory role of miRNAs in the initiation of toxicological pathways by mycotoxins and explores the potential of APPs as biomarkers following mycotoxin exposure. The findings of this research highlight the potential utility of miRNAs and APPs as indicators for the detection and management of mycotoxins in food through biological processes. These markers offer promising avenues for enhancing the safety and quality of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Murtaza
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- Dalian SEM Bioengineering Technology Co., Ltd, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | | | | | - Gen Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Bowen Jin
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yongping Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- Dalian SEM Bioengineering Technology Co., Ltd, Dalian, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Chen Y, Zheng X, Zhou R, Zhang H, Liu Y, Hu X, Yin Z. Mechanism of Apoptosis in Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells Triggered by T-2 Toxin. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:579. [PMID: 38790208 PMCID: PMC11120908 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin (T-2), an A-type mono mycotoxin produced by various Fusarium species, disrupts DNA/RNA and protein synthesis upon entering the body, resulting in pathological conditions in various tissues/organs and posing a significant threat to human and animal health. However, the mechanisms underlying its toxicity remain unclear. With the goal of learning how T-2 affects reproduction in animals, we utilized primary porcine ovarian granulosa cells (pGCs) as a carrier in vitro and constructed concentration models for analyzing cell morphology and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Our findings showed that T-2 could influence pGCs morphology, induce cell cycle arrest, and promote apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The results of RNA-seq analyses indicated that a total of 8216 genes exhibited significant differential expression (DEG) following T-2 treatment, of which 4812 were observed to be down-regulated and 3404 were up-regulated. The DEGs following T-2 toxin treatment of pGCs had a notable impact on many metabolic pathways such as PI3K-Akt, Ras, MAPK, and apoptosis, which in turn altered important physiological processes. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that the differences in the harmful effects of T-2 might be caused by the varying control of cellular processes and the pathway responsible for steroid metabolism. These results present further insights regarding the mechanism of T-2 action on sow reproductive toxicity, enhance our understanding of T-2 reproductive toxicological effects, and lay a theoretical foundation for the judicious prevention of T-2-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zongjun Yin
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.H.)
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Rahman M, Nguyen TM, Lee GJ, Kim B, Park MK, Lee CH. Unraveling the Role of Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain (Rheb1 and Rheb2): Bridging Neuronal Dynamics and Cancer Pathogenesis through Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1489. [PMID: 38338768 PMCID: PMC10855792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb1 and Rheb2), small GTPases, play a crucial role in regulating neuronal activity and have gained attention for their implications in cancer development, particularly in breast cancer. This study delves into the intricate connection between the multifaceted functions of Rheb1 in neurons and cancer, with a specific focus on the mTOR pathway. It aims to elucidate Rheb1's involvement in pivotal cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration, invasion, metastasis, and inflammatory responses while acknowledging that Rheb2 has not been extensively studied. Despite the recognized associations, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between Rheb1 and Rheb2 and their roles in both nerve and cancer remains elusive. This review consolidates current knowledge regarding the impact of Rheb1 on cancer hallmarks and explores the potential of Rheb1 as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment. It emphasizes the necessity for a deeper comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying Rheb1-mediated oncogenic processes, underscoring the existing gaps in our understanding. Additionally, the review highlights the exploration of Rheb1 inhibitors as a promising avenue for cancer therapy. By shedding light on the complicated roles between Rheb1/Rheb2 and cancer, this study provides valuable insights to the scientific community. These insights are instrumental in guiding the identification of novel targets and advancing the development of effective therapeutic strategies for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafizur Rahman
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.R.); (G.J.L.)
| | - Tuan Minh Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.R.); (G.J.L.)
| | - Gi Jeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.R.); (G.J.L.)
| | - Boram Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.R.); (G.J.L.)
| | - Mi Kyung Park
- Department of BioHealthcare, Hwasung Medi-Science University, Hwaseong-si 18274, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.R.); (G.J.L.)
