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Jia W, Yu S, Liu X, Le Q, He X, Yu L, He J, Yang L, Gao H. Ethanol Extract of Limonium bicolor Improves Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Alleviating Inflammation and Restoring Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:175. [PMID: 38667792 PMCID: PMC11050939 DOI: 10.3390/md22040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a kind of inflammatory bowel condition characterized by inflammation within the mucous membrane, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and pain experienced in the abdominal region. Existing medications for UC have limited treatment efficacy and primarily focus on symptom relief. Limonium bicolor (LB), an aquatic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), exerts multi-targeted therapeutic effects with few side effects and is used to treat anemia and hemostasis. Nevertheless, the impact of LB on UC and its mechanism of action remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of action of ethanol extract of LB (LBE) in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC. The results showed that LBE suppressed the secretion of cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. LBE had protective effects against DSS-induced colitis in mice, decreased the disease activity index (DAI) score, alleviated symptoms, increased colon length, and improved histological characteristics, thus having protective effects against DSS-induced colitis in mice. In addition, it reversed disturbances in the abundance of proteobacteria and probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Blautia in mice with DSS-induced UC. Based on the results of network pharmacology analysis, we identified four main compounds in LBE that are associated with five inflammatory genes (Ptgs2, Plg, Ppar-γ, F2, and Gpr35). These results improve comprehension of the biological activity and functionality of LB and may facilitate the development of LB-based compounds for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Siyu Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Qingqing Le
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Xiwen He
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Lutao Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Jianlin He
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Island Monitoring and Ecological Development (Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources), Fuzhou 350400, China
| | - Longhe Yang
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Island Monitoring and Ecological Development (Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources), Fuzhou 350400, China
| | - Huiyuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
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Zhang X, Gao M, Zhao X, Qi Y, Xu L, Yin L, Peng J. Purification and structural characterization of two polysaccharides with anti-inflammatory activities from Plumbago zeylanica L. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129455. [PMID: 38232876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Plumbago zeylanica L., a traditional Chinese medicine, has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and it is critical important to explore the chemical compounds and evaluate their biological actions from the medicinal plant. However, the chemical structure and biological activities of polysaccharides from P. zeylanica. were still poorly understood. In this study, two water-soluble polysaccharides named WPZP-2-1 and WPZP-2-2 were purified from P. zeylanica L. Chemical and spectroscopic tests showed that the main chain of WPZP-2-1 was →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, and the branch chain was galactose or arabinose. The main chain of WPZP-2-2 was composed of →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, and the O-2 and O-3 of →4)-α-D-GalpA had a small amount of acetylation. In addition, in vitro test showed that WPZP-2-1 and WPZP-2-2 significantly improved the inflammatory damage of LPS + IFN-γ-induced THP-1 cells via reducing the protein levels of CD14, TLR4 and MyD88, thereby promoting IL-10 expression and inhibiting the mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β. Those findings indicated that WPZP-2-1 and WPZP-2-2 from the plant should be served as the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xuerong Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Linan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lianhong Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jinyong Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China; School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Teixeira CJR, Dos Santos BP, Saraiva CJC, Pedroza HDP, Oloris SCS, Soto-Blanco B. TLC and HPLC methods for the determination of plumbagin for the diagnosis of poisoning by Plumbago scandens L. Toxicon 2024; 239:107634. [PMID: 38307130 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Plumbago scandens L. (Plumbaginaceae) occurs in all regions of Brazil. It has been described as toxic to cattle and goats. Caustic lesions in the upper digestive tract characterize poisoning. P. scandens contains a naphthoquinone named plumbagin, which presents high cytotoxic activity. Plumbago auriculata Lam., a widely used ornamental plant, is considered potentially toxic, but there is limited data about its toxicity. This work aimed to validate analytical methodologies for determining the levels of plumbagin in samples of leaves, stems, and rumen content to be used as an auxiliary chemical marker in the laboratory diagnosis of intoxication. One methodology used thin layer chromatography (TLC), and another used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The presence of palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) R.D.Webster), Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K.Simon & S.W.L.Jacobs), corn silage, and rumen content did not interfere with plumbagin in the two methodologies. The TLC methodology generates qualitative results but is simple to implement and has a low cost. The HPLC methodology showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.01 μg/mL and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.05 μg/mL. Leaf and stem samples of P. scandens evaluated showed high levels of plumbagin (0.261 ± 0.087 % and 0.327 ± 0.055 %, respectively). In contrast, leaves of P. auriculata did not show detectable levels of the toxin, and some stem samples showed low levels (up to 0.000114 %). Thus, these methodologies can be used to confirm or rule out the consumption of P. scandens in rumen content from animals suspected of poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos José Rocha Teixeira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31275-013, Brazil
| | - Barbara Pereira Dos Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31275-013, Brazil
| | - Carolina Julia Costa Saraiva
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31275-013, Brazil
| | - Heloísa de Paula Pedroza
- Centro Universitário Presidente Antônio Carlos (UNIPAC), Rodovia MG 482, Km 3, Conselheiro Lafaiete, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvia Catarina Salgado Oloris
- Serviço de Biologia Celular, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias (Funed), Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro 80, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30510-010, Brazil
| | - Benito Soto-Blanco
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31275-013, Brazil.
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Gargiulo E, Roscetto E, Galdiero U, Surico G, Catania MR, Evidente A, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Antibacterial Metabolites Produced by Limonium lopadusanum, an Endemic Plant of Lampedusa Island. Biomolecules 2024; 14:134. [PMID: 38275763 PMCID: PMC10813400 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lampedusa, the largest island of the Pelagie archipelago, Sicily, Italy, has proven to be a rich source of plants and shrubs used in folk medicine. These plants, often native to the island, have been very poorly investigated for their phytochemical composition and biological potential to be translated into pharmacological applications. To start achieving this purpose, a specimen of Limonium lopadusanum, a plant native to Lampedusa, was investigated for the first time. This manuscript reports the results of a preliminary biological assay, focused on antimicrobial activity, carried out using the plant organic extracts, and the isolation and chemical and biological characterization of the secondary metabolites obtained. Thus 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester (syn: methyl isovanillate, (1), methyl syringate (2), pinoresinol (3), erythrinassinate C (4) and tyrosol palmitate (5) were isolated. Their antimicrobial activity was tested on several strains and compound 4 showed promising antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. Thus, this metabolite has antibiotic potential against the drug-resistant opportunistic pathogen E. faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Gargiulo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Roscetto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.R.); (U.G.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Umberto Galdiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.R.); (U.G.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Surico
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry (DAGRI), Section of Agricultural Microbiology, Plant Pathology and Entomology, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Catania
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.R.); (U.G.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70125 Bari, Italy;
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Rahmani R, Debouba M, Aydi SS, Aydi S, Bouajila J. Comparative Analysis of Organic Extracts Bioactivity from Two Limonium. Mill Species Growing Wild in Tunisian Salty Marshes. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301177. [PMID: 37926684 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Limonium. Mill is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Plumbaginaceae family. The present study aimed to compare two Limonium species (L. pruinosum Kuntze and L. tunetanum (Barratte & Bonnet) Maire) in terms of their chemical composition and bioactivity. Chemical profiling showed that the methanolic (MeOH) extracts of both species were the most enriched with total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents. The TFC were higher in L. tunetanum compared to L. pruinosum. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that distinctly the gallic acid and L-tyrosine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin were the main compounds for L. pruinosum and L. tunetanum, respectively. For both Limonium. Mil species, the MeOH extracts displayed the highest antioxidant with IC50 of 7.7 and 8.4 μg/mL for L. pruinosum and L. tunetanum, respectively. The highest anti-15-lipoxygnase activity was recorded in the ethyl acetate (IC50 =14.2 μg/mL) and Methanol (IC50 =15.6 μg/mL) extracts for L. pruinosum. However, for L. tunetanum the best activity was recorded for dichloromethane extract (IC50 =10.4 μg/mL). L. pruinosum extracts displayed the highest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines compared to L. tunetanum ones. The obtained bioactivity discrepancy between Limonium. Mill species was discussed in relation to the organic extract chemical richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Rahmani
- Laboratoire de recherche Biodiversité, Molécules et Applications LR22ES02, Institut supérieur de biologie appliquée, Université de Gabés, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Debouba
- Laboratoire de recherche Biodiversité, Molécules et Applications LR22ES02, Institut supérieur de biologie appliquée, Université de Gabés, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Sassi Aydi
- Laboratory of biodiversity and valorisation of bioresources in arid zones. Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Zrig, 6072, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Samir Aydi
- Laboratory of biodiversity and valorisation of bioresources in arid zones. Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Zrig, 6072, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Jalloul Bouajila
