1
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Detopoulou P, Fragopoulou E, Nomikos T, Antonopoulou S. Associations of phase angle with platelet-activating factor metabolism and related dietary factors in healthy volunteers. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1237086. [PMID: 38024339 PMCID: PMC10655008 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1237086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phase angle (PA) is derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). It reflects cell membrane function and decreases in disease. It is affected by inflammation, oxidative stress, and diet. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent inflammatory lipid mediator. Its levels, along with the activity of its metabolic enzymes, including CDP-choline:1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol-cholinephosphotransferase, acetyl-CoA:lyso-PAF-acetyltransferases, and PAF-AH/Lp-PLA2 are also related to dietary factors, such as the dietary antioxidant capacity (DAC). The aim of the study was to estimate whether the PAF metabolic circuit and related dietary factors are associated with PA in healthy volunteers. Methods In healthy subjects, PAF, its metabolic enzyme activity, and erythrocyte fatty acids were measured, while desaturases were estimated. Food-frequency questionnaires and recalls were used, and food groups, macronutrient intake, MedDietScore, and DAC were assessed. Lifestyle and biochemical variables were collected. DXA and BIA measurements were performed. Results Lp-PLA2 activity was positively associated with PA (rho = 0.651, p < 0.001, total population; rho = 0.780, p < 0.001, women), while PAF levels were negatively associated with PA only in men (partial rho = -0.627, p = 0.012) and inversely related to DAC. Estimated desaturase 6 was inversely associated with PA (rho = -0.404, p = 0.01, total sample). Moreover, the DAC correlated positively with PA (rho = 0.513, p = 0.03, women). All correlations were adjusted for age, body mass index, and sex (if applicable). Conclusion PA is associated with PAF levels and Lp-PLA2 activity in a gender-dependent fashion, indicating the involvement of PAF in cell membrane impairment. The relationship of PA with DAC suggests a protective effect of antioxidants on cellular health, considering that antioxidants may inhibit PAF generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education. Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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2
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Dupuy M, Gueguinou M, Potier-Cartereau M, Lézot F, Papin M, Chantôme A, Rédini F, Vandier C, Verrecchia F. SK Ca- and Kv1-type potassium channels and cancer: Promising therapeutic targets? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115774. [PMID: 37678626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels are transmembrane structures that allow the passage of ions across cell membranes such as the plasma membrane or the membranes of various organelles like the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria. Aberrant expression of various ion channels has been demonstrated in several tumor cells, leading to the promotion of key functions in tumor development, such as cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. The link between ion channels and these key biological functions that promote tumor development has led to the classification of cancers as oncochannelopathies. Among all ion channels, the most varied and numerous, forming the largest family, are the potassium channels, with over 70 genes encoding them in humans. In this context, this review will provide a non-exhaustive overview of the role of plasma membrane potassium channels in cancer, describing 1) the nomenclature and structure of potassium channels, 2) the role of these channels in the control of biological functions that promotes tumor development such as proliferation, migration and cell death, and 3) the role of two particular classes of potassium channels, the SKCa- and Kv1- type potassium channels in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne Dupuy
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | | | | | - Frédéric Lézot
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR933, Hôpital Trousseau (AP-HP), Paris F-75012, France
| | - Marion Papin
- N2C UMR 1069, University of Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
| | | | - Françoise Rédini
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Franck Verrecchia
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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3
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Çetinel ZÖ, Bilge D. The effects of miltefosine on the structure and dynamics of DPPC and DPPS liposomes mimicking normal and cancer cell membranes: FTIR and DSC studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Fricke N, Raghunathan K, Tiwari A, Stefanski KM, Balakrishnan M, Waterson AG, Capone R, Huang H, Sanders CR, Bauer JA, Kenworthy AK. High-Content Imaging Platform to Discover Chemical Modulators of Plasma Membrane Rafts. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:370-378. [PMID: 35355811 PMCID: PMC8961798 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane organization profoundly impacts cellular functionality. A well-known mechanism underlying this organization is through nanoscopic clustering of distinct lipids and proteins in membrane rafts. Despite their physiological importance, rafts remain a difficult-to-study aspect of membrane organization, in part because of the paucity of chemical tools to experimentally modulate their properties. Methods to selectively target rafts for therapeutic purposes are also currently lacking. To tackle these problems, we developed a high-throughput screen and an accompanying image analysis pipeline to identify small molecules that enhance or inhibit raft formation. Cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles were used as the experimental platform. A proof-of-principle screen using a bioactive lipid library demonstrates that this method is robust and capable of validating established raft modulators including C6- and C8-ceramide, miltefosine, and epigallocatechin gallate as well as identifying new ones. The platform we describe here represents a powerful tool to discover new chemical approaches to manipulate rafts and their components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Fricke
- Department
of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Krishnan Raghunathan
- Department
of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Ajit Tiwari
- Department
of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Katherine M. Stefanski
- Department
of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Muthuraj Balakrishnan
- Center
for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology
and Biological Physics, University of Virginia
School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Alex G. Waterson
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Ricardo Capone
- Department
of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Hui Huang
- Department
of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Charles R. Sanders
- Department
of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Joshua A. Bauer
- Department
of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Chemical Biology, High-Throughput Screening Facility, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anne K. Kenworthy
- Department
of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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5
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Rollin-Pinheiro R, Almeida YDC, Rochetti VP, Xisto MIDDS, Borba-Santos LP, Rozental S, Barreto-Bergter E. Miltefosine Against Scedosporium and Lomentospora Species: Antifungal Activity and Its Effects on Fungal Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:698662. [PMID: 34368017 PMCID: PMC8343104 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.698662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Scedosporium and Lomentospora species are filamentous fungi responsible for a wide range of infections in humans and are frequently associated with cystic fibrosis and immunocompromising conditions. Because they are usually resistant to many antifungal drugs available in clinical settings, studies of alternative targets in fungal cells and therapeutic approaches are necessary. In the present work, we evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of miltefosine against Scedosporium and Lomentospora species and how this phospholipid analogue affects the fungal cell. Miltefosine inhibited different Scedosporium and Lomentospora species at 2–4 µg/ml and reduced biofilm formation. The loss of membrane integrity in Scedosporium aurantiacum caused by miltefosine was demonstrated by leakage of intracellular components and lipid raft disorganisation. The exogenous addition of glucosylceramide decreased the inhibitory activity of miltefosine. Reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial activity were also affected by miltefosine, as well as the susceptibility to fluconazole, caspofungin and myoricin. The data obtained in the present study contribute to clarify the dynamics of the interaction between miltefosine and Scedosporium and Lomentospora cells, highlighting its potential use as new antifungal drug in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Rollin-Pinheiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yuri de Castro Almeida
