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Wang F, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Keshavarzi M. The microRNA Let-7 and its exosomal form: Epigenetic regulators of gynecological cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:42. [PMID: 38836981 PMCID: PMC11153289 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Many types of gynecological cancer (GC) are often silent until they reach an advanced stage, and are therefore often diagnosed too late for effective treatment. Hence, there is a real need for more efficient diagnosis and treatment for patients with GC. During recent years, researchers have increasingly studied the impact of microRNAs cancer development, leading to a number of applications in detection and treatment. MicroRNAs are a particular group of tiny RNA molecules that regulate regular gene expression by affecting the translation process. The downregulation of numerous miRNAs has been observed in human malignancies. Let-7 is an example of a miRNA that controls cellular processes as well as signaling cascades to affect post-transcriptional gene expression. Recent research supports the hypothesis that enhancing let-7 expression in those cancers where it is downregulated may be a potential treatment option. Exosomes are tiny vesicles that move through body fluids and can include components like miRNAs (including let-7) that are important for communication between cells. Studies proved that exosomes are able to enhance tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, metastasis, and immune evasion, thus suggesting their importance in GC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chundi Zhou
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Cheng C, Yao H, Li H, Liu J, Liu Z, Wu Y, Zhu L, Hu H, Fang Z, Wu L. Blockade of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP48 degrades oncogenic HMGA2 and inhibits colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1624-1643. [PMID: 38572092 PMCID: PMC10985028 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
HMGA2, a pivotal transcription factor, functions as a versatile regulator implicated in the progression of diverse aggressive malignancies. In this study, mass spectrometry was employed to identify ubiquitin-specific proteases that potentially interact with HMGA2, and USP48 was identified as a deubiquitinating enzyme of HMGA2. The enforced expression of USP48 significantly increased HMGA2 protein levels by inhibiting its degradation, while the deprivation of USP48 promoted HMGA2 degradation, thereby suppressing tumor invasion and metastasis. We discovered that USP48 undergoes SUMOylation at lysine 258, which enhances its binding affinity to HMGA2. Through subsequent phenotypic screening of small molecules, we identified DUB-IN-2 as a remarkably potent pharmacological inhibitor of USP48. Interestingly, the small-molecule inhibitor targeting USP48 induces destabilization of HMGA2. Clinically, upregulation of USP48 or HMGA2 in cancerous tissues is indicative of poor prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Collectively, our study not only elucidates the regulatory mechanism of DUBs involved in HMGA2 stability and validates USP48 as a potential therapeutic target for CRC, but also identifies DUB-IN-2 as a potent inhibitor of USP48 and a promising candidate for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hanhui Yao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Heng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Department of Comprehensive Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, West District of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Anhui Provincial Hospital Health Management Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hejie Hu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Zhengdong Fang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
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3
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Ueda K, Ikeda K. Cellular carcinogenesis in preleukemic conditions:drivers and defenses. Fukushima J Med Sci 2024; 70:11-24. [PMID: 37952978 PMCID: PMC10867434 DOI: 10.5387/fms.2023-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises from preleukemic conditions. We have investigated the pathogenesis of typical preleukemia, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and clonal hematopoiesis. Hematopoietic stem cells in both preleukemic conditions harbor recurrent driver mutations; additional mutation provokes further malignant transformation, leading to AML onset. Although genetic alterations are defined as the main cause of malignant transformation, non-genetic factors are also involved in disease progression. In this review, we focus on a non-histone chromatin protein, high mobility group AT-hook2 (HMGA2), and a physiological p53 inhibitor, murine double minute X (MDMX). HMGA2 is mainly overexpressed by dysregulation of microRNAs or mutations in polycomb components, and provokes expansion of preleukemic clones through stem cell signature disruption. MDMX is overexpressed by altered splicing balance in myeloid malignancies. MDMX induces leukemic transformation from preleukemia via suppression of p53 and p53-independent activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling. We also discuss how these non-genetic factors can be targeted for leukemia prevention therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Ueda
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Kazuhiko Ikeda
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University
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4
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Zhao C, Li X, Pan X, Xu J, Jiang R, Li Y. LINC02532 by Mediating miR-541-3p/HMGA1 Axis Exerts a Tumor Promoter in Breast cancer. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00995-6. [PMID: 38030946 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The newly discovered LINC02532 is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers and promotes cancer progression. The research proposed to discover the biological and molecular mechanisms of LINC02532 in breast cancer (BCa). In the resected BCa tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues, LINC02532, miR-541-3p, and High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) levels were determined. Cell function experiments were carried out on the premise of cell transfection with relevant plasmids. Based on that, the influence of LINC02532, miR-541-3p, and HMGA1 on MCF-7 cell activities (proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis) was determined, as well as on EMT. Additionally, animal experiments were allowed to support cell experimental conclusions on LINC02532. Finally, the mechanistic network of LINC02532, miR-541-3p, and HMGA1 was identified. It was BCa tissues highly expressing LINC02532 and HMGA1, while lowly expressing miR-541-3p. Functionally, LINC02532 depletion repressed the activities and EMT process of MCF-7 cells. Silencing LINC02532 delayed tumor growth in mice. In terms of mechanism, LINC02532 mainly existed in the cytoplasm and could mediate HMGA1 expression by absorbing miR-541-3p. The findings offer new insights into the molecular mechanisms of LINC02532 in BCa and, more importantly, new strategies for the clinical treatment of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunMing Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan City, 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - XueQiang Pan
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan City, 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - JiaWen Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan City, 250021, Shandong Province, China.
| | - YuYang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan City, 250021, Shandong Province, China.
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5
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Mori M, Ghirga F, Amato B, Secco L, Quaglio D, Romeo I, Gambirasi M, Bergamo A, Covaceuszach S, Sgarra R, Botta B, Manfioletti G. Selection of Natural Compounds with HMGA-Interfering Activities and Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32424-32431. [PMID: 37720761 PMCID: PMC10500574 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
HMGA proteins are intrinsically disordered (ID) chromatin architectural factors characterized by three DNA binding domains (AT-hooks) that allow them to bind into the DNA minor groove of AT-rich stretches. HMGA are functionally involved in regulating transcription, RNA processing, DNA repair, and chromatin remodeling and dynamics. These proteins are highly expressed and play essential functions during embryonic development. They are almost undetectable in adult tissues but are re-expressed at high levels in all cancers where they are involved in neoplastic transformation and cancer progression. We focused on identifying new small molecules capable of binding into the minor groove of AT-rich DNA sequences that could compete with HMGA for DNA binding and, thus, potentially interfere with their activities. Here, a docking-based virtual screening of a unique high diversity in-house library composed of around 1000 individual natural products identified 16 natural compounds as potential minor groove binders that could inhibit the interaction between HMGA and DNA. To verify the ability of these selected compounds to compete with HMGA proteins, we screened them using electrophoretic mobility shift assays. We identified Sorocein C, a Diels-Alder (D-A)-type adducts, isolated from Sorocea ilicifolia and Sorocea bonplandii with an HMGA/DNA-displacing activity and compared its activity with that of two structurally related compounds, Sorocein A and Sorocein B. All these compounds showed a cytotoxicity effect on cancer cells, suggesting that the Sorocein-structural family may provide new and yet unexplored chemotypes for the development of minor groove binders to be evaluated as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Mori
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Beatrice Amato
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Luca Secco
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Isabella Romeo
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Marta Gambirasi
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Alberta Bergamo
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Sonia Covaceuszach
- Institute
of Crystallography, National Research Council, Trieste Outstation, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
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Chang X, Liu J, Yang Q, Gao Y, Ding X, Zhao J, Li Y, Liu Z, Li Z, Wu Y, Zuo D. Targeting HMGA1 contributes to immunotherapy in aggressive breast cancer while suppressing EMT. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115582. [PMID: 37146833 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is an obstacle to the clinical treatment of aggressive breast cancer (BC). Studies have shown that high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is abnormally expressed in various cancers and mediates tumor proliferation and metastasis. Here, we provided more evidence that HMGA1 mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in aggressive BC. More importantly, HMGA1 knockdown enhanced antitumor immunity and improved the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy by upregulating programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Simultaneously, we revealed a novel mechanism by which HMGA1 and PD-L1 were regulated by the PD-L1/HMGA1/Wnt/β-catenin negative feedback loop in aggressive BC. Taken together, we believe that HMGA1 can serve as a target for the dual role of anti-metastasis and enhancing immunotherapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jingang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, China
| | - Xiaofei Ding
- Department of pharmacology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, 1139 Shi-Fu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Junjun Zhao
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
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7
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Campbell T, Hawsawi O, Henderson V, Dike P, Hwang BJ, Liadi Y, White EZ, Zou J, Wang G, Zhang Q, Bowen N, Scott D, Hinton CV, Odero-Marah V. Novel roles for HMGA2 isoforms in regulating oxidative stress and sensitizing to RSL3-Induced ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14810. [PMID: 37113783 PMCID: PMC10126861 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is increased in several cancers including prostate cancer, and is currently being exploited in cancer therapy to induce ferroptosis, a novel nonapoptotic form of cell death. High mobility group A2 (HMGA2), a non-histone protein up-regulated in several cancers, can be truncated due to chromosomal rearrangement or alternative splicing of HMGA2 gene. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of wild-type vs. truncated HMGA2 in prostate cancer (PCa). We analyzed the expression of wild-type vs. truncated HMGA2 and showed that prostate cancer patient tissue and some cell lines expressed increasing amounts of both wild-type and truncated HMGA2 with increasing tumor grade, compared to normal epithelial cells. RNA-Seq analysis of LNCaP prostate cancer cells stably overexpressing wild-type HMGA2 (HMGA2-WT), truncated HMGA2 (HMGA2-TR) or empty vector (Neo) control revealed that HMGA2-TR cells exhibited higher oxidative stress compared to HMGA2-WT or Neo control cells, which was also confirmed by analysis of basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels using 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) dye, the ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and NADP/NADPH using metabolomics. This was associated with increased sensitivity to RAS-selective lethal 3 (RSL3)-induced ferroptosis that could be antagonized by ferrostatin-1. Additionally, proteomic and immunoprecipitation analyses showed that cytoplasmic HMGA2 protein interacted with Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1), a cytoplasmic stress granule protein that responds to oxidative stress, and that G3BP1 transient knockdown increased sensitivity to ferroptosis even further. Endogenous knockdown of HMGA2 or G3BP1 in PC3 cells reduced proliferation which was reversed by ferrostatin-1. In conclusion, we show a novel role for HMGA2 in oxidative stress, particularly the truncated HMGA2, which may be a therapeutic target for ferroptosis-mediated prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taaliah Campbell
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Ohuod Hawsawi
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Veronica Henderson
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Precious Dike
- Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
| | - Bor-Jang Hwang
- Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
| | - Yusuf Liadi
- Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
| | - ElShaddai Z. White
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Jin Zou
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - GuangDi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Nathan Bowen
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Derrick Scott
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, 19901, USA
| | - Cimona V. Hinton
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Valerie Odero-Marah
- Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
- Corresponding author. Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA.