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Paul Sabatier, CNRS, INPT, UPS, France
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Pilatti F, Isolani R, Valone L, de Paula MN, Caleare ADO, Ferreira SBDS, Bruschi ML, de Medeiros Araújo DC, Guedes TA, Hensel A, de Mello JCP. Microstructured Polymer System Containing Proanthocyanidin-Enriched Extract from Limonium brasiliense as a Prophylaxis Strategy to Prevent Recurrence of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Planta Med 2023; 89:1074-1086. [PMID: 35598603 DOI: 10.1055/a-1858-6898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are a global oral health problem affecting almost 10% of the global population. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the main bacteria involved in the initiation and progression of inflammatory processes as a result of the action of the cysteine proteases lysin- and arginine-gingipain. Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles containing a lyophilized proanthocyanidin-enriched fraction from the rhizomes of Limonium brasiliense, traditionally named "baicuru" (ethyl acetate fraction), were manufactured. The ethyl acetate fraction was characterized by UHPLC by the presence of samarangenins A and B (12.10 ± 0.07 and 21.05 ± 0.44%, respectively) and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (13.44 ± 0.27%). Physiochemical aspects of Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles were characterized concerning particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, ethyl acetate fraction release, and mucoadhesion. Additionally, the presence of the ethyl acetate fraction-loaded microparticles was performed concerning potential influence on viability of human buccal KB cells, P. gingivalis adhesion to KB cells, gingipain activity, and P. gingivalis biofilm formation. In general, all Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles tested showed strong adhesion to porcine cheek mucosa (93.1 ± 4.2% in a 30-min test), associated with a prolonged release of the ethyl acetate fraction (up to 16.5 ± 0.8% in 24 h). Preincubation of KB cells with Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles (25 µg/mL) resulted in an up to 93 ± 2% reduced infection rate by P. gingivalis. Decreased activity of the P. gingivalis-specific virulence factors lysin- and arginine-gingipain proteases by Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles was confirmed. Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles decreased biofilm formation of P. gingivalis (97 ± 2% at 60 µg/mL). Results from this study prove the promising activity of Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles containing ethyl acetate fraction microparticles as a prophylaxis strategy to prevent the recurrence of P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Pilatti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Raquel Isolani
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Larissa Valone
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Mariana Nascimento de Paula
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Angelo de Oliveira Caleare
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Luciano Bruschi
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Zheng L, Guo PJ, Zhu Y, Li CY, Wang WQ, Xuan LJ. Five undescribed guanidine alkaloids from Plumbago zeylanica. Fitoterapia 2023; 168:105538. [PMID: 37178808 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed guanidine alkaloids, plumbagines HK (1-4) and plumbagoside E (5), as well as five known analogues (6-10) were isolated from the roots of Plumbago zeylanica. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. In addition, 1-10 were accessed their anti-inflammatory activities by measuring nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. However, all compounds especially 1 and 3-5 could not inhibit the secretion of NO but significant increase the secretion of NO. The result reminded us that 1-10 may become potential novel immune potentiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Peng-Ju Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chen-Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Wen-Qiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Li-Jiang Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Melk MM, El-Hawary SS, Melek FR, Saleh DO, Ali OM, El Raey MA, Selim NM. Antiviral Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Mediated by Plumbago indica L. Extract Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1). Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:8221-8233. [PMID: 34955639 PMCID: PMC8694278 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s339404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plumbago indica L. is considered a valuable source in the Plumbaginaceae family for various types of active compound such as alkaloids, phenolics and saponins. To promote the usage of P. indica in the bionanotechnology field, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were biosynthesized by using its alcoholic extract. The inhibitory effects of ZnONPs and the plant extract were also evaluated against HSV-1. METHODS ZnONPs were described by the following techniques, UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The phenolic and flavonoid contents of P. indica extract, which are accountable for bioreduction, formation and stabilization of the nanoparticles, were analyzed by HPLC technique. The antiviral assessment was implemented on both agents by using Vero cell lines. RESULTS DLS revealed that the average size of ZnONPs was 32.58 ± 7.98 nm and the zeta potential was -20.8 mV. The observation of TEM analysis revealed that the particle size of ZnONPs varied from 2.56 to 8.83 nm. The XRD analysis verified the existence of pure crystals of hexagonal shapes of nanoparticles of ZnO with a main average size of 35.28 nm that is approximating to the values of particle size acquired by SEM analysis (19.64 and 23.21 nm). The HPLC analysis of P. indica ethanolic extract showed that gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutin were the major compounds, with concentrations equal to 8203.99, 2965.95 and 1144.99 µg/g, respectively. Regarding the antiviral assessment, the synthesized uncalcinated ZnONPs were found to exhibit a promising activity against HSV-1, with CC50 and IC50 values equal to 43.96 ± 1.39 and 23.17 ± 2.29 µg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION The green synthesized ZnONPs are considered promising adjuvants to enhance the efficacy of HSV-1 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Michael Melk
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Seham S El-Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Farouk Rasmy Melek
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Omar M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University College, Turabah Branch, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, Pharmaceutical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabil Mohamed Selim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Jaradat N, Khasati AI, Al-Maharik N, Eid AM, Jundi W, Zatar NAA, Ali-Shtayeh MS, Jamous R. Isolation, identification, and antimycotic activity of plumbagin from Plumbago europaea L. roots, leaves and stems. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:1421-1428. [PMID: 34799317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plumbago europaea L. is a plant utilized in Palestinian ethnomedicine for the treatment of various dermatological diseases. The current investigation was designed to isolate plumbagin from P. europaea leaves, roots and for the first time from the stems. Moreover, it aimed to evaluate the antimycotic activity against three human fungal pathogens causing dermatophytosis, also against an animal fungal pathogen. The qualitative analysis of plumbagin from the leaves, stems, and roots was conducted using HPLC and spectrophotometer techniques, while the structure of plumbagin was established utilizing Proton and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Infrared (IR) techniques. The entire plant constituents were determined by GC-MS. Moreover, the antimycotic activity against Ascosphaera apis, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was assessed utilizing the poison food technique method. The percentage of plumbagin recorded in the leaves, stems, and roots was found to be 0.51±0.001%, 0.16±0.001%, and 1.65±0.015%, respectively. The GC-MS examination declared the presence of 59 molecules in the plant extract. The plant extract and pure plumbagin exhibited complete inhibition against all tested dermatophytes at 6.0mg/mL for the extracts and 0.2mg/mL for plumbagin. P. europaea root is the best source of plumbagin and the plant extract could represent a potential drug candidate for the treatment of dermatophytosis infections. Further studies required to design suitable dosage forms from the natural P. europaea root extracts or plumbagin alone, to be utilized for the treatment of dermatological and veterinary ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Ibrahim Khasati
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine/Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Nawaf Al-Maharik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad M Eid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Waheed Jundi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Nidal Abd Aljaber Zatar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | | | - Rana Jamous
- Biodiversity and Environmental Research Center (BERC), Til, Nablus, Palestine
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Baysal I, Ekizoglu M, Ertas A, Temiz B, Agalar HG, Yabanoglu-Ciftci S, Temel H, Ucar G, Turkmenoglu FP. Identification of Phenolic Compounds by LC-MS/MS and Evaluation of Bioactive Properties of Two Edible Halophytes: Limonium effusum and L. sinuatum. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134040. [PMID: 34279385 PMCID: PMC8271801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and enzyme inhibitory activities of the methanol extracts and their fractions of two edible halophytic Limonium species, L. effusum (LE) and L. sinuatum (LS). The total phenolic content resulted about two-fold higher in the ethyl acetate fraction of LE (522.82 ± 5.67 mg GAE/g extract) than in that of LS (274.87 ± 1.87 mg GAE/g extract). LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that tannic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid in both species (71,439.56 ± 3643.3 µg/g extract in LE and 105,453.5 ± 5328.1 µg/g extract in LS), whereas hyperoside was the most abundant flavonoid (14,006.90 ± 686.1 µg/g extract in LE and 1708.51 ± 83.6 µg/g extract in LS). The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH and TAC assays, and the stronger antioxidant activity in ethyl acetate fractions was highlighted. Both species were more active against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram negatives and showed considerable growth inhibitions against tested fungi. Interestingly, selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was observed with LE and LS. Particularly, the water fraction of LS strongly inhibited AChE (IC50 = 0.199 ± 0.009 µg/mL). The ethyl acetate fractions of LE and LS, as well as the n-hexane fraction of LE, exhibited significant antityrosinase activity (IC50 = 245.56 ± 3.6, 295.18 ± 10.57 and 148.27 ± 3.33 µg/mL, respectively). The ethyl acetate fraction and methanol extract of LS also significantly inhibited pancreatic lipase (IC50 = 83.76 ± 4.19 and 162.2 ± 7.29 µg/mL, respectively). Taken together, these findings warrant further investigations to assess the potential of LE and LS as a bioactive source that can be exploited in pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Baysal
- Vocational School of Health Services, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Melike Ekizoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Abdulselam Ertas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey;
| | - Burak Temiz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; (B.T.); (H.G.A.)
| | - Hale Gamze Agalar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; (B.T.); (H.G.A.)
| | - Samiye Yabanoglu-Ciftci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey; (S.Y.-C.); (G.U.)
| | - Hamdi Temel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey;
| | - Gulberk Ucar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey; (S.Y.-C.); (G.U.)