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Hammad R, Eldosoky MA, Elmadbouly AA, Aglan RB, AbdelHamid SG, Zaky S, Ali E, Abd El Hakam FEZ, Mosaad AM, Abdelmageed NA, Kotb FM, Kotb HG, Hady AA, Abo-Elkheir OI, Kujumdshiev S, Sack U, Lambert C, Hamdy NM. Monocytes subsets altered distribution and dysregulated plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p in HCV-linked liver cirrhosis progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15349-15364. [PMID: 37639012 PMCID: PMC10620275 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors aim to investigate the altered monocytes subsets distribution in liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in association with the expression level of plasma Homo sapiens (has)-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p. A step toward non-protein coding (nc) RNA precision medicine based on the immune perturbation manifested as altered monocytes distribution, on top of LC and HCC. METHODS Seventy-nine patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus (CHCV) infection with LC were enrolled in the current study. Patients were sub-classified into LC group without HCC (n = 40), LC with HCC (n = 39), and 15 apparently healthy controls. Monocyte subsets frequencies were assessed by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p expression. RESULTS Hsa-miR-21-5p correlated with intermediate monocytes (r = 0.30, p = 0.007), while hsa-miR-155-5p negatively correlated with non-classical monocytes (r = - 0.316, p = 0.005). ROC curve analysis revealed that combining intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21 yielded sensitivity = 79.5%, specificity = 75%, and AUC = 0.84. In comparison, AFP yielded a lower sensitivity = 69% and 100% specificity with AUC = 0.85. Logistic regression analysis proved that up-regulation of intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21-5p were independent risk factors for LC progression to HCC, after adjustment for co-founders. CONCLUSION Monocyte subsets differentiation in HCC was linked to hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p. Combined up-regulation of intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21-5p expression could be considered a sensitive indicator of LC progression to HCC. Circulating intermediate monocytes and hsa-miR-21-5p were independent risk factors for HCC evolution, clinically and in silico proved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Hammad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mona A Eldosoky
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Elmadbouly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Reda Badr Aglan
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibîn el Kôm, 35211, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sherihan G AbdelHamid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Samy Zaky
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Elham Ali
- Molecular Biology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
| | | | - Alshaimaa M Mosaad
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Neamat A Abdelmageed
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Kotb
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Hend G Kotb
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Hady
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Omaima I Abo-Elkheir
- Community Medicine and Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Sandy Kujumdshiev
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- DHGS German University of Health and Sport, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sack
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claude Lambert
- Cytometry Unit, Immunology Laboratory, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Étienne, Lyon, France
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Guo P, Lu Q, Hu S, Yang Y, Wang X, Yang X, Wang X. Daucosterol confers protection against T-2 toxin induced blood-brain barrier toxicity through the PGC-1α-mediated defensive response in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132262. [PMID: 37604032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a common environmental pollutant and contaminant in food and animal feed that represents a great challenge to human and animal' health throughout the world. Using natural compounds to prevent the detrimental effects of T-2 toxin represents an attractive strategy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is a critical regulator in various cellular processes. Recently, PGC-1α activation has been reported to confer protection against neurological injuries. We aimed to identify a potent PGC-1α activator from plants as a chemopreventive compound and to demonstrate the efficacy of the compound in attenuating T-2 toxin-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) toxicity. We identified daucosterol, which binds directly to the 71-74 (-1100 to -1000 bp) position of the second promoter of human PGC-1α by hydrogen bonding. An in vitro and in vivo T-2 toxin induced BBB injury model revealed that this compound can protect against this injury by increasing transepithelial/transendothelial electrical resistance, reducing sodium fluorescein (NaF) infiltration and increasing the expression of tight junction-related proteins (zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin (OCLN), claudin-5 (CLDN5)) expression. In conclusion, we identified daucosterol as representing a novel of PGC-1α activators and illustrated the mechanism of specific binding site. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the feasibility of using natural compounds targeting PGC-1α as a therapeutic approach to protect humans from environmental insults that may occur daily such as lipopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qirong Lu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Siyi Hu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yaqin Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Zhang JK, Li Y, Yu ZT, Jiang JW, Tang H, Tu GL, Xia Y. OIP5-AS1 Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Ischemic Stroke Through miR-155-5p/IRF2BP2 Axis. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1382-1394. [PMID: 36460840 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is a very dangerous disease with high incidence, fatality and disability rate in human beings. Massive evidence has indicated that oxidative stress and inflammation are intimately correlated with progression of ischemic stroke. Additionally, LncRNAs were reported to be involved in ischemic stroke. Here, we aim to explore the effects and molecular mechanism of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 on oxidative stress and inflammation in ischemic stroke. METHODS HMC3 and SH-SY5Y cells were under the condition of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment to establish cell models of ischemic stroke. Commercial kits were employed to detect the indicators of oxidative stress including ROS, MDA and SOD. The expression of OIP5-AS1, miR-155-5p and IRF2BP2 mRNA was determined using RT-qPCR. The protein levels of inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and IRF2BP2 were assessed by western blot and/or ELISA. Luciferase activity assay was employed to validate their correlations among OIP5-AS1, miR-155-5p and IRF2BP2. RESULTS In OGD/R-induced HMC3 and SH-SY5Y cells, the expression of OIP5-AS1 and IRF2BP2 was reduced while miR-155-5p was elevated. OGD/R induction promoted oxidative stress and inflammatory response in HMC3 and SH-SY5Y cells, while OIP5-AS1 or IRF2BP2 sufficiency as well as miR-155-5p inhibitor attenuated OGD/R-induced these influences. In addition, IRF2BP2 knockdown abolished the suppressive impacts of OIP5-AS1 overexpression on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in OGD/R-induced HMC3 and SH-SY5Y cells. Mechanistically, OIP5-AS1 enhanced IRF2BP2 expression via sponging miR-155-5p. CONCLUSION OIP5-AS1 suppressed oxidative stress and inflammatory response to alleviate cell injury caused by OGD/R induction in HMC3 and SH-SY5Y cells through regulating miR-155-5p/IRF2BP2 axis, which might offer novel targeted molecules for ischemic stroke therapy.
