1
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Neupane S, Aryal YP, Kwak HJ, Lee SG, Kim TY, Pokharel E, Kim JY, Kim JH, Sohn WJ, An SY, An CH, Jung JK, Ha JH, Yamamoto H, Cho SW, Lee S, Lee Y, Park KK, Min BK, Park C, Kwon TY, Cho SJ, Kim JY. Developmental roles of glomerular epithelial protein-1 in mice molar morphogenesis. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 395:53-62. [PMID: 37985496 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular epithelial protein-1 (Glepp1), a R3 subtype family of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases, plays important role in the activation of Src family kinases and regulates cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we firstly examined the functional evaluation of Glepp1 in tooth development and morphogenesis. The precise expression level and developmental function of Glepp1 were examined by RT-qPCR, in situ hybridization, and loss and gain of functional study using a range of in vitro organ cultivation methods. Expression of Glepp1 was detected in the developing tooth germs in cap and bell stage of tooth development. Knocking down Glepp1 at E13 for 2 days showed the altered expression levels of tooth development-related signaling molecules, including Bmps, Dspp, Fgf4, Lef1, and Shh. Moreover, transient knock down of Glepp1 revealed alterations in cellular physiology, examined by the localization patterns of Ki67 and E-cadherin. Similarly, knocking down of Glepp1 showed disrupted enamel rod and interrod formation in 3-week renal transplanted teeth. In addition, due to attrition of odontoblastic layers, the expression signals of Dspp and the localization of NESTIN were almost not detected after knock down of Glepp1; however, their expressions were increased after Glepp1 overexpression. Thus, our results suggested that Glepp1 plays modulating roles during odontogenesis by regulating the expression levels of signaling molecules and cellular events to achieve the proper structural formation of hard tissue matrices in mice molar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Neupane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
| | - Yam Prasad Aryal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kwak
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung-Gwon Lee
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Elina Pokharel
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyeuk Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wern-Joo Sohn
- Pre-Major of Cosmetics and Pharmaceutics, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Seo-Young An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang-Hyeon An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwang Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Hong Ha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hitoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sung-Won Cho
- Division of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanggyu Lee
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kwang-Kyun Park
- Professor Emeritus Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Ki Min
- Center for Research Facilities, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Chungoo Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Tae-Yub Kwon
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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2
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Sekiguchi M, Seki M, Kawai T, Yoshida K, Yoshida M, Isobe T, Hoshino N, Shirai R, Tanaka M, Souzaki R, Watanabe K, Arakawa Y, Nannya Y, Suzuki H, Fujii Y, Kataoka K, Shiraishi Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Shimamura T, Sato Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Kimura S, Kubota Y, Hiwatari M, Koh K, Hayashi Y, Kanamori Y, Kasahara M, Kohashi K, Kato M, Yoshioka T, Matsumoto K, Oka A, Taguchi T, Sanada M, Tanaka Y, Miyano S, Hata K, Ogawa S, Takita J. Integrated multiomics analysis of hepatoblastoma unravels its heterogeneity and provides novel druggable targets. NPJ Precis Oncol 2020; 4:20. [PMID: 32656360 PMCID: PMC7341754 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-020-0125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver cancer, its genetic heterogeneity and therapeutic targets are not well elucidated. Therefore, we conducted a multiomics analysis, including mutatome, DNA methylome, and transcriptome analyses, of 59 hepatoblastoma samples. Based on DNA methylation patterns, hepatoblastoma was classified into three clusters exhibiting remarkable correlation with clinical, histological, and genetic features. Cluster F was largely composed of cases with fetal histology and good outcomes, whereas clusters E1 and E2 corresponded primarily to embryonal/combined histology and poor outcomes. E1 and E2, albeit distinguishable by different patient age distributions, were genetically characterized by hypermethylation of the HNF4A/CEBPA-binding regions, fetal liver-like expression patterns, upregulation of the cell cycle pathway, and overexpression of NQO1 and ODC1. Inhibition of NQO1 and ODC1 in hepatoblastoma cells induced chemosensitization and growth suppression, respectively. Our results provide a comprehensive description of the molecular basis of hepatoblastoma and rational therapeutic strategies for high-risk cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sekiguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Misa Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Hoshino
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Shirai
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryota Souzaki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Fujii
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Chiba
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tanaka
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiko Sato-Otsubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Hiwatari
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Koh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Kanamori
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mureo Kasahara
- Transplantation Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kato
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Yoshioka
- Department of Pathology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Matsumoto
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Sanada
