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Rishi JK, Timme K, White HE, Kerns KC, Keating AF. Trajectory of primordial follicle depletion is accelerated in obese mice in response to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:483-495. [PMID: 38625059 PMCID: PMC11327319 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Both obesity and exposure to environmental genotoxicants, such as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, negatively impair female reproductive health. Hyperphagic lean KK.Cg-a/a (n = 8) and obese KK.Cg-Ay/J (n = 10) mice were exposed to corn oil as vehicle control (CT) or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (1 mg/kg/day) for 7d intraperitoneally, followed by a recovery period. Obesity increased liver and spleen weight (P < 0.05), and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure decreased uterine weight (P < 0.05) in obese mice. Primordial follicle loss (P < 0.05) caused by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure was observed in obese mice only. Primary (lean P < 0.1; obese P < 0.05) and secondary (lean P < 0.05, obese P < 0.1) follicle loss initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure continued across recovery. Reduced pre-antral follicle number in lean mice (P < 0.05), regardless of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure, was evident with no effect on antral follicles or corpora lutea number. Immunofluorescence staining of DNA damage marker, γH2AX, did not indicate ongoing DNA damage but TRP53 abundance was decreased in follicles (P < 0.05) of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-exposed obese mice. In contrast, increased (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase was observed in the corpora lutea of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-exposed obese mice and reduced (P < 0.05) TRP53 abundance was noted in preantral and antral follicles of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-exposed obese mice. This study indicates that obesity influences ovotoxicity caused by a genotoxicant, potentially involving accelerated primordial follicle activation and hampering normal follicular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet K Rishi
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Kelsey Timme
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Hunter E White
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Karl C Kerns
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Aileen F Keating
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
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2
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Suhail N, Aftab T, Alruwaili A, Alruwaili D. Effects of Multivitamin-Mineral Supplementation on Chronic Stress-Induced Oxidative Damage in Swiss Albino Mice. Cureus 2024; 16:e61896. [PMID: 38975563 PMCID: PMC11227871 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stress is a hazardous occurrence that causes a variety of physiological and behavioral responses in a person. It increases energy metabolism and enhances oxidative stress, both of which are implicated in the pathophysiology of several diseases. Numerous vitamins and minerals have the ability to modulate oxidative stress. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multivitamin-mineral (MM) supplement in addressing oxidative imbalances caused by chronic stress in the plasma, hepatic, and renal tissues of Swiss albino mice. METHODS Thirty healthy male Swiss albino mice were randomly assigned to one of the three groups, with 10 animals each: control, unpredictable chronic stress (UCS), and MM + UCS. The experiment lasted for four weeks, after which all the animals underwent cervical decapitation, and samples of their blood, liver, and kidney were taken for biochemical studies. DNA damage analysis was performed on lymphocytes. RESULTS Exposure to UCS negatively affected all biochemical markers, as indicated by reduced levels of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and reduced glutathione) in the plasma, liver, and kidney tissues, along with enhanced levels of lipid peroxidation and marker enzymes. MM supplementation normalized the deranged biochemical markers in stress-exposed mice. The results of DNA damage supported the biochemical findings mentioned above. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that MM supplementation could help reduce oxidative disturbances caused by stress in both healthy and diseased conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Suhail
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | - Tehreem Aftab
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | - Anwar Alruwaili
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | - Daliyah Alruwaili
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
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3
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Saeed RA, Khan MI, Butt MS, Faisal MN. Phytochemical screening of Prunus avium for its antioxidative and anti-mutagenic potential against DMBA-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1132356. [PMID: 37266135 PMCID: PMC10231329 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1132356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Scope Prunus avium fruit is the richer source of phenolics known to exert anticancer and anti-invasive activities. The study aimed at elucidating antiproliferative and chemo-preventive potential of sweet cherries (P. avium) against the in vivo hepatocarcinoma model. Methods and results The quantification of ultrasound-assisted extract (UAE) of P. avium depicted anthocyanins, ferulic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, syringic acid and p- and m-coumaric acids as major phytochemicals. The hepatocarcinoma (HCC) was induced in rats through intraperitoneal administration of DMBA (20 mg/kg B.W) once a week for the period of eight weeks. The intragastric administration of P. avium UAE, as cotreatment (500 mg/Kg B.W) to treatment group, significantly (p < 0.01) attenuated the raised serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as total oxidative stress (TOS) and enhanced total antioxidant capacity TAOC in contrast to diseased rats. Moreover, microscopic examination of hepatic tissues confirmed the pleomorphism, nests of neoplastic hepatocytes and necrosis in HCC-bearing rats as compared to extract-fed rats, where these necrotic changes were suppressed. Besides, qRT-PCR analysis of hepatic tissues demonstrated the higher mRNA expression of CHEK1, CHEK2 and P21/CDKN1α genes, while downexpression of ATM gene in extract fed rats, further denoting the anti-mutagenic potential. Conclusion Consequently, the polyphenol-rich sweet cherries UAE exhibited antiproliferative and chemo-preventive potential by reducing tumor biomarkers, serum transaminases and oxidative stress, as well as enhancing antioxidant status. It further upregulated the downstream targets of ATM signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raakia Anam Saeed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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da Silva Junior FC, Felipe MBMC, Castro DEFD, Araújo SCDS, Sisenando HCN, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR. A look beyond the priority: A systematic review of the genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic endpoints of non-priority PAHs. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116838. [PMID: 33714059 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the toxic potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has increased over time. Much of this knowledge is about the 16 United States - Environmental Protection Agency (US - EPA) priority PAHs; however, there are other US - EPA non-priority PAHs in the environment, whose toxic potential is underestimated. We conducted a systematic review of in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies to assess the genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity of 13 US - EPA non-priority parental PAHs present in the environment. Electronic databases, such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, were used to search for research with selected terms without time restrictions. After analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, 249 articles, published between 1946 and 2020, were selected and the quality assessment of these studies was performed. The results showed that 5-methylchrysene (5-MC), 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (7,12-DMBA), cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP), and dibenzo[al]pyrene (Db[al]P) were the most studied PAHs. Moreover, 5-MC, 7,12-DMBA, benz[j]aceanthrylene (B[j]A), CPP, anthanthrene (ANT), dibenzo[ae]pyrene (Db[ae]P), and Db[al]P have been reported to cause mutagenic effects and have been being associated with a risk of carcinogenicity. Retene (RET) and benzo[c]fluorene (B[c]F), the least studied compounds, showed evidence of a strong influence on the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity endpoints. Overall, this systematic review provided evidence of the genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic endpoints of US - EPA non-priority PAHs. However, further studies are needed to improve the future protocols of environmental analysis and risk assessment in severely exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Carlos da Silva Junior
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Denis Elvis Farias de Castro
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Sinara Carla da Silva Araújo
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Herbert Costa Nóbrega Sisenando
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Batistuzzo de Medeiros
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Wuyung PE, Rahadiati FB, Tjahjadi H, Salinah S, Kusmardi K, Kodariah R, Wiweko B. Histopathology and ARID1A Expression in Endometriosis- Associated Ovarian Carcinoma (EAOC) Carcinogenesis Model with Endometrial Autoimplantation and DMBA Induction. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:553-558. [PMID: 33639673 PMCID: PMC8190335 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.2.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most deadly malignancies in the gynecologic field. The cause is not yet known, and the clinical symptoms are not specific. Endometrioid carcinoma and ovarian clear cell carcinoma can originate from endometriosis and are known as endometriosis-related ovarian carcinoma (EAOC). Development of EAOC experimental animal models is needed for basic research and clinical preparation of human tissue tests. This study aimed to determine the role of the ARID1A gene mutation in the carcinogenetic process of EAOC in experimental animal models induced with DMBA. METHODS In this study, the EAOC experimental model was developed using the autoimplantation technique and DMBA induction. This study involved placebo surgery mice (sham), endometrial autoimplantation, and a combination of endometrial autoimplantation and DMBA induction, which were sacrificed at weeks 5, 10, and 20, respectively. Histopathological assessment and immunohistochemical ARID1A staining with an assessment of positive percentages were carried out on 200 cells. RESULTS This study produced 1 (20%) atypical endometriosis and 1 (20%) clear cell carcinoma at implantation and after 10 weeks of DMBA induction, and 100% endometrioid carcinoma in the DMBA-induced group. ARID1A staining did not show any significant difference (p = 0.313) in all groups. CONCLUSION The combination of endometrial autoimplantation techniques and DMBA induction in the ovary produced atypical endometriosis, clear cell carcinoma, and endometrioid carcinoma, where time is an important factor. There was no significant difference in ARID1A expression between the treatment and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puspita Eka Wuyung
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia.,Animal Research Facilities, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
| | - Familia Bella Rahadiati
- Specialty Programme in Anatomical Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
| | - Hartono Tjahjadi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
| | - Salinah Salinah
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
| | - Kusmardi Kusmardi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
| | - Ria Kodariah
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
| | - Budi Wiweko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia.,Human Reproduction, Infertility, and Family Planning, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
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Restraint stress abates the antioxidant potential of melatonin on dimethyl benz (a) anthracene (DMBA) induced carcinogenesis. Med Oncol 2020; 37:96. [PMID: 32990835 PMCID: PMC7522450 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-01422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Free radical involvement in initiation, promotion and progression of carcinogenesis, implicates that scavengers of free radicals may act as inhibitors in the carcinogenic process. Melatonin, an antioxidant was used in the present study to evaluate its effectiveness on skin carcinogenesis induced by DMBA both with and without chronic restraint stress (CRS). Fifty Swiss albino young male rats were divided into five groups of 10 rats each as controls, topical DMB alone, Pre CRS-DMBA, melatonin DMBA and Pre-CRS-DMBA-melatonin treated groups. After 18 weeks blood was collected along with liver and skin samples. These were used for antioxidant enzyme assay, DNA damage and fluorescent spectra analysis. Melatonin showed antioxidant potential in combatting DMBA induced skin carcinogenesis measured by free radical scavenging enzymes and in vivo antioxidant status, DNA damage. Sensitive detection of the DMBA induced micro biochemical changes was possible by fluorescent spectroscopy from the transformed ratio of fluorescent intensity (F1 530 nm/630 nm) otherwise found constant for normal tissues. By melatonin treatment this ratio was similar to control values. The decreased antioxidant biochemical parameters depicting oxidative stress were comparable to comet assay and fluorescent studies, endorsing the chemo-preventive efficacy of melatonin against skin carcinogenesis caused by DMBA. CRS pre-exposure diminished the chemo-preventive/antioxidant ability of melatonin and the results were same as DMBA alone treatment, showing stress affected both cancer development and chemoprevention. CRS decreased the antioxidant potential of melatonin. Hence, managing stress could be perceived in cancer chemoprevention. Further studies focusing on stress reduction are needed.
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Suhail N, Bilal N, Hasan S, Banu N. Pre-Exposure to Chronic Unpredictable Stress Suppresses the Chemopreventive Potential of Aloe Vera (Av) Leaf Gel Against 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) Induced Carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:272-284. [PMID: 30663405 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1560482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the topical application of aloe vera (Av) leaf gel as a protective natural product against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin lesions in Swiss albino mice and as an antioxidant for the systemic toxicity of DMBA in the presence and absence of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). Animals were randomized into seven groups and sacrificed after 16 weeks of treatment. Av gel application along with DMBA + 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was found to be effective in reducing tumor incidence, cumulative number of papillomas, tumor burden and tumor yield when compared to untreated groups. Furthermore, topical treatment with Av gel significantly increased the overall in vivo antioxidant status of mice. Conversely, lipid peroxidation levels were significantly decreased in skin and circulation. However, pre-exposure to CUS followed by DMBA + TPA + Av gel application reduced the chemopreventive efficacy of Av gel as evidenced by increased tumor incidence, tumor burden, tumor yield and MDA levels accompanied by decrease in the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. These observations were further supported by the results of fluorescent studies and comet assay. The study demonstrates a reduction in the antioxidant and antitumor potential of Av gel in presence of CUS thereby, signifying the need of stress reduction during cancer chemopreventive trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Suhail
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) , Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh , India.,b Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Northern Border University , Arar , Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayeem Bilal
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) , Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Shirin Hasan
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) , Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh , India.,c The Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Naheed Banu
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) , Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh , India.,d College of Medical Rehabilitation , Qassim University , Qassim , Buraydah , Saudi Arabia
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8
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Rauner G, Ledet MM, Van de Walle GR. Conserved and variable: Understanding mammary stem cells across species. Cytometry A 2017; 93:125-136. [PMID: 28834173 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Postnatal mammary gland development requires the presence of mammary stem and progenitor cells (MaSC), which give rise to functional milk-secreting cells and regenerate the mammary epithelium with each cycle of lactation. These long-lived, tissue-resident MaSC are also targets for malignant transformation and may be cancer cells-of-origin. Consequently, MaSC are extensively researched in relation to their role and function in development, tissue regeneration, lactation, and breast cancer. The basic structure and function of the mammary gland are conserved among all mammalian species, from the most primitive to the most evolved. However, species vary greatly in their lactation strategies and mammary cancer incidence, making MaSC an interesting focus for comparative research. MaSC have been characterized in mice, to a lesser degree in humans, and to an even lesser degree in few additional mammals. They remain uncharacterized in most mammalian species, including "ancient" monotremes, marsupials, wild, and rare species, as well as in common and domestic species such as cats. Identification and comparison of MaSC across a large variety of species, particularly those with extreme lactational adaptations or low mammary cancer incidence, is expected to deepen our understanding of development and malignancy in the mammary gland. Here, we review the current status of MaSC characterization across species, and underline species variations in lactation and mammary cancer through which we may learn about the role of MaSC in these processes. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gat Rauner
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Hungerford Hill Road, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Melissa M Ledet
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Hungerford Hill Road, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Gerlinde R Van de Walle
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Hungerford Hill Road, Ithaca, New York 14853
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Bilal N, Suhail N, Hasan S, Ashraf GM, Fatima S, Khan HY, Alharbi MS, Alexiou A, Banu N. Exacerbation of N-nitrosodiethylamine Induced Hepatotoxicity and DNA Damage in Mice Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Stress. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:360. [PMID: 28663731 PMCID: PMC5472085 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress contributes to increased susceptibility to a number of diseases including cancer. The present study was designed to assess the effect of chronic unpredictable stress on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced liver toxicity in terms of in vivo antioxidant status and DNA damage in Swiss albino mice. The animals used in this study were randomized into different groups based on the treatment with N-nitrosodiethylamine or chronic unpredictable stress alone and post-stress administration of N-nitrosodiethylamine. The mice were sacrificed after 12 weeks of treatment, and the status of major enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, liver function markers, lipid peroxidation and the extent of DNA damage were determined in circulation and liver tissues of all the groups. The N-nitrosodiethylamine treated group showed significantly compromised levels of the antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and the liver function markers with enhanced DNA damage as compared to chronic unpredictable stress or control groups. A similar but less typical pattern observed in the chronic unpredictable stress treated mice. All the measured biochemical parameters were significantly altered in the group treated with the combination of chronic unpredictable stress and N-nitrosodiethylamine when compared to controls, or chronic unpredictable stress alone and/or N-nitrosodiethylamine alone treated groups. Thus, exposure to continuous, unpredictable stress conditions even in general life may significantly enhance the hepatotoxic potential of N-nitrosodiethylamine through an increase in the oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeem Bilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | - Nida Suhail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border UniversityArar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shirin Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India.,Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, MaywoodIL, United States
| | - Ghulam M Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabiha Fatima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husain Y Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | - Mariam S Alharbi
- College of Medical RehabilitationQassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Naheed Banu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India.,College of Medical RehabilitationQassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Hasan S, Suhail N, Bilal N, Ashraf GM, Zaidi SK, AlNohair S, Banu N. Chronic unpredictable stress deteriorates the chemopreventive efficacy of pomegranate through oxidative stress pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:5999-6006. [PMID: 26596837 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) can influence the risk and progression of cancer through increased oxidative stress. Pomegranate is known to protect carcinogenesis through its anti-oxidative properties. This study is carried out to examine whether CUS affects the chemopreventive potential of pomegranate through oxidative stress pathway. Role of CUS on early stages of 7, 12 dimethyl benz(a) anthracene (DMBA) induced carcinogenesis, and its pre-exposure effect on chemopreventive efficacy of pomegranate juice (PJ) was examined in terms of in vivo antioxidant and biochemical parameters in Swiss albino rats. Rats were divided in various groups and were subjected to CUS paradigm, DMBA administration (65 mg/kg body weight, single dose), and PJ treatment. Exposure to stress (alone) and DMBA (alone) led to increased oxidative stress by significantly decreasing the antioxidant enzymes activities and altering the glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels. A significant increase in DNA damage demonstrated by comet assay was seen in the liver cells. Stress exposure to DMBA-treated rats further increased the oxidative stress and disturbed the biochemical parameters as compared to DMBA (alone)-treated rats. Chemoprevention with PJ in DMBA (alone)-treated rats restored the altered parameters. However, in the pre-stress DMBA-treated rats, the overall antioxidant potential of PJ was significantly diminished. Our results indicate that chronic stress not only increases the severity of carcinogenesis but also diminishes the anti-oxidative efficacy of PJ. In a broader perspective, special emphasis should be given to stress management and healthy diet during cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Nida Suhail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayeem Bilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Kashif Zaidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan AlNohair
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Naheed Banu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- College of Medical Rehabilitation, Qassim University, P.O. Box 2100, Buraydah, 51451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Suhail N, Bilal N, Hasan S, Ahmad A, Ashraf GM, Banu N. Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) enhances the carcinogenic potential of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and accelerates the onset of tumor development in Swiss albino mice. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:1023-36. [PMID: 26272695 PMCID: PMC4595425 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Social stressors evolving from individual and population interactions produce stress reactions in many organisms (including humans), influencing homeostasis, altering the activity of the immunological system, and thus leading to various pathological states including cancer and their progression. The present study sought to validate the effectiveness of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) in cancer promotion and to assess oxidative stress outcomes in terms of various in vivo biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, DNA damage, and the development of skin tumors in Swiss albino mice. Animals were randomized into different groups based on their exposure to CUS alone, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) alone (topical), and DMBA-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (topical) and exposure to CUS prior to DMBA or DMBA-TPA treatments and sacrificed after 16 weeks of treatment. Prior exposure to CUS significantly increased the pro-oxidant effect of carcinogen, depicted by compromised levels of antioxidants in the circulation and skin, accompanied by enhanced lipid peroxidation, plasma corticosterone, and marker enzymes as compared to DMBA-alone or DMBA-TPA treatments. DNA damage results corroborated the above biochemical outcomes. Also, the development of skin tumors (in terms of their incidence, tumor yield, and tumor burden) in mice in the presence and absence of stress further strongly supported our above biochemical measurements. CUS may work as a promoter of carcinogenesis by enhancing the pro-oxidant potential of carcinogens. Further studies may be aimed at the development of interventions for disease prevention by identifying the relations between psychological factors and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Suhail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Borders University, Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nayeem Bilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - Shirin Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Ausaf Ahmad
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIB), Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), 226010, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naheed Banu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
- College of Medical Rehabilitation, Qassim University, Qassim, P.O. Box 2100, Buraydah, 51451, Saudi Arabia
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Ganesan S, Bhattacharya P, Keating AF. 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure induces the DNA repair response in neonatal rat ovaries. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 272:690-6. [PMID: 23969067 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) destroys ovarian follicles at all stages of development. This study investigated DMBA-induced DNA double strand break (DSB) formation with subsequent activation of the ovarian DNA repair response in models of pre-antral or pre-ovulatory follicle loss. Postnatal day (PND) 4 Fisher 344 (F344) rat ovaries were cultured for 4 days followed by single exposures of vehicle control (1% DMSO) or DMBA (12.5 nM or 75 nM) and maintained in culture for 4 or 8 days. Alternately, PND4 F344 rat ovaries were exposed to 1 μM DMBA at the start of culture for 2 days. Total RNA or protein was isolated, followed by qPCR or Western blotting to quantify mRNA or protein level, respectively. γH2AX and phosphorylated ATM were localized and quantified using immunofluorescence staining. DMBA exposure increased caspase 3 and γH2AX protein. Additionally, DMBA (12.5 nM and 1 μM) increased levels of mRNA encoding Atm, Xrcc6, Brca1 and Rad51. In contrast, Parp1 mRNA was decreased on d4 and increased on d8 of DMBA exposure, while PARP1 protein increased after 8 days of DMBA exposure. Total ATM increased in a concentration-dependent temporal pattern (75 nM d4; 12.5 nM d8), while pATM was localized in large primary and secondary follicles and increased after 8 days of 75 nM DMBA exposure compared to both control and 12.5 nM DMBA. These findings support that, despite some concentration effects, DMBA induces ovarian DNA damage and that DNA repair mechanisms are induced as a potential mechanism to prevent follicle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Ganesan
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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13
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Hasan S, Fatima N, Bilal N, Suhail N, Fatima S, Morgan EN, Aldebasy Y, Alzohairy MA, Banu N. Effect of chronic unpredictable stress on short term dietary restriction and its modulation by multivitamin-mineral supplementation. Appetite 2013; 65:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Isolation Stress Exposure and Consumption of Palatable Diet During the Prepubertal Period Leads to Cellular Changes in the Hippocampus. Neurochem Res 2012; 38:262-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Changes in Ribosomal Protein S3 Immunoreactivity and its Protein Levels in the Gerbil Hippocampus Following Subacute and Chronic Restraint Stress. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1428-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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16
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Shi J, Krsmanovic L, Bruce S, Kelly T, Paranjpe M, Szabo K, Arevalo M, Atta-Safoh S, Debelie F, LaForce MK, Sly J, Springer S. Assessment of genotoxicity induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene or diethylnitrosamine in the Pig-a, micronucleus and Comet assays integrated into 28-day repeat dose studies. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2011; 52:711-720. [PMID: 21976072 DOI: 10.1002/em.20678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As part of the Stage 3 of the Pig-a international trial, we evaluated 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) for induction of Pig-a gene mutation using a 28-day repeat dose study design in Sprague-Dawley rats. In the same study, chromosomal damage in peripheral blood and primary DNA damage in liver were also investigated by the micronucleus (MN) assay and the Comet assay, respectively. In agreement with previously published data (Dertinger et al., [2010]: Toxicol Sci 115:401-411), DMBA induced dose-dependent increases of CD59-negative erythrocytes/reticulocytes and micronucleated reticulocytes (MN-RETs). However, there was no significant increase in DNA damage in the liver cells when tested up to 10 mg/kg/day, which appears to be below the maximum tolerated dose. When tested up to 200 mg/kg/day in a follow-up 3 dose study, DMBA was positive in the liver Comet assay. Additionally, we evaluated diethylnitrosamine (DEN), a known mutagen/hepatocarcinogen, for induction of Pig-a mutation, MN and DNA damage in a 28-day study. DEN produced negative results in both the Pig-a mutation assay and the MN assay, but induced dose-dependent increases of DNA damage in the liver and blood Comet assay. In summary, our results demonstrated that the Pig-a mutation assay can be effectively integrated into repeat dose studies and the data are highly reproducible between different laboratories. Also, integration of multiple genotoxicity endpoints into the same study not only provides a comprehensive evaluation of the genotoxic potential of test chemicals, but also reduces the number of animals needed for testing, especially when more than one in vivo genotoxicity tests are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- BioReliance Corporation, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
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17
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Repeated short-term stress synergizes the ROS signalling through up regulation of NFkB and iNOS expression induced due to combined exposure of trichloroethylene and UVB rays. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 360:133-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Chronic unpredictable stress exacerbates 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 355:117-26. [PMID: 21533768 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0845-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, a pervasive condition induced by stress has been implicated and recognized to be a prominent feature of various pathological states including cancer and their progression. The present study sought to validate the effectiveness of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on hepatic and renal toxicity in terms of alterations of various in vivo biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers and the extent of DNA damage in Swiss albino mice. Animals were randomized into different groups based on their exposure to CUS alone, 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) alone (topical), DMBA-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (topical), and exposure to CUS prior to DMBA or DMBA-TPA treatment, and sacrificed after 16 weeks of treatment. Prior exposure to CUS increased the pro-oxidant effect of carcinogen as depicted by significantly compromised levels of antioxidants; superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, reduced glutathione in hepatic and renal tissues accompanied by a significant elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) as compared to DMBA alone or DMBA-TPA treatments. Loss of structural integrity at the cellular level due to stress-induced oxidative damage was demonstrated by significant increases in the hepatic levels of intracellular marker enzymes such as glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, and significantly reduced levels of uric acid in kidney tissues. The results of DNA damage studies further positively correlated with all the above biochemical measurements. Thus, exposure to physical or psychological stress may significantly enhance the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potential of carcinogens through enhanced oxidative stress even if the treatment is topical.
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Krolow R, Noschang C, Arcego D, Andreazza A, Peres W, Gonçalves C, Dalmaz C. Consumption of a palatable diet by chronically stressed rats prevents effects on anxiety-like behavior but increases oxidative stress in a sex-specific manner. Appetite 2010; 55:108-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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20
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Noschang CG, Pettenuzzo LF, von Pozzer Toigo E, Andreazza AC, Krolow R, Fachin A, Ávila MC, Arcego D, Crema LM, Diehl LA, Gonçalvez CA, Vendite D, Dalmaz C. Sex-specific differences on caffeine consumption and chronic stress-induced anxiety-like behavior and DNA breaks in the hippocampus. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 94:63-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Revised: 07/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Iriyama T, Takeda K, Nakamura H, Morimoto Y, Kuroiwa T, Mizukami J, Umeda T, Noguchi T, Naguro I, Nishitoh H, Saegusa K, Tobiume K, Homma T, Shimada Y, Tsuda H, Aiko S, Imoto I, Inazawa J, Chida K, Kamei Y, Kozuma S, Taketani Y, Matsuzawa A, Ichijo H. ASK1 and ASK2 differentially regulate the counteracting roles of apoptosis and inflammation in tumorigenesis. EMBO J 2009; 28:843-53. [PMID: 19214184 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis and inflammation generally exert opposite effects on tumorigenesis: apoptosis serves as a barrier to tumour initiation, whereas inflammation promotes tumorigenesis. Although both events are induced by various common stressors, relatively little is known about the stress-induced signalling pathways regulating these events in tumorigenesis. Here, we show that stress-activated MAP3Ks, ASK1 and ASK2, which are involved in cellular responses to various stressors such as reactive oxygen species, differentially regulate the initiation and promotion of tumorigenesis. ASK2 in cooperation with ASK1 functioned as a tumour suppressor by exerting proapoptotic activity in epithelial cells, which was consistent with the reduction in ASK2 expression in human cancer cells and tissues. In contrast, ASK1-dependent cytokine production in inflammatory cells promoted tumorigenesis. Our findings suggest that ASK1 and ASK2 are critically involved in tumorigenesis by differentially regulating apoptosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Iriyama
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Miyashita T, Yamaguchi T, Motoyama K, Unno K, Nakano Y, Shimoi K. Social stress increases biopyrrins, oxidative metabolites of bilirubin, in mouse urine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 349:775-80. [PMID: 16949032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether or not three kinds of social stress (isolation, crowding, and confrontation) increase urinary excretion of biopyrrins, oxidative metabolites of bilirubin, in mice. Male BALB/c mice (4 weeks old) were housed 5 per cage for 10 days. After acclimatization, mice were exposed to the above mentioned three kinds of psychosocial stress. Mouse blood and urine samples were collected after 2, 7, and 30 days of stress. Serum levels of corticosterone and urinary levels of biopyrrins were determined by EIA and ELISA, respectively. Adrenal hypertrophy, significant increases in serum concentration of corticosterone and in urinary excretion of biopyrrins were observed in mice exposed to these types of social stress for 7 days. These levels decreased after 30 days, though they were still rather high compared to the control group. These results suggested that social stress causes oxidative stress and that biopyrrins could be useful biomarkers of psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Miyashita
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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