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor Pereira Rochetti
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Ingrid Dutra da Silva Xisto
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luana Pereira Borba-Santos
- Programa de Biologia Celular e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sonia Rozental
- Programa de Biologia Celular e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliana Barreto-Bergter
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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6
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Cho YY, Kwon OH, Chung S. Preferred Endocytosis of Amyloid Precursor Protein from Cholesterol-Enriched Lipid Raft Microdomains. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235490. [PMID: 33255194 PMCID: PMC7727664 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) at the plasma membrane is internalized via endocytosis and delivered to endo/lysosomes, where neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) is produced via β-, γ-secretases. Hence, endocytosis plays a key role in the processing of APP and subsequent Aβ generation. β-, γ-secretases as well as APP are localized in cholesterol-enriched lipid raft microdomains. However, it is still unclear whether lipid rafts are the site where APP undergoes endocytosis and whether cholesterol levels affect this process. In this study, we found that localization of APP in lipid rafts was increased by elevated cholesterol level. We also showed that increasing or decreasing cholesterol levels increased or decreased APP endocytosis, respectively. When we labeled cell surface APP, APP localized in lipid rafts preferentially underwent endocytosis compared to nonraft-localized APP. In addition, APP endocytosis from lipid rafts was regulated by cholesterol levels. Our results demonstrate for the first time that cholesterol levels regulate the localization of APP in lipid rafts affecting raft-dependent APP endocytosis. Thus, regulating the microdomain localization of APP could offer a new therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease.
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7
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Zulueta Díaz YDLM, Ambroggio EE, Fanani ML. Miltefosine inhibits the membrane remodeling caused by phospholipase action by changing membrane physical properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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8
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Tzoneva R, Stoyanova T, Petrich A, Popova D, Uzunova V, Momchilova A, Chiantia S. Effect of Erufosine on Membrane Lipid Order in Breast Cancer Cell Models. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E802. [PMID: 32455962 PMCID: PMC7277205 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkylphospholipids are a novel class of antineoplastic drugs showing remarkable therapeutic potential. Among them, erufosine (EPC3) is a promising drug for the treatment of several types of tumors. While EPC3 is supposed to exert its function by interacting with lipid membranes, the exact molecular mechanisms involved are not known yet. In this work, we applied a combination of several fluorescence microscopy and analytical chemistry approaches (i.e., scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, line-scan fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, generalized polarization imaging, as well as thin layer and gas chromatography) to quantify the effect of EPC3 in biophysical models of the plasma membrane, as well as in cancer cell lines. Our results indicate that EPC3 affects lipid-lipid interactions in cellular membranes by decreasing lipid packing and increasing membrane disorder and fluidity. As a consequence of these alterations in the lateral organization of lipid bilayers, the diffusive dynamics of membrane proteins are also significantly increased. Taken together, these findings suggest that the mechanism of action of EPC3 could be linked to its effects on fundamental biophysical properties of lipid membranes, as well as on lipid metabolism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tzoneva
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Tihomira Stoyanova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Annett Petrich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Street 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Desislava Popova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Veselina Uzunova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Albena Momchilova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Street 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
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9
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Botschuijver S, van Diest SA, van Thiel IAM, Saia RS, Strik AS, Yu Z, Maria-Ferreira D, Welting O, Keszthelyi D, Jennings G, Heinsbroek SEM, Elferink RPO, Schuren FHJ, de Jonge WJ, van den Wijngaard RM. Miltefosine treatment reduces visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model for irritable bowel syndrome via multiple mechanisms. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12530. [PMID: 31467355 PMCID: PMC6715706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogenic, functional gastrointestinal disorder of the gut-brain axis characterized by altered bowel habit and abdominal pain. Preclinical and clinical results suggested that, in part of these patients, pain may result from fungal induced release of mast cell derived histamine, subsequent activation of sensory afferent expressed histamine-1 receptors and related sensitization of the nociceptive transient reporter potential channel V1 (TRPV1)-ion channel. TRPV1 gating properties are regulated in lipid rafts. Miltefosine, an approved drug for the treatment of visceral Leishmaniasis, has fungicidal effects and is a known lipid raft modulator. We anticipated that miltefosine may act on different mechanistic levels of fungal-induced abdominal pain and may be repurposed to IBS. In the IBS-like rat model of maternal separation we assessed the visceromotor response to colonic distension as indirect readout for abdominal pain. Miltefosine reversed post-stress hypersensitivity to distension (i.e. visceral hypersensitivity) and this was associated with differences in the fungal microbiome (i.e. mycobiome). In vitro investigations confirmed fungicidal effects of miltefosine. In addition, miltefosine reduced the effect of TRPV1 activation in TRPV1-transfected cells and prevented TRPV1-dependent visceral hypersensitivity induced by intracolonic-capsaicin in rat. Miltefosine may be an attractive drug to treat abdominal pain in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Botschuijver
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie A van Diest
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle A M van Thiel
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rafael S Saia
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne S Strik
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zhumei Yu
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Daniele Maria-Ferreira
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Departamento de Farmacologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Olaf Welting
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Keszthelyi
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gary Jennings
- Business Development, Redivia, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sigrid E M Heinsbroek
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Oude Elferink
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank H J Schuren