- Department of Advanced Diagnosis, Clinical Research Center, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukichi Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Nguyen L, Wang Z, Chowdhury AY, Chu E, Eerdeng J, Jiang D, Lu R. Functional compensation between hematopoietic stem cell clones in vivo. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201745702. [PMID: 29848511 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201745702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In most organ systems, regeneration is a coordinated effort that involves many stem cells, but little is known about whether and how individual stem cells compensate for the differentiation deficiencies of other stem cells. Functional compensation is critically important during disease progression and treatment. Here, we show how individual hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) clones heterogeneously compensate for the lymphopoietic deficiencies of other HSCs in a mouse. This compensation rescues the overall blood supply and influences blood cell types outside of the deficient lineages in distinct patterns. We find that highly differentiating HSC clones expand their cell numbers at specific differentiation stages to compensate for the deficiencies of other HSCs. Some of these clones continue to expand after transplantation into secondary recipients. In addition, lymphopoietic compensation involves gene expression changes in HSCs that are characterized by increased lymphoid priming, decreased myeloid priming, and HSC self-renewal. Our data illustrate how HSC clones coordinate to maintain the overall blood supply. Exploiting the innate compensation capacity of stem cell networks may improve the prognosis and treatment of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Nguyen
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adnan Y Chowdhury
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Chu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiya Eerdeng
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Du Jiang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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4
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Chartier C, Raval J, Axelrod F, Bond C, Cain J, Dee-Hoskins C, Ma S, Fischer MM, Shah J, Wei J, Ji M, Lam A, Stroud M, Yen WC, Yeung P, Cancilla B, O'Young G, Wang M, Kapoun AM, Lewicki J, Hoey T, Gurney A. Therapeutic Targeting of Tumor-Derived R-Spondin Attenuates β-Catenin Signaling and Tumorigenesis in Multiple Cancer Types. Cancer Res 2015; 76:713-23. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Dandekar S, Romanos-Sirakis E, Pais F, Bhatla T, Jones C, Bourgeois W, Hunger SP, Raetz EA, Hermiston ML, Dasgupta R, Morrison DJ, Carroll WL. Wnt inhibition leads to improved chemosensitivity in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2014; 167:87-99. [PMID: 24995804 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is now highly curable, the dismal prognosis for children who relapse warrants novel therapeutic approaches. Previously, using an integrated genomic analysis of matched diagnosis-relapse paired samples, we identified overactivation of the Wnt pathway as a possible mechanism of recurrence. To validate these findings and document whether Wnt inhibition may sensitize cells to chemotherapy, we analysed the expression of activated β-catenin (and its downstream target BIRC5) using multiparameter phosphoflow cytometry and tested the efficacy of a recently developed Wnt inhibitor, iCRT14, in ALL cell lines and patient samples. We observed increased activation of β-catenin at relapse in 6/10 patients. Furthermore, treatment of leukaemic cell lines with iCRT14 led to significant downregulation of Wnt target genes and combination with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs resulted in a synergistic decrease in viability as well as a significant increase in apoptotic cell death. Finally, pre-treatment of purified blasts from patients with relapsed leukaemia with the Wnt inhibitor followed by exposure to prednisolone, restored chemosensitivity in these cells. Our results demonstrate that overactivation of the Wnt pathway may contribute to chemoresistance in relapsed childhood ALL and that Wnt-inhibition may be a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Dandekar
- NYU Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Eleny Romanos-Sirakis
- NYU Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Staten Island University Hospital
| | - Faye Pais
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - Teena Bhatla
- NYU Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Courtney Jones
- NYU Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Michelle L Hermiston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - Ramanuj Dasgupta
- NYU Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - William L Carroll
- NYU Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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6
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Burke MJ, Bhatla T. Epigenetic modifications in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Pediatr 2014; 2:42. [PMID: 24860797 PMCID: PMC4030177 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2014.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant epigenetic modifications are well-recognized drivers for oncogenesis. Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is no exception and serves as a model toward the significant impact these heritable alterations can have in leukemogenesis. In this brief review, we will focus on the main aspects of epigenetics, which control leukemogenesis in pediatric ALL, mainly DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA alterations. As we continue to gain better understanding of the driving mechanisms for pediatric ALL at both diagnosis and relapse, therapeutic interventions directed toward these pathways and mechanisms can be harnessed and introduced into clinical trials for pediatric ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Burke
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, WI , USA
| | - Teena Bhatla
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, New York University Langone Medical Center , New York, NY , USA
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7
