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Fawzy M, Emad M, Elsuity MA, Mahran A, Abdelrahman MY, Fetih AN, Abdelghafar H, Sabry M, Nour M, Rasheed SM. Cytokines hold promise for human embryo culture in vitro: results of a randomized clinical trial. Fertil Steril 2019; 112:849-857.e1. [PMID: 31551154 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of cytokine enrichment of culture medium on embryological and clinical outcomes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN A randomized clinical trial. SETTING In vitro fertilization centers. PATIENT(S) This trial included 443 ICSI cycles randomized into two groups. INTERVENTION(S) This study evaluated the influence of integration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor, and leukemia inhibitory factor into culture media on human embryo development after ICSI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Ongoing pregnancy rate per a randomized participant. RESULT(S) Cytokine enrichment of culture medium showed improvement in ongoing pregnancy rate compared with no cytokines (106/224 [47%] vs. 78/219 [36%]; absolute rate difference [ARD] = 12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5-21). This integration of cytokines also showed better rates of live birth (101/224 [45%] vs. 71/219 [33%]; ARD = 13; 95% CI, 4-21) and cumulative live birth (132/224 [60%] vs. 97/219 [44%]; ARD = 12; 95% CI, 4-20) and lower rate of pregnancy loss (27/124 [22%] vs. 37/103 [36%]; ARD = -14; 95% CI, -26 to -2) than conventional medium. Embryos developed in the cytokine-supplemented medium showed better blastocyst formation, quality, cryopreservation, and use than control medium. CONCLUSION(S) Integration of cytokines into human embryo culture media showed improvement in embryological and clinical outcomes after ICSI. However, the long-term effect of cytokine enrichment of a medium is still unclear and warrants further studies with longitudinal follow-up. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02420886 at ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzy
- IbnSina IVF Center, IbnSina Hospital, Sohag, Egypt; Banon IVF Center, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Mai Emad
- IbnSina IVF Center, IbnSina Hospital, Sohag, Egypt; Banon IVF Center, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elsuity
- IbnSina IVF Center, IbnSina Hospital, Sohag, Egypt; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Ali Mahran
- Banon IVF Center, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed N Fetih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hazem Abdelghafar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Sabry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Salah M Rasheed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different timing for frozen-thawed bovine ampullary epithelial cell (BAEC) and bovine oviductal epithelial cell (BOEC) co-culture on the development and quality of bovine embryos produced in vitro. Embryo development was assessed by day 8 blastocyst yield, whereas embryo quality was determined using blastocyst differential cell count, cryotolerance and the expression of selected genes related to embryo quality. The results showed that the presence of BAECs during the last 6 h of in vitro maturation (IVM) increased blastocyst yield and survival of the vitrified-warmed blastocysts. In addition, embryos produced in the presence of BAECs during the last 6 h of IVM or in the presence of BOECs during the first 4 days of in vitro culture (IVC) showed a greater number of trophectoderm cells and a greater inner cell mass. In terms of gene expression, IFN-T was downregulated and PLAC8, AQP3 and ATP1A1 were upregulated in the presence of the BAECs during the last 6 h of the IVM and/or in the presence of BOECs during the first 4 days of IVC. In conclusion, co-culturing bovine oocytes with a frozen-thawed ampullary cell monolayer during the last 6 h of maturation increased blastocyst yield and quality.
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Le Saint C, Crespo K, Bourdiec A, Bissonnette F, Buzaglo K, Couturier B, Bisotto S, Phillips SJ, Stutz M, Gouze JN, Sampalis JS, Hamamah S, Kadoch IJ. Autologous endometrial cell co-culture improves human embryo development to high-quality blastocysts: a randomized controlled trial. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 38:321-329. [PMID: 30660602 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Does autologous endometrial cell co-culture (AECC) improve the number of good-quality blastocysts obtained by IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), compared with conventional embryo culture medium in a broad group of patients referred to assisted reproductive technology (ART)? DESIGN This interventional, randomized, double-blind study took place at Clinique Ovo from March 2013 to October 2015 and included 207 healthy patients undergoing an IVF or ICSI protocol, of which 71 were excluded before randomization. On the previous cycle, all participants underwent an endometrial biopsy at D5 to D7 post-ovulation, following which the endometrial cells were prepared for AECC. RESULTS The data demonstrated that AECC significantly increased the incidence of good-quality blastocysts compared with culture in conventional media (42.6% vs 28.4%, P < 0.001). No significant differences were found in pregnancy and live birth rates. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the benefits of AECC on blastocyst quality compared with conventional embryo culture medium, in a broader category of patients referred to ART as opposed to other studies that concentrated on specific causes of infertility only. However, limitations of the study design should be taken into consideration; the analysis was performed using embryos rather than patients and a follow-up of children born following the treatments could not be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Le Saint
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo Labo, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada.