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Aberrant HMGA2 Expression Sustains Genome Instability That Promotes Metastasis and Therapeutic Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061735. [PMID: 36980621 PMCID: PMC10046046 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, accounting for nearly ~10% of all cancer diagnoses and deaths. Current therapeutic approaches have considerably increased survival for patients diagnosed at early stages; however, ~20% of CRC patients are diagnosed with late-stage, metastatic CRC, where 5-year survival rates drop to 6–13% and treatment options are limited. Genome instability is an enabling hallmark of cancer that confers increased acquisition of genetic alterations, mutations, copy number variations and chromosomal rearrangements. In that regard, research has shown a clear association between genome instability and CRC, as the accumulation of aberrations in cancer-related genes provides subpopulations of cells with several advantages, such as increased proliferation rates, metastatic potential and therapeutic resistance. Although numerous genes have been associated with CRC, few have been validated as predictive biomarkers of metastasis or therapeutic resistance. A growing body of evidence suggests a member of the High-Mobility Group A (HMGA) gene family, HMGA2, is a potential biomarker of metastatic spread and therapeutic resistance. HMGA2 is expressed in embryonic tissues and is frequently upregulated in aggressively growing cancers, including CRC. As an architectural, non-histone chromatin binding factor, it initiates chromatin decompaction to facilitate transcriptional regulation. HMGA2 maintains the capacity for stem cell renewal in embryonic and cancer tissues and is a known promoter of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells. This review will focus on the known molecular mechanisms by which HMGA2 exerts genome protective functions that contribute to cancer cell survival and chemoresistance in CRC.
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9
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Gaudreau-Lapierre A, Klonisch T, Nicolas H, Thanasupawat T, Trinkle-Mulcahy L, Hombach-Klonisch S. Nuclear High Mobility Group A2 (HMGA2) Interactome Revealed by Biotin Proximity Labeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044246. [PMID: 36835656 PMCID: PMC9966875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-histone chromatin binding protein High Mobility Group AT-hook protein 2 (HMGA2) has important functions in chromatin remodeling, and genome maintenance and protection. Expression of HMGA2 is highest in embryonic stem cells, declines during cell differentiation and cell aging, but it is re-expressed in some cancers, where high HMGA2 expression frequently coincides with a poor prognosis. The nuclear functions of HMGA2 cannot be explained by binding to chromatin alone but involve complex interactions with other proteins that are incompletely understood. The present study used biotin proximity labeling, followed by proteomic analysis, to identify the nuclear interaction partners of HMGA2. We tested two different biotin ligase HMGA2 constructs (BioID2 and miniTurbo) with similar results, and identified known and new HMGA2 interaction partners, with functionalities mainly in chromatin biology. These HMGA2 biotin ligase fusion constructs offer exciting new possibilities for interactome discovery research, enabling the monitoring of nuclear HMGA2 interactomes during drug treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Gaudreau-Lapierre
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Thomas Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology (RIOH), CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Hannah Nicolas
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Thatchawan Thanasupawat
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Laura Trinkle-Mulcahy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Sabine Hombach-Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-204-789-3982; Fax: +1-204-789-3920
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10
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HMGA1 Regulates the Expression of Replication-Dependent Histone Genes and Cell-Cycle in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010594. [PMID: 36614035 PMCID: PMC9820469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the primary cause of cancer mortality in women and the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype characterized by poor differentiation and high proliferative properties. High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is an oncogenic factor involved in the onset and progression of the neoplastic transformation in BC. Here, we unraveled that the replication-dependent-histone (RD-HIST) gene expression is enriched in BC tissues and correlates with HMGA1 expression. We explored the role of HMGA1 in modulating the RD-HIST genes expression in TNBC cells and show that MDA-MB-231 cells, depleted of HMGA1, express low levels of core histones. We show that HMGA1 participates in the activation of the HIST1H4H promoter and that it interacts with the nuclear protein of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated locus (NPAT), the coordinator of the transcription of the RD-HIST genes. Moreover, we demonstrate that HMGA1 silencing increases the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase both in TNBC and epirubicin resistant TNBC cells. Moreover, HMGA1 silencing causes an increase in epirubicin IC50 both in parental and epirubicin resistant cells thus suggesting that targeting HMGA1 could affect the efficacy of epirubicin treatment.
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11
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Wu Z, Huang Y, Yuan W, Wu X, Shi H, Lu M, Xu A. Expression, tumor immune infiltration, and prognostic impact of HMGs in gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1056917. [PMID: 36568211 PMCID: PMC9780705 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1056917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the past decade, considerable research efforts on gastric cancer (GC) have been expended, however, little advancement has been made owing to the lack of effective biomarkers and treatment options. Herein, we aimed to examine the levels of expression, mutations, and clinical relevance of HMGs in GC to provide sufficient scientific evidence for clinical decision-making and risk management. Methods GC samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) XENA, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, STRING, LinkedOmics, and DAVID databases were employed. The "ggplot2" package in the R software (×64 3.6.3) was used to thoroughly analyze the effects of HMGs. qRT-PCR was performed to assess HMG levels in GC cell lines. Results A total of 375 GC tissues and 32 paraneoplastic tissues were analyzed. The levels of HMGA1, HMGA2, HMGB1, HMGB2, HMGB3, HMGN1, HMGN2, and HMGN4 expression were increased in GC tissues relative to normal gastric tissues. HMGA1, HMGA2, HMGB1, HMGB2, and HMGB3 were highly expressed in GC cell lines. The OS was significantly different in the group showing low expressions of HMGA1, HMGA2, HMGB1, HMGB2, HMGB3, HMGN2, HMGN3, and HMGN5. There was a significant difference in RFS between the groups with low HMGA2, HMGB3, and high HMGN2 expression. The levels of HMGA2, HMGB3, and HMGN1 had a higher accuracy for prediction to distinguish GC from normal tissues (AUC value > 0.9). HMGs were tightly associated with immune infiltration and tumor immune escape and antitumor immunity most likely participates in HMG-mediated oncogenesis in GC. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that HMGs played a vital role in the cell cycle pathway. Conclusions Our results strongly suggest a vital role of HMGs in GC. HMGA2 and HMGB3 could be potential markers for prognostic prediction and treatment targets for GC by interrupting the cell cycle pathway. Our findings might provide renewed perspectives for the selection of prognostic biomarkers among HMGs in GC and may contribute to the determination of the optimal strategy for the treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of General Surgery, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of General Surgery, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weiwei Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of General Surgery, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiong Wu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, PR China, State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Aman Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of General Surgery, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
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12
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Li DK, Chen XR, Wang LN, Wang JH, Li JK, Zhou ZY, Li X, Cai LB, Zhong SS, Zhang JJ, Zeng YM, Zhang QB, Fu XY, Lyu XM, Li MY, Huang ZX, Yao KT. Exosomal HMGA2 protein from EBV-positive NPC cells destroys vascular endothelial barriers and induces endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition to promote metastasis. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1439-1451. [PMID: 35388172 PMCID: PMC9576596 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Increased vascular permeability facilitates metastasis. Cancer-secreted exosomes are emerging mediators of cancer-host crosstalk. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), identified as the first human tumor-associated virus, plays a crucial role in metastatic tumors, especially in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To date, whether and how exosomes from EBV-infected NPC cells affect vascular permeability remains unclear. Here, we show that exosomes from EBV-positive NPC cells, but not exosomes from EBV-negative NPC cells, destroy endothelial cell tight junction (TJ) proteins, which are natural barriers against metastasis, and promote endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in endothelial cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that the level of HMGA2 protein was higher in exosomes derived from EBV-positive NPC cells compared with that in exosomes derived from EBV-negative NPC cells. Depletion of HMGA2 in exosomes derived from EBV-positive NPC cells attenuates endothelial cell dysfunction and tumor cell metastasis. In contrast, exosomes from HMGA2 overexpressing EBV-negative NPC cells promoted these processes. Furthermore, we showed that HMGA2 upregulates the expression of Snail, which contributes to TJ proteins reduction and EndMT in endothelial cells. Moreover, the level of HMGA2 in circulating exosomes is significantly higher in NPC patients with metastasis than in those without metastasis and healthy negative controls, and the level of HMGA2 in tumor cells is associated with TJ and EndMT protein expression in endothelial cells. Collectively, our findings suggest exosomal HMGA2 from EBV-positive NPC cells promotes tumor metastasis by targeting multiple endothelial TJ and promoting EndMT, which highlights secreted HMGA2 as a potential therapeutic target and a predictive marker for NPC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Ke Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xing-Rui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Li-Na Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Jia-Hong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ji-Ke Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zi-Ying Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, the Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Lin-Bo Cai
- Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, 510510, China
| | | | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528403, China
| | - Yu-Mei Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Tumor Hospital of Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528403, China
| | - Qian-Bing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, People's Liberation Army of China, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Lyu
- Department of laboratory medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Min-Ying Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528403, China.