| | - Fatma Pinar Turkmenoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
- Correspondence:
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Kar A, Mukherjee PK, Saha S, Banerjee S, Goswami D, Matsabisa MG, Charoensub R, Duangyod T. Metabolite profiling and evaluation of CYP450 interaction potential of 'Trimada'- an Ayurvedic formulation. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 266:113457. [PMID: 33039629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trimada is well-known polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation used in Indian Traditional medicine since ancient times. It consisted of three inebriant herbs including "Chitraka" (Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Family- Plumabaginaceae), "Musta" (Cyperus rotundus Linn. Family- Cyperaceae) and Vidanga (Embelia ribes Burm. F. Family- Myrsinaceae) in equal ratios as mentioned in Ayurveda. Trimada is traditionally used to increase the functioning of the digestive system and metabolism. Along with these, it also assists in the reduction of cholesterol as well as reduces stomach aches and chest pain. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is aimed to identify the metabolites present in this polyherbal formulation. Further, the cytotoxicity and interaction potential of the formulation and individual herbs with Cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYP3A4, 2D6, 2C9, 1A2) was evaluated by MTT assay and CYP450 enzyme inhibition. The concentration of heavy metals was also determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) analysis was performed to detect and identify the phytoconstituents in the formulation. Cytotoxicity of the formulation was evaluated by MTT assay. CYP450 enzyme interaction potential of the individual herbs and the Trimada formulation was carried out through CYP-CO assay and fluorometric high throughput screening (HTS) assay for individual isozymes. The content of heavy metal in the formulation was quantified by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. RESULTS Trimada formulation exhibited lower cytotoxicity to human liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2). CYP-CO assay revealed that the interaction potential of individual herbs and Trimada on the liver microsomes was found to be lesser than the standard inhibitor ketoconazole. Individual herbs and Trimada formulation displayed higher IC50 values than the respective standard inhibitors in the fluorimetric assay. UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis showed the presence of a number of active phytoconstituents including sesquiterpenes, phenolic acids, benzoquinones, triterpenes and flavonoids. The heavy metal concentration in the traditional medicinal herbal formulation was found within the approved limit. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that the individual herbs and Trimada formulation exhibited low cytotoxicity and contributes insignificant interaction with CYP450 isozymes. So, the formulation is considered to be safe for its therapeutic management without any potential drug interaction involving CYP 450 isozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kar
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Pulok K Mukherjee
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India; Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, An Autonomous Institute Under Dept. of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Imphal, 795001, India.
| | - Sankarshan Saha
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Subhadip Banerjee
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Debayan Goswami
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Motlalepula G Matsabisa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
| | - Rawiwan Charoensub
- School of Health Science, Dept. of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine & Center of Excellence in Medicinal Plants and Thai Tradition Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand.
| | - Thidarat Duangyod
- School of Health Science, Dept. of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine & Center of Excellence in Medicinal Plants and Thai Tradition Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand.
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Lee SY, Kim MJ, Jang S, Lee GE, Hwang SY, Kwon Y, Hong JY, Sohn MH, Park SY, Yoon HG. Plumbagin Suppresses Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibition of p300 Histone Acetyltransferase Activity. J Med Food 2020; 23:633-640. [PMID: 32311286 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrosing interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis similar to that of malignancy. The causes of IPF are not clearly known, and there is no effective therapy to date. In this study, the natural compound plumbagin, which was isolated from Plumbago rosea root extract, was screened for p300 inhibitory activity. Plumbagin specifically inhibited the activity of p300 toward histone acetyltransferases. Plumbagin treatment significantly suppressed transforming growth factor-β-induced profibrotic target-gene expression and proliferation of fibroblast cell lines. Moreover, plumbagin significantly inhibited bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Taken together, these data demonstrate the inhibitory effects of plumbagin on lung fibrosis and its promise as a therapeutic agent for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kim
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Subhin Jang
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong-Eun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Hong
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Geun Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Tomović G, Buzurović U, Đurović S, Vicić D, Mihailović N, Jakovljević K. Strategies of heavy metal uptake by three Armeria species growing on different geological substrates in Serbia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:507-522. [PMID: 29047057 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study surveyed three species of the genus Armeria Willd. from five ultramafic outcrops, two non-ultramafic (schist) soils, and one tailing heap of an abandoned iron-copper mine from Serbia. Similarities and differences among the three Armeria species growing on different geological substrates in the ability to control uptake and translocate nine metals were examined. Chemical characteristics of the soil and plant samples (concentrations of P2O5, K2O, Ca, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Cd, and Pb) are presented. In order to assess accumulative potential of these three Armeria species, biological concentration, accumulation, as well as translocation factors were used. Three investigated Armeria species growing on eight different localities showed large differences in heavy metal uptake, translocation, and accumulation. The differences were present among the plant samples of the same species and even more among three different Armeria species and were primarily the result of the different contents of available heavy metals in the investigated soils. Additionally, differences might be the consequence of diverse responses and possible presence of supplementary resistance mechanisms in the plants from the ultramafic soils. None of the three Armeria species showed shoot hyperaccumulative potential for any of the investigated heavy metals and they could be considered as root accumulators, considering their potential to accumulate medium to large amounts of Zn (BCF up to 134), Cr (BCF up to 148), and Cd (BCF up to 9) in their roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Tomović
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
| | - Uroš Buzurović
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Sanja Đurović
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dražen Vicić
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy-INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia
| | - Nevena Mihailović
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy-INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Jakovljević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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Lee SG, Karadeniz F, Seo Y, Kong CS. Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Flavonoid Glycosides from Limonium tetragonum (Thunb.) Bullock via Inhibition of Tyrosinase and Tyrosinase-Related Proteins. Molecules 2017; 22:E1480. [PMID: 28872626 PMCID: PMC6151517 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Overproduction and stimulation of tyrosinase result in increased melanogenesis of which several skin disorders such as freckles, spots, and hyperpigmentation appear as complications. Limonium tetragonum is a halophyte well-known for its antioxidative properties. This study investigated the anti-melanogenic effects of solvent-partitioned L. tetragonum extracts (LTEs) and its bioactive constituents, two isolated flavonoid glycosides. Current study followed a set of experiments on B16-F10 mouse melanoma cell model with a focus on tyrosinase activity and production. The anti-melanogenic capacity of LTEs was confirmed by their tyrosinase inhibitory effects, prevention of DOPA oxidation, and suppression of melanin production. The inhibition of tyrosinase and DOPA oxidation by LTEs was suggested to be related with the downregulation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1, and tyrosinase-related protein-2, verified with mRNA and protein expression levels. Among all tested LTEs, 85% aq. MeOH and n-BuOH were found to be the most active fractions which later yielded the two known compounds, myricetin 3-galactoside and quercetin 3-O-β-galactopyronaside. The anti-melanogenic potential of the compounds were confirmed by their tyrosinase inhibitory effects. These results suggested that L. tetragonum may serve as a potential source of bioactive substances with effective anti-melanogenesis properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul-Gi Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Baegyang-dero 700beon-gil 140, Sasang-gu, Busan 46958, Korea.
| | - Fatih Karadeniz
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, Silla University, Baegyang-dero 700beon-gil 140, Sasang-gu, Busan 46958, Korea.
| | - Youngwan Seo
- Division of Marine Bioscience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea.
- Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology, Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea.
| | - Chang-Suk Kong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Baegyang-dero 700beon-gil 140, Sasang-gu, Busan 46958, Korea.
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, Silla University, Baegyang-dero 700beon-gil 140, Sasang-gu, Busan 46958, Korea.