| | - Kimberley Crespo
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo Labo, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada.
| | - Amélie Bourdiec
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo R and D, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada
| | - François Bissonnette
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo Labo, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; Clinique Ovo, Ovo R and D, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; Clinique Ovo, Ovo Fertility, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; University of Montréal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), 1051 Sanguinet Street, Montréal Quebec H2 × 0C1, Canada
| | - Karen Buzaglo
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo Fertility, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; University of Montréal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), 1051 Sanguinet Street, Montréal Quebec H2 × 0C1, Canada
| | - Bernard Couturier
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo Labo, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; Clinique Ovo, Ovo R and D, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; Clinique Ovo, Ovo Fertility, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; University of Montréal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), 1051 Sanguinet Street, Montréal Quebec H2 × 0C1, Canada
| | - Sandra Bisotto
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo R and D, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada
| | - Simon J Phillips
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo Fertility, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal Quebec, Canada
| | - Melissa Stutz
- JSS Research, 9400 Henri-Bourassa West, St-Laurent Quebec H4S 1N8, Canada
| | - Jean-Noël Gouze
- Laboratoires Genévrier, 280 de Goa Street, ZI des Trois Moulins Antibes 06600, France
| | - John S Sampalis
- JSS Research, 9400 Henri-Bourassa West, St-Laurent Quebec H4S 1N8, Canada
| | - Samir Hamamah
- ART/PGD Department, Arnaud-de-Villeneuve Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier, Inserm U1203, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Isaac Jacques Kadoch
- Clinique Ovo, Ovo Labo, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; Clinique Ovo, Ovo R and D, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; Clinique Ovo, Ovo Fertility, 8000 Décarie Boulevard, Suite 600, Montréal Quebec H4P 2S4, Canada; University of Montréal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), 1051 Sanguinet Street, Montréal Quebec H2 × 0C1, Canada
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Co-culture of human embryos with autologous cumulus cell clusters and its beneficial impact of secreted growth factors on preimplantation development as compared to standard embryo culture in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Jasmin, Peters VM, Spray DC, Mendez-Otero R. Effect of mesenchymal stem cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts on the development of preimplantation mouse embryos. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:497-506. [PMID: 26744031 PMCID: PMC5140089 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in assisted reproduction techniques, the poor quality and failures in embryo in vitro development remain as drawbacks resulting in low pregnancy rate. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) have been widely used to support embryonic stem cells. Mesenchymal cells (MSCs) have also been shown to release bioactive factors. In the present study, we have evaluated the ability of MSCs and MEFs to support early development of mouse embryos. The embryos were cultivated alone or in coculture with inactivated MSC or MEF for 4 d. After 4 d in culture, the percentage of blastocyst formation in coculture with MSC (91.7 ± 4.3%) or MEF (95.1 ± 3.3%) was higher than in the control group (72.2 ± 9.0%). We did not observe any difference in proliferation or apoptosis. However, the blastocysts cocultured with MSC or MEF presented a significantly higher number of cells within the inner cell mass per embryo when compared to the controls. The MSC and MEF groups presented also a higher cell number and diameter when compared to the control (CTRL). In summary, our data indicate that coculture with MSC or MEF improves early embryonic development and quality in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Peters
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - David C Spray
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Dashti S, Zare Shahneh A, Kohram H, Zhandi M, Dadashpour Davachi N. Differential influence of ovine oviduct ampullary and isthmic derived epithelial cells on in vitro early embryo development and kinetic. Small Rumin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Swain JE, Carrell D, Cobo A, Meseguer M, Rubio C, Smith GD. Optimizing the culture environment and embryo manipulation to help maintain embryo developmental potential. Fertil Steril 2016; 105:571-587. [PMID: 26851765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With increased use of comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS), the question remains as to why some practices do not experience the same high levels of clinical success after implementation of the approach. Indeed, the debate surrounding the efficacy and usefulness of blastocyst biopsy and CCS continues. Importantly, several