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Derbak L, Badalamenti N, Rebbas K, Hamdi B, Bruno M. The chemical composition of the aerial parts' essential oil of Limonium lobatum (L.f.) Chaz. growing wild in Algeria. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38623825 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2342001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The Limonium genus (Plumbaginaceae) includes several species of perennial herbs and shrubs belonging to a particular type of halophytes, known as 'recretohalophytes'. Limonium species are widely distributed in the Mediterranean region, mainly in the North-Eastern and Southern countries and several bioactivities have been well documented. In the present study, the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) of the aerial parts of Limonium lobatum (L.f.) Chaz., a species never chemically previously studied and collected in Algeria, which grows in South Spain, North Africa, and SW Asia, was analysed using GC-MS. The main constituents of the EO were monoterpenes involving eucalyptol (14.21%), β-pinene (8.62%), β-myrcene (8.18%). Among the sesquiterpene compounds β-caryophyllene (8.94%) was the major one. The chemical profile of the EO presented here was compared with the EOs of previously investigated Limonium taxa. Furthermore, a complete literature review on the ethno-pharmacological uses of Limonium species was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larbi Derbak
- Laboratory of Ethnobotany and Natural Substances, ENS de Kouba, Algiers, Faculty of Sciences, University of M'sila, Ichebilia, Algeria
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Khellaf Rebbas
- Laboratory of Ethnobotany and Natural Substances, ENS de Kouba, Algiers, Faculty of Sciences, University of M'sila, Ichebilia, Algeria
| | - Bendif Hamdi
- Laboratory of Ethnobotany and Natural Substances, ENS de Kouba, Algiers, Faculty of Sciences, University of M'sila, Ichebilia, Algeria
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), University of Palermo, Italy
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2
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Gargiulo E, Roscetto E, Galdiero U, Surico G, Catania MR, Evidente A, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Antibacterial Metabolites Produced by Limonium lopadusanum, an Endemic Plant of Lampedusa Island. Biomolecules 2024; 14:134. [PMID: 38275763 PMCID: PMC10813400 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lampedusa, the largest island of the Pelagie archipelago, Sicily, Italy, has proven to be a rich source of plants and shrubs used in folk medicine. These plants, often native to the island, have been very poorly investigated for their phytochemical composition and biological potential to be translated into pharmacological applications. To start achieving this purpose, a specimen of Limonium lopadusanum, a plant native to Lampedusa, was investigated for the first time. This manuscript reports the results of a preliminary biological assay, focused on antimicrobial activity, carried out using the plant organic extracts, and the isolation and chemical and biological characterization of the secondary metabolites obtained. Thus 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester (syn: methyl isovanillate, (1), methyl syringate (2), pinoresinol (3), erythrinassinate C (4) and tyrosol palmitate (5) were isolated. Their antimicrobial activity was tested on several strains and compound 4 showed promising antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. Thus, this metabolite has antibiotic potential against the drug-resistant opportunistic pathogen E. faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Gargiulo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Roscetto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.R.); (U.G.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Umberto Galdiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.R.); (U.G.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Surico
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry (DAGRI), Section of Agricultural Microbiology, Plant Pathology and Entomology, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Catania
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.R.); (U.G.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70125 Bari, Italy;
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Gancedo NC, Isolani R, de Oliveira NC, Nakamura CV, de Medeiros Araújo DC, Sanches ACC, Tonin FS, Fernandez-Llimos F, Chierrito D, de Mello JCP. Chemical Constituents, Anticancer and Anti-Proliferative Potential of Limonium Species: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:293. [PMID: 37259435 PMCID: PMC9958820 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Limonium species represent a source of bioactive compounds that have been widely used in folk medicine. This study aimed to synthesize the anticancer and anti-proliferative potential of Limonium species through a systematic review. Searches were performed in the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Scielo and via a manual search. In vivo or in vitro studies that evaluated the anticancer or anti-proliferative effect of at least one Limonium species were included. In total, 942 studies were identified, with 33 articles read in full and 17 studies included for qualitative synthesis. Of these, 14 (82.35%) refer to in vitro assays, one (5.88%) was in vivo, and two (11.76%) were designed as in vitro and in vivo assays. Different extracts and isolated compounds from Limonium species were evaluated through cytotoxic analysis against various cancer cells lines (especially hepatocellular carcinoma-HepG2; n = 7, 41.18%). Limonium tetragonum was the most evaluated species. The possible cellular mechanism involved in the anticancer activity of some Limonium species included the inhibition of enzymatic activities and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which suggested anti-metastatic effects, anti-melanogenic activity, cell proliferation inhibition pathways, and antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. The results reinforce the potential of Limonium species as a source for the discovery and development of new potential cytotoxic and anticancer agents. However, further studies and improvements in experimental designs are needed to better demonstrate the mechanism of action of all of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Cássia Gancedo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Raquel Isolani
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Natalia Castelhano de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Drugs and Cosmetics, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernanda Stumpf Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduate Research Program, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil
- H&TRC—Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Danielly Chierrito