- Microbiology and Systems Biology, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René M van den Wijngaard
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Al Sazzad MA, Yasuda T, Nyholm TKM, Slotte JP. Lateral Segregation of Palmitoyl Ceramide-1-Phosphate in Simple and Complex Bilayers. Biophys J 2019; 117:36-45. [PMID: 31133285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide-1-phosphate is a minor sphingolipid with important functions in cell signaling. In this study, we examined the propensity of palmitoyl ceramide-1-phosphate (Cer-1P) to segregate laterally into ordered domains in different bilayer compositions at 23 and 37°C and compared this with segregation of palmitoyl ceramide (PCer) and palmitoyl sphingomyelin (PSM). The ordered-domain formation in the fluid phosphatidylcholine bilayers was determined using the emission lifetime changes of trans-parinaric acid and from differential scanning calorimetry thermograms. The lateral segregation of Cer-1P was examined when hydrated to bilayers in Tris buffer (50 mM Tris, 140 mM NaCl (pH 7.4)). At this pH, Cer-1P was negatively charged. The lateral segregation propensity of Cer-1P in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers was intermediate between PCer and PSM. Based on differential scanning calorimetry analysis, we observed that the gel domains formed by Cer-1P in POPC bilayers (POPC:Cer-1P 70:30 by mol) were less stable (melting interval 16-37°C) than the corresponding POPC and PCer gel domains at equal composition (melting interval 20-55°C). The gel-phase melting enthalpy was also much lower in Cer-1P (1.5 kcal/mol) than in the PCer-containing POPC bilayers (9 kcal/mol). Cer-1P appeared to be at least partially miscible with PCer domains in POPC bilayers. Cer-1P domains were stabilized in the presence of PSM (POPC:PSM 85:15), similarly as seen with PCer-rich domains. In bilayers at 37°C, with an approximate outer-leaflet cell membrane composition (sphingomyelin and cholesterol enriched, aminophospholipid poor), Cer-1P segregation did not lead to the formation of ordered domains, at least when compared with PCer segregation. In bilayers with an approximate inner-leaflet composition (sphingomyelin poor, cholesterol and aminophospholipid enriched), Cer-1P also failed to form ordered domains. PCer segregated into ordered domains only after the PCer/cholesterol ratio exceeded an approximate equimolar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Sazzad
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tomokazu Yasuda
- Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Thomas K M Nyholm
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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11
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Zulueta Díaz YDLM, Fanani ML. Crossregulation between the insertion of Hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine) into lipid membranes and their rheology and lateral structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Wnętrzak A, Łątka K, Makyła-Juzak K, Zemla J, Dynarowicz-Łątka P. The influence of an antitumor lipid - erucylphosphocholine - on artificial lipid raft system modeled as Langmuir monolayer. Mol Membr Biol 2016; 32:189-97. [PMID: 26911703 DOI: 10.3109/09687688.2015.1125537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Outer layer of cellular membrane contains ordered domains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, called 'lipid rafts', which play various biological roles, i.e., are involved in the induction of cell death by apoptosis. Recent studies have shown that these domains may constitute binding sites for selected drugs. For example alkylphosphocholines (APCs), which are new-generation antitumor agents characterized by high selectivity and broad spectrum of activity, are known to have their molecular targets located at cellular membrane and their selective accumulation in tumor cells has been hypothesized to be linked with the alternation of biophysical properties of lipid rafts. To get a deeper insight into this issue, interactions between representative APC: erucylphosphocholine, and artificial lipid raft system, modeled as Langmuir monolayer (composed of cholesterol and sphingomyelin mixed in 1:2 proportion) were investigated. The Langmuir monolayer experiments, based on recording surface pressure-area isotherms, were complemented with Brewster angle microscopy results, which enabled direct visualization of the monolayers structure. In addition, the investigated monolayers were transferred onto solid supports and studied with AFM. The interactions between model raft system and erucylphosphocholine were analyzed qualitatively (with mean molecular area values) as well as quantitatively (with ΔG(exc) function). The obtained results indicate that erucylphosphocholine introduced to raft-mimicking model membrane causes fluidizing effect and weakens the interactions between cholesterol and sphingomyelin, which results in phase separation at high surface pressures. This leads to the redistribution of cholesterol molecules in model raft, which confirms the results observed in biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Wnętrzak
- a Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza, Kraków and
| | - Kazimierz Łątka
- a Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza, Kraków and
| | | | - Joanna Zemla
- a Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza, Kraków and
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13
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Lubner SJ, Mullvain J, Perlman S, Pishvaian M, Mortimer J, Oliver K, Heideman J, Hall L, Weichert J, Liu G. A Phase 1, Multi-Center, Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study of 131I-CLR1404 in Subjects with Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Malignancies. Cancer Invest 2015; 33:483-9. [PMID: 26536061 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2015.1081691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the imaging and therapeutic properties of a novel radiopharmaceutical, (131)I-CLR1404. Phase 1a data demonstrated safety and tumor localization by SPECT-CT. This 1b study assessed safety, imaging characteristics, and possible antineoplastic properties and provided further proof-of-concept of phospholipid ether analogues' retention within tumors. A total of 10 patients received (131)I-CLR1404 in an adaptive dose-escalation design. Imaging characteristics were consistent with prior studies, showing tumor uptake in primary tumors and metastases. At doses of 31.25 mCi/m(2) and greater, DLTs were thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Disease-specific studies are underway to identify cancers most likely to benefit from (131)I-CLR1404 monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Joseph Lubner
- a University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
| | | | - Scott Perlman
- a University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Michael Pishvaian
- b Georgetown University Medical Center , Lombardi Cancer Center, Washington, DC , USA
| | - Joanne Mortimer
- c City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center , Duarte , CA , USA
| | | | - Jennifer Heideman
- a University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Lance Hall
- a University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Jamey Weichert
- a University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA.,d Cellectar Biosciences , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Glenn Liu
- a University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
