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Reeder BJ, Svistunenko DA, Wilson MT. Hell's Gate Globin-I from Methylacidiphilum infernorum Displays a Unique Temperature-Independent pH Sensing Mechanism Utililized a Lipid-Induced Conformational Change. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6794. [PMID: 38928500 PMCID: PMC11203436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hell's Gate globin-I (HGb-I) is a thermally stable globin from the aerobic methanotroph Methylacidiphilium infernorum. Here we report that HGb-I interacts with lipids stoichiometrically to induce structural changes in the heme pocket, changing the heme iron distal ligation coordination from hexacoordinate to pentacoordinate. Such changes in heme geometry have only been previously reported for cytochrome c and cytoglobin, linked to apoptosis regulation and enhanced lipid peroxidation activity, respectively. However, unlike cytoglobin and cytochrome c, the heme iron of HGb-I is altered by lipids in ferrous as well as ferric oxidation states. The apparent affinity for lipids in this thermally stable globin is highly pH-dependent but essentially temperature-independent within the range of 20-60 °C. We propose a mechanism to explain these observations, in which lipid binding and stability of the distal endogenous ligand are juxtaposed as a function of temperature. Additionally, we propose that these coupled equilibria may constitute a mechanism through which this acidophilic thermophile senses the pH of its environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. Reeder
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK; (D.A.S.); (M.T.W.)
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Johnson AR, Rao K, Zhang BB, Mullet S, Goetzman E, Gelhaus S, Tejero J, Shiva U. Myoglobin Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Fatty Acid Oxidation and Migration via Heme-dependent Oxidant Production and Not Fatty Acid Binding. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.30.591659. [PMID: 38746370 PMCID: PMC11092581 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.30.591659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The monomeric heme protein myoglobin (Mb), traditionally thought to be expressed exclusively in cardiac and skeletal muscle, is now known to be expressed in approximately 40% of breast tumors. While Mb expression is associated with better patient prognosis, the molecular mechanisms by which Mb limits cancer progression are unclear. In muscle, Mb's predominant function is oxygen storage and delivery, which is dependent on the protein's heme moiety. However, prior studies demonstrate that the low levels of Mb expressed in cancer cells preclude this function. Recent studies propose a novel fatty acid binding function for Mb via a lysine residue (K46) in the heme pocket. Given that cancer cells can upregulate fatty acid oxidation (FAO) to maintain energy production for cytoskeletal remodeling during cell migration, we tested whether Mb-mediated fatty acid binding modulates FAO to decrease breast cancer cell migration. We demonstrate that the stable expression of human Mb in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells decreases cell migration and FAO. Site-directed mutagenesis of Mb to disrupt Mb fatty acid binding did not reverse Mb-mediated attenuation of FAO or cell migration in these cells. In contrast, cells expressing Apo-Mb, in which heme incorporation was disrupted, showed a reversal of Mb-mediated attenuation of FAO and cell migration, suggesting that Mb attenuates FAO and migration via a heme-dependent mechanism rather than through fatty acid binding. To this end, we show that Mb's heme-dependent oxidant generation propagates dysregulated gene expression of migratory genes, and this is reversed by catalase treatment. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Mb decreases breast cancer cell migration, and this effect is due to heme-mediated oxidant production rather than fatty acid binding. The implication of these results will be discussed in the context of therapeutic strategies to modulate oxidant production and Mb in tumors. Highlights Myoglobin (Mb) expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells slows migration.Mb expression decreases mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid oxidation.Mb-dependent fatty acid binding does not regulate cell migration or respiration.Mb-dependent oxidant generation decreases mitochondrial metabolism and migration.Mb-derived oxidants dysregulate migratory gene expression.
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Yang L, Shen Y, Li W, Zha B, Xu W, Ding H. Elevated plasma myoglobin level is closely associated with type 2 diabetic kidney disease. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13508. [PMID: 38036859 PMCID: PMC10925879 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most frequent complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It causes a chronic and progressive decline in kidney function, and ultimately patients require renal replacement therapy. To date, an increasing number of clinical studies have been conducted to explore the potential and novel biomarkers, which can advance the diagnosis, estimate the prognosis, and optimize the therapeutic strategies at the early stage of DKD. In the current study, we sought to investigate the association of plasma myoglobin with DKD. METHODS A total of 355 T2DM patients with DKD and 710 T2DM patients without DKD were enrolled in this study. Laboratory parameters including blood cell count, hemoglobin A1c, biochemical parameters, and plasma myoglobin were recorded. Patients were classified on admission according to the tertile of myoglobin and clinical parameters were compared between the groups. Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression, logistic regression, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, and spline regression were performed. RESULTS Plasma myoglobin significantly increased in patients with DKD and was associated with renal function and inflammatory parameters. Plasma myoglobin was an independent risk factor for the development of DKD. The area under ROC curve of myoglobin was 0.831. Spline regression showed that there was a significant linear association between DKD incidence and a high level of plasma myoglobin when it exceeded 36.4 mg/mL. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that elevated plasma myoglobin level is closely associated with the development of kidney injury in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Fifth People's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenxiao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Center of Community‐Based Health ResearchFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Jiangchuan Community Health Service CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Bingbing Zha
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Department of NephrologyZhejiang Kaihua County Hospital of Chinese MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Heyuan Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Aboouf MA, Gorr TA, Hamdy NM, Gassmann M, Thiersch M. Myoglobin in Brown Adipose Tissue: A Multifaceted Player in Thermogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:2240. [PMID: 37759463 PMCID: PMC10526770 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in energy homeostasis by generating heat from chemical energy via uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation. Besides its high mitochondrial content and its exclusive expression of the uncoupling protein 1, another key feature of BAT is the high expression of myoglobin (MB), a heme-containing protein that typically binds oxygen, thereby facilitating the diffusion of the gas from cell membranes to mitochondria of muscle cells. In addition, MB also modulates nitric oxide (NO•) pools and can bind C16 and C18 fatty acids, which indicates a role in lipid metabolism. Recent studies in humans and mice implicated MB present in BAT in the regulation of lipid droplet morphology and fatty acid shuttling and composition, as well as mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. These functions suggest that MB plays an essential role in BAT energy metabolism and thermogenesis. In this review, we will discuss in detail the possible physiological roles played by MB in BAT thermogenesis along with the potential underlying molecular mechanisms and focus on the question of how BAT-MB expression is regulated and, in turn, how this globin regulates mitochondrial, lipid, and NO• metabolism. Finally, we present potential MB-mediated approaches to augment energy metabolism, which ultimately could help tackle different metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A. Aboouf
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Thomas A. Gorr
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadia M. Hamdy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Thiersch
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Palermo JC, Carllinni Colombo M, Semelak JA, Scocozza MF, Boubeta FM, Murgida DH, Estrin DA, Bari SE. Autocatalytic Mechanism in the Anaerobic Reduction of Metmyoglobin by Sulfide Species. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:11304-11317. [PMID: 37439562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the metal centered reduction of metmyoglobin (MbFeIII) by sulfide species (H2S/HS-) under an argon atmosphere has been studied by a combination of spectroscopic, kinetic, and computational methods. Asymmetric S-shaped time-traces for the formation of MbFeII at varying ratios of excess sulfide were observed at pH 5.3 < pH < 8.0 and 25 °C, suggesting an autocatalytic reaction mechanism. An increased rate at more alkaline pHs points to HS- as relevant reactive species for the reduction. The formation of the sulfanyl radical (HS•) in the slow initial phase was assessed using the spin-trap phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone. This radical initiates the formation of S-S reactive species as disulfanuidyl/ disulfanudi-idyl radical anions and disulfide (HSSH•-/HSS•2- and HSS-, respectively). The autocatalysis has been ascribed to HSS-, formed after HSSH•-/HSS•2- disproportionation, which behaves as a fast reductant toward the intermediate complex MbFeIII(HS-). We propose a reaction mechanism for the sulfide-mediated reduction of metmyoglobin where only ferric heme iron initiates the oxidation of sulfide species. Beside the chemical interest, this insight into the MbFeIII/sulfide reaction under an argon atmosphere is relevant for the interpretation of biochemical aspects of ectopic myoglobins found on hypoxic tissues toward reactive sulfur species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cruz Palermo
- Instituto de Química Física de Los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Melisa Carllinni Colombo
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Jonathan A Semelak
- Instituto de Química Física de Los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Magalí F Scocozza
- Instituto de Química Física de Los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Fernando M Boubeta
- Instituto de Química Física de Los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Murgida
- Instituto de Química Física de Los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Darío A Estrin
- Instituto de Química Física de Los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Sara E Bari
- Instituto de Química Física de Los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