| | - Zhong-Xi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Kai-Tai Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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13
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De Ravin SS, Liu S, Sweeney CL, Brault J, Whiting-Theobald N, Ma M, Liu T, Choi U, Lee J, O'Brien SA, Quackenbush P, Estwick T, Karra A, Docking E, Kwatemaa N, Guo S, Su L, Sun Z, Zhou S, Puck J, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Kang E, Malech HL, Wu X. Lentivector cryptic splicing mediates increase in CD34+ clones expressing truncated HMGA2 in human X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3710. [PMID: 35764638 PMCID: PMC9240040 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID-X1) due to IL2RG mutations is potentially fatal in infancy where 'emergency' life-saving stem cell transplant may only achieve incomplete immune reconstitution following transplant. Salvage therapy SCID-X1 patients over 2 years old (NCT01306019) is a non-randomized, open-label, phase I/II clinical trial for administration of lentiviral-transduced autologous hematopoietic stem cells following busulfan (6 mg/kg total) conditioning. The primary and secondary objectives assess efficacy in restoring immunity and safety by vector insertion site analysis (VISA). In this ongoing study (19 patients treated), we report VISA in blood lineages from first eight treated patients with longer follow up found a > 60-fold increase in frequency of forward-orientated VIS within intron 3 of the High Mobility Group AT-hook 2 gene. All eight patients demonstrated emergence of dominant HMGA2 VIS clones in progenitor and myeloid lineages, but without disturbance of hematopoiesis. Our molecular analysis demonstrated a cryptic splice site within the chicken β-globin hypersensitivity 4 insulator element in the vector generating truncated mRNA transcripts from many transcriptionally active gene containing forward-oriented intronic vector insert. A two base-pair change at the splice site within the lentiviral vector eliminated splicing activity while retaining vector functional capability. This highlights the importance of functional analysis of lentivectors for cryptic splicing for preclinical safety assessment and a redesign of clinical vectors to improve safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk See De Ravin
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Colin L Sweeney
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Julie Brault
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Narda Whiting-Theobald
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michelle Ma
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Taylor Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Uimook Choi
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Janet Lee
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sandra Anaya O'Brien
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Priscilla Quackenbush
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tyra Estwick
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anita Karra
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ethan Docking
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nana Kwatemaa
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shuang Guo
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Ling Su
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Zhonghe Sun
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Experimental Cell Therapeutics Lab, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jennifer Puck
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Morton J Cowan
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Harry L Malech
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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14
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Sgubin M, Pegoraro S, Pellarin I, Ros G, Sgarra R, Piazza S, Baldassarre G, Belletti B, Manfioletti G. HMGA1 positively regulates the microtubule-destabilizing protein stathmin promoting motility in TNBC cells and decreasing tumour sensitivity to paclitaxel. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:429. [PMID: 35504904 PMCID: PMC9065117 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) is an architectural chromatin factor involved in the regulation of gene expression and a master regulator in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). In TNBC, HMGA1 is overexpressed and coordinates a gene network that controls cellular processes involved in tumour development, progression, and metastasis formation. Here, we find that the expression of HMGA1 and of the microtubule-destabilizing protein stathmin correlates in breast cancer (BC) patients. We demonstrate that HMGA1 depletion leads to a downregulation of stathmin expression and activity on microtubules resulting in decreased TNBC cell motility. We show that this pathway is mediated by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27kip1 (p27). Indeed, the silencing of HMGA1 expression in TNBC cells results both in an increased p27 protein stability and p27-stathmin binding. When the expression of both HMGA1 and p27 is silenced, we observe a significant rescue in cell motility. These data, obtained in cellular models, were validated in BC patients. In fact, we find that patients with high levels of both HMGA1 and stathmin and low levels of p27 have a statistically significant lower survival probability in terms of relapse-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) with respect to the patient group with low HMGA1, low stathmin, and high p27 expression levels. Finally, we show in an in vivo xenograft model that depletion of HMGA1 chemo-sensitizes tumour cells to paclitaxel, a drug that is commonly used in TNBC treatments. This study unveils a new interaction among HMGA1, p27, and stathmin that is critical in BC cell migration. Moreover, our data suggest that taxol-based treatments may be more effective in reducing the tumour burden when tumour cells express low levels of HMGA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Sgubin
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy ,grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Silvia Pegoraro
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pellarin
- grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Gloria Ros
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy ,grid.5970.b0000 0004 1762 9868Present Address: International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Area of Neuroscience Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- grid.425196.d0000 0004 1759 4810International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gustavo Baldassarre
- grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Belletti
- grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Guidalberto Manfioletti
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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15
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Huldani H, Jasim SA, Sergeenva KN, Bokov DO, Abdelbasset WK, Turakulov R, Al-Gazally ME, Ahmadzadeh B, Jawhar ZH, Siahmansouri H. Mechanisms of cancer stem cells drug resistance and the pivotal role of HMGA2. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 234:153906. [PMID: 35468338 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the focus of researchers is on perceiving the heterogeneity observed in a tumor. The researchers studied the role of a specific subset of cancer cells with high resistance to traditional treatments, recurrence, and unregulated metastasis. This small population of tumor cells that have stem-cell-like specifications was named Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). The unique features that distinguish this type of cancer cell are self-renewing, generating clones of the tumor, plasticity, recurrence, and resistance to therapies. There are various mechanisms that contribute to the drug resistance of CSCs, such as CSCs markers, Epithelial mesenchymal transition, hypoxia, other cells, inflammation, and signaling pathways. Recent investigations have revealed the primary role of HMGA2 in the development and invasion of cancer cells. Importantly, HMGA2 also plays a key role in resistance to treatment through their function in the drug resistance mechanisms of CSCs and challenge it. Therefore, a deep understanding of this issue can provide a clearer perspective for researchers in the face of this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huldani Huldani
- Department of Physiology, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Borneo, Indonesia
| | - Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar-Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Klunko Nataliya Sergeenva
- Department of post-graduate and doctoral programs, Russian New University, Building 5, Radio Street, Moscow City, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., Bldg. 2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rustam Turakulov
- Department of Internal diseases, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Behnam Ahmadzadeh
- Doctoral School of the University of Szczecin, Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Zanko Hassan Jawhar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Homayoon Siahmansouri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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16
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Zhang K, Qi Y, Wang M, Chen Q. Long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS2 modulates the proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switch of aortic smooth muscle cells in aortic dissection via sponging microRNA-33b. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6383-6395. [PMID: 35212609 PMCID: PMC8974049 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2041868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD), also known as aortic dissecting aneurysm, is one of the most common and dangerous cardiovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed to investigate the functional role of long non-coding RNA Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha-antisense RNA 2 (lncRNA HIF1A-AS2) in AD. An in vitro model of AD was established by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-mediated human aortic Smooth Muscle Cells (SMCs). HIF1A-AS2 expression in human AD tissues was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays, followed by investigation of biological roles of HIF1A-AS2 in AD development by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), immunofluorescence, and transwell assays. Additionally, the correlation between HIF1A-AS2, miR-33b, and high mobility group AT-hook2 (HMGA2) were identified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. Results showed that HIF1A-AS2 was obviously increased, while the contractile-phenotype markers of vascular SMCs were significantly decreased in human AD tissues, when compared to normal tissues. Inhibition of HIF1A-AS2 attenuated SMCs proliferation and migration, whereas enhanced the phenotypic switch under the stimulation of PDGF-BB. Results from RIP, RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-33b directly bound with HIF1A-AS2, and HIF1A-AS2 silencing suppressed the expression of HMGA2, which was induced by miR-33b inhibitor. In conclusion, knockdown of HIF1A-AS2 suppressed the proliferation and migration, while promoted the phenotypic switching of SMCs through miR-33b/HMGA2 axis, which laid a theoretical foundation for understanding the development of AD and shed light on a potential target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest HospitalTianjin, China , Tianjin China
| | - Yujuan Qi
- Department of Cardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingliang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest HospitalTianjin, China , Tianjin China
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17