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Mahadeo M, Nathoo S, Ganesan S, Driedger M, Zaremberg V, Prenner EJ. Disruption of lipid domain organization in monolayers of complex yeast lipid extracts induced by the lysophosphatidylcholine analogue edelfosine in vivo. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 191:153-62. [PMID: 26386399 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The lysophosphatidylcholine analogue edelfosine is a potent antitumor and antiparasitic drug that targets cell membranes. Previous studies have shown that edelfosine alters membrane domain organization inducing internalization of sterols and endocytosis of plasma membrane transporters. These early events affect signaling pathways that result in cell death. It has been shown that edelfosine preferentially partitions into more rigid lipid domains in mammalian as well as in yeast cells. In this work we aimed at investigating the effect of edelfosine on membrane domain organization using monolayers prepared from whole cell lipid extracts of cells treated with edelfosine compared to control conditions. In Langmuir monolayers we were able to detect important differences to the lipid packing of the membrane monofilm. Domain formation visualized by means of Brewster angle microscopy also showed major morphological changes between edelfosine treated versus control samples. Importantly, edelfosine resistant cells defective in drug uptake did not display the same differences. In addition, co-spread samples of control lipid extracts with edelfosine added post extraction did not fully mimic the results obtained with lipid extracts from treated cells. Altogether these results indicate that edelfosine induces changes in membrane domain organization and that these changes depend on drug uptake. Our work also validates the use of monolayers derived from complex cell lipid extracts combined with Brewster angle microscopy, as a sensitive approach to distinguish between conditions associated with susceptibility or resistance to lysophosphatidylcholine analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mahadeo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Safia Nathoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Suriakarthiga Ganesan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Michael Driedger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Vanina Zaremberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Elmar J Prenner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Cyclosporin A in Membrane Lipids Environment: Implications for Antimalarial Activity of the Drug--The Langmuir Monolayer Studies. J Membr Biol 2015; 248:1021-32. [PMID: 26077844 PMCID: PMC4611017 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA), a hydrophobic cyclic peptide produced by the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum, is well known for its high efficiency as an immunosuppressor for transplanted organs and anti-inflammatory properties; however, it is also active as antiparasitic (antimalarial) drug. Antimalarial mechanism of CsA action lacks a detailed understanding at molecular level. Due to a high lipophilicity of CsA, it is able to interact with lipids of cellular membrane; however, molecular targets of this drug are still unknown. To get a deeper insight into the mode of antimalarial activity of CsA, it is of utmost importance to examine its interactions with membrane components. To reach this goal, the Langmuir monolayer technique, which serves as a very useful, easy to handle and controllable model of biomembranes, has been employed. In this work, the interactions between CsA and main membrane lipids, i.e., cholesterol (Chol), 2-oleoyl-1-palmitoyl-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and sphingomyelin (SM), have been investigated. Attractive interactions are observed only for CsA mixtures with SM, while repulsive forces occur in systems containing remaining membrane lipids. Taking into consideration mutual interactions between membrane lipids (Chol-SM; Chol-POPC and SM-POPC), the behavior of CsA in model erythrocyte membrane of normal and infected cells has been analyzed. Our results prove strong affinity of CsA to SM in membrane environment. Since normal and parasitized erythrocytes differ significantly in the level of SM, this phospholipid may be considered as a molecular target for antimalarial activity of CsA.
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de Sá MM, Sresht V, Rangel-Yagui CO, Blankschtein D. Understanding Miltefosine-Membrane Interactions Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4503-4512. [PMID: 25819781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are used to calculate the free energies of transfer of miltefosine, an alkylphosphocholine anticancer agent, from water to lipid bilayers to study its mechanism of interaction with biological membranes. We consider bilayers containing lipids with different degrees of unsaturation: dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC, saturated, containing 0%, 10%, and 30% cholesterol), dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC, diunsaturated), palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC, monounsaturated), diarachidonoylphosphatidylcholine (DAPC, polyunsaturated), and dilinoleylphosphatidylcholine (DUPC, polyunsaturated). These free energies, calculated using umbrella sampling, were used to compute the partition coefficients (K) of miltefosine between water and the lipid bilayers. The K values for the bilayers relative to that of pure DPPC were found to be 5.3 (DOPC), 7.0 (POPC), 1.0 (DAPC), 2.2 (DUPC), 14.9 (10% cholesterol), and 76.2 (30% cholesterol). Additionally, we calculated the free energy of formation of miltefosine-cholesterol complexes by pulling the surfactant laterally in the DPPC + 30% cholesterol system. The free energy profile that we obtained provides further evidence that miltefosine tends to associate with cholesterol and has a propensity to partition into lipid rafts. We also quantified the kinetics of the transport of miltefosine through the various bilayers by computing permeance values. The highest permeance was observed in DUPC bilayers (2.28 × 10(-2) m/s) and the lowest permeance in the DPPC bilayer with 30% cholesterol (1.10 × 10(-7) m/s). Our simulation results show that miltefosine does indeed interact with lipid rafts, has a higher permeability in polyunsaturated, loosely organized bilayers, and has higher flip-flop rates in specific regions of cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Malta de Sá
- †Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
- ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Vishnu Sresht
- †Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | | | - Daniel Blankschtein
- †Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
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Iagher F, de Brito Belo SR, Souza WM, Nunes JR, Naliwaiko K, Sassaki GL, Bonatto SJR, de Oliveira HHP, Brito GAP, de Lima C, Kryczyk M, de Souza CF, Steffani JA, Nunes EA, Fernandes LC. Antitumor and anti-cachectic effects of shark liver oil and fish oil: comparison between independent or associative chronic supplementation in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:146. [PMID: 24131597 PMCID: PMC4015826 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shark liver oil (SLOil) and fish oil (FOil), which are respectively rich in alkylglycerols (AKGs) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are able to reduce the growth of some tumors and the burden of cachexia. It is known that FOil is able to reduce proliferation rate and increase apoptotic cells and lipid peroxidation of tumor cells efficiently. However, there are few reports revealing the influence of SLOil on these parameters. In the current study, effects of FOil chronic supplementation on tumor growth and cachexia were taken as reference to compare the results obtained with SLOil supplementation. Also, we evaluated if the association of SLOil and FOil was able to promote additive effects. METHODS Weanling male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: fed regular chow (C), supplemented (1 g/kg body weight) with SLOil (CSLO), FOil (CFO) and both (CSLO + FO). After 8 weeks half of each group was inoculated with Walker 256 cells originating new groups (W, WSLO, WFO and WSLO + FO). Biochemical parameters of cachexia, tumor weight, hydroperoxide content, proliferation rate and percentage of apoptotic tumor cells were analysed. Fatty acids and AKG composition of tumor and oils were obtained by high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey test. RESULTS Fourteen days after inoculation, SLOil was able to restore cachexia parameters to control levels, similarly to FOil. WSLO rats presented significantly lower tumor weight (40%), greater tumor cell apoptosis (~3-fold), decreased tumor cell proliferation (35%), and higher tumor content of lipid hydroperoxides (40%) than observed in W rats, but FOil showed more potent effects. Supplementation with SLOil + FOil did not promote additive effects. Additionally, chromatographic results suggested a potential incorporation competition between the n-3 fatty acids and the AKGs in the tumor cells' membranes. CONCLUSIONS SLOil is another marine source of lipids with similar FOil anti-cachectic capacity. Furthermore, despite being less potent than FOil, SLOil presented significant in vivo antitumor effects. These results suggest that the chronic supplementation with SLOil may be adjuvant of the anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Iagher
- Area of Biological and Health Sciences, West University of Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Brazil.