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Aboouf MA, Armbruster J, Guscetti F, Thiersch M, Boss A, Gödecke A, Winning S, Padberg C, Fandrey J, Kristiansen G, Bicker A, Hankeln T, Gassmann M, Gorr TA. Endogenous myoglobin expression in mouse models of mammary carcinoma reduces hypoxia and metastasis in PyMT mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7530. [PMID: 37161046 PMCID: PMC10170105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin (MB) is expressed in different cancer types and may act as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. The mechanisms by which basal MB expression level impacts murine mammary tumorigenesis are unclear. We investigated how MB expression in breast cancer influences proliferation, metastasis, tumor hypoxia, and chemotherapy treatment in vivo. We crossed PyMT and WapCreTrp53flox mammary cancer mouse models that differed in tumor grade/type and onset of mammary carcinoma with MB knockout mice. The loss of MB in WapCre;Trp53flox mice did not affect tumor development and progression. On the other hand, loss of MB decreased tumor growth and increased tissue hypoxia as well as the number of lung metastases in PyMT mice. Furthermore, Doxorubicin therapy prevented the stronger metastatic propensity of MB-deficient tumors in PyMT mice. This suggests that, although MB expression predicts improved prognosis in breast cancer patients, MB-deficient tumors may still respond well to first-line therapies. We propose that determining the expression level of MB in malignant breast cancer biopsies will improve tumor stratification, outcome prediction, and personalized therapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Aboouf
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Armbruster
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Franco Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Thiersch
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Boss
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Institute of Cardiovascular Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Winning
- Institute for Physiology, University Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Padberg
- Institute for Physiology, University Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- Institute for Physiology, University Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Essen, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne Bicker
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- University Medical Center Mainz, I. Medical Clinic, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A Gorr
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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7
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Christen L, Broghammer H, Rapöhn I, Möhlis K, Strehlau C, Ribas‐Latre A, Gebhardt C, Roth L, Krause K, Landgraf K, Körner A, Rohde‐Zimmermann K, Hoffmann A, Klöting N, Ghosh A, Sun W, Dong H, Wolfrum C, Rassaf T, Hendgen‐Cotta UB, Stumvoll M, Blüher M, Heiker JT, Weiner J. Myoglobin-mediated lipid shuttling increases adrenergic activation of brown and white adipocyte metabolism and is as a marker of thermogenic adipocytes in humans. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1108. [PMID: 36480426 PMCID: PMC9731393 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruitment and activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) results in increased energy expenditure (EE) via thermogenesis and represents an intriguing therapeutic approach to combat obesity and treat associated diseases. Thermogenesis requires an increased and efficient supply of energy substrates and oxygen to the BAT. The hemoprotein myoglobin (MB) is primarily expressed in heart and skeletal muscle fibres, where it facilitates oxygen storage and flux to the mitochondria during exercise. In the last years, further contributions of MB have been assigned to the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the regulation of cellular nitric oxide (NO) levels and also lipid binding. There is a substantial expression of MB in BAT, which is induced during brown adipocyte differentiation and BAT activation. This suggests MB as a previously unrecognized player in BAT contributing to thermogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS This study analyzed the consequences of MB expression in BAT on mitochondrial function and thermogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Using MB overexpressing, knockdown or knockout adipocytes, we show that expression levels of MB control brown adipocyte mitochondrial respiratory capacity and acute response to adrenergic stimulation, signalling and lipolysis. Overexpression in white adipocytes also increases their metabolic activity. Mutation of lipid interacting residues in MB abolished these beneficial effects of MB. In vivo, whole-body MB knockout resulted in impaired thermoregulation and cold- as well as drug-induced BAT activation in mice. In humans, MB is differentially expressed in subcutaneous (SC) and visceral (VIS) adipose tissue (AT) depots, differentially regulated by the state of obesity and higher expressed in AT samples that exhibit higher thermogenic potential. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate for the first time a functional relevance of MBs lipid binding properties and establish MB as an important regulatory element of thermogenic capacity in brown and likely beige adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Christen
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Helen Broghammer
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Inka Rapöhn
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Medical Department III ‐ EndocrinologyNephrologyRheumatologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzigGermany
| | - Kevin Möhlis
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Christian Strehlau
- Medical Department III ‐ EndocrinologyNephrologyRheumatologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzigGermany
| | - Aleix Ribas‐Latre
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Claudia Gebhardt
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Lisa Roth
- Medical Department III ‐ EndocrinologyNephrologyRheumatologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzigGermany
| | - Kerstin Krause
- Medical Department III ‐ EndocrinologyNephrologyRheumatologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzigGermany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL)University Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL)University Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Kerstin Rohde‐Zimmermann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Anne Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Institute of FoodNutrition and HealthETH ZurichSchwerzenbachSwitzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Institute of FoodNutrition and HealthETH ZurichSchwerzenbachSwitzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Institute of FoodNutrition and HealthETH ZurichSchwerzenbachSwitzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of FoodNutrition and HealthETH ZurichSchwerzenbachSwitzerland
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineWest German Heart and Vascular CenterMedical FacultyUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Ulrike B. Hendgen‐Cotta
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineWest German Heart and Vascular CenterMedical FacultyUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Medical Department III ‐ EndocrinologyNephrologyRheumatologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzigGermany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - John T. Heiker
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI‐MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Juliane Weiner
- Medical Department III ‐ EndocrinologyNephrologyRheumatologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzigGermany
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Armbruster J, Aboouf MA, Gassmann M, Egert A, Schorle H, Hornung V, Schmidt T, Schmid-Burgk JL, Kristiansen G, Bicker A, Hankeln T, Zhu H, Gorr TA. Myoglobin regulates fatty acid trafficking and lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275725. [PMID: 36223378 PMCID: PMC9555620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin (MB) is known to bind and deliver oxygen in striated muscles at high expression levels. MB is also expressed at much reduced levels in mammary epithelial cells, where the protein´s function is unclear. In this study, we aim to determine whether MB impacts fatty acid trafficking and facilitates aerobic fatty acid ß-oxidation in mammary epithelial cells. We utilized MB-wildtype versus MB-knockout mice and human breast cancer cells to examine the impact of MB and its oxygenation status on fatty acid metabolism in mouse milk and mammary epithelia. MB deficient cells were generated through CRISPR/Cas9 and TALEN approaches and exposed to various oxygen tensions. Fatty acid profiling of milk and cell extracts were performed along with cell labelling and immunocytochemistry. Our findings show that MB expression in mammary epithelial cells promoted fatty acid oxidation while reducing stearyl-CoA desaturase activity for lipogenesis. In cells and milk product, presence of oxygenated MB significantly elevated indices of limited fatty acid ß-oxidation, i.e., the organelle-bound removal of a C2 moiety from long-chain saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids, thus shifting the composition toward more saturated and shorter fatty acid species. Presence of the globin also increased cytoplasmic fatty acid solubility under normoxia and fatty acid deposition to lipid droplets under severe hypoxia. We conclude that MB can function in mammary epithelia as intracellular O2-dependent shuttle of oxidizable fatty acid substrates. MB's impact on limited oxidation of fatty acids could generate inflammatory mediator lipokines, such as 7-hexadecenoate. Thus, the novel functions of MB in breast epithelia described herein range from controlling fatty acid turnover and homeostasis to influencing inflammatory signalling cascade. Future work is needed to analyse to what extent these novel roles of MB also apply to myocytic cell physiology and malignant cell behaviour, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Armbruster
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mostafa A. Aboouf
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Egert
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Developmental Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hubert Schorle
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Developmental Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Veit Hornung
- Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonathan L. Schmid-Burgk
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Anne Bicker
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Gorr
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Adepu KK, Bhandari D, Anishkin A, Adams SH, Chintapalli SV. Myoglobin-Pyruvate Interactions: Binding Thermodynamics, Structure-Function Relationships, and Impact on Oxygen Release Kinetics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158766. [PMID: 35955898 PMCID: PMC9369265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb), besides its roles as an oxygen (O2) carrier/storage protein and nitric oxide NO scavenger/producer, may participate in lipid trafficking and metabolite binding. Our recent findings have shown that O2 is released from oxy-Mb upon interaction with lactate (LAC, anerobic glycolysis end-product). Since pyruvate (PYR) is structurally similar and metabolically related to LAC, we investigated the effects of PYR (aerobic glycolysis end-product) on Mb using isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism, and O2-kinetic studies to evaluate PYR affinity toward Mb and to compare the effects of PYR and LAC on O2 release kinetics of oxy-Mb. Similar to LAC, PYR interacts with both oxy- and deoxy-Mb with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Time-resolved circular dichroism spectra revealed that there are no major conformational changes in the secondary structures of oxy- or deoxy-Mb during interactions with PYR or LAC. However, we found contrasting results with respect to binding affinities and substrate preference, where PYR has higher affinity toward deoxy-Mb when compared with LAC (which prefers oxy-Mb). Furthermore, PYR interaction with oxy-Mb releases a significantly lower amount of O2 than LAC. Taken together, our findings support the hypothesis that glycolytic end-products play a distinctive role in the Mb-rich tissues by serving as novel regulators of O2 availability, and/or by impacting other activities related to oxy-/deoxy-Mb toggling in resting vs. exercised or metabolically activated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kumar Adepu
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
- Correspondence: (K.K.A.); (S.V.C.)
| | | | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sean H. Adams
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Sree V. Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
- Correspondence: (K.K.A.); (S.V.C.)
