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Liu G, Liu Y, Li Z, Ren Y, Liu B, Gao N, Cheng Y. Transcriptome analysis revealing the effect of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd association with endophytic fungi CHS3 on the production of saikosaponin D. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33453. [PMID: 39015808 PMCID: PMC11250876 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Saikosaponin D (SSd) is a naturally active product with strong pharmacological activity found in Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd. Studies have shown that endophytic fungi have great potential as sources of natural medicines. Fusarium acuminatum (CHS3), an SSd-producing endophytic fungus, was isolated from B. scorzonerifolium. To elucidate the effect of host plants on the production of SSd in CHS3, CHS3 was co-cultured with suspension cells of B. scorzonerifolium and SSd was detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) of CHS3 before and after co-culture was performed using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The results indicated that the content of SSd synthesised by CHS3 increased after co-culture with suspension cells of B. scorzonerifolium. Transcriptome analysis of CHS3 with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that 1202 and 1049 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, after co-culture. Thirty genes associated with SSd synthesis and 11 genes related to terpene backbone biosynthesis were annotated to the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Combined with transcriptome data, it was speculated that the mevalonate (MVA) pathway is a possible pathway for SSd synthesis in CHS3, and the expression of key enzyme genes (HMGR, HMGCS, GGPS1, MVK, FDFT1, FNTB) was validated by qRT-PCR. In conclusion, the endophytic fungus CHS3 can form an interactive relationship with its host, thereby promoting SSd biosynthesis and accumulation by upregulating the expression of key enzyme genes in the biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yuanzhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhongmeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yubin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Vocational College, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yupeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
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Li X, Lin Y, Qin Y, Han G, Wang H, Yan Z. Beneficial endophytic fungi improve the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza by performing different ecological functions. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16959. [PMID: 38406278 PMCID: PMC10894594 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Endophytic fungi can enhance the growth and synthesis of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is frequently employed for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ailments, with the primary bioactive components being salvianolic acid and tanshinone. However, their levels in cultivated S. miltiorrhiza are inferior to that of the wild herbs, so the production of high-quality medicinal herbs is sharply declining. Consequently, the utilization of beneficial endophytic fungi to improve the yield and quality of S. miltiorrhiza holds great significance for the cultivation of medicinal plants. Methods In this study, nine non-pathogenic, endophytic fungal strains were introduced into sterile S. miltiorrhiza seedlings and cultivated both in vitro and in situ (the greenhouse). The effects of these strains on the growth indices, C and N metabolism, antioxidant activity, photosynthesis, and content of bioactive ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza were then evaluated. Results The results showed that the different genera, species, or strains of endophytic fungi regulated the growth and metabolism of S. miltiorrhiza in unique ways. These endophytic fungi primarily exerted their growth-promoting effects by increasing the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and the activities of sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase, nitrate reductase, and glutamine synthetase. They also enhanced the adaptability and resistance to environmental stresses by improving the synthesis of osmoregulatory compounds and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. However, their regulatory effects on the growth and development of S. miltiorrhiza were affected by environmental changes. Moreover, the strains that significantly promoted the synthesis and accumulation of phenolic acids inhibited the accumulation of tanshinones components, and vice versa. The endophytic fungal strains Penicillium meloforme DS8, Berkeleyomyces basicola DS10, and Acremonium sclerotigenum DS12 enhanced the bioaccumulation of tanshinones. Fusarium solani DS16 elevated the rosmarinic acid content and yields in S. miltiorrhiza. The strain Penicillium javanicum DS5 improved the contents of dihydrotanshinone, salvianolic acid B, and rosmarinic acid. The strains P. meloforme DS8 and B. basicola DS10 improved resistance. Conclusion Various endophytic fungi affected the quality and yield of S. miltiorrhiza by regulating different physiological and metabolic pathways. This study also provides a novel and effective method to maximize the effects of beneficial endophytic fungi by selecting specific strains to design microbial communities based on the different ecological functions of endophytic fungi under varying environments and for specific production goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yali Lin
- Patent Examination Cooperation Sichuan Center of the Patent Office, CNIPA, Chengdu, Sichaun, China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guiqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai Wang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuyun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Jiang Y, Wang J, Zhang H, Tian X, Liang Z, Xu X, Bao J, Chen B. Biological Activity and Sterilization Mechanism of Marine Fungi-derived Aromatic Butenolide Asperbutenolide A Against Staphylococcus aureus. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301826. [PMID: 38155523 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Marine fungi represent a huge untapped resource of natural products. The bio-activity of a new asperbutenolide A from marine fungus Aspergillus terreus was not well known. In the present study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and RNA-Sequencing were used to analyze the bio-activity and sterilization mechanism of asperbutenolide A against clinical pathogenic microbes. The results showed that the MICs of asperbutenolide A against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were 4.0-8.0 μg/mL. The asperbutenolide A present poor bio-activity against with candida. The sterilization mechanism of asperbutenolide A against MRSA showed that there were 1426 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between the groups of MRSA treated with asperbutenolide A and negative control. Gene Ontology (GO) classification analysis indicated that the DEGs were mainly involved in cellular process, metabolic process, cellular anatomical entity, binding, catalytic activity, etc. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) classification analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, etc. Moreover, qRT-PCR showed similar trends in the expressions of argF, ureA, glmS and opuCA with the RNA-Sequencing. These results indicated that asperbutenolide A was with ideal bio-activity against with MRSA and could be as a new antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jiang