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18
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Tong S, Zhong H, Yi C, Cao X, Firempong CK, Zheng Q, Feng Y, Yu J, Xu X. Simultaneous HPLC determination of ergosterol and 22,23-dihydroergosterol inFlammulina velutipessterol-loaded microemulsion. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:247-54. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxue Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
- Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 9 Huangshan South Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212004 People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Caleb Kesse Firempong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Qianfeng Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Yingshu Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
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19
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Castro BM, Fedorov A, Hornillos V, Delgado J, Acuña AU, Mollinedo F, Prieto M. Edelfosine and miltefosine effects on lipid raft properties: membrane biophysics in cell death by antitumor lipids. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:7929-40. [PMID: 23738749 DOI: 10.1021/jp401407d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Edelfosine (1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine) and miltefosine (hexadecylphosphocholine) are synthetic alkylphospholipids (ALPs) that are reported to selectively accumulate in tumor cell membranes, inducing Fas clustering and activation on lipid rafts, triggering apoptosis. However, the exact mechanism by which these lipids elicit these events is still not fully understood. Recent studies propose that their mode of action might be related with alterations of lipid rafts biophysical properties caused by these lipid drugs. To achieve a clear understanding of this mechanism, we studied the effects of pharmacologically relevant amounts of edelfosine and miltefosine in the properties of model and cellular membranes. The influence of these molecules on membrane order, lateral organization, and lipid rafts molar fraction and size were studied by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence methods, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), confocal and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). We found that the global membrane and lipid rafts biophysical properties of both model and cellular membranes were not significantly affected by both the ALPs. Nonetheless, in model membranes, a mild increase in membrane fluidity induced by both alkyl lipids was detected, although this effect was more noticeable for edelfosine than miltefosine. This absence of drastic alterations shows for the first time that ALPs mode of action is unlikely to be directly linked to alterations of lipid rafts biophysical properties caused by these drugs. The biological implications of this result are discussed in the context of ALPs effects on lipid metabolism, mitochondria homeostasis modulation, and their relationship with tumor cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M Castro
- Centro de Química Física-Molecular and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, IST, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa , Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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20
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Wnętrzak A, Lątka K, Dynarowicz-Łątka P. Interactions of alkylphosphocholines with model membranes-the Langmuir monolayer study. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:453-66. [PMID: 23673723 PMCID: PMC3682106 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Alkylphosphocholines (APCs) belong to a class of synthetic antitumor lipids, which are new-generation anticancer agents. In contrast to traditional antitumor drugs, they do not attack the cell nucleus but, rather, the cellular membrane; however, their mechanism of action is not fully understood. This work compared the interactions of selected APCs [namely, hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine), octadecylphosphocholine and erucylphosphocholine] with the most important membrane lipids [cholesterol, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)] and examined their influence on a model membrane of tumor and normal cells. As a simple model of membranes, Langmuir monolayers prepared by mixing cholesterol either with a saturated phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), for a normal cell membrane, or with an unsaturated one (POPC), for a tumor cell membrane, have been applied. The APC–lipid interactions, based on experimental surface pressure (π) versus mean molecular area (A) isotherms, were analyzed qualitatively (with mean molecular area values) as well as quantitatively (with the ΔGexc function). Strong attractive interactions were observed for mixtures of APCs with cholesterol, contrary to the investigated phosphatidylcholines, for which the interactions were found to be weak with a tendency to separation of film components. In ternary monolayers it has been found that the investigated model systems (cholesterol/DPPC/APC vs cholesterol/POPC/APC) differ significantly as regards the interactions between film-forming molecules. The results demonstrate stronger interactions between the components of cholesterol/POPC/APC monolayers compared to cholesterol/POPC film, mimicking tumor cell membranes. In contrast, the interactions in cholesterol/DPPC/APC films were found to be weaker than those in the cholesterol/DPPC system, serving as a model of healthy cell membranes, thus proving that the incorporation of APCs is, from a thermodynamic point of view, unfavorable for binary cholesterol/DPPC monolayers. It can be concluded that the composition of healthy cell membranes is a natural barrier preventing the incorporation of APCs into normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Wnętrzak
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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21
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Sergelius C, Yamaguchi S, Yamamoto T, Engberg O, Katsumura S, Slotte JP. Cholesterol's interactions with serine phospholipids — A comparison of N-palmitoyl ceramide phosphoserine with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:785-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Anticancer mechanisms and clinical application of alkylphospholipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1831:663-74. [PMID: 23137567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic alkylphospholipids (ALPs), such as edelfosine, miltefosine, perifosine, erucylphosphocholine and erufosine, represent a relatively new class of structurally related antitumor agents that act on cell membranes rather than on DNA. They selectively target proliferating (tumor) cells, inducing growth arrest and apoptosis, and are potent sensitizers of conventional chemo- and radiotherapy. ALPs easily insert in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and cross the membrane via an ATP-dependent CDC50a-containing 'flippase' complex (in carcinoma cells), or are internalized by lipid raft-dependent endocytosis (in lymphoma/leukemic cells). ALPs resist catabolic degradation, therefore accumulate in the cell and interfere with lipid-dependent survival signaling pathways, notably PI3K-Akt and Raf-Erk1/2, and de novo phospholipid biosynthesis. At the same time, stress pathways (e.g. stress-activated protein kinase/JNK) are activated to promote apoptosis. In many preclinical and clinical studies, perifosine was the most effective ALP, mainly because it inhibits Akt activity potently and consistently, also in vivo. This property is successfully exploited clinically in highly malignant tumors, such as multiple myeloma and neuroblastoma, in which a tyrosine kinase receptor/Akt pathway is amplified. In such cases, perifosine therapy is most effective in combination with conventional anticancer regimens or with rapamycin-type mTOR inhibitors, and may overcome resistance to these agents. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Phospholipids and Phospholipid Metabolism.