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Virag P, Fischer-Fodor E, Perde-Schrepler M, Brie I, Tatomir C, Balacescu L, Berindan-Neagoe I, Victor B, Balacescu O. Oxaliplatin induces different cellular and molecular chemoresistance patterns in colorectal cancer cell lines of identical origins. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:480. [PMID: 23865481 PMCID: PMC3776436 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cells frequently adopt cellular and molecular alterations and acquire resistance to cytostatic drugs. Chemotherapy with oxaliplatin is among the leading treatments for colorectal cancer with a response rate of 50%, inducing intrastrand cross-links on the DNA. Despite of this drug’s efficiency, resistance develops in nearly all metastatic patients. Chemoresistance being of crucial importance for the drug’s clinical efficiency this study aimed to contribute to the identification and description of some cellular and molecular alterations induced by prolonged oxaliplatin therapy. Resistance to oxaliplatin was induced in Colo320 (Colo320R) and HT-29 (HT-29R) colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines by exposing the cells to increasing concentrations of the drug. Alterations in morphology, cytotoxicity, DNA cross-links formation and gene expression profiles were assessed in the parental and resistant variants with microscopy, MTT, alkaline comet and pangenomic microarray assays, respectively. Results Morphology analysis revealed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the resistant vs parental cells suggesting alterations of the cells’ adhesion complexes, through which they acquire increased invasiveness and adherence. Cytotoxicity measurements demonstrated resistance to oxaliplatin in both cell lines; Colo320 being more sensitive than HT-29 to this drug (P < 0.001). The treatment with oxaliplatin caused major DNA cross-links in both parental cell lines; in Colo320R small amounts of DNA cross-links were still detectable, while in HT-29R not. We identified 441 differentially expressed genes in Colo320R and 613 in HT-29R as compared to their parental counterparts (at least 1.5 -fold up- or down- regulation, p < 0.05). More disrupted functions and pathways were detected in HT-29R cell line than in Colo320R, involving genes responsible for apoptosis inhibition, cellular proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Several upstream regulators were detected as activated in HT-29R cell line, but not in Colo320R. Conclusions Our findings revealed a more resistant phenotype in HT-29R as compared to Colo320R and different cellular and molecular chemoresistance patterns induced by prolonged treatment with oxaliplatin in cell lines with identical origins (colorectal adenocarcinomas).
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Affiliation(s)
- Piroska Virag
- The Oncology Institute Prof.Dr.I. Chiricuta, 400015 Republicii Str,, nr, 34-36, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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8
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Liao WH, Cheng CH, Hung KS, Chiu WT, Chen GD, Hwang PP, Hwang SPL, Kuan YS, Huang CJ. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (Ptpro) regulates cerebellar formation during zebrafish development through modulating Fgf signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:2367-81. [PMID: 23361036 PMCID: PMC3676743 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein activities controlled by receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) play comparably important roles in transducing cell surface signals into the cytoplasm by protein tyrosine kinases. Previous studies showed that several RPTPs are involved in neuronal generation, migration, and axon guidance in Drosophila, and the vertebrate hippocampus, retina, and developing limbs. However, whether the protein tyrosine phosphatase type O (ptpro), one kind of RPTP, participates in regulating vertebrate brain development is largely unknown. We isolated the zebrafish ptpro gene and found that its transcripts are primarily expressed in the embryonic and adult central nervous system. Depletion of zebrafish embryonic Ptpro by antisense morpholino oligonucleotide knockdown resulted in prominent defects in the forebrain and cerebellum, and the injected larvae died on the 4th day post-fertilization (dpf). We further investigated the function of ptpro in cerebellar development and found that the expression of ephrin-A5b (efnA5b), a Fgf signaling induced cerebellum patterning factor, was decreased while the expression of dusp6, a negative-feedback gene of Fgf signaling in the midbrain-hindbrain boundary region, was notably induced in ptpro morphants. Further analyses demonstrated that cerebellar defects of ptpro morphants were partially rescued by inhibiting Fgf signaling. Moreover, Ptpro physically interacted with the Fgf receptor 1a (Fgfr1a) and dephosphorylated Fgfr1a in a dose-dependant manner. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that Ptpro activity is required for patterning the zebrafish embryonic brain. Specifically, Ptpro regulates cerebellar formation during zebrafish development through modulating Fgf signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Liao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 104, Taiwan
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9
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Expression profiling during mammary epithelial cell three-dimensional morphogenesis identifies PTPRO as a novel regulator of morphogenesis and ErbB2-mediated transformation. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32:3913-24. [PMID: 22851698 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00068-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of genes that are upregulated during mammary epithelial cell morphogenesis may reveal novel regulators of tumorigenesis. We have demonstrated that gene expression programs in mammary epithelial cells grown in monolayer cultures differ significantly from those in three-dimensional (3D) cultures. We identify a protein tyrosine phosphate, PTPRO, that was upregulated in mature MCF-10A mammary epithelial 3D structures but had low to undetectable levels in monolayer cultures. Downregulation of PTPRO by RNA interference inhibited proliferation arrest during morphogenesis. Low levels of PTPRO expression correlated with reduced survival for breast cancer patients, suggesting a tumor suppressor function. Furthermore, we showed that the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2/HER2 is a direct substrate of PTPRO and that loss of PTPRO increased ErbB2-induced cell proliferation and transformation, together with tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB2. Moreover, in patients with ErbB2-positive breast tumors, low PTPRO expression correlated with poor clinical prognosis compared to ErbB2-positive patients with high levels of PTPRO. Thus, PTPRO is a novel regulator of ErbB2 signaling, a potential tumor suppressor, and a novel prognostic marker for patients with ErbB2-positive breast cancers. We have identified the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRO as a regulator of three-dimensional epithelial morphogenesis of mammary epithelial cells and as a regulator of ErbB2-mediated transformation. In addition, we demonstrated that ErbB2 is a direct substrate of PTPRO and that decreased expression of PTPRO predicts poor prognosis for ErbB2-positive breast cancer patients. Thus, our results identify PTPRO as a novel regulator of mammary epithelial transformation, a potential tumor suppressor, and a predictive biomarker for breast cancer.
