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Wang XY, Gao Y, Liu HR, Wang T, Feng ML, Xue FR, Ding K, Yang Q, Jiang ZY, Sun D, Song CR, Zhang XJ, Liang CG. C-Phycocyanin improves the quality of goat oocytes after in vitro maturation and vitrification. Theriogenology 2024; 222:66-79. [PMID: 38626583 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
In vitro maturation (IVM) and cryopreservation of goat oocytes are important for establishing a valuable genetic bank for domesticated female animals and improving livestock reproductive efficiency. C-Phycocyanin (PC) is a Spirulina extract with antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and radical scavenging properties. However, whether PC has positive effect on goat oocytes IVM or developmental competence after vitrification is still unknown. In this study, we found that first polar body extrusion (n = 293), cumulus expansion index (n = 269), and parthenogenetic blastocyst formation (n = 281) were facilitated by adding 30 μg/mL PC to the oocyte maturation medium when compared with the control groups and that supplemented with 3, 10, 100 or 300 μg/mL PC (P < 0.05). Although PC supplementation did not affect spindle formation or chromosome alignment (n = 115), it facilitated or improved cortical granules migration (n = 46, P < 0.05), mitochondria distribution (n = 39, P < 0.05), and mitochondrial membrane potential (n = 46, P < 10-4). Meanwhile, supplementation with 30 μg/mL PC in the maturation medium could significantly inhibit the reactive oxygen species accumulation (n = 65, P < 10-4), and cell apoptosis (n = 42, P < 0.05). In addition, PC increased the oocyte mRNA levels of GPX4 (P < 0.01), and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of BAX (P < 0.01). Next, we investigated the effect of PC supplementation in the vitrification solution on oocyte cryopreservation. When compared with the those equilibrate in the vitrification solution without PC, recovered oocytes in the 30 μg/mL PC group showed higher ratios of normal morphology (n = 85, P < 0.05), survival (n = 85, P < 0.05), first polar body extrusion (n = 62, P < 0.05), and parthenogenetic blastocyst formation (n = 107, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, PC supplementation of the vitrification solution increased oocyte mitochondrial membrane potential (n = 53, P < 0.05), decreased the reactive oxygen species accumulation (n = 73, P < 0.05), promoted mitochondria distribution (n = 58, P < 0.05), and inhibited apoptosis (n = 46, P < 10-3). Collectively, our findings suggest that PC improves goat oocyte IVM and vitrification by reducing oxidative stress and early apoptosis, which providing a novel strategy for livestock gamete preservation and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Hao-Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Teng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Meng-Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Fang-Rui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Kang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Zhao-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Dui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Chun-Ru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Cheng-Guang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China.
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Recovery of spindle morphology and mitochondrial function through extended culture after vitrification-warming of bovine oocytes. Theriogenology 2022; 189:192-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Porcu E, Cipriani L, Dirodi M, De Iaco P, Perrone AM, Zinzani PL, Taffurelli M, Zamagni C, Ciotti PM, Notarangelo L, Calza N, Damiano G. Successful Pregnancies, Births, and Child Development Following Oocyte Cryostorage in Female Cancer Patients During 25 Years of Fertility Preservation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061429. [PMID: 35326578 PMCID: PMC8946047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The study goal is to demonstrate that oocyte cryopreservation is a feasible and efficient option for fertility preservation in cancer patients through the comparison of in vitro fertilization treatments in nononcological patients. Abstract The preservation of fertility in cancer patients is a crucial aspect of modern reproductive medicine. Amenorrhea and infertility often occur after cancer therapy, worsening the quality of life. Cryopreservation of oocytes in young cancer patients is a therapeutic option for preserving fertility. A prospective study was conducted on 508 cancer patients who underwent oocyte cryopreservation to preserve fertility between 1996 and 2021 including the COVID-19 pandemic period. Patients underwent ovarian stimulation, followed by egg retrieval, and oocytes were cryopreserved by slow freezing or vitrification. Sixty-four thawing/warming cycles were performed. Survival, fertilization, pregnancy, and birth rate over the thawing/warming cycles were obtained. The data were compared with those from a group of 1042 nononcological patients who cryopreserved supernumerary oocytes. An average of 8.8 ± 6.9 oocytes were retrieved per cycle, and 6.1 ± 4.2 oocytes were cryopreserved. With their own stored oocytes, 44 patients returned to attempt pregnancy. From a total of 194 thawed/warmed oocytes, 157 survived (80%). In total, 100 embryos were transferred in 57 transfer/cycles, and 18 pregnancies were achieved. The pregnancy rate per transfer and pregnancy rate per patient were 31% and 41%, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between oncological patients and nononcological patients. A total of 15 babies were born from oncological patients. Children born showed normal growth and development. One minor malformation was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Porcu
- Infertility and IVF Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.C.); (M.D.); (P.M.C.); (L.N.); (N.C.); (G.D.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0512144364
| | - Linda Cipriani
- Infertility and IVF Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.C.); (M.D.); (P.M.C.); (L.N.); (N.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Maria Dirodi
- Infertility and IVF Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.C.); (M.D.); (P.M.C.); (L.N.); (N.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Division of Oncologic Gynecology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (P.D.I.); (A.M.P.)
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche (CSR), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Division of Oncologic Gynecology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (P.D.I.); (A.M.P.)
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche (CSR), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- Institute of Haematology “Seragnoli”, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Mario Taffurelli
- Breast Unit, Department of Woman and Child, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudio Zamagni
- “Addari” Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Maria Ciotti
- Infertility and IVF Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.C.); (M.D.); (P.M.C.); (L.N.); (N.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Leonardo Notarangelo
- Infertility and IVF Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.C.); (M.D.); (P.M.C.); (L.N.); (N.C.); (G.D.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nilla Calza
- Infertility and IVF Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.C.); (M.D.); (P.M.C.); (L.N.); (N.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Damiano
- Infertility and IVF Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.C.); (M.D.); (P.M.C.); (L.N.); (N.C.); (G.D.)
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Chang CC, Shapiro DB, Nagy ZP. The effects of vitrification on oocyte quality. Biol Reprod 2021; 106:316-327. [PMID: 34962575 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitrification, is an ultra-rapid, manual cooling process that produces glass-like (ice crystal free) solidification. Water is prevented from forming intercellular and intracellular ice crystals during cooling as a result of oocyte dehydration and the use of highly concentrated cryoprotectant. Though oocytes can be cryopreserved without ice crystal formation through vitrification, it is still not clear whether the process of vitrification causes any negative impact (temperature change/chilling effect, osmotic stress, cryoprotectant toxicity, and/or phase transitions) on oocyte quality that translate to diminished embryo developmental potential or subsequent clinical outcomes. In this review, we attempt to assess the technique's potential effects and the consequence of these effects on outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chien Chang
- Reproductive Biology Associates, 1100 Johnson Ferry Rd., Ste200, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Daniel B Shapiro
- Reproductive Biology Associates, 1100 Johnson Ferry Rd., Ste200, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Zsolt Peter Nagy
- Reproductive Biology Associates, 1100 Johnson Ferry Rd., Ste200, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
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Highly successful production of viable mice derived from vitrified germinal vesicle oocytes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248050. [PMID: 33705447 PMCID: PMC7951897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The vitrification of immature germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes is an important way to preserve genetic resources and female fertility. However, it is well known that cryopreserved GV oocytes have very poor developmental ability and that further improvement in this technique is needed. We previously reported the successful vitrification of matured mouse oocytes with enclosed cumulus cells using the calcium-free vitrification solution supplemented with ethylene glycol (EG) by the minimal volume cooling (MVC) method. In this study, we investigated whether our method is applicable to the vitrification of mouse oocytes at the GV stage (GV oocytes). Following maturation and fertilization in vitro, vitrified GV oocytes showed high survival (94.3 ± 2.0%) and maturation (94.3 ± 2.1%) rates. Although the fertilization and blastocyst rates of vitrified oocytes (fertilization: 46.6 ± 4.9% and blastocyst: 46.6 ± 3.0%) were significantly lower than those of fresh oocytes (fertilization: 73.0 ± 7.1% and blastocyst: 71.6 ± 8.0%) (P < 0.01), there were no differences in the ability to develop to term between fresh oocytes (50.0 ± 8.4%) and vitrified oocytes (37.5 ± 4.6%) (P > 0.05). In conclusion, we here show, for the first time, the efficient production of live mice derived from vitrified GV oocytes.
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Serra E, Gadau SD, Berlinguer F, Naitana S, Succu S. Morphological features and microtubular changes in vitrified ovine oocytes. Theriogenology 2019; 148:216-224. [PMID: 31735434 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cryobanking of oocytes collected from prepubertal donors may supply a virtually unlimited number of female gametes for both basic research and commercial applications. Prepubertal oocytes show some structural and functional limitations compared to the adult ones that may impair their ability to recover damages from cryopreservation. In oocytes, the meiotic spindle is acutely sensitive to temperature deviation, but capable of regeneration following cryopreservation. In the present work, we studied the effects of vitrification and post-warming incubation on the microtubular cytoskeleton and the tubulin post-translational modifications (tyrosination and acetylation) in prepubertal and adult oocytes. Obtained results showed that prepubertal oocytes are more affected by vitrification-induced injuries than adult ones. In fact, prepubertal oocytes showed more severe alterations of the meiotic spindle conformation and a higher percentage of parthenogenetic activation compared to adult ones. Moreover, in the adult oocytes the equilibrium between tyrosinated and acetylated α-tubulin was restored after 4 h of post-warming incubation. Diversely, in prepubertal oocytes the imbalance between tyrosinated and acetylated α-tubulin was increased during post-warming incubation. Our study shows that prepubertal oocytes react differently to the insults provoked by vitrification compared to adult oocytes, showing an impaired ability to recover from vitrification-induced injuries. In the evaluation of oocyte ability to recover from vitrification-induced injuries, tubulin post-translational modifications represent an important indicator for assessing oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Serra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Sara Succu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy
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Lew R, Foo J, Kroon B, Boothroyd C, Chapman M. ANZSREI consensus statement on elective oocyte cryopreservation. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2019; 59:616-626. [PMID: 31332788 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One in six Australian women and couples suffer infertility. A rising proportion relates to advanced maternal age, associated with poorer oocyte quality and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) outcomes. Internationally, oocyte cryopreservation technology applied to oocytes vitrified before 35 years provides similar live-birth statistics compared to IVF treatment using fresh oocytes. Oocyte cryopreservation is accessible in Australasian settings and elective uptake is increasing. For women accessing treatment, oocyte cryopreservation may expand future family building options. AIMS To develop the first Australasian Certification in Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (CREI) subspecialist-led consensus guideline on oocyte cryopreservation. METHODS The ANZSREI ACCEPT (Australasian CREI Consensus Expert Panel on Trial evidence group) met in 2017 and 2018 and identified clinical aspects of care for inclusion and review. Review of the available evidence was conducted and consensus statements prepared. Areas of dissent of expert opinion and for further research were noted. RESULTS Consensus was reached on definition and best practice in oocyte cryopreservation for freeze method, controlled ovarian stimulation, medical risk reduction and treatment and outcomes counselling. The term 'social egg freezing' may marginalise, stigmatise or attribute social blame to women, and there is a need to revise this to a neutral and non-judgemental term such as elective or planned oocyte cryopreservation. CONCLUSION Oocyte cryopreservation has the potential to improve cumulative live birth outcomes for women. Implementation of this guideline should facilitate an optimal approach for providing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raelia Lew
- Royal Women's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australia and New Zealand Society of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jinny Foo
- Australia and New Zealand Society of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ben Kroon
- Australia and New Zealand Society of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Sydney, Australia
| | - Clare Boothroyd
- Australia and New Zealand Society of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Chapman
- Australia and New Zealand Society of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Sydney, Australia
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Appeltant R, Somfai T, Kikuchi K. Faster, cheaper, defined and efficient vitrification for immature porcine oocytes through modification of exposure time, macromolecule source and temperature. Cryobiology 2018; 85:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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SONOWAL J, BARUA PM, BORAH P, DAS A, DEURI NK, DUTTA DJ, SHARMA RK, CHOUDHURY MD, KALITA DJ. Effect of antioxidant on in-vitro maturation of vitrified bovine oocytes. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v87i12.79828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of -tocopherol on in-vitro maturation of vitrified bovine oocytes. The cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) recovered from follicles (3–5 mm diameter) by aspiration and slicing techniques were equally divided into 5 (five) groups consisting 66 COCs in each. The vitrified bovine oocytes were sub-grouped into control and treatment group. The vitrified- and non-vitrified- control group of oocytes were in-vitro matured in TCM-199 media without supplementation of vitamin E. In three vitrified treatment groups, the oocytes were in-vitro cultured in TCM-199 media supplemented with vitamin E (-tocopherol) @ 50 μM, 100 μM and 200 μM, respectively. The mean percentage of cumulus cell expansion and polar body formation in non-vitrified control and vitrified control groups were 85.18±2.57 and 65.38±1.83, and 51.67±1.94 and 30.26±0.16, respectively. The rate of cumulus cell expansion and polar body formation in the oocytes of three vitrified treatment groups media supplemented with vitamin E @ 50 μM, 100 μM and 200 μM were 56.39±3.49 and 34.62±1.83, 69.95±3.20 and 56.23±1.61, and 54.44±4.73 and 31.62±4.50% respectively. Mean percentage of both cumulus cell expansion and polar body formation in the non-vitrified control group were significantly higher than that in the vitrified control group. In the treatment group supplemented with vitamin E @ 100 μM, both cumulus cells expansion and polar body formation were significantly higher than that in media supplemented with 50 μM and 200 μM vitamin E as well as in vitrified control group.
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10
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A recovery time after warming restores mitochondrial function and improves developmental competence of vitrified ovine oocytes. Theriogenology 2018; 110:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Saumet J, Petropanagos A, Buzaglo K, McMahon E, Warraich G, Mahutte N. No 356-Congélation d'ovules pour pallier le déclin de la fertilité lié à l'âge. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2018; 40:369-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Oocyte vitrification for elective fertility preservation: the past, present, and future. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2017; 29:59-63. [PMID: 27922944 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Oocyte cryopreservation is no longer experimental and one of its rapidly growing indications is elective fertility preservation. Currently there is no sufficient evidence to support its practice and therefore its place in IVF remains uncertain. RECENT FINDINGS Vitrification has superior post-thaw survival and fertilization outcomes compared with oocytes that were frozen with the slow-freeze technique. Oocyte vitrification produces similar IVF outcomes compared with fresh oocytes and is not associated with further obstetrical or perinatal morbidity. Undergoing elective oocyte cryopreservation between ages 35 and 37 will optimize live birth rates as well as cost effectiveness from mathematical models. SUMMARY In women who delay child bearing, elective oocyte cryopreservation in the mid 30s may be beneficial in terms of live birth rates and cost effectiveness. Prospective studies of women who have undergone oocyte cryopreservation and are now attempting conception are needed before official recommendations can be made regarding elective egg freezing.
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Saumet J, Petropanagos A, Buzaglo K, McMahon E, Warraich G, Mahutte N. No. 356-Egg Freezing for Age-Related Fertility Decline. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2017; 40:356-368. [PMID: 29223749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a comprehensive review and evidence based recommendations for Canadian fertility centres that offer social egg freezing. OUTCOMES In social egg freezing cycles we evaluated thawed oocyte survival rates, fertilization rates, embryo quality, pregnancy rates, and live birth rates. We also review how these outcomes are impacted by age, ovarian reserve, and the number of eggs cryopreserved. Finally, we discuss the risks of social egg freezing, the alternatives, the critical elements for counselling and informed consent, and future reporting of egg freezing outcome data. EVIDENCE Published literature was reviewed through searches of MEDLINE and CINAHL using appropriate vocabulary and using key words ("oocyte cryopreservation," "egg freezing," "egg vitrification," "social egg freezing," and "elective egg freezing"). Results included systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. Expert opinion based on clinical experience, descriptive studies, or reports of expert committees was also included to discuss aspects of egg freezing not currently rigorously studied. VALUES The evidence obtained was reviewed and evaluated by the Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) Committees of the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society (CFAS) under the leadership of the principal authors. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS Implementation of this guideline should assist the clinician to develop an optimal approach in providing counselling for egg freezing while minimizing harm and improving patient outcomes during treatment. VALIDATION These guidelines have been reviewed and approved by the membership of the CFAS and by the CPG Committees of CFAS and The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC). SPONSORS CFAS and SOGC. RECOMMENDATIONS
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Saumet
- ART Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montréal, QC
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Quan G, Wu G, Hong Q. Oocyte Cryopreservation Based in Sheep: The Current Status and Future Perspective. Biopreserv Biobank 2017; 15:535-547. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2017.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guobo Quan
- Department of Herbivore Science, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guoquan Wu
- Department of Herbivore Science, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qionghua Hong
- Department of Herbivore Science, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Banker M, Kotdawala A, Gupta R. The Impact of Vitrification in Artificial Reproductive Technology Programmes. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10312686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is an integral part of the current methods of assisted reproductive technology (ART). In the past two decades, slow freezing has been replaced worldwide by vitrification due to its association with improved survival rates and clinical outcomes comparable to fresh embryo transfers. Successful embryo vitrification programmes have led to a significant reduction in the incidences of two major complications of ART: ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple gestations. Multiple embryo transfer cycles from the single ovum aspiration cycle have had a cumulative effect on the numbers of live births. Oocyte vitrification has also helped women to delay their pregnancies for medical or social reasons. This has made oocyte banking a viable option for better synchronisation of oocyte donation programmes. The emerging field of ovarian tissue vitrification has made fertility preservation possible for women undergoing gonadotoxic therapy. In this review, we have discussed the basic principles and methodology of slow freezing and vitrification along with its need and impact on ART.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reena Gupta
- Nova IVI Fertility, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, India
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De Munck N, Vajta G. Safety and efficiency of oocyte vitrification. Cryobiology 2017; 78:119-127. [PMID: 28774548 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As the oocyte is the starting point for a new life, artificial reproductive technology (ART) techniques should not affect the (ultra) structural and functional integrity, or the developmental competence. Oocyte vitrification -one of the most significant achievements in human ART during the past decade- should therefore be a safe and efficient technique. This review discusses the principles and developments of the existing and future techniques, applications possibilities and safety concerns. The broad range of vitrification media and devices that are currently available, show differences in their effects on the oocyte ultrastructure and preimplantation development. It is not yet fully decided whether this has an influence on the obstetric and neonatal outcome, since only limited information is available with different media and devices. For autologous oocytes, the obstetric and neonatal outcomes appear promising and comparable to pregnancies obtained with fresh oocytes. This however, is not the case for heterologous fresh or vitrified oocytes, where the immunological foreign foetus induces adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Besides the oocyte vitrification process itself, the effect of multiple stimulations (for oocyte banking or for oocyte donors), seems to influence the possibility to develop gynaecological cancers further in life. Automated vitrification/warming should offer a consistent, cross-contamination free process that offers the highest safety level for the users. They should also produce more consistent results in survival, development and clinical pregnancies between different IVF clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelke De Munck
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Centrum voor Reproductieve Geneeskunde, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Gábor Vajta
- Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, North Rockhampton QLD 4702, Australia
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Trapphoff T, Heiligentag M, Simon J, Staubach N, Seidel T, Otte K, Fröhlich T, Arnold GJ, Eichenlaub-Ritter U. Improved cryotolerance and developmental potential of in vitro and in vivo matured mouse oocytes by supplementing with a glutathione donor prior to vitrification. Mol Hum Reprod 2016; 22:867-881. [PMID: 27604460 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaw059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can supplementation of media with a glutathione (GSH) donor, glutathione ethyl ester (GEE), prior to vitrification protect the mouse oocyte from oxidative damage and critical changes in redox homeostasis, and thereby improve cryotolerance? SUMMARY ANSWER GEE supplementation supported redox regulation, rapid recovery of spindle and chromosome alignment after vitrification/warming and improved preimplantation development of mouse metaphase II (MII) oocytes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Cryopreservation may affect mitochondrial functionality, induce oxidative stress, and thereby affect spindle integrity, chromosome segregation and the quality of mammalian oocytes. GEE is a membrane permeable GSH donor that promoted fertilization and early embryonic development of macaque and bovine oocytes after IVM. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Two experimental groups consisted of (i) denuded mouse germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes that were matured in vitro in the presence or absence of 1 mM GEE (IVM group 1) and (ii) in vivo ovulated (IVO) MII oocytes that were isolated from the ampullae and exposed to 1 mM GEE for 1 h prior to vitrification (IVO group 2). Recovery of oocytes from both groups was followed after CryoTop vitrification/warming for up to 2 h and parthenogenetic activation. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Reactive oxygen species (ROS), spindle morphology and chromosome alignment were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and polarization microscopy in control and GEE-supplemented MII oocytes. The relative overall intra-oocyte GSH content was assessed by analysis of monochlorobimane (MBC)-GSH adduct fluorescence in IVM MII oocytes. The GSH-dependent intra-mitochondrial redox potential (EmGSH) of IVM MII oocytes was determined after microinjection with specific mRNA at the GV stage to express a redox-sensitive probe within mitochondria (mito-Grx1-roGFP2). The absolute negative redox capacity (in millivolts) was determined by analysis of fluorescence of the oxidized versus the reduced form of sensor by CLSM and quantification according to Nernst equation. Proteome analysis was performed by quantitative 2D saturation gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE). Since microinjection and expression of redox sensor mRNA required removal of cumulus cells, and IVM of denuded mouse oocytes in group 1 induces zona hardening, the development to blastocysts was not assessed after IVF but instead after parthenogenetic activation of vitrified/warmed MII oocytes from both experimental groups. MAIN RESULTS AND ROLE OF CHANCE IVM of denuded mouse oocytes in the presence of 1 mM GEE significantly increased intra-oocyte GSH content. ROS was not increased by CryoTop vitrification but was significantly lower in the IVM GEE group compared to IVM without GEE before vitrification and after recovery from vitrification/warming (P < 0.001). Vitrification alone significantly increased the GSH-dependent intra-mitochondrial redox capacity after warming (EmGSH, P < 0.001) in IVM oocytes, presumably by diffusion/uptake of cytoplasmic GSH into mitochondria. The presence of 1 mM GEE during IVM increased the redox capacity before vitrification and there was no further increase after vitrification/warming. None of the reproducibly detected 1492 spots of 2D DIGE separated proteins were significantly altered by vitrification or GEE supplementation. However, IVM of denuded oocytes significantly affected spindle integrity and chromosome alignment right after warming from vitrification (0 h) in group 1 and spindle integrity in group 2 (P < 0.05). GEE improved recovery in IVM group as numbers of oocytes with unaligned chromosomes and aberrant spindles was not significantly increased compared to unvitrified controls. The supplementation with GEE for 1 h before vitrification also supported more rapid recovery of spindle birefringence. GEE improved significantly development to the 2-cell stage for MII oocytes that were activated directly after vitrification/warming in both experimental groups, and also the blastocyst rate in the IVO GEE-supplemented group compared to the controls (P < 0.05). LARGE SCALE DATA None LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The studies were carried out in a mouse model, in IVM denuded rather than cumulus-enclosed oocytes, and in activated rather than IVF MII oocytes. Whether the increased GSH-dependent intra-mitochondrial redox capacity also improves male pronuclear formation needs to be studied further experimentally. The influence of GEE supplementation requires also further examination and optimization in human oocytes before it can be considered for clinical ART. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Although GEE supplementation did not alter the proteome at MII, the GSH donor may support cellular homeostasis and redox regulation and, thus, increase developmental competence. While human MII oocyte vitrification is an established procedure, GEE might be particularly beneficial for oocytes that suffer from oxidative stress and reduced redox capacity (e.g. aged oocytes) or possess low GSH due to a reduced supply of GSH from cumulus. It might also be of relevance for immature human oocytes that develop without cumulus to MII in vitro (e.g. in ICSI cycles) for ART. STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTERESTS The study has been supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG FOR 1041; EI 199/3-2). There are no conflict of interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Trapphoff
- Institute of Gene Technology/Microbiology, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martyna Heiligentag
- Institute of Gene Technology/Microbiology, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jenny Simon
- Institute of Gene Technology/Microbiology, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Nora Staubach
- Institute of Gene Technology/Microbiology, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Seidel
- Dynamic Cell Imaging, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Kathrin Otte
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Georg J Arnold
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Swain JE, Carrell D, Cobo A, Meseguer M, Rubio C, Smith GD. Optimizing the culture environment and embryo manipulation to help maintain embryo developmental potential. Fertil Steril 2016; 105:571-587. [PMID: 26851765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With increased use of comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS), the question remains as to why some practices do not experience the same high levels of clinical success after implementation of the approach. Indeed, the debate surrounding the efficacy and usefulness of blastocyst biopsy and CCS continues. Importantly, several variables impact the success of an assisted reproductive technology cycle. Transfer of a euploid embryo is but one factor in an intricate system that requires numerous steps to occur successfully. Certainly, the culture environment and the manipulations of the embryo during its time in the laboratory can impact its reproductive potential. Environmental stressors ranging from culture media to culture conditions and even culture platform can impact biochemical, metabolic, and epigenetic patterns that can affect the developing cell independent of chromosome number. Furthermore, accompanying procedures, such as biopsy and vitrification, are complex and, when performed improperly, can negatively impact embryo quality. These are areas that likely still carry room for improvement within the IVF laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doug Carrell
- Department of Surgery (Urology) and Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ana Cobo
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Gary D Smith
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ob/Gyn, Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Abedpour N, Rajaei F. Vitrification by Cryotop and the Maturation, Fertilization, and Developmental Rates of Mouse Oocytes. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e18172. [PMID: 26568845 PMCID: PMC4636753 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.18172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Oocyte cryopreservation is an important part of modern fertility treatment. The effect of vitrification on the fertilization and developmental rates of embryo is still a matter of debate. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitrification on the success of mouse oocyte maturation, fertilization, and preimplantation development in vitro. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a total of 200 germinal vesicle (GV) and 200 metaphase II (MII) oocytes were obtained from ovaries and fallopian tubes of NMRI mice, respectively and divided into two control and experimental (vitrified) groups. Oocytes in the experimental group were vitrified by Cryotop using vitrification medium (Origio, Denmark) and kept in liquid nitrogen for one month. Then, they were cultured in maturation medium for 24 hours. In vitro maturated metaphase 2 (IVM-MII) and ovulated metaphase 2 (OV-MII) oocytes were inseminated and the fertilized embryos assessed until the hatching blastocyst stage. Outcomes were assessed for statistical significance by Chi-square test using SPSS software. Results: Vitrification caused a significant reduction in the maturation rate of oocytes. Of those that matured, the fertilization rate of vitrified IVM-MII (44.1%) and OV-MII oocytes (50%) was not significantly different from each other but both were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in developmental rates of both vitrified groups and the control group. Conclusions: The present study showed that vitrification using Cryotop and freezing medium can damage oocytes by reducing the maturation and fertilization rates in both developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Abedpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IR Iran
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IR Iran
- Fertility and Infertility Research Centre, Kosar Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Farzad Rajaei, Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2833336001, Fax: +98-2833324970, E-mail:
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Abstract
High levels of penetrating cryoprotectants (CPAs) can eliminate ice formation during cryopreservation of cells, tissues, and organs to cryogenic temperatures. But CPAs become increasingly toxic as concentration increases. Many strategies have been attempted to overcome the problem of eliminating ice while minimizing toxicity, such as attempting to optimize cooling and warming rates, or attempting to optimize time of adding individual CPAs during cooling. Because strategies currently used are not adequate, CPA toxicity remains the greatest obstacle to cryopreservation. CPA toxicity stands in the way of cryogenic cryopreservation of human organs, a procedure that has the potential to save many lives. This review attempts to describe what is known about CPA toxicity, theories of CPA toxicity, and strategies to reduce CPA toxicity. Critical analysis and suggestions are also included.
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the safety and risk of cryopreservation in female fertility preservation. Data sources: The data analyzed in this review were the English articles from 1980 to 2013 from journal databases, primarily PubMed and Google scholar. The criteria used in the literature search show as following: (1) human; embryo; cryopreservation/freezing/vitrification, (2) human; oocyte/immature oocyte; cryopreservation/ freezing/vitrification, (3) human; ovarian tissue transplantation; cryopreservation/freezing/vitrification, (4) human; aneuploidy/DNA damage/epigenetic; cryopreservation/freezing/vitrification, and (5) human; fertility preservation; maternal age. Study selection: The risk ratios based on survival rate, maturation rate, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, implantation rate, pregnancy rate, and clinical risk rate were acquired from relevant meta-analysis studies. These studies included randomized controlled trials or studies with one of the primary outcome measures covering cryopreservation of human mature oocytes, embryos, and ovarian tissues within the last 7 years (from 2006 to 2013, since the pregnancy rates of oocyte vitrification were significantly increased due to the improved techniques). The data involving immature oocyte cryopreservation obtained from individual studies was also reviewed by the authors. Results: Vitrifications of mature oocytes and embryos obtained better clinical outcomes and did not increase the risks of DNA damage, spindle configuration, embryonic aneuploidy, and genomic imprinting as compared with fresh and slow-freezing procedures, respectively. Conclusions: Both embryo and oocyte vitrifications are safe applications in female fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing 100191, China
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Shanshan G, Mei L, Keliang W, Yan S, Rong T, Zi-Jiang C. Effect of different rehydration temperatures on the survival of human vitrified-warmed oocytes. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1197-203. [PMID: 25956261 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of different exposure temperatures during the dilution process on the survival rate of vitrified oocytes and following development. METHODS Patients were divided at random into two groups for different dilution temperature (20-22 °C, RT group; 37 °C,37 °C group) according to computer-generated random numbers on the day of oocyte warming. The survival and fertilization rates of vitrified oocytes as well as the implantation and clinical pregnancy rates of the resulting embryos were recorded. RESULTS A total of 662 and 676 oocytes were warmed in the 37 °C group and RT group, respectively, and significant difference was observed in the survival rate between 37 °C group (88.37%) and RT group (79.88%) (P = 0.0000). There was significant difference between the survival rate of 37 °C group (87.27%) and RT group (75.64%) in nondonor patients (P = 0.0001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that dilution temperature (β = 0.079, P = 0.017) and clinical outcomes of fresh cycles (β = 0.063, P = 0.001) were significantly and independently associated with survival rate. No significant difference was found between the 37 °C group and RT group in: fertilization rate (66.67 versus 65.37%), implantation rate (20.0 versus 19.46%), clinical pregnancy rate (37.5 versus 35.0%). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the results of this study give supportive evidence of the application of 37 °C in the dilution process, especially for oocytes of poor quality. Further studies with well-controlled experimental groups are needed to optimize protocols for human oocyte vitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Shanshan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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23
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[Vitrification: Principles and results]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 44:485-95. [PMID: 25869444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sperm and embryos cryopreservation is a commonly applied technique for several years. Recently authorized in France, vitrification tends to replace gradually the conventional technique of slow freezing, so upsetting the practices in the management of patients. It allows from now on the cryopreservation of oocytes and opens new perspectives in egg donation either still in fertility preservation. This review thus attempted to examine the contribution of vitrification in the freezing of oocytes and human embryos at various stages of development. If obviously vitrification appears as the current method of choice for the cryopreservation of oocytes as well as blastocysts, the results are less cut as regards embryos to early stages. No increase in adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in children conceived from vitrified oocytes or embryos is noted in the literature.
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Baston-Büst DM, Krüssel JS. [Saved from infertility in maturity?]. MMW Fortschr Med 2015; 157:40-3. [PMID: 25743981 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-015-2771-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Maria Baston-Büst
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf Frauenklinik, Universitäres interdisziplinäres Kinderwunschzentrum Düsseldorf (UniKiD), Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland,
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25
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Kopeika J, Thornhill A, Khalaf Y. The effect of cryopreservation on the genome of gametes and embryos: principles of cryobiology and critical appraisal of the evidence. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 21:209-27. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmu063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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An investigation of oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers during Greenshell mussel (Perna canaliculus) oocyte cryopreservation. Theriogenology 2014; 82:779-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Arav A. Cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos. Theriogenology 2014; 81:96-102. [PMID: 24274414 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two hundred years have passed since the first description of supercooled water by Gey-Lussac to the recently high survival rates of embryo and oocytes after vitrification. This review discusses important milestones that have made vitrification the method of choice for oocytes and embryos cryopreservation. We will go through the first cells ever to survive low temperature exposure in the beginning of the last century, the finding of glycerol in the late 1940s and the first mouse and bovine embryos freezing in the 1970s. During the 1980s, embryo vitrification began and the time since is a tribute to the development of oocytes vitrification. Standardization and an automatic vitrification procedure are currently under development. The next evolutionary step in oocyte and embryo cryopreservation will be preserving them in the dry state at room temperature, allowing home storage for future use a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arav
- FertileSafe, Shlomzion Hamalca, Tel Aviv, Israel 62266.
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28
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Cryopreservation of mammalian oocytes and embryos: current problems and future perspectives. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:903-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4689-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Cheng J, Jia B, Wu T, Zhou G, Hou Y, Fu X, Zhu S. Effects of vitrification for germinal vesicle and metaphase II oocytes on subsequent centromere cohesion and chromosome aneuploidy in mice. Theriogenology 2014; 82:495-500. [PMID: 24930605 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the effect of vitrification on oocyte aneuploidy and centromere cohesion. Firstly, germinal vesicle (GV) and in vitro matured oocytes (metaphase II, MII) were vitrified by open-pulled straw method. Secondly, thawed GV oocytes were matured in vitro to detect the aneuploidy rate and the sister inter-kinetochore (iKT) distance (in situ spreading and immunofluorescent staining). The results revealed that the sister iKT distance and the aneuploidy rate in eggs matured from vitrified-thawed GV oocytes were higher than that from in vivo matured, in vitro matured, and in vitro matured frozen oocytes (0.47 ± 0.03 vs. 0.33 ± 0.01 vs. 0.33 ± 0.02 vs. 0.34 ± 0.01 μm; P < 0.01 and 22.9% vs. 6.5% vs. 5.8% vs. 11.8%; P < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, the percentage of sister chromosome pairs whose sister iKT distances were higher than 0.9 μm in eggs matured from vitrified-thawed GV oocytes (8.7%) was higher than that from in vivo matured (1.6%), in vitro matured (1.6%), and in vitro matured frozen oocytes (2.3%) (P < 0.05). The sister iKT distance was associated with centromere cohesion. To investigate whether vitrification of GV oocytes deteriorated centromere cohesion by affecting cohesin complex formation, thawed and fresh GV oocytes were used to detect the cohesin subunits (SMC1β, STAG3, SMC3, and REC8) mRNA expression (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). The relative expression of three cohesin subunits (SMC1β, STAG3, and SMC3) was significantly decreased in GV oocytes after vitrification. In conclusion, vitrification of GV oocytes may result in the subsequent deterioration of centromere cohesion and an increase in the aneuploidy rate. MII oocytes may be the ideal candidate to avoid aneuploidy for fertility cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Cheng
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Baoyu Jia
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guangbin Zhou
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (Chengdu Campus), Wenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Hou
- College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiangwei Fu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | - Shien Zhu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.
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Konc J, Kanyó K, Kriston R, Somoskői B, Cseh S. Cryopreservation of embryos and oocytes in human assisted reproduction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:307268. [PMID: 24779007 PMCID: PMC3980916 DOI: 10.1155/2014/307268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Both sperm and embryo cryopreservation have become routine procedures in human assisted reproduction and oocyte cryopreservation is being introduced into clinical practice and is getting more and more widely used. Embryo cryopreservation has decreased the number of fresh embryo transfers and maximized the effectiveness of the IVF cycle. The data shows that women who had transfers of fresh and frozen embryos obtained 8% additional births by using their cryopreserved embryos. Oocyte cryopreservation offers more advantages compared to embryo freezing, such as fertility preservation in women at risk of losing fertility due to oncological treatment or chronic disease, egg donation, and postponing childbirth, and eliminates religious and/or other ethical, legal, and moral concerns of embryo freezing. In this review, the basic principles, methodology, and practical experiences as well as safety and other aspects concerning slow cooling and ultrarapid cooling (vitrification) of human embryos and oocytes are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Konc
- Infertility and IVF Center of Buda, Szent János Hospital, Budapest 1125, Hungary
| | - Katalin Kanyó
- Infertility and IVF Center of Buda, Szent János Hospital, Budapest 1125, Hungary
| | - Rita Kriston
- Infertility and IVF Center of Buda, Szent János Hospital, Budapest 1125, Hungary
| | - Bence Somoskői
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest 1078, Hungary
| | - Sándor Cseh
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest 1078, Hungary
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The current challenges to efficient immature oocyte cryopreservation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:1531-9. [PMID: 24114631 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte cryopreservation represents an important tool for assisted reproductive technology. It offers the opportunity to preserve fertility in women at risk of loss of the ovarian function for various pathologies. It also represents a treatment alternative for couples that cannot benefit from embryo cryopreservation because of moral, religious, or legal constrains. On the other hand, in vitro oocyte maturation has a range of applications. It can be applied in patients with a contraindication to ovarian stimulation to prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome or to eliminate the risk of stimulation of hormone-sensitive tumours in cancer patients. However, while mature oocyte cryopreservation has found wide-spread application and oocyte in vitro maturation has a place for the treatment of specific clinical conditions, data on the efficiency of freezing of immature or in vitro matured oocytes are poorer. In this review we will focus on the combination of oocyte in vitro maturation with oocyte cryopreservation with particular emphasis on the biological implications of the cryopreservation of immature or in vitro matured oocytes. The two cryopreservation approaches, slow freezing and vitrification, will be discussed in relation to possible cryodamage occurring to subcellular structures of the oocyte and the functional interaction between oocyte and cumulus cells.
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Shin H, Song H, Suh CS, Lim HJ. The formin protein mDia2 serves as a marker of spindle pole dynamics in vitrified-warmed mouse oocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75729. [PMID: 24069443 PMCID: PMC3777981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse diaphanous 2 (mDia2) protein belongs to the formin family and has been shown to nucleate actin filaments and stabilize microtubules, thus indicating a role in cytoskeleton organization. Our previous study, which showed that mDia2 specifically localizes to spindle poles of metaphase I mouse oocytes and NIH3T3 cells, provided the first evidence of its spindle pole-associated cellular function. In the present study, we aim to determine whether spindle pole proteins, such as mDia2 and pericentrin, can be used to monitor the status of spindle poles in cryopreserved mouse oocytes. We show herein that mDia2 exhibits an overlapping distribution with pericentrin, which is a crucial component of centrosomes and microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). In vitrified-warmed oocytes, the overlapping distribution of mDia2 and pericentrin was immediately detected after thawing, thereby suggesting that mDia2 maintains a tight association with the spindle pole machinery. Interestingly, we observed that microtubules extend from mDia2 clusters in cytoplasmic MTOCs after thawing. This result suggests that mDia2 is a major MTOC component that is closely associated with pericentrin and that it plays a role in microtubule growth from MTOCs. Collectively, our results provide evidence that mDia2 is a novel marker of spindle pole dynamics before and after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Suk Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Jade Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Imesch P, Scheiner D, Xie M, Fink D, Macas E, Dubey R, Imthurn B. Developmental potential of human oocytes matured in vitro followed by vitrification and activation. J Ovarian Res 2013; 6:30. [PMID: 23597104 PMCID: PMC3710234 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-6-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and cryopreservation at the time of routine ovarian tissue freezing may be offered to cancer patients as an additional option for fertility preservation. This study aimed to investigate the developmental capacity of oocytes isolated from unstimulated ovaries. Methods Immature oocytes (n = 63) from seven consenting premenopausal patients were analysed. Oocytes were collected during routine laparoscopic examination with biopsy of an ovary (cystic adnexal mass, n = 3; cervical adenocarcinoma, n = 2) or oophorectomy (sex reassignment surgery, n = 2) without previous stimulation of the ovaries. The stage of the patient’s menstrual cycle was not considered. Oocytes in all visible antral follicles were aspirated from ovaries, cultured in IVM medium and vitrified at the MII stage before being kept in liquid nitrogen for at least one month. After warming, oocytes were subjected to parthenogenetic activation by chemical stimulus. Their further development was recorded at intervals of 24 hours for up to 6 days of culture. Results 61.9% of oocytes matured in vitro within 48 hours. The survival rate after vitrification and warming was 61.5%. A total of 75% of surviving oocytes were able to respond to artificial activation, 44.4% of the parthenotes developed to early embryonic stage. However, only 1 in 18 (5.6%) of the resulting embryos reached blastocyst stage. Conclusions Oocytes matured in vitro from unstimulated ovaries seem to have limited developmental potential after cryopreservation and artificial activation. Although the outcome of IVM for non-stimulated oocytes is poor, it is currently the only chance besides cryopreservation of ovarian tissue for women for whom ovarian stimulation is not possible due to life circumstances. Based on our preliminary results, we suggest that the use of cryopreserved ovaries for fertility preservation in women with cancer warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Imesch
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - David Scheiner
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - Min Xie
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Fink
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - Erwin Macas
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - Raghvendra Dubey
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Imthurn
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland
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Cobo A, Garcia-Velasco JA, Domingo J, Remohí J, Pellicer A. Is vitrification of oocytes useful for fertility preservation for age-related fertility decline and in cancer patients? Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1485-95. [PMID: 23541405 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide current knowledge on oocyte cryopreservation, with special emphasis on vitrification as a means to preserve fertility in different indications. Major advancements achieved in the past few years in the cryolaboratory have facilitated major changes in our practice. Areas such as fertility preservation for social or oncologic reasons, the possibility to create oocyte banks for egg donation programs, the opportunity to avoid ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, or to accumulate oocytes in low-yield patients, or even to offer treatment segmentation by stimulating the ovaries, vitrifying, and then transferring in a natural cycle are some of the options that are now available with the development of cryopreservation. We present general experience from our group and others on fertility preservation for age-related fertility decline as well as in oncologic patients, confirming that oocyte vitrification is a standardized, simple, reproducible, and efficient option.
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Abstract
The spindle apparatus is a vital structure and must be structurally intact for proper segregation of the oocyte's genetic material during metaphase II. Endometriosis, oxidative stress, and cryopreservation can all adversely affect the structural integrity of the spindle, potentially resulting in aneuploidy and spontaneous abortion of the embryo. Advances in spindle imagery have made it possible to visualize the effects of environmental stresses on spindle structure. Deviation from an oocyte's normal environment can seriously impair the positioning and integrity of the spindle. Oocytes cryopreservation causes depolymerization and repolymerization of the spindle. Oocytes can also be preserved in an immature state for later in vitro maturation. A comprehensive understanding of the spindle behavior is paramount for the effective manipulation of oocytes in an assisted reproductive setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Sharma
- 1Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Song WY, Xin ZM, Jin HX, Peng ZF, Chen XM, Shi SL, Dai SJ, Sun YP. Effects of frozen timing on the spindle density, the angle between the polar body and spindle, and embryo development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in mouse mature oocytes. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:561-7. [PMID: 23404681 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Better pregnancy outcomes can be obtained by human mature oocyte vitrification, but many problems remain to be resolved in human mature oocyte vitrification. Since mature oocyte development possesses its own maturity cycle, there should be the optimal timing for mature oocyte vitrification. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of frozen timing on the spindle density, the angle between the polar body and spindle, and embryo development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in vitrified mouse mature oocytes and explore its possible mechanism. Mouse oocytes were randomly divided into three groups according to different frozen timing including Groups A, B, and C in which oocytes were vitrified within 2 h after ovum pick-up, and 3-4 and 5-6 h after ovum pick-up, respectively. Spindle-related parameters were measured, ICSI was performed. The spindle occurrence rate of vitrified-thawed oocytes was 98.4% in Group A, 82.3% in Group B, and 75.8% in Group C, without statistical differences between pre-vitrification and post-thawing and among the three groups (P > 0.05). The angles between the polar body and spindle were larger after thawing than before vitrification (P < 0.01). The spindle retardance values were lower after thawing than before vitrification in Groups B and C (P < 0.05), but higher in Group A (P < 0.05). The spindle retardance values before vitrification were higher in Group B than in Groups A and C (P < 0.05), but the spindle retardance value, oocyte survival and two-cell rate after thawing were higher in Group A than in Groups B and C (P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in ICSI fertility rate between the three groups (P > 0.05). The damage on the spindle is the slightest and embryo quality is the highest in the mouse oocytes vitrified within 2 h after ovum pick-up. The spindle retardance value is more valuable than the spindle occurrence rate in the evaluation of vitrified-thawed oocyte quality, and is positively correlated with embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-yan Song
- Reproductive Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Arav A, Natan Y. Vitrification of Oocytes: From Basic Science to Clinical Application. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 761:69-83. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8214-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
There is good evidence that fertilization and pregnancy rates are similar to IVF/ICSI with fresh oocytes when vitrified/warmed oocytes are used as part of IVF/ICSI for young women. Although data are limited, no increase in chromosomal abnormalities, birth defects, and developmental deficits has been reported in the offspring born from cryopreserved oocytes when compared to pregnancies from conventional IVF/ICSI and the general population. Evidence indicates that oocyte vitrification and warming should no longer be considered experimental. This document replaces the document last published in 2008 titled, "Ovarian Tissue and Oocyte Cryopreservation," Fertil Steril 2008;90:S241-6.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Society for Reproductive Medicine and Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology, Birmingham, Alabama
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Konc J, Kanyo K, Kriston R, Zeke J, Cseh S. Freezing of oocytes and its effect on the displacement of the meiotic spindle: short communication. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:785421. [PMID: 22629197 PMCID: PMC3353562 DOI: 10.1100/2012/785421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our investigations focused on spindle dynamics/displacement in frozen-thawed human oocytes. In each oocyte, prior to freezing and after thawing and culturing, the presence/location of the spindle was determined with the Polscope technique. A total of 259 oocytes have been thawed with a survival rate of 81.1%. From the 210 survived oocytes, 165 were fertilized (78.6%) and 89.1% of them cleaved. A total of 143 embryos were transferred into 63 patients resulting in 11 clinical pregnancies (17.5%), 7 of which resulted in live birth of 8 babies (1 twin pregnancy). We were able to detect the spindle in 221 of 259 oocytes (85.3%). After thawing and culturing the oocytes, we were able to visualize the spindle in 177 of 210 oocytes (84.3%). In 83 of these 177 oocytes, the spindle was observed to be in the same location as it was before cryopreservation (46.9%). However, in 94 of these 177 oocytes (53.1%), the spindle reformed in a different position/location relative to the polar body. Our results show that after thawing and culture in half of the spindle-positive oocytes the spindle was detected in a new location, indicating that the spindle and the polar body move relative to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Konc
- Infertility and IVF Center of Buda, Szent Janos Hospital, Budapest 1125, Hungary
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40
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Minasi MG, Fabozzi G, Casciani V, Ferrero S, Litwicka K, Greco E. Efficiency of slush nitrogen vitrification of human oocytes vitrified with or without cumulus cells in relation to survival rate and meiotic spindle competence. Fertil Steril 2012; 97:1220-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Gomes C, Merlini M, Konheim J, Serafini P, Motta EL, Baracat EC, Smith GD. Oocyte meiotic-stage-specific differences in spindle depolymerization in response to temperature changes monitored with polarized field microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Fertil Steril 2012; 97:714-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Oocyte cryostorage to preserve fertility in oncological patients. Obstet Gynecol Int 2012; 2012:525896. [PMID: 22291711 PMCID: PMC3265124 DOI: 10.1155/2012/525896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to the progress in oncostatic treatments, young women affected by cancer have a
fairly good chance of surviving the disease and leading a normal post-cancer life. Quite
often, however, polychemiotherapy and/or radiotherapy can induce ovarian damage and
significantly reduce the content of follicles and oocytes inside the ovary, thus predisposing
the patient to menstrual disorders, infertility, and precocious menopause. Several
techniques have been proposed to preserve fertility in these patients; among them oocyte
collection and cryopreservation prior to the oncostatic treatment has been widely applied
in the last decade. The proper indications, the permitting conditions, the available
hormonal stimulation protocols, as well as the effectiveness and limits of this option will be
discussed herein, with a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the two techniques
commonly used to cryostore oocytes, the slow-freezing technique and the vitrification technique.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize recent advances in oocyte and embryo cryopreservation techniques and outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS Vitrification is gradually replacing slow freezing due to a better survival rate after thawing. Most units use vitrification for both oocyte and blastocyst cryopreservation, as these two biological structures did not perform very well with slow freezing technique. Basic experiments show that cellular damage seems lower after vitrification. Taken all together, this is helping vitirification to be expanding rapidly, and new clinical indications are being incorporated as well (i.e., fertility preservation). SUMMARY Cryopreservation has been used as a complement to IVF, and recent publications indicate that pregnancy rates achieved with frozen oocytes and embryos are comparable with those achieved in fresh cycles. Multiple publications studying oocyte and embryo physiology during cryopreservation have been published recently; however, larger studies are needed to verify the efficacy of new cryopreservation techniques. Vitrification is a simple and robust technique that is being incorporated into the majority of IVF units, mainly for oocyte and blastocyst cryopreservation.