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Wu CY, Liu SJ, Fang F, Wang YH, Yang WG, Ma YL, Wu DK. [Mineral composition analysis and hemostatic effect of limonitum with different mineral genesis]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2017; 42:2989-2994. [PMID: 29139268 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170630.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Models were established in mice with warfarin sodium method, and their bleeding time and hemostasis time were measured by tail cutting method and slide method respectively. Rats were administered for 15 consecutive days to measure their recalcification time, plasma viscosity, platelet adhesion rate, platelet aggregation rate and other blood indexes. As compared with the blank group, the bleeding time was prolonged in model groupn(P<0.05). As compared with the model group, the results showed that the positive vitamin K, the leaching type water decoction and the sediment type decoction could significantly shorten the bleeding time (P<0.01); positive vitamin K significantly (P<0.01) shortened clotting time, and the leaching type water decoction, the sediment type water decoction and the sediment type powder could also shorten the clotting time (P<0.05). As compared with blank group, low dose, medium dose of leaching type water decoction, medium dose of powder, high dose of sediment type decoction and low dose of drug residues could reduce plasma viscosity (P<0.05), and high dose of leaching powder and low dose of water decoction could significantly reduce (P<0.01) plasma viscosity. As compared with blank group, Limonitum leaching type decoction high dose group could significantly reduce the platelet adhesion rate (P<0.05), while sediment type water decoction could significantly increase the platelet adhesion rate (P<0.05); the high dose of leaching type water decoction, high dose of drug residues, low dose of leaching type powder and low dose of drug residues could decrease the platelet aggregation rate (P<0.05), while high dose of leaching type water decoction and high dose of the powder could increase the platelet aggregation rate (P<0.05). Analysis of mineral compositions was conducted by polarized light microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of the both methods showed that Limonitum mineral compositions contained goethite, quartz, and kaolinite, and sedimentary type also contained illite and albite. Sediment type of Limonitum showed better hemostatic effect, which may be related to the high content of goethite and illite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ying Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Recycling Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sheng-Jin Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Recycling Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Recycling Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Hua Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Recycling Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen-Guo Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Recycling Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Lu Ma
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Recycling Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - De-Kang Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Recycling Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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16
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Blainski A, Gionco B, Oliveira AG, Andrade G, Scarminio IS, Silva DB, Lopes NP, Mello JCP. Antibacterial activity of Limonium brasiliense (Baicuru) against multidrug-resistant bacteria using a statistical mixture design. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 198:313-323. [PMID: 28089736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Limonium brasiliense (Boiss.) Kuntze (Plumbaginaceae) is commonly known as "baicuru" or "guaicuru" and preparations of its dried rhizomes have been popularly used in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome and menstrual disorder, and as an antiseptic in genito-urinary infections. This study evaluated the potential antibacterial activity of rhizome extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains using statistical mixture design. MATERIALS AND METHODS The statistical design of four components (water, methanol, acetone, and ethanol) produced 15 different extracts and also a confirmatory experiment, which was performed using water:acetone (3:7, v/v). The crude extracts and their ethyl-acetate fractions were tested against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae, all of which have been implicated in hospital and community-acquired infections. The dry residue, total polyphenol, gallocatechin and epigallocatechin contents of the extracts were also tested and statistical analysis was applied in order to define the fit models to predict the result of each parameter for any mixture of components. The principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses (PCA and HCA) of chromatographic data, as well as mass spectrometry (MS) analysis were performanced to determine the main compounds present in the extracts. RESULTS The Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to inhibition of bacterial growth, in special the ethyl-acetate fraction of ternary extracts from water:acetone:ethanol and methanol:acetone:ethanol against, respectively, VREfm (MIC=19µg/mL) and MRSA (MIC=39µg/mL). On the other hand, moderate activity of the ethyl-acetate fractions from primary (except water), secondary and ternary extracts (MIC=625µg/mL) was noted against KPC. The quadratic and special cubic models were significant for polyphenols and gallocatechin contents, respectively. Fit models to dry residue and epigallocatechin contents were not possible. PCA and HCA of the chromatographic fingerprints were disturbed by displacement retention time of some peaks, but the ultraviolet spectra indicated the homogeneous presence of flavan-3-ols characteristic of tannins. The MS confirmed the presence of gallic acid, gallocatechin, and epigallocatechin in extracts, and suggested the presence of monomers and dimers of B- and A-type prodelphinidins gallate, as well as a methyl gallate. CONCLUSION Our results showed the antibacterial potential of L. brasiliense extracts against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, such as VREfm and MRSA. The statistical design was a important tool to evaluate the biological activity by optimized form. The presence of some phenolic compounds was also demonstrated in extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Blainski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, BR-87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Barbara Gionco
- Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Admilton G Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Galdino Andrade
- Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ieda S Scarminio
- Laboratório de Quimiometria em Ciências Naturais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Denise B Silva
- Laboratórios de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LAPNEM), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Norberto P Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João C P Mello
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, BR-87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
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17
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Ankamwar B, Pansare S, Sur UK. Centrifuge Controlled Shape Tuning of Biosynthesized Gold Nanoparticles Obtained from Plumbago zeylanica Leaf Extract. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2017; 17:1041-1045. [PMID: 29672005 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2017.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of cost-efficient and eco-friendly biogenic synthetic protocols for the green synthesis of biocompatible metal nanoparticles has become popular among researchers in recent years. The biogenic synthesis of these nanoparticles and their potential biomedical applications introduces the concept of nanobiotechnology, which has become the latest fascinating area of research. The lower cost and lesser side effects as compare to chemical methods of synthesis are the main advantages of biosynthesis. In the present investigation, aqueous leaf extract of Plumbago zeylanica had been used to synthesize anisotropic gold nanoparticles. The as-synthesized gold nanoparticles were centrifuged at 5000 and 10000 rpm and compared both pellets using UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR and TEM techniques. We have studied here the effect of speed of centrifugation on the yield, shape, size as well as size distribution of as synthesized gold nanoparticles.
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Elansary HO, Yessoufou' K, Mahmoud EA, Skalicka-Woźniak K. In vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects of Ceratostigma plumbaginoides. Nat Prod Commun 2016; 11:1455-1458. [PMID: 30549598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds, including phenols, flavonoids, and tannins, were quantified in leaves, stems and roots of methanol, n-butanol, diethyl ether and n- hexane extracts of Ceratostigina plumbaginoides Bunge. (Plumbaginaceae) ornamental plants. The antioxidant capacity was measured by the DPPH and linoleic acid assays. The total bioactive compounds, as well as the antioxidant capacities, were the highest in the leaves compared with stems and roots. The -methanolic, n-butanol, diethyl ether and n-hexane leaf extracts varied in their antibacterial and antifungal activities. In general, the most sensitive bacterium to leaf extracts was Bacillus cereus and the most resistant was Staphyllococcus aureus, while the most sensitive fungus was Aspergillusflavus and the most resistant one was Penicillium ochrochloron. As the methanolic leaf extract was the most active, it was subjected to column chromatography and two compounds were isolated and identified as 1 (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone / plumbagin) and 2 (3,3'-biplumbagin). Compounds 1 and 2 showed the highest antibacterial and antifungal activities compared with other extracts tested. The MIC and MBC values for the most active compound 1 were in the range of 0.001 - 0.09 and 0.004 - 0.21 mg mL⁻¹, while MIC and MFC were determined as 0.001 - 0.11 and 0.002 - 0.19 mg mL⁻¹, respectively. The isolated compounds and leaf extracts showed also equal or higher antimicrobial activities compared with antibiotics/commercial reagents which indicate that the plant might be useful for drug development. This is the first report on the antibacterial and antifungal activities, as well as the antioxidant properties of the tested plant parts and isolated compounds.
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Bouzidi A, Benzarti A, Arem AE, Mahfoudhi A, Hammami S, Gorcii M, Mastouri M, Hellal AN, Mighri Z. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of Tunisian Limoniastrum guyonianum Durieu ex Boiss extracts. Pak J Pharm Sci 2016; 29:1299-1305. [PMID: 27393443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation, extracts obtained from L. guyonianum Durieu ex Boiss. aerial parts were used to evaluate total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. A study of antioxidant activities of the prepared samples was carried out on the basis of 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2-2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+.) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Moreover, the efficiency of methanolic, chloroformic and petroleum ether extracts and the deriving fractions from the methanolic extract was tested against human bacterial and fungal pathogenic strains using micro dilution method in 96 multiwell microtiter plate. Furthermore, leaves and stems extracts were subjected to RP-HPLC for phenolic compounds identification. Results showed that polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activities varied considerably as function of solvent polarity. Moreover, antiradical capacities against DPPH, ABTS(+.) and reducing power were maxima in methanol aerial parts extract which showed the highest polyphenol contents (134mg CE/g DW). The antimicrobial activities showed that methanolic, chloroformic and petroleum ether extracts were found to be most potent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values of 23 and 46μ.mL(-1), respectively. The fractions F(13) and F(16) have a great antifungal potential against Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilesis (MIC=39μ.mL(-1)). The RP-HPLC analysis lead the identification of gallic, procatechuic and trans-cinnamic acids, methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, n-propyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, epicatechin, naringin and myricetin in L. guyonianum Durieu ex Boiss. leaves and stems extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Bouzidi
- Laboratory of Bioressources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Anissa Benzarti
- Research Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amira El Arem
- Laboratory of Bioressources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Adel Mahfoudhi
- Laboratory of Bioressources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Saoussen Hammami
- Research Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Gorcii
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology CHU F. Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Laboratory of Microbiology CHU F. Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Noureddine Hellal
- Laboratory of Bioressources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zine Mighri
- Laboratory of Bioressources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia / Research Unit 12-04, Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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Markina OV, Maksimenko EV, Markin NV, Selyanskaya NA, Shelokhovich AI, Mazrukho AB, Borisenko NI. [STUDY OF COMPOSITION OF PLANT EXTRACTS, POSSESSING ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT AGAINST VIBRIO CHOLERAE EL TOR, USING HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 2016:63-66. [PMID: 27029119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Study the composition of plant extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography. (HPLC) and evaluation of their antimicrobial effect against Vibrio cholerae El Tor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Qualitative and quantitative composition of plant extracts was studied using HPLC. Determination of sensitivity of microorganisms to plant extracts was carried out by diffusion into agar method and serial dilutions method. RESULTS Antibacterial effect of water, water-alcohol and acetone extracts of roots of Limonium gmelinii L., Berberis vulgaris L. and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. was studied. The most effective methods of extraction of biologically active substances, possessing antimicrobial effect against various strains of V. cholerae El Tor, were determined. CONCLUSION The use of HPLC allowed to establish the presence of catechines, alkaloids protoberberines and glycyrrhizic acid in xtracts, possessing antimicrobial effect against V. cholera El Tor strains.
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Chernyshev A, Melghit K. Characterization of a mineral coating of the plant Dyerophytum indicum. Z NATURFORSCH C 2015; 70:59-64. [PMID: 26020556 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2014-4170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The mineral coating of Dyerophytum indicum Kuntze (Plumbaginaceae) was analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy methods. Its composition was found to be similar to those of the carbonate mixtures isolated from rotting cacti and speleothems. The coating consisted of three major phases (monohydrocalcite, nesquehonite, and calcite), a minor phase of hydromagnesite, and traces of silica and sylvite. This is the first time that the occurrence of monohydrocalcite, nesquehonite, and hydromagnesite in a living higher plant has been reported. A possible mechanism of the formation of the coating is also discussed.