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Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Zhu J, Wang X. Long noncoding RNA CRART16 confers 5-FU resistance in colorectal cancer cells by sponging miR-193b-5p. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:638. [PMID: 34844630 PMCID: PMC8628471 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is the main cause of treatment failure in advanced and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in 5-FU resistance. Previously, we first detected that lncRNA cetuximab resistance-associated RNA transcript 16 (CRART16) could contribute to cetuximab resistance by upregulating V-Erb-B2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homologue 3 (ERBB3) expression by sponging miR-371a-5p in CRC cells. The current study aimed to explore the role of CRART16 in acquired 5-FU resistance in CRC cells and its possible mechanism. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the expression levels of CRART16 in a 5-FU-resistant CRC cell subline (SW620/5-FU) and the parent cell line. Lentivirus transduction was performed to establish SW620 and Caco-2 cells stably overexpressing CRART16. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and colony formation assays were applied to measure cell chemosensitivity to 5-FU. Flow cytometric and immunofluorescence staining were adopted to assess cell apoptosis induced by 5-FU. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the direct interactions between CRART16 and miR-193b-5p and between miR-193b-5p and high-mobility group AT-hook-2 (HMGA2). The expression levels of HMGA2, apoptosis-associated proteins and p-ERK were examined by western blotting. The statistical differences within any two groups were used Student’s t test. Results CRART16 was upregulated in SW620/5-FU cells. Overexpression of CRART16 reduced the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU by attenuating apoptosis. In addition, CRART16 promoted 5-FU resistance by suppressing the expression of miR-193b-5p. Furthermore, CRART16 modulated the expression of HMGA2 by inhibiting miR-193b-5p and activated the MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusions CRART16 confers 5-FU resistance in CRC cells through the CRART16/miR-193b-5p/HMGA2/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Wang Z, Huang Y, Chu F, Ji S, Liao K, Cui Z, Chen J, Tang S. Clock Gene Nr1d1 Alleviates Retinal Inflammation Through Repression of Hmga2 in Microglia. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5901-5918. [PMID: 34795498 PMCID: PMC8594447 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s326091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of several retinal diseases. As one of the core clock genes, Nr1d1 has been reported to suppress inflammation in many diseases. We investigated whether pharmacological activation of Nr1d1 can inhibit retinal inflammation and delineated the mechanisms of Nr1d1 in alleviating microglia activation. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced mice models were used to examine the effects of SR9009 (agonist of NR1D1) treatment on inflammatory phenotypes in vivo. Anti-inflammatory effects of Nr1d1 and associated mechanisms were investigated in the BV2 microglia cell line, and in primary retinal microglia in vitro. Results SR9009 treatment alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory cell infiltration, elevated cytokine levels and morphological changes of the microglia in mice models. In LPS-stimulated BV2 cells and primary retinal microglia, SR9009 suppressed cytokine expressions by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, SR9009 treatment increased the levels of the M2 phenotype marker (CD206) and the proportions of ramified microglia. Suppression of Nr1d1 with siRNA reversed the inhibitory effects of SR9009 on cytokine production in BV2 cells. RNA-seq analysis showed that genes that were upregulated following Nr1d1 knockdown were enriched in inflammatory-associated biological processes. Subsequently, ChIP-seq of NR1D1 in BV2 was performed, and the results were integrated with RNA-seq results using the Binding and Expression Target Analysis (BETA) tool. Luciferase assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), qPCR and Western blotting assays revealed that NR1D1 binds the promoter of Hmga2 to suppress its transcription. Notably, overexpressed Hmga2 in activated microglia could partly abolish the anti-inflammatory effects of Nr1d1. Conclusion The clock gene Nr1d1 protects against retinal inflammation and microglia activation in part by suppressing Hmga2 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Aier Eye Institute, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhua Huang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Aier Eye Institute, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Feixue Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou Xihu Zhijiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangli Ji
- Aier Eye Institute, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liao
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Aier Eye Institute, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zekai Cui
- Aier Eye Institute, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Aier Eye Institute, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Aier Eye Institute, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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19
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Mei J, Dlamini MB, Gao Z, Jiang L, Li Q, Geng C, Shi X, Liu Y, Kong Y, Cao J. A requirement for autophagy in HMGA2-induced metabolic reprogramming to support Cd-induced migration. Toxicology 2021; 462:152928. [PMID: 34481905 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group A2 (HMGA2) is closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of tumors. But the mechanism is unclear. Metabolic reprogramming is a dominant way to meet anabolic and energy requirements of tumor cells for their survival, growth and proliferation. Here, we investigated the role of metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis mediated by HMGA2/autophagy axis in cadmium (Cd, CdCl2)-induced migration. First, we found that Cd induced glycolysis and reduced OXPHOS in vivo (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, i.p. or 0.8 and 1.6 μM, i.t.) and in vitro (2 μM in A549 cells and 0.05 μM in HELF cells). Then, genetic knockdown of HMGA2 restored Cd-reduced mitochondrial mass and OXPHOS and inhibited Cd-increased glycolysis, indicating that HMGA2 was involved in Cd-induced metabolic reprogramming. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2DG, 5 mM), the inhibitor of glycolysis decreased Cd/HMGA2-induced cell migration and restored Cd/HMGA2-decreased OXPHOS and mitochondrial mass. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-Methyladenine (3MA, 3 mM) elucidated an essential role of autophagy in HMGA2-induced glycolysis, migration, and HMGA2-reduced OXPHOS. Overall, our study demonstrated that autophagy was required for HMGA2-mediated metabolic reprogramming, which was critical for Cd-induced migration. Targeting HMGA2 and autophagy-dependent reprogrammed metabolism may be an effective way to inhibit Cd-induced cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Mei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Mongameli B Dlamini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zeyun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chengyan Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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20
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Zhang H, Wu X, Sui Z, Ma Z, Gong L, Meng B, Tang P, Yu Z. High-mobility group AT-hook 2 promotes growth and metastasis and is regulated by miR-204-5p in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13563. [PMID: 33901298 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the expression of high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) and miR-204-5p in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their biological roles in ESCC development and progression. METHODS HMGA2 and miR-204-5p expression levels in ESCC tissues and cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. ESCC cell lines were transfected with a small interfering RNA for HMGA2 and miR-204-5p mimic to downregulate and upregulate the expression levels of HMGA2 and miR-204-5p, respectively. The growth, migration and invasion abilities of ESCC cells were assessed by MTT, colony formation, wound-healing and Transwell assays, respectively. A luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine whether the 3'-untranslated coding regions of HMGA2 could be directly bound by miR-204-5p. RESULTS HMGA2 expression was markedly upregulated (P < .001), while miR-204-5p expression was markedly downregulated (P = .003) in ESCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. HMGA2 expression was correlated with tumour size, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and tumour-node-metastasis stage (all P < .05) and was identified as an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients. The expression levels of HMGA2 and miR-204-5p were negatively correlated (r2 = 0.609, P < .001). HMGA2 knockdown or miR-204-5p overexpression markedly inhibited ESCC cell growth, migration and invasion (P < .05). In addition, restoration of HMGA2 expression partly reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-204-5p overexpression on migration and invasion (P < .05). The luciferase reporter gene assay suggested that HMGA2 is a direct downstream target of miR-204-5p. CONCLUSION HMGA2 functions as an oncogene in the growth and metastasis of ESCC and is negatively regulated by miR-204-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdian Zhang
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianxian Wu
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhilin Sui
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
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21
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Mansoori B, Najafi S, Mohammadi A, AsadollahSeraj H, Savadi P, Mansoori B, Nazari A, Mokhtarzadeh A, Roshani E, Duijf PH, Cho WCS, Baradaran B. The synergy between miR-486-5p and tamoxifen causes profound cell death of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111925. [PMID: 34323695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of malignancy in women. A subset of breast cancers show resistance to endocrine-based therapies. The estrogen receptor (ER) plays a critical role in developing hormone-dependent BC. Loss of ER contributes to resistance to tamoxifen therapy and may contribute to mortality. Thus, it is crucial to overcome this problem. Here, using luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analyses, we demonstrate that the microRNA miR-486-5p targets HMGA1 mRNA, decreasing its mRNA and protein levels in ER-positive (ER+) BC cells. Consistently, miR-486-5p is significantly downregulated, whereas HMGA1 is considerably upregulated in ER+ BC samples. Remarkably, while both miR-486-5p and tamoxifen individually cause G2/M cell cycle arrest, combination treatment synergistically causes profound cell death, specifically in tamoxifen-resistant ER+ cells but not in tamoxifen-sensitive ER+ cells. Combined treatment with miR-486-5p and tamoxifen also additively reduces cell migration, invasion, colony formation, mammary spheroid formation and a CD24-CD44+ cell population, representing decreased cancer stemness. However, these phenomena are independent of the tamoxifen responsiveness of the ER+ BC cells. Thus, miR-486-5p and tamoxifen exhibit additive and synergistic tumor-suppressive effects, most importantly causing profound cell death specifically in tamoxifen-resistant BC cells. Therefore, our work suggests that combining miR-486-5p replacement therapy with tamoxifen treatment is a promising strategy to treat endocrine therapy-resistant BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mansoori
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Pouria Savadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mansoori
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Nazari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elmira Roshani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Pascal Hg Duijf
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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22
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Matsubara K, Matsubara Y, Uchikura Y, Takagi K, Yano A, Sugiyama T. HMGA1 Is a Potential Driver of Preeclampsia Pathogenesis by Interference with Extravillous Trophoblasts Invasion. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060822. [PMID: 34072941 PMCID: PMC8227282 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious disease that can be fatal for the mother and fetus. The two-stage theory has been proposed as its cause, with the first stage comprising poor placentation associated with the failure of fertilized egg implantation. Successful implantation and placentation require maternal immunotolerance of the fertilized egg as a semi-allograft and appropriate extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion of the decidua and myometrium. The disturbance of EVT invasion during implantation in PE results in impaired spiral artery remodeling. PE is thought to be caused by hypoxia during remodeling failure-derived poor placentation, which results in chronic inflammation. High-mobility group protein A (HMGA) is involved in the growth and invasion of cancer cells and likely in the growth and invasion of trophoblasts. Its mechanism of action is associated with immunotolerance. Thus, HMGA is thought to play a pivotal role in successful pregnancy, and its dysfunction may be related to the pathogenesis of PE. The evaluation of HMGA function and its changes in PE might confirm that it is a reliable biomarker of PE and provide prospects for PE treatment through the induction of EVT proliferation and invasion during the implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Matsubara
- Department of Regional Pediatrics and Perinatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Toon-shi 791-0295, Shitsukawa, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuko Matsubara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Toon-shi 791-0295, Shitsukawa, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (A.Y.); (T.S.)
| | - Yuka Uchikura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Toon-shi 791-0295, Shitsukawa, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (A.Y.); (T.S.)
| | - Katsuko Takagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Toon-shi 791-0295, Shitsukawa, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (A.Y.); (T.S.)
| | - Akiko Yano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Toon-shi 791-0295, Shitsukawa, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (A.Y.); (T.S.)
| | - Takashi Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Toon-shi 791-0295, Shitsukawa, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (A.Y.); (T.S.)