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Jiménez-Trigos E, Naturil-Alfonso C, Vicente JS, Marco-Jiménez F. Effects of cryopreservation on the meiotic spindle, cortical granule distribution and development of rabbit oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:472-8. [PMID: 22497624 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01906.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although much progress has been made in oocyte cryopreservation since 1971, live offspring have only been obtained in a few species and in rabbits. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of vitrification and slow freezing on the meiotic spindle, cortical granule (CG) distribution and their developmental competence. Oocytes were vitrified in 16.84% ethylene glycol, 12.86% formamide, 22.3% dimethyl sulphoxide, 7% PVP and 1% of synthetic ice blockers using Cryotop as device or slow freezing in 1.5 m PROH and 0.2 m sucrose in 0.25 ml sterile French mini straws. Meiotic spindle and CG distribution were assessed using a confocal laser-scanning microscope. To determine oocyte competence, in vitro development of oocytes from each cryopreservation procedure was assessed using parthenogenesis activation. Our data showed that oocytes were significantly affected by both cryopreservation procedures. In particular, meiotic spindle organization was dramatically altered after cryopreservation. Oocytes with peripheral CG distribution have a better chance of survival in cryopreservation after slow-freezing procedures compared to vitrification. In addition, slow freezing of oocytes led to higher cleavage and blastocyst rates compared to vitrification. Our data showed that, in rabbits, structural alterations are more evident in vitrified oocytes than in slow-frozen oocytes, probably as a consequence of sensitivity to high levels of cryoprotectants. Slow-freezing method is currently the recommended option for rabbit oocyte cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jiménez-Trigos
- Institute of Science and Animal Technology, Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Galeati G, Spinaci M, Vallorani C, Bucci D, Porcu E, Tamanini C. Pig oocyte vitrification by cryotop method: Effects on viability, spindle and chromosome configuration and in vitro fertilization. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 127:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Larman MG, Katz-Jaffe MG, McCallie B, Filipovits JA, Gardner DK. Analysis of global gene expression following mouse blastocyst cryopreservation. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:2672-80. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Desai N, AbdelHafez F, Ali MY, Sayed EH, Abu-Alhassan AM, Falcone T, Goldfarb J. Mouse ovarian follicle cryopreservation using vitrification or slow programmed cooling: assessment of in vitro development, maturation, ultra-structure and meiotic spindle organization. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2011; 37:1-12. [PMID: 20731766 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2010.01215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare different outcomes of vitrification and slow freezing of isolated pre-antral follicles and to evaluate different cryo-devices for vitrification of isolated follicles. METHODS Pre-antral follicles were isolated from mouse ovaries and cryopreserved using vitrification and slow freezing. A preliminary experiment was carried out to select the optimal cryo-device for vitrification of isolated follicles. A total of 414 follicles were randomly distributed among four groups: control (CT) fresh (n=100), nylon mesh (n=96), electron microscopy grid (n=102), and micro-capillary tips (n=116). Subsequently, a total of 979 follicles were randomly assigned to three different groups: CT fresh (n=256), vitrification (n=399) and slow freezing (n=324). CT and cryopreserved/thawed follicles were cultured in vitro and examined daily for development. Final maturation was triggered with human chorionic gonadotrophin and rates of oocyte maturation were calculated. The ultra-structure of cryopreserved/thawed follicles was studied using electron microscopy. Meiotic spindle presence and organization in mature oocytes were examined using the Oosight imaging system. RESULTS Micro-capillary tips resulted in poor immediate post-warming survival but no differences were observed in the subsequent in vitro development characteristics between different cryo-devices. Nylon mesh proved to be the easiest carrier, particularly when large numbers of follicles were to be vitrified. Compared to vitrification, slow freezing resulted in a significantly lower number of intact follicles at the end of the culture period (P<0.0001). However all other outcome measures were comparable between both techniques. CONCLUSIONS Isolated follicles were more vulnerable to cryodamage after slow freezing as compared to vitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Desai
- Department of OB-GYN, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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Efficacy of oocyte vitrification combined with blastocyst stage transfer in an egg donation program. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:782-90. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Chang CC, Nel-Themaat L, Nagy ZP. Cryopreservation of oocytes in experimental models. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 23:307-13. [PMID: 21550306 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, success in oocyte cryopreservation has been very limited mainly due to poor understanding of the complex physiological processes that lead to cell damage during cryopreservation. In the past three decades, however, a wealth of information has been collected using various different animal models, which has led to development of new technologies and optimization of existing ones. The use of these models has provided the opportunity for research that may not have been possible with human material. Today, results of these studies still continue to form the basis of oocyte cryobiology. This review discusses these studies, especially the physiological impacts of cryopreservation on oocyte biology. It will also focus on the role that animal models have played in improvement strategies, validation before translating new techniques into the human model and the advances made in the human in IVF because of these animal models. Finally, existing investigations and their potential impact in other areas of research will be discussed. Until recently, success in oocyte cryopreservation has been very limited mainly due to poor understanding of the complex physiological processes that lead to cell damage during cryopreservation. In the past three decades, however, a wealth of information has been collected using various different animal models, which has led to development of new technologies and optimization of existing ones. The use of these models provided the opportunity for research that may not have been possible with human material. Today, animal models still continuously provide imperative data that facilitate further advancements in oocyte cryobiology. This review will focus on the physiological impacts, current improvement strategies and future applications of oocyte cryopreservation using animal models as they benefit not only human oocyte cryopreservation procedures, but also the human species through their usefulness in agriculture, medicine and conservation.
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