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Wang L, Chen S, Gao X, Liang X, Lv W, Zhang D, Jin X. Recent progress in chemistry and bioactivity of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from the genus gelsemium: a comprehensive review. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2155639. [PMID: 36629436 PMCID: PMC9848241 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2155639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) represent a major class of active ingredients from the plants of the genus Gelsemium. Gelsemium MIAs with diverse chemical structures can be divided into six categories: gelsedine-, gelsemine-, humantenine-, koumine-, sarpagine- and yohimbane-type. Additionally, gelsemium MIAs exert a wide range of bioactivities, including anti-tumour, immunosuppression, anti-anxiety, analgesia, and so on. Owing to their fascinating structures and potent pharmaceutical properties, these gelsemium MIAs arouse significant organic chemists' interest to design state-of-the-art synthetic strategies for their total synthesis. In this review, we comprehensively summarised recently reported novel gelsemium MIAs, potential pharmacological activities of some active molecules, and total synthetic strategies covering the period from 2013 to 2022. It is expected that this study may open the window to timely illuminate and guide further study and development of gelsemium MIAs and their derivatives in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- China Medical University-Queen’s University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xun Gao
- Jiangsu Institute Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weichen Lv
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China,CONTACT Dongfang Zhang
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China,Xin Jin School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
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Wei QH, Zhang JP, Lu ZY, Jia XH, Zhao XD, Wang ZW, Wang XJ. Monoterpene indole alkaloids from Gelsemium elegans. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37781747 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2261070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Two new monoterpene indole alkaloids, Eleganine A (1) and Eleganine B (2), along with 11 known compounds (3-13) were isolated from the stems and leaves of Gelsemium elegans. Compound 1 is a gelsenicine-related monoterpenoid indole alkaloid possessing an iridoid unit. Their structures and absolute configurations of 1-2 were established by UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, NMR spectroscopy, and electronic circular dichroism data analyses. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and inhibiting glucose-induced mesanginal cell proliferation activities. None of them showed activity with IC50 far beyond 50 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Hao Wei
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Ping Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xian-Hui Jia
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Structural Elucidation and Cytotoxic Activity of New Monoterpenoid Indoles from Gelsemium elegans. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062531. [PMID: 36985503 PMCID: PMC10055825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, gelselegandines F (1) and G (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Gelsemium elegans. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic techniques and quantum chemical calculations. The ECD calculations were conducted at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level and NMR calculations were carried out using the Gauge-Including Atomic Orbitals (GIAO) method. Structurally, the two new compounds possessed rare, cage-like, monoterpenoid indole skeletons. All isolated compounds and the total alkaloids extract were tested for cytotoxicity against four different tumor cell lines. The total alkaloids extract of G. elegans exhibited significant antitumor activity with IC50 values ranging from 32.63 to 82.24 ug/mL. In order to discover anticancer leads from the active extraction, both new indole compounds (1–2) were then screened for cytotoxicity. Interestingly, compound 2 showed moderate cytotoxicity against K562 leukemia cells with an IC50 value of 57.02uM.
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Sex Differences in the In Vivo Exposure Process of Multiple Components of Gelsemium elegans in Rats. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010033. [PMID: 36676958 PMCID: PMC9865510 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Asian Gelsemium elegans (G. elegans) has a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, its strong toxicity limits its potential development and application. Interestingly, there are significant gender differences in G. elegans toxicity in rats. This work aimed to elucidate the overall absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of whole G. elegans crude extract in female and male rats using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/QqTOF-MS), which facilitates determining the reasons for the gender differences in toxicity. A total of 25 absorbed bioactive components and 3 related produced metabolites were tentatively identified in female rats, while only 17 absorbed bioactive components and 3 related produced metabolites were identified in male rats. By comparison of peak intensities, most compounds were found to be more active in absorption, distribution and excretion in female rats than in male rats, which showed that female rats were more sensitive to G. elegans. This study was the first to investigate the multicomponent in vivo process of G. elegans in rats and compare the differences between sexes. It was hypothesized that differences in the absorption of gelsedine-type alkaloids were one of the main reasons for the sex differences in G. elegans toxicity.