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Universitário Ingá, Maringá 87035-510, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
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Khan A, Moni SS, Ali M, Mohan S, Jan H, Rasool S, Kamal MA, Alshahrani S, Halawi M, Alhazmi HA. Antifungal Activity of Plant Secondary Metabolites on Candida albicans: An Updated Review. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:15-42. [PMID: 35249516 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220304143332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections have been increasing continuously worldwide, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Fungi, regarded as eukaryotic pathogens, have many similarities to the host cells, which inhibit anti-fungal drug development progress. Various fungal model systems have been studied, and it was concluded that Candida spp. is the most common disease-causing fungus. Candida species are well known to cause infections not only in our mouth, skin, and vagina, but they are also a frequent cause of life-threatening hospital bloodstream infections. The morphological and developmental pathways of Candida have been studied extensively, providing insight into the fungus development. Candida albicans is known to be the most pathogenic species responsible for a variety of infections in humans. Conventional anti-fungal drugs, mainly azoles drugs available in the market, have been used for years developing resistance in C. albicans. Hence, the production of new anti-fungal drugs, which require detailed molecular knowledge of fungal pathogenesis, needs to be encouraged. Therefore, this review targets the new approach of "Green Medicines" or the phytochemicals and their secondary metabolites as a source of novel anti-fungal agents to overcome the drug resistance of C. albicans, their mechanism of action, and their combined effects with the available anti-fungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - M Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Huma Jan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar -190006, J&K, India
| | - Saiema Rasool
- Department of School Education, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir, Srinagar, 190001 J&K, India
| | - Mohammad A Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589. Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Halawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Youssef S, Custódio L, Rodrigues MJ, Pereira CG, Calhelha RC, Pinela J, Barros L, Jekő J, Cziáky Z, Ben Hamed K. Nutritional anti-nutritional chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the leaves of the sea cliff dwelling species Limonium spathulatum (Desf.) Kuntze. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:979343. [PMID: 36466224 PMCID: PMC9714570 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work explored the nutritional and antioxidant properties of the leaves of the halophytic species Limonium spathulatum (Desf.) Kuntze from Tunisian sea cliffs. Furthermore, the analysis of the total phenolics and flavonoids contents and their individual compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) were also studied. L. spathulatum leaves had high levels of moisture, ash, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber, but low concentrations of crude protein, crude fat and acid detergent lignin. It contained low carbohydrates levels, and low energetic values. The most abundant macroelements were Cl, Na and Ca while the microelements detected in the highest levels were Fe and Zn. No relevant α-amylase inhibition was observed, and no toxic metals (Pb and Cd) and phytic acid were detected. The ethanol and the hydroethanolic extracts had the highest capacity to scavenge free radicals, to chelate iron and copper and to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The same samples were also the most active towards oxidative haemolysis. These extracts contained high total phenolic and flavonoid contents. HPLC analysis, performed on ethanolic extracts identified 58 individual compounds known for their high antioxidant actvitiy including hydroxybenzoic acids (gallic, syringic acids), hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, coumaric, ferulic acids) and flavonoids (catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and naringin).In conclusion, the leaves of Tunisian accession of L. spathulatum were good source of minerals and fibers useful in the human diet for attaining nutritional sufficiency. The high in vitro and ex vitro antioxidant activities associated with high favonoids contents and compounds suggest the possibility to use the extracts of L. spathulatum in herbal products with the aim of improving general health and well-being, and/or as food additives for preventing lipid oxidation of lipid-rich foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seria Youssef
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | | | | | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - József Jekő
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Karim Ben Hamed
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Chemical Profiling of Limonium vulgare Mill. Using UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS2 and GC-MS Analysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Limonium vulgare Mill. is a plant growing widely in harsh environments, such as salt marshes, for which a chemical profile is still unknown, although some interesting bioactivities were already reported. So, this halophyte chemical profile must be established to find the possible bioactive compounds, valorize the species, and contribute to the salt marsh’s exploitation. This work set the chemical profile of L. vulgare’s aerial parts (leaves and inflorescences) using UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS2 and GC-MS analysis. The lipophilic profile showed a richness in fatty acids, alkanes, and terpenoids, β-sitosterol being the major compound in inflorescences in the fruiting stage (0.822 ± 0.015 mg/g of the dry plant) and leaves (0.534 ± 0.017 mg/g of the dry plant). In contrast, in the inflorescences in the flowering stage, the major compound is nonacosane (0.228 ± 0.001 mg/g of the dry plant). The polyphenolic profile demonstrates that L. vulgare produces several flavonoids from which quercetin and myricetin can be highlighted; in particular, myricetin derivatives are prevalent in all extracts. Amongst the flavonoids, myricetin 3-rhamnoside is the most abundant in the inflorescences in the flowering stage (6.35 ± 0.05 mg/g of the dry plant), myricetin in leaves (9.69 ± 0.11 mg/g of the dry plant), and in the inflorescences in the fruiting stage baicalin presents the highest amount (5.15 ± 0.07 mg/g of the dry plant). This is the first report on L. vulgare’s chemical profile and the results indicate that this species is an exciting source of bioactive compounds, suggesting it has a use to produce nutraceuticals and/or pharmaceuticals.