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23
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Zheng W, Wu F, Fu K, Sun G, Sun G, Li X, Jiang W, Cao H, Wang H, Tang W. Emerging Mechanisms and Treatment Progress on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3013-3036. [PMID: 33986602 PMCID: PMC8110277 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s301371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is currently the third largest malignant tumor in the world, with high new cases and high mortality. Metastasis is one of the most common causes of death of colorectal cancer, of which liver metastasis is the most fatal. Since the beginning of the Human Genome Project in 2001, people have gradually recognized the 3 billion base pairs that make up the human genome, of which only about 1.5% of the nucleic acid sequences are used for protein coding, including proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A large number of differences in the expression of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have also been found in the study of colorectal cancer, which proves that they are also actively involved in the progression of colorectal cancer and promote the occurrence of liver metastasis. Except for 1.5% of the coding sequence, the rest of the nucleic acid sequence does not encode any protein, which is called non-coding RNA. With the deepening of research, genome sequences without protein coding potential that were originally considered “junk sequences” may have important biological functions. Many years of studies have found that a large number of abnormal expression of ncRNA in colorectal cancer liver metastasis, indicating that ncRNA plays an important role in it. To explore the role and mechanism of these coding sequences and non-coding RNA in liver metastasis of colorectal cancer is very important for the early diagnosis and treatment of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. This article reviews the coding genes and ncRNA that have been found in the study of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer in recent years, as well as the mechanisms that have been identified or are still under study, as well as the clinical treatment of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wubin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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24
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Lan YL, Zhang J. Modulation of untranslated region alternative polyadenylation in glioma tumorigenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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25
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Su X, Wang X, Liu Y, Kong W, Yan F, Han F, Liu Q, Shi Y. Effect of Jiajian Guishen Formula on the senescence-associated heterochromatic foci in mouse ovaria after induction of premature ovarian aging by the endocrine-disrupting agent 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113720. [PMID: 33358858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiajian Guishen Formula (JJGSF), which is a prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), has been reported to be useful in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the therapeutic effects of JJGSF on the treatment of POI induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diep-oxide (VCD), an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), and to elucidate the potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female 8-week-old ICR mice (N = 72) were randomized into six groups, containing the Model group, Control group, three JJGSF groups, and Progynova group which was served as a positive control. After model establishment by VCD, the Progynova group were given a daily intragastric administration of Progynova, and the three JJGSF groups (high dose group, medium dose group and low dose group) received a daily intragastric administration of JJGSF at doses of 9, 4.5 and 2.25 g/kg for four weeks. The general growth of the mice was observed and the estrous cycles were examined. The serum hormone concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To explore the potential mechanism of effect, the protein expressions of H3K9me3, HP1, and HMGA1/HMGA2 related to senescence-associated heterochromatic foci (SAHF), were determined by Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS After treating with JJGSF, the estrous cycles were improved significantly. The level of estrogen (E2) and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) was increased and the ratio of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum was decreased significantly. Furthermore, a significant down-regulation of HMGA1/HMGA2 on protein level, a reduction distribution of HP1 and H3K9me3 in ovarian, and a lower fraction of SAHF-positive cells were observed after the administration with JJGSF, additionally effects showed a positive correlation with dosages. CONCLUSIONS JJGSF could treat POI by the mechanism of inhibiting SAHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Su
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China; Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wenjuan Kong
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fuguo Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qingfei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yun Shi
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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26
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HMGA2 as a Critical Regulator in Cancer Development. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020269. [PMID: 33668453 PMCID: PMC7917704 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group protein 2 (HMGA2) regulates gene expression by binding to AT-rich regions of DNA. Akin to other DNA architectural proteins, HMGA2 is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells during embryogenesis, while its expression is more limited at later stages of development and in adulthood. Importantly, HMGA2 is re-expressed in nearly all human malignancies, where it promotes tumorigenesis by multiple mechanisms. HMGA2 increases cancer cell proliferation by promoting cell cycle entry and inhibition of apoptosis. In addition, HMGA2 influences different DNA repair mechanisms and promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by activating signaling via the MAPK/ERK, TGFβ/Smad, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NFkB, and STAT3 pathways. Moreover, HMGA2 supports a cancer stem cell phenotype and renders cancer cells resistant to chemotherapeutic agents. In this review, we discuss these oncogenic roles of HMGA2 in different types of cancers and propose that HMGA2 may be used for cancer diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes.
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27
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Wei T, Liu H, Chu B, Blasco P, Liu Z, Tian R, Li DX, Li X. Phosphorylation-regulated HMGA1a-P53 interaction unveils the function of HMGA1a acidic tail phosphorylations via synthetic proteins. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:722-732.e8. [PMID: 33545070 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
As a typical member of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), HMGA1a carries many post-translational modifications (PTMs). To study the undefined function of acidic tail phosphorylations, seven HMGA1a proteins with site-specific modification(s) were chemically synthesized via Ser/Thr ligation. We found that the phosphorylations significantly inhibit HMGA1a-P53 interaction and the phosphorylations can induce conformational change of HMGA1a from an "open state" to a "close state." Notably, the positively charged lysine-arginine (KR) clusters are responsible for modulating HMGA1a conformation via electrostatic interaction with the phosphorylated acidic tail. Finally, we used a synthetic protein-affinity purification mass spectrometry (SP-AP-MS) methodology to profile the specific interactors, which further supported the function of HMGA1a phosphorylation. Collectively, this study highlights a mechanism for regulating IDPs' conformation and function by phosphorylation of non-protein-binding domain and showcases that the protein chemical synthesis in combination with mass spectrometry can serve as an efficient tool to study the IDPs' PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyao Wei
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Bizhu Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Pilar Blasco
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - David Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
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Circular RNA 100146 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by the MicroRNA 149/HMGA2 Axis. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 41:MCB.00445-20. [PMID: 33257506 PMCID: PMC8093498 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00445-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has developed into the third leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Studies have confirmed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) absorb microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate the function of downstream genes. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of circRNA 100146 in CRC. The expression of circRNA 100146, miRNA 149 (miR-149), and high mobility group AT-Hook 2 (HMGA2) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). A series of biofunctional effects (cell viability, apoptosis, migration/invasion) were evaluated by the use of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), flow cytometry, and transwell assays. Protein levels were measured by Western blot assay. A xenograft model was established for in vivo experiments. The interactions among circRNA 100146, miR-149, and HMGA2 were evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assays, or RNA pulldown assay. circRNA 100146 was upregulated in CRC tissues and cells. circRNA 100146 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and suppressed migration and invasion in vitro and impeded tumor growth in vivo Also, miR-149 was negatively regulated by circRNA 100146 and was targeted to HMGA2 and mediated its expression. Moreover, miR-149 interference abrogated the activities of silenced circRNA 100146 in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, HMGA2 overexpression abated the effects described above caused by circRNA 100146 silencing, while the mutations on miR-149 binding sites in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of HMGA2 led to its loss of this ability. circRNA 100146 knockdown repressed proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, and hindered migration and invasion in SW620 and SW480 cells through targeting the miR-149/HMGA2 axis.
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The utility of high-mobility group A2 overexpression for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer patients and its contribution to poor prognosis via chemoresistance and the propensity for the occurrence of carcinomatosis peritonei. Surgery 2020; 169:1213-1220. [PMID: 33376002 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to elucidate the correlation of high-mobility group protein A2 overexpression with gastric cancer prognosis and compare its prognostic power with that of pre-existing markers. METHODS Malignant tissues from 396 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy from 2008 to 2012 were examined. High-mobility group protein A2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and the sensitivity and specificity for predicting disease progression and overall survival of high-mobility group protein A2 and the prognostic biomarkers p53, Ki-67, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, cyclooxygenase-2, and epidermal growth factor receptor were compared. RESULTS A total of 95 samples (24.1%) showed high-mobility group protein A2 overexpression, which was related to advanced stage, undifferentiated histology, and lymphatic and perineural invasion. Additionally, high-mobility group protein A2 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis for disease progression and overall survival. Based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis disease progression and overall survival, the high-mobility group protein A2-overexpressing patients showed worse survival. The recurrence pattern of peritoneal dissemination was more frequently observed in high-mobility group protein A2-positive group. Moreover, chemoresistance was more frequently observed in the high-mobility group protein A2-positive group. High-mobility group protein A2 exhibited a better ability for predicting disease progression and overall survival than other markers, and the prognostic power was enhanced when high-mobility group protein A2 was used with these markers. CONCLUSION High-mobility group protein A2 overexpression is associated with chemoresistance and a propensity for carcinomatosis peritonei after surgery in patients with gastric cancer. The power to predict the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer can be enhanced with the use of preexisting biomarkers and high-mobility group protein A2.