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You L, Wang X, Wu W, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Kuca K. HIF-1α inhibits T-2 toxin-mediated "immune evasion" process by negatively regulating PD-1/PD-L1. Toxicology 2022; 480:153324. [PMID: 36115646 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Trichothecene mycotoxins have a strong immunosuppressive effect, which may even escape host immune surveillance and damage the immune repair to show an "immune evasion" effect. Increasing lines of evidence have shown that hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key mediators of trichothecenes, and these toxins appear to be closely related to the "immune evasion" mechanisms. Therefore, we used RAW264.7 cell model to explore the association of T-2 toxins with "immune evasion" process and hypoxia, as well as their cross-linking effects induced by T-2 toxin. Our results showed that HIF-1α is an important toxicity target of T-2 toxin, which could induce intracellular hypoxia. T-2 toxin induced an "immune evasion" process by activating the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. Interestingly, when HIF-1α activation was blocked, the "immune evasion" process regulated by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling was activated, resulting in the cells damage, suggesting that hypoxia induced by T-2 toxin plays a protective role for RAW264.7 cell damage. Thus, our work shows that HIF-1α inhibits T-2 toxin-mediated "immune evasion" process by negatively regulating PD-1/PD-L1signaling. This study contributes to a better understanding of the immunotoxicity mechanism of trichothecenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li You
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; College of Physical Education and Health, Chongqing College of International Business and Economics, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Sun Y, Huang K, Long M, Yang S, Zhang Y. An update on immunotoxicity and mechanisms of action of six environmental mycotoxins. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 163:112895. [PMID: 35219766 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Paradoxically, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxin (T-2), fumonisin B1 (FB1), and zearalenone (ZEA) have both immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory effects. The immunotoxicity of six mycotoxins exhibits immune suppression or stimulation, which depends on multiple factors. Low doses of mycotoxins can induce an inflammatory response, but elevated levels of ones can induce immunosuppression; long-term instead of short-term mycotoxin exposure is immunosuppressive. These six mycotoxins play anti-inflammatory roles when the immunologic stimulants are present but pro-inflammatory roles when the immunologic stimulants are absent. Pigs are most sensitive animals to mycotoxins, followed by humans and poultry, rodent, and marine organism, and ruminants are the least susceptible. Female animals are more susceptible to mycotoxins than male ones. The immunosuppresion mechanism of mycotoxins are mainly in, oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, as well as inhibits the immunity-related signal pathways; and AFB1, OTA, DON, and T-2 induce immunostimulation via directly activating the TLRs/NF-κB pathway and other crossing pathways including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). This review strongly dispels the viewpoint that "immunotoxicity is equivalent to immunosuppression", clearly demonstrates the mechanistic pathway and how it contributes to immunosuppression or immunostimulation, thereby providing reliable references for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Sun
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Miao Long
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Shuhua Yang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Xu M, Li Y, Tang Y, Zhao X, Xie D, Chen M. Increased Expression of miR-155 in Peripheral Blood and Wound Margin Tissue of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Associated with Diabetic Foot Ulcer. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3415-3428. [PMID: 36353665 PMCID: PMC9639392 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s376292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the correlations of miR-155 expression in the peripheral blood and wound margin tissue of patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and explore the clinical value of miR-155 as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment outcomes of DFU. METHODS Sixty newly diagnosed T2DM patients without DFU (T2DM group), 112 T2DM patients with DFU (DFU group), and 60 healthy controls (NC group) were included. MiR-155 levels in the peripheral blood and wound margin tissue were determined by quantitative real-time PCR, while clinical features and risk factors of DFU were explored. Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether miR-155 expression was an independent risk factor for DFU. The diagnostic effectiveness of miR-155 level on DFU was evaluated using ROC curve analysis. RESULTS A significant decrease in the expression level of miR-155 was observed in T2DM group compared with NC group (P < 0.05), while a markedly increased miR-155 expression level was noted in DFU group compared with T2DM group (P < 0.01). Moreover, there was a negative correlation between the expression levels of miR-155 with healing rate of DFU. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the cumulative rate of unhealed DFU in miR-155 high expression group is higher than that in miR-155 low expression group, both in peripheral blood and wound margin tissue (log rank, P = 0.004, P < 0.001, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that a high expression of miR-155 was an independent risk factor for DFU. The ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC of miR-155 for the diagnosis of DFU was 0.794, with the optimum sensitivity being 96.82% and the optimum specificity of 95.93%. CONCLUSION The increased expression of miR-155 in peripheral blood of T2DM patients is closely related to the occurrence of DFU. MiR-155 is a potentially valuable biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yutong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Mingwei Chen, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-551-2923631, Fax +86-551-2922160, Email