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Oliveira M, Lima CS, Ketavong S, Llorent-Martínez EJ, Hoste H, Custódio L. Disclosing the bioactive metabolites involved in the in vitro anthelmintic effects of salt-tolerant plants through a combined approach using PVPP and HPLC-ESI-MS n. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24303. [PMID: 34934093 PMCID: PMC8692309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies to reduce dependence on synthetic drugs for the treatment of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) infections in ruminants include the search for novel anthelmintic scaffolds on plants, yet salt-tolerant plants remain overlooked. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic properties of selected salt-tolerant plants against GIN, and identify the potential bioactive secondary metabolites involved. For that purpose, 80% acetone/water extracts were prepared from dried biomass of aerial organs of nine salt-tolerant plant species and tested against Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis by the Larval Exsheathment Inhibition Assay (LEIA) and Egg Hatching Inhibition Assay (EHIA). Pistacia lentiscus, Limoniatrum monopetalum, Cladium mariscus and Helychrisum italicum picardi were the most active in both GIN and life stages. To investigate the role of polyphenols in the anthelmintic activity, four selected extracts were treated with polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), and non-treated and treated samples were further characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI-MSn). While polyphenols seem responsible for the EHIA properties, they are partially accountable to LEIA results. Several phenolics involved in the anthelmintic effects were identified and discussed. In sum, these species are rich sources of anthelmintic compounds and, therefore, are of major interest for nutraceutical and/or phytotherapeutic applications against GIN in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Oliveira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Caroline Sprengel Lima
- Laboratory of Antibiotics and Chemotherapeutics, IBILCE, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Setha Ketavong
- UMR 1225 IHAP, INRAe, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse, France
| | - Eulogio J Llorent-Martínez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Hervé Hoste
- UMR 1225 IHAP, INRAe, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse, France.,ENVT, Université de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse, France
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Rodrigues MJ, Castañeda-Loaiza V, Monteiro I, Pinela J, Barros L, Abreu RMV, Oliveira MC, Reis C, Soares F, Pousão-Ferreira P, Pereira CG, Custódio L. Metabolomic Profile and Biological Properties of Sea Lavender ( Limonium algarvense Erben) Plants Cultivated with Aquaculture Wastewaters: Implications for Its Use in Herbal Formulations and Food Additives. Foods 2021; 10:3104. [PMID: 34945654 PMCID: PMC8700961 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Water extracts from sea lavender (Limonium algarvense Erben) plants cultivated in greenhouse conditions and irrigated with freshwater and saline aquaculture effluents were evaluated for metabolomics by liquid chromatography-tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), and functional properties by in vitro and ex vivo methods. In vitro antioxidant methods included radical scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and copper and iron chelating assets. Flowers' extracts had the highest compounds' diversity (flavonoids and its derivatives) and strongest in vitro antioxidant activity. These extracts were further tested for ex vivo antioxidant properties by oxidative haemolysis inhibition (OxHLIA), lipid peroxidation inhibition by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and anti-melanogenic, anti-tyrosinase, anti-inflammation, and cytotoxicity. Extract from plants irrigated with 300 mM NaCl was the most active towards TBARS (IC50 = 81 µg/mL) and tyrosinase (IC50 = 873 µg/mL). In OxHLIA, the activity was similar for fresh- and saltwater-irrigated plants (300 mM NaCl; IC50 = 136 and 140 µg/mL, respectively). Samples had no anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenic abilities and were not toxic. Our results suggest that sea lavender cultivated under saline conditions could provide a flavonoid-rich water extract with antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties with potential use as a food preservative or as a functional ingredient in herbal supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Viana Castañeda-Loaiza
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Ivo Monteiro
- IPMA, Aquaculture Research Station, Av. do Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhao, Portugal; (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.P.-F.)
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal; (J.P.); (L.B.); (R.M.V.A.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal; (J.P.); (L.B.); (R.M.V.A.)
| | - Rui M. V. Abreu
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal; (J.P.); (L.B.); (R.M.V.A.)
| | - Maria Conceição Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo Interdisciplinar, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Reis
- iMed.Ulisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Florbela Soares
- IPMA, Aquaculture Research Station, Av. do Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhao, Portugal; (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.P.-F.)
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- IPMA, Aquaculture Research Station, Av. do Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhao, Portugal; (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.P.-F.)
| | - Catarina G. Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
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9
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Méndez D, Escalona-Arranz JC, Pérez EM, Foubert K, Matheeussen A, Tuenter E, Cuypers A, Cos P, Pieters L. Antifungal Activity of Extracts, Fractions, and Constituents from Coccoloba cowellii Leaves. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090917. [PMID: 34577616 PMCID: PMC8469486 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Coccoloba cowellii Britton (Polygonaceae, order Caryophyllales) is an endemic and critically endangered plant species that only grows in the municipality of Camagüey, a province of Cuba. A preliminary investigation of its total methanolic extract led to the discovery of promising antifungal activity. In this study, a bioassay-guided fractionation allowed the isolation of quercetin and four methoxyflavonoids: 3-O-methylquercetin, myricetin 3,3′,4′-trimethyl ether, 6-methoxymyricetin 3,4′-dimethyl ether, and 6-methoxymyricetin 3,3′,4′-trimethyl ether. The leaf extract, fractions, and compounds were tested against various fungi and showed strong in vitro antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and various Candida spp. with no cytotoxicity (CC50 > 64.0 µg/mL) on MRC-5 SV2 cells, determined by a resazurin assay. A Candida albicans SC5314 antibiofilm assay indicated that the antifungal activity of C. cowellii extracts and constituents is mainly targeted to planktonic cells. The total methanolic extract showed higher and broader activity compared with the fractions and mixture of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Méndez
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Camagüey, Carretera de Circunvalación Km 5½, Camagüey 74650, Cuba; (D.M.); (E.M.P.)
| | - Julio C. Escalona-Arranz
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba
- Correspondence: (J.C.E.-A.); (L.P.)
| | - Enrique Molina Pérez
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Camagüey, Carretera de Circunvalación Km 5½, Camagüey 74650, Cuba; (D.M.); (E.M.P.)
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (K.F.); (E.T.)
| | - An Matheeussen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Emmy Tuenter
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (K.F.); (E.T.)
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Campus Diepenbeek, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, BE-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (K.F.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.E.-A.); (L.P.)