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Eren Y, Ozata A, Konuk M, Akyil D, Liman R. A mutagenicity and cytotoxicity study of limonium effusum aqueous extracts by Allium, Ames and MTT tests. Tsitol Genet 2015; 49:56-65. [PMID: 26030975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays plants or plant extracts have become very important for alternative medicine. Plants and their extracts have many therapeutical advantages but some of them are potentially toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic. Root, stem and leafparts of Limonium effusum were used in this study and this species is an endemic species for Turkey. Mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of root, stem and leaf aqueous extracts were observed with Allium, Ames and MTT tests. Allium root growth inhibition test and mitotic index studies showed that aqueous extracts have dose-dependent toxic effects. Chromosome aberration studies indicated that especially sticky chromosome, anaphase-telophase disorder and laggard chromosome anomalies were highly observed. Ames test performed with Limonium effusum root aqueous extracts, showed weak mutagenic effects in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain with S9. MTT test based on mitochondrial activity indicated that most of the aqueous extracts have cytotoxic effects. This study aimed to determine the possible mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of L. effusum aqueous extracts by using bacterial, plant and mammalian cells. This research showed that some low concentrations of the L. effusum extracts have inhibited cytotoxic effects but high concentrations have induced cytotoxicity. On the other hand only a weak mutagenic activity was identified by Ames test with TA98 S9(+).
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Boudermine S, Malafronte N, Mencherini T, Esposito T, Aquino RP, Beghidja N, Benayache S, D'Ambola M, Vassallo A. Phenolic compounds from Limonium pruinosum. Nat Prod Commun 2015; 10:319-321. [PMID: 25920273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A new phenolic compound, 6'-O-sulfonyl-salidroside (1), together with fifteen known compounds, were isolated from the all parts of Limonium pruinosum. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments including 1D TOCSY, DQF-COSY, HSQC and HMBC spectroscopy, as well as ESIMS analysis. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and all isolated compounds was evaluated by DPPH test.
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Sheikh-Assadi M, Khandan-Mirkohi A, Alemardan A, Moreno-Jiménez E. Mycorrhizal limonium sinuatum (L.) mill. Enhances accumulation of lead and cadmium. Int J Phytoremediation 2015; 17:556-562. [PMID: 25747242 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2014.922928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals accumulation in soils poses a potential threat to ecosystems, which, in turn, threat human health through food chains. Therefore, remediating polluted sites is important to environment and humanity. In this investigation, statice (L. sinuatum) was exposed to Cd (0, 15, 30, 60 mg kg(-1) soil) or Pb (0, 100, 150, 300 mg kg(-1) soil) in a pot experiment to assess its tolerance to each metal and study its phytoaccumulation capability. The benefits of mycorrhization (mixture of Glomus mosseae and G. intraradices) were also studied simultaneously. Single exposure to Cd or Pb reduced the plant growth, but statice was still relatively tolerant to both metals. The plants accumulated both metals in their roots; little was translocated to the shoots. Total Pb and total Cd accumulated by the roots was approximately 2 and 3 times higher in mycorrhizal than non-mycorrhizal plants (49 versus 147 and 595 versus 956 μg plant(-1)) respectively; however, mycorrhization alleviated metal phytotoxicity. The results suggest that statice is a potential candidate to be used as an ornamental plant in lead and cadmium polluted sites, mainly inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizae. Besides that, it would be useful as a Pb or Cd controlling agent by means of phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sheikh-Assadi
- a Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources , University of Tehran , Karaj , Iran
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Abstract
Abstract
A free radical scavenging activity guided fractionation of the polar extract from roots of Limonium brasiliense (Plumbaginaceae) led to the isolation of five active compounds including: myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (1), (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (2), (-)-epigallocatechin (3), (+)-gallocatechin (4) and gallic acid (5). These and other chemical constituents are reported for the first time for this species. The characterization of these compounds was achieved by spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR and UV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Murray
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, (8000) Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Salunke GR, Ghosh S, Santosh Kumar RJ, Khade S, Vashisth P, Kale T, Chopade S, Pruthi V, Kundu G, Bellare JR, Chopade BA. Rapid efficient synthesis and characterization of silver, gold, and bimetallic nanoparticles from the medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica and their application in biofilm control. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2635-53. [PMID: 24920901 PMCID: PMC4043712 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s59834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significance in medical fields due to their high surface-area-to-volume ratio. In this study, we synthesized NPs from a medicinally important plant - Plumbago zeylanica. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous root extract of P. zeylanica (PZRE) was analyzed for the presence of flavonoids, sugars, and organic acids using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS), and biochemical methods. The silver NPs (AgNPs), gold NPs (AuNPs), and bimetallic NPs (AgAuNPs) were synthesized from root extract and characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effects of these NPs on Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli biofilms were studied using quantitative biofilm inhibition and disruption assays, as well as using fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. RESULTS PZRE showed the presence of phenolics, such as plumbagin, and flavonoids, in addition to citric acid, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and starch, using HPTLC, GC-TOF-MS, and quantitative analysis. Bioreduction of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) and chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄) were confirmed at absorbances of 440 nm (AgNPs), 570 nm (AuNPs), and 540 nm (AgAuNPs), respectively. The maximum rate of synthesis at 50°C was achieved with 5 mM AgNO₃ within 4.5 hours for AgNPs; and with 0.7 mM HAuCl4 within 5 hours for AuNPs. The synthesis of AgAuNPs, which completed within 90 minutes with 0.7 mM AgNO₃ and HAuCl₄, was found to be the fastest. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed bioreduction, while EDS and XRD patterns confirmed purity and the crystalline nature of the NPs, respectively. TEM micrographs and DLS showed about 60 nm monodispersed Ag nanospheres, 20-30 nm Au nanospheres adhering to form Au nanotriangles, and about 90 nm hexagonal blunt-ended AgAuNPs. These NPs also showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against E. coli, A. baumannii, S. aureus, and a mixed culture of A. baumannii and S. aureus. AgNPs inhibited biofilm in the range of 96%-99% and AgAuNPs from 93% to 98% in single-culture biofilms. AuNPs also showed biofilm inhibition, with the highest of 98% in S. aureus. AgNPs also showed good biofilm disruption, with the highest of 88% in A. baumannii. CONCLUSION This is the first report on rapid and efficient synthesis of AgNPs, AuNPs and AgAuNPs from P. zeylanica and their effect on quantitative inhibition and disruption of bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri R Salunke
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, India
| | - Sougata Ghosh
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, India
| | | | - Samiksha Khade
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, India
| | - Priya Vashisth
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - Trupti Kale
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Complex, Pune, India
| | - Snehal Chopade
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Vikas Pruthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - Gopal Kundu
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Complex, Pune, India
| | - Jayesh R Bellare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Balu A Chopade
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, India
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pune, Pune, India
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Abstract
Plumbagin, a naphthoquinone derived from the medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica, has been shown to exert anti-cancer and anti-proliferative activities in vitro as well as in animal tumor models. However, the mechanism underlying its anti-tumor action still remains unclear. CRM1 is a nuclear export receptor involved in the active transport of tumor suppressors whose function is altered in cancer due to increased expression and overactive transport. We showed that CRM1 is a direct cellular target of plumbagin. The nuclei of cells incubated with plumbagin accumulated tumor-suppressor proteins and inhibited the interactions between CRM1 and these proteins. Particularly, we demonstrated that plumbagin could specifically react with the conserved Cys(528) of CRM1 but not with a Cys(528) mutant peptide through Mass spectrometric analysis. More importantly, cancer cells that are transfected with mutant CRM1 (C528S) are resistant to the inhibitory effects of plumbagin, demonstrating that the inhibition is through direct interaction with Cys(528) of CRM1. The inhibition of nuclear traffic by plumbagin may account for its therapeutic properties in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Our findings could contribute to the development of a new class of CRM1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Liu
- Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical College, China
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Abstract
Two new flavonoid glycosides, named quercetin-3-O-(2″-O-tigloyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1) and quercetin-3-O-(3″-O-tigloyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), together with 10 known flavonoids (3-12), were isolated from the whole plant of the halophyte Limonium franchetii. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis including 2D NMR and HR-EI-MS. In addition, primary bioassays showed that compound 1 had moderate cytotoxic activity against rat C6 glioma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Na Kong
- a Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
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Trabelsi N, Oueslati S, Ksouri R, Nassra M, Marchal A, Krisa S, Abdelly C, Mérillon JM, Waffo-Téguo P. The antioxidant properties of new dimer and two monomers of phenolic acid amides isolated from Limoniastrum guyonianum. Food Chem 2013; 146:466-71. [PMID: 24176369 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Limoniastramide, a new dimer of phenolic acid amide, isolated from Limoniastrum guyonianum, along with two natural monomers N-E-caffeoyl tyramine (1) and N-E-feruloyl tyramine (2), using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. We investigate the antioxidant activities of Limoniastrum amides using various in vitro assays. Results showed that N-E-feruloyl tyramine and N-E-caffeoyl tyramine exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity compared to the dimer (IC50=0.5, 0.6 and 6.5μg/ml, respectively). In addition, they have significant capacities to inhibit the bleaching of β-carotene. Limoniastramide presented the best activity with an IC50 value equal to 8μg/ml. Finally, the N-E-caffeoyl tyramine showed the highest reducing power (EC50=26μg/ml) compared to the other molecules. The present study found that L. guyonianum amides have effective in vitro antioxidant and radical scavenging activity which can be used in pharmacological and food industry due to their antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Trabelsi
- Laboratoire Des Plantes Extrêmophile, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Univ. Bordeaux2, ISVV, Groupe d'Etude des Substances Végétales à Activité Biologique, EA 3675, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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Abstract
Eleven new guanidine alkaloids, plumbagines A-G (2-8) and plumbagosides A-D (9-12), as well as two known analogues (1, 13), were isolated from the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including 1D and 2D NMR, MS, IR, and CD methods. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction of its derivative (1a).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
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Markina OV, Alekseeva LP, Markin NV. [Effect of plant extracts on cytotoxic activity of Vibrio cholerae hemolysin]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 2013:10-16. [PMID: 24341209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Study of plant extracts that have the ability to neutralize cytotoxic activity of hemolysin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preparations of purified and recombinant V. cholerae eltor hemolysin as well as supernatants of V. cholerae strains were used. Determination ofcytotoxic activity of hemolysin and neutralizing activity of plant extracts were carried out by using cell cultures CHO-K1 and CaCo2. RESULTS Out of 9 water extracts only 3 - extracts of Rhei rhizome, Limonium gmelinii and Quercus robur neutralized hemolysin in cell culture CHO-K1 and CaCo2, whereas the other extracts--Humulus lupulus, Ocimum basilicum, Chelidonium majus, Juglans regia, Achillea milefolium and Hypericum perforatum did not have anti-cytotoxic effect. Neutralizing properties of extracts are exhibited during their co-incubation with hemolysin preparations and supernatants of V. cholerae strains already within 10 minutes. CONCLUSION Plant extracts that have anti-cytotoxic activity against hemolysin are perspective for development oftherapeutic-prophylaxis preparations.
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Blainski A, Lopes GC, de Mello JCP. Application and analysis of the folin ciocalteu method for the determination of the total phenolic content from Limonium brasiliense L. Molecules 2013; 18:6852-65. [PMID: 23752469 PMCID: PMC6270247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limonium brasiliense is a common plant on the southern coast of Brazil. The roots are traditionally used for treatment of premenstrual syndrome, menstrual disturbances and genito-urinary infections. Pharmaceutical preparations obtained from its roots and used for these purposes were marketed in Brazil in the 1980s and 1990s. Currently, the Brazilian Drug Agency (National Health Surveillance Agency, ANVISA) has canceled the registration of these products, and their use was discontinued because of a lack of studies to characterize the plant raw material and ensure the effectiveness and safety of its use. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an analytical method to determine the content of total polyphenols (TP) in an extract from L. brasiliense roots, by the UV/Vis spectrophotometric method. L. brasiliense roots were extracted in acetone:water (7:3, v/v-10% w/v). The crude extract was used to develop a method for TP assay. The method was validated according to national and international guidelines. The optimum conditions for analysis time, wavelength, and standard substance were 30 min, 760 nm, and pyrogallol, respectively. Under these conditions, validation by UV/Vis spectrophotometry proved the method to be linear, specific, precise, accurate, reproducible, robust, and easy to perform. This methodology complies with the requirements for analytical application and to ensure the reliability of the results.
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Avaz S, Korcan SE, Kargioglu M, Serteser A, Konuk M, Erol I. Antimicrobial activities in root extracts of Limonium spp. growing in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. J Environ Biol 2013; 34:561-568. [PMID: 24617142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the root extracts of some Limonium species, viz. L. effusum, L. globuliferum and L. lilacinum. The root extracts obtained were evaluated against 9 bacteria, and 12 fungi isolated from hazelnut, and walnut. The maximum antibacterial activity was obseved to be in methanol extract. Furthermore, the ethanol extract of L. lilacinum also had the maximum antibacterial activity against L. monocytopenus. The methanol extract of L. lilacinum exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity among the tested extracts. Our findings showed that Limonium root extracts significantly reduced the growth of fungi as compared to control. The inhibitory effects of the Limonium root extracts on the mycelial growth of 12 fungal species isolated from nuts in agar diffusion plate assay showed fungal growth reduced at the 6th day of experiment. The mycelial growth of A. alternata was maximum inhibited (100%) by L. globuliferum water extracts on 6th day.
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Liu XM, Zhao TJ, Peng Y, Duan XL, Wei YF. [Effects of plumbagin on expression of TNF-alpha and PDGF-BB in human hepatic stellate cells activated by leptin]. Zhong Yao Cai 2013; 36:594-597. [PMID: 24134008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of plumbagin on the expression of TNF-alpha and PDGF-BB in human hepatic stellate cells (HSC-LX2) activated by Leptin. METHODS HSC-LX2 were cultured in vitro and stimulated by Leptin for 24 hours then treated with different concentrations of plumbagin for 24 hours, the expressions of TNF-alpha mRNA and PDGF-BB mRNA were determined by Realtime quantitative PCR, the protein expressions of TNF-alpha and PDGF-BB were determined-by Western blotting. RESULTS The expressions of TNF-alpha mRNA and PDGF-BB mRNA of treatment groups were significantly reduced, especially in high dose group (P < 0.01), and Western blotting analyses revealed similar trends in protein expression. CONCLUSION Plumbagin may prevent the formation of hepatic fibrosis and its mechanism may be related to decreasing the level of mRNA of TNF-alpha and PDGF-BB and the protein of PDGF-BB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Liu
- Physiological Department of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, China
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Makwali JA, Wanjala FME, Kaburi JC, Ingonga J, Byrum WW, Anjili CO. Combination and monotherapy of Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice using plant extracts and herbicides. J Vector Borne Dis 2012; 49:123-130. [PMID: 23135005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Leishmaniasis is a growing health problem in many parts of the world. Efforts to find new chemotherapeutics for leishmaniasis remain a priority. This study was carried out to determine the effect of combination and monotherapies using plant extracts and herbicides on Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice. METHODS The herbicides and saponin extract were purchased from Sigma. Roots of Plumbago capensis were collected from Karura forest, Nairobi, Kenya. Plant extractions were done in KEMRI at Center for Traditional Medicines and Drugs Research. RESULTS Lesion sizes after infection of BALB/c mice were similar in all the experimental groups till the onset of therapeutic treatments (p >0.05). At 15 days post-treatment, significant differences (p < 0.05) were discerned in the lesion sizes of the BALB/c mice in all the mono- and combined-treated groups. However, the combined therapies caused total elimination of the parasites from the lesions and significantly reduced parasite burden in liver and spleen compared to the untreated controls at the end of the experiment. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that combination therapy using alternative administration of saponin, acriflavine, trifluralin and plumbagin is effective in treating L. major infection in mice. In this regard, an investigation into the efficacy of these combined therapies against other Leishmania strains should be explored further. Furthermore, studies with these combination therapies should be done on non-human primates such as the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops).
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Makwali
- School of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Chepkoilel Campus, Moi University, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret 30100, Kenya.