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Rong X, Jiang Y, Li F, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zhao S, Guan X, Li D. Close association between the synergistic toxicity of zearalenone-deoxynivalenol combination and microRNA221-mediated PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling in HepG2 cells. Toxicology 2022; 468:153104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Voelz C, Ebrahimy N, Zhao W, Habib P, Zendedel A, Pufe T, Beyer C, Slowik A. Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Leads to miRNA Alterations in Different Brain Regions, Blood Serum, Liver, and Spleen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010161. [PMID: 35008586 PMCID: PMC8745086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is characterized by an occlusion of a cerebral blood vessel resulting in neuronal cell death due to nutritional and oxygen deficiency. Additionally, post-ischemic cell death is augmented after reperfusion. These events are paralleled by dysregulated miRNA expression profiles in the peri-infarct area. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism in the peri-infarct region is crucial for developing promising therapeutics. Utilizing a tMCAo (transient Middle Cerebral Artery occlusion) model in rats, we studied the expression levels of the miRNAs (miR) 223-3p, 155-5p, 3473, and 448-5p in the cortex, amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus of both the ipsi- and contralateral hemispheres. Additionally, the levels in the blood serum, spleen, and liver and the expression of their target genes, namely, Nlrp3, Socs1, Socs3, and Vegfa, were assessed. We observed an increase in all miRNAs on the ipsilateral side of the cerebral cortex in a time-dependent manner and increased miRNAs levels (miR-223-3p, miR-3473, and miR-448-5p) in the contralateral hemisphere after 72 h. Besides the cerebral cortex, the amygdala presented increased expression levels, whereas the thalamus and hippocampus showed no alterations. Different levels of the investigated miRNAs were detected in blood serum, liver, and spleen. The gene targets were altered not only in the peri-infarct area of the cortex but selectively increased in the investigated non-affected brain regions along with the spleen and liver during the reperfusion time up to 72 h. Our results suggest a supra-regional influence of miRNAs following ischemic stroke, which should be studied to further identify whether miRNAs are transported or locally upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Voelz
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Nahal Ebrahimy
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Weiyi Zhao
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Pardes Habib
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- JARA-BRAIN Institute of Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Adib Zendedel
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Cordian Beyer
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Alexander Slowik
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)241-80-89112
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An update on T-2 toxin and its modified forms: metabolism, immunotoxicity mechanism, and human exposure assessment. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3645-3669. [PMID: 32910237 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is the most toxic trichothecene mycotoxin, and it exerts potent toxic effects, including immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. Recently, several novel metabolites, including 3',4'-dihydroxy-T-2 toxin and 4',4'-dihydroxy-T-2 toxin, have been uncovered. The enzymes CYP3A4 and carboxylesterase contribute to T-2 toxin metabolism, with 3'-hydroxy-T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin as the corresponding primary products. Modified forms of T-2 toxin, including T-2-3-glucoside, exert their immunotoxic effects by signaling through JAK/STAT but not MAPK. T-2-3-glucoside results from hydrolyzation of the corresponding parent mycotoxin and other metabolites by the intestinal microbiota, which leads to enhanced toxicity. Increasing evidence has shown that autophagy, hypoxia-inducible factors, and exosomes are involved in T-2 toxin-induced immunotoxicity. Autophagy promotes the immunosuppression induced by T-2 toxin, and a complex crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy exists. Very recently, "immune evasion" activity was reported to be associated with this toxin; this activity is initiated inside cells and allows pathogens to escape the host immune response. Moreover, T-2 toxin has the potential to trigger hypoxia in cells, which is related to activation of hypoxia-inducible factor and the release of exosomes, leading to immunotoxicity. Based on the data from a series of human exposure studies, free T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, and HT-2-4-glucuronide should be considered human T-2 toxin biomarkers in the urine. The present review focuses on novel findings related to the metabolism, immunotoxicity, and human exposure assessment of T-2 toxin and its modified forms. In particular, the immunotoxicity mechanisms of T-2 toxin and the toxicity mechanism of its modified form, as well as human T-2 toxin biomarkers, are discussed. This work will contribute to an improved understanding of the immunotoxicity mechanism of T-2 toxin and its modified forms.
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