variables impact the success of an assisted reproductive technology cycle. Transfer of a euploid embryo is but one factor in an intricate system that requires numerous steps to occur successfully. Certainly, the culture environment and the manipulations of the embryo during its time in the laboratory can impact its reproductive potential. Environmental stressors ranging from culture media to culture conditions and even culture platform can impact biochemical, metabolic, and epigenetic patterns that can affect the developing cell independent of chromosome number. Furthermore, accompanying procedures, such as biopsy and vitrification, are complex and, when performed improperly, can negatively impact embryo quality. These are areas that likely still carry room for improvement within the IVF laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doug Carrell
- Department of Surgery (Urology) and Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ana Cobo
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Gary D Smith
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ob/Gyn, Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Melnick AP, Murphy EM, Masbou AK, Sapra KJ, Rosenwaks Z, Spandorfer SD. Autologous endometrial coculture biopsy: is timing everything? Fertil Steril 2015; 104:104-9.e1. [PMID: 25989976 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether endometrial biopsy timing affects implantation rates and pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) with autologous endometrial coculture (AECC). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) All patients with a history of at least one failed IVF cycle who underwent an IVF-AECC cycle at our center from May 2004 to November 2013 were included. INTERVENTION(S) Patients underwent luteal-phase endometrial biopsy in preparation for IVF. Biopsy samples were used for IVF in either the subsequent menstrual cycle or a future cycle. Embryos were cultured in AECC media and transferred on day 3. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) A total of 2,533 cycles of 1,719 patients who underwent an IVF-AECC cycle were identified. Cycles were stratified by endometrial biopsy timing. Clinical outcomes, including implantation, pregnancy, and live birth rates, were analyzed and compared between the two groups. RESULT(S) A total of 1,416 coculture biopsies were performed in the menstrual cycle before IVF and 1,117 were performed more than one cycle before IVF. The two groups were similar in age, body mass index, number of mature oocytes retrieved, and best embryo grade. There were no significant differences in implantation, clinical pregnancy, or live birth rates, with adjusted relative risks of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92-1.13), 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.14), and 0.99 (95% CI 0.86-1.16), respectively. CONCLUSION(S) Coculture biopsy in the cycle preceding IVF does not increase implantation, clinical pregnancy, or live birth rates compared with biopsies performed more than one cycle before IVF. Previously demonstrated improvements in embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing IVF with AECC are probably not attributable to biopsy-induced endometrial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis P Melnick
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Erin M Murphy
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Alexis K Masbou
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Katherine J Sapra
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Steven D Spandorfer
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
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Ménézo Y, Guérin P, Elder K. The oviduct: a neglected organ due for re-assessment in IVF. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 30:233-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Experimental evidence from the last 30 years supports the fact that the oviduct is involved in the modulation of the reproductive process in eutherian mammals. Oviductal secretion contains molecules that contribute to regulation of gamete function, gamete interaction, and the early stages of embryo development. The oviductal environment would act as a sperm reservoir, maintaining sperm viability, and modulating the subpopulation of spermatozoa that initiates the capacitation process. It could also contribute to prevent the premature acrosome reaction and to reduce polyspermy. Many studies have reported the beneficial effects of the oviductal environment on fertilization and on the first stages of embryo development. Some oviductal factors have been identified in different mammalian species. The effects of oviductal secretion on the reproductive process could be thought to result from the dynamic combined action (inhibitory or stimulatory) of multiple factors present in the oviductal lumen at different stages of the ovulatory cycle and in the presence of gametes or embryos. It could be hypothesized that the absence of a given molecule would not affect fertility as its action could be compensated by another factor with similar functions. However, any alteration in this balance could affect certain events of the reproductive process and could perhaps impair fertility. Thus, the complexity of the reproductive process warrants a continuous research effort to unveil the mechanisms and factors behind its regulation in the oviductal microenvironment.