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Lenz C, Slack MPE, Shea KM, Reinert RR, Taysi BN, Swerdlow DL. Long-Term effects of COVID-19: a review of current perspectives and mechanistic insights. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024; 50:315-328. [PMID: 37074754 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2190405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Although SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19, is primarily a respiratory infection, a broad spectrum of cardiac, pulmonary, neurologic, and metabolic complications can occur. More than 50 long-term symptoms of COVID-19 have been described, and as many as 80% of patients may develop ≥1 long-term symptom. To summarize current perspectives of long-term sequelae of COVID-19, we conducted a PubMed search describing the long-term cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and neurologic effects post-SARS-CoV-2 infection and mechanistic insights and risk factors for the above-mentioned sequelae. Emerging risk factors of long-term sequelae include older age (≥65 years), female sex, Black or Asian race, Hispanic ethnicity, and presence of comorbidities. There is an urgent need to better understand ongoing effects of COVID-19. Prospective studies evaluating long-term effects of COVID-19 in all body systems and patient groups will facilitate appropriate management and assess burden of care. Clinicians should ensure patients are followed up and managed appropriately, especially those in at-risk groups. Healthcare systems worldwide need to develop approaches to follow-up and support patients recovering from COVID-19. Surveillance programs can enhance prevention and treatment efforts for those most vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary P E Slack
- Griffith University, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Queensland, Australia
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2
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Al-Bdairi AA, Makki HA, Shawki O, Alkhudair SH, Al-Hilli NM, Alkhalidi BA, Alkadhim HK, Shweliyya AA. The Multi-faceted Effects of COVID-19 on Female Reproductive Health: An Updated Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e57944. [PMID: 38738039 PMCID: PMC11082527 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Concerns about the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic's possible impact on sexual and reproductive health have grown significantly. In this narrative review, the latest research on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on several facets of sexual and reproductive health is reviewed. The review starts initially by going through the possible consequences of SARS-CoV-2 on female menstrual cycles. The virus may interfere with the menstrual cycle, which could affect hormone synthesis and endometrial reactions, according to newly available evidence. Menstrual blood loss may be impacted by COVID-19's potential to influence endothelial cell function and systemic hemostasis. Hypothalamic amenorrhea may be brought on by severe COVID-19 disease. There is little research on this subject, although most women resume their regular menstrual cycles after 1-2 months of recuperation. The review also examines how SARS-CoV-2 infection may affect assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments. There are few clinical data, although some research points to potential effects on embryo quality. Overall, ART results, however, did not materially change from the time before the epidemic. Obstetric problems are more likely when SARS-CoV-2 infection occurs during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. Even though the maternal death rate is still low, pregnant women, especially those with comorbidities, are more likely to experience serious sickness. The review emphasizes how the COVID-19 vaccine affects menstrual cycles, showing brief, modest modifications without serious health hazards. Also included are the psychological effects of family planning choices during the pandemic. In conclusion, this narrative review offers a thorough assessment of the complicated and changing effects of SARS-CoV-2 on sexual and reproductive health. The different requirements of people and couples during and after the pandemic are highlighted, underscoring the necessity for ongoing study and specialized healthcare practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A Al-Bdairi
- Infertility, Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Teba IVF and Genetic Center, Babylon, IRQ
| | - Hayder A Makki
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, IRQ
| | - Osama Shawki
- Gynecology Surgery, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Sallama H Alkhudair
- Fertility, Assisted Reproductive Technology, Alzaitoon Specialized Fertility Center, Baghdad, IRQ
| | - Nadia M Al-Hilli
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babylon, IRQ
| | - Batool A Alkhalidi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, IRQ
| | - Hanan K Alkadhim
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iraqi Fertility Society, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babylon, IRQ
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3
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Ganesan S, Al Ketbi LM, Cantarutti FM, Al Kaabi N, Al Mansoori M, Al Saedi MR, Al Blooshi FI, Al Nuaimi RA, Ibrahim M, Eltantawy I, Al Marzooqi F, Zaher WA. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on pregnancy and fertility preferences among the residents of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). J Glob Health 2024; 14:05002. [PMID: 38330200 PMCID: PMC10852539 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.05002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly impacted the lifestyles of millions of people, with new challenges arising as the pandemic progresses. However, little attention has been given to issues like fertility intentions and pregnancy planning during COVID-19. Consequently, we aimed to investigate the influence of the pandemic on pregnancy and fertility decisions among the residents of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods We surveyed UAE residents of reproductive age between November 2021 to June 2022 via the Google Forms platform and collected data on demographics, associated health conditions, COVID-19 infections, as well as plans for pregnancy and fertility intentions. We presented data through descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and used Pearson's χ2 test to compare the characteristics of participants who reported that the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced their fertility preferences with those who reported that it had not. Results Overall, 564 participants completed the survey, of whom 115 (20.4%) stated that the COVID-19 pandemic had influenced their fertility preferences. Meanwhile, 234 (41.5%) reported previous history of COVID-19 infection; regarding post-COVID-19 infection symptoms, 53 (22.6%) reported decreased libido and 40 (17%) reported trouble in conceiving a baby. Participants who were ≤30 years of age were less likely to be influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic on their decision on fertility compared to those >30 years of age. Factors like education, income, chronic health conditions, and previous history of COVID-19 infection or vaccination did not have any significant effect on the COVID-19 pandemic influence on fertility preferences. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has brought in new challenges which could affect fertility and this needs to be studied further for planning effective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Ganesan
- G42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Insights Research Organization and Solutions (IROS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Flavia Martinez Cantarutti
- G42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Insights Research Organization and Solutions (IROS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nawal Al Kaabi
- Ambulatory Healthcare Services, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | - Marie Ibrahim
- Insights Research Organization and Solutions (IROS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Islam Eltantawy
- Insights Research Organization and Solutions (IROS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Walid Abbas Zaher
- G42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Insights Research Organization and Solutions (IROS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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4
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Yang T, Wu L, Peng J, Wang C, Li G, Zhang J, He X, Cao Y, Song B. Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection during ovarian stimulation on ART outcomes. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 48:103422. [PMID: 38030535 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Does severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during ovarian stimulation affect assisted reproductive technology outcomes? DESIGN This retrospective cohort study conducted at the Reproductive Medicine Centre of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University aimed to assess the effects of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection during IVF on treatment outcomes and the reproductive system. The study included 151 treatment cycles involving couples with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during ovarian stimulation, along with 224 cycles of non-infected couples as a control group. Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters were analysed, including total gonadotrophin dosage, duration of ovarian stimulation, number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization method, fertilization rate, and number of blastocyst embryos available. Forty-six follicular fluid samples, 38 semen samples and 78 embryo culture medium samples from patients with COVID-19 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS The treatment and control groups showed similar cycle characteristics, including fertilization method, total gonadotrophin dosage and duration of ovarian stimulation. The mean number of oocytes retrieved per cycle and rate of mature oocytes in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles were comparable. No significant difference was observed in the total number of blastocyst embryos available between the groups. Furthermore, no SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in any of the samples of patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, acute SARS-CoV-2 infection during ovarian stimulation does not have a significant impact on IVF treatment outcomes. Additionally, no risk to the reproductive system was observed in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 can safely continue IVF treatment. Future research is needed to investigate the long-term effects of COVID-19 on fertility and reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Longmei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Centre, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guanjian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junfei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaojin He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, China; Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Centre, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, China; Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Centre, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, China; Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Centre, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Briassoulis G, Briassoulis P, Ilia S, Miliaraki M, Briassouli E. The Anti-Oxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Apoptotic, and Anti-Necroptotic Role of Zinc in COVID-19 and Sepsis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1942. [PMID: 38001795 PMCID: PMC10669546 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a structural component of proteins, functions as a catalytic co-factor in DNA synthesis and transcription of hundreds of enzymes, and has a regulatory role in protein-DNA interactions of zinc-finger proteins. For many years, zinc has been acknowledged for its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory functions. Furthermore, zinc is a potent inhibitor of caspases-3, -7, and -8, modulating the caspase-controlled apoptosis and necroptosis. In recent years, the immunomodulatory role of zinc in sepsis and COVID-19 has been investigated. Both sepsis and COVID-19 are related to various regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, including apoptosis and necroptosis. Lack of zinc may have a negative effect on many immune functions, such as oxidative burst, cytokine production, chemotaxis, degranulation, phagocytosis, and RCD. While plasma zinc concentrations decline swiftly during both sepsis and COVID-19, this reduction is primarily attributed to a redistribution process associated with the inflammatory response. In this response, hepatic metallothionein production increases in reaction to cytokine release, which is linked to inflammation, and this protein effectively captures and stores zinc in the liver. Multiple regulatory mechanisms come into play, influencing the uptake of zinc, the binding of zinc to blood albumin and red blood cells, as well as the buffering and modulation of cytosolic zinc levels. Decreased zinc levels are associated with increasing severity of organ dysfunction, prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality in septic and COVID-19 patients. Results of recent studies focusing on these topics are summarized and discussed in this narrative review. Existing evidence currently does not support pharmacological zinc supplementation in patients with sepsis or COVID-19. Complementation and repletion should follow current guidelines for micronutrients in critically ill patients. Further research investigating the pharmacological mechanism of zinc in programmed cell death caused by invasive infections and its therapeutic potential in sepsis and COVID-19 could be worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Briassoulis
- Postgraduate Program “Emergency and Intensive Care in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults”, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis Briassoulis
- Second Department of Anesthesiology, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Stavroula Ilia
- Postgraduate Program “Emergency and Intensive Care in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults”, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Marianna Miliaraki
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Efrossini Briassouli
- Infectious Diseases Department “MAKKA”, First Department of Paediatrics, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Cubas ALV, Moecke EHS, Provin AP, Dutra ARA, Machado MM, Gouveia IC. The Impacts of Plastic Waste from Personal Protective Equipment Used during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3151. [PMID: 37571045 PMCID: PMC10421242 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The period from 2019 to 2022 has been defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in an unprecedented demand for and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). However, the disposal of PPE without considering its environmental impact and proper waste management practices has become a growing concern. The increased demand for PPE during the pandemic and associated waste management practices have been analyzed. Additionally, the discussion around treating these residues and exploring more environmentally friendly alternatives, such as biodegradable or reusable PPE, is crucial. The extensive use of predominantly non-degradable plastics in PPE has led to their accumulation in landfills, with potential consequences for marine environments through the formation of microplastics. Therefore, this article seeks to establish a connection between these issues and the Sustainable Development Goals, emphasizing the importance of efficient management aligned with sustainable development objectives to address these emerging challenges and ensure a more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise Leal Vieira Cubas
- Environmental Science Master’s Program, University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul), Avenida Pedra Branca, 25, Palhoça 88137-270, Brazil; (E.H.S.M.); (A.P.P.); (A.R.A.D.)
| | - Elisa Helena Siegel Moecke
- Environmental Science Master’s Program, University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul), Avenida Pedra Branca, 25, Palhoça 88137-270, Brazil; (E.H.S.M.); (A.P.P.); (A.R.A.D.)
| | - Ana Paula Provin
- Environmental Science Master’s Program, University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul), Avenida Pedra Branca, 25, Palhoça 88137-270, Brazil; (E.H.S.M.); (A.P.P.); (A.R.A.D.)
| | - Ana Regina Aguiar Dutra
- Environmental Science Master’s Program, University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul), Avenida Pedra Branca, 25, Palhoça 88137-270, Brazil; (E.H.S.M.); (A.P.P.); (A.R.A.D.)
| | - Marina Medeiros Machado
- Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35402-163, Brazil;
| | - Isabel C. Gouveia
- FibEnTech R&D—Fiber Materials and Environmental Technologies, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
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Nori W, Akeel Salman D. Seminal fluid changes in the COVID-19 era: During infection and Post-vaccination. GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS CLINICAL MEDICINE 2023; 3:88-93. [PMID: 38620126 PMCID: PMC10133885 DOI: 10.1016/j.gocm.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predilection for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors allows its entrance and replication; however, they are not biochemically required for viral fusion into the cell membrane. Testicular tissue has abundant ACE2 receptors, making it a target for the COVID-19 virus. Seminal fluid parameters are measures of male fertility. Changes in semen parameters have been caused by coronavirus disease and vaccines. Some attribute that effect to direct hematogenic spread to the testis; others propose that the excessive immunological response triggered by the infection causes a deleterious effect. An unsubstantiated claim questioned whether the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could trigger an unintentional immunological response that would impair male fertility once receiving the vaccine. Extensive research confirms the transient nature of those changes that affect sperm motility and count with full recovery post-COVID-19 infection and after vaccination. The vaccine's safety was reaffirmed; however, there are currently no recommendations for screening sperm donors. Research is warranted to guarantee the safety of couples undergoing assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassan Nori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Dina Akeel Salman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Ahadiat SA, Hosseinian Z. Diabetes Ketoacidosis and COVID-19: An Insight into the Pathophysiology. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2023; 21:e133631. [PMID: 37654527 PMCID: PMC10467579 DOI: 10.5812/ijem-133631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeinab Hosseinian
- Department Biomedicine Bimolecular, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
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Vieira FDA, Neto RP, Morila MCG, Curimbaba JB, Pasquini DS, Felchner PCZ, Wandresen G, Pachnicki JPA. Fertility Does not Quarantine: Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Impacts on in Vitro Fertilization Clinical Pregnancy Rates. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2023; 45:142-148. [PMID: 37105198 PMCID: PMC10166647 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinical pregnancy rates and analyze factors that may have influenced their outcome. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary-care Brazilian fertility center. All fresh IVF and embryo warming cycles performed from March 11 to December 31, 2018-2021 were analyzed, and their data were used to calculate fertilization, embryo cleavage, cycle cancellation, embryo transfer (ET), and clinical pregnancy rates. Statistical tests were used to evaluate the alterations found. Logistic regression models were used to explore the association of the categorical variables with the observed clinical pregnancy rates. Data from 2018 and 2019 (prepandemic) and 2020 and 2021 (pandemic) were grouped. RESULTS A total of 756 cycles were analyzed (n = 360 prepandemic and n = 396 pandemic). The age group of the patients, fertilization rates, and cleavage rates did not have significant differences (p > 0.05). There was a reduction in the percentage of fresh IVF and an increase in embryo warming cycles (p = 0.005) during the pandemic. There was also an increase in fresh cycle cancellations (p < 0.001) and a reduction in ET rates (p < 0.001). The pandemic had a negative impact on clinical pregnancy rates (p < 0.001) especially due to the increase in fresh cycle cancellations (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Embryo warming cycles with subsequent frozen-thawed ET were presented as a viable alternative to continue assisted reproductive treatments against pandemic restrictions on fresh cycles, ensuring clinical pregnancy, albeit at a lower rate than that of the prepandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo Wandresen
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Human Reproduction, Embryo Human Reproduction Center, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jan Pawel Andrade Pachnicki
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Tocogynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mackenzie Evangelical College of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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10
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Pourmasumi S, Nazari A, Ahmadi Z, Kouni SN, de Gregorio C, Koniari I, Dousdampanis P, Mplani V, Plotas P, Assimakopoulos S, Gogos C, Aidonisdis G, Roditis P, Matsas N, Velissaris D, Calogiuri G, Hung MY, Altay S, Kounis NG. The Effect of Long COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination on Male Fertility; A Narrative Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10121982. [PMID: 36560392 PMCID: PMC9783106 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10121982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier research has suggested that the male reproductive system could be particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection, and infections involving this novel disease not only pose serious health threats but could also cause male infertility. Data from multi-organ research during the recent outbreak indicate that male infertility might not be diagnosed as a possible consequence of COVID-19 infection. Several review papers have summarized the etiology factors on male fertility, but to date no review paper has been published defining the effect of COVID-19 infection on male fertility. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the published scientific evidence regarding male fertility potential, the risk of infertility during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the male reproductive system. The effects of COVID-19 infection and the subsequent vaccination on seminal fluid, sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm viability, testes and sex hormones are particularly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Pourmasumi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Alireza Nazari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | | | - Cesare de Gregorio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina Medical School, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Ioanna Koniari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| | - Periklis Dousdampanis
- Department of Nephrology, Saint Andrews State General Hospital, 26221 Patras, Greece
| | - Virginia Mplani
- Intensive Care Unit, Patras University Hospital, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Plotas
- Department of Speech Therapy, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios Assimakopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- COVID-19 Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Pavlos Roditis
- Department of Cardiology, Mamatsio Kozanis General Hospital, 50100 Kozani, Greece
| | - Nikos Matsas
- Cardiology Private Practice, 30131 Agrinion, Greece
| | | | - Gianfranco Calogiuri
- Pneumonology Department, Civil Hospital “Ninetto Melli”, Pietro Vernoti, 72027 Brindisi, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Section of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Ming-Yow Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Servet Altay
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Turkey
| | - Nicholas G. Kounis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence:
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Chico-Sordo L, Polonio AM, Córdova-Oriz I, Medrano M, Herraiz S, Bronet F, García-Velasco JA, Varela E. Telomeres and oocyte maturation rate are not reduced by COVID-19 except in severe cases. Reproduction 2022; 164:259-267. [PMID: 36136831 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In brief COVID-19 does not affect the telomeres or fertility outcomes in mild cases. However, in women with severe symptoms, telomeres of granulosa cells are shorter, and the oocyte maturation rate is decreased. Abstract The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19 disease and affects primarily the lungs and also other organs, causing accelerated cell aging. One of the main pathways involved in aging is telomere attrition, which ultimately leads to defective tissue regeneration and organ dysfunction. Indeed, short telomeres in aged people aggravate the COVID-19 symptoms, and COVID-19 survivors showed shorter telomeres in blood cells. The SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in testis, but the ovaries, which express the viral entry factors, have not been fully explored. Our objective was to analyze telomeres and reproductive outcomes in women who had COVID-19 and controls. In this prospective cohort study, granulosa cells (GCs) and blood were collected from 65 women. Telomere length (TL) was measured by high-throughput in situ hybridization. Mean TL of GCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was alike in control and mild cases. However, mean TL of GCs was lower in severe cases compared to controls (P = 0.017). Control and COVID groups had similar ovarian reserve and number of total oocytes after puncture. However, the oocyte maturation rate was lower in severe cases (P = 0.018). Interestingly, a positive correlation between the oocyte maturation rate and TL of GCs was found in the control group (P = 0.024). Our findings point to a potential impact of the coronavirus infection on telomeres and reproductive outcomes in severe cases. This might be considered upon possible new SARS-CoV threats, to favor treatments that enhance oocyte maturation in women severely affected by coronavirus undergoing ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chico-Sordo
- IVI Foundation, The Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe) - Edificio Biopolo, Valencia, Spain
| | - A M Polonio
- IVI Foundation, The Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe) - Edificio Biopolo, Valencia, Spain
| | - I Córdova-Oriz
- IVI Foundation, The Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe) - Edificio Biopolo, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Medrano
- IVI Foundation, The Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe) - Edificio Biopolo, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Herraiz
- IVI Foundation, The Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe) - Edificio Biopolo, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - J A García-Velasco
- IVI Foundation, The Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe) - Edificio Biopolo, Valencia, Spain.,IVIRMA Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Rey Juan Carlos University, Edificio Departamental II, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Varela
- IVI Foundation, The Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe) - Edificio Biopolo, Valencia, Spain.,Rey Juan Carlos University, Edificio Departamental II, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Kucukyildiz K, Yilmaz-Oral D, Turkcan D, Oztekin CV, Gur S. Impact of COVID-19 on male urogenital health: Success of vaccines. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103327. [PMID: 35905935 PMCID: PMC9316714 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Throughout 2021, the scientific and medical communities were concentrated on dealing with the acute morbidity and mortality induced by the COVID-19 pandemic due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We reviewed the present data for adverse effects of COVID-19 on the different parts of the male urogenital system during the dynamic situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. With the approval of COVID-19 vaccinations, there is a ray of hope at the end of this dark tunnel and a chance to look ahead for the management of long-term consequences in males with urogenital illness. A multidisciplinary investigation of these cases could provide information for establishing and optimizing treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutay Kucukyildiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Yilmaz-Oral
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Damla Turkcan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cetin Volkan Oztekin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kyrenia, Girne-TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Serap Gur
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey,Corresponding author
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13
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Montano M, Victor AR, Griffin DK, Duong T, Bolduc N, Farmer A, Garg V, Hadjantonakis AK, Coates A, Barnes FL, Zouves CG, Greene WC, Viotti M. SARS-CoV-2 can infect human embryos. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15451. [PMID: 36104397 PMCID: PMC9472724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of SARS-CoV-2 has led to a devastating pandemic, with infections resulting in a range of symptoms collectively known as COVID-19. The full repertoire of human tissues and organs susceptible to infection is an area of active investigation, and some studies have implicated the reproductive system. The effects of COVID-19 on human reproduction remain poorly understood, and particularly the impact on early embryogenesis and establishment of a pregnancy are not known. In this work, we explore the susceptibility of early human embryos to SARS-CoV-2 infection. By using RNA-seq and immunofluorescence, we note that ACE2 and TMPRSS2, two canonical cell entry factors for SARS-CoV-2, are co-expressed in cells of the trophectoderm in blastocyst-stage preimplantation embryos. For the purpose of viral entry studies, we used fluorescent reporter virions pseudotyped with Spike (S) glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2, and we observe robust infection of trophectoderm cells. This permissiveness could be attenuated with blocking antibodies targeting S or ACE2. When exposing human blastocysts to the live, fully infectious SARS-CoV-2, we detected cases of infection that compromised embryo health. Therefore, we identify a new human target tissue for SARS-CoV-2 with potential medical implications for reproductive health during the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath.
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14
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Kabalkin Y, Bentov Y, Gil M, Beharier O, Jaber S, Moav-Zafrir A, Khwies D, Ben-Meir A, Esh Broder E, Walfisch A, Holzer HEG, Hershko Klement A. Mild COVID-19 Was Not Associated with Impaired IVF Outcomes or Early Pregnancy Loss in IVF Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185265. [PMID: 36142911 PMCID: PMC9505769 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Data collection regarding the effects of COVID-19 on reproduction is ongoing. This study examined the effect of COVID-19 on IVF cycle parameters and early pregnancy outcomes. It included two arms: the first compared non-exposed cycles to post-SARS-CoV-2 IVF cycles. Sperm parameters were also compared. The second, prospective arm compared pregnancy outcomes among IVF patients who contracted COVID-19 during early pregnancy to those who did not. None of the patients were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. The first arm included 60 treatment cycles of women with confirmed COVID-19, compared to 60 non-exposed cycles (either the same patient before exposure or matched non-exposed patients). The outcomes of the treatment cycles did not differ significantly between exposed and non-exposed groups, including number of oocytes, endometrial thickness, fertilization rate and number of top-quality embryos. In 11 cycles, the male partner had also recently recovered: sperm concentration was lower post-exposure: 6.27 million/mL vs. 16.5 pre-exposure (p = 0.008). In 189 patients with IVF-achieved pregnancies, pregnancy loss and hospital admissions did not differ between exposed and non-exposed groups. IVF treatment outcomes and the rate of early pregnancy loss appears to be unaffected by SARS-CoV-2 disease, despite a minor decline in sperm concentration among recent recoverees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossef Kabalkin
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Yaakov Bentov
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Moran Gil
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Ein Kerem-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91220, Israel
| | - Ofer Beharier
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Sireen Jaber
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Arbel Moav-Zafrir
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Dua’ Khwies
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Assaf Ben-Meir
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Ein Kerem-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91220, Israel
| | - Efrat Esh Broder
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Asnat Walfisch
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Hananel E. G. Holzer
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Anat Hershko Klement
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The IVF Unit, Hadassah Mount Scopus-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
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15
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Rahimi-Sharbaf F, Shirazi M, Golshahi F, Salari Z, Haghiri M, Ghaemi M, Feizmahdavi H. Comparison of Prenatal and Neonatal Outcomes of Selective Fetal Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies with or Without Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome After Radiofrequency Ablation. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:433-439. [PMID: 36117585 PMCID: PMC9445864 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.91097.2217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate and compare the prenatal and neonatal outcomes of monochorionic twin pregnancies complicated with fetal growth restriction (sFGR) with or without twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) after cord occlusion by radiofrequency ablation (RFA). METHODS This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in women with monochorionic twin pregnancies of 16 to 26 weeks of gestational age (GA) in an academic hospital from 2016 to 2020. Demographic and obstetrical characteristics such as cervical length, GA of RFA and delivery, amnioreduction, cesarean section (C/S) rate, and maximum vertical pocket as well as prenatal, neonatal, and maternal outcomes were evaluated and compared between groups using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Mann-Whitney U test or independent t test was used for quantitative data and Chi square test was applied for comparing qualitative variables. The significance level of tests was 0.05. RESULTS Totally 213 (106 sFGR and 107 TTTS+sFGR) cases were enrolled. The mean of maternal age (P=0.787), body mass index (P=0.932), gestational age at RFA (P=0.265), as well as gestational age of delivery (P=0.482), and C/S rate (P=0.124) were not significant between the two groups, but a significant difference (P<0.001) in cervical length was observed between the two groups. No significant differences were found in newborn and fetal outcomes such as fetal demise (P=0.827), PPROM (P=0.233), abortion (P=0.088), and admission to intensive care unit (P=0.822) between the groups. CONCLUSION Although worse fetal and neonatal outcomes were expected in the TTTS+sFGR group after RFA, no significant difference was observed between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi-Sharbaf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Shirazi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Golshahi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Salari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Haghiri
- Department of Perinatology, Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghaemi
- Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Feizmahdavi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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16
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Bai X, Liu Z, Tang T, Yu S, Liu D, Liu G, Fan X, Tang Y, Liu Z. An integrative approach to uncover the components, mechanisms, and functions of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions on male infertility. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:794448. [PMID: 36034828 PMCID: PMC9403420 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.794448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a major and growing health problem with an estimated global prevalence of 4.2%. The current therapy is limited by the unknown etiology of MI, emphasizing the critical requirement forward to a more efficient method or medication. Through thousands of years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been shown to be effective in treating MI effectively. However, the components, mechanisms and functions of TCM prescriptions on MI are still obscure, severely limiting its clinical application. In order to discover the molecular mechanism of TCM against MI, our study presents a comprehensive approach integrated data mining, network pharmacology, molecular docking, UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS, and experimental validation. Here, we begin to acquire 289 clinical TCM prescriptions for MI from a TCM hospital’s outpatient department. Then, Core Chinese Materia Medica (CCMM) was then retrieved from the TCM Inheritance Support System (TCMISS), which was utilized to discover the underlying rules and connections in clinical prescriptions. After that, 98 CCMM components and 816 MI targets were obtained from ten distinct databases. Additionally, the network pharmacology methods, including network construction, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment, PPI analysis, were utilized to reveal that kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and beta-sitosterol are the core components of CCMM in treating MI. The mechanisms and functions of CCMM against MI are hormone regulation, anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant stress, and anti-inflammatory. Furthermore, the strong connections between four core components and six key targets were verified using a molecular docking method. Following that, the core components of the CCMM extract were identified using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis. Finally, in vivo experiments demonstrated that CCMM and four core components could improve the density, motility, viability of sperm, lecithin corpuscle density, decrease the rate of sperm malformation and testis tissue damage, and regulate the protein expressions of AKT1, MAPK3/1, EGFR, and TNF-α in a mouse model of MI. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis and in vivo experiments further validated the results of data mining, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. Our study could uncover the components, mechanisms, and functions of TCM prescriptions against MI and develop a new integrative approach to demonstrate TCM’s multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway approach to disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Disease, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhejun Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guimin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Tang, ; Zhenquan Liu,
| | - Zhenquan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Tang, ; Zhenquan Liu,
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17
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Tufvesson K, Catalini L, Fedder J. Semen parameters after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A literature review. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e745. [PMID: 35957971 PMCID: PMC9364074 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is known to affect multiple organs by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors and might therefore affect male fertility. This review aims to collect all original articles on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility, including the duration of time after infection required for these effects to begin to manifest and recommend how clinicians should approach cases with a recent illness. Methods This review was developed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. The search string was applied to four online databases-namely Pubmed, Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane COVID-19 Register-and screened using the online tool Covidence.org. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they were cohort studies involving a healthy male population diagnosed with COVID-19, each of whom had semen samples collected before and after the infection or two different semen samples collected after the diagnosis. Results Nine cohort studies were eventually included. Five articles had pre- and post-COVID-19 data while four had two sets of post-COVID-19 data. The three largest studies found a statistically significant decrease in all semen parameters when waiting less than 3 months from diagnosis before sample collection, and no significant differences in results when the ejaculate was analyzed more than 3 months after recovery. One study compared the COVID-19 patients with a control group and found a significant decrease in semen parameters in the COVID-19 group. Conclusion Spermatogenesis seems to be affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the impact tends to reverse within 3-4 months. It is still unclear why male fertility is affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it might be the result of several different components. Clinicians should consider recent SARS-CoV-2 infection as a possible reason for the low semen quality of patients' semen samples, and might therefore need to collect new samples after 4 months before further treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Tufvesson
- Research Unit of Reproductive Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Centre of Andrology and Fertility ClinicDept. D, Odense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Laura Catalini
- Research Unit of Reproductive Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Centre of Andrology and Fertility ClinicDept. D, Odense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Jens Fedder
- Research Unit of Reproductive Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Centre of Andrology and Fertility ClinicDept. D, Odense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
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18
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Abdolrazaghnejad A, Miraj S. Can Coronavirus Disease 2019 Effect on Human Reproduction? Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:55. [PMID: 35982865 PMCID: PMC9379922 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_236_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the main role in the pathogenesis of the coronavirus is attributed to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) receptor, it could possibly be a hypothesis in the differential sex-based pathogenesis of the coronavirus. The virus inserts its genetic material into the cell through its ACE2 receptors and replicates it by intracellular proteins. ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in cell membranes of various tissues in the body, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, macrophage cells, and especially on the surface of type 2 pneumocytes in the lungs, ovaries, uterus, vagina, placenta, and testes. Therefore, cells having a higher expression of the ACE2 may be a specific target for coronavirus binding and infectivity. Due to the increase of infections in males, concerns have been appeared about the potential impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on their fertility and reproductive organs. Thus, it is necessary to investigate if COVID-19 disturbs female and male fertility, so this review aimed to study the comprehensive evidences on the association of COVID-19 with human reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdolrazaghnejad
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital, Clinical Immunology Research Center at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Miraj
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nekouei-Hedayati-Forghani Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Sepideh Miraj, Associate Professor of Infertility and IVF, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nekouei-Hedayati-Forghani Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. E-mail:
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19
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Mahmood S, Drakeley A, Homburg R, Bambang K. Fertility Preservation in Female Patients with Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:508-513. [PMID: 35491364 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Advances in cancer treatment with resultant dramatic improvements in long-term survival have led to increasing awareness of the wide range of medical and social issues faced by survivors of malignancy. The potential deleterious effects on fertility are a significant worry of women and trans gender men, and the rising trend in delaying childbearing and the higher proportion of patients who have not completed their family at the time of diagnosis increases the demand for an optimised fertility-preservation service. Fertility preservation for this group following a diagnosis of cancer is a rapidly expanding area of reproductive medicine, although provision for such treatment often varies by region. In the past, there were few treatment options, but with dramatic improvements in oocyte cryopreservation and, more recently, ovarian tissue cryopreservation, this area of fertility care has broadened substantially. This review will be exploring areas that apply to all cisgender women, but not necessarily all trans men and non-binary individuals. There are specific considerations in fertility preservation for trans people, which are beyond the scope of this paper. All individuals with female reproductive organs should be offered the opportunity to discuss fertility preservation prior to starting potential gonadotoxic treatment. Failure to do this may negatively influence their anticancer treatment choices and adherence to treatment regimens. There are currently few networks streamlined around offering this service and as demand for these treatment options increases, it is recognised that these complex patients require specialist management within recognised care pathways. Here we are looking to describe some of the unique challenges associated with providing a state-of-the-art service, particularly in a financially unpredictable climate in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mahmood
- Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A Drakeley
- Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Homburg
- Homerton Fertility Centre, Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Bambang
- Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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20
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Naderi M, Soltani SA, Rad AT, Mehrbakhsh Z, Sodagar S, Tahamtan A, Hosseini SS. Recurrent viral RNA positivity and candidiasis findings in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:673-682. [PMID: 35465729 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate reinfection and fungal infections among 785 patients with COVID-19 disease admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital in Northeastern Iran after the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study (20 February-21 July 2020), reinfection and fungal infections among 785 patients were investigated using epidemiological questionnaire, clinical trials, Real-time PCR and CT scan (chest computed tomography) from the hospital HIS (hospital's information system) and collected samples. Results: Reinfection and one oral candidiasis were diagnosed in one 68-year-old man and one 47-year-old man 63 and 42 days after the initial infection, respectively. Conclusion: The research results showed that exposure to COVID-19 may not establish long-term protective immunity to all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Naderi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran.,PhD candidate in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology & Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Soltani
- Master of Health Services Management, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | - Akram Taheri Rad
- Master of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | - Zahra Mehrbakhsh
- PhD candidate in Biostatics, Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Hamedan University of Medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,PhD candidate, Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | - Sina Sodagar
- Basic Sciences, Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | - Alireza Tahamtan
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sedigheh Hosseini
- Basic Sciences, Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran.,Asistant professor, Department of Labratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
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Lee PE, Kozak R, Alavi N, Mbareche H, Kung RC, Murphy KE, Perruzza D, Jarvi S, Salvant E, Ladhani NNN, Yee AJM, Gagnon LH, Jenkinson R, Liu GY. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 contamination in the operating room and birthing room setting: a cross-sectional study. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E450-E459. [PMID: 35609928 PMCID: PMC9259417 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exposure risks to front-line health care workers caring for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection undergoing surgery or obstetric delivery are unclear, and an understanding of sample types that may harbour virus is important for evaluating risk. We sought to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA from patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection undergoing surgery or obstetric delivery was present in the peritoneal cavity of male and female patients, in the female reproductive tract, in the environment of the surgery or delivery suite (surgical instruments or equipment used, air or floors), and inside the masks of the attending health care workers. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study from November 2020 to May 2021 at 2 tertiary academic Toronto hospitals, during urgent surgeries or obstetric deliveries for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in patient, environmental and air samples was identified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Air samples were collected using both active and passive sampling techniques. The primary outcome was the proportion of health care workers' masks positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. We included adult patients with positive RT-PCR nasal swab undergoing obstetric delivery or urgent surgery (from across all surgical specialties). RESULTS A total of 32 patients (age 20-88 yr) were included. Nine patients had obstetric deliveries (6 cesarean deliveries), and 23 patients (14 male) required urgent surgery from the orthopedic or trauma, general surgery, burn, plastic surgery, cardiac surgery, neurosurgery, vascular surgery, gastroenterology and gynecologic oncology divisions. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 20 of 332 (6%) patient and environmental samples collected: 4 of 24 (17%) patient samples, 5 of 60 (8%) floor samples, 1 of 54 (2%) air samples, 10 of 23 (43%) surgical instrument or equipment samples, 0 of 24 cautery filter samples and 0 of 143 (95% confidence interval 0-0.026) inner surface of mask samples. INTERPRETATION During the study period of November 2020 to May 2021, we found evidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a small but important number of samples obtained in the surgical and obstetric operative environment. The finding of no detectable virus inside the masks worn by the health care teams would suggest a low risk of infection for health care workers using appropriate personal protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Lee
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
| | - Robert Kozak
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Nasrin Alavi
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Hamza Mbareche
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Rose C Kung
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Kellie E Murphy
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Darian Perruzza
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Stephanie Jarvi
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Elsa Salvant
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Noor Niyar N Ladhani
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Albert J M Yee
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Louise-Helene Gagnon
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Richard Jenkinson
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Grace Y Liu
- Divisions of Urogynecology and Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (Lee, Kung, Gagnon, Liu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Microbiology (Kozak), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Alavi, Mbareche, Perruzza, Jarvi, Salvant), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Murphy), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System; Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Perruzza, Jarvi); Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (Ladhani), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Surgery (Yee, Jenkinson), Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
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22
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G.R. Q. The Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Reproduction, Sexual Function and Behaviors: A Review of the Main Trends and Findings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2022; 34:351-365. [PMID: 38596275 PMCID: PMC10903693 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2022.2053921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: This review sought to describe the main trends and findings on the SARS-CoV-2 and the pandemic's effect on reproduction (i.e., effects on fertility, reproductive tissue, pregnancy, vertical and sexual transmission) and sexual function and behaviors. Methods: A review was conducted on studies assessing these variables through the Scopus and PubMed databases between the years 2019-2021. Results: Results showed SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and social distancing measures have affected-and in some cases not-different aspects of people's reproductive function, sexual function and behaviors. Conclusions: Suggestions are offered for researchers and professionals focused on future research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quintana G.R.
- Departamento de Psicología y Filosofía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Arica y Parinacota, Chile
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Mirza SA, Sheikh AAE, Barbera M, Ijaz Z, Javaid MA, Shekhar R, Pal S, Sheikh AB. COVID-19 and the Endocrine System: A Review of the Current Information and Misinformation. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:184-197. [PMID: 35314653 PMCID: PMC8938795 DOI: 10.3390/idr14020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection primarily involves the respiratory system but has many noteworthy extra pulmonary manifestations as well. We write this review to highlight the basis of some pathophysiological mechanisms of COVID-19 infection-induced endocrine dysfunction. Different scientific databases and institutional websites were searched to collect and consolidate the most up-to-date data relating to COVID-19 infection and endocrine systems. Hypopituitarism, central diabetes insipidus, SIADH, thyroid abnormalities, hyperglycemia, adrenal insufficiency, orchitis and alteration in sperm morphology have been reported in case reports of patients with COVID-19 infection. Data focusing on COVID-19 vaccination was also searched to summarize the effect, if any, on the endocrine system. Endocrinopathies noted post COVID-19 vaccination, including cases of adrenal hemorrhage, new onset Type II Diabetes Mellitus and subacute thyroiditis, are also discussed in this review. This review calls attention to the misinformation relating to COVID-19 vaccination with supposed endocrine effects such as infertility and problems with pregnancy. Rebutting these misconceptions can help increase compliance and maximize COVID-19 vaccination to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Ahmed Mirza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (S.A.M.); (M.A.J.)
| | - Abdul Ahad Ehsan Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA 18505, USA;
| | - Michaela Barbera
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; (M.B.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Zainab Ijaz
- Department of Psychiatry, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA;
| | - Muhammad Ali Javaid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (S.A.M.); (M.A.J.)
| | - Rahul Shekhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; (M.B.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Suman Pal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; (M.B.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; (M.B.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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A review on corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current progress, clinical features and bioanalytical diagnostic methods. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:103. [PMID: 35157153 PMCID: PMC8852957 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A new epidemic of acute respiratory viral pneumonia was discovered in central China at the end of 2019. The disease was given the name coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the virus that caused this disease was known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). So far, diagnostic methods have been focused on (a) human antibody detection, (b) viral antigen detection and (c) viral gene detection, the latter using RT-PCR being the most accurate approach. In this paper, we present a summary of the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical features and epidemiology and pathogenesis. Also, we focus on the recent advances in bioanalytical diagnostic methods based on various techniques for SARS-CoV-2 sensing that have recently been published (2020–2021). Furthermore, we present the mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages of the most common biosensors for COVID-19 detection, which include optical, electrochemical and piezoelectric biosensors as well as wearable and smart nanobiosensors, immunosensors, aptasensors and genosensors.
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The impact of calcitriol and estradiol on the SARS-CoV-2 biological activity: a molecular modeling approach. Sci Rep 2022; 12:717. [PMID: 35027633 PMCID: PMC8758694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is currently a big concern around the world. Recent reports show that the disease severity and mortality of COVID-19 infected patients may vary from gender to gender with a very high risk of death for seniors. In addition, some steroid structures have been reported to affect coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, function and activity. The entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells depends on the binding of coronavirus spike protein to angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2). Viral main protease is essential for the replication of SARS-CoV-2. It was hypothesized that steroid molecules (e.g., estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, prednisone and calcitriol) could occupy the active site of the protease and could alter the interaction of spike protein with ACE2. Computational data showed that estradiol interacted more strongly with the main protease active site. In the presence of calcitriol, the binding energy of the spike protein to ACE2 was increased, and transferring Apo to Locked S conformer of spike trimer was facilitated. Together, the interaction between spike protein and ACE2 can be disrupted by calcitriol. Potential use of estradiol and calcitriol to reduce virus invasion and replication needs clinical investigation.
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Miyah Y, Benjelloun M, Lairini S, Lahrichi A. COVID-19 Impact on Public Health, Environment, Human Psychology, Global Socioeconomy, and Education. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:5578284. [PMID: 35069037 PMCID: PMC8767375 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5578284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The end of the year 2019 was marked by the introduction of a third highly pathogenic coronavirus, after SARS-CoV (2003) and MERS-CoV (2012), in the human population which was officially declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Indeed, the pandemic of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 19) has evolved at an unprecedented rate: after its emergence in Wuhan, the capital of the province of Hubei of the People's Republic of China, in December 2019, the total number of confirmed cases did not cease growing very quickly in the world. In this manuscript, we have provided an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on health, and we have proposed different nutrients suitable for infected patients to boost their immune systems. On the other hand, we have described the advantages and disadvantages of COVID-19 on the environment including the quality of water, air, waste management, and energy consumption, as well as the impact of this pandemic on human psychology, the educational system, and the global economy. In addition, we have tried to come up with some solutions to counter the negative repercussions of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Miyah
- Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Catalysis, and Environment, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, School of Technology, Post Office Box 2427, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Benjelloun
- Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Catalysis, and Environment, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, School of Technology, Post Office Box 2427, Fez, Morocco
| | - Sanae Lairini
- Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Catalysis, and Environment, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, School of Technology, Post Office Box 2427, Fez, Morocco
| | - Anissa Lahrichi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
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Săndulescu MS, Văduva CC, Siminel MA, Dijmărescu AL, Vrabie SC, Camen IV, Tache DE, Neamţu SD, Nagy RD, Carp-Velişcu A, Manolea MM. Impact of COVID-19 on fertility and assisted reproductive technology (ART): a systematic review. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2022; 63:503-510. [PMID: 36588488 PMCID: PMC9926143 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.63.3.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a major obstacle for the performing of current medical activities throughout the world. COVID-19 has affected humanity in many ways, thus causing a great medical, social, economic, and political instability. The aim of this study was to make an analysis of the scientific data obtained by so far to highlight the impact that COVID-19 has had on fertility and assisted reproductive technology (ART). Infection with SARS-CoV-2 alters the normal immune response by local and systemic damage to tissues and organs. After the virus enters the body, the first lesions are produced in the respiratory tract. Extrapulmonary lesions specific to COVID-19 include acute renal lesions/acute kidney damage, hepatocellular lesions, neurological diseases, myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmia, gastrointestinal diseases but also genital impairment. The possible impairment of the male reproductive system is because angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors are in an increased number in the testes, seminiferous duct cells, spermatogonia, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. Many published studies to date have pointed out that COVID-19 could also affect female fertility and disrupt the functions of the female reproductive system. The theory that this virus can also be transmitted sexually and can cause infertility or testicular damage is supported by the fact that the virus can be isolated in the semen of COVID-19 patients but only during the disease. Choosing the best method of treating infertility during the COVID-19 pandemic is multifactorial, but the risk of infection and compliance with specific ART hygiene protocols must always be considered. Currently, there is no scientific basis regarding the fact that the COVID-19 vaccination would influence fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sidonia Săndulescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Constantin-Cristian Văduva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Municipal Hospital, Craiova, Romania
| | - Mirela Anişoara Siminel
- Department of Neonatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania , Department of Neonatology, Filantropia Municipal Hospital, Craiova, Romania
| | - Anda Lorena Dijmărescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Municipal Hospital, Craiova, Romania
| | - Sidonia Cătălina Vrabie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Municipal Hospital, Craiova, Romania
| | - Ioana Victoria Camen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Municipal Hospital, Craiova, Romania , PhD Student, Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Elise Tache
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Simona Daniela Neamţu
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Rodica Daniela Nagy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency County Hospital, Craiova, Romania
| | - Andreea Carp-Velişcu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania , Department of In Vitro Fertilization, Prof. Dr. Panait Sîrbu Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Magdalena Manolea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Municipal Hospital, Craiova, Romania
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Jin SV, Ryu E. "The greedy I that gives"-The paradox of egocentrism and altruism: Terror management and system justification perspectives on the interrelationship between mortality salience and charitable donations amid the COVID-19 pandemic. THE JOURNAL OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS 2022; 56:414-448. [PMID: 34226753 PMCID: PMC8242723 DOI: 10.1111/joca.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Why do people give and help others in face of their own mortality salience? The existential struggle with the awareness of death impacts the gamut of human cognition, emotion, and behavior. This multi-method research (∑N = 1,219) explains the psychosocial impact of COVID-19-related mortality salience on altruism. Drawing from terror management theory, two studies tested death-thought accessibility, mortality salience, and anxiety buffer hypotheses. Study 1 (cross-sectional survey), using structural equation modeling, confirms death anxiety and fear are predictors of powerlessness and materialism which, in turn, predict charitable donations. Study 2 (between-subjects experiment) confirms the causal effects of COVID-19-induced mortality salience on altruism. Controlling income and socioeconomic status, people in the mortality salience treatment condition indicate greater monetary donations ($), ratio of prosocial (altruistic) to proself (egocentric) spending (%), donation of time (hour), monetary valuation of time (hourly rate = $/hour), and economic value of donated time (hourly rate*hour) than the controls. These effects are mediated by powerlessness. Moderating effects of relevant individual difference factors are significant: the greedier, more selfish, narcissistic, materialistic, and system-justifying the donor is, the higher monetary donations, volunteer time, and perceived value of donated time are, only when the COVID-19-induced mortality is made salient but not in the controls. Environmental and dispositional factors jointly influence vulnerability to mortality salience. The paradox of egocentrism and altruism, as an evolutionarily adaptive protective buffer against existential insecurity for social and cultural animals, can help revitalize resilience, thus shedding some lights on the sociopsychological mechanism of consumers' subjective well-being. Implications for consumer affairs, social marketers, and policymakers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Venus Jin
- NU‐Q Communication DepartmentNorthwestern University in QatarEducation CityDohaQatar
| | - Ehri Ryu
- Department of PsychologyBoston CollegeChestnut HillMassachusettsUSA
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Ferreira G, Blasina F, Rodríguez Rey M, Anesetti G, Sapiro R, Chavarría L, Cardozo R, Rey G, Sobrevia L, Nicolson GL. Pathophysiological and molecular considerations of viral and bacterial infections during maternal-fetal and -neonatal interactions of SARS-CoV-2, Zika, and Mycoplasma infectious diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166285. [PMID: 34624499 PMCID: PMC8492386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, a series of physiological changes are determined at the molecular, cellular and macroscopic level that make the mother and fetus more susceptible to certain viral and bacterial infections, especially the infections in this and the companion review. Particular situations increase susceptibility to infection in neonates. The enhanced susceptibility to certain infections increases the risk of developing particular diseases that can progress to become morbidly severe. For example, during the current pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, epidemiological studies have established that pregnant women with COVID-19 disease are more likely to be hospitalized. However, the risk for intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation is not increased compared with nonpregnant women. Although much remains unknown with this particular infection, the elevated risk of progression during pregnancy towards more severe manifestations of COVID-19 disease is not associated with an increased risk of death. In addition, the epidemiological data available in neonates suggest that their risk of acquiring COVID-19 is low compared with infants (<12 months of age). However, they might be at higher risk for progression to severe COVID-19 disease compared with older children. The data on clinical presentation and disease severity among neonates are limited and based on case reports and small case series. It is well documented the importance of the Zika virus infection as the main cause of several congenital anomalies and birth defects such as microcephaly, and also adverse pregnancy outcomes. Mycoplasma infections also increase adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review will focus on the molecular, pathophysiological and biophysical characteristics of the mother/placental-fetal/neonatal interactions and the possible mechanisms of these pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, ZIKV, and Mycoplasmas) for promoting disease at this level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ferreira
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Dept. of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay,Corresponding author
| | - Fernanda Blasina
- Dept. of Neonatology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marianela Rodríguez Rey
- Dept. of Neonatology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gabriel Anesetti
- Dept. of Histology and Development, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rosana Sapiro
- Dept. of Histology and Development, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Luisina Chavarría
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Dept. of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Romina Cardozo
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Dept. of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Grazzia Rey
- Dept. of Clinical Ginecology and Obstetrics B, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41012, Spain,Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Garth L. Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA, USA
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Changizi N, Raeisi A, Barekati H, Farahani Z, Farrokhzad N, Sahebi L, Charousaei H, Aghazadeh Attari M. Pharmacological management of COVID-19 in pregnancy. ADVANCES IN HUMAN BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_86_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Lee D. The impact of COVID-19 on human reproduction and directions for fertility treatment during the pandemic. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2021; 48:273-282. [PMID: 34875734 PMCID: PMC8651760 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2021.04504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly, resulting in a pandemic. The virus enters host cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2). These enzymes are widely expressed in reproductive organs; hence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could also impact human reproduction. Current evidence suggests that sperm cells may provide an inadequate environment for the virus to penetrate and spread. Oocytes within antral follicles are surrounded by cumulus cells, which rarely express ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Thus, the possibility of transmission of the virus through sexual intercourse and assisted reproductive techniques seems unlikely. Early human embryos express coronavirus entry receptors and proteases, implying that human embryos are potentially vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 in the early stages of development. Data on the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the human endometrium are sparse. Moreover, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 directly affects the embryo and its implantation. A study of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy showed an increase in preterm delivery. Thus, vertical transmission of the virus from mother to fetus in the third trimester is possible, and further data on human reproduction are required to establish this possibility. Based on analyses of existing data, major organizations in this field have published guidelines on the treatment of infertility. Regarding these guidelines, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, reproductive treatment is crucial for the well-being of society and must be continued under suitable regulations and good standard laboratory practice protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Sperm quality and absence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in semen after COVID-19 infection: a prospective, observational study and validation of the SpermCOVID test. Fertil Steril 2021; 117:287-296. [PMID: 34937665 PMCID: PMC8685303 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the contagiousness of sperm and its influence on fertility after recovery from COVID-19 infection. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting University medical center. Patient(s) One hundred twenty Belgian men who had recovered from proven COVID-19 infection. Intervention(s) No intervention was performed. Main outcome measure(s) Semen quality was assessed using the World Health Organisation criteria. DNA damage to sperm cells was assessed by quantifying the DNA fragmentation index and the high density stainability. Finally antibodies against SARS-CoV2 spike-1 antigen, nuclear and S1-receptor binding domain were measured by Elisa and chemilumenscent microparticle immunoassays, respectively. Result(s) SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in semen during the period shortly after infection nor at a later time. Mean progressive motility was reduced in 60% of men tested shortly (<1 month) after COVID-19 infection, 37% of men tested 1 to 2 months after COVID-19 infection, and 28% of men tested >2 months after COVID-19 infection. Mean sperm count was reduced in 37% of men tested shortly (<1 month) after COVID-19 infection, 29% of men tested 1 to 2 months after COVID-19 infection, and 6% of men tested >2 months after COVID-19 infection. The severity of COVID-19 infection and the presence of fever were not correlated with sperm characteristics, but there were strong correlations between sperm abnormalities and the titers of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody against spike 1 and the receptor- binding domain of spike 1, but not against nucleotide, in serum. High levels of antisperm antibodies developed in three men (2.5%). Conclusion(s) Semen is not infectious with SARS-CoV-2 at 1 week or more after COVID-19 infection (mean, 53 days). However, couples with a desire for pregnancy should be warned that sperm quality after COVID-19 infection can be suboptimal. The estimated recovery time is 3 months, but further follow-up studies are under way to confirm this and to determine if permanent damage occurred in a minority of men.
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High cryo-resistance of SARS-CoV-2 virus: Increased risk of re-contamination at transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue after COVID-19 pandemic. Cryobiology 2021; 103:1-6. [PMID: 34571024 PMCID: PMC8463116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation and re-transplantation of ovarian tissue after anticancer treatment is important medical technology. Today, during a pandemic, the risk of contamination of transplanted cells with SARS-CoV-2 virus is extremely high. Data about cryo-resistance (virulence and/or infectivity) of SARS-CoV-2 are limited. Analysis and systematization of literature data allow us to draw the following conclusions: 1) The cytoplasmic membrane of somatic cell, like envelope of corona viruses, consists of lipid bilayer and this membrane, like envelope of corona virus, contains membrane proteins. Thus, we can consider the cytoplasmic membrane of an ordinary somatic cell as a model of the envelope membrane of SARS-CoV-2. It is expected that the response of the virus to cryopreservation is similar to that of a somatic cell. SARS-CoV-2 is more poor-water and more protein-rich than somatic cell, and this virus is much more cryo-resistant. 2) The exposure of somatic cells at low positive temperatures increases a viability of these cells. The safety of the virus is also in direct proportion to the decrease in temperature: the positive effect of low temperatures on SARS-CoV-2 virus has been experimentally proven. 3) Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 to cryoprotectant-free cryopreservation is extremely high. The high viability rate of SARS-CoV-2 after freezing-drying confirms its high cryo-resistance. 4) The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissues that have been contaminated with this virus, increases significantly. Our own experimental data on the increase in the viability of cancer cells after cryopreservation allow us to formulate a hypothesis about increasing of viability (virulence and/or infectivity) of SARS-CoV-2 virus after cryopreservation.
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Kallumadyil AMT, McClenahan T, De Filippis S, Vungarala A, Satyadev N, Waters RS, Kulkarni AL. Perspectives into the possible effects of the B.1.1.7 variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on spermatogenesis. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:9-12. [PMID: 34837491 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
B.1.1.7 is a recently discovered variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated with increased transmissibility. Recent findings indicate that this variant has a propensity to infect adolescents and children at higher rates than adults. The virus gains entry into various body cells utilizing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) and basigin (CD147) as receptors. The virus mainly affects type II pneumocytes of lungs, endothelial cells, enterocytes, and renal tubular cells. It is reported to affect testes, causing testicular pain, and producing histopathological changes, as observed in some autopsies. The B.1.1.7 variant can also affect various cells in the testes. This raises a major concern regarding the long-term effects of the viral infection on spermatogenesis and highlights the pressing need for a robust database of serum samples from infected male children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tess McClenahan
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Camps, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Samantha De Filippis
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Camps, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Ananya Vungarala
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Camps, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Nihal Satyadev
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Camps, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Robert S Waters
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anand L Kulkarni
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Camps, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
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An Expert System for COVID-19 Infection Tracking in Lungs Using Image Processing and Deep Learning Techniques. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1896762. [PMID: 34782860 PMCID: PMC8590595 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1896762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The proposed method introduces algorithms for the preprocessing of normal, COVID-19, and pneumonia X-ray lung images which promote the accuracy of classification when compared with raw (unprocessed) X-ray lung images. Preprocessing of an image improves the quality of an image increasing the intersection over union scores in segmentation of lungs from the X-ray images. The authors have implemented an efficient preprocessing and classification technique for respiratory disease detection. In this proposed method, the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) algorithm, Haar transform (Haar), and local binary pattern (LBP) algorithm were applied on lung X-ray images to extract the best features and segment the left lung and right lung. The segmentation of lungs from the X-ray can improve the accuracy of results in COVID-19 detection algorithms or any machine/deep learning techniques. The segmented lungs are validated over intersection over union scores to compare the algorithms. The preprocessed X-ray image results in better accuracy in classification for all three classes (normal/COVID-19/pneumonia) than unprocessed raw images. VGGNet, AlexNet, Resnet, and the proposed deep neural network were implemented for the classification of respiratory diseases. Among these architectures, the proposed deep neural network outperformed the other models with better classification accuracy.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review To review the effects of early-life, preconception, and prior-generation exposures on reproductive health in women. Recent Findings Women’s early-life factors can affect reproductive health by contributing to health status or exposure level on entering pregnancy. Alternately, they can have permanent effects, regardless of later-life experience. Nutrition, social class, parental smoking, other adverse childhood experiences, environmental pollutants, infectious agents, and racism and discrimination all affect reproductive health, even if experienced in childhood or in utero. Possible transgenerational effects are now being investigated through three- or more-generation studies. These effects occur with mechanisms that may include direct exposure, behavioral, endocrine, inflammatory, and epigenetic pathways. Summary Pregnancy is increasingly understood in a life course perspective, but rigorously testing hypotheses on early-life effects is still difficult. In order to improve the health outcomes of all women, we need to expand our toolkit of methods and theory. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40471-021-00279-0.
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Markert UR, Szekeres-Bartho J, Schleußner E. Adverse effects on female fertility from vaccination against COVID-19 unlikely. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 148:103428. [PMID: 34601377 PMCID: PMC8453778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This opinion paper briefly presents arguments that support the unlikelihood of an impact on female fertility from current covid-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo R Markert
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | | | - Ekkehard Schleußner
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
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Delamuta LC, Monteleone PA, Ferreira-Filho ES, Heinrich-Oliveira V, Soares-Júnior JM, Baracat EC, Maciel GA. Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Human Reproduction: A Changing Perspective. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e3032. [PMID: 34495081 PMCID: PMC8395373 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e3032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus disease 2019 has had a wide range of effects on human health. This paper summarizes the data related to the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction. Both the male and female reproductive tract express high levels of receptors and proteins needed for viral cell entry. There is presently no evidence that gametes are affected by the infection. Male fertility may be temporarily reduced due to inflammatory responses following infection. The endometrium is highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 cell entry; however, it remains unclear whether this could alter receptivity and embryo implantation. Menstrual cycle changes were reported in women who experienced severe infection; however, they tended to be reversible. For couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment, the pandemic led to a significant psychological burden, with changes in lifestyle that could directly affect the success of the treatment. Human reproduction societies recommend screening all patients prior to cycle initiation and avoiding treatment of women with severe comorbidities until the pandemic is under control. Finally, for pregnant women, it is expected that the infection is more severe in women in the third trimester and in those with comorbidities. Those who are symptomatic for SARS-CoV-2 are more likely to have increased rates of prematurity and intrapartum fetal distress than those who are asymptomatic. Vertical transmission cannot be completely ruled out, but neonatal infection rates are low. Vaccination appears to be safe and is indicated for use in pregnant and lactating women because the benefits outweigh the risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo A.R. Maciel
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetricia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
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Dotan A, Kanduc D, Muller S, Makatsariya A, Shoenfeld Y. Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and the female reproductive system. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13494. [PMID: 34407240 PMCID: PMC8420155 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oogenesis, the process of egg production by the ovary, involves a complex differentiation program leading to the production of functional oocytes. This process comprises a sequential pathway of steps that are finely regulated. The question related to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and fertility has been evoked for several reasons, including the mechanism of molecular mimicry, which may contribute to female infertility by leading to the generation of deleterious autoantibodies, possibly contributing to the onset of an autoimmune disease in infected patients. Objective The immunological potential of the peptides shared between SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein and oogenesis‐related proteins; Thus we planned a systematic study to improve our understanding of the possible effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on female fertility using the angle of molecular mimicry as a starting point. Methods A library of 82 human proteins linked to oogenesis was assembled at random from UniProtKB database using oogenesis, uterine receptivity, decidualization, and placentation as a key words. For the analyses, an artificial polyprotein was built by joining the 82 a sequences of the oogenesis‐associated proteins. These were analyzed by searching the Immune Epitope DataBase for immunoreactive SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein epitopes hosting the shared pentapeptides. Results SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein was found to share 41 minimal immune determinants, that is, pentapeptides, with 27 human proteins that relate to oogenesis, uterine receptivity, decidualization, and placentation. All the shared pentapeptides that we identified, with the exception of four, are also present in SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein–derived epitopes that have been experimentally validated as immunoreactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arad Dotan
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Darja Kanduc
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Sylviane Muller
- CNRS-Strasbourg University Unit Biotechnology and Cell signaling/ Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, France.,Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,President of Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Setti PEL, Cirillo F, Immediata V, Morenghi E, Canevisio V, Ronchetti C, Baggiani A, Albani E, Patrizio P. First trimester pregnancy outcomes in a large IVF center from the Lombardy County (Italy) during the peak COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16529. [PMID: 34400730 PMCID: PMC8368203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
At the beginning of 2020, the Italian Lombardy region was hit by an "epidemic tsunami" which was, at that point in time, one of the worst pandemics ever. At that moment the effects of SARS-COV 2 were still unknown. To evaluate whether the pandemic has influenced ART (Assisted Reproduction Techniques) outcomes in an asymptomatic infertile population treated at one of the major COVID-19 epicentres during the weeks immediately preceding lockdown. All ART procedures performed during two time periods were compared: November 1st, 2018 to February 28th, 2019 (non-COVID-19 risk) and November 1st, 2019 to February 29th, 2020 (COVID-19 risk). In total 1749 fresh cycles (883 non-COVID-19 risk and 866 COVID-19 risk) and1166 embryos and 63 oocytes warming cycles (538 and 37 during non-COVID and 628 and 26 during COVID-19 risk, respectively) were analysed. Clinical pregnancies per cycle were not different: 370 (25.38%) in non-COVID versus 415 (27.30%) (p = 0.237) during COVID-19 risk. There were no differences in biochemical pregnancy rates 52 (3.57%) versus 38 (2.50%) (p = 0.089) nor in ectopic pregnancies 4 (1.08%) versus 3 (0.72%) (p = 0.594), spontaneous miscarriages 84 (22.70%) versus 103 (24.82%) p = 0.487, nor in intrauterine ongoing pregnancies 282 (76.22%) versus 309 (74.46%) p = 0.569. A multivariate analysis investigating differences in spontaneous miscarriage rate showed no differences between the two timeframes. Our results support no differences in asymptomatic infertile couples' ART outcomes between the pre COVID and COVID-19 periods in one of the earliest and most severe pandemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Levi- Setti
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
| | - F Cirillo
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - V Immediata
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Morenghi
- Biostatistics Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - V Canevisio
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Ronchetti
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Baggiani
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Albani
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - P Patrizio
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Sahoo MM. Significance between air pollutants, meteorological factors, and COVID-19 infections: probable evidences in India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:40474-40495. [PMID: 33638789 PMCID: PMC7912974 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12709-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease represents the causative agent with a potentially fatal risk which is having great global human health concern. Earlier studies suggested that air pollutants and meteorological factors were considered as the risk factors for acute respiratory infection, which carries harmful pathogens and affects the immunity. The study intended to explore the correlation between air pollutants, meteorological factors, and the daily reported infected cases caused by novel coronavirus in India. The daily positive infected cases, concentrations of air pollutants, and meteorological factors in 288 districts were collected from January 30, 2020, to April 23, 2020, in India. Spearman's correlation and generalized additive model (GAM) were applied to investigate the correlations of four air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2) and eight meteorological factors (Temp, DTR, RH, AH, AP, RF, WS, and WD) with COVID-19-infected cases. The study indicated that a 10 μg/m3 increase during (Lag0-14) in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 resulted in 2.21% (95%CI: 1.13 to 3.29), 2.67% (95% CI: 0.33 to 5.01), and 4.56 (95% CI: 2.22 to 6.90) increase in daily counts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19)-infected cases respectively. However, only 1 unit increase in meteorological factor levels in case of daily mean temperature and DTR during (Lag0-14) associated with 3.78% (95%CI: 1.81 to 5.75) and 1.82% (95% CI: -1.74 to 5.38) rise of COVID-19-infected cases respectively. In addition, SO2 and relative humidity were negatively associated with COVID-19-infected cases at Lag0-14 with decrease of 7.23% (95% CI: -10.99 to -3.47) and 1.11% (95% CI: -3.45 to 1.23) for SO2 and for relative humidity respectively. The study recommended that there are significant correlations between air pollutants and meteorological factors with COVID-19-infected cases, which substantially explain the effect of national lockdown and suggested positive implications for control and prevention of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunmayee Manjari Sahoo
- Domain of Environmental and Water Resources Engg, SCE, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
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Mosleh H, Moradi F, Mehdizadeh M, Ajdary M, Moeinzadeh A, Shabani R. Health concerns regarding the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on male fertility. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2021; 48:189-193. [PMID: 34352169 PMCID: PMC8421655 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2021.04378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus found in China in 2019. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been found to be closely related to the cells that secrete angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 is involved in the renin-angiotensin system and is widely secreted in several tissues, including the testis, which has raised concerns because organs with high expression of the ACE2 receptor are susceptible to infection. Analyses have shown that in testicular cells, such as spermatogonia, seminiferous duct cells, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells, there is a high expression level of ACE2. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 may damage male reproductive tissues and cause infertility. Since male infertility is an important problem, scientists are evaluating whether COVID-19 may influence male infertility through the ACE2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Mosleh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Ajdary
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alaa Moeinzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Shabani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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COVID-19 and male reproductive system: pathogenic features and possible mechanisms. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:869-878. [PMID: 34232425 PMCID: PMC8260577 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiorgan dysfunction is the main characteristic of severe COVID-19 patients and the involvement of male reproductive system may occur among these patients. Although there is a limited evidence to confirm the orchitis and virus presence in the semen of patients, there are concerns about the transmission of virus through the semen. In addition, reduced fertility or infertility can be seen as consequences of severe COVID-19 in recovered subjects. In this study, we aimed to review articles related to COVID-19 and male reproductive system to find the possible underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in affecting male fertility. The following keywords of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, testis, orchitis, semen, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis, Hypothalamus, etc., were defined to find the related publications from standard search engines, e.g., PUBMED, SCOPUS, Google Scholar. According to studies, COVID-19 occurs in severe patients as respiratory disease, along with multi-organ failure. The most important mechanisms are classified as direct and indirect pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. The presence of ACE2 on the cell surface of various cells in testis increases the risk of direct infection by this virus. SARS-CoV-2 also affects the testis through the cytokine storm. In addition, the important role of HPT axis dysregulation through impaired Leydig cells and hypothalamus should be considered. Using antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy can be harmful for testis function. Further investigations are required to investigate potential mechanisms of male infertility in survivals of COVID-19. Since involvement of testis is essential for fertility, increasing the knowledge of health system may improve the outcomes.
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Moshrefi M, Ghasemi-Esmailabad S, Ali J, Findikli N, Mangoli E, Khalili MA. The probable destructive mechanisms behind COVID-19 on male reproduction system and fertility. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:1691-1708. [PMID: 33977466 PMCID: PMC8112744 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to summarize the current understanding of probable mechanisms and claims of adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 on male fertility potential. METHODS Our search was including original articles, reviews, guidelines, letters to the editor, comments on guidelines, and editorials, regarding the male reproductive system. We used the words SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, "2019 ncov," testis, sperm, male factor infertility, fertility treatment, semen, assisted reproductive technology (ART), sexual transmission, and ACE2. RESULTS Data showed coronavirus affects men more than women because of more expression of 2019 nCoV receptors (ACE2 and TMPRSS2) in testicular cells. Also, "Bioinformatics Analysis" suggests that sperm production may be damaged, since "Pseudo Time Analysis" has shown disruption in spermatogenesis. "Gene Ontology" (GO) showed an increase in viral reproduction and a decrease in sperm production-related terms. Recently, SARS-COV-2 mRNA and protein were detected in the semen of patients that had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, the probable disruption of blood-testis barrier (BTB) in febrile diseases is suspected in the acute phase of the disease enabling viral entry into the testes. Not only is spermatogenesis disturbed, but also disturbs gonadotropin, androgens, and testosterone secretion during SARS-CoV-2 infection. No sexual transmission has been reported yet; however, detection of the virus in semen still makes the sexual transmission an open question. CONCLUSION There is a concern that male fertility may be disturbed after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, follow-up of the reproductive functions and male fertility may be necessary in recovered cases, especially in aged men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Moshrefi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Jaffar Ali
- Synbios Media, www.synbiosmedia.com, P.O. Box 02042, GPO, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Necati Findikli
- Bahceci Fulya Assisted Reproduction Center, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Bioengineering, Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esmat Mangoli
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Ciapponi A, Bardach A, Comandé D, Berrueta M, Argento FJ, Rodriguez Cairoli F, Zamora N, Santa María V, Xiong X, Zaraa S, Mazzoni A, Buekens P. COVID-19 and pregnancy: An umbrella review of clinical presentation, vertical transmission, and maternal and perinatal outcomes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253974. [PMID: 34185807 PMCID: PMC8241118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted an overview of systematic reviews (SRs) summarizing the best evidence regarding the effect of COVID-19 on maternal and child health following Cochrane methods and PRISMA statement for reporting (PROSPERO-CRD42020208783). METHODS We searched literature databases and COVID-19 research websites from January to October 2020. We selected relevant SRs reporting adequate search strategy, data synthesis, risk of bias assessment, and/or individual description of included studies describing COVID-19 and pregnancy outcomes. Pair of reviewers independently selected studies through COVIDENCE web-software, performed the data extraction, and assessed its quality through the AMSTAR-2 tool. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Each SR's results were synthesized and for the most recent, relevant, comprehensive, and with the highest quality, by predefined criteria, we presented GRADE evidence tables. RESULTS We included 66 SRs of observational studies out of 608 references retrieved and most (61/66) had "critically low" overall quality. We found a relatively low degree of primary study overlap across SRs. The most frequent COVID-19 clinical findings during pregnancy were fever (28-100%), mild respiratory symptoms (20-79%), raised C-reactive protein (28-96%), lymphopenia (34-80%), and pneumonia signs in diagnostic imaging (7-99%). The most frequent maternal outcomes were C-section (23-96%) and preterm delivery (14-64%). Most of their babies were asymptomatic (16-93%) or presented fever (0-50%), low birth weight (5-43%) or preterm delivery (2-69%). The odds ratio (OR) of receiving invasive ventilation for COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 pregnant women was 1.88 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.36-2.60) and the OR that their babies were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit was 3.13 (95%CI 2.05-4.78). The risk of congenital transmission or via breast milk was estimated to be low, but close contacts may carry risks. CONCLUSION This comprehensive overview supports that pregnant women with COVID-19 may be at increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes and low risk of congenital transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Ciapponi
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Bardach
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Comandé
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mabel Berrueta
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando J. Argento
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Natalia Zamora
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Santa María
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xu Xiong
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Sabra Zaraa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Agustina Mazzoni
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pierre Buekens
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
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Bhattacharya K, Mukhopadhyay LD, Goswami R, Dutta S, Sengupta P, Irez T, Hamid HA, Syamal AK. SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2021; 26:18. [PMID: 34177252 PMCID: PMC8215312 DOI: 10.1186/s43043-021-00063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has turned into a global pandemic with multitudinous health impacts. Main body In light of the higher vulnerability of men to COVID-19 than women, there is rising concerns on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility and possibilities of seminal contamination and transmission. The pandemic has attributed to the brief suspension of many fertility clinics and pathology laboratories, though many remained functional. Few reports reflect that SARS-CoV-2 can contaminate the semen of COVID-19 patients as well as that of recovering patients. The viral invasion into the testis may be due to the disrupted anatomical barriers of the testis by the inflammatory responses, and the persistence of the virus in the semen may be facilitated by the testicular immune privilege. Since SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped RNA virus, it is also theoretically possible that this virus can remain viable in the semen samples even after cryopreservation with liquid nitrogen. Conclusion The present review emphasizes the possibilities of seminal dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 and thereby the chances of its sexual transmission. These perceptions and predictions are to facilitate immediate necessary actions to improvise the standard precautionary procedures for laboratory practices, including semen analysis or processing the semen sample for fertility treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Bhattacharya
- Department of Physiology, Rungta College of Dental Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh India
| | - Lipika Das Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KPC Medical College, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Ratnadeep Goswami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Matrisadan Hospital, & ILS Hospital, Dumdum, Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Tulay Irez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Habibah Abdul Hamid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Alak Kumar Syamal
- Post Graduate Department of Physiology, Hooghly Mohsin College, University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal India
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Raghav PK, Kalyanaraman K, Kumar D. Human cell receptors: potential drug targets to combat COVID-19. Amino Acids 2021; 53:813-842. [PMID: 33950300 PMCID: PMC8097256 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02991-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced that COVID-19 is a pandemic having a higher spread rate rather than the mortality. Identification of a potential approach or therapy against COVID-19 is still under consideration. Therefore, it is essential to have an insight into SARS-CoV-2, its interacting partner, and domains for an effective treatment. The present study is divided into three main categories, including SARS-CoV-2 prominent receptor and its expression levels, other interacting partners, and their binding domains. The first section focuses primarily on coronaviruses' general aspects (SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses (MERS-CoV)) their structures, similarities, and mode of infections. The second section discusses the host receptors which includes the human targets of coronaviruses like dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), CD147, CD209L, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), and other miscellaneous targets (type-II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs), furin, trypsin, cathepsins, thermolysin, elastase, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase, two-pore segment channel, and epithelium sodium channel C-α subunit). The human cell receptor, ACE2 plays an essential role in the Renin-Angiotensin system (RAS) pathway and COVID-19. Thus, this section also discusses the ACE2 expression and risk of COVID-19 infectivity in various organs and tissues such as the liver, lungs, intestine, heart, and reproductive system in the human body. Absence of ACE2 protein expression in immune cells could be used for limiting the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The third section covers the current available approaches for COVID-19 treatment. Overall, this review focuses on the critical role of human cell receptors involved in coronavirus pathogenesis, which would likely be used in designing target-specific drugs to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keerthana Kalyanaraman
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention & Research, Noida, 201301, India.
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Abstract
The novel SARS-CoV-2 has spread to virtually all countries of the world infecting millions of people, the medical burden of this disease obviously being enormous. The gonads of both sexes are among the organs that may be affected by COVID-19 and/or may affect the severity of the disease. The clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection clearly differs between genders. The current evidence indicates that the underlying mechanism of such an interaction could be associated with genetic, hormonal, and immunological differences, as well as with gender differences in such habits as smoking and alcohol use. On the other hand, there are controversies as to how and to what extent the gonads could be affected by COVID-19, possibly impacting upon sex steroids, fertility, and other functions. This review underlines the possible mechanisms that could clarify these questions concerning COVID-19 and the gonads. In addition, reference is made to potential new treatment modalities presently under investigation, these supported by accumulating data published in the recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alev Selek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Metin Güçlü
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Şinasi Erol Bolu
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Memorial Atasehir Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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49
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Carneiro Gomes PR, Rodrigues da Rocha MD, da Rocha Coelho FA, Sousa Pinho de Lira JA, de Sousa Carmo RR, Silva Nascimento HM, Marques de Oliveira S, Rodrigues da Silva W, Galdino Medeiros R, Pereira Alves EH, Dos Santos Carvalho A, Pereira Vasconcelos DF. Alterations of the male and female reproductive systems induced by COVID-19. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2021; 133:966-972. [PMID: 34047837 PMCID: PMC8160423 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-021-01875-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A variety of pneumonia cases of unknown cause emerged in China in December 2019. A new virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Within a few days, COVID-19 became a pandemic disease. This review aimed to investigate the possible implications of COVID-19 for human reproductive systems, as in previous studies ACE2 was highly expressed in some organs of these systems, such as the testicles. A total of 41 publications were found in the specialized databases and, after selection, 7 articles were used to build this study. Our results showed that the fever caused by COVID-19 has a negative effect on spermatogenesis, there is high expression of ACE2 in the testicles and in the uterine tubes and there is a higher level of transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which is also responsible for the entry of the virus into the cell. Moreover, it was noted that there was viral genetic material in the semen and an increase in the serum concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH) in men and women, which could cause hypogonadism. Thus, we conclude that there is the possibility of infection and malfunction in the reproductive organs as well as the plausibility of sexual transmission of this disease. Further analysis must be carried out to prove the effects of COVID-19 on the human reproductive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wesley Rodrigues da Silva
- Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of Parnaiba Delta (UFDPar), Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil. .,Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
| | - Rebeca Galdino Medeiros
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Parnaiba Delta (UFDPar), Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - André Dos Santos Carvalho
- Laboratory of Histological Analysis and Preparation (LAPHis), Federal University of Parnaiba Delta (UFDPar), Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil
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50
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Yang M, Wang J, Chen Y, Kong S, Qiao J. Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:695-704. [PMID: 34003284 PMCID: PMC8194633 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacts human health and life on multiple levels. People infected with SARS-CoV-2 suffer from physical disorders and psychological distress. At present, no direct evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 negatively influences human reproduction, and the possibility that gametes and embryos are affected requires further investigation. To evaluate the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction and fetal health, this review summarizes the basic and clinical research of SARS-CoV-2 on reproduction up to date, hoping to offer guidance and advice to people at reproductive age and provide clues for the prevention and treatment of associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yidong Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Siming Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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