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Jafar M, Ahmad Khan MS, Akbar MJ, AlSaihaty HS, Alasmari SS. Obliteration of H. pylori infection through the development of a novel thyme oil laden nanoporous gastric floating microsponge. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29246. [PMID: 38638985 PMCID: PMC11024545 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyme oil (TO) is a valuable essential oil believed to possess a variety of bioactivities, including antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. These attributes grant TO the excellent capability to treat a wide range of diseases, particularly the effective eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in the stomach. However, its practical use is limited by its low stability under atmospheric conditions. Our current research aims to encapsulate TO in eudragit (EGT) microsponges to enhance its stability and improve its effectiveness against H. pylori. The TO microsponges were prepared using EGT as a polymer, polysorbate 80 as a stabilizer, and dichloromethane (DCM) as a solvent via the quasi-emulsion solvent evaporation method. The product yield, particle size, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, drug-polymer interaction, in-vitro floating, and in-vitro drug release of the microsponges were evaluated. The most promising microsponge was tested against H. pylori ATCC 43504 strains. The results showed that the microsponges exhibited a high product yield (ranging from 41 % ± 0.75-81.27 % ± 1.13), excellent entrapment efficiency (ranging from 63.01 % ± 0.79-88.64 % ± 0.98), prolonged in-vitro floating time (more than 12 h) and sustained in-vitro drug release for 18 h (81.53 %). Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that the microsponges were spherical in shape with a spongy surface. The average particle size of the selected microsponges was determined to be 49.79 ± 1.4 μm, and their average pore size was measured to be 0.81 ± 0.14 μm. DSC study results revealed that TO was physically entrapped in the microsponges. In-vitro anti-H. pylori activity studies demonstrated that TO in microsponge was more effective against H. pylori than pure TO. In conclusion, the developed microsponges containing thyme oil provide a promising alternative for the efficient targeting and eradication of H. Pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Jafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Sajjad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Jamal Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi Saleem AlSaihaty
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Saad Alasmari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Ihsan S, Munir H, Meng Z, Tayyab M, Zeeshan N, Rehman A, Nadeem S, Irfan M. Tragacanth gum-based copper oxide nanoparticles: Comprehensive characterization, antibiofilm, antimicrobial and photocatalytic potentials. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:131600. [PMID: 38631575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Hereunder, we pioneered the synthesis of Copper Oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) utilizing Tragacanth gum (TG). The NPs were characterized using advanced techniques and assessed for different pharmaceutical and environmental perspectives. The successful formation of a colloidal NPs solution was confirmed by the appearance of a distinct black color and a distinct peak at 260 nm in UV-Visible spectrophotometry. The FTIR analysis unveiled a spectrum of functional groups responsible for the reduction and stabilization of CuO NPs. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed size of NPs as 36.24 nm and 28 ± 04 nm respectively. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Analysis indicated weight percentages of 70.38 % for Cu and 18.88 % for O, with corresponding atomic percentages. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the orthorhombic crystal structure of the prepared CuO NPs. Antimicrobial assessments through disc-diffusion assays demonstrated significant zones of inhibition (ZOI) against gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus Halodurans and Micrococcus leutus) and a gram-negative bacterial strain (E. coli). Against the fungal strain Aspergillus niger, a ZOI of 18.5 ± 0.31 mm was observed. The NPs exhibited remarkable antioxidant potential determined through 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and H2O2 scavenging assays. At a concentration of 3 mg/mL, the NPs demonstrated biofilm inhibition rates of 96 %, 90 %, 89.60 %, and 72.10 % against Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus halodurans, MRSA and E.coli respectively. Furthermore, the CuO NPs showed a high photocatalytic potential towards the degradation of safranin dye under sunlight irradiation. In conclusion, the findings underline the promising multifunctional properties of TG-based CuO NPs for different practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumayyah Ihsan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Hira Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zihui Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nadia Zeeshan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Ajwa Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sawaira Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.