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The advances in the world of IVF during the last decades have been rapid and impressive and culture media play a major role in this success. Until the 1980s fertility centers made their media in house. Nowadays, there are numerous commercially available culture media that contain various components including nutrients, vitamins and growth factors. This review goes through the past, present and future of IVF culture media and explores their composition and quality assessment. METHODS A computerized search was performed in PubMed regarding IVF culture media including results from 1929 until March 2014. Information was gathered from the websites of companies who market culture media, advertising material, instructions for use and certificates of analysis. The regulation regarding IVF media mainly in the European Union (EU) but also in non-European countries was explored. RESULTS The keyword 'IVF culture media' gave 923 results in PubMed and 'embryo culture media' 12 068 results dating from 1912 until March 2014, depicting the increased scientific activity in this field. The commercialization of IVF culture media has increased the standards bringing a great variety of options into clinical practice. However, it has led to reduced transparency and comparisons of brand names that do not facilitate the scientific dialogue. Furthermore, there is some evidence suggesting that suboptimal culture conditions could cause long-term reprogramming in the embryo as the periconception period is particularly susceptible to epigenetic alterations. IVF media are now classified as class III medical devices and only CE (Conformité Européene)-marked media should be used in the EU. CONCLUSION The CE marking of IVF culture media is a significant development in the field. However, the quality and efficiency of culture media should be monitored closely. Well-designed randomized controlled trials, large epidemiological studies and full transparency should be the next steps. Reliable, standardized models assessing multiple end-points and post-implantation development should replace the mouse embryo assay. Structured long-term follow-up of children conceived by assisted reproduction technologies and traceability are of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elpiniki Chronopoulou
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Joyce C Harper
- UCL Centre for PG and D, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK The Centre for Reproductive and Genetic Health, UCLH, London, UK
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Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) encompass fertility treatments, which involve manipulations of both oocyte and sperm in vitro. This chapter provides a brief overview of ART, including indications for treatment, ovarian reserve testing, selection of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) protocols, laboratory techniques of ART including in vitro fertilization (IVF), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryo transfer techniques, and luteal phase support. This chapter also discusses potential complications of ART, namely ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and multiple gestations, and the perinatal outcomes of ART.
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The influence of serum substituents on serum-free Vero cell conditioned culture media manufactured from Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium in mouse embryo culture. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2013; 56:320-9. [PMID: 24328022 PMCID: PMC3784127 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2013.56.5.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to examine the influences of supplementation of the serum substituents and available period of serum-free Vero cell conditioned media (SF-VCM) manufactured from Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium cultured with Vero cells for in vitro development of mouse preimplantation embryos. Methods A total of 1,099 two-cell embryos collected from imprinting control region mice were cultured in SF-VCM with 10% and 20% human follicular fluid (hFF), serum substitute supplement (SSS), and serum protein substitute (SPS). Development of embryos was observed every 24 hours. Results between different groups were analyzed by chi-square test, and considered statistically significant when P-value was less than 0.05. Results The rates of embryonic development cultured in SF-VCM supplemented with serum substituents were significantly higher compare with serum-free group (P < 0.05). The rates of embryonic development after 48 hours (morula≤) and 96 hours (blastocyst≤) were significantly higher in 20% SSS and 10% SPS than in 20% hFF supplementation (P < 0.05). And the rates of embryonic development after 96 hours (hatching blastocyst≤) were significantly higher in 10% SPS (94.5%) than in 20% SSS (82.6%) and 20% hFF supplementation (68.5%). The rates of embryonic development according to storage period of the SF-VCM supplemented with 10% SPS showed no significant difference between control, 2 weeks and 4 weeks group. However developmental rate in 6 weeks storage group was significantly lower than other groups. Conclusion The rate of embryonic development after 96 hours (hatching blastocyst≤) was significantly higher in SF-VCM supplemented with 10% SPS. And storage period of media up to 4 weeks did not affect on embryonic development.
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Evidence-based medicine and its application in clinical preimplantation embryology. Reprod Biomed Online 2013; 27:547-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Simon A, Laufer N. Assessment and treatment of repeated implantation failure (RIF). J Assist Reprod Genet 2012; 29:1227-39. [PMID: 22976427 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-012-9861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is determined when embryos of good quality fail to implant following several in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycles. Implantation failure is related to either maternal factors or embryonic causes. Maternal factors include uterine anatomic abnormalities, thrombophilia, non-receptive endometrium and immunological factors. Failure of implantation due to embryonic causes is associated with either genetic abnormalities or other factors intrinsic to the embryo that impair its ability to develop in utero, to hatch and to implant. New methods of time-lapse imaging of embryos and assessment of their metabolic functions may improve selection of embryos for transfer, and subsequent outcomes for IVF patients, as well as for those diagnosed with RIF. This review discusses the various causes associated with RIF and addresses appropriate treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, In Vitro Fertilization Unit, Ein Kerem, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
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Abstract
During the 1970s, domestic animal biotechnology, i.e., embryo transfer in farm animals, was confronted with the problem of embryonic developmental arrest observed in vitro, especially during the cycle in which maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) cycle takes place. In farm animals, obtaining blastocysts is mandatory, as transfer at earlier stages results in expulsion of the embryo from the vagina. In humans, the first attempts to obtain blastocysts with classical culture media were disappointing, and the use of a coculture strategy was naturally tempting: the first significant results of successful blastocyst development were obtained in the early 1980s, using trophoblastic tissue as a feeder layer in order to mimic an autocrine embryotrophic system. The next supporting cell systems were based on oviduct epithelial cells and uterine cells in order to achieve a paracrine effect. Non-hormone dependence was then demonstrated with the use of prepubertal cells, and finally with the use of established cell lines of nongenital origin (African Green Monkey Kidney, Vero cells). The embryotrophic properties are linked to features of "transport epithelia." Vero cells have been extensively used in human ART, and most of our knowledge about the human blastocyst was gathered with the use of this technology. Coculture is still in current use, but with systems that employ autologous uterine cells. Results following the use of this technology in human ART are superior to those observed with the use of sequential media. The benefit is linked to the release of free radical scavengers and growth factors by the feeder cells. In animal biotechnology, an important part of the "precious embryos," i.e., those resulting from cloning technology, involves coculture with buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells or Vero cells.
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Autologous embryo–cumulus cells co-culture and blastocyst transfer in repeated implantation failures: a collaborative prospective randomized study. ZYGOTE 2011; 20:173-80. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199411000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIn repeated implantation failure, the co-culture of human embryos with somatic cells has been reported to promote the improvement of embryos quality, implantation and pregnancy rate. It was reported that feeder cells can be more beneficial to the oocyte and embryo by detoxifying the culture medium and supporting embryo development via different pathways. In this study, 432 patients, each with a minimum of three repeated implantation failures, were accepted for a prospective randomized study with or without autologous cumulus cell embryo co-culture and transfer at day 3 or day 5–6. We also investigated the expression of leukaemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and platelet activating factor receptor (PAF-R) on day 3 confluent cumulus cells. The statistic analysis of the data showed significant difference of implantation and clinical pregnancy rates between classical culture and day 3 compared with co-culture and day 5–6 transfer. The molecular analysis showed that cumulus cells express the LIF and the PAF-R genes and confirmed the possible positive role of growth factors and cytokines in early embryo development. Embryo co-culture systems with autologous cells can be beneficial in routine in vitro fertilization for embryo selection and implantation improvement. More molecular investigations need to be done to improve elucidation of the complex dialogue between the embryo and feeder cells prior to implantation and to understand the involved biological function and molecular process during embryo development.
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Sanmee U, Piromlertamorn W, Vutyavanich T. Effect of co-culturing of half-destroyed and intact 4-cell mouse embryos in varying ratios on subsequent in vitro development. Theriogenology 2011; 75:1682-7. [PMID: 21356553 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We studied the co-culturing effect of intact and half-destroyed 4-cell mouse embryos on blastocyst formation rate and cell counts. A laser beam was used to produce a hole and destroy an adjacent blastomere in two opposite areas of the zona in the experimental group (n = 342), and to open two opposite zonal holes in the controls (n = 318). Control and half-destroyed embryos were cultured together in varying ratios of 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 0:10 (group 1-5, respectively) for 48 h in 10 μl drops of cleavage medium. They were then separated and cultured in blastocyst medium for 24 h. The results showed that half-destroyed embryos had no effect on the blastulation rates of controls (97-100%, P = 0.28). Neither was there a difference in the number of ICM (27.3 ± 6.7, 29.4 ± 9.9, 27.7 ± 9.3, 26.5 ± 6.4, in group 1-4, respectively; P = 0.491), TE (47.7 ± 18.6, 52.3 ± 13.9, 48.4 ± 19.2, 57.3 ± 12.9, in group 1-4, respectively; P = 0.101), nor total cells (75.0 ± 19.5, 81.3 ± 17.1, 76.1 ± 19.6, 83.7 ± 16.2, in group 1-4, respectively; P = 0.188) in the resulting blastocysts. However, among half-destroyed embryos, cleavage arrest decreased (58.3%, 39.6%, 17.9%, and 8.3%, in group 5 to 2, respectively; P < 0.001) and blastocyst development increased (38.3%, 58.2%, 72.6%, and 88.9%, in group 5 to 2, respectively; P < 0.001) following co-culturing with intact controls. These embryos had a higher number of ICM cells (P = 0.035), but no significant changes in TE (P = 0.262) and total cell counts (P = 0.065). The findings indicate that the co-culturing of half-destroyed with intact embryos increased the blastulation rate of the first but had no effect on the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Sanmee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Antioxidants rescue stressed embryos at a rate comparable with co-culturing of embryos with human umbilical cord mesenchymal cells. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:343-9. [PMID: 21207131 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-010-9529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE During laboratory manipulations, oocytes and embryos are inevitably exposed to suboptimal conditions that interfere with the normal development of embryos. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we examined the effects of antioxidants, feeder cells and a conditioned medium on embryo development and cleavage rate following exposure of the embryos to suboptimal conditions. We exposed mouse two-cell embryos to visible light and divided them into four groups: control (E-ctr), co-culture (Co-c), conditioned medium (Cndm) and antioxidant-plus medium (Aopm). We used human umbilical cord matrix-derived mesenchymal cells for co-culture. A group of embryos was not exposed to visible light and served as the non-exposed control (NE-ctr) group. RESULTS The developmental rate was higher in NE-ctr embryos than in the E-ctr group. Exposed embryos in the various groups showed a comparable developmental rate at different stages. Blastomere number significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the Co-c and Aopm groups compared with the E-ctr and Cndm groups. No significant difference was observed between the Co-c and Aopm groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that in suboptimal conditions, antioxidants could improve the embryo cleavage rate in the same way as feeder cells. Antioxidants probably improve embryo quality through their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species.
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Hasegawa K, Pomeroy JE, Pera MF. Current technology for the derivation of pluripotent stem cell lines from human embryos. Cell Stem Cell 2010; 6:521-31. [PMID: 20569689 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Technology for the derivation, propagation, and characterization of pluripotent stem cell lines from the human embryo has undergone considerable refinement and improvement since the first published description of human embryonic stem cells in 1998. In particular, there has been extensive effort to optimize protocols and develop defined culture systems with a view toward future clinical applications of embryonic stem cell-derived products. Here, we review the current status of methodology for human embryonic stem cell derivation and culture, and we highlight the challenges that remain for workers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Hasegawa
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Vajta G, Rienzi L, Cobo A, Yovich J. Embryo culture: can we perform better than nature? Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 20:453-69. [PMID: 20202911 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Culture of preimplantation-stage embryos has always been a key element of laboratory embryology and has contributed substantially to the success of many assisted reproduction procedures. During the past decade, its importance has increased as extended in-vitro embryo culture and single blastocyst transfer have become indispensable parts of the approach to decreasing the chance of multiple pregnancy while preserving the overall efficiency of the treatment. However, in spite of the scientific and commercial challenge stimulating research worldwide to optimize embryo culture conditions, a consensus is missing even in the basic principles, including composition and exchange of media, the required physical and biological environment and even the temperature of incubation. This review attempts to summarize the controversies, demonstrate the fragility of some widely accepted dogmas and generate an open-minded debate towards rapid and efficient optimization. New approaches expanding the traditional frames of mammalian embryo culture are also discussed. Although some researchers suppose that the efficiency of the presently applied in-vitro culture systems have already approached the biological limits, authors are confident that substantial improvement may be achieved that may expand considerably the possibilities of future assisted reproduction in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Vajta
- Cairns Fertility Centre, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia.