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Medical Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Jining high-throughput gene sequencing, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Jining Prenatal Monitoring and Genetic Disease Research, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Jiule Wang
- Central Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Jining Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Diagnosis of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xuelu Tian
- Department of Laboratory, Jining Dermatosis Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liang
- Medical Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Jining high-throughput gene sequencing, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Jining Prenatal Monitoring and Genetic Disease Research, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xinli Xu
- Medical Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Jining high-throughput gene sequencing, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Jining Prenatal Monitoring and Genetic Disease Research, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Bao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Central Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Jining Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Diagnosis of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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Li W, Zhu HH, Shen X, Tan JL, Tang Q, Ling ZP, Zhao HY, Lin Q, Sun H, Zhang HP, Li YL, Wang GC, Zhang YB. Lycopodium Alkaloids from Huperzia serrata and Their Anti-acetylcholinesterase Activities. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301024. [PMID: 37507844 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
One new fawcettimine-type alkaloid (1), one new miscellaneous-type alkaloid (2), four new lycodine-type alkaloids (3-6), and eight known ones (7-14) were isolated from the whole plants of Huperzia serrata. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated based on spectroscopic data, X-ray diffraction, ECD calculation and Mosher's method. Compound 1 was a rare C18 N2 -type Lycopodium alkaloid, possessing serratinine skeleton with an amide side chain in C-5. The absolute configuration of the 18-OH of compounds 4-6 were first determined by Mosher's method. Moreover, compounds 1-14 were assayed anti-acetylcholinesterase effect in vitro, and compound 7 showed significant anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with an IC50 value of 16.18±1.64 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xi Shen
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Lin Tan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Qing Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ling
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yue Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- Hunan Institute for Drug Control, Changsha, Hunan, 410001, China
| | - Hai-Peng Zhang
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Lan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Cai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Bo Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
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Toppo P, Kagatay LL, Gurung A, Singla P, Chakraborty R, Roy S, Mathur P. Endophytic fungi mediates production of bioactive secondary metabolites via modulation of genes involved in key metabolic pathways and their contribution in different biotechnological sector. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:191. [PMID: 37197561 PMCID: PMC10183385 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi stimulate the production of an enormous number of bioactive metabolites in medicinal plants and affect the different steps of biosynthetic pathways of these secondary metabolites. Endophytic fungi possess a number of biosynthetic gene clusters that possess genes for various enzymes, transcription factors, etc., in their genome responsible for the production of secondary metabolites. Additionally, endophytic fungi also modulate the expression of various genes responsible for the synthesis of key enzymes involved in metabolic pathways of such as HMGR, DXR, etc. involved in the production of a large number of phenolic compounds as well as regulate the expression of genes involved in the production of alkaloids and terpenoids in different plants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of gene expression related to endophytes and their impact on metabolic pathways. Additionally, this review will emphasize the studies done to isolate these secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi in large quantities and assess their bioactivity. Due to ease in synthesis of secondary metabolites and their huge application in the medical industry, these bioactive metabolites are now being extracted from strains of these endophytic fungi commercially. Apart from their application in the pharmaceutical industry, most of these metabolites extracted from endophytic fungi also possess plant growth-promoting ability, bioremediation potential, novel bio control agents, sources of anti-oxidants, etc. The review will comprehensively shed a light on the biotechnological application of these fungal metabolites at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Toppo
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Lahasang Lamu Kagatay
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Ankita Gurung
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Priyanka Singla
- Department of Botany, Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Rakhi Chakraborty
- Department of Botany, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy Government College, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Piyush Mathur
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
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Li L, Liu C, Wen W, Li Q, Pan T, Li Z, Qian G, He Y, Xu D. Dendrobine biosynthesis in Dendrobium nobile in four different habitats is affected by the variations in the endophytic fungal community. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:981070. [PMID: 36177465 PMCID: PMC9513314 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.981070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium nobile, an epiphytic plant, is a traditional medicinal herb with abundant endophytes. It is unclear whether the variation in the diversity and abundance of endophytes could stimulate the biosynthesis of medicinal compounds in the plant. In this study, we collected fresh stems of D. nobile from four habitats for investigating the fungal community structure, dendrobine content, and environment factors and their correlations. The results indicated no significant difference in endophytic fungal diversity among the habitats; however, different dominant or special endophytic genera were observed in the hosts from different habitats. The altitude was observed to be positively related to the dendrobine content, as the stems collected from the altitude of 692 m exhibited the highest level of dendrobine. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Toxicocladosporium was found to be positively correlated with the altitude and dendrobine content. The epiphytic matrix exhibited a significant negative correlation with the relative abundance of the endophytic fungus Gibberella but did not exhibit any significant correlation with the dendrobine content. The results indicated that the abundance of endophytes in D. nobile was affected by the altitude and epiphytic matrix and that high Toxicocladosporium abundance and high altitude were conducive to dendrobine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Chaobo Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei’e Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tiantian Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhaogao Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Gang Qian