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Smith EA, Wang W, Dea PK. Effects of cholesterol on phospholipid membranes: inhibition of the interdigitated gel phase of F-DPPC and F-DPPC/DPPC. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 165:151-9. [PMID: 22200532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Unlike the parent phospholipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), the monofluorinated analog, 1-palmitoyl-2-(16-fluoropalmitoyl)sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (F-DPPC), spontaneously forms an interdigitated gel phase (L(β)I) below the main transition temperature (T(m)). We have examined the effects of introducing cholesterol to F-DPPC and 1:1 F-DPPC/DPPC membranes using a combination of DSC, optical density, fluorescence intensity and polarization, (31)P NMR, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Cholesterol increases the fluidity of the gel phase, broadens the main transition, and decreases the main transition enthalpy. However, these results also reveal that there is an unusually large degree of phase coexistence between the L(β)I and non-interdigitated gel phases when cholesterol is added. Cholesterol encourages this phase segregation by partitioning into the thicker non-interdigitated domains. At higher cholesterol concentrations, the majority or all of the L(β)I phase of F-DPPC and 1:1 F-DPPC/DPPC is eliminated and is replaced by a non-interdigitated liquid-ordered (l(o)) phase with properties similar to DPPC/cholesterol. Consequently, cholesterol mitigates the influence the CF moiety has on the thermodynamic phase behavior of F-DPPC. Our findings demonstrate that there are multiple characteristics of cholesterol-rich membranes that disfavor interdigitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA
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24
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Pliavnik NV, Kramareva TV, Serebrennikova GA. [Synthesis of cationic ether glycerolipids with heterocyclic nitrogen containing bases as polar domains]. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011; 37:552-8. [PMID: 22096998 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162011040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of new antitumor ether glycerolipids with various heterocyclic nitrogen-containing bases as polar domains is described. We propose synthetic scheme for cationic lipids containing aliphatic short-chain substituents in the heterocyclic polar head.
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25
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Gimpl G, Gehrig-Burger K. Probes for studying cholesterol binding and cell biology. Steroids 2011; 76:216-31. [PMID: 21074546 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a multifunctional lipid in eukaryotic cells. It regulates the physical state of the phospholipid bilayer, is crucially involved in the formation of membrane microdomains, affects the activity of many membrane proteins, and is the precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids. Thus, cholesterol plays a profound role in the physiology and pathophysiology of eukaryotic cells. The cholesterol molecule has achieved evolutionary perfection to fulfill its different functions in membrane organization. Here, we review basic approaches to explore the interaction of cholesterol with proteins, with a particular focus on the high diversity of fluorescent and photoreactive cholesterol probes available today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Gimpl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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26
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Hąc-Wydro K, Dynarowicz-Łątka P. Searching for the role of membrane sphingolipids in selectivity of antitumor ether lipid–edelfosine. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 81:492-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Zhang H, Rodgers EW, Krenz WDC, Clark MC, Baro DJ. Cell specific dopamine modulation of the transient potassium current in the pyloric network by the canonical D1 receptor signal transduction cascade. J Neurophysiol 2010; 104:873-84. [PMID: 20519576 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00195.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) modifies the motor pattern generated by the pyloric network in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus, by directly acting on each of the circuit neurons. The 14 pyloric neurons fall into six cell types, and DA actions are cell type specific. The transient potassium current mediated by shal channels (I(A)) is a common target of DA modulation in most cell types. DA shifts the voltage dependence of I(A) in opposing directions in pyloric dilator (PD) versus lateral pyloric (LP) neurons. The mechanism(s) underpinning cell-type specific DA modulation of I(A) is unknown. DA receptors (DARs) can be classified as type 1 (D1R) or type 2 (D2R). D1Rs and D2Rs are known to increase and decrease intracellular cAMP concentrations, respectively. We hypothesized that the opposing DA effects on PD and LP I(A) were due to differences in DAR expression patterns. In the present study, we found that LP expressed somatodendritic D1Rs that were concentrated near synapses but did not express D2Rs. Consistently, DA modulation of LP I(A) was mediated by a Gs-adenylyl cyclase-cAMP-protein kinase A pathway. Additionally, we defined antagonists for lobster D1Rs (flupenthixol) and D2Rs (metoclopramide) in a heterologous expression system and showed that DA modulation of LP I(A) was blocked by flupenthixol but not by metoclopramide. We previously showed that PD neurons express D2Rs, but not D1Rs, thus supporting the idea that cell specific effects of DA on I(A) are due to differences in receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302-4010, USA
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Danker K, Reutter W, Semini G. Glycosidated phospholipids: uncoupling of signalling pathways at the plasma membrane. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 160:36-47. [PMID: 20331609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell expansion and metastasis are considered hallmarks of tumour progression. Therefore, efforts have been made to develop novel anti-cancer drugs that inhibit both the proliferation and the motility of tumour cells. Synthetic alkylphospholipids, compounds with aliphatic side chains that are ether linked to a glycerol backbone, are structurally derived from platelet-activating factor and represent a new class of drugs with anti-proliferative properties in tumour cells. These compounds do not interfere with the DNA or mitotic spindle apparatus of the cell. Instead, they are incorporated into cell membranes, where they accumulate and interfere with lipid metabolism and lipid-dependent signalling pathways. Recently, it has been shown that the most commonly studied alkylphospholipids inhibit proliferation by inducing apoptosis in malignant cells while leaving normal cells unaffected. This review focuses on a novel group of synthetic alkylphospholipids, the glycosidated phospholipids, which contain carbohydrates or carbohydrate-related molecules at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. Members of this subfamily also exhibit anti-proliferative capacity and modulate the cell adhesion, differentiation, and migration of tumour cells. Among this group, Ino-C2-PAF shows the highest efficacy and low cytotoxicity. Apart from its anti-proliferative effect, Ino-C2-PAF strongly reduces cell motility via its inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of the cytosolic tyrosine kinases FAK and Src. Signalling pathways under the control of the FAK/Src complex are normally required for both migration and proliferation and play a prominent role in tumour progression. We intend to highlight the potential of glycosidated phospholipids, especially Ino-C2-PAF, as a promising new group of drugs for the treatment of hyperproliferative and migration-based skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Danker
- Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Institut fuer Biochemie, Monbijoustr, Berlin.