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El-Semary MS, Belal F, El-Emam AA, Rabie Shehab El-Din EM, El-Masry AA. Ginseng root extract-mediated synthesis of monodisperse silver nanoparticles as a fluorescent probe for the spectrofluorometric determination of nilvadipine; Evaluation of remarkable anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and in-vitro cytotoxic activities. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 311:124017. [PMID: 38354677 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are a boon for humanity because of their improved functionality and unlimited potential applications. Considering this significance, the proposed study introduced a simple, fast and eco-friendly method for synthesis of fluorescent silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) using Panax Ginseng root extract as a reducing and capping agent. Synthesis of Ag-NPs was performed in one step within three minutes utilizing microwave irradiation. The resulting Ag-NPs were characterized using various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), UV/Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The prepared Ag-NPs, which act as a fluorescent nano-probe with an emission band at 416 nm after excitation at 331 nm, were used to assay nilvadipine (NLV) spectrofluorimetrically in its pharmaceutical dosage form with good sensitivity and reproducibility. The proposed study is based on the ability of NLV to quantitatively quench the native Ag-NPs fluorescence, forming a ground state complex as a result of static quenching and an inner filter mechanism. The suggested approach displayed a satisfactory linear relationship throughout a concentration range of 5.0 μM - 100.0 μM, with LOD and LOQ values of 1.18 μM and 3.57 μM, respectively. Validation of the suggested approach was examined in accordance with ICH recommendations. In addition, the anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities of the prepared nanoparticles were investigated, and they demonstrated effective anti-microbial activities and opened a future prospective to combat future antibiotic resistance. Finally, in-vitro cytotoxicity assay of Ag-NPs against normal and cancerous human cell lines was studied using MTT assay. The results proved the potential use of the produced Ag-NPs as an adjunct to anticancer treatment or for drug delivery without significantly harming healthy human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam S El-Semary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - F Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ali A El-Emam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Amal A El-Masry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
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Mishra VK, Khanna A, Tiwari G, Tyagi R, Sagar R. Recent developments on the synthesis of biologically active glycohybrids. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107172. [PMID: 38340475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of hybridization emerges as a potent tool in advancing drug discovery research, with a significant emphasis on carbohydrate-containing hybrid scaffolds. Evidence indicates that linking carbohydrate molecules to privileged bioactive scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of drug molecules. This synergy results in a diverse range of activities, making carbohydrate scaffolds pivotal for synthesizing compound libraries with significant functional and structural diversity. Beyond their synthesis utility, these scaffolds offer applications in screening bioactive molecules, presenting alternative avenues for drug development. This comprehensive review spanning 2015 to 2023 focuses on synthesized glycohybrid molecules, revealing their bioactivity in areas such as anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory activities, enzyme inhibition and pesticides. Numerous novel glycohybrids surpass positive control drugs in biological activity. This focused study not only highlights the diverse bioactivities of glycohybrids but also underscores their promising role in innovative drug development strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005
| | - Ashish Khanna
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005
| | - Ghanshyam Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005
| | - Rajdeep Tyagi
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067 New Delhi
| | - Ram Sagar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005; Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067 New Delhi.
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Alexander R, Khaja A, Debiec N, Fazioli A, Torrance M, Razzaque MS. Health-promoting benefits of lentils: Anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects. Curr Res Physiol 2024; 7:100124. [PMID: 38501131 PMCID: PMC10945126 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper describes how lentils (Lens culinaris species) can positively affect health by reducing inflammation, providing antioxidants, and displaying antimicrobial properties. Lentils are rich in proteins, essential amino acids, minerals, and fibers, making them a valuable source of nutrition, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Lentils have many health benefits, including positive effects on diabetes management, support for cardiovascular health, and antioxidative properties. The antioxidative properties of lentils, attributed to their phenolic content, and their ability to inhibit inflammation-related enzymes are also discussed. We discuss the potential of lentils as a dietary tool in promoting immunity, reducing disease burdens, and preventing nutritional deficiencies. Overall, lentils are a highly nutritious food with various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. The fiber and protein content in lentils make them beneficial for weight management, blood sugar regulation, and supporting overall gut health. Furthermore, the slow rate at which lentils affect blood sugar levels, due to their low glycemic index, can be advantageous for individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Alexander
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Abdullah Khaja
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Nicholas Debiec
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Alex Fazioli
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Mary Torrance
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Mohammed S. Razzaque
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV), 1204 W Schunior Street, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA
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Saifi S, Ashraf A, Hasan GM, Shamsi A, Hassan MI. Insights into the preventive actions of natural compounds against Klebsiella pneumoniae infections and drug resistance. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105811. [PMID: 38168570 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a type of Gram-negative bacteria that causes a variety of infections, including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, wound infections, and meningitis. The treatment of K. pneumoniae infection depends on the type of infection and the severity of the symptoms. Antibiotics are generally used to treat K. pneumoniae infections. However, some strains of K. pneumoniae have become resistant to antibiotics. This comprehensive review examines the potential of natural compounds as effective strategies against K. pneumonia infections. The alarming rise in antibiotic resistance underscores the urgent need for alternative therapies. This article represents current research on the effects of diverse natural compounds, highlighting their anti-microbial and antibiofilm properties against K. pneumonia. Notably, compounds such as andrographolide, artemisinin, baicalin, berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, eugenol, mangiferin, piperine, quercetin, resveratrol, and thymol have been extensively investigated. These compounds exhibit multifaceted mechanisms, including disruption of bacterial biofilms, interference with virulence factors, and augmentation of antibiotic effectiveness. Mechanistic insights into their actions include membrane perturbation, oxidative stress induction, and altered gene expression. While promising, challenges such as limited bioavailability and varied efficacy across bacterial strains are addressed. This review further discusses the potential of natural compounds as better alternatives in combating K. pneumonia infection and emphasizes the need for continued research to harness their full therapeutic potential. As antibiotic resistance persists, these natural compounds offer a promising avenue in the fight against K. pneumonia and other multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Saifi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Anam Ashraf
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Kaur K, Kant S, Chaudary TK, Mehra A, Singh A, Attri S, Gasso S, Mahajan A, Bedi N. Bakuchiol nanoemulsion loaded electrospun nanofibers for the treatment of burn wounds. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03011-z. [PMID: 38400898 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The present work aims to develop and evaluate the wound healing potential of bakuchiol nanoemulsion loaded electrospun scaffolds. Since oxidative stress and microbial burden leads the burn wounds to become chronic and fatal to patients, a phytoconstituent, bakuchiol (BAK), was screened on the basis of antioxidant and antimicrobial potential which also defined its dose. Furthermore, BAK was incorporated into a nanoemulsion to enhance its therapeutic efficacy, reduce its dosage frequency, and maximize its stability. The present study is inclined towards the collaborative interaction of natural products and novel drug delivery systems to develop safe and therapeutically efficient systems for burn wound healing. The optimized nanoemulsion showed excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial potential against wound susceptible pathogens, i.e., Candida albicans and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus which was further loaded into gelatin based hydrogel and nanofibrous scaffold system. The mesh structure of scaffolds was chosen as a suitable carrier system for wound healing process not only because it offers resemblance to skin's anatomy but is also capable of providing uniform distribution of wound biomarkers across the skin. The prepared nanofibers were assessed for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing potential which was observed to be significantly better than its gel formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Shubham Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | | | - Anshula Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Sahil Gasso
- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Aman Mahajan
- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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Ashraf MF, Zubair D, Bashir MN, Alagawany M, Ahmed S, Shah QA, Buzdar JA, Arain MA. Nutraceutical and Health-Promoting Potential of Lactoferrin, an Iron-Binding Protein in Human and Animal: Current Knowledge. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:56-72. [PMID: 37059920 PMCID: PMC10104436 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin is a natural cationic iron-binding glycoprotein of the transferrin family found in bovine milk and other exocrine secretions, including lacrimal fluid, saliva, and bile. Lactoferrin has been investigated for its numerous powerful influences, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-osteoporotic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, and other beneficial health effects. Lactoferrin demonstrated several nutraceutical and pharmaceutical potentials and have a significant impact on improving the health of humans and animals. Lactoferrin plays a critical role in keeping the normal physiological homeostasis associated with the development of pathological disorders. The current review highlights the medicinal value, nutraceutical role, therapeutic application, and outstanding favorable health sides of lactoferrin, which would benefit from more exploration of this glycoprotein for the design of effective medicines, drugs, and pharmaceuticals for safeguarding different health issues in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawood Zubair
- Iqraa Medical Complex, Johar Town Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Agriculture Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Shabbir Ahmed
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Qurban Ali Shah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, 3800, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Ahmed Buzdar
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, 3800, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, 3800, Balochistan, Pakistan.
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Taheri SL, Varshosaz J. Enhancement of the anti-microbial activity of Mentha spicata essential oil on storage by glycerosomes. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:2145-2152. [PMID: 37860731 PMCID: PMC10581991 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mentha spicata essential oil (EO) is isolated from the aerial parts of Mentha spicata L. with pronounced antibacterial effects as food preservative in food industry. Nevertheless, its application in the clinical industry and food is significantly restricted by its poor water solubility and physicochemical instability. Glycerosomes of this EO were prepared to enhance its anti-microbial stability. The EO was encapsulated in the glycerosomes and characterized for its physical properties. The optimized EO-loaded glycerosomes displayed entrapment efficiency of 93.2 ± 7.5%, release efficiency of 75.4 ± 6.1%, the particle size of 276 nm, and zeta potential of - 30.4 mV. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed spherical morphology of the glycerosomes. EO release from optimized formulation of glycerosomes best fitted with a first-order kinetic model. Compared with free EO, EO-loaded glycerosomes showed better storage stability. The results indicated that the incorporation of EO in glycerosomes possessed sustained release properties and significantly enhanced antibacterial effects in storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Latif Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmacy Student’s Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Liang H, Huang Q, Zou L, Wei P, Lu J, Zhang Y. Methyl gallate: Review of pharmacological activity. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106849. [PMID: 37429335 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Methyl gallate (MG) is a polyphenolic compound widely found in natural plants. MG has been shown to have a variety of biological functions, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective and anti-microbial activities, and has broad research and development prospects. A total of 88 articles related to MG were searched using the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases, systematically investigating the pharmacological activity and molecular mechanisms of MG. There were no restrictions on the publication years, and the last search was conducted on June 5, 2023. MG can exert pharmacological effects through multiple pathways and targets, such as PI3K/Akt, ERK1/2, Caspase, AMPK/NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, TLR4/NF-κB, MAPK, p53, NLRP3, ROS, EMT. According to the literature, MG has the potential to be a prospective adjuvant for anticancer therapy and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaguo Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qingsong Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Li Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Peng Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jiazheng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Toppo P, Kagatay LL, Gurung A, Singla P, Chakraborty R, Roy S, Mathur P. Endophytic fungi mediates production of bioactive secondary metabolites via modulation of genes involved in key metabolic pathways and their contribution in different biotechnological sector. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:191. [PMID: 37197561 PMCID: PMC10183385 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi stimulate the production of an enormous number of bioactive metabolites in medicinal plants and affect the different steps of biosynthetic pathways of these secondary metabolites. Endophytic fungi possess a number of biosynthetic gene clusters that possess genes for various enzymes, transcription factors, etc., in their genome responsible for the production of secondary metabolites. Additionally, endophytic fungi also modulate the expression of various genes responsible for the synthesis of key enzymes involved in metabolic pathways of such as HMGR, DXR, etc. involved in the production of a large number of phenolic compounds as well as regulate the expression of genes involved in the production of alkaloids and terpenoids in different plants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of gene expression related to endophytes and their impact on metabolic pathways. Additionally, this review will emphasize the studies done to isolate these secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi in large quantities and assess their bioactivity. Due to ease in synthesis of secondary metabolites and their huge application in the medical industry, these bioactive metabolites are now being extracted from strains of these endophytic fungi commercially. Apart from their application in the pharmaceutical industry, most of these metabolites extracted from endophytic fungi also possess plant growth-promoting ability, bioremediation potential, novel bio control agents, sources of anti-oxidants, etc. The review will comprehensively shed a light on the biotechnological application of these fungal metabolites at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Toppo
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Lahasang Lamu Kagatay
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Ankita Gurung
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Priyanka Singla
- Department of Botany, Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Rakhi Chakraborty
- Department of Botany, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy Government College, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Piyush Mathur
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
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Pandiyan I, Arumugham MI, Doraikannan SS, Rathinavelu PK, Prabakar J, Rajeshkumar S. Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Stevia rebaudiana-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles - An In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2023; 14:109-114. [PMID: 37547431 PMCID: PMC10399804 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_369_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the nanoparticles of silver between 1 nm and 100 nm in size. In this study, AgNPs were extracted from Ocimum tenuiflorum and Stevia rebaudiana which is a medicinal plant of Indian origin, worshipped by the Hindus and used in Ayurvedic medicine since ancient times. Aim The aim of the study was to assess the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of AgNPs reinforced with the herb O. tenuiflorum and S. rebaudiana against oral pathogens. Materials and Methods In this in vitro study, the organisms used were Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus sp., and Candida albicans. Agar well-diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of the nanoparticles at 25 mL, 50 mL, and 100 mL. To assess the cytotoxic effect, brine shrimp lethality assay was used. Results Zone of inhibition was found to be highest at 100 mL against S. mutans, S. aureus, Lactobacillus sp., and C. albicans. The cytotoxic activity at 5 mL and 10 mL was 0%. The maximum cytotoxicity was seen at 80 mL where 30% of the Nauplii's died. Conclusion The findings from this study suggest that AgNPs reinforced with O. tenuiflorum and S. rebaudiana extracts has the potential as an antimicrobial agent and has less cytotoxic effect on brime shrimp and can be used as an alternative to commercially available antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indumathy Pandiyan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sri Sakthi Doraikannan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Rathinavelu
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayashri Prabakar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Rajeshkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Shanwaz MM, Shyam P. Anti-bacterial Effect and Characteristics of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNps) Formed with Vitex negundo Plant Extract. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1630-43. [PMID: 36355335 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Our current study reports the anti-bacterial activity of the gold nanoparticles (AuNps) synthesized by the green synthesis method using Vitex negundo plant leaves. The aqueous extract of Vitex negundo plant leaves are acting as the capping and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of AuNps. It is already evident from earlier studies that Vitex negundo is an abundant source of polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and many other biologically active compounds. The present study reveals the potential of biologically active compounds from the plant in the reduction reaction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) into gold nanoparticles. The green synthesis method is adapted instead of the chemical method, which is toxic and more expensive. The gold nanoparticles subjected to characterization with the help of UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR to determine functional groups, light scattering to estimate size and uniformity, scanning emission microscopy with EDX for accurate size and shape of AuNps, and X-ray diffraction to reveal the crystalline structure. The characteristics of AuNps formed are UV reading at 520 nm, FTIR showing the presence of phenols and alkenes, DLS, SEM, and XRD confirming the spherical shape with the size around 70-90 nm. The anti-bacterial activity of the gold nanoparticles is evaluated against four different species of bacteria, each two gram-positive and gram-negative. The gold nanoparticles formed by Vitex negundo show good anti-bacterial activity against Salmonella typhi and M. luteus bacteria with a zone of inhibition of 6 mm and 2 mm respectively. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activities of the gold nanoparticles are yet to be known to their full extent.