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10
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Germolus CB, Rehman UN, Ramahi AA, Jue T. Lipid Oxidation Product Nonenal and Myoglobin Oxidation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clayton B. Germolus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of California‐Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Usman N. Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of California‐Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Amjad A. Ramahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of California‐Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Thomas Jue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of California‐Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
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11
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Scrima R, Agriesti F, Pacelli C, Piccoli C, Pucci P, Amoresano A, Cela O, Nappi L, Tataranni T, Mori G, Formisano P, Capitanio N. Myoglobin expression by alternative transcript in different mesenchymal stem cells compartments. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:209. [PMID: 35598009 PMCID: PMC9123686 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic phenotype of stem cells is increasingly recognized as a hallmark of their pluripotency with mitochondrial and oxygen-related metabolism playing a not completely defined role in this context. In a previous study, we reported the ectopic expression of myoglobin (MB) in bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Here, we have extended the analysis to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from different tissues. METHODS MSCs were isolated from human placental membrane, mammary adipose tissue and dental pulp and subjected to RT-PCR, Western blotting and mass spectrometry to investigate the expression of MB. A combination of metabolic flux analysis and cyto-imaging was used to profile the metabolic phenotype and the mitochondria dynamics in the different MSCs. RESULTS As for the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, the expression of Mb was largely driven by an alternative transcript with the protein occurring both in the monomer and in the dimer forms as confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Comparing the metabolic fluxes between neonatal placental membrane-derived and adult mammary adipose tissue-derived MSCs, we showed a significantly more active bioenergetics profile in the former that correlated with a larger co-localization of myoglobin with the mitochondrial compartment. Differences in the structure of the mitochondrial network as well as in the expression of factors controlling the organelle dynamics were also observed between neonatal and adult mesenchymal stem cells. Finally, the expression of myoglobin was found to be strongly reduced following osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp-derived MSCs, while it was upregulated following reprogramming of human fibroblasts to induce pluripotent stem cells. CONCLUSIONS Ectopic expression of myoglobin in tissues other than muscle raises the question of understanding its function therein. Properties in addition to the canonical oxygen storage/delivery have been uncovered. Finding of Mb expressed via an alternative gene transcript in the context of different stem cells with metabolic phenotypes, its loss during differentiation and recovery in iPSCs suggest a hitherto unappreciated role of Mb in controlling the balance between aerobic metabolism and pluripotency. Understanding how Mb contributes through modulation of the mitochondrial physiology to the stem cell biology paves the way to novel perspectives in regenerative medicine as well as in cancer stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosella Scrima
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Agriesti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.,Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Consiglia Pacelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietro Pucci
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Cela
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Nappi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Tataranni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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12
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Adepu KK, Bhandari D, Anishkin A, Adams SH, Chintapalli SV. Myoglobin Interaction with Lactate Rapidly Releases Oxygen: Studies on Binding Thermodynamics, Spectroscopy, and Oxygen Kinetics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094747. [PMID: 35563138 PMCID: PMC9103699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb)-mediated oxygen (O2) delivery and dissolved O2 in the cytosol are two major sources that support oxidative phosphorylation. During intense exercise, lactate (LAC) production is elevated in skeletal muscles as a consequence of insufficient intracellular O2 supply. The latter results in diminished mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and an increased reliance on nonoxidative pathways to generate ATP. Whether or not metabolites from these pathways impact Mb-O2 associations remains to be established. In the present study, we employed isothermal titration calorimetry, O2 kinetic studies, and UV-Vis spectroscopy to evaluate the LAC affinity toward Mb (oxy- and deoxy-Mb) and the effect of LAC on O2 release from oxy-Mb in varying pH conditions (pH 6.0–7.0). Our results show that LAC avidly binds to both oxy- and deoxy-Mb (only at acidic pH for the latter). Similarly, in the presence of LAC, increased release of O2 from oxy-Mb was detected. This suggests that with LAC binding to Mb, the structural conformation of the protein (near the heme center) might be altered, which concomitantly triggers the release of O2. Taken together, these novel findings support a mechanism where LAC acts as a regulator of O2 management in Mb-rich tissues and/or influences the putative signaling roles for oxy- and deoxy-Mb, especially under conditions of LAC accumulation and lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kumar Adepu
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
- Correspondence: (K.K.A.); (S.V.C.)
| | | | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Sean H. Adams
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sree V. Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
- Correspondence: (K.K.A.); (S.V.C.)
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13
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Mozihim AK, Chung I, Said NABM, Jamil AHA. Reprogramming of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Gynaecological Cancers: Is There a Role for Oestradiol? Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040350. [PMID: 35448537 PMCID: PMC9031151 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynaecological cancers are among the leading causes of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to sustain the production of energy and macromolecules required for cell growth, division and survival. Emerging evidence has provided significant insights into the integral role of fatty acids on tumourigenesis, but the metabolic role of high endogenous oestrogen levels and increased gynaecological cancer risks, notably in obesity, is less understood. This is becoming a renewed research interest, given the recently established association between obesity and incidence of many gynaecological cancers, including breast, ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers. This review article, hence, comprehensively discusses how FA metabolism is altered in these gynaecological cancers, highlighting the emerging role of oestradiol on the actions of key regulatory enzymes of lipid metabolism, either directly through its classical ER pathways, or indirectly via the IGIFR pathway. Given the dramatic rise in obesity and parallel increase in the prevalence of gynaecological cancers among premenopausal women, further clarifications of the complex mechanisms underpinning gynaecological cancers are needed to inform future prevention efforts. Hence, in our review, we also highlight opportunities where metabolic dependencies can be exploited as viable therapeutic targets for these hormone-responsive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azilleo Kristo Mozihim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Akmarina B. M. Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
| | - Amira Hajirah Abd Jamil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-7967-4909
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14
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Elkholi IE, Elsherbiny ME, Emara M. Myoglobin: From physiological role to potential implications in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188706. [PMID: 35247507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin (MB) belongs to the well-studied globin proteins superfamily. It has been extensively studied for its physiological roles in oxygen storage and transport for about a century now. However, the last two decades shed the light on unexpected aspects for MB research. Myoglobin has been suggested as a scavenger for nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, MB was found to be expressed and regulated in different tissues, beyond the muscle lineage, including cancers. Current evidence suggest that MB is directly regulated by hypoxia and might be contributing to the metabolic rewiring in cancer tissues. In this article, we first discuss the MB physiological roles and then focus on the latter potential roles and regulatory networks of MB in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam E Elkholi
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases (CAAD), Zewail City of Science, Technology, and Innovation, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt; Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marwa E Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwan Emara
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases (CAAD), Zewail City of Science, Technology, and Innovation, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt.
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15
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Melo L, Hagar A, Klaunig J. Gene expression signature of exercise and change of diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3920/cep210033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) are particularly prevalent in the general Western adult population, with around one third of the population suffering from the disease. Evidence shows that NAFLD is associated with metabolic syndromes such as obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Currently, the sole therapy for NAFLD involves exercise intervention. Studies showed that, with and without weight loss, exercise interventions produced a significant cutback in intrahepatic lipid content in humans, but better controlled studies that can investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms are still lacking. In the current study we perform RNA sequencing analysis on liver samples from C57BL/6 mice submitted to aerobic exercise and diet interventions that are human-translatable and determine the genetic expression signature of exercise in the NAFLD onset. We show that aerobic exercise affects genes and pathways related to liver metabolism, muscle contraction and relaxation, immune response and inflammation, and development of liver cancer, counteracting non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma development. While genes and pathways implicating immune response are activated by aerobic exercise in all interventions, the most effective intervention in terms of improvement of NASH is the combination of aerobic exercise with change of diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Melo
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana School of Public Health, 2719E 10th St, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Medical School, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - A. Hagar
- History & Philosophy of Science & Medicine Department, Indiana University, 1020 E Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Intelligent Systems Engineering Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - J.E. Klaunig
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana School of Public Health, 2719E 10th St, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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16
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Blackburn ML, Wankhade UD, Ono-Moore KD, Chintapalli SV, Fox R, Rutkowsky JM, Willis BJ, Tolentino T, Lloyd KCK, Adams SH. On the potential role of globins in brown adipose tissue: a novel conceptual model and studies in myoglobin knockout mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E47-E62. [PMID: 33969705 PMCID: PMC8321818 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00662.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb) regulates O2 bioavailability in muscle and heart as the partial pressure of O2 (Po2) drops with increased tissue workload. Globin proteins also modulate cellular NO pools, "scavenging" NO at higher Po2 and converting NO2- to NO as Po2 falls. Myoglobin binding of fatty acids may also signal a role in fat metabolism. Interestingly, Mb is expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT), but its function is unknown. Herein, we present a new conceptual model that proposes links between BAT thermogenic activation, concurrently reduced Po2, and NO pools regulated by deoxy/oxy-globin toggling and xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR). We describe the effect of Mb knockout (Mb-/-) on BAT phenotype [lipid droplets, mitochondrial markers uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and cytochrome C oxidase 4 (Cox4), transcriptomics] in male and female mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 45% of energy, ∼13 wk), and examine Mb expression during brown adipocyte differentiation. Interscapular BAT weights did not differ by genotype, but there was a higher prevalence of mid-large sized droplets in Mb-/-. COX4 protein expression was significantly reduced in Mb-/- BAT, and a suite of metabolic/NO/stress/hypoxia transcripts were lower. All of these Mb-/--associated differences were most apparent in females. The new conceptual model, and results derived from Mb-/- mice, suggest a role for Mb in BAT metabolic regulation, in part through sexually dimorphic systems and NO signaling. This possibility requires further validation in light of significant mouse-to-mouse variability of BAT Mb mRNA and protein abundances in wild-type mice and lower expression relative to muscle and heart.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Myoglobin confers the distinct red color to muscle and heart, serving as an oxygen-binding protein in oxidative fibers. Less attention has been paid to brown fat, a thermogenic tissue that also expresses myoglobin. In a mouse knockout model lacking myoglobin, brown fat had larger fat droplets and lower markers of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, especially in females. Gene expression patterns suggest a role for myoglobin as an oxygen/nitric oxide-sensor that regulates cellular metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Blackburn