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Sun FJ, Li M, Gu L, Wang ML, Yang MH. Recent progress on anti-Candida natural products. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:561-579. [PMID: 34419257 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Candida is an intractable life-threatening pathogen. Candida infection is extremely difficult to eradicate, and thus is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. Morevover, the rapid spread of drug-resistant fungi has led to significant decreases in the therapeutic effects of clinical drugs. New anti-Candida agents are urgently needed to solve the complicated medical problem. Natural products with intricate structures have attracted great attention of researchers who make every endeavor to discover leading compounds for antifungal agents. Their novel mechanisms and diverse modes of action expand the variety of fungistatic agents and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. In recent decades, considerable effort has been devoted to finding unique antifungal agents from nature and revealing their unusual mechanisms, which results in important progress on the development of new antifungals, such as the novel cell wall inhibitors YW3548 and SCY-078 which are being tested in clinical trials. This review will present a brief summary on the landscape of anti-Candida natural products within the last decade. We will also discuss in-depth the research progress on diverse natural fungistatic agents along with their novel mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ming-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ming-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Ebohon O, Irabor F, Erhunse N, Omagene A, Omoregie ES. In vitro antiplasmodial activity, cytotoxicity, and gas chromatography - flame ionization detector metabolites fingerprint of extracts and fractions from Tetrorchidium didymostemon. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2021; 12:480-488. [PMID: 34353692 PMCID: PMC8377187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tetrorchidium didymostemon is used as an antimalarial remedy in southern Nigeria. Objective(s) This study was aimed at providing scientific validation for the use of T. didymostemon in the treatment of malaria in Nigeria. Materials and methods Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (Pf3D7) strain was cultured and maintained in fresh O+ human erythrocytes. Standard methods were used to evaluate in vitro antiplasmodial activity, cytotoxic effect on Vero cell line, phytochemical screening, and antioxidant capacity. Gas Chromatography – Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) metabolite fingerprinting of the most potent fraction was carried out. Results The methanol leaf extract had higher antiplasmodial activity (IC50Pf3D7 = 25 ± 0.21 μg/mL) in comparison with the stem bark extract (SBE) (IC50Pf3D7 = 50 ± 0.94 μg/mL). The n-hexane fraction of the leaf extract had the best antiplasmodial activity (IC50Pf3D7 = 3.92 ± 0.46 μg/mL) and selectivity index. This was followed by the dichloromethane (IC50Pf3D7 = 12.5 ± 1.32 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (IC50Pf3D7 = 35.0 ± 4.80 μg/mL), and hydromethanol fraction which was inactive (IC50Pf3D7 > 100 μg/mL). All extracts and fractions were not toxic on Vero cell line (CC50 > 1000 μg/mL). The n-hexane and dichloromethane fractions had the highest amount of phytochemicals. GC-FID analysis revealed high amounts of kaempferol, α-pinene, camphor, humulene, azulene, and β-caryophyllene in the n-hexane fraction. Conclusion The results of our study validate the traditional use of T. didymostemon in the treatment of malaria in southern Nigeria. They also suggest that the phytoconstituent(s) responsible for the antiplasmodial activity of this plant may be more extractable in non-polar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamudiamen Ebohon
- Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Program, P.M.B. 100, Agbarha-Otor, Delta State, Nigeria.
| | - Francis Irabor
- Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Program, P.M.B. 100, Agbarha-Otor, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Nekpen Erhunse
- University of Benin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Malaria Research, Molecular Biology and Toxicology Unit, P.M.B 1154, Benin City, Nigeria; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Malaria Drug Discovery Research Group, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Abigail Omagene
- University of Benin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Malaria Research, Molecular Biology and Toxicology Unit, P.M.B 1154, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Ehimwenma Sheena Omoregie
- University of Benin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Malaria Research, Molecular Biology and Toxicology Unit, P.M.B 1154, Benin City, Nigeria
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Tuohongerbieke A, Li J, Sabir G, Xin X, Hu M, Duan X, Liu L, Tang D, Zhu J, Aisa HA. Lignanamides from the roots of Limonium gmelinii (Willd.) Kuntze and their anti-diabetic, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 184:112648. [PMID: 33454616 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed lignanamides, limoniumins A-I, together with ten known lignanamides and two known phenolics were isolated from ethyl acetate extract of the roots of Limonium gmelinii (Plumbaginaceae). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS experiments. Limoniumin A is the first hybrid lignanamide of phenylpropanoid and coumarin. All tested lignanamides showed significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase stronger than positive control and remarkable inhibitory effect to PTP1B with IC50 values less than 10 μM. In addition, some lignanamides exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against HeLa and MCF-7 cells and anti-inflammatory activity against COX-2 in a dose-dependent way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanguli Tuohongerbieke
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Gulnar Sabir
- Xinjiang Institute of Chinese Material Medica and Ethnomedicine, Urumqi, 830002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Xin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Liu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Xinjiang Institute of Chinese Material Medica and Ethnomedicine, Urumqi, 830002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou HY, Gao SQ, Gong YS, Lin T, Tong S, Xiong W, Shi CY, Wang WQ, Fang JG. Anti-HSV-1 effect of dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata via the TLR9-dependent anti-inflammatory pathway. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 23:370-376. [PMID: 33161114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is one of the most prevalent viruses in humans worldwide. Owing to limited therapeutic options mainly with acyclovir (ACV) and analogues and the emergence of ACV-resistant strains, new drugs with different modes of action and low toxicity are required. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-HSV-1 effect and mechanism of action of the flavonoid compound dihydromyricetin (DHM) from Ampelopsis grossedentata. METHODS The HSV-1 inhibitory effect of DHM was evaluated by measuring plaque formation and generation of progeny virus as well as expression of HSV-1-related genes in Vero cells. The molecular mechanism of the antiviral activity of DHM against HSV-1 was explored by real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA. RESULTS DHM presented a significant inhibitory effect on HSV-1 plaque formation and generation of progeny virus, with an EC50 (50% effective concentration) of 12.56 μM in Vero cells. Furthermore, expression of HSV-1 immediate-early genes (ICP4 and ICP22), early genes (ICP8 and UL42) and late genes (gB, VP1/2) was decreased by DHM at concentrations of 16 μM and 32 μM. DHM specifically suppressed mRNA levels of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), leading to inhibition of the inflammatory transcriptional factor NFκB and a decrease in TNFα. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the effective inhibitory activity of DHM was achieved by suppressing TNFα production in a TLR9-dependent manner. Although further studies are needed to better characterise the activity of DHM in vivo, the results suggest this extract as a promising new anti-HSV-1 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuang-Qi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuai Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chun-Yang Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wen-Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jian-Guo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Káňová K, Petrásková L, Pelantová H, Rybková Z, Malachová K, Cvačka J, Křen V, Valentová K. Sulfated Metabolites of Luteolin, Myricetin, and Ampelopsin: Chemoenzymatic Preparation and Biophysical Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11197-11206. [PMID: 32910657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Authentic standards of food flavonoids are important for human metabolic studies. Their isolation from biological materials is impracticable; however, they can be prepared in vitro. Twelve sulfated metabolites of luteolin, myricetin, and ampelopsin were obtained with arylsulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense and fully characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, MS, and NMR. The compounds were tested for their ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine radicals, to reduce ferric ions and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and to inhibit tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. The activity differed considerably even between monosulfate isomers. The parent compounds and myricetin-3'-O-sulfate were the most active while other compounds displayed significantly lower activity, particularly luteolin sulfates. No mutagenic activity of the parent compounds and their main metabolites was observed; only myricetin showed minor pro-mutagenicity. The prepared sulfated metabolites are now available as authentic standards for future in vitro and in vivo metabolic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Káňová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, CZ 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Petrásková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Rybková
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Malachová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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Luo J, Xu F, Zhang X, Shao X, Wei Y, Wang H. Transcriptome analysis of Penicillium italicum in response to the flavonoids from Sedum aizoon L. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:62. [PMID: 32314096 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural products extracted from plants are an alternative method for controlling postharvest citrus blue mold, caused by Penicillium italicum (P. italicum). In this study, RNA sequence analysis was used to investigate the underlying anti-fungal mechanism of flavonoids from Sedum aizoon L. (FSAL) on P. italicum. Significant differences in 3592 genes were observed, including 2507 up-regulated and 1085 down-regulated genes between the FSAL-treated and the control groups. Furthermore, the GO and KEGG analysis results indicated that FSAL inhibited genes related to the integral components of membrane, oxidation-reduction process, mitochondrion, ribosome, and amino acid metabolism. In the presence of FSAL, the cellular constituents, including DNA and RNA were leaked from hyphae of P. italicum. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in P. italicum was also determined with a significant concentration-effect under the treatment of FSAL. Thus, we speculate that the inhibitory activity of FSAL on P. italicum is mainly achieved by damaging the structure of the cell membrane and cell wall, disrupting the process of mitochondrial respiratory metabolism, protein biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism, leading to cell death. The present study provided a global perspective on the molecular mechanism of FSAL on P. italicum through transcriptome analysis, which may help develop a novel plant-derived anti-fungal agent for the blue mold of citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Noleto-Dias C, Harflett C, Beale MH, Ward JL. Sulfated flavanones and dihydroflavonols from willow. PHYTOCHEMISTRY LETTERS 2020; 35:88-93. [PMID: 32025274 PMCID: PMC6988443 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytol.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical profiling of a hybrid species of willow, Salix × alberti L. (S. integra Thunb. × Salix suchowensis W.C. Cheng ex G.Zhu) revealed four sulfated flavonoids, which were then isolated from young stem tissue. The structures of dihydroflavonols (flavanonols) taxifolin-7-sulfate (1) and dihydrokaempferol-7-sulfate (2) and flavanones, eridictyol-7-sulfate (3) and naringenin-7-sulfate (4) were elucidated through NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The identified sulfated flavanones and dihydroflavonols have not been previously seen in plants, but the former have been partially characterised as metabolites in mammalian metabolism of dietary flavonoids. In addition to providing full spectroscopic characterisation of these metabolites for the first time, we also compared the in vitro antioxidant properties, via the DPPH radical scavenging assay, of the parent and sulfated flavanones, which showed that 7-sulfation of taxifolin and eriodictyol attenuates but does not remove anti-oxidant activity.
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Al Aboody MS, Mickymaray S. Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9020045. [PMID: 31991883 PMCID: PMC7168129 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of fungal infections is growing at an alarming pace and the pathogenesis is still not clearly understood. Recurrence of these fungal diseases is often due to their evolutionary avoidance of antifungal resistance. The development of suitable novel antimicrobial agents for fungal diseases continues to be a major problem in the current clinical field. Hence, it is urgently necessary to develop surrogate agents that are more effective than conventional available drugs. Among the remarkable innovations from earlier investigations on natural-drugs, flavonoids are a group of plant-derived substances capable of promoting many valuable effects on humans. The identification of flavonoids with possible antifungal effects at small concentrations or in synergistic combinations could help to overcome this problem. A combination of flavonoids with available drugs is an excellent approach to reduce the side effects and toxicity. This review focuses on various naturally occurring flavonoids and their antifungal activities, modes of action, and synergetic use in combination with conventional drugs.
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Jin YS. Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liu D, Mao Y, Ding L, Zeng XA. Dihydromyricetin: A review on identification and quantification methods, biological activities, chemical stability, metabolism and approaches to enhance its bioavailability. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019; 91:586-597. [PMID: 32288229 PMCID: PMC7127391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is an important plant flavonoid, which has received great attention due to its health-benefiting activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic and neuroprotective activities. DMY capsules have been sold in US as a nutraceutical supplement to prevent alcoholic hangovers. The major disadvantage associated with DMY is its chemical instability and poor bioavailability caused by the combined effects of its low solubility and poor membrane permeability. This limits its practical use in the food and pharmaceutical fields. SCOPE AND APPROACH The present paper gives an overview of the current methods for the identification and quantification of DMY. Furthermore, recent findings regarding the main biological properties and chemical stability of DMY, the metabolism of DMY as well as different approaches to increase DMY bioavailability in both aqueous and lipid phases are discussed. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Current trends on identification and quantification of DMY have been focused on spectral and chromatographic techniques. Many factors such as heat, pH, metal ions, could affect the chemical stability of DMY. Despite the diverse biological effects of DMY, DMY faces with the problem of poor bioavailability. Utilization of different delivery systems including solid dispersion, nanocapsule, microemuslion, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, co-crystallization, phospholipid complexes, and chemical or enzymatic acylation has the potential to improve both the solubility and bioavailability. DMY digested in laboratory animals undergoes reduction, dehydroxylation, methylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation. Novel DMY delivery systems and basic pharmacokinetic studies of encapsulated DMY on higher animals and humans might be required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yiqin Mao
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- South China University of Technology, School of Food Science & Engineering, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, PR China
- Corresponding author
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Boniface PK, Elizabeth FI. Flavonoid-derived Privileged Scaffolds in anti-Trypanosoma brucei Drug Discovery. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:1295-1314. [PMID: 31215385 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190618114857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness is one of the 20 neglected tropical diseases listed by the World Health Organization, which lead to death if left untreated. This disease is caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, which is the chronic form of the disease present in western and central Africa, and by T. brucei rhodesiense, which is the acute form of the disease located in eastern and southern Africa. Many reports have highlighted the effectiveness of flavonoid-based compounds against T. brucei. OBJECTIVE The present review summarizes the current standings and perspectives for the use of flavonoids as lead compounds for the potential treatment of HAT. METHODS A literature search was conducted for naturally occurring and synthetic anti-T brucei flavonoids by referencing textbooks and scientific databases (SciFinder, PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, ACS, SciELO, Google Scholar, Springer, among others) from their inception until February 2019. RESULTS Flavonoids isolated from different parts of plants and species were reported to exhibit moderate to high in vitro antitrypanosomal activity against T. brucei. In addition, synthetic flavonoids revealed anti-T. brucei activity. Molecular interactions of bioactive flavonoids with T. brucei protein targets showed promising results. CONCLUSION According to in vitro anti-T brucei studies, there is evidence that flavonoids might be lead compounds for the potential treatment of HAT. However, toxicological studies, as well as the mechanism of action of the in vitro active flavonoids are needed to support their use as potential leads for the treatment of HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pone Kamdem Boniface
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ferreira Igne Elizabeth
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of methanolic extract of Limonium leptophyllum (Plumbaginaceae), led to the isolation of 1 new isoflavonoid with a rare 5-membered dihydrofuran ring (1, leptoisoflavone A) and 8 known compounds. The known isolated compounds were identified as euchrenone b9 (2), auriculasin (3), kaempferol (4), avicularoside (5), myricetin-3-arabinoside (6), trans-N-feruloyltyramine (7), trans-N-caffeoyltyramine (8), and β-sitosterol (9). The crude methanolic extract exhibited moderate activity toward endocannabinoid receptors. Auriculasin (3) showed activity toward cannabinoid receptor type 1 (86.7% displacement with IC50 8.92 μM).
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Cockram PE, Smith TK. Active Natural Product Scaffolds against Trypanosomatid Parasites: A Review. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:2138-2154. [PMID: 30234295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases caused by trypanosomatid parasites are a continuing and escalating problem, which devastate the less economically developed cultures in countries in which they are endemic by impairing both human and animal health. Current drugs for these diseases are regarded as out-of-date and expensive, with unacceptable side-effects and mounting parasite resistance, meaning there is an urgent need for new therapeutics. Natural products have long been a source of potent, structurally diverse bioactive molecules. Herein are reviewed natural products with reported trypanocidal activity, which have been clustered based on core structural similarities, to aid the future discovery of new trypanocidal core motifs with potential routes to synthetically accessible natural product cores suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E Cockram
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex , University of St Andrews , North Haugh , St Andrews , Scotland , KY16 9ST
| | - Terry K Smith
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex , University of St Andrews , North Haugh , St Andrews , Scotland , KY16 9ST
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Xiang D, Fan L, Hou XL, Xiong W, Shi CY, Wang WQ, Fang JG. Uptake and Transport Mechanism of Dihydromyricetin Across Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1941-1947. [PMID: 29969512 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A variety of beneficial pharmacological activities have been reported for dihydromyricetin (DMY), however, its oral bioavailability is poor and the intestinal absorption profiles of DMY remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake and transport mechanism of DMY in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. DMY was detected using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Several factors including time, concentration, pH, temperature and efflux transporters were systematically evaluated. DMY was poorly absorbed by a passive diffusion mechanism. The uptake and transport of DMY were time and concentration dependent. Interestingly, decreasing the pH from 8.0 to 6.0 markedly enhanced the DMY uptake, but didn't significantly affect its bidirectional transport. Efflux transporters, multidrug resistance protein 2 and breast cancer resistance protein also influenced the DMY uptake and transport processes. This work details the uptake and transport characteristics of DMY and provides basis for future study. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study elucidated the uptake and transport characteristics of dihydromyricetin (DMY). DMY was poorly absorbed by a passive diffusion mechanism. The uptake and transport of DMY were time and concentration dependent. Interestingly, pH affected DMY uptake but not its bidirectional transport. MRP2 and BCRP were involved in the uptake and transport of DMY, which hindered the absorption of DMY in the intestinal. Thus, the present study may provide useful information for designing DMY delivery systems and avoiding DMY-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xiang
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Fan
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Long Hou
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chun-Yang Shi
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wen-Qing Wang
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Guo Fang
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Teles YCF, Souza MSR, Souza MDFVD. Sulphated Flavonoids: Biosynthesis, Structures, and Biological Activities. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020480. [PMID: 29473839 PMCID: PMC6017314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The great diversity of enzymatic reactions in plant secondary metabolism allows the continuous discovery of new natural compounds and derivatives. Flavonoids, for example, can be found as aglycone or as several sorts of glycosylated, acetylated, methylated, and sulphated derivatives. This review focuses on sulphated flavonoids, an uncommon group of flavonoid derivatives found in some plant families. This work presents a compilation of sulphated flavonoids and their natural sources reported in the literature. Biosynthetic aspects and biological activities have also been reviewed, showing that these particular kinds of natural compounds play an interesting role in plant metabolism, as well as being potential candidates for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna C F Teles
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrarian Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil.
| | - Maria Sallett R Souza
- Post graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
| | - Maria de Fátima Vanderlei de Souza
- Post graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
- Post graduation in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
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Sanna C, Rigano D, Corona A, Piano D, Formisano C, Farci D, Franzini G, Ballero M, Chianese G, Tramontano E, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Esposito F. Dual HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and integrase inhibitors from Limonium morisianum Arrigoni, an endemic species of Sardinia (Italy). Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1798-1803. [PMID: 29397771 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1434649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
During our search for potential templates of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase (IN) dual inhibitors, the methanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of Limonium morisianum was investigated. Repeated bioassay-guided chromatographic purifications led to the isolation of the following secondary metabolites: myricetin, myricetin 3-O-rutinoside, myricetin-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate, tryptamine, ferulic and phloretic acids. The isolated compounds were tested on both HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H and IN activities. Interestingly, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate and myricetin-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside potently inhibited both enzyme activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.21 to 10.9 μM. Differently, tryptamine and ferulic acid exhibited a significant inhibition only on the IN strand transfer reaction, showing a selectivity for this viral enzyme. Taken together these results strongly support the potential of this plant as a valuable anti HIV-1 drugs source worthy of further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Sanna
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Daniela Rigano
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Angela Corona
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Dario Piano
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Carmen Formisano
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Domenica Farci
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Genni Franzini
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Mauro Ballero
- c Cosmese, Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chianese
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy.,d Genetics and Biomedical Research Institute , National Research Council (CNR) , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Francesca Esposito
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
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Gadetskaya AV, Mohamed SM, Tarawneh AH, Mohamed NM, Ma G, Ponomarev BN, Zhusupova GE, Cantrell CL, Cutler SJ, Ross SA. Phytochemical characterization and biological activity of secondary metabolites from three Limonium species. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1973-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Phytochemical profile and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Limonium michelsonii Lincz. J Nat Med 2017; 71:650-658. [PMID: 28550653 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Members of the genus Limonium are widely used as medicinal herbs due to their health-promoting effects, such as an ability to improve blood circulation by inhibiting angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE). While the potential of L. michelsonii Lincz. (a medicinal plant endemic to Kazakhstan) to inhibit ACE has been demonstrated, the inhibitory activities of its secondary metabolites have not been explored. In this work, the principal phenolic compounds (1-20) among these metabolites were isolated to determine the components responsible for ACE inhibition. The natural abundances of the active constituents within the target plant were characterized by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis. All of the isolated compounds except for gallates 10-12 were found to significantly inhibit ACE, with IC50 values of between 7.1 and 138.4 μM. Unexpectedly, the flavonol glycosides 16-20 were observed to be more potent than the corresponding aglycones 4 and 5. For example, quercetin (4) had IC50 = 30.3 μM, whereas its glycosides (16, 17) had IC50 = 10.2 and 14.5 μM, respectively. A similar trend was observed for myricetin (5) and its glycosides (18-20). In a kinetic study, the flavonols 3-5 and 16-20 and the dihydroflavonols 8 and 9 behaved as competitive inhibitors, whereas other flavones (1, 2, 13-15) and flavanones (6, 7) performed noncompetitive inhibition.
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Chen J, Teng J, Ma L, Tong H, Ren B, Wang L, Li W. Flavonoids Isolated From the Flowers of Limonium bicolor and their In vitro Antitumor Evaluation. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:222-225. [PMID: 28539711 PMCID: PMC5421416 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.204566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limonium bicolor, a halophytic species, can grow in saline or saline-alkali soil, is well known as a traditional Chinese medicine. Recently it attracted much attention for its treatment for cancer. OBJECTIVE The present study was performed to evaluate this species from the phytochemical standpoint and the possible relationship between the antitumor activity and its natural products. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical constituents from the flowers of L. bicolor were investigated through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation. All the individual compounds were characterized by spectroscopic analysis and their potential antitumor activity was tested against three different human tumor cell lines by MTT assays. RESULTS The EtOAc extract was proven as the most potent fraction and further fractionation led to the isolation of 15 natural flavonoids, which were characterized as luteolin (1), acacetin (2), quercetin (3), isorhamnetin (4), kaempferol (5), eriodictyol (6), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (7), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (8), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (9), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (10), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside (11), myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (12), kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucoside (13), hesperidin (14) and rutin (15). The biotesting results demonstrated that both compounds 1 and 3 showed good cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells (LOVO). Compound 5 exhibited relative greater growth inhibition against both human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and osteosarcoma cell lines (U2-OS) at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. CONCLUSION On the basis of these findings, the flavonoids were deduced to be potentially responsible for the antitumor activity of L. bicolor. The preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis suggests that the 3-O-glycosylation moiety in natural flavonoids was not essential for the antiproliferative activity on LOVO and U2-OS cells. SUMMARY The phytochemical investigation of Limonium bicolor led to the isolation of 15 flavonoids.The biotesting of the isolates against three different human tumor cell lines was evaluated.The structure-antitumor activity relationship between the isolated flavonoids was discussed. Abbreviation used: MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, EtOAc: Ethyl acetate; LOVO: human colon cancer; MCF-7: human breast, cancer; U2-OS: human osteosarcoma; 5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide, NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance; HR-ESI-MS: high resolution electrospray ionization mass chromatography, HPLC: high performance liquid chromatography, EtOH: ethanol; n-BuOH: n-butanol; CC: column chromatography, TLC: thin layer chromatography; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiehui Teng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiying Tong
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingru Ren
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Linshan Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Blainski A, Gionco B, Oliveira AG, Andrade G, Scarminio IS, Silva DB, Lopes NP, Mello JCP. Antibacterial activity of Limonium brasiliense (Baicuru) against multidrug-resistant bacteria using a statistical mixture design. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:313-323. [PMID: 28089736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Limonium brasiliense (Boiss.) Kuntze (Plumbaginaceae) is commonly known as "baicuru" or "guaicuru" and preparations of its dried rhizomes have been popularly used in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome and menstrual disorder, and as an antiseptic in genito-urinary infections. This study evaluated the potential antibacterial activity of rhizome extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains using statistical mixture design. MATERIALS AND METHODS The statistical design of four components (water, methanol, acetone, and ethanol) produced 15 different extracts and also a confirmatory experiment, which was performed using water:acetone (3:7, v/v). The crude extracts and their ethyl-acetate fractions were tested against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae, all of which have been implicated in hospital and community-acquired infections. The dry residue, total polyphenol, gallocatechin and epigallocatechin contents of the extracts were also tested and statistical analysis was applied in order to define the fit models to predict the result of each parameter for any mixture of components. The principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses (PCA and HCA) of chromatographic data, as well as mass spectrometry (MS) analysis were performanced to determine the main compounds present in the extracts. RESULTS The Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to inhibition of bacterial growth, in special the ethyl-acetate fraction of ternary extracts from water:acetone:ethanol and methanol:acetone:ethanol against, respectively, VREfm (MIC=19µg/mL) and MRSA (MIC=39µg/mL). On the other hand, moderate activity of the ethyl-acetate fractions from primary (except water), secondary and ternary extracts (MIC=625µg/mL) was noted against KPC. The quadratic and special cubic models were significant for polyphenols and gallocatechin contents, respectively. Fit models to dry residue and epigallocatechin contents were not possible. PCA and HCA of the chromatographic fingerprints were disturbed by displacement retention time of some peaks, but the ultraviolet spectra indicated the homogeneous presence of flavan-3-ols characteristic of tannins. The MS confirmed the presence of gallic acid, gallocatechin, and epigallocatechin in extracts, and suggested the presence of monomers and dimers of B- and A-type prodelphinidins gallate, as well as a methyl gallate. CONCLUSION Our results showed the antibacterial potential of L. brasiliense extracts against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, such as VREfm and MRSA. The statistical design was a important tool to evaluate the biological activity by optimized form. The presence of some phenolic compounds was also demonstrated in extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Blainski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, BR-87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Barbara Gionco
- Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Admilton G Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Galdino Andrade
- Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ieda S Scarminio
- Laboratório de Quimiometria em Ciências Naturais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Denise B Silva
- Laboratórios de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LAPNEM), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Norberto P Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João C P Mello
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, BR-87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
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Aymen S, Morena G, Vincenzo L, Laura P, Lorenza B, Abderrazak S, Chedly A, Karim BH. Salt tolerance of the halophyte Limonium delicatulum is more associated with antioxidant enzyme activities than phenolic compounds. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2016; 43:607-619. [PMID: 32480490 DOI: 10.1071/fp15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work we studied the effect of salinity (ranging from 50 to 500mM NaCl) on the physiological and the antioxidant responses of the local halophyte Limonium delicatulum Kuntze. We based our analysis on 12 biochemical assays that are commonly used to measure the antioxidant responses under stress such as oxidative stress markers, enzymes activities and polyphenolic compounds. Our aim was to study parameters that are strongly correlated with the growth response to salinity. Results showed two different growth responses depending on the concentration of NaCl in the medium. Under 50 to 200mM, the growth was stimulated before it decreased significantly at 300-500mM. L. delicatulum revealed a good aptitude to maintain photosynthetic machinery by increasing the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, which is essential for the stabilisation of photosystems and the photosynthesis process under optimal NaCl concentration. Their breakdown at higher salinity decreased the photosynthetic performance of plants resulting in growth inhibition. Moreover, to reduce the damaging effect of oxidative stress and to tolerate the accumulation of salt ions, L. delicatulum induced the activities of their antioxidant enzymes more than their contents in polyphenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souid Aymen
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Gabriele Morena
- National Research Council, Institute of Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology (IBBA), Pisa Unit, Research Area of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Longo Vincenzo
- National Research Council, Institute of Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology (IBBA), Pisa Unit, Research Area of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pucci Laura
- National Research Council, Institute of Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology (IBBA), Pisa Unit, Research Area of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bellani Lorenza
- National Research Council, Institute of Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology (IBBA), Pisa Unit, Research Area of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Smaoui Abderrazak
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Abdelly Chedly
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Ben Hamed Karim
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam Lif 2050, Tunisia
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