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29
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Abstract
Cholesterol is a major constituent of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells. It regulates the physical state of the phospholipid bilayer and is crucially involved in the formation of membrane microdomains. Cholesterol also affects the activity of several membrane proteins, and is the precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids. Here, methods are described that are used to explore the binding and/or interaction of proteins to cholesterol. For this purpose, a variety of cholesterol probes bearing radio-, spin-, photoaffinity- or fluorescent labels are currently available. Examples of proven cholesterol binding molecules are polyene compounds, cholesterol-dependent cytolysins, enzymes accepting cholesterol as substrate, and proteins with cholesterol binding motifs. Main topics of this report are the localization of candidate membrane proteins in cholesterol-rich microdomains, the issue of specificity of cholesterol- protein interactions, and applications of the various cholesterol probes for these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Gimpl
- Institut für Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Johann-Joachim-Becherweg 30, Mainz, Germany.
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Ha̧c-Wydro K, Dynarowicz-Ła̧tka P, Żuk R. Langmuir Monolayer Study toward Combined Antileishmanian Therapy Involving Amphotericin B and Edelfosine. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:14239-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9032996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ha̧c-Wydro
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland, and M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Dynarowicz-Ła̧tka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland, and M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Radosław Żuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland, and M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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31
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Ausili A, Torrecillas A, Aranda FJ, Mollinedo F, Gajate C, Corbalán-García S, de Godos A, Gómez-Fernández JC. Edelfosine is incorporated into rafts and alters their organization. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:11643-54. [PMID: 18712919 DOI: 10.1021/jp802165n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effect of edelfosine (1- O-octadecyl-2- O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine or ET-18-OCH3) on model membranes containing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/sphingomyelin/cholesterol (POPC/SM/cholesterol) was studied by several physical techniques. The sample POPC/SM (1:1 molar ratio) showed a broad phase transition as seen by DSC, X-ray diffraction, and 2H NMR. The addition of edelfosine to this sample produced isotropic structures at temperatures above the phase transition, as seen by 2H NMR and by 31P NMR. When cholesterol was added to give a POPC/SM/cholesterol (at a molar ratio 1:1:1), no transition was observed by DSC nor X-ray diffraction, and 2H NMR indicated the presence of a liquid ordered phase. The addition of 10 mol % edelfosine increased the thickness of the membrane as seen by X-ray diffraction and led to bigger differences in the values of the molecular order of the membrane detected at high and low temperatures, as detected through the M 1 first spectral moment from 2H NMR. These differences were even greater when 20 mol % edelfosine was added, and a transition was now clearly visible by DSC. In addition, a gel phase was clearly indicated by X-ray diffraction at low temperatures. The same technique pointed to greater membrane thickness in this mixture and to the appearance of a second membrane structure, indicating the formation of two separated phases in the presence of edelfosine. All of these data strongly suggest that edelfosine associating with cholesterol alter the phase status present in a POPC/SM/cholesterol (1:1:1 molar ratio) mixture, which is reputed to be a model of a raft structure. However, cell experiments showed that edelfosine colocalizes in vivo with rafts and that it may reach concentrations higher than 20 mol % of total lipid, indicating that the concentrations used in the biophysical experiments were within what can be expected in a cell membrane. The conclusion is that molecular ways of action of edelfosine in cells may involve the modification of the structure of rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Ausili
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular A, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Apartado de Correos 4021, Murcia, Spain
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32
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Busto JV, Del Canto-Jañez E, Goñi FM, Mollinedo F, Alonso A. Combination of the anti-tumour cell ether lipid edelfosine with sterols abolishes haemolytic side effects of the drug. J Chem Biol 2008; 1:89-94. [PMID: 19568801 DOI: 10.1007/s12154-008-0009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Edelfosine (1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is an anti-tumour cell ether lipid with surface-active properties. Pure edelfosine can be dispersed in aqueous media in the form of micelles. One important, negative side effect of edelfosine is that it is highly haemolytic. In this paper, we show that edelfosine can be co-dispersed in water with certain lipids (particularly cholesterol, campesterol or beta-sitosterol) so that it gives rise to liposomes. Surface pressure measurements demonstrate that edelfosine is slowly released from these liposomes. In liposomal form, edelfosine remains apoptogenic for a variety of leukemia cell lines, while its haemolytic effect is abolished. The phenomenon is explained on the basis of the complementarity of the molecular geometries of sterols and edelfosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon V Busto
- Unidad de Biofísica (Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
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33
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Abstract
Cholesterol is a major constituent of the membranes in most eukaryotic cells where it fulfills multiple functions. Cholesterol regulates the physical state of the phospholipid bilayer, affects the activity of several membrane proteins, and is the precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids. Cholesterol plays a crucial role in the formation of membrane microdomains such as "lipid rafts" and caveolae. However, our current understanding on the membrane organization, intracellular distribution and trafficking of cholesterol is rather poor. This is mainly due to inherent difficulties to label and track this small lipid. In this review, we describe different approaches to detect cholesterol in vitro and in vivo. Cholesterol reporter molecules can be classified in two groups: cholesterol binding molecules and cholesterol analogues. The enzyme cholesterol oxidase is used for the determination of cholesterol in serum and food. Susceptibility to cholesterol oxidase can provide information about localization, transfer kinetics, or transbilayer distribution of cholesterol in membranes and cells. The polyene filipin forms a fluorescent complex with cholesterol and is commonly used to visualize the cellular distribution of free cholesterol. Perfringolysin O, a cholesterol binding cytolysin, selectively recognizes cholesterol-rich structures. Photoreactive cholesterol probes are appropriate tools to analyze or to identify cholesterol binding proteins. Among the fluorescent cholesterol analogues one can distinguish probes with intrinsic fluorescence (e.g., dehydroergosterol) from those possessing an attached fluorophore group. We summarize and critically discuss the features of the different cholesterol reporter molecules with a special focus on recent imaging approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Gimpl
- Institut für Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Becherweg 30, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