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10
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Schmidt F, van den Eijnden M, Pescini Gobert R, Saborio GP, Carboni S, Alliod C, Pouly S, Staugaitis SM, Dutta R, Trapp B, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R. Identification of VHY/Dusp15 as a regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation through a systematic genomics approach. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40457. [PMID: 22792334 PMCID: PMC3394735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease characterized by a progressive loss of myelin and a failure of oligodendrocyte (OL)-mediated remyelination, particularly in the progressive phases of the disease. An improved understanding of the signaling mechanisms that control differentiation of OL precursors may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for remyelination in MS. About 100 mammalian Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs) are known, many of which are involved in signaling both in health and disease. We have undertaken a systematic genomic approach to evaluate PTP gene activity in multiple sclerosis autopsies and in related in vivo and in vitro models of the disease. This effort led to the identification of Dusp15/VHY, a PTP previously believed to be expressed only in testis, as being transcriptionally regulated during OL differentiation and in MS lesions. Subsequent RNA interference studies revealed that Dusp15/VHY is a key regulator of OL differentiation. Finally, we identified PDGFR-beta and SNX6 as novel and specific Dusp15 substrates, providing an indication as to how this PTP might exert control over OL differentiation.
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11
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You YJ, Chen YP, Zheng X, Meltzer SJ, Zhang H. Aberrant methylation of the PTPRO gene in peripheral blood as a potential biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Cancer Lett 2012; 315:138-44. [PMID: 22099875 PMCID: PMC3248961 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic inactivation of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O (PTPRO), a new member of the PTP family, has been described in several forms of cancer. We evaluated PTPRO promoter hypermethylation as a potential biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This alteration was observed in 27 (75%) of 36 primary tumors and correlated significantly with depth of invasion (T-stage, P = 0.013). Among matched peripheral blood samples from ESCC patients, 13 (36.1%) of 36 exhibited detectable methylated PTPRO in plasma, while 15 (41.7%) of 36 had this abnormality in buffy coat. No methylated PTPRO was observed in normal peripheral blood samples from 10 healthy individuals. In addition, demethylation by 5-aza-dC treatment led to gene reactivation in PTPRO-methylated and -silenced ESCC cell lines. To our knowledge, this is the first report of methylated PTPRO as a noninvasive tumor biomarker in peripheral blood. These findings suggest that hypermethylated PTPRO occurs frequently in ESCC. Further, detection in peripheral blood of ESCC patients suggests potential clinical application for noninvasive diagnosis and disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie You
- Department of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Oncological Research Lab, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ping Chen
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zheng
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Stephen J. Meltzer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Tumor Tissue Bank, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Oncological Research Lab, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author address: Hao Zhang, Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Shantou University, 22 Xinling-Road, Shantou 515041, People’s Republic of China. Tel.: 86-754-8900406; Fax: 86-754-8900406; (H Zhang)
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Integrated genomic analysis of relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals therapeutic strategies. Blood 2011; 118:5218-26. [PMID: 21921043 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-04-345595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite an increase in survival for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the outcome after relapse is poor. To understand the genetic events that contribute to relapse and chemoresistance and identify novel targets of therapy, 3 high-throughput assays were used to identify genetic and epigenetic changes at relapse. Using matched diagnosis/relapse bone marrow samples from children with relapsed B-precursor ALL, we evaluated gene expression, copy number abnormalities (CNAs), and DNA methylation. Gene expression analysis revealed a signature of differentially expressed genes from diagnosis to relapse that is different for early (< 36 months) and late (≥ 36 months) relapse. CNA analysis discovered CNAs that were shared at diagnosis and relapse and others that were new lesions acquired at relapse. DNA methylation analysis found increased promoter methylation at relapse. There were many genetic alterations that evolved from diagnosis to relapse, and in some cases these genes had previously been associated with chemoresistance. Integration of the results from all 3 platforms identified genes of potential interest, including CDKN2A, COL6A2, PTPRO, and CSMD1. Although our results indicate that a diversity of genetic changes are seen at relapse, integration of gene expression, CNA, and methylation data suggest a possible convergence on the WNT and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.
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