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Qian,
| | - Yuqi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology Development for Guizhou Provincial Dendrobium nobile Industry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Qian,
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology Development for Guizhou Provincial Dendrobium nobile Industry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Qian,
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Production and Functionalities of Specialized Metabolites from Different Organic Sources. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060534. [PMID: 35736468 PMCID: PMC9228302 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are rich sources of specialized metabolites that are of great importance to plants, animals, and humans. The usefulness of active biological compounds cuts across different fields, such as agriculture, forestry, food processing and packaging, biofuels, biocatalysts, and environmental remediation. In recent years, research has shifted toward the use of microbes, especially endophytes (bacteria, fungi, and viruses), and the combination of these organisms with other alternatives to optimize the production and regulation of these compounds. This review reinforces the production of specialized metabolites, especially by plants and microorganisms, and the effectiveness of microorganisms in increasing the production/concentration of these compounds in plants. The study also highlights the functions of these compounds in plants and their applications in various fields. New research areas that should be explored to produce and regulate these compounds, especially in plants and microbes, have been identified. Methods involving molecular studies are yet to be fully explored, and next-generation sequencing possesses an interesting and reliable approach.
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Xiao Y, Liang W, Liu D, Zhang Z, Chang J, Zhu D. Isolation and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of asterric acid derivatives produced by Talaromyces aurantiacus FL15, an endophytic fungus from Huperzia serrata. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:60. [PMID: 35186657 PMCID: PMC8817963 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the fourth leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease, tumors, and stroke. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, which are based on cholinergic damage, remain the mainstream drugs to alleviate AD-related symptoms. This study aimed to explore novel AChE inhibitors produced by the endophytic fungus FL15 from Huperzia serrata. The fungus was identified as Talaromyces aurantiacus FL15 according to its morphological characteristics and ITS, 18S rDNA, and 28S rDNA sequence analysis. Subsequently, seven natural metabolites were isolated from strain FL15, and identified as asterric acid (1), methyl asterrate (2), ethyl asterrate (3), emodin (4), physcion (5), chrysophanol (6), and sulochrin (7). Compounds 1-3, which possess a diphenyl ether structure, exhibited highly selective and moderate AChE inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 66.7, 23.3, and 20.1 μM, respectively. The molecular docking analysis showed that compounds 1-3 interacted with the active catalytic site and peripheral anionic site of AChE, and the esterification substitution groups at position 8 of asterric acid may contribute to its bioactivity. The asterric acid derivatives showed highly selective and moderate AChE inhibitory activities, probably via interaction with the peripheral anionic site and catalytic site of AChE. To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first report of the AChE inhibitory activity of asterric acid derivatives, which opens new perspectives for the design of more effective derivatives that could serve as a drug carrier for new chemotherapeutic agents to treat AD. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03125-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022 Jiangxi People’s Republic of China
- Key Lab of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013 China
| | - Weizhong Liang
- Key Lab of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013 China
| | - De Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022 Jiangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022 Jiangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Chang
- Key Lab of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013 China
| | - Du Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022 Jiangxi People’s Republic of China
- Key Lab of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013 China
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Polyketide Derivatives from the Endophytic Fungus Phaeosphaeria sp. LF5 Isolated from Huperzia serrata and Their Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030232. [PMID: 35330234 PMCID: PMC8955197 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The secondary metabolites of Phaeosphaeria sp. LF5, an endophytic fungus with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity isolated from Huperzia serrata, were investigated. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic data, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) analyses, and calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD). A chemical study on the solid-cultured fungus LF5 resulted in 11 polyketide derivatives, which included three previously undescribed derivatives: aspilactonol I (4), 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-6-methylisonicotinic acid (7), and 6,8-dihydroxy-3-(1′R, 2′R-dihydroxypropyl)-isocoumarin (9), and two new natural-source-derived aspilactonols (G, H) (2, 3). Moreover, the absolute configuration of de-O-methyldiaporthin (11) was identified for the first time. Compounds 4 and 11 exhibited inhibitory activity against AChE with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 6.26 and 21.18 µM, respectively. Aspilactonol I (4) is the first reported furanone AChE inhibitor (AChEI). The results indicated that Phaeosphaeria is a good source of polyketide derivatives. This study identified intriguing lead compounds for further research and development of new AChEIs.
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