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Ma X, Wang ZY, Zuo MT, Yang K, Sun ZL, Wu Y, Liu ZY. Excretion, Metabolism, and Tissue Distribution of Gelsemium elegans ( Gardn. & Champ.) Benth in Pigs. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082605. [PMID: 35458803 PMCID: PMC9025967 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Champ.) Benth is a toxic flowering plant in the family Loganiaceae used to treat skin diseases, neuralgia and acute pain. The high toxicity of G. elegans restricts its development and clinical applications, but in veterinary applications, G. elegans has been fed to pigs as a feed additive without poisoning. However, until now, the in vivo processes of the multiple components of G. elegans have not been studied. This study investigates the excretion, metabolism and tissue distribution of the multiple components of G. elegans after feeding it to pigs in medicated feed. Pigs were fed 2% G. elegans powder in feed for 45 days. The plasma, urine, bile, feces and tissues (heart, liver, lung, spleen, brain, spinal cord, adrenal gland, testis, thigh muscle, abdominal muscle and back muscle) were collected 6 h after the last feeding and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Five natural products in plasma, twelve natural products and five metabolites in urine, and three natural products in feces were characterized, suggesting that multiple components from G. elegans were excreted in the urine. However, ten natural products and four metabolites were detected in bile samples, which suggested that G. elegans is involved in enterohepatic circulation in pigs. A total of seven of these metabolites were characterized, and four metabolites were glucuronidated metabolites. Ten natural products and six metabolites were detected in the tissues, which indicates that G. elegans is widely distributed in tissues and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Among the characterized compounds, a highly toxic gelsedine-type alkaloid from G. elegans was the main compound detected in all biological samples. This is the first study of the excretion, metabolism and tissue distribution of multiple components from G. elegans in pigs. These data can provide an important reference to explain the efficacy and toxicity of G. elegans. Additionally, the results of the tissue distribution of G. elegans are of great value for further residue depletion studies and safety evaluations of products of animals fed G. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China; (X.M.); (Z.-Y.W.); (M.-T.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.-L.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China; (X.M.); (Z.-Y.W.); (M.-T.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.-L.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Meng-Ting Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China; (X.M.); (Z.-Y.W.); (M.-T.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.-L.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China; (X.M.); (Z.-Y.W.); (M.-T.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.-L.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China; (X.M.); (Z.-Y.W.); (M.-T.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.-L.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China; (X.M.); (Z.-Y.W.); (M.-T.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.-L.S.)
- Hunan Canzoho Biological Technology Co., Ltd., 321 Kangning Road, District Economic and Technological Development, Liuyang 410329, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Zhao-Ying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China; (X.M.); (Z.-Y.W.); (M.-T.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.-L.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Rd, District Furong, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
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Wu ZH, Su Y, Luo ZF, Sun ZL, Gong ZH, Xiao LT. In Situ Visual Distribution of Gelsemine, Koumine, and Gelsenicine by MSI in Gelsemiumelegans at Different Growth Stages. Molecules 2022; 27:1810. [PMID: 35335173 PMCID: PMC8952314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of pharmatically important alkaloids gelsemine, koumine, and gelsenicine in Gelsemium elegans tissues is a hot topic attracting research attention. Regretfully, the in planta visual distribution details of these alkaloids are far from clear although several researches reported the alkaloid quantification in G. elegans by LC-MS/MS. In this study, mass imaging spectrometry (MSI) was employed to visualize the in situ visualization of gelsemine, koumine, and gelsenicine in different organs and tissues of G. elegans at different growth stages, and the relative quantification of three alkaloids were performed according to the image brightness intensities captured by the desorption electrospray ionization MSI (DESI-MSI). The results indicated that these alkaloids were mainly accumulated in pith region and gradually decreased from pith to epidermis. Interestingly, three alkaloids were found to be present in higher abundance in the leaf vein. Along with the growth and development, the accumulation of these alkaloids was gradually increased in root and stem. Moreover, we employed LC-MS/MS to quantify three alkaloids and further validated the in situ distributions. The content of koumine reached 249.2 μg/g in mature roots, 272.0 μg/g in mature leaves, and 149.1 μg/g in mature stems, respectively, which is significantly higher than that of gelsemine and gelsenicine in the same organ. This study provided an accurately in situ visualization of gelsemine, koumine, and gelsenicine in G. elegans, and would be helpful for understanding their accumulation in plant and guiding application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Wu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.-H.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.-F.L.)
| | - Yi Su
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.-H.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.-F.L.)
| | - Zhou-Fei Luo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.-H.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.-F.L.)
| | - Zhi-Liang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Gong
- Waters Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China;
| | - Lang-Tao Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.-H.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.-F.L.)
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Chen W, Ma Y, He W, Wu Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Tian H, Wei K, Yang X, Zhang H. Structure units oriented approach towards collective synthesis of sarpagine-ajmaline-koumine type alkaloids. Nat Commun 2022; 13:908. [PMID: 35177620 PMCID: PMC8854706 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28535-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarpagine-Ajmaline-Koumine type monoterpenoid indole alkaloids represent a fascinating class of natural products with polycyclic and cage-like structures, interesting biological activities, and related biosynthetic origins. Herein we report a unified approach towards the asymmetric synthesis of these three types of alkaloids, leading to a collective synthesis of 14 natural alkaloids. Among them, akuammidine, 19-Z-akuammidine, vincamedine, vincarine, quebrachidine, vincamajine, alstiphylianine J, and dihydrokoumine are accomplished for the first time. Features of our synthesis are a new Mannich-type cyclization to construct the key indole-fused azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane common intermediate, a SmI2 mediated coupling to fuse the aza-bridged E-ring, stereoselective olefinations to install either the 19-E or 19-Z terminal alkenes presented in the natural alkaloids, and an efficient iodo-induced cyclization to establish the two vicinal all-carbon quaternary centers in the Koumine-type alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yinxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yuancheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Hongchang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
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Liu D, Liu Y, Shen A, Li X, Yu L, Wang C, Liang X. Analysis of alkaloids in Gelsemium elegans Benth. Using an online heart-cutting + comprehensive RPLC×RPLC system tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2021; 239:123069. [PMID: 34836637 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of alkaloids and new compound discovery become increasing challenging for Gelsemium elegans Benth. (G. elegans), due to the lack of an effective separation method. In this study, we developed a new online heart-cutting + comprehensive (HC) RPLC × RPLC system with pH difference, which was coupled to a mass detector to realize the separation and characterization of alkaloids from G. elegans. 18 Gelsemium standards were used to construct the RPLC × RPLC system with pH difference (pH 3 and 11), and good orthogonality (correlation coefficient 0.3) was obtained. A heart-cutting valve was introduced into the traditional online comprehensive RPLC × RPLC system to remove principal components and improve detection of minor components. The online HC RPLC × RPLC system achieved good resolving power (effective peak capacity 687) in condition of optimized practical factors, like the first- and second-dimension flow rates, modulation period and elution gradient et al. Finally, a total of 256 alkaloids were grouped and tentatively identified, among which 156 were unreported, including a new alkaloid type in G. elegans and many dimeric indole alkaloids, which was an important supplement to the study on chemical constituents of G. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Liu
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China; Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China.
| | - Aijin Shen
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China; Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Long Yu
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Chaoran Wang
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China; Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China.
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Li NP, Liu JS, Liu JW, Tian HY, Zhou HL, Zheng YR, Huang XJ, Cao JQ, Ye WC, Wang L. Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from the fruits of Gelsemium elegans and their anti-inflammatory activities. Bioorg Chem 2021; 107:104624. [PMID: 33465669 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Two novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), gelsechizines A-B (1-2), along with four known ones (3-6) were isolated from the fruits of Gelsemium elegans. Compound 1 features a new carbon skeleton with two additional carbon atoms forming a 4-methylpyridine unit. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by NMR, MS, X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1-3 showed significant anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro, which may be related to the inhibition of the trecruitment of neutrophils and macrophages as well as the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that the β-N-acrylate moiety plays an important role in the anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Ping Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Shan Liu
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao-Wen Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ling Zhou
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Ru Zheng
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Qing Cao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Zuo MT, Liu YC, Sun ZL, Lin L, Tang Q, Cheng P, Liu ZY. An integrated strategy toward comprehensive characterization and quantification of multiple components from herbal medicine: An application study in Gelsemium elegans. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:17-32. [PMID: 36117759 PMCID: PMC9476712 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To develop a powerful integrated strategy based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) systems for the comprehensive characterization and quantification of multiple components of herbal medicines. Methods Firstly, different mobile phase additives, analysis time, and MS acquisition modes were orthogonally tested with liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS) in order to detect as many components of Gelsemium elegans as possible with high peak intensity. Secondly, several data mining strategies, including database searching, diagnostic ion filtering and neutral loss filtering, were utilized to perform chemical profiling. Subsequently, this study focused on the quantification and validation of the performance of a liquid chromatography-triple mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ/MS) assay based on derivative multiple reaction monitoring (DeMRM). Results A total of 147 components from G. elegans were characterized, among them 116 nontarget components were reported for the first time. A sensitive and reproducible LC-QqQ/MS method was successfully developed and validated for the simultaneous relative quantification of 41 components of G. elegans. This LC-QqQ/MS method was then applied to compare the contents of components in the roots, stems and leaves. Conclusion The present integrated strategy would significantly contribute to chemical studies on herbal medicine, and its utility could be extended to other research fields, such as metabolomics, quality control, and pharmacokinetics.
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Gu JH, Zhang W, Cai WY, Fu XX, Zhou HL, Li NP, Tian HY, Liu JS, Ye WC, Wang L. Gelserancines A–E, monoterpenoid indole alkaloids with unusual skeletons from Gelsemium elegans. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01559h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) with unusual skeletons, gelserancines A–E (1–5), were isolated from the roots of Gelsemium elegans.
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Zuo MT, Wang ZY, Yang K, Li YJ, Huang CY, Liu YC, Yu H, Zhao XJ, Liu ZY. Characterization of absorbed and produced constituents in goat plasma urine and faeces from the herbal medicine Gelsemium elegans by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 252:112617. [PMID: 31988014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbal medicine contains hundreds of natural products, and studying their absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination presents great challenges. Gelsemium elegans (G. elegans) is a flowering plants in the Loganiaceae family. The plant is known to be toxic and has been used for many years as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathic pain, spasticity, skin ulcers and cancer. It was also used as veterinary drugs for deworming, promoting animal growth, and pesticides. At present, studies on the metabolism of G. elegans have primarily focused on only a few single available reference ingredients, such as koumine, gelsemine and gelsedine. MATERIAL AND METHODS The goal of this work is to elucidate the overall metabolism of whole G. elegans powder in goats using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/QqTOF-MS). RESULTS Analyses of plasma, urine and fecal samples identified or tentatively characterized a total of 44 absorbed natural products and 27 related produced metabolites. Gelsedine-type, sarpagine-type and gelsemine-type alkaloids were the compounds with the highest metabolite formation. In the present study, most natural products identified in G. elegans were metabolized through glucuronidation and oxidation. Hydrogenation, dehydrogenation and demethylation also occurred. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report of the metabolite profiling of the G. elegans crude extract in goats, which is of great significance for a safer and more rational application of this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Zi-Yuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Yu-Juan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Chong-Ying Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Yan-Chun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Hui Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Xue-Jiao Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhao-Ying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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Rosales PF, Bordin GS, Gower AE, Moura S. Indole alkaloids: 2012 until now, highlighting the new chemical structures and biological activities. Fitoterapia 2020; 143:104558. [PMID: 32198108 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Indole alkaloids have attracted attention because of their therapeutic properties, being anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antitumoural, antioxidant and antimicrobial. These compounds present a wide structural diversity, which is directly related to the genera of the producing plants, as well as the biological activities. Indole alkaloids have attracted attention over the last decade because of this combination of bioactivity and structural diversity. Therefore, this review presented recent (2012-2018) advances in alkaloids, focusing on new compounds, extraction methods and biological activities. As such, approximately 70 articles were identified, which showed 261 new compounds produced by plants of the families Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, Annonaceae and Loganiaceae. In addition, different extraction methods were identified, and the structures of the new compounds were analysed. In addition to indole molecules, there were mono-indole-, di-indole-, vinblastine-, vimblastine-, gelsedine-, geissospermidine-, koumine-, geissospermidine-, iboga-, perakine-, corynanthe-, vincamine-, ajmaline-, aspidorpema-, strychnos-type, β-carboline alkaloids and indole alkaloid glucosides. The reported biological activities are mainly anticancer, antibacterial, antimalarial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and antiviral, as well as anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-butyrylcolinesterase properties. This review serves as a guide for those wishing to find the most recently identified alkaloid structures and their associated activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Fagundes Rosales
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil; IFRS -Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Bento Gonçalves, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Sandri Bordin
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriana Escalona Gower
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
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Wang J, Zhang J, Zhang C, Sun X, Liao X, Zheng W, Yin Q, Yang J, Mao D, Wang B, Li Q, Chen X, Ding Q, Li J, Ma B. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of Gelsemium elegans. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 172:329-338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Kerkovius JK, Kerr MA. Total Synthesis of Isodihydrokoumine, (19Z)-Taberpsychine, and (4R)-Isodihydroukoumine N4-Oxide. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8415-8419. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff K. Kerkovius
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Michael A. Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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Wei X, Yang J, Ma HX, Ding CF, Yu HF, Zhao YL, Liu YP, Khan A, Wang YF, Yang ZF, Huang WY, Wang XH, Luo XD. Antimicrobial indole alkaloids with adductive C9 aromatic unit from Gelsemium elegans. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Zhang W, Xu W, Wang GY, Gong XY, Li NP, Wang L, Ye WC. Gelsekoumidines A and B: Two Pairs of Atropisomeric Bisindole Alkaloids from the Roots of Gelsemium elegans. Org Lett 2017; 19:5194-5197. [PMID: 28898085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two pairs of atropisomeric bisindole alkaloids, gelsekoumidines A (1) and B (2), with a new carbon skeleton, were isolated from the roots of Gelsemium elegans. Compounds 1 and 2 represent the first examples of seco-koumine-gelsedine type alkaloids, which feature an unprecedented 20,21-seco-koumine scaffold fused with a gelsedine framework via a double bond. Their structures including absolute stereochemistry were elucidated by spectroscopic data, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. A plausible biogenetic pathway for the new compounds is also proposed. Compound 2 exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect against nitric oxide (NO) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Yang Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ying Gong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni-Ping Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
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