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Umesh D Wankhade
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | - Sree V Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Renee Fox
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Jennifer M Rutkowsky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Brandon J Willis
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Todd Tolentino
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, University of California, Davis, California
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California
| | - K C Kent Lloyd
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, University of California, Davis, California
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Sean H Adams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Science, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
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17
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Ono-Moore KD, Olfert IM, Rutkowsky JM, Chintapalli SV, Willis BJ, Blackburn ML, Williams DK, O'Reilly J, Tolentino T, Lloyd KCK, Adams SH. Metabolic physiology and skeletal muscle phenotypes in male and female myoglobin knockout mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E63-E79. [PMID: 33969704 PMCID: PMC8321820 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00624.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb) is a regulator of O2 bioavailability in type I muscle and heart, at least when tissue O2 levels drop. Mb also plays a role in regulating cellular nitric oxide (NO) pools. Robust binding of long-chain fatty acids and long-chain acylcarnitines to Mb, and enhanced glucose metabolism in hearts of Mb knockout (KO) mice, suggest additional roles in muscle intermediary metabolism and fuel selection. To evaluate this hypothesis, we measured energy expenditure (EE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), body weight gain and adiposity, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity in Mb knockout (Mb-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD, 45% of calories). In males (n = 10/genotype) and females (n = 9/genotype) tested at 5-6, 11-12, and 17-18 wk, there were no genotype effects on RER, EE, or food intake. RER and EE during cold (10°C, 72 h), and glucose and insulin tolerance, were not different compared with within-sex WT controls. At ∼18 and ∼19 wk of age, female Mb-/- adiposity was ∼42%-48% higher versus WT females (P = 0.1). Transcriptomics analyses (whole gastrocnemius, soleus) revealed few consistent changes, with the notable exception of a 20% drop in soleus transferrin receptor (Tfrc) mRNA. Capillarity indices were significantly increased in Mb-/-, specifically in Mb-rich soleus and deep gastrocnemius. The results indicate that Mb loss does not have a major impact on whole body glucose homeostasis, EE, RER, or response to a cold challenge in mice. However, the greater adiposity in female Mb-/- mice indicates a sex-specific effect of Mb KO on fat storage and feed efficiency.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The roles of myoglobin remain to be elaborated. We address sexual dimorphism in terms of outcomes in response to the loss of myoglobin in knockout mice and perform, for the first time, a series of comprehensive metabolic studies under conditions in which fat is mobilized (high-fat diet, cold). The results highlight that myoglobin is not necessary and sufficient for maintaining oxidative metabolism and point to alternative roles for this protein in muscle and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I Mark Olfert
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Jennifer M Rutkowsky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sree V Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Brandon J Willis
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michael L Blackburn
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - D Keith Williams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Juliana O'Reilly
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Todd Tolentino
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, University of California, Davis, California
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California
| | - K C Kent Lloyd
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, University of California, Davis, California
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Sean H Adams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Science, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
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18
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Quinting T, Heymann AK, Bicker A, Nauth T, Bernardini A, Hankeln T, Fandrey J, Schreiber T. Myoglobin Protects Breast Cancer Cells Due to Its ROS and NO Scavenging Properties. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:732190. [PMID: 34671319 PMCID: PMC8521001 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.732190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin (MB) is an oxygen-binding protein usually found in cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscle fibers. It may function as a temporary storage and transport protein for O2 but could also have scavenging capacity for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. In addition, MB has recently been identified as a hallmark in luminal breast cancer and was shown to be robustly induced under hypoxia. Cellular responses to hypoxia are regulated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). For exploring the function of MB in breast cancer, we employed the human cell line MDA-MB-468. Cells were grown in monolayer or as 3D multicellular spheroids, which mimic the in vivo avascular tumor architecture and physiology with a heterogeneous cell population of proliferating cells in the rim and non-cycling or necrotic cells in the core region. This central necrosis was increased after MB knockdown, indicating a role for MB in hypoxic tumor regions. In addition, MB knockdown caused higher levels of HIF-1α protein after treatment with NO, which also plays an important role in cancer cell survival. MB knockdown also led to higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the cells after treatment with H2O2. To further explore the role of MB in cell survival, we performed RNA-Seq after MB knockdown and NO treatment. 1029 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 45 potential HIF-1 target genes, were annotated in regulatory pathways that modulate cellular function and maintenance, cell death and survival, and carbohydrate metabolism. Of these target genes, TMEFF1, TREX2, GLUT-1, MKNK-1, and RAB8B were significantly altered. Consistently, a decreased expression of GLUT-1, MKNK-1, and RAB8B after MB knockdown was confirmed by qPCR. All three genes of interest are often up regulated in cancer and correlate with a poor clinical outcome. Thus, our data indicate that myoglobin might influence the survival of breast cancer cells, possibly due to its ROS and NO scavenging properties and could be a valuable target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Quinting
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Anne Bicker
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theresa Nauth
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andre Bernardini
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Joachim Fandrey,
| | - Timm Schreiber
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and Center for Biomedical Education and Research, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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19
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Bicker A, Nauth T, Gerst D, Aboouf MA, Fandrey J, Kristiansen G, Gorr TA, Hankeln T. The role of myoglobin in epithelial cancers: Insights from transcriptomics. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:385-400. [PMID: 31894249 PMCID: PMC6984796 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscle-associated respiratory protein myoglobin (MB) is expressed in multiple types of cancer, including breast and prostate tumors. In Kaplan-Meier analyses of the two tumor types, MB positivity is associated with favorable prognoses. Despite its well-characterized function in myocytes, the role of MB in cancer remains unclear. To study the impact of endogenous MB expression, small interfering RNA MB-knockdown cells were engineered using breast, prostate and colon cancer cell lines (MDA-MB468, LNCaP, DLD-1), and their transcriptomes were investigated using RNA-Seq at different oxygen levels. In MB-positive cells, increased expression of glycolytic genes was observed, which was possibly mediated by a higher activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. In addition, the results of the gene set enrichment analysis suggested that MB contributed to fatty acid transport and turnover. MB-positive, wild-type-p53 LNCaP cells also exhibited increased expression of p53 target genes involved in cell cycle checkpoint control and prevention of cell migration. MB-positive cells expressing mutant p53 exhibited upregulation of genes associated with prolonged cancer cell viability and motility. Therefore, it was hypothesized that these transcriptomic differences may result from MB-mediated generation of nitric oxide or reactive oxygen species, thus employing established enzymatic activities of the globin. In summary, the transcriptome comparisons identified potential molecular functions of MB in carcinogenesis by highlighting the interaction of MB with key metabolic and regulatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bicker
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, D‑55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Theresa Nauth
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, D‑55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela Gerst
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH‑8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mostafa Ahmed Aboouf
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH‑8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg‑Essen, D‑45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, D‑53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Alexander Gorr
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH‑8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, D‑55099 Mainz, Germany
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20
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Braganza A, Quesnelle K, Bickta J, Reyes C, Wang Y, Jessup M, St Croix C, Arlotti J, Singh SV, Shiva S. Myoglobin induces mitochondrial fusion, thereby inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7269-7282. [PMID: 30872402 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin is a monomeric heme protein expressed ubiquitously in skeletal and cardiac muscle and is traditionally considered to function as an oxygen reservoir for mitochondria during hypoxia. It is now well established that low concentrations of myoglobin are aberrantly expressed in a significant proportion of breast cancer tumors. Despite being expressed only at low levels in these tumors, myoglobin is associated with attenuated tumor growth and a better prognosis in breast cancer patients, but the mechanism of this myoglobin-mediated protection against further cancer growth remains unclear. Herein, we report a signaling pathway by which myoglobin regulates mitochondrial dynamics and thereby decreases cell proliferation. We demonstrate in vitro that expression of human myoglobin in MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MCF7 breast cancer cells induces mitochondrial hyperfusion by up-regulating mitofusins 1 and 2, the predominant catalysts of mitochondrial fusion. This hyperfusion causes cell cycle arrest and subsequent inhibition of cell proliferation. Mechanistically, increased mitofusin expression was due to myoglobin-dependent free-radical production, leading to the oxidation and degradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin. We recapitulated this pathway in a murine model in which myoglobin-expressing xenografts exhibited decreased tumor volume with increased mitofusin, markers of cell cycle arrest, and decreased parkin expression. Furthermore, in human triple-negative breast tumor tissues, mitofusin and myoglobin levels were positively correlated. Collectively, these results elucidate a new function for myoglobin as a modulator of mitochondrial dynamics and reveal a novel pathway by which myoglobin decreases breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth by up-regulating mitofusin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janelle Bickta
- the Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Christopher Reyes
- the Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Yinna Wang
- From the Vascular Medicine Institute and
| | | | | | - Julie Arlotti
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, and.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, and.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Sruti Shiva
- From the Vascular Medicine Institute and .,Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, and.,Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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21
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Chintapalli SV, Anishkin A, Adams SH. Exploring the entry route of palmitic acid and palmitoylcarnitine into myoglobin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 655:56-66. [PMID: 30092229 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin, besides its role in oxygen turnover, has gained recognition as a potential regulator of lipid metabolism. Previously, we confirmed the interaction of fatty acids and acylcarnitines with Oxy-Myoglobin, using both molecular dynamic simulations and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry studies. However, those studies were limited to testing only the binding sites derived from homology to fatty acid binding proteins and predictions using automated docking. To explore the entry mechanisms of the lipid ligands into myoglobin, we conducted molecular dynamic simulations of murine Oxy- and Deoxy-Mb structures with palmitate or palmitoylcarnitine starting at different positions near the protein surface. The simulations indicated that both ligands readily (under ∼10-20 ns) enter the Oxy-Mb structure through a dynamic area ("portal region") near heme, known to be the entry point for small molecule gaseous ligands like O2, CO and NO. The entry is not observed with Deoxy-Mb where lipid ligands move away from protein surface, due to a compaction of the entry portal and the heme-containing crevice in the Mb protein upon O2 removal. The results suggest quick spontaneous binding of lipids to Mb driven by hydrophobic interactions, strongly enhanced by oxygenation, and consistent with the emergent role of Mb in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree V Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center -and- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.
| | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, USA
| | - Sean H Adams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center -and- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
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22
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Postnikova GB, Shekhovtsova EA. Myoglobin: Oxygen Depot or Oxygen Transporter to Mitochondria? A Novel Mechanism of Myoglobin Deoxygenation in Cells (review). BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:168-183. [PMID: 29618303 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we shortly summarize the data of our studies (and also corresponding studies of other authors) on the new mechanism of myoglobin (Mb) deoxygenation in a cell, according to which Mb acts as an oxygen transporter, and its affinity for the ligand, like in other transporting proteins, is regulated by the interaction with the target, in our case, mitochondria (Mch). We firstly found that contrary to previously formulated and commonly accepted concepts, oxymyoglobin (MbO2) deoxygenation occurs only via interaction of the protein with respiring mitochondria (low pO2 values are necessary but not sufficient for this process to proceed). Detailed studies of the mechanism of Mb-Mch interaction by various physicochemical methods using natural and artificial bilayer phospholipid membranes showed that: (i) the rate of MbO2 deoxygenation in the presence of respiring Mch fully coincides with the rate of O2 uptake by mitochondria from a solution irrespectively of their state (native coupled, freshly frozen, or FCCP-uncoupled), i.e. it is determined by the respiratory activity of Mch; (ii) Mb nonspecifically binds to membrane phospholipids of the outer mitochondrial membrane, while any Mb-specific protein or phospholipid sites on it are lacking; (iii) oxygen uptake by Mch from a solution and the uptake of Mb-bound oxygen are two different processes, as their rates are differently affected by proteins (e.g. lysozyme) that compete with MbO2 for binding to the mitochondrial membrane; (iv) electrostatic forces significantly contribute to the Mb-membrane interactions; the dependence of these interactions on ionic strength is provided by the local electrostatic interactions between anionic groups of phospholipids (the heads) and invariant Lys and Arg residues near the Mb heme pocket; (v) interactions of Mb with phospholipid membranes promote conformational changes in the protein, primarily in its heme pocket, without significant alterations in the protein secondary and tertiary structures; and (vi) Mb-membrane interactions lead to decrease in the affinity of myoglobin for O2, which could be monitored by the increase in the MbO2 autooxidation rate under aerobic conditions and under anaerobic ones, by the shift in the MbO2/Mb(2) equilibrium towards the ligand-free protein. The decrease in the affinity of Mb for the ligand should facilitate O2 dissociation from MbO2 at physiological pO2 values in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Postnikova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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23
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Jue T, Shih L, Chung Y. Differential Interaction of Myoglobin with Select Fatty Acids of Carbon Chain Lengths C8 to C16. Lipids 2017. [PMID: 28639182 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that palmitic acid (PAM) and oleic acid (OLE) can bind myoglobin (Mb). How fatty acids (FA) with different carbon chain lengths and sulfate substitution interact with Mb remains uncertain. Indeed, C8:0 and C10:0 fatty acids do not perturb the intensities of the 1H-NMR MbCN signal intensity at FA:Mb ratios below 2:1. Starting with C12:0, C12:0-C16:0, FA induce a noticeable spectral change. C12:0 and C14:0 FA affect both the 5- and 8-heme methyl signals, whereas the C16:0 FA perturbs only the 8-heme methyl signal. All C12:0-C16:0 saturated FA induce upfield shifts in the -CH2 peak of different FA in the presence of Mb. Increasing the apparent solubility with a sulfate group substitution enhances the FA interaction of lauric sulfate (LAU 1-SO4) but not palmitate sulfate acid (PAM 1-SO4). The detergent (DET) property of FA has no significant contribution. Common positive, neutral, and negative DET at DET:Mb ratio of 1:1 induce no perturbation of the MbCN spectra. The experiment observations establish a basis to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the FA interaction with Mb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA.
| | - Lifan Shih
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA
| | - Youngran Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA
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24
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Jue T, Simond G, Wright TJ, Shih L, Chung Y, Sriram R, Kreutzer U, Davis RW. Effect of fatty acid interaction on myoglobin oxygen affinity and triglyceride metabolism. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 73:359-370. [PMID: 28357578 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested myoglobin (Mb) may have other cellular functions in addition to storing and transporting O2. Indeed, NMR experiments have shown that the saturated fatty acid (FA) palmitate (PA) can interact with myoglobin (Mb) in its ligated state (MbCO and MbCN) but does not interact with Mb in its deoxygenated state. The observation has led to the hypothesis that Mb can also serve as a fatty acid transporter. The present study further investigates fatty acid interaction with the physiological states of Mb using the more soluble but unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid (OA). OA binds to MbCO but does not bind to deoxy Mb. OA binding to Mb, however, does not alter its O2 affinity. Without any Mb, muscle has a significantly lower level of triglyceride (TG). In Mb knock-out (MbKO) mice, both heart and skeletal muscles have lower level of TG relative to the control mice. Training further decreases the relative TG in the MbKO skeletal muscle. Nevertheless, the absence of Mb and lower TG level in muscle does not impair the MbKO mouse performance as evidenced by voluntary wheel running measurements. The results support the hypothesis of a complex physiological role for Mb, especially with respect to fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA.
| | - Gregory Simond
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA
| | - Traver J Wright
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Lifan Shih
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA
| | - Youngran Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA
| | - Ulrike Kreutzer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-8635, USA
| | - Randall W Davis
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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25
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Chintapalli SV, Jayanthi S, Mallipeddi PL, Gundampati R, Suresh Kumar TK, van Rossum DB, Anishkin A, Adams SH. Novel Molecular Interactions of Acylcarnitines and Fatty Acids with Myoglobin. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25133-25143. [PMID: 27758871 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.754978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has indicated that long-chain fatty acids can bind myoglobin (Mb) in an oxygen-dependent manner. This suggests that oxy-Mb may play an important role in fuel delivery in Mb-rich muscle fibers (e.g. type I fibers and cardiomyocytes), and raises the possibility that Mb also serves as an acylcarnitine-binding protein. We report for the first time the putative interaction and affinity characteristics for different chain lengths of both fatty acids and acylcarnitines with oxy-Mb using molecular dynamic simulations and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments. We found that short- to medium-chain fatty acids or acylcarnitines (ranging from C2:0 to C10:0) fail to achieve a stable conformation with oxy-Mb. Furthermore, our results indicate that C12:0 is the minimum chain length essential for stable binding of either fatty acids or acylcarnitines with oxy-Mb. Importantly, the empirical lipid binding studies were consistent with structural modeling. These results reveal that: (i) the lipid binding affinity for oxy-Mb increases as the chain length increases (i.e. C12:0 to C18:1), (ii) the binding affinities of acylcarnitines are higher when compared with their respective fatty acid counterparts, and (iii) both fatty acids and acylcarnitines bind to oxy-Mb in 1:1 stoichiometry. Taken together, our results support a model in which oxy-Mb is a novel regulator of long-chain acylcarnitine and fatty acid pools in Mb-rich tissues. This has important implications for physiological fuel management during exercise, and relevance to pathophysiological conditions (e.g. fatty acid oxidation disorders and cardiac ischemia) where long-chain acylcarnitine accumulation is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree V Chintapalli
- From the Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202,
| | - Srinivas Jayanthi
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
| | - Prema L Mallipeddi
- the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - Ravikumar Gundampati
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
| | | | - Damian B van Rossum
- the Center for Computational Proteomics and.,the Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and
| | - Andriy Anishkin
- the Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Sean H Adams
- From the Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202,
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26
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Peters EL, Offringa C, Kos D, Van der Laarse WJ, Jaspers RT. Regulation of myoglobin in hypertrophied rat cardiomyocytes in experimental pulmonary hypertension. Pflugers Arch 2016; 468:1697-707. [PMID: 27572699 PMCID: PMC5026723 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A major problem in chronic heart failure is the inability of hypertrophied cardiomyocytes to maintain the required power output. A Hill-type oxygen diffusion model predicts that oxygen supply is limiting in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes at maximal rates of oxygen consumption and that this limitation can be reduced by increasing the myoglobin (Mb) concentration. We explored how cardiac hypertrophy, oxidative capacity, and Mb expression in right ventricular cardiomyocytes are regulated at the transcriptional and translational levels in an early stage of experimental pulmonary hypertension, in order to identify targets to improve the oxygen supply/demand ratio. Male Wistar rats were injected with monocrotaline to induce pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right ventricular heart failure. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels per nucleus of growth factors insulin-like growth factor-1Ea (IGF-1Ea) and mechano growth factor (MGF) were higher in PH than in healthy controls, consistent with a doubling in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area (CSA). Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was unaltered, indicating that oxidative capacity per cell increased. Although the Mb protein concentration was unchanged, Mb mRNA concentration was reduced. However, total RNA per nucleus was about threefold higher in PH rats versus controls, and Mb mRNA content expressed per nucleus was similar in the two groups. The increase in oxidative capacity without an increase in oxygen supply via Mb-facilitated diffusion caused a doubling of the critical extracellular oxygen tension required to prevent hypoxia (PO2crit). We conclude that Mb mRNA expression is not increased during pressure overload-induced right ventricular hypertrophy and that the increase in myoglobin content per myocyte is likely due to increased translation. We conclude that increasing Mb mRNA expression may be beneficial in the treatment of experimental PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Peters
- Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Offringa
- Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Kos
- Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W J Van der Laarse
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R T Jaspers
- Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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27
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Tejero J, Kapralov AA, Baumgartner MP, Sparacino-Watkins CE, Anthonymutu TS, Vlasova II, Camacho CJ, Gladwin MT, Bayir H, Kagan VE. Peroxidase activation of cytoglobin by anionic phospholipids: Mechanisms and consequences. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1861:391-401. [PMID: 26928591 PMCID: PMC4821708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytoglobin (Cygb) is a hexa-coordinated hemoprotein with yet to be defined physiological functions. The iron coordination and spin state of the Cygb heme group are sensitive to oxidation of two cysteine residues (Cys38/Cys83) and/or the binding of free fatty acids. However, the roles of redox vs lipid regulators of Cygb's structural rearrangements in the context of the protein peroxidase competence are not known. Searching for physiologically relevant lipid regulators of Cygb, here we report that anionic phospholipids, particularly phosphatidylinositolphosphates, affect structural organization of the protein and modulate its iron state and peroxidase activity both conjointly and/or independently of cysteine oxidation. Thus, different anionic lipids can operate in cysteine-dependent and cysteine-independent ways as inducers of the peroxidase activity. We establish that Cygb's peroxidase activity can be utilized for the catalysis of peroxidation of anionic phospholipids (including phosphatidylinositolphosphates) yielding mono-oxygenated molecular species. Combined with the computational simulations we propose a bipartite lipid binding model that rationalizes the modes of interactions with phospholipids, the effects on structural re-arrangements and the peroxidase activity of the hemoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Tejero
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Alexandr A Kapralov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health and Center for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Matthew P Baumgartner
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Courtney E Sparacino-Watkins
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tamil S Anthonymutu
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health and Center for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Irina I Vlasova
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health and Center for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Carlos J Camacho
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health and Center for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health and Center for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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28
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Corti P, Ieraci M, Tejero J. Characterization of zebrafish neuroglobin and cytoglobins 1 and 2: Zebrafish cytoglobins provide insights into the transition from six-coordinate to five-coordinate globins. Nitric Oxide 2015; 53:22-34. [PMID: 26721561 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuroglobin (Ngb) and cytoglobin (Cygb) are two six-coordinate heme proteins of unknown physiological function. Although studies on the mammalian proteins have elucidated aspects of Ngb and Cygb biophysics and indicated potential functions, the properties of non-mammalian Ngbs and Cygbs are largely uncharacterized. We have expressed the recombinant zebrafish proteins Ngb, Cygb1, and Cygb2 in Escherichia coli and characterized their nitrite reduction rates, spectral properties, autoxidation rate constants, redox potentials and lipid binding properties. The three zebrafish proteins can catalyze the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide with a broad range of reaction rate constants. (Ngb, 0.68 ± 0.04 M(-1) s(-1); Cygb1, 28.6 ± 3.1 M(-1) s(-1); Cygb2, 0.94 ± 0.18 M(-1) s(-1)). We observe that zebrafish Ngb and Cygb2 have comparable spectral features to those of human Ngb and Cygb, consistent with a six-coordinate heme, whereas unexpectedly Cygb1 has a five-coordinate heme, a slower autoxidation and in general has properties more akin to oxygen transport proteins. In agreement with a possible oxygen carrier and nitrite reductase role, we detect mRNA transcript for Cygb1 but not Cygb2 or Ngb in zebrafish blood. Unlike human Cygb, neither of the zebrafish globins binds oleic acid with high affinity. This finding suggests that lipid binding may be a trait acquired later during evolution and not an ancestral property of cytoglobins. Altogether, our results uncover unexpected properties of zebrafish globins and reveal the pivotal role of cytoglobins in the transition of heme globins from six-coordinate to five-coordinate oxygen carriers and nitrite reductases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Corti
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Matthew Ieraci
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jesús Tejero
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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29
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Abstract
Previous studies have shown that palmitate (PA) can interact with myoglobin (Mb). The present study has investigated the interaction of the more soluble unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid (OA). Indeed, (1)H NMR measurements of the Mb signal during OA titration also show signal changes consistent with specific and non-specific binding. At OA:Mb ratio<4:1, OA perturbs selectively the 8-heme methyl signal, consistent with a local and specific fatty acid-protein interaction. As OA:Mb ratio increases from 4:1 to 40:1, all hyperfine shifted MbCN signals decrease, consistent with a non-selective, global perturbation of the protein. The pH titration analysis indicates that the observed OA methylene signal in the presence of Mb reflects a non-specific interaction and does not originate from a shift in the lamella-micelle equilibrium. Given the OA interaction with Mb, a fatty acid flux model suggests that Mb can play a fatty acid transport role under certain physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifan Shih
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis CA 95616-8635, United States
| | - Youngran Chung
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis CA 95616-8635, United States
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis CA 95616-8635, United States
| | - Thomas Jue
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis CA 95616-8635, United States.