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Altinkaynak C, Haciosmanoglu E, Ekremoglu M, Hacioglu M, Özdemir N. Anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and wound healing capabilities of Aloe vera-incorporated hybrid nanoflowers. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 135:321-330. [PMID: 36806412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The active ingredients of Aloe vera have attracted attention for their potential use in nanotechnology-based medical applications and biomaterial production. It has many therapeutic applications in modern world. This study used Aloe vera extract in different concentrations to synthesize Aloe vera-incorporated hybrid nanoflowers (AV-Nfs). The most uniform morphology in the nanoflowers obtained was at a concentration of 2 mL. The AV-Nfs were well characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The highest peroxidase-mimicking activity of the components was 1.488 EU/mg at 60°C and pH 6. The DPPH assay determined the antioxidant activity of the components and the MTT assay tested on CCD-1072Sk fibroblast cell line determined the effect of AV-Nfs on cell proliferation. Separate treatment of AV-Nfs with Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O significantly increased cell proliferation according to free Aloe vera and CuSO4. In vitro wound healing results showed that AV-Nfs could significantly close wounds compared to free Aloe vera. In this study, AV-Nfs showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae at minimum inhibitory concentration of 625 μg/mL, suggesting that AV-Nfs may be used in wound healing applications with enhanced biological properties. AV-Nfs showed no activity against the yeast Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevahir Altinkaynak
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Avanos Vocational School, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, 50500 Nevsehir, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Haciosmanoglu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Ekremoglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mayram Hacioglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nalan Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
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15
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Joshi S, Salahuddin, Mazumder A, Kumar R, Shabana K, Tyagi S, Rana K, Ahsan MJ, Yar MS, Arya A, Khurana N. Significant Advancement in Various Synthetic Strategies and Pharmacotherapy of Piperine Derivatives: A Review. Curr Top Med Chem 2023; 23:2394-2415. [PMID: 37828679 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266256255231009075303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piperine is a natural compound found in black pepper that has been traditionally used for various therapeutic purposes. In the ayurvedic system of medication there is a lot of evidence which shows that the piperine is widely used for different therapeutic purpose. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of piperine and its derivatives in modern medicine. In order to increase the bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness of piperine and its analogs, researchers have been looking at various extraction methods and synthesis approaches. Many studies have been conducted in this area because of the promise of piperine as a natural substitute for synthetic medications. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review article is to provide an up-to-date analysis of the literature on the synthesis of piperine analogs, including their extraction techniques and various biological activities such as antihypertensive, antidiabetic, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and antibiotic effects. Additionally, the review aims to discuss the potential of piperine in modern medicine, given its traditional use in various medicinal systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. The article also provides a comprehensive analysis of the plant from which piperine is derived. CONCLUSION This review article provides a thorough examination of piperine and the source plant. The best extraction technique for the extraction of piperine and the synthesis of its analogs with various biological activities, including antihypertensive, antidiabetic, insecticidal, antibacterial, and antibiotic properties, are covered in the article. This review aims to provide an updated analysis of the literature on the synthesis of piperine analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Salahuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Km Shabana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Sonakshi Tyagi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Kavita Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Ambabari Circle, Jaipur, Rajasthan-302039, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Arvind Arya
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwada, Punjab, 144411, India
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16
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Sengupta D, Rai M, Hoque Mazumdar Z, Sharma D, Malabika Singha K, Pandey P, Gaur R. Two cationic meso-thiophenium porphyrins and their zinc-complexes as anti-HIV-1 and antibacterial agents under non-photodynamic therapy (PDT) conditions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 65:128699. [PMID: 35341921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The anti-HIV-1 and antimicrobial activities of novel cationic meso-thiophenium porphyrins and their zinc-complex are reported under in vitro non-photodynamic (PDT) conditions. While all the cationic porphyrins led to the inhibition of de novo virus infection, the Zn(II)-complexes of T2(OH)2M (A2B2-type) and T(OH)3M (AB3-type) displayed potent inhibition of HIV-1 entry with T2(OH)2MZn displaying maximal anti-HIV activity. The Zinc complex of both the thiophenium porphyrins T2(OH)2M and T(OH)3M also depicted antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and more prominently against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Again, the antibacterial activity was more potent for T2(OH)2MZn. Our study highlighted that the presence of two thiophenium groups at the meso-positions of the A2B2-type porphyrins along with zinc strongly enhanced anti-HIV and antimicrobial properties of these novel thiophenium porphyrins under non-PDT conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devashish Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
| | - Madhu Rai
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | | | - Debdulal Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - K Malabika Singha
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
| | - Ritu Gaur
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India.
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Xu D, Xiao J, Jiang D, Liu Y, Gou Z, Li J, Shi M, Wang X, Guo Y, Ma L, Yin H, Guo L, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Guo H. Inhibitory effects of a water-soluble jujube polysaccharide against biofilm-forming oral pathogenic bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:1046-1062. [PMID: 35378158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral diseases caused by infectious pathogens raises significant concerns in public health. In the light of side effects of current antibiotics therapy and growing drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, natural products have become attractive alternatives for antibiotics agents in dental practice. This current study investigated the effects of polysaccharides extracted from Zizyphus jujuba Mill. on three major oral biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria including caries-inducing Streptococcus mutans, lesions-causing MRSA, and periodontitis-related Porphyromonas gingivalis, as well as general oral microbiota. Our results demonstrated that jujube polysaccharide prepared in this study was mainly composed by galacturonic acid with an average molecular weight 242 kDa, which were further characterized for structural features by FT-IR spectra and NMR spectroscopy analysis. This jujube polysaccharide was shown to exhibit remarkable inhibitory effects against all the tested oral bacterial pathogens through various mechanisms including growth inhibition, biofilm prevention and disruption, intervention of bacterial infection (adhesion and invasion), attenuation of cytotoxicity, modulation of excessive inflammatory response of LPS-stimulated and MRSA-infected macrophages as well as positive regulation of oral microbiota. The present study paves the way to explore jujube polysaccharides for the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases. Graphic Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jiu Xiao
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dazhao Jiang
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuolun Gou
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingyao Shi
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaxuan Guo
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunhui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Jhan F, Gani A, Noor N, Ahmad Malla B, Ashwar BA. Nano reduction coupled with encapsulation as a novel technique for utilising millet proteins as future foods. Ultrason Sonochem 2022; 86:106006. [PMID: 35462135 PMCID: PMC9046439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crocin (saffron bioactive) loaded protein nanoparticles were prepared from three underutilised cereal varieties viz., sorghum (SPCN), foxtail millet (FPCN) and pearl millet (PPCN) using ultrasonication technique. The particle size of crocin loaded protein complex was attained in the nano range with reduced polydispersity index and negative zeta potential. The encapsulation efficiency of crocin in protein nanoparticles was found to be 83.78% (FPCN), 78.74 % (SPCN) and 70.01% (PPCN). The topographical images of crocin loaded protein nano complex was revealed using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infra-spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis showed the characteristic peaks of crocin at 956, 1700 and 3350 cm-1 in protein-crocin nanocomplex as a confirmatory test for nanoencapsulation. The antimicrobial activity of crocin loaded protein nanocomplex against three strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Fusarium oxysporium) were also evaluated. In vitro release studies showed higher content of crocin released in simulated intestinal conditions ensuring its controlled release at target site. Bioactivity (anti-cancerous and anti-hypertensive) of crocin upon in-vitro digestion were well retained indicating that protein nanoparticles can act as an effective wall material. Our results suggest that protein nanoparticles prepared in this study can act as an effective oral delivery vehicle for crocin that could be used for development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Jhan
- Laboratory of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Adil Gani
- Laboratory of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India; Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
| | - Nairah Noor
- Laboratory of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Malla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ashwar
- Laboratory of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
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Feng Y, Lv X, Ran X, Jia C, Qin L, Chen M, Qi R, Peng H, Lin H. High-efficiency synthesis of Cu superfine particles via reducing cuprous and cupric oxides with monoethanolamine and their antimicrobial potentials. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:749-757. [PMID: 34634547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) and cupric oxide (CuO) are widely available and low cost raw materials. Their applications as precursors for wet chemical synthesis of metallic Cu materials are greatly limited due to their insoluble in water and most organic solvents. In this work, copper superfine particles (Cu SPs) are synthesized using Cu2O and CuO as precursors via a heating process in monoethanoamine (MEA). Due to the strong coordinating character, Cu2O and CuO can be partially dissolved in MEA. The dissolved copper source is reduced by MEA at elevated temperature with the drastically releasing of NH3. As the dissolved copper source is reduced, more oxide will be dissolved and finally leads to the full reduction of Cu2O and CuO to produce the Cu SPs. The advantage of this synthesis method is that MEA acts as both the solvent and the reducing agent. The antimicrobial properties are investigated to find that the obtained Cu SPs depress the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (St. aureus) efficiently. More interesting, the composites produced via curing Cu2O and CuO with a small amount of MEA also exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity, indicating the MEA curing method is high-efficiency. The synthesis is low cost, high-efficiency, high atom-economy and up-scale synthesizing easily, which will benefit the wide applications of Cu SPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xinyue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xi Ran
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Caifeng Jia
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Lujie Qin
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Maoshen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Ruijuan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Hui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Hechun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
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20
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Pahumunto N, Dahlen G, Teanpaisan R. Evaluation of Potential Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus and Bacillus Strains Derived from Various Sources for Their Potential Use in Swine Feeding. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 15:479-490. [PMID: 34665429 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09861-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Beneficial effects of probiotics are relevant to the various potential properties of individual strains, and they may also relate to the original sources of the probiotic strains. This study aimed to characterize the potential probiotic properties of the strains originating from various sources for probiotics use in swine feeding. A total of 9 potential probiotic strains, seven lactobacilli and 2 bacilli, were examined for antimicrobial production against swine pathogens, adhesion and anti-adhesion of potential probiotic strains to IPEC-J2 cells, aggregation ability, host defense peptide expression, and hemolytic assay. The results highlight that all strains derived from different sources could exhibit probiotic properties, although different abilities were observed. L. rhamnosus SD11 exhibited the highest inhibitory effect against all pathogens compared to other strains. Bacillus licheniformis KMP-9, B. subtilis KMP-N004, and L. fermentum SD7 gave the highest internalization and that related to high abilities of exclusion, competition, and displacement inhibition to pathogens. Such strains also gave a higher co-aggregation to all pathogens compared to other potential probiotic strains. L. rhamnosus GG, L. fermentum SD7, L. rhamnosus SD4, and B. subtilis KMP-N004 had significantly higher pBD-2 mRNA expression than other strains. None of potential probiotic strains showed hemolytic activity. In conclusion, the strains derived from either humans or animals possessed desirable probiotic properties including inhibition against porcine pathogens, adhesion capacity to porcine enterocytes, anti-adhesion pathogens to porcine enterocytes, and modulated innate immunity. Results indicate that these probiotic strains may be good candidates for use in swine feeding to reduce the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuntiya Pahumunto
- Common Oral Diseases and Epidemiology Research Center, Hat Yai, Thailand.,Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Gunnar Dahlen
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rawee Teanpaisan
- Common Oral Diseases and Epidemiology Research Center, Hat Yai, Thailand. .,Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand.
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21
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Asadi S, Soleimani N, Babadi ZK, Ebrahimipour GH. Isolation and identification of the bacterium producing antitumor and antimicrobial compounds derived from Iranian swamp frog (Rana ridibunda) skin. Iran J Microbiol 2021; 13:372-380. [PMID: 34540176 PMCID: PMC8416579 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i3.6400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cancer incidence and recurrence, antibiotic resistance, and overuse of antibiotics have become a global concern. The purpose of this study was to identify and isolate bacteria from the skin of the Rana ridibunda, Iranian swamp frog, which has produced antimicrobial compounds, and investigate its cytotoxic activity on the breast (MCF7) and glioblastoma (U87) cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: An antibiotic-producing bacterium was isolated from the frog skin. The bacterium was identified based on 16S rDNA sequencing and biochemical and morphological characteristics. Antimicrobial activity of the culture supernatant was examined by disc diffusion and MIC methods. Cytoplasmic and cell wall extracts of bacteria were prepared by sonication. SDS-PAGE was then used to examine protein contents of them. The cancer cell lines were treated with cytoplasmic and cell wall extracts at different concentrations. The effects of cytotoxicity were assessed by MTT assay at 24 and 48 h intervals. Finally, the results were analyzed by SPSS. Results: The isolated bacterium was identified as a new strain of Bacillus atrophaeus. MIC and disc diffusion methods showed that the Bacillus atrophaeus antimicrobial activity was broad spectrum. MTT assay showed IC50 values 30 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml for U87 and MCF7 cells after 24–48 h exposure, respectively. Conclusion: The cytoplasmic extracts of Bacillus atrophaeus has anticancer potential and can be used as an alternative or complementary candidate in the treatment of cancer. Further in vivo and in vitro mechanistic studies are suggested to confirm the biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Asadi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Soleimani
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khosravi Babadi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholam Hossein Ebrahimipour
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Cai SS, Li T, Akinade T, Zhu Y, Leong KW. Drug delivery carriers with therapeutic functions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113884. [PMID: 34302897 PMCID: PMC8440421 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Design of micro- or nanocarriers for drug delivery has primarily been focused on properties such as hydrophobicity, biodegradability, size, shape, surface charge, and toxicity, so that they can achieve optimal delivery with respect to drug loading, release kinetics, biodistribution, cellular uptake, and biocompatibility. Incorporation of stimulus-sensitive moieties into the carriers would lead to "smart" delivery systems. A further evolution would be to endow the carrier with a therapeutic function such that it no longer serves as a mere passive entity to release the drug at the target tissue but can be viewed as a therapeutic agent in itself. In this review, we will discuss recent and ongoing efforts over the past decade to design therapeutic drug carriers that confer a biological benefit, including ROS scavenging or generating, pro- or anti-inflammatory, and immuno-evasive properties, to enhance the overall therapeutic efficacy of the delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting S. Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York 10027, New York, United States
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York 10027, New York, United States
| | - Tolulope Akinade
- Graduate Program in Cellular, Molecular and Biomedical Studies, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York 10027, New York, United States
| | - Yuefei Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York 10027, New York, United States
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York 10027, New York, United States,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York 10027, New York, United States,Corresponding author , Mailing address: 351 Engineering Terrace, Mail Code 8904, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027
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23
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Ajit A, Vishnu AG, Varkey P. Incorporation of grape seed extract towards wound care product development. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:261. [PMID: 33996373 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally derived ingredients are becoming more prevalent in therapeutic drug formulations due to consumers' concerns about chemical side effects. In the context of wound care, despite the impressive progress in therapeutic product development, drugs dispensed to treat impaired healing challenged by biofilms; excessive inflammation and oxidation are not yet really effective. Thus, the hunts for improved drug formulations preferably using natural ingredients that are cost-effective in accelerating the wound-healing process are of constant demand. The grape seed extract is extensively studied and is reported to be rich in phenolic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids and vitamins which exhibit numerous therapeutic benefits owing to their anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-oxidative properties that support its potential use in the development of wound-healing products. We conducted a literature study using Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar including the keywords "grape seed extract" and "wound healing". We also scanned all the references cited by the retrieved articles. Accordingly, this review is aimed to (i) explore the various phytochemical constituents found in grape seed extracts along with their mechanism of action that instigate wound healing, (ii) to highlight the latest pre-clinical and clinical assessments of grape seed extract in wound models, and (iii) to encourage innovation scientists in the field to address current limitations and to effectively develop grape seed extract-based wound care product formulations for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Ajit
- Research and Development, Zum Heilen Diagnostic and Therapeutics Pvt. Ltd, Office No. 12/1543-C, SB Center, 2nd Floor, Museum Road, Thrissur, Kerala 680020 India
| | - A G Vishnu
- Research and Development, Zum Heilen Diagnostic and Therapeutics Pvt. Ltd, Office No. 12/1543-C, SB Center, 2nd Floor, Museum Road, Thrissur, Kerala 680020 India
| | - Prashanth Varkey
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, P.B.No.737, Thrissur, Kerala 680 005 India
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24
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Ko SW, Lee JY, Rezk AI, Park CH, Kim CS. In-situ cellulose-framework templates mediated monodispersed silver nanoparticles via facile UV-light photocatalytic activity for anti-microbial functionalization. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118255. [PMID: 34294292 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is well known as a biocompatible material or natural reducing material. In this study, As an eco-friendly and facile method, we prepared monodispersed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in cellulose-framework through photocatalytic reaction. and we fabricated electrospun fiber scaffolds with excellent antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. UV-irradiation causes the electrical change of the cellulose-framework, thereby converting Ag ions into Ag particles. We applied a three-electrode system to confirm the phenomenon. Through STEM and EDS, it was found that the synthesized AgNPs were monodisperse in the nanofibers, and antibacterial activity was confirmed using gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In addition, it was suggested that the gradual release of simvastatin contained in the nanofibers and excellent mineralization would be easy to apply to bone regeneration. Therefore, the manufactured composite electrospun fiber mat can be used not only in biomedical fields but also in various applications that need to prevent the accumulation of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Ko
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdelrahman I Rezk
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Eco-Friendly Machine Parts Design Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Eco-Friendly Machine Parts Design Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Hu F, Zhang L, Nandakumar KS, Cheng K. Imidazole Scaffold based Compounds in the Development of Therapeutic Drugs. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:2514-2528. [PMID: 34047259 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666210527103225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Imidazole has an important five-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring, which is available widely in natural products and synthetic molecules. The special structural characteristics of imidazole ring enable it to bind with various enzymes and receptors through hydrogen bonds, coordination, ion-dipole and cation-π interactions, hydrophobic effects, and Van der Waals forces. These interactions promote several biological activities involving anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-viral properties. Herein, we review and discuss the recent developments occurred in using imidazole derivatives along with their special pharmacological activities for various diseases treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjie Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kutty Selva Nandakumar
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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26
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Sroor FM, Othman AM, Tantawy MA, Mahrous KF, El-Naggar ME. Synthesis, antimicrobial, anti-cancer and in silico studies of new urea derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104953. [PMID: 33964581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of an alkyl or aryl isocyanates with some primary amines in acetonitrile at room temperature afforded the corresponding alkyl- and aryl-urea derivatives. All the prepared urea compounds have been elucidated by FTIR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The compounds 1 and 3 were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The 4-tolylsulfonyl isocyanate reacted with the aryl amines 1, 2, 3, and 2,4-dichloroaniline to afford the corresponding sulfonylurea derivatives 5-8. Likewise, the reaction of the isocyanates with 2,4-dichloroaniline, 5-methyl isoxazole-3-amine, and 2-aminothiazole derivatives gave the corresponding urea derivatives 9-17. All the prepared compounds 5-17 were tested in vitro as anti-microbial and anti-HepG2 agents. Moreover, analyzing gene expression of TP53-exon4 and TP53-exon7, DNA damage values, and DNA fragmentation percentages have been discussed. The compounds 5 and 8 recorded the highest activity against the tested microbial strains with maximum activity against C. albicans (50 mm) and B. mycoides (40 mm), respectively. The compounds 5 inhibited the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, and C. Albicans at the MIC level of 0.0489 µM, while the compound 8 was able to inhibit the visible growth of E. coli and C. albicans at MIC value of 3.13 µM and S. aureus at 0.3912 µM. In the same line, compound 5 showed the best cytotoxic activity against the HepG2 cell line (IC50 = 4.25 µM) compared to 5 fluorouracil with IC50 = 316.25 µM. Expression analysis of liver cancer related to a gene including TP53-exon4 and TP53-exon7 was used in HepG2 Liver cancer cell lines using RT-qPCR. The expression values of TP53-exon4 and TP53-exon7 genes were decreased. The DNA damage values and DNA fragmentation percentages were increased significantly (P < 0.01) in the treated HepG2 (5) sample compared with the negative control. Docking studies were performed for the synthetic compounds against 2 bacterial proteins (DNA gyrase subunit B, and penicillin binding protein 1a) that are known targets for some antibiotics, and one cell division protein kinase 2 (CDK2) as target for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid M Sroor
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 12622 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdelmageed M Othman
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Karima F Mahrous
- Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Egypt
| | - Mostafa E El-Naggar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
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27
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Rajput SA, Wang XQ, Yan HC. Morin hydrate: A comprehensive review on novel natural dietary bioactive compound with versatile biological and pharmacological potential. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111511. [PMID: 33744757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural plant-derived dietary bioactive compounds having a substantial impact on human health. Morin hydrate is a bioflavonoid mainly obtained from fruits, stem, and leaves of Moraceae family members' plants. Plenty of evidences supported that morin hydrate exerts its beneficial effects against various chronic and life-threatening degenerative diseases. Our current article discloses the recent advances that have been studied to explore the biological/pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms to better understand the beneficial and multiple health benefits of morin hydrate. Indeed, Morin hydrate exerts free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, anti-microbial, antidiabetic, anti-arthritis, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. Moreover, morin hydrate exhibits its pharmacological activities by modulating various cellular signaling pathways such as Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-қB), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Janus kinases/ Signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (JAKs/STATs), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1/Nuclear erythroid-2-related factor (Keap1/Nrf2), Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, Wnt/β-catenin, and Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Most importantly, morin hydrate has the potential to modulate a variety of biological networks. Therefore, it can be predicted that this therapeutically potent compound could serve as a dietary agent for the expansion of human health and might be helpful for the development of the novel drug in the future. However, due to the lack of clinical trials, special human clinical trials are needed to address the effects of morin hydrate on various life-threatening disparities to recommend morin and/or morin-rich foods with other foods or bioactive dietary components, as well as dose-response interaction and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali Rajput
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hui-Chao Yan
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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28
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AlNadhari S, Al-Enazi NM, Alshehrei F, Ameen F. