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Zhao Q, Li J, Shang Q, Jiang J, Pu H, Fang X, Qin X, Zhou J, Wang N, Wang X, Gu W. Optimization of the Extraction Process and Biological Activities of Triterpenoids of Schisandra sphenanthera from Different Medicinal Parts and Growth Stages. Molecules 2024; 29:2199. [PMID: 38792061 PMCID: PMC11123978 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils., as a traditional Chinese medicine, has important medicinal value. In the market, the availability of the fruit of S. sphenanthera mainly relies on wild picking, but many canes and leaves are discarded during wild collection, resulting in a waste of resources. The canes and leaves of S. sphenanthera contain various bioactive ingredients and can be used as spice, tea, and medicine and so present great utilization opportunities. Therefore, it is helpful to explore the effective components and biological activities of the canes and leaves to utilize S. sphenanthera fully. In this study, the response surface method with ultrasound was used to extract the total triterpenoids from the canes and leaves of S. sphenanthera at different stages. The content of total triterpenoids in the leaves at different stages was higher than that in the canes. The total triterpenoids in the canes and leaves had strong antioxidant and antibacterial abilities. At the same time, the antibacterial activity of the total triterpenoids against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was stronger than that against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study provides the foundation for the development and utilization of the canes and leaves that would relieve the shortage of fruit resources of S. sphenanthera.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaorui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.S.); (J.J.); (H.P.); (X.F.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Wei Gu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.S.); (J.J.); (H.P.); (X.F.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.); (N.W.)
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Liu SQ, Yang YP, Hussain N, Jian YQ, Li B, Qiu YX, Yu HH, Wang HZ, Wang W. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the family Schisandraceae: A review of phytochemistry, structure-activity relationship, and hepatoprotective effects. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106872. [PMID: 37516152 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury is a common pathological process characterized by massive degeneration and abnormal death of liver cells. With increase in dead cells and necrosis, liver injury eventually leads to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatic fibrosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Consequently, it is necessary to treat liver injury and to prevent its progression. The drug Bicylol is widely employed in China to treat chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and has therapeutic potential for liver injury. It is the derivative of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans extracted from Schisandra chinensis (SC). The Schisandraceae family is a rich source of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, which possesses potential liver protective activity. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the phytochemistry, structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanisms underlying the liver protective activities of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the Schisandraceae family. Here, we had discussed the analysis of absorption or permeation properties of 358 compounds based on Lipinski's rule of five. So far, 358 dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans have been reported, with 37 of them exhibited hepatoprotective effects. The molecular mechanism of the active compounds mainly involves antioxidative stress, anti-inflammation and autophagy through Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Keap1/Nrf2/ARE), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad 2/3 signaling pathways. This review is expected to provide scientific ideas for future research related to developing and utilizing the dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Schisandraceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qi Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yu-Pei Yang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Nusrat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Baltistan Skardu, Skardu 16100, Pakistan
| | - Yu-Qing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yi-Xing Qiu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Huang-He Yu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
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Jia M, Zhou L, Lou Y, Yang X, Zhao H, Ouyang X, Huang Y. An analysis of the nutritional effects of Schisandra chinensis components based on mass spectrometry technology. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1227027. [PMID: 37560060 PMCID: PMC10408133 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1227027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (S. chinensis) is a Traditional Chinese medicinal herb that can be used both for medicinal purposes and as a food ingredient due to its beneficial properties, and it is enriched with a wide of natural plant nutrients, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, lignans, triterpenes, organic acids, and sugars. At present, there is lack of comprehensive study or systemic characterization of nutritional and active ingredients of S. chinensis using innovative mass spectrometry techniques. METHODS The comprehensive review was conducted by searching the PubMed databases for relevant literature of various mass spectrometry techniques employed in the analysis of nutritional components in S. chinensis, as well as their main nutritional effects. The literature search covered the past 5 years until March 15, 2023. RESULTS The potential nutritional effects of S. chinensis are discussed, including its ability to enhance immunity, function as an antioxidant, anti-allergen, antidepressant, and anti-anxiety agent, as well as its ability to act as a sedative-hypnotic and improve memory, cognitive function, and metabolic imbalances. Meanwhile, the use of advanced mass spectrometry detection technologies have the potential to enable the discovery of new nutritional components of S. chinensis, and to verify the effects of different extraction methods on these components. The contents of anthocyanins, lignans, organic acids, and polysaccharides, the main nutritional components in S. chinensis, are also closely associated to its quality. CONCLUSION This review will provide guidelines for an in-depth study on the nutritional value of S. chinensis and for the development of healthy food products with effective components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hangyu Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinshou Ouyang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Disease Section, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Ye JH, Chen RS, Xu CY, Zou J, Zhang JJ. Crystal structure of (3a7 R,13b R)-3-((1 R)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-methyl-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2 H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl)-3a,11,11,13b-tetramethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,11,11a,12,13,13b-decahydroindeno[5′,4′:4,5] cyclohepta[1,2- c]oxepin-9(1 H)-one, C 30H 40O 5. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
C30H40O5, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.5012(3) Å, b = 15.3297(7) Å, c = 21.8138(14) Å, V = 2672.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0537, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1355, T = 273(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hai Ye
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Guiyang 550025 , P. R. China
| | - Ren-Song Chen
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Guiyang 550025 , P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Yan Xu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Guiyang 550025 , P. R. China
| | - Juan Zou
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Guiyang 550025 , P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jie Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Guiyang 550025 , P. R. China
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Yu X, Su T, Liu B. Two new triterpenoids preventing the hydrocortisone-induced injury in HMEC-1 cells from Momordica charantia L. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:663-668. [PMID: 35546104 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2075863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Momordica charantia L. (M. charantia) is an annual climbing herb in Cucurbitaceae. As a medicinal and edible homologous plant, it has a long history of application. This study aims to isolate and identify the chemical constituents from M. charantia and evaluate their prevention effect on hydrocortisone-induced injury in HMEC-1 cells. 10 kg of M. charantia was extracted with 95% ethanol for three times and partitioned with petroleum ether, dichloromethane and n-butanol. The dichloromethane part was performed by silica, ODS silica, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC to obtain two new compounds. The prevention effect on hydrocortisone-induced injury in HMEC-1 cells of these two compounds was determined by the method of CCK-8. The cell viability of HMEC-1 cells treated with 2 (25 μM) was 85.85% ± 4.39%. The results indicated that 2 exhibited significantly prevention effect on hydrocortisone-induced injury in HMEC-1 cells but 1 exhibited no this activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Yu
- Department of Respiratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Tongchun Su
- Department of Cadre Diagnosis and Treatment, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, P.R. China
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Li F, Li B, Liu J, Wei X, Qiang T, Mu X, Wang Y, Qi Y, Zhang B, Liu H, Xiao P. Anti-asthmatic fraction screening and mechanisms prediction of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus based on a combined approach. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902324. [PMID: 36172200 PMCID: PMC9511055 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (SSF) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat coughs and pulmonary inflammatory diseases. However, the pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanisms for SSF in asthma treatment remain unclear. This study aims to screen the anti-asthmatic fraction and verify the pharmacodynamic material basis, predict the potential mechanism, and verify the interaction ability between compounds and core targets. Methods: First, three fractions from SSF were compared in terms of composition, comparison, and anti-asthmatic effects. Then, the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) strategy was used to identify the compounds from the active fraction, and the anti-asthmatic efficacy of the active fraction was further studied by the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma murine model. Finally, network pharmacology and molecular methods were used to study the relationships between active compounds, core targets, and key pathways of PEF in asthma treatments. Results: The petroleum ether fraction (PEF) of SSF showed better effects and could significantly diminish lung inflammation and mitigate the level of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-17 in mice. A total of 26 compounds from the PEF were identified, among which the main compounds are lignans and triterpenes. Moreover, 21 active compounds, 129 overlap-ping targets, and 10 pathways were screened by network pharmacology tools. The top five core targets may play a great role in asthma treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis suggested that the PEF can treat asthma by acting on multiple asthma pathological processes, including the IL-17 signaling pathway, T helper (Th) 17 cell differentiation, and the calcium signaling pathway. Molecular docking was performed to evaluate the interactions of the protein–ligand binding, and most docked complexes had a good binding ability. Conclusion: The present results might contribute to exploring the active compounds with anti-asthmatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiushi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueping Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyan Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlu Mu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yaodong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bengang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Haitao Liu,
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang YQ, Liu Y, Zhang ZP, Wu DD, Zhuang LX, Algradi AM, Kuang HX, Yang BY. Schisandraceae triterpenoids: A review of phytochemistry, bioactivities and synthesis. Fitoterapia 2022; 161:105230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yang K, Qiu J, Huang Z, Yu Z, Wang W, Hu H, You Y. A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. and Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114759. [PMID: 34678416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra chinensis (called bei-wuweizi in Chinese, S. chinensis) and Schisandra sphenanthera (called nan-wuweizi in Chinese, S. sphenanthera) are two highly similar plants in the Magnoliaceae family. Their dried ripe fruits are commonly used as traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of coughs, palpitation, spermatorrhea, and insomnia. They also are traditionally used as tonics in Russia, Japan, and Korea. AIM OF THE REVIEW S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera are similar in appearance, traditional applications, ingredient compositions, and therapeutic effects. This review, therefore, aims to provide a systematic insight into the botanical background, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, quality control, and toxicology of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera, and to explore and present the similarities and differences between S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search regarding S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera was collected by using electronic databases including PubMed, SciFinder, Science Direct, Web of Science, CNKI, and the online ethnobotanical database. RESULTS In the 2020 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP), there were 100 prescriptions containing S. chinensis, while only 11 contained S. sphenanthera. Totally, 306 and 238 compounds have been isolated and identified from S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera, respectively. Among these compounds, lignans, triterpenoids, essential oils, phenolic acid, flavonoids, phytosterols are the major composition. Through investigation of pharmacological activities, S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera have similar therapeutic effects including hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, cardioprotection, anticancer, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and hypoglycemic effect. Besides, S. chinensis turns out to have more effects including reproductive regulation and immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antitussive and antiasthmatic, anti-fatigue, antiarthritic, and bone remodeling effects. Both S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera have inhibitory effects on CYP3A and P-gp, which can mediate metabolism or efflux of substrates, and therefore interact with many drugs. CONCLUSIONS S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera have great similarities. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are regarded to contribute to most of the bioactivities. Schisandrin A-C, schisandrol A-B, and schisantherin A, existing in both S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera but differing in the amount, are the main active components, which may contribute to the similarities and differences. Study corresponding to the traditional use is needed to reveal the deep connotation of the use of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera as traditional Chinese medicine. In addition, a joint study of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera can better show the difference between them, which can provide a reference for clinical application. It is worth mentioning that the inhibition of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera on CYP3A and P-gp may lead to undesirable drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zecheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ziwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Huiling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yu You
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Wang X, Xu S, Wu Z, Li Y, Wang Y, Wu Z, Zhu G, Yang M. A novel ultrasound-assisted vacuum drying technique for improving drying efficiency and physicochemical properties of Schisandra chinensis extract powder. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:49-59. [PMID: 35035908 PMCID: PMC8751443 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis) extract powder is an important intermediate for the preparation of many prepared medicines and health products. The physicochemical properties of S. chinensis extract powder have been found to vary tremendously and this has been attributed to the long drying time in the traditional drying method. In this study, S. chinensis specimens were authenticated as the dry fruit of S. chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. S. chinensis were extracted twice with 8 L kg-1 (liquid to solid ratio) distilled water. The extracts were mixed and concentrated under reduced pressure to 1.24 g cm-3. Ultrasound-assisted vacuum drying (UAVD) was employed as a new approach to improve the efficiency in drying S. chinensis extract powder and produce a higher quality product. The effects of drying temperature (70, 80, 90°C), ultrasonic power (40, 120, 200 W), and ultrasonic application time (4, 12, 20 min every 20 min) on the kinetics and quality of S. chinensis extract were investigated and compared with the conventional vacuum drying (CVD). It was shown that, with the increase in drying temperature, ultrasonic power, and time of UAVD, the drying time for S. chinensis extract to reach the equilibrium moisture decreased. The drying time was reduced by more than 25% when utilizing UAVD compared to the CVD method. The effective moisture diffusivity (D eff) values for CVD and UAVD were 3.48 × 10-9 m2·s-1 and 7.41 × 10-9 m2 s-1, respectively, at the drying temperature of 80°C, indicating an increase of 112.93%. It was also found that a Weibull distribution model was suitable for predicting the moisture content of S. chinensis extract (R 2 > 0.95). Furthermore, the content of Schisandrol A in the extracts obtained from UAVD was 12.79% higher than that obtained using CVD at 90°C. This demonstrates that UAVD is an efficient drying technique for S. chinensis extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Shijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Zhicheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Yuanhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Genhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese MedicineMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
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Huang S, Zhang D, Li Y, Fan H, Liu Y, Huang W, Deng C, Wang W, Song X. Schisandra sphenanthera: A Comprehensive Review of its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Clinical Applications. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:1577-1622. [PMID: 34559620 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils (S. sphenanthera) is a single species of Schisandra genus, Magnoliaceae family, and it is a famous medicinal herb mostly growing in southern China, China Taiwan and Vietnam. S. sphenanthera is usually used for the treatments of hepatitis, Alzheimer's disease, renal transplantation, osteoporosis, and insomnia. In present studies, approximately 310 natural constituents have been isolated from S. sphenanthera, including lignans, triterpenes, volatile oils, and polysaccharides, which were mainly obtained from the fruits and stems of S. sphenanthera. Pharmocological studies have shown that the extracts and monomeric compounds of S. sphenanthera possessed wide-range bioactivities, such as antitumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, osteoblastic, immune regulation, neuroprotective, kidney protection, hepatoprotective, and antiviral activities. However, resource availability, quality control measures, in-depth in vivo pharmacological study, and clinical application are still insufficient and deserve further studies. This review systematically summarized literatures on the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, development utilization, and clinical application of S. sphenanthera, in hopes of provide a useful reference for researchers for further studies of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Hao Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Chong Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046, P. R. China
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11
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Wu Z, Liang D, Xu M, Liu Y, Xie H. A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Schisandrol B After Oral Administration of Schisandrol B Monomer and Schisandra chinensis Extract. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916666191114122101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Schisandra chinensis Turcz. (Baill.) is a perennial deciduous woody vine
plant, which is beneficial to all systems of the body.
Objective:
The goals of the present study were to compare the pharmacokinetics of schisandrol B in
rats after the oral administration of schisandrol B monomer (10 mg/kg) and S. chinensis extract (equivalent
to 10 mg/kg schisandrol B) and to explore interactions among the components in S. chinensis
extract.
Methods:
Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into the monomer and
S.chinensis extract groups. Plasma samples were extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether, and chromatographic
separation was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm)
column with the mobile phase consisting of methanol (containing 0.1% formic acid)-water (containing
0.1% formic acid and 5 mmol ammonium acetate). This analysis was achieved by multiple reaction
monitoring modes in an electrospray interface.
Results:
The seven lignans had a good linear relationship within the determination range (r>0.9950);
the intra- and inter-day precision was <12.08% and accuracy was 88.64%-111.61%. The pharmacokinetic
parameters (T1/2, Tmax, MRT0-∞, CL, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞) of schisandrol B showed significant
differences between the two groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion:
The validated method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics of schisandrin,
schisandrol B, schisandrin A, schisandrin B, schisandrin C, schisanhenol, and schisantherin A.
The pharmacokinetic differences indicate that other components in the extract may increase the absorption
of schisandrol B, decrease the rate of elimination, and improve the bioavailability of schisandrol B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Dahu Liang
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Maodi Xu
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Yanhao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Haitang Xie
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
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12
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Zhou M, Peng X, Zhou J, Liu Y, Meng X, Ruan H. Triterpenoids from the stems and leaves of Schisandra incarnata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 177:112448. [PMID: 32570050 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Six undescribed triterpenoids, schincarins A‒F, categorized as the preschisanartane (schincarin A), 3,4-secocycloartane (schincarins B‒D), 3,4; 9,10-disecocycloartane (schincarin E), and 3,4-secolanostane (schincarin F) classes, along with twelve known analogues, were obtained from the stems and leaves of Schisandra incarnata Stapf. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of schincarin A was corroborated by analysis of the experimental ECD spectrum, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction with Mo Kα irradiation. Schincarin A represented the first example of preschisanartane-type triterpenoid with two oxa-bridged hemiketals. Among the selected compounds which were evaluated for immunosuppressive activities, schincarin C and kadsudilactone A showed potential inhibition against ConA-induced T-cell proliferation with IC50 values of 5.83 and 6.32 μM, and LPS-induced B cell proliferation with IC50 values of 10.21 and 11.49 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Hangkonglu 13, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Hangkonglu 13, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Hangkonglu 13, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Hangkonglu 13, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianggao Meng
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanli Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Hangkonglu 13, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Comparison of flavonoids and phenylpropanoids compounds in Chinese water chestnut processed with different methods. Food Chem 2020; 335:127662. [PMID: 32739819 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Different processing methods of Chinese water chestnut (CWC; Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Trin. ex Hensch.) steaming with skin (WPC), cooking with skin (WPS), steaming with peeling (PS), fresh cutting (FF) and cooking with peeling (PC) were compared. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the metabolic profiles of the processed samples. A total of 454 metabolites, including 123 flavonoids and 57 phenylpropanoids, were characterized. The flavonoid and phenylpropanoid profiles were distinguished using PCA. Eighteen flavonoids and six phenylpropanoids were detected and quantitated in the WPC and WPS samples but not in the FF, PC and PS samples. In addition to the O-hexoside of tricin, kaempferol and luteolin were the predominant flavonoids in the WPC and WPS samples, and all three compounds were higher in the WPC and WPS samples than in the FF sample. This study provides new results regarding differences in the metabolite profile of CWC processed with different methods.
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14
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Zhang Y, Lv X, Qu J, Zhang X, Zhang M, Gao H, Zhang Q, Liu R, Xu H, Li Q, Bi K. A systematic strategy for screening therapeutic constituents of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz .) Baill infiltrated blood-brain barrier oriented in lesions using ethanol and water extracts: a novel perspective for exploring chemical material basis of herb medicines. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:557-568. [PMID: 32140399 PMCID: PMC7049611 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis, a widely used Chinese herbal medicine, was considered as central nervous system (CNS) drug for years. Both ethanol extracts (EES) and water extracts (WES) of it were applied clinically. Unfortunately, the difference of their efficacy and even effective material foundation of S. chinensis remains obscure. In this study, to explore the active constituents of S. chinensis, we compared pharmacodynamics and chemical profiles in vitro/in vivo of EES/WES for the first time using multiple chemical analysis, pharmacological and data processing approaches. It was proved that there was no significant difference in the anti-depressive effects between WES and EES. However, the contents of most components in vitro and in plasma were higher in EES than those in WES, which was unconvincing for their similar efficacy. Therefore, we further explored components of S. chinensis targeted onto brain and the results showed that 5 lignans were identified with definite absorptivity respectively both in EES and WES caused by the limitation of blood−brain barrier. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis predicted their anti-depressive action. Above all, the systematic strategy screened 5 brain-targeted effective substances of S. chinensis and it was suggested that exploring the components into nidi would promote the studies on herbs effective material basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinyan Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiameng Qu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hao Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huarong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 24 23986012; fax: +86 24 23986259.
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15
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Zhang Y, Lv X, Liu R, Zhang M, Liu H, Gao H, Zhang Q, Xu H, Li Q, Bi K. An integrated strategy for ascertaining quality marker of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill based on correlation analysis between depression-related monoaminergic metabolites and chemical components profiling. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1598:122-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Zálešák F, Bon DJYD, Pospíšil J. Lignans and Neolignans: Plant secondary metabolites as a reservoir of biologically active substances. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104284. [PMID: 31136813 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lignans and neolignans are plant secondary metabolites derived from the oxidative coupling of phenylpropanoids. Biological activity of these phenolic compounds ranges from antioxidant, antitumor (terminaloside P, IC50 = 10 nM), anti-inflammatory, anti-neurodegenerative (schibitubin B, IC50 = 3.2 nM) and antiviral (patentiflorin A, IC50 = 14-23 nM) to antimicrobial. In addition, it was observed that several members of this group, namely enterolactone and its biochemical precursors also known as phytoestrogens, possess important protective properties. Most of these lignans and neolignans are presented in reasonable amounts in one's diet and thus the protection they provide against the colon and breast cancer, to name a few, is even more important to note. Similarly, neuroprotective properties were observed (schisanwilsonin G, IC50 = 3.2 nM) These structural motives also serve as an important starting point in the development of anticancer drugs. Presumably the most famous members of this family, etoposide and teniposide, synthetic derivatives of podophyllotoxin, are used in the clinical treatment of lymphocytic leukemia, certain brain tumors, and lung tumors already for nearly 20 years. This review describes 413 lignans and neolignans which have been isolated between 2016 and mid-2018 being reported in more than 300 peer-reviewed articles. It covers their source, structure elucidation, and bioactivity. Within the review, the structure-based overview of compounds as well as the bioactivity-based overview of compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Zálešák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, tř. 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - David Jean-Yves Denis Bon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, tř. 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Pospíšil
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, tř. 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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17
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Liu Y, Yu HY, Wang YM, Tian T, Wu WM, Zhou M, Meng XG, Ruan HL. Neuroprotective Lignans from the Fruits of Schisandra bicolor var. tuberculata. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1117-1124. [PMID: 28333453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nine new lignans (1-9) and ten known analogues (10-19) were isolated from the fruits of Schisandra bicolor var. tuberculata. The structures of compounds 1-9 were established on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis with Cu Kα irradiation techniques, and the absolute configurations of compounds 2-9 were deduced by comparing their experimental ECD spectra and optical rotations with those of compound 1 or similar compounds. All isolates were evaluated for their neuroprotective activities against CoCl2, H2O2, and Aβ25-35-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury, and were found to exhibit different degrees of neuroprotective effects. At a low concentration of 3.2 nM, compounds 3, 8, 9, and 14-19 in CoCl2-induced, compounds 7, 8, 13, 17, and 18 in H2O2-induced, and compounds 2, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 12-19 in Aβ25-35-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury models, showed statistically significant neuroprotective activities, when compared with each negative control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng-Yi Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Mei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Gao Meng
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Li Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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Song J, Liu Y, Zhou M, Cao H, Peng XG, Liang JJ, Zhao XY, Xiang M, Ruan HL. Spiroschincarins A-E: Five Spirocyclic Nortriterpenoids from the Fruit of Schisandra incarnata. Org Lett 2017; 19:1196-1199. [PMID: 28207274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spiroschincarins A-E (1-5), five novel spirocyclic schinortriterpenoids featuring a unique 1-oxaspiro[6.6]tridecane motif, were isolated from the fruit of Schisandra incarnata. Their structures with absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffractions, and experimental ECD (electronic circular dichroism). A hypothetical biogenetic pathway of 1-5 was postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Hui Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Gang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ya Zhao
- Hubei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the PRC, Wuhan 430050, P. R. China
| | - Ming Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Han-Li Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
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