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Chintapalli SV, Bhardwaj G, Patel R, Shah N, Patterson RL, van Rossum DB, Anishkin A, Adams SH. Molecular dynamic simulations reveal the structural determinants of Fatty Acid binding to oxy-myoglobin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128496. [PMID: 26030763 PMCID: PMC4451517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism(s) by which fatty acids are sequestered and transported in muscle have not been fully elucidated. A potential key player in this process is the protein myoglobin (Mb). Indeed, there is a catalogue of empirical evidence supporting direct interaction of globins with fatty acid metabolites; however, the binding pocket and regulation of the interaction remains to be established. In this study, we employed a computational strategy to elucidate the structural determinants of fatty acids (palmitic & oleic acid) binding to Mb. Sequence analysis and docking simulations with a horse (Equus caballus) structural Mb reference reveals a fatty acid-binding site in the hydrophobic cleft near the heme region in Mb. Both palmitic acid and oleic acid attain a "U" shaped structure similar to their conformation in pockets of other fatty acid-binding proteins. Specifically, we found that the carboxyl head group of palmitic acid coordinates with the amino group of Lys45, whereas the carboxyl group of oleic acid coordinates with both the amino groups of Lys45 and Lys63. The alkyl tails of both fatty acids are supported by surrounding hydrophobic residues Leu29, Leu32, Phe33, Phe43, Phe46, Val67, Val68 and Ile107. In the saturated palmitic acid, the hydrophobic tail moves freely and occasionally penetrates deeper inside the hydrophobic cleft, making additional contacts with Val28, Leu69, Leu72 and Ile111. Our simulations reveal a dynamic and stable binding pocket in which the oxygen molecule and heme group in Mb are required for additional hydrophobic interactions. Taken together, these findings support a mechanism in which Mb acts as a muscle transporter for fatty acid when it is in the oxygenated state and releases fatty acid when Mb converts to deoxygenated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree V. Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SVC); (SHA)
| | - Gaurav Bhardwaj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Reema Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Natasha Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Randen L. Patterson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Damian B. van Rossum
- Center for Computational Proteomics, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sean H. Adams
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SVC); (SHA)
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D'Aprile A, Scrima R, Quarato G, Tataranni T, Falzetti F, Di Ianni M, Gemei M, Del Vecchio L, Piccoli C, Capitanio N. Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells express myoglobin and neuroglobin: adaptation to hypoxia or prevention from oxidative stress? Stem Cells 2014; 32:1267-77. [PMID: 24446190 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative metabolism and redox signaling prove to play a decisional role in controlling adult hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) biology. However, HSPCs reside in a hypoxic bone marrow microenvironment raising the question of how oxygen metabolism might be ensued. In this study, we provide for the first time novel functional and molecular evidences that human HSPCs express myoglobin (Mb) at level comparable with that of a muscle-derived cell line. Optical spectroscopy and oxymetry enabled to estimate an O2-sensitive heme-containing protein content of approximately 180 ng globin per 10(6) HSPC and a P50 of approximately 3 µM O2. Noticeably, expression of Mb mainly occurs through a HIF-1-induced alternative transcript (Mb-V/Mb-N = 35 ± 15, p < .01). A search for other Mb-related globins unveiled significant expression of neuroglobin (Ngb) but not of cytoglobin. Confocal microscopy immune detection of Mb in HSPCs strikingly revealed nuclear localization in cell subsets expressing high level of CD34 (nuclear/cytoplasmic Mb ratios 1.40 ± 0.02 vs. 0.85 ± 0.05, p < .01) whereas Ngb was homogeneously distributed in all the HSPC population. Dual-color fluorescence flow cytometry indicated that while the Mb content was homogeneously distributed in all the HSPC subsets that of Ngb was twofold higher in more immature HSPC. Moreover, we show that HSPCs exhibit a hypoxic nitrite reductase activity releasing NO consistent with described noncanonical functions of globins. Our finding extends the notion that Mb and Ngb can be expressed in nonmuscle and non-neural contexts, respectively, and is suggestive of a differential role of Mb in HSPC in controlling oxidative metabolism at different stages of commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria D'Aprile
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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32
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Meller S, Bicker A, Montani M, Ikenberg K, Rostamzadeh B, Sailer V, Wild P, Dietrich D, Uhl B, Sulser T, Moch H, Gorr TA, Stephan C, Jung K, Hankeln T, Kristiansen G. Myoglobin expression in prostate cancer is correlated to androgen receptor expression and markers of tumor hypoxia. Virchows Arch 2014; 465:419-27. [PMID: 25172328 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies identified unexpected expression and transcriptional complexity of the hemoprotein myoglobin (MB) in human breast cancer but its role in prostate cancer is still unclear. Expression of MB was immunohistochemically analyzed in three independent cohorts of radical prostatectomy specimens (n = 409, n = 625, and n = 237). MB expression data were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and molecular parameters of androgen and hypoxia signaling. Expression levels of novel tumor-associated MB transcript variants and the VEGF gene as a hypoxia marker were analyzed using qRT-PCR. Fifty-three percent of the prostate cancer cases were MB positive and significantly correlated with androgen receptor (AR) expression (p < 0.001). The positive correlation with CAIX (p < 0.001) and FASN (p = 0.008) as well as the paralleled increased expression of the tumor-associated MB transcript variants and VEGF suggest that hypoxia participates in MB expression regulation. Analogous to breast cancer, MB expression in prostate cancer is associated with steroid hormone signaling and markers of hypoxia. Further studies must elucidate the novel functional roles of MB in human carcinomas, which probably extend beyond its classic intramuscular function in oxygen storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Meller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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Schlater AE, De Miranda MA, Frye MA, Trumble SJ, Kanatous SB. Changing the paradigm for myoglobin: a novel link between lipids and myoglobin. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:307-15. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00973.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb) is an oxygen-binding muscular hemeprotein regulated via Ca2+-signaling pathways involving calcineurin (CN), with Mb increases attributed to hypoxia, exercise, and nitric oxide. Here, we show a link between lipid supplementation and increased Mb in skeletal muscle. C2C12 cells were cultured in normoxia or hypoxia with glucose or 5% lipid. Mb assays revealed that lipid cohorts had higher Mb than control cohorts in both normoxia and hypoxia, whereas Mb Western blots showed lipid cohorts having higher Mb than control cohorts exclusively under hypoxia. Normoxic cells were compared with soleus tissue from normoxic rats fed high-fat diets; whereas tissue sample cohorts showed no difference in CO-binding Mb, fat-fed rats showed increases in total Mb protein (similar to hypoxic cells), suggesting increases in modified Mb. Moreover, Mb increases did not parallel CN increases but did, however, parallel oxidative stress marker augmentation. Addition of antioxidant prevented Mb increases in lipid-supplemented normoxic cells and mitigated Mb increases in lipid-supplemented hypoxic cells, suggesting a pathway for Mb regulation through redox signaling independent of CN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melinda A. Frye
- Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa B. Maia
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento
de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José J. G. Moura
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento
de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Shih L, Chung Y, Sriram R, Jue T. Palmitate interaction with physiological states of myoglobin. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:656-66. [PMID: 24482816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that palmitate (PA) can bind specifically and non-specifically to Fe(III)MbCN. The present study has observed PA interaction with physiological states of Fe(II)Mb, and the observations support the hypothesis that Mb may have a potential role in facilitating intracellular fatty acid transport. METHODS 1H NMR spectra measurements of the Mb signal during PA titration show signal changes consistent with specific and non-specific binding. RESULTS Palmitate (PA) interacts differently with physiological states of Mb. Deoxy Mb does not interact specifically or non-specifically with PA, while the carbonmonoxy myoglobin (MbCO) interaction with PA decreases the intensity of selective signals and produces a 0.15ppmupfield shift of the PAmethylene peak. The selective signal change upon PA titration provides a basis to determine an apparent PA binding constant,which serves to create a model comparing the competitive PA binding and facilitated fatty acid transport of Mb and fatty acid binding protein(FABP). CONCLUSIONS Given contrasting PA interaction of ligated vs. unligated Mb, the cellular fatty acid binding protein(FABP) and Mb concentration in the cell, the reported cellular diffusion coefficients, the PA dissociation constants from ligated Mb and FABP, a fatty acid flux model suggests that Mb can compete with FABP transporting cellular fatty acid. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Under oxygenated conditions and continuous energy demand, Mb dependent fatty acid transport could influence the cell's preference for carbohydrate or fatty acid as a fuel source and regulate fatty acid metabolism.