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Nematollahi-mahani SN, Nematollahi-mahani A, Moshkdanian G, Shahidzadehyazdi Z, Labibi F. The role of co-culture systems on developmental competence of preimplantation mouse embryos against pH fluctuations. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26:597-604. [PMID: 19937465 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-009-9363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of pH fluctuations of culture media, and the role of co-culture systems on embryo development. METHODS Mouse embryos were incubated in phosphate buffered solutions (PBSs) with different pH for various lengths of time. After 3 h incubation of embryos at various pH, the embryos were transferred into four media with human (HEF) and mouse (MEF) embryonic fibroblast cells, and without feeder cells; HTF and MEM-alpha. Developmental rate at day three (morula), four (expanded blastocyst) and five (hatching or hatched blastocyst) was evaluated. RESULTS Developmental rate at day three, four and five decreased when the incubation time at pH 6.2 and 8 increased to 3 h and more. In addition, significantly less embryos incubated at pH 6.2 and 8 developed to hatching and hatched blastocysts compared with pH 7.35. Embryos incubated at pH 6.2, co-cultured with MEF or HEF showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) at day three in HEF compared to HTF, and at day five in MEF compared to HTF. At pH 8, a significant improvement (P < 0.05) was observed at day five in HEF and MEF compared to MEM-alpha. CONCLUSIONS Mouse 2-cell embryos could tolerate minor pH fluctuations, but that major pH changes affect subsequent development. Besides, feeder cells could improve embryo development, especially when embryos are prone to rise or fall in pH.
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2009; 21:296-300. [PMID: 19458522 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0b013e32832c972c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This bibliography is compiled by clinicians from the journals listed at the end of this publication. It is based on literature entered into our database between 1 February 2008 and 31 January 2009 (articles are generally added to the database about two and a half months after publication). In addition, the bibliography contains every paper annotated by reviewers; these references were obtained from a variety of bibliographic databases and published between the beginning of the review period and the time of going to press. The bibliography has been grouped into topics that relate to the reviews in this issue.
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Human fallopian tube: a new source of multipotent adult mesenchymal stem cells discarded in surgical procedures. J Transl Med 2009; 7:46. [PMID: 19538712 PMCID: PMC2714040 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-7-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The possibility of using stem cells for regenerative medicine has opened a new field of investigation. The search for sources to obtain multipotent stem cells from discarded tissues or through non-invasive procedures is of great interest. It has been shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from umbilical cords, dental pulp and adipose tissue, which are all biological discards, are able to differentiate into muscle, fat, bone and cartilage cell lineages. The aim of this study was to isolate, expand, characterize and assess the differentiation potential of MSCs from human fallopian tubes (hFTs). Methods Lineages of hFTs were expanded, had their karyotype analyzed, were characterized by flow cytometry and underwent in vitro adipogenic, chondrogenic, osteogenic, and myogenic differentiation. Results Here we show for the first time that hFTs, which are discarded after some gynecological procedures, are a rich additional source of MSCs, which we designated as human tube MSCs (htMSCs). Conclusion Human tube MSCs can be easily isolated, expanded in vitro, present a mesenchymal profile and are able to differentiate into muscle, fat, cartilage and bone in vitro.
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The use of coculture in assisted reproductive technology: does it have any impact? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2009; 21:253-9. [DOI: 10.1097/gco.0b013e32832a17a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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