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Sun Y, Chen H, Ye H, Liang W, Lam KK, Cheng B, Lu Y, Jiang C. Nudt21-mediated alternative polyadenylation of HMGA2 3'-UTR impairs stemness of human tendon stem cell. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18436-18452. [PMID: 32979259 PMCID: PMC7585117 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tendon-derived stem cells (TSCs) play a primary role in tendon physiology, pathology, as well as tendon repair and regeneration after injury. TSCs are often exposed to mechanical loading-related cellular stresses such as oxidative stress, resulting in loss of stemness and multipotent differentiation potential. Cytoprotective autophagy has previously been identified as an important mechanism to protect human TSCs (hTSCs) from oxidative stress induced impairments. In this study, we found that high-mobility AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) overexpression protects hTSCs against H2O2-induced loss of stemness through autophagy activation. Evidentially, H2O2 treatment increases the expression of Nudt21, a protein critical to polyadenylation site selection in alternative polyadenylation (APA) of mRNA transcripts. This leads to increased cleavage and polyadenylation of HMGA2 3'-UTR at the distal site, resulting in increased HMGA2 silencing by the microRNA let-7 and reduced HMGA2 expression. In conclusion, Nudt21-regulated APA of HMGA2 3'-UTR and subsequent HMGA2 downregulation mediates oxidative stress induced hTSC impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbai Sun
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun-kuan Lam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Department of Radiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Lu Wan Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Chaoyin Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haikou Orthopedic and Diabetes Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Hainan 570300, China
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Pegoraro S, Ros G, Sgubin M, Petrosino S, Zambelli A, Sgarra R, Manfioletti G. Targeting the intrinsically disordered architectural High Mobility Group A (HMGA) oncoproteins in breast cancer: learning from the past to design future strategies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:953-969. [PMID: 32970506 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1814738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most difficult breast cancer subtype to treat because of its heterogeneity and lack of specific therapeutic targets. High Mobility Group A (HMGA) proteins are chromatin architectural factors that have multiple oncogenic functions in breast cancer, and they represent promising molecular therapeutic targets for this disease. AREAS COVERED We offer an overview of the strategies that have been exploited to counteract HMGA oncoprotein activities at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We also present the possibility of targeting cancer-associated factors that lie downstream of HMGA proteins and discuss the contribution of HMGA proteins to chemoresistance. EXPERT OPINION Different strategies have been exploited to counteract HMGA protein activities; these involve interfering with their nucleic acid binding properties and the blocking of HMGA expression. Some approaches have provided promising results. However, some unique characteristics of the HMGA proteins have not been exploited; these include their extensive protein-protein interaction network and their intrinsically disordered status that present the possibility that HMGA proteins could be involved in the formation of proteinaceous membrane-less organelles (PMLO) by liquid-liquid phase separation. These unexplored characteristics could open new pharmacological avenues to counteract the oncogenic contributions of HMGA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pegoraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Gloria Ros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Sgubin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Petrosino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
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Wu Y, Wang X, Xu F, Zhang L, Wang T, Fu X, Jin T, Zhang W, Ye L. The regulation of acetylation and stability of HMGA2 via the HBXIP-activated Akt-PCAF pathway in promotion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:4858-4876. [PMID: 32313942 PMCID: PMC7229824 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is an architectural transcription factor that plays essential roles in embryonic development and cancer progression. However, the mechanism of HMGA2 regulation remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrate that HMGA2 can be modulated by hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP), an oncogenic transcriptional coactivator, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). HMGA2 expression was positively associated with HBXIP expression in clinical ESCC tissues, and their high levels were associated with advanced tumor stage and reduced overall and disease-free survival. We found that oncogenic HBXIP could posttranslationally upregulate HMGA2 protein level in ESCC cells. HBXIP induced HMGA2 acetylation at the lysine 26 (K26), resulting in HMGA2 protein accumulation. In this process, HBXIP increased the acetyltransferase p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) phosphorylation and activation via the Akt pathway, then PCAF directly interacted with HMGA2, leading to HMGA2 acetylation in the cells. HMGA2 K26 acetylation enhanced its DNA binding capacity and blocked its ubiquitination and then inhibited proteasome-dependent degradation. Functionally, HBXIP-stabilized HMGA2 could promote ESCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Strikingly, aspirin suppressed ESCC growth by inhibiting HBXIP and HMGA2. Collectively, our findings disclose a new mechanism for the posttranslational regulation of HMGA2 mediated by HBXIP in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Tianjiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Xueli Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Tianzhi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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Takahashi T, Kawaji H, Murakawa Y, Hayashizaki Y, Murakami T, Yabushita Y, Homma Y, Kumamoto T, Matsuyama R, Endo I. Significance of HMGA2 expression as independent poor prognostic marker in perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma resected with curative intent. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 47:394-400. [PMID: 32878723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma requires invasive surgery and is associated with poor prognosis; thus, a prognostic biomarker is highly needed. Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is sub-classified into two types based on their location, namely perihilar and distal. Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma requires lobectomy as curative surgical resection, whereas the distal requires pancreatoduodenectomy. HMGA2 overexpression is reported to correlate with progression, aggressiveness, dissemination and poor prognosis in several types of cancers. Although its association with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma has been reported, none of the previous studies assessed its significance in each subtype. METHODS We assessed the expression of HMGA2 protein in surgical specimens after curative intent surgery in 80 patients including 41 with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and 39 with distal cholangiocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. We then examined its association with clinicopathological findings and patient survival outcomes. RESULTS We found that HMGA2 was expressed in 51% (21 of 41) of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and 41% (16 of 39) of distal cholangiocarcinoma samples. In perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, we found significant correlations between expression and vascular invasion and perineural invasion. In distal cholangiocarcinoma, we found that protein levels correlated with tumor grade. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that HMGA2 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for patients with both subtypes of disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that HMGA2 expression as an independent prognostic marker for both perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma that were resected with curative intent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawaji
- Preventive Medicine and Applied Genomics Unit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako, Japan; RIKEN-IFOM Joint Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; RIKEN-HMC Clinical Omics Unit, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yabushita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Homma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kumamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryusei Matsuyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
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Ohshiro K, Chen J, Srivastav J, Mishra L, Mishra B. Alterations in TGF-β signaling leads to high HMGA2 levels potentially through modulation of PJA1/SMAD3 in HCC cells. Genes Cancer 2020; 11:43-52. [PMID: 32577156 PMCID: PMC7289907 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we observed that the TGF-β pathway is altered in 39% of HCCs. The alterations are correlated with a raised HMGA2 level. Therefore, we compared genetic alterations of HMGA2 and 43 TGF-β pathway core genes in HCC patients from TCGA database. Genetic alterations of 15 genes, including INHBE, INHBC, GDF11, ACVRL and TGFB2 out of 43 core genes, highly-moderately matched that of HMGA2. Co-occurrences of mutation amplification, gains, deletions and high/low mRNA of HMGA2 with those of the core genes were highly significant in INHBE, INHBC, ACVR1B, ACVRL and GDF11. Mass spectrometry studies revealed that HMGA2 interacted with an E3 ligase, PJA1, and that this interaction is enhanced by TGF-β treatment in the nuclear of HCC cells. Co-localization of nuclear PJA1 and HMGA2 in HCC cells increased upon TGF-β treatment. Raised HMGA2 levels that occur with alterations in the TGF-β signaling pathway may reflect an altered activity of E3 ligases, such as PJA1, and potentially contribute to the tumor-promoting roles of TGF-β signaling. Here, we report that the co-occurrence of genetic alterations in HMGA2 and TGF-β pathway core genes is implicated in HCC progression, and propose that HMGA2 and PJA1 may be potential novel targets in dysfunctional TGF-β signaling in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Lopa Mishra
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VA Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
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Lin H, Zhao Z, Hao Y, He J, He J. Long noncoding RNA HIF1A-AS2 facilitates cell survival and migration by sponging miR-33b-5p to modulate SIRT6 expression in osteosarcoma. Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 98:284-292. [PMID: 31626739 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2019-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as vital regulators in various physiological and pathological processes. It was recently found that lncRNA HIF1A-AS2 could play oncogenic roles in several cancers. However, the function and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA HIF1A-AS2 in osteosarcoma (OS) remain largely unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that HIF1A-AS2 was overexpressed in OS tissues and cells. Downregulation of HIF1A-AS2 significantly affects multiple biological functions in OS cells, including cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell apoptosis, cell migration, and cell invasiveness. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that HIF1A-AS2 can interact with miR-33b-5p and negatively regulate its expression, thereby upregulating the protein expression of miR-33b-5p’s target SIRT6. Additionally, in vivo experiments using a xenograft tumor mouse model revealed that downregulation of HIF1A-AS2 suppresses tumor growth in OS. Taken together, a newly identified regulatory mechanism for the lncRNA HIF1A-AS2–miR-33b-5p–SIRT6 axis was systematically studied in OS, which could be a promising target for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Zhenxu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Ward No. 15, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Xihu district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
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Li Y, Wang D, Ren H, Feng W. Metformin alleviates breast cancer through targeting high-mobility group AT-hook 2. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:686-692. [PMID: 32031335 PMCID: PMC7049488 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a classic oral drug used in diabetic patients, metformin has exhibited an anticancer role in many types of cancers in recent years. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of metformin in the growth of breast cancer and its novel targets. METHODS A cell viability assay was utilized to examine the inhibitory effect of metformin on proliferation of breast cancer cells. Western blotting and RT-PCR assays were used to detect the regulation of metformin on the expression of oncogenic HMGA2. The luciferase reporter vector of HMGA2 promoter was constructed. A luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to analyze the effect of metformin on HMGA2 promoter activity in breast cancer cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed to show the binding of Sp1 to HMGA2 promoter in breast cancer cells with or without metformin treatment. The function of metformin-regulated HMGA2 in breast cancer growth was tested using a cell viability assay. RESULTS Cell proliferation was obviously inhibited in breast cancer cells treated with different concentrations of metformin. The level of mRNA and protein of HMGA2 was significantly reduced by metformin in the cells. Mechanistically, metformin was able to inactivate the HMGA2 promoter through downregulating transcription factor Sp1 in the cells. In terms of function, treatment with metformin suppressed the proliferation of breast cancer cells and overexpressed HMGA2 reversed the inhibition of cell proliferation mediated by metformin. CONCLUSION Metformin resists the growth of breast cancer through targeting Sp1/HMGA2 signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of General SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of AnesthesiologyChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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High Mobility Group A (HMGA): Chromatin Nodes Controlled by a Knotty miRNA Network. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030717. [PMID: 31979076 PMCID: PMC7038092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group A (HMGA) proteins are oncofoetal chromatin architectural factors that are widely involved in regulating gene expression. These proteins are unique, because they are highly expressed in embryonic and cancer cells, where they play a relevant role in cell proliferation, stemness, and the acquisition of aggressive tumour traits, i.e., motility, invasiveness, and metastatic properties. The HMGA protein expression levels and activities are controlled by a connected set of events at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. In fact, microRNA (miRNA)-mediated RNA stability is the most-studied mechanism of HMGA protein expression modulation. In this review, we contribute to a comprehensive overview of HMGA-targeting miRNAs; we provide detailed information regarding HMGA gene structural organization and a comprehensive evaluation and description of HMGA-targeting miRNAs, while focusing on those that are widely involved in HMGA regulation; and, we aim to offer insights into HMGA-miRNA mutual cross-talk from a functional and cancer-related perspective, highlighting possible clinical implications.
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HMGA Genes and Proteins in Development and Evolution. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020654. [PMID: 31963852 PMCID: PMC7013770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HMGA (high mobility group A) (HMGA1 and HMGA2) are small non-histone proteins that can bind DNA and modify chromatin state, thus modulating the accessibility of regulatory factors to the DNA and contributing to the overall panorama of gene expression tuning. In general, they are abundantly expressed during embryogenesis, but are downregulated in the adult differentiated tissues. In the present review, we summarize some aspects of their role during development, also dealing with relevant studies that have shed light on their functioning in cell biology and with emerging possible involvement of HMGA1 and HMGA2 in evolutionary biology.
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Ros G, Pegoraro S, De Angelis P, Sgarra R, Zucchelli S, Gustincich S, Manfioletti G. HMGA2 Antisense Long Non-coding RNAs as New Players in the Regulation of HMGA2 Expression and Pancreatic Cancer Promotion. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1526. [PMID: 32010621 PMCID: PMC6978849 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural antisense long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory RNAs transcribed from the opposite strand of either protein coding or non-coding genes, able to modulate their own sense gene expression. Hence, their dysregulation can lead to pathologic processes. Cancer is a complex class of diseases determined by the aberrant expression of a variety of factors, among them, the oncofetal chromatin architectural proteins High Mobility Group A (HMGA) modulate several cancer hallmarks. Thus, we decided to investigate the presence of natural antisense lncRNAs in HMGA1 and HMGA2 loci, and their possible involvement in gene expression regulation. Methods: We used FANTOM5 data resources, FANTOM-CAT genome browser and Zenbu visualization tool, which employ 1,829 human CAGE and RNA-sequencing libraries, to determine expression, ontology enrichment, and dynamic regulation of natural antisense lncRNAs in HMGA1 and HMGA2 loci. We then performed qRT-PCR in different cancer cell lines to validate the existence of HMGA2-AS1 transcripts. We depleted HMGA2-AS1 transcripts with siRNAs and investigated HMGA2 expression by qRT-PCR and western blot analyses. Moreover, we evaluated cell viability and migration by MTS and transwell assays, and EMT markers by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, we used bioinformatics approaches to evaluate HMGA2 and HMGA2-AS1 correlation and overall survival in tumor patients. Results: We found the presence of a promoter-associated lncRNA (CATG00000088127.1) in the HMGA1 gene and three antisense genes (RPSAP52, HMGA2-AS1, and RP11-366L20.3) in the HMGA2 gene. We studied the uncharacterized HMGA2-AS1 transcripts, validating their existence in cancer cell lines and observing a positive correlation between HMGA2 and HMGA2-AS1 expression in a cancer-derived patient dataset. We showed that HMGA2-AS1 transcripts positively modulate HMGA2 expression and migration properties of PANC1 cells through HMGA2. In addition, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high level of HMGA2-AS1 is a negative prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer patients. Conclusions: Our results describe novel antisense lncRNAs associated with HMGA1 and HMGA2 genes. In particular, we demonstrate that HMGA2-AS1 is involved in the regulation of its own sense gene expression, mediating tumorigenesis. Thus, we highlight a new layer of complexity in the regulation of HMGA2 expression, providing new potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Pegoraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo De Angelis
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Zucchelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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HMGA1 Modulates Gene Transcription Sustaining a Tumor Signalling Pathway Acting on the Epigenetic Status of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081105. [PMID: 31382504 PMCID: PMC6721465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin accessibility plays a critical factor in regulating gene expression in cancer cells. Several factors, including the High Mobility Group A (HMGA) family members, are known to participate directly in chromatin relaxation and transcriptional activation. The HMGA1 oncogene encodes an architectural chromatin transcription factor that alters DNA structure and interacts with transcription factors favouring their landing onto transcription regulatory sequences. Here, we provide evidence of an additional mechanism exploited by HMGA1 to modulate transcription. We demonstrate that, in a triple-negative breast cancer cellular model, HMGA1 sustains the action of epigenetic modifiers and in particular it positively influences both histone H3S10 phosphorylation by ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-3 (RSK2) and histone H2BK5 acetylation by CREB-binding protein (CBP). HMGA1, RSK2, and CBP control the expression of a set of genes involved in tumor progression and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. These results suggest that HMGA1 has an effect on the epigenetic status of cancer cells and that it could be exploited as a responsiveness predictor for epigenetic therapies in triple-negative breast cancers.
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Comparative Assessment of Antitumor Effects and Autophagy Induction as a Resistance Mechanism by Cytotoxics and EZH2 Inhibition in INI1-Negative Epithelioid Sarcoma Patient-Derived Xenograft. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071015. [PMID: 31331120 PMCID: PMC6678245 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare mesenchymal malignancy marked by SMARCB1/INI1 deficiency. Retrospective clinical data report on the activity of anthracycline- and gemcitabine-based regimens. EZH2 inhibitors are currently being tested in clinical trials. Since comparisons of these agents are unlikely to be prospectively evaluated in the clinics, we took advantage of an INI1-deficient proximal-type ES patient-derived xenograft (PDX ES-1) to comparatively assess its preclinical antitumor activity. Mice were treated with doxorubicin and ifosfamide, singly or in combination, gemcitabine, and the EZH2 inhibitor EPZ-011989. Comparable antitumor activity (max tumor volume inhibition: ~90%) was caused by gemcitabine, EPZ-011989, and the doxorubicin-ifosfamide combination. The integration of RNAseq data, generated on tumors obtained from untreated and EPZ-011989-treated mice, and results from functional studies, carried out on the PDX-derived ES-1 cell line, revealed autophagy induction as a possible survival mechanism in residual tumor cells following EPZ-011989 treatment and identified HMGA2 as a main player in this process. Our data support the clinical use of gemcitabine and the doxorubicin-ifosfamide combination, confirm EZH2 as a therapeutic target in proximal-type ES, and suggest autophagy as a cytoprotective mechanism against EZH2 inhibition.
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Zanin R, Pegoraro S, Ros G, Ciani Y, Piazza S, Bossi F, Bulla R, Zennaro C, Tonon F, Lazarevic D, Stupka E, Sgarra R, Manfioletti G. HMGA1 promotes breast cancer angiogenesis supporting the stability, nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of FOXM1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:313. [PMID: 31311575 PMCID: PMC6636010 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Among the breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and the most difficult to treat. One of the master regulators in TNBC progression is the architectural transcription factor HMGA1. This study aimed to further explore the HMGA1 molecular network to identify molecular mechanisms involved in TNBC progression. Methods RNA from the MDA-MB-231 cell line, silenced for HMGA1 expression, was sequenced and, with a bioinformatic analysis, molecular partners HMGA1 could cooperate with in regulating common downstream gene networks were identified. Among the putative partners, the FOXM1 transcription factor was selected. The relationship occurring between HMGA1 and FOXM1 was explored by qRT-PCR, co-immunoprecipitation and protein stability assays. Subsequently, the transcriptional activity of HMGA1 and FOXM1 was analysed by luciferase assay on the VEGFA promoter. The impact on angiogenesis was assessed in vitro, evaluating the tube formation ability of endothelial cells exposed to the conditioned medium of MDA-MB-231 cells silenced for HMGA1 and FOXM1 and in vivo injecting MDA-MB-231 cells, silenced for the two factors, in zebrafish larvae. Results Here, we discover FOXM1 as a novel molecular partner of HMGA1 in regulating a gene network implicated in several breast cancer hallmarks. HMGA1 forms a complex with FOXM1 and stabilizes it in the nucleus, increasing its transcriptional activity on common target genes, among them, VEGFA, the main inducer of angiogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HMGA1 and FOXM1 synergistically drive breast cancer cells to promote tumor angiogenesis both in vitro in endothelial cells and in vivo in a zebrafish xenograft model. Moreover, using a dataset of breast cancer patients we show that the co-expression of HMGA1, FOXM1 and VEGFA is a negative prognostic factor of distant metastasis-free survival and relapse-free survival. Conclusions This study reveals FOXM1 as a crucial interactor of HMGA1 and proves that their cooperative action supports breast cancer aggressiveness, by promoting tumor angiogenesis. Therefore, the possibility to target HMGA1/FOXM1 in combination should represent an attractive therapeutic option to counteract breast cancer angiogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1307-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Zanin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Pegoraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gloria Ros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste, Italy.,Present address: Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Fleur Bossi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65/1, 34134, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cristina Zennaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Tonon
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elia Stupka
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Present address: Life Sciences Business Health Catalyst, Cambridge, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, USA
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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The High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) Chromatin Architectural Factor Modulates Nuclear Stiffness in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112733. [PMID: 31167352 PMCID: PMC6600462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity is an essential condition for cancer cells to invade surrounding tissues. The nucleus is the most rigid cellular organelle and it undergoes substantial deformations to get through environmental constrictions. Nuclear stiffness mostly depends on the nuclear lamina and chromatin, which in turn might be affected by nuclear architectural proteins. Among these is the HMGA1 (High Mobility Group A1) protein, a factor that plays a causal role in neoplastic transformation and that is able to disentangle heterochromatic domains by H1 displacement. Here we made use of atomic force microscopy to analyze the stiffness of breast cancer cellular models in which we modulated HMGA1 expression to investigate its role in regulating nuclear plasticity. Since histone H1 is the main modulator of chromatin structure and HMGA1 is a well-established histone H1 competitor, we correlated HMGA1 expression and cellular stiffness with histone H1 expression level, post-translational modifications, and nuclear distribution. Our results showed that HMGA1 expression level correlates with nuclear stiffness, is associated to histone H1 phosphorylation status, and alters both histone H1 chromatin distribution and expression. These data suggest that HMGA1 might promote chromatin relaxation through a histone H1-mediated mechanism strongly impacting on the invasiveness of cancer cells.
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Prognostic value of high mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) over-expression in cancer progression. Gene 2019; 706:131-139. [PMID: 31055021 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The high mobility group A2 (HMGA2; also called HMGI-C) gene is an architectural transcription factor that belonging to the high mobility group AT-hook (HMGA) gene family. HMGA2 is aberrantly regulated in several human tumors. Over-expression of HMGA2 is correlated with a higher risk of metastasis and an unfavorable prognosis in patients with cancer. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the clinic-pathological and prognostic value of HMGA2 overexpression in different human tumors. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, MEDLINE, Google Scholar and ISI Web of Science. Hazard ratios (HRs)/odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association between HMGA2 expression and overall survival (OS)/progression free survival (PFS)/disease free survival (DFS). A total of 5319 patients with 19 different types of cancer from 35 articles were evaluated. Pooled data analysis indicated that increased HMGA2 expression in cancer patients predicted a poor OS (HR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.6-1.81; P < 0.001; fixed-effect model). In subgroup analyses, high HMGA2 expression was particularly associated with poor OS in individuals with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer (HR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.83-1.96; fixed-effect model) and HNSCC cancer (HR-1.78, 95%CI: 1.44-2.21; fixed-effect model). Over-expression of HMGA2 was associated with vascular invasion (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.05-0.49; P = 0.001) and lymphatic invasion (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.06-3.38; P = 0.032). Further studies should be conducted to validate the prognostic value of HMGA2 for patients with GI cancers.
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Naghizadeh S, Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Kafil HS, Mousavi Z, Sakhinia E, Baradaran B. Effects of HMGA2 gene downregulation by siRNA on lung carcinoma cell migration in A549 cell lines. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:5024-5032. [PMID: 30317663 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are multiple treatments for lung cancer, the death rate of this cancer remains high because of metastasis in earlier stages. So a novel treatment for overcoming metastasis is urgently needed. Overexpression of high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), a nonhistone chromosomal protein has been observed in metastatic cancers. So, we suggested that HMGA2 upregulation may play a critical role in treating lung cancer. METHODS The A549 cells were transfected with specific HMGA2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) using transfection reagent. Relative HMGA2 and matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), vimentin, and E-cadherin messenger RNA expression levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. To diagnose cytotoxic effect of HMGA2 siRNA and other components of transfection process, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was applied. The migration capacity after transfection with HMGA2 siRNA was detected by wound-healing assay. RESULTS HMGA2 siRNA significantly reduced HMGA2 expression in a dose-dependent manner 48 hours after transfection. Expression levels of MMP1, vimentin, and CXCR4 were reduced, but E-cadherin level was not changed meaningfully. HMGA2 knockdown significantly reduced cell survival rate and also led to the inhibition of cell migration. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that RNA interference by downregulation of HMGA2 gene expression and affecting downstream genes led to the inhibition of cell migration and proliferation. Therefore, HMGA2 siRNA might be an alternative treatment option for metastatic lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Naghizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mousavi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Hmga2 is dispensable for pancreatic cancer development, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14008. [PMID: 30228296 PMCID: PMC6143627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the chromatin-associated protein HMGA2 correlates with progression, metastasis and therapy resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Hmga2 has also been identified as a marker of a transient subpopulation of PDAC cells that has increased metastatic ability. Here, we characterize the requirement for Hmga2 during growth, dissemination, and metastasis of PDAC in vivo using conditional inactivation of Hmga2 in well-established autochthonous mouse models of PDAC. Overall survival, primary tumour burden, presence of disseminated tumour cells in the peritoneal cavity or circulating tumour cells in the blood, and presence and number of metastases were not significantly different between mice with Hmga2-wildtype or Hmga2-deficient tumours. Treatment of mice with Hmga2-wildtype and Hmga2-deficient tumours with gemcitabine did not uncover a significant impact of Hmga2-deficiency on gemcitabine sensitivity. Hmga1 and Hmga2 overlap in their expression in both human and murine PDAC, however knockdown of Hmga1 in Hmga2-deficient cancer cells also did not decrease metastatic ability. Thus, Hmga2 remains a prognostic marker which identifies a metastatic cancer cell state in primary PDAC, however Hmga2 has limited if any direct functional impact on PDAC progression and therapy resistance.
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Balachandran A, Zambre A, Kainth JS, Nagarajha Selvan LD, Parameswaran S, Afrasiabi Z, Krishnakumar S, Kannan R, Upendran A. Targeting HMGA protein inhibits retinoblastoma cell proliferation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:31510-31514. [PMID: 35548247 PMCID: PMC9085636 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06026f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel synthetic strategy for conjugating HMGA2 siRNA and the HMGA aptamer to the nucleolin aptamer and nucleolin antibody, respectively. Our studies demonstrate that these conjugates inhibit cell proliferation in retinoblastoma cells. A novel approach to target HMGA proteins in retinoblastoma using HMGA2 siRNA–nucleolin aptamer and HMGA aptamer–nucleolin antibody conjugates was developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Akilandeswari Balachandran
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Chennai India
| | - Ajit Zambre
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri Columbia MO USA
| | - Jagjot Singh Kainth
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri Columbia MO USA .,Department of Life Sciences, Lincoln University Jefferson City MO USA
| | - Lakshmi Dhevi Nagarajha Selvan
- L&T Ocular Pathology Department, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Chennai India
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Chennai India
| | - Zahra Afrasiabi
- Department of Life Sciences, Lincoln University Jefferson City MO USA
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Chennai India .,L&T Ocular Pathology Department, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Chennai India.,Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Chennai India
| | - Raghuraman Kannan
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri Columbia MO USA .,Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri Columbia MO USA
| | - Anandhi Upendran
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri Columbia MO USA.,Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (MU-iCATS), School of Medicine, University of Missouri Columbia MO USA
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Heldt F, Wallaschek H, Ripperger T, Morlot S, Illig T, Eggermann T, Schlegelberger B, Scholz C, Steinemann D. 12q14 microdeletion syndrome: A family with short stature and Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS)-like phenotype and review of the literature. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:421-427. [PMID: 29501611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Heldt
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Hannah Wallaschek
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim Ripperger
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Morlot
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Caroline Scholz
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Garabedian A, Bolufer A, Leng F, Fernandez-Lima F. Peptide Sequence Influence on the Conformational Dynamics and DNA binding of the Intrinsically Disordered AT-Hook 3 Peptide. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10783. [PMID: 30018295 PMCID: PMC6050235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28956-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsically disordered ATHP3 was studied at native conditions and in complex with DNA using single amino acid substitutions and high-resolution ion mobility spectrometry coupled to mass spectrometry (trapped IMS-MS). Results showed that ATHP3 can exist in multiple conformations at native conditions (at least 10 conformers were separated), with a variety of proline cis/trans orientations, side chain orientations and protonation sites. When in complex with AT rich DNA hairpins, the -RGRP- core is essential for stabilizing the ATHP3: DNA complex. In particular, the arginine in the sixth position plays an important role during binding to AT-rich regions of hairpin DNA, in good agreement with previous NMR and X-ray data. Mobility based correlation matrices are proposed as a way to reveal differences in structural motifs across the peptide mutants based on the conformational space and relative conformer abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Garabedian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, United States
| | - Alexander Bolufer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, United States
| | - Fenfei Leng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, United States
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, United States. .,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, United States.
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50
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High Mobility Group A (HMGA) proteins: Molecular instigators of breast cancer onset and progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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