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36
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Piccoli C, Agriesti F, Scrima R, Falzetti F, Di Ianni M, Capitanio N. To breathe or not to breathe: the haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells dilemma. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:1652-71. [PMID: 23714011 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adult haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) constitute the lifespan reserve for the generation of all the cellular lineages in the blood. Although massive progress in identifying the cluster of master genes controlling self-renewal and multipotency has been achieved in the past decade, some aspects of the physiology of HSPCs still need to be clarified. In particular, there is growing interest in the metabolic profile of HSPCs in view of their emerging role as determinants of cell fate. Indeed, stem cells and progenitors have distinct metabolic profiles, and the transition from stem to progenitor cell corresponds to a critical metabolic change, from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. In this review, we summarize evidence, reported in the literature and provided by our group, highlighting the peculiar ability of HSPCs to adapt their mitochondrial oxidative/bioenergetic metabolism to survive in the hypoxic microenvironment of the endoblastic niche and to exploit redox signalling in controlling the balance between quiescence versus active cycling and differentiation. Especial prominence is given to the interplay between hypoxia inducible factor-1, globins and NADPH oxidases in managing the mitochondrial dioxygen-related metabolism and biogenesis in HSPCs under different ambient conditions. A mechanistic model is proposed whereby 'mitochondrial differentiation' is a prerequisite in uncommitted stem cells, paving the way for growth/differentiation factor-dependent processes. Advancing the understanding of stem cell metabolism will, hopefully, help to (i) improve efforts to maintain, expand and manipulate HSPCs ex vivo and realize their potential therapeutic benefits in regenerative medicine; (ii) reprogramme somatic cells to generate stem cells; and (iii) eliminate, selectively, malignant stem cells. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Therapeutic Aspects in Oncology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2013.169.issue-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Piccoli
- Department of Medical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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37
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Rubio I, Suva LJ, Todorova V, Bhattacharyya S, Kaufmann Y, Maners A, Smith M, Klimberg VS. Oral Glutamine Reduces Radiation Morbidity in Breast Conservation Surgery. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2013; 37:623-30. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607112474994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Larry J. Suva
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Research, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | - Sudeepa Bhattacharyya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Research, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Kannan MM, Quine SD. Ellagic acid inhibits cardiac arrhythmias, hypertrophy and hyperlipidaemia during myocardial infarction in rats. Metabolism 2013; 62:52-61. [PMID: 23058930 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the protective effect of ellagic acid against experimentally induced cardiac arrhythmias, hypertrophy and its association with altered lipid metabolism during myocardial infarction in rats. METHODS Rats were treated with ellagic acid (7.5 and 15 mg/kg) orally for a period of 10 days. After 10 days of pretreatment, isoproterenol (100 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously at an interval of 24 h for 2 days to induce myocardial infarction. On the 12th day, the cardiac rhythm was observed. The rats were sacrificed and the heart was isolated from each rat. Ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial necrotic scores were analysed in the myocardium. Lipid peroxidation products in the plasma were analysed. Changes in the lipid profile were measured using the plasma and heart tissue homogenates of normal and experimental rats. RESULTS Isoproterenol-induced rats showed arrhythmias, hypertrophy and increased levels of myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB, lipid peroxidation products compared to the normal control rats. Ventricular hypertrophy and increased myocardial necrotic scores were observed in isoproterenol-induced rats. Oral pretreatment with ellagic acid restored pathological arrhythmias, ventricular hypertrophy, lipid peroxidation, altered lipid profile and myocardial necrosis in the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. CONCLUSIONS Oral pretreatment with ellagic acid was safe and effective in cardio protection against ISO-induced arrhythmias, hypertrophy and myocardial necrosis. Anti lipid peroxidation property and anti hyperlipidaemic activity through 3-hydroxy-3 methyl glutaryl CoA reductase inhibition by ellagic acid may be the reasons for the beneficial action of ellagic acid against experimentally induced myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mari Kannan
- SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India
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39
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Xie Y, Min S, Harte NP, Kirk H, O'Brien JE, Voorheis HP, Svanborg C, Hun Mok K. Electrostatic interactions play an essential role in the binding of oleic acid with α-lactalbumin in the HAMLET-like complex: a study using charge-specific chemical modifications. Proteins 2012; 81:1-17. [PMID: 22777854 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Human α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (HAMLET) and its analogs are partially unfolded protein-oleic acid (OA) complexes that exhibit selective tumoricidal activity normally absent in the native protein itself. To understand the nature of the interaction between protein and OA moieties, charge-specific chemical modifications of lysine side chains involving citraconylation, acetylation, and guanidination were employed and the biophysical and biological properties were probed. Upon converting the original positively-charged lysine residues to negatively-charged citraconyl or neutral acetyl groups, the binding of OA to protein was eliminated, as were any cytotoxic activities towards osteosarcoma cells. Retention of the positive charges by converting lysine residues to homoarginine groups (guanidination); however, yielded unchanged binding of OA to protein and identical tumoricidal activity to that displayed by the wild-type α-lactalbumin-oleic acid complex. With the addition of OA, the wild-type and guanidinated α-lactalbumin proteins underwent substantial conformational changes, such as partial unfolding, loss of tertiary structure, but retention of secondary structure. In contrast, no significant conformational changes were observed in the citraconylated and acetylated α-lactalbumins, most likely because of the absence of OA binding. These results suggest that electrostatic interactions between the positively-charged basic groups on α-lactalbumin and the negatively-charged carboxylate groups on OA molecules play an essential role in the binding of OA to α-lactalbumin and that these interactions appear to be as important as hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Xie
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute-TBSI, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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40
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Gleixner E, Herlyn H, Zimmerling S, Burmester T, Hankeln T. Testes-specific hemoglobins in Drosophila evolved by a combination of sub- and neofunctionalization after gene duplication. BMC Evol Biol 2012; 12:34. [PMID: 22429626 PMCID: PMC3361466 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For a long time the presence of respiratory proteins in most insects has been considered unnecessary. However, in recent years it has become evident that globins belong to the standard repertoire of the insect genome. Like most other insect globins, the glob1 gene of Drosophila melanogaster displays a conserved expression pattern in the tracheae, the fat body and the Malpighian tubules. RESULTS Here we show that the recently discovered D. melanogaster globin genes glob2 and glob3 both display an unusual male-specific expression in the reproductive tract during spermatogenesis. Both paralogs are transcribed at equivalent mRNA levels and largely overlap in their cellular expression patterns during spermatogenesis. Phylogenetic analyses showed that glob2 and glob3 reflect a gene duplication event that occurred in the ancestor of the Sophophora subgenus at least 40 million years ago. Therefore, flies of the Drosophila subgenus harbor only one glob2/3-like gene. CONCLUSIONS Phylogenetic and sequence analyses indicate an evolution of the glob2 and glob3 duplicates by a combination of sub- and neofunctionalization. Considering their restricted, testes-specific expression, an involvement of both globins in alleviating oxidative stress during spermatogenesis is conceivable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Gleixner
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger Herlyn
- Institute of Anthropology, University of Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmerling
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thorsten Burmester
- Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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Kristiansen G, Hu J, Wichmann D, Stiehl DP, Rose M, Gerhardt J, Bohnert A, ten Haaf A, Moch H, Raleigh J, Varia MA, Subarsky P, Scandurra FM, Gnaiger E, Gleixner E, Bicker A, Gassmann M, Hankeln T, Dahl E, Gorr TA. Endogenous myoglobin in breast cancer is hypoxia-inducible by alternative transcription and functions to impair mitochondrial activity: a role in tumor suppression? J Biol Chem 2011; 286:43417-28. [PMID: 21930697 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.227553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, immunohistochemical analysis of myoglobin (MB) in human breast cancer specimens has revealed a surprisingly widespread expression of MB in this nonmuscle context. The positive correlation with hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) and carbonic anhydrase IX suggested that oxygen regulates myoglobin expression in breast carcinomas. Here, we report that MB mRNA and protein levels are robustly induced by prolonged hypoxia in breast cancer cell lines, in part via HIF-1/2-dependent transactivation. The hypoxia-induced MB mRNA originated from a novel alternative transcription start site 6 kb upstream of the ATG codon. MB regulation in normal and tumor tissue may thus be fundamentally different. Functionally, the knockdown of MB in MDA-MB468 breast cancer cells resulted in an unexpected increase of O(2) uptake and elevated activities of mitochondrial enzymes during hypoxia. Silencing of MB transcription attenuated proliferation rates and motility capacities of hypoxic cancer cells and, surprisingly, also fully oxygenated breast cancer cells. Endogenous MB in cancer cells is apparently involved in controlling oxidative cell energy metabolism, contrary to earlier findings on mouse heart, where the targeted disruption of the Mb gene did not effect myocardial energetics and O(2) consumption. This control function of MB seemingly impacts mitochondria and influences cell proliferation and motility, but it does so in ways not directly related to the facilitated diffusion or storage of O(2). Hypothetically, the mitochondrion-impairing role of MB in hypoxic cancer cells is part of a novel tumor-suppressive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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42
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Gorr TA, Wichmann D, Pilarsky C, Theurillat JP, Fabrizius A, Laufs T, Bauer T, Koslowski M, Horn S, Burmester T, Hankeln T, Kristiansen G. Old proteins - new locations: myoglobin, haemoglobin, neuroglobin and cytoglobin in solid tumours and cancer cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2011; 202:563-81. [PMID: 20958924 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The unexpected identification of myoglobin (MB) in breast cancer prompted us to evaluate the clinico-pathological value of MB, haemoglobin (HB) and cytoglobin (CYGB) in human breast carcinoma cases. We further screened for the presence of neuroglobin (NGB) and CYGB in tumours of diverse origin, and assessed the O(2) -response of HB, MB and CYGB mRNAs in cancer cell lines, to better elicit the links between this ectopic globin expression and tumour hypoxia. METHODS Breast tumours were analysed by immunohistochemistry for HB, MB and CYGB and correlated with clinico-pathological parameters. Screening for CYGB and NGB mRNA expression in tumour entities was performed by hybridization, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and bioinformatics. Hypoxic or anoxic responses of HB, MB and CYGB mRNAs was analysed by qPCR in human Hep3B, MCF7, HeLa and RCC4 cancer cell lines. RESULTS 78.8% of breast cancer cases were positive for MB, 77.9% were positive for HB and 55.4% expressed CYGB. The closest correlation with markers of hypoxia was observed for CYGB. Compared to the weakly positive status of MB in healthy breast tissues, invasive tumours either lost or up-regulated MB. Breast carcinomas showed the tendency to silence CYGB. HB was not seen in normal tissues and up-regulated in tumours. Beyond breast malignancies, expression levels of NGB and CYGB mRNAs were extremely low in brain tumours (glioblastoma, astrocytoma). NGB was not observed in non-brain tumours. CYGB mRNA, readily detectable in breast cancer and other tumours, is down-regulated in lung adenocarcinomas. Alpha1 globin (α1 globin) and Mb were co-expressed in MCF7 and HeLa cells; CYGB transcription was anoxia-inducible in Hep3B and RCC4 cells. CONCLUSIONS This is the first time that HB and CYGB are reported in breast cancer. Neither NGB nor CYGB are systematically up-regulated in tumours. The down-regulated CYGB expression in breast and lung tumours is in line with a tumour-suppressor role. Each of the screened cancer cells expresses at least one globin (i.e. main globin species: CYGB in Hep3B; α1 globin + MB in MCF7 and HeLa). Thus, globins exist in a wide variety of solid tumours. However, the generally weak expression of the endogenous proteins in the cancer argues against a significant contribution to tumour oxygenation. Future studies should consider that cancer-expressed globins might function in ways not directly linked to the binding and transport of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Gorr
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Gros G, Wittenberg BA, Jue T. Myoglobin's old and new clothes: from molecular structure to function in living cells. J Exp Biol 2010; 213:2713-25. [PMID: 20675540 PMCID: PMC2912754 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.043075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin, a mobile carrier of oxygen, is without a doubt an important player central to the physiological function of heart and skeletal muscle. Recently, researchers have surmounted technical challenges to measure Mb diffusion in the living cell. Their observations have stimulated a discussion about the relative contribution made by Mb-facilitated diffusion to the total oxygen flux. The calculation of the relative contribution, however, depends upon assumptions, the cell model and cell architecture, cell bioenergetics, oxygen supply and demand. The analysis suggests that important differences can be observed whether steady-state or transient conditions are considered. This article reviews the current evidence underlying the evaluation of the biophysical parameters of myoglobin-facilitated oxygen diffusion in cells, specifically the intracellular concentration of myoglobin, the intracellular diffusion coefficient of myoglobin and the intracellular myoglobin oxygen saturation. The review considers the role of myoglobin in oxygen transport in vertebrate heart and skeletal muscle, in the diving seal during apnea as well as the role of the analogous leghemoglobin of plants. The possible role of myoglobin in intracellular fatty acid transport is addressed. Finally, the recent measurements of myoglobin diffusion inside muscle cells are discussed in terms of their implications for cytoarchitecture and microviscosity in these cells and the identification of intracellular impediments to the diffusion of proteins inside cells. The recent experimental data then help to refine our understanding of Mb function and establish a basis for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerolf Gros
- Zentrum Physiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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44
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Tomita A, Kreutzer U, Adachi SI, Koshihara SY, Jue T. ‘It's hollow’: the function of pores within myoglobin. J Exp Biol 2010; 213:2748-54. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.042994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Despite a century of research, the cellular function of myoglobin (Mb), the mechanism regulating oxygen (O2) transport in the cell and the structure–function relationship of Mb remain incompletely understood. In particular, the presence and function of pores within Mb have attracted much recent attention. These pores can bind to Xe as well as to other ligands. Indeed, recent cryogenic X-ray crystallographic studies using novel techniques have captured snapshots of carbon monoxide (CO) migrating through these pores. The observed movement of the CO molecule from the heme iron site to the internal cavities and the associated structural changes of the amino acid residues around the cavities confirm the integral role of the pores in forming a ligand migration pathway from the protein surface to the heme. These observations resolve a long-standing controversy – but how these pores affect the physiological function of Mb poses a striking question at the frontier of biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Tomita
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Oh-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
- Non-equilibrium Dynamics Project, ERATO/JST, 1-1 O-ho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Ulrike Kreutzer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, CA 95616-8635, USA
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Non-equilibrium Dynamics Project, ERATO/JST, 1-1 O-ho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 O-ho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-ya Koshihara
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Oh-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
- Non-equilibrium Dynamics Project, ERATO/JST, 1-1 O-ho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Thomas Jue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, CA 95616-8635, USA
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45
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Kristiansen G, Rose M, Geisler C, Fritzsche FR, Gerhardt J, Lüke C, Ladhoff AM, Knüchel R, Dietel M, Moch H, Varga Z, Theurillat JP, Gorr TA, Dahl E. Endogenous myoglobin in human breast cancer is a hallmark of luminal cancer phenotype. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1736-45. [PMID: 20531416 PMCID: PMC2883703 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to clarify the incidence and the clinicopathological value of non-muscle myoglobin (Mb) in a large cohort of non-invasive and invasive breast cancer cases. Methods: Matched pairs of breast tissues from 10 patients plus 17 breast cell lines were screened by quantitative PCR for Mb mRNA. In addition, 917 invasive and 155 non-invasive breast cancer cases were analysed by immunohistochemistry for Mb expression and correlated to clinicopathological parameters and basal molecular characteristics including oestrogen receptor-α (ERα)/progesteron receptor (PR)/HER2, fatty acid synthase (FASN), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), HIF-2α, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). The spatial relationship of Mb and ERα or FASN was followed up by double immunofluorescence. Finally, the effects of estradiol treatment and FASN inhibition on Mb expression in breast cancer cells were analysed. Results: Myoglobin mRNA was found in a subset of breast cancer cell lines; in microdissected tumours Mb transcript was markedly upregulated. In all, 71% of tumours displayed Mb protein expression in significant correlation with a positive hormone receptor status and better prognosis. In silico data mining confirmed higher Mb levels in luminal-type breast cancer. Myoglobin was also correlated to FASN, HIF-2α and CAIX, but not to HIF-1α or GLUT1, suggesting hypoxia to participate in its regulation. Double immunofluorescence showed a cellular co-expression of ERα or FASN and Mb. In addition, Mb levels were modulated on estradiol treatment and FASN inhibition in a cell model. Conclusion: We conclude that in breast cancer, Mb is co-expressed with ERα and co-regulated by oestrogen signalling and can be considered a hallmark of luminal breast cancer phenotype. This and its possible new role in fatty acid metabolism may have fundamental implications for our understanding of Mb in solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kristiansen
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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46
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Zhou QH, Zhang HM, Wu L, Wang YQ. Binding of Al(III)-tetracarboxyphthalocyanine to Hemoglobin and Myoglobin. Protein J 2010; 29:265-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-010-9248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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47
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A highlight of myoglobin diversity: the nitrite reductase activity during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Nitric Oxide 2009; 22:75-82. [PMID: 19836457 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2009.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Myoglobin, famous as an important intracellular oxygen binding hemeprotein, displays a variety of functions. The first pioneering review on myoglobin was published as early as 1939, in which Millikan concluded that "muscle hemoglobin" acts primarily as a short-term dioxygen store, tiding the muscle over from one contraction to the next. Since that time, myoglobin has become one of the most widely studied proteins in a variety of research fields ranging from chemistry to medicine. Recently it was discovered that in the heart myoglobin changes its function in dependence of oxygen tension, acting as an oxygen sensor. Under normoxic conditions myoglobin plays the role of a nitric oxide (NO(*)) scavenger, protecting the heart from the deleterious effects of excessive NO(*). During hypoxia however, myoglobin changes its role from an NO(*) scavenger to an NO(*) producer. Deoxygenated myoglobin reduces nitrite to bioactive NO(*). The produced NO(*) downregulates the cardiac energy status and reduces myocardial oxygen consumption, thus protecting the heart. Myoglobin also exhibits a nitrite reductase function under further pathophysiological conditions. During myocardial reperfusion after ischemia, myoglobin - via nitrite - regulates respiration and cellular viability. This leads to a dramatic reduction of myocardial infarct size and to an improvement of myocardial function. The reaction between myoglobin and nitrite thus seems to play an imminent role in the regulation of cardiac function in physiology and pathophysiology.
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