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Ruangnoo S, Itharat A, Sakpakdeejaroen I, Rattarom R, Tappayutpijam P, Pawa KK. In vitro cytotoxic activity of Benjakul herbal preparation and its active compounds against human lung, cervical and liver cancer cells. J Med Assoc Thai 2012; 95 Suppl 1:S127-34. [PMID: 23964455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benjakul [BEN], a Thai Traditional medicine preparation, is composed of five plants: Piper chaba fruit [PC], Piper sarmentosum root [PS], Piper interruptum stem [PI], Plumbago indica root [PL] and Zingiber officinale rhizome [ZO]. From selective interviews of folk doctors in Southern Thailand, it was found that Benjakul has been used for cancer patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate cytotoxicity activity of Benjakul preparation [BEN] and its ingredients against three human cancer cell lines, large lung carcinoma cell line (COR-L23), cervical cancer cell line (Hela) liver cancer cell line (HepG2) as compared with normal lungfibroblast cell (MRC-5) by using SRB assay. MATERIAL AND METHOD The extraction as imitated the method used by folk doctors was done by maceration in ethanol and boiling in water Bioassay guided isolation was used isolated cytotoxic compound. RESULTS The ethanolic extracts of PL, ZO, PC, PS, BEN and PS showed specific activity against lung cancer cell (IC50 = 3.4, 7.9, 15.8, 18.4, 19.8 and 32.91 microg/ml) but all the water extracts had no cytotoxic activity. Three active ingredients [6-gingerol, plumbagin and piperine as 0.54, 4.18 and 7.48% w/w yield of crude extract respectively] were isolated from the ethanolic extract of BEN and they also showed cytotoxic activity with plumbagin showing the highest cytotoxic activity against COR-L23, HepG2, Hela and MRC-5 (IC50 = 2.55, 2.61, 4.16 and 11.54 microM respectively). CONCLUSION These data results may support the Thai traditional doctors who are using Benjakul to treat cancer patients and three of its constituents (6-gingerol, plumbagin and piperine) are suggested to be used as biomarkers for standardization of this preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srisopa Ruangnoo
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
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Dang GK, Parekar RR, Kamat SK, Scindia AM, Rege NN. Antiinflammatory activity of Phyllanthus emblica
, Plumbago zeylanica
and Cyperus rotundus
in acute models of inflammation. Phytother Res 2010; 25:904-8. [PMID: 21132843 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G K Dang
- Ayurveda Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
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38
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Kondo S, Sattaponpan C, Phongpaichit S, Srijan A, Itharat A. Antibacterial activity of Thai medicinal plants Pikutbenjakul. J Med Assoc Thai 2010; 93 Suppl 7:S131-5. [PMID: 21298838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial infections caused by resistant strains have been increased dramatically. Pikutbenjakul, a Thai medicinal plant formula containing Piper longum, Piper sarmentosum, Piper interruptum, Plumbago indica and Zingiber officinale have been widely used in Thai traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE To determine antimicrobial activity of Pikutbenjakul formula and its components in order to develop the medicinal plants for alternative treatment of bacteria causing diarrhea. MATERIAL AND METHOD Activity of Pikutbenjakul formula and its components was tested using disc diffusion and broth dilution methods against bacteria associated a set of bacteria associated with diarrheal disease including Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio vulnificus, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli (EIEC, ETEC, EPEC, EAEC and EHEC) and Staphylococcus aureus. The extraction was performed by maceration in 95% ethanol. RESULTS The results showed all tested strains were susceptible to P. indica while other components were able to inhibit some strains. P. sarmentosum showed antimicrobial activity against Vibrios with the MIC values between 0.625 to > or =5 mg/ml. P. sarmentosum, P. indica and Pikutbenjakul formulas inhibited the growth of all Vibrios. P. interruptum inhibited V. cholerae serogroups O1 and non-O1/non-O139. P. longum was able to inhibit only two isolates of V. cholerae serogroup O139 (MIC = 1.25 mg/ml) and V. vulnificus (MIC > or =5 mg/ml). The activity of Pikutbenjakul containing Zingiber spp. and Pikutbenjakul containing Z. officinal against Vibrios, Shigella spp. and S. aureus was not significantly different. P. indica could inhibit Salmonella (MIC > or =5 mg/ml), E. coli (MIC > or =5 mg/ml) and S. aureus (MIC = 1.25 mg/ml). CONCLUSION The results support the Thai medicinal plants for treatment of diarrhea caused by these bacteria. This study also provides an insightful knowledge on antimicrobial activity which would lead to further development of an effective formula of Pikutbenjakul for diarrheal disease and other infectious diseases in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumalee Kondo
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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Itharat A, Sakpakdeejaroen I. Determination of cytotoxic compounds of Thai traditional medicine called Benjakul using HPLC. J Med Assoc Thai 2010; 93 Suppl 7:S198-203. [PMID: 21294415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Benjakul is a Thai traditional medicine preparation, used for balanced health. From selective interviews of folk doctors in southern Thailand, it was used as the adaptogen drug for cancer patients. In our previous study, the ethanolic extract of Benjakul preparation exhibited high cytotoxic activity against lung cancer cell lines (COR-L23). Piperine has been identified as the main compound in the extract. In addition, plumbagin was found as the most cytotoxic compound. In this study, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quality control such as chemical fingerprint, quantification and stability of the ethanolic extract of Benjakul preparation was developed. The reversed-phase HPLC was performed with a gradient mobile phase composed of water and acetronitrile, and peaks were detected at 256 nm. Based on validation results, this analytical method is precise, accurate and stable for quantitative determination of piperine and plumbagin which are cytotoxic compounds isolated from the ethanolic extract of Benjakul preparation. This method could be suitable for analysis of Benjakul extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunporn Itharat
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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Jetty A, Subhakar C, Rajagopal D, Jetty M, Subramanyam M, Marthanda Murthy M. Antimicrobial activities of neo- and 1-epineo-isoshinanolones from Plumbago zeylanica roots. Pharm Biol 2010; 48:1007-1011. [PMID: 20731552 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903433760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The roots of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. (Plumbaginaceae) are reputed to have a wide spectrum of therapeutic properties in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. They are useful in curing many ailments such as skin diseases, diarrhea, plague and leprosy. OBJECTIVE The study was aimed at isolating, separating and evaluating the antimicrobial properties of compounds such as neoisoshinanolone and 1-epineo-isoshinanolone from the roots of P. zeylanica. MATERIALS AND METHODS The crude petroleum ether extract of roots of P. zeylanica was subjected to repeated chromatographic techniques to separate compounds 2 and 3 along with plumbagin. Structure elucidation was carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infra red (IR) and mass spectroscopy. The serial dilution method was used to test antimicrobial activities and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) expressed in microg/mL. RESULTS 1-Epineo-isoshinanolone is more active with a MIC of 12.5-25 microg/mL whereas neoisoshinanolone has recorded a MIC of 50-100 microg/mL. The activities are compared with plumbagin (0.78-3.13 microg/mL) and standards streptomycin for bacteria and nystatin for fungi. DISCUSSION Earlier researchers have established the presence of plumbagin in the roots of P. zeylanica and its antimicrobial activities. The structure elucidation of two more biologically active biogenetic precursors along with their activities in the root extracts has been established for the first time in the present study. CONCLUSION The root extract of P. zeylanica possesses good antimicrobial activity, which suggests its therapeutic use in the Ayurvedic system of medicine to cure skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Jetty
- Microbiology Laboratory, Bioengineering and Environmental Center, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.
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Kozhamkulova ZA, Radwan MM, Zhusupova GE, Abilov ZZ, Rahadilova SN, Ross SA. Gmelinoside I, a new flavonol glycoside from Limonium gmelinii. Nat Prod Commun 2010; 5:1061-1062. [PMID: 20734940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gmelinoside I (1), a new flavonol glycoside, was isolated and chemically characterized as 3,5,7,3',4',5'-hexahydroxy-3-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosylflavone from the aerial part of Limonium gmelinii Kuntze (Plumbaginaceae).. Other compounds were identified as (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, myricetin, myricetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin-3-O-beta-D-galactoside-6"-O-gallate and caprolactam. The antibacterial, antifungal and antileishmanial activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Myricetin showed moderate antileishmanial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanar A Kozhamkulova
- Al-farabi Kazakh National University, School of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Kazakhstan
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Sheeja E, Joshi SB, Jain DC. Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive compound from Plumbago zeylanica leaf. Pharm Biol 2010; 48:381-387. [PMID: 20645715 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903156424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Plumbago zeylanica Linn. (Plumbaginaceae) is used in the treatment of various inflammatory ailments in traditional medicines. In order to validate these ethnobotanical practices, the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of various leaf extracts (petroleum ether (60-80 degrees ), chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and aqueous) were studied using in vivo experimental models at two dose levels (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.). Anti-inflammatory activity was tested using the carrageenan induced rat hind paw edema method while analgesic activity was studied using the hot plate and formalin induced models. Diclofenac (100 mg/ kg) was used as the reference standard in both anti-inflammatory and analgesic models and morphine (10 mg/ kg, i.p.) was used as the reference standard in the formalin induced analgesic model. The acetone extract significantly (p < 0.01) reduced inflammation in the rats when compared to the control group. As for the analgesia effect, the acetone and petroleum ether extracts significantly (p < 0.01) decreased the pain stimulus only in the later phase of the formalin test, suggesting that the drug could be peripherally acting. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the acetone extract led to the isolation and identification of plumbagin. Structure elucidation of plumbagin confirmed it as 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, a naphthaquinone derivative, through spectral techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sheeja
- Department of Herbal Drug Research, B. R. Nahata College of Pharmacy and Research Center, Mandsaur, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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43
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Sreelatha T, Hymavathi A, Murthy JM, Rani PU, Rao JM, Babu KS. Bioactivity-guided isolation of mosquitocidal constituents from the rhizomes of Plumbago capensis Thunb. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2974-7. [PMID: 20347303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical examination of chloroform extract of Plumbago capensis roots resulted in isolation and characterization of two new napthaquinone derivatives (4, 8) along with six known compounds (1-3, 5-7). Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR) data analysis and by comparison with the literature data. All the compounds were tested for their mosquito larvicidal activity against fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, and compared with that of rotenone. Among the tested compounds, isoshinanolone (3) and plumbagin (1) showed excellent toxicity with LC(50) values of 1.26 and 5.43 microg/mL. New compound (8) displayed moderate toxicity against the tested mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sreelatha
- Division of Organic Chemistry-I, Natural Product Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 607, India
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44
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Hu JH, Gao L, Peng XM, Huo SX, Yan M. [Process comparison of fingerprints of different extracts of Plumbago zeylanica by high performance liquid chromatography]. Zhong Yao Cai 2010; 33:272-275. [PMID: 20575425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To optimize the separation conditions of fingerprints of Plumbago zeylanica by high performance liquid chromatography, on this basis, to choose the best way for extracting Plumbago zeylanica by high performance liquid chromatography. METHODS The investigation of HPLC-FPs of the different extraction samples was by the retention time and the relative area of common peaks in fingerprints. RESULTS We established the optimum separation conditions of HPLC-FPs for Plumbago zeylanica and there were 4 common peaks in fingerprints. According to the contrast research, the HPLC-FPs of the 90% ethanol extraction and SBE extraction of Plumbago zeylanica were quite similar, and they both had 9 common peaks in fingerprints, It was better to use SBE rather than WE in the extraction of Plumbago zeylanica. CONCLUSION The SBE may replace the WE and ethanol extraction of Plumbago zeylanica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-hui Hu
- Pharmacy College of ShiHeZi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
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45
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Wang B, Xu YF, Li GQ, Guan HS. [Determination of 27 inorganic elements in Limonium bicolor by ICP-MS using microwave digestion for sample preparation]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2009; 29:3138-3140. [PMID: 20102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for determination of the contents of 27 inorganic elements in Limonium bicolor after microwave digestion of the sample was developed. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by the analysis of corresponding inorganic elements in standard reference materials (GBW 07605), and matrix effect and signal drift were compensated by using the internal standard elements (Ge, In and Bi). By applying the proposed method, the contents of 27 inorganic elements in Limonium bicolor collected from Dongying (Shandong Province of China) were determined. The precision of measurement ranges from 1.5% to 9.7% in terms of relative standard deviation. The recoveries and the limits of detection are in the range of 92.4%-107.2% and 0.002-0.081 microg x L(-1), respectively. It is indicated that the proposed method has the advantages of simplicity, speediness and sensitivity. The results showed that the Limonium bicolor are rich in major elements Na, K, Ca and Mg and trace elements Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr and Cu. This paper provides scientific basis for deeply studying the relation between the inorganic elements and the drug effects of Limonium bicolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
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46
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Smirnova GV, Vysochina GI, Muzyka NG, Samoĭlova ZI, Kukushkina TA, Oktiabr'skiĭ ON. [The antioxidant characteristics of medicinal plant extracts from Western Siberia]. Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol 2009; 45:705-709. [PMID: 20067157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An antioxidant activity of the water-alcohol extracts of leaves of ten herbs from Western Siberia was studied. In vivo the capability of extracts to protect cells of Escherichia coli against the bacteriostatic action of H2O2 and the influence of the extracts on the expression of the antioxidant gene katG coding catalase-hydroperoxidase I were investigated. In vitro the radical-binding activity with DPhPG (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical), the chelating capability with ferrozine, and total composition of flavonoids and tannins were determined. The extracts of Filipendula stepposa and Limonium gmelinii were characterized by the highest antioxidant activity. According to data, the test extracts could have an antioxidant effect on bacteria in different ways at once including the direct inhibition of ROS (reactive oxygen species), iron ion chelation and antioxidant gene induction.
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Ravindra KC, Selvi BR, Arif M, Reddy BAA, Thanuja GR, Agrawal S, Pradhan SK, Nagashayana N, Dasgupta D, Kundu TK. Inhibition of lysine acetyltransferase KAT3B/p300 activity by a naturally occurring hydroxynaphthoquinone, plumbagin. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:24453-64. [PMID: 19570987 PMCID: PMC2782038 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.023861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2009] [Revised: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs), p300 (KAT3B), and its close homologue CREB-binding protein (KAT3A) are probably the most widely studied KATs with well documented roles in various cellular processes. Hence, the dysfunction of p300 may result in the dysregulation of gene expression leading to the manifestation of many disorders. The acetyltransferase activity of p300/CREB-binding protein is therefore considered as a target for new generation therapeutics. We describe here a natural compound, plumbagin (RTK1), isolated from Plumbago rosea root extract, that inhibits histone acetyltransferase activity potently in vivo. Interestingly, RTK1 specifically inhibits the p300-mediated acetylation of p53 but not the acetylation by another acetyltransferase, p300/CREB-binding protein -associated factor, PCAF, in vivo. RTK1 inhibits p300 histone acetyltransferase activity in a noncompetitive manner. Docking studies and site-directed mutagenesis of the p300 histone acetyltransferase domain suggest that a single hydroxyl group of RTK1 makes a hydrogen bond with the lysine 1358 residue of this domain. In agreement with this, we found that indeed the hydroxyl group-substituted plumbagin derivatives lost the acetyltransferase inhibitory activity. This study describes for the first time the chemical entity (hydroxyl group) required for the inhibition of acetyltransferase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodihalli C. Ravindra
- From the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064
| | - B. Ruthrotha Selvi
- From the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064
| | - Mohammed Arif
- From the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064
| | - B. A. Ashok Reddy
- From the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064
| | - Gali R. Thanuja
- From the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064
| | - Shipra Agrawal
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, International Technology Park Bangalore, Whitefield Road, Bangalore 560066
| | - Suman Kalyan Pradhan
- Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, I/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Natesh Nagashayana
- Central Government Health Scheme Dispensary Number 3, Basavanagudi, Bangalore 560004, and
| | - Dipak Dasgupta
- Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, I/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Tapas K. Kundu
- From the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064
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Dubey N, Dubey N, Mehta R, Saluja AK. Determination of psoralen and plumbagin from its polyherbal oil formulations by an HPTLC densitometric method. J AOAC Int 2009; 92:779-784. [PMID: 19610367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Many polyherbal oil formulations in Indian and Chinese traditional systems of medicine used for control of skin diseases contain seeds of Psoralea corylifolia and roots of Plumbago zeylanica L. Psoralen and plumbagin are the reliable markers for Ps. corylifolia and Pl. zeylanica, respectively. However, no attempt is made to standardize the polyherbal oil formulations containing Ps. corylifolia and Pl. zeylanica in terms of their active ingredients or marker compounds. In this paper, a simple, rapid, and sensitive HPTLC method is described for the first time to identify and quantify psoralen and plumbagin from such polyherbal oil formulations. The methanolic extract of oil formulations was used for analysis of markers. Psoralen gives a sharp UV absorbance peak at 302 nm and plumbagin at 275 nm. Good resolution of psoralen (Rf = 0.37) and plumbagin (Rf = 0.77) was attained using toluene-ethyl acetate (7.5 + 2.5, v/v) mobile phase. The method was validated in terms of calibration curve, limits of detection and quantification, precision, accuracy, and robustness following a standard protocol. Polyherbal oil formulations were analyzed with reasonable accuracy, and no matrix interference was observed. The method developed can be used for marker-based quality assurance of oil formulations containing Ps. corylifolia and Pl. zeylanica as one active ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Dubey
- Devi Ahilya Vishwa Vidyalaya, School of Pharmacy, Indore, India.
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Tan MX, Chen ZF, Wang HS, Liu YC, Liang H. [Analysis of macroelements and microelements in Chinese traditional medicine Plumbago zeylanica Linn by ICP-AES]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2009; 29:1112-1114. [PMID: 19626914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Twenty macroelements and microelements were analyzed in the leaves, stems and roots of Plumbago zeylanica Linn from Guangxi by inductively.coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Four macroelements, Na, K, Ca and Mg, five essential microelements, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cr and Co, and eight other elements, Mo, Sb, Bi, Cd, Sr, Pb, Cd and As, were detected in all samples. The contents of the elements are varied in different parts of P. zeylanica. For all the determined elements, the contents in the leaves and roots are relatively higher as compared to those in the stems and it is in concurrence with the active parts of Plumbago zeylanica for the cure of antioxidant and anticancer drugs, as the elements Na, K, Ca, Zn, Fe, Mn, Sr, Cu and Co are the highest in leaves, followed by those is in roots. Many anticancer herbs usually show comparatively rich Zn, Mn, Fe, as well as Cr,Sr and Cu. Plumbago zeylanica exists with abundant Zn, Mn and Fe and a certain amount of Cr, Sr and Cu. The results would provide useful data for discussing the relationship between the elements in Chinese traditional medicine and its activities, and could be useful for the exploitation of the Chinese traditional medicinal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-xiong Tan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Tang XH, Gao J, Chen J, Xu LZ, Tang YH, Zhao XN, Michael L. Mitochondrial modulation is involved in the hepatoprotection of Limonium sinense extract against liver damage in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 120:427-431. [PMID: 18948181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Revised: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Limonium sinense (Girard) Ktze is a Chinese folk medicine used to treat fever, hemorrhage, hepatitis, and other disorders. The present research focused on the protective effects of L. sinense extracts (LSE) against liver damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study the extract from the root of Limonium sinense was used. Aminotransferase activity detection, electron microscopy, mitochondrial function evaluation, RT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the hepatoprotection of LSE in LPS/d-GalN-intoxicated mice. RESULTS Pretreatment with 100, 200 or 400mg/kg LSE significantly blocked the increase in both serum aspartate aminotransferase (sAST) and serum alanine aminotransferase (sALT) levels induced by treatment with LPS plus d-GalN (LPS/d-GalN). Ultrastructural observation by electron microscopy showed reduced hepatocyte nuclear condensation and less lipid deposition. The decrease in both the mitochondrial membrane potential (14.6%) and sensitivity to mitochondrial swelling induced by Ca(2+) (45.9%) observed in the liver of LPS/d-GalN-treated mice were prevented by pretreatment with LSE. In addition, different doses of LSE increased both the transcription and the translation of voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC), which was down-regulated by LPS/d-GalN treatment. CONCLUSIONS In summary, LSE protects livers against LPS/d-GalN-induced damage, possibly by mitochondrial mechanisms related to increased expression of VDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' College, 50 Kaifang Road, Yancheng 224002, PR China.
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