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34
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Gehrmann M, Radons J, Molls M, Multhoff G. The therapeutic implications of clinically applied modifiers of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression by tumor cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2008; 13:1-10. [PMID: 18347936 PMCID: PMC2666213 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-007-0006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Revised: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence that membrane-bound and extracellular heat shock proteins (HSPs) with molecular weights of 70 and 90 kDa are potent stimulators of the immune responses has accumulated over the last decade. In this review, we discuss the modulation of Hsp70 expression, a major stress-inducible member of the HSP70 family, in the cytoplasm and on the plasma membrane of tumor cells by clinically applied interventions such as radio- and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gehrmann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)–Institute of Pathology, Clinical Cooperation Group “Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology”, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Radons
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, Clinical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Molls
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)–Institute of Pathology, Clinical Cooperation Group “Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology”, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)–Institute of Pathology, Clinical Cooperation Group “Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology”, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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35
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van der Luit AH, Vink SR, Klarenbeek JB, Perrissoud D, Solary E, Verheij M, van Blitterswijk WJ. A new class of anticancer alkylphospholipids uses lipid rafts as membrane gateways to induce apoptosis in lymphoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6:2337-45. [PMID: 17699729 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-07-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Single-chain alkylphospholipids, unlike conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, act on cell membranes to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. We tested four different alkylphospholipids, i.e., edelfosine, perifosine, erucylphosphocholine, and compound D-21805, as inducers of apoptosis in the mouse lymphoma cell line S49. We compared their mechanism of cellular entry and their potency to induce apoptosis through inhibition of de novo biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine at the endoplasmic reticulum. Alkylphospholipid potency closely correlated with the degree of phosphatidylcholine synthesis inhibition in the order edelfosine > D-21805 > erucylphosphocholine > perifosine. In all cases, exogenous lysophosphatidylcholine, an alternative source for cellular phosphatidylcholine production, could partly rescue cells from alkylphospholipid-induced apoptosis, suggesting that phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis is a direct target for apoptosis induction. Cellular uptake of each alkylphospholipid was dependent on lipid rafts because pretreatment of cells with the raft-disrupting agents, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, filipin, or bacterial sphingomyelinase, reduced alkylphospholipid uptake and/or apoptosis induction and alleviated the inhibition of phosphatidylcholine synthesis. Uptake of all alkylphospholipids was inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated blockage of sphingomyelin synthase (SMS1), which was previously shown to block raft-dependent endocytosis. Similar to edelfosine, perifosine accumulated in (isolated) lipid rafts independent on raft sphingomyelin content per se. However, perifosine was more susceptible than edelfosine to back-extraction by fatty acid-free serum albumin, suggesting a more peripheral location in the cell due to less effective internalization. Overall, our results suggest that lipid rafts are critical membrane portals for cellular entry of alkylphospholipids depending on SMS1 activity and, therefore, are potential targets for alkylphospholipid anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold H van der Luit
- Division of Cellular Biochemistry, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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36
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Nagy E, Balogi Z, Gombos I, Åkerfelt M, Björkbom A, Balogh G, Török Z, Maslyanko A, Fiszer-Kierzkowska A, Lisowska K, Slotte PJ, Sistonen L, Horváth I, Vígh L. Hyperfluidization-coupled membrane microdomain reorganization is linked to activation of the heat shock response in a murine melanoma cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:7945-50. [PMID: 17470815 PMCID: PMC1876552 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0702557104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting of the Hsp function in tumor cells is currently being assessed as potential anticancer therapy. An improved understanding of the molecular signals that trigger or attenuate the stress protein response is essential for advances to be made in this field. The present study provides evidence that the membrane fluidizer benzyl alcohol (BA), a documented nondenaturant, acts as a chaperone inducer in B16(F10) melanoma cells. It is demonstrated that this effect relies basically on heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) activation. Under the conditions tested, the BA-induced Hsp response involves the up-regulation of a subset of hsp genes. It is shown that the same level of membrane fluidization (estimated in the core membrane region) attained with the closely analogous phenethyl alcohol (PhA) does not generate a stress protein signal. BA, at a concentration that activates heat shock genes, exerts a profound effect on the melting of raft-like cholesterol-sphingomyelin domains in vitro, whereas PhA, at a concentration equipotent with BA in membrane fluidization, has no such effect. Furthermore, through the in vivo labeling of melanoma cells with a fluorescein labeled probe that inserts into the cholesterol-rich membrane domains [fluorescein ester of polyethylene glycol-derivatized cholesterol (fPEG-Chol)], we found that, similarly to heat stress per se, BA, but not PhA, initiates profound alterations in the plasma membrane microdomain structure. We suggest that, apart from membrane hyperfluidization in the deep hydrophobic region, a distinct reorganization of cholesterol-rich microdomains may also be required for the generation and transmission of stress signals to activate hsp genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Nagy
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Balogi
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Gombos
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Malin Åkerfelt
- Department of Biology, Turku Center for Biotechnology, and
| | - Anders Björkbom
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Abo Akademi University, FI-20500, Turku, Finland; and
| | - Gábor Balogh
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Török
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andriy Maslyanko
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Fiszer-Kierzkowska
- Department of Tumor Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 02-781, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lisowska
- Department of Tumor Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 02-781, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Peter J. Slotte
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Abo Akademi University, FI-20500, Turku, Finland; and
| | - Lea Sistonen
- Department of Biology, Turku Center for Biotechnology, and
| | - Ibolya Horváth
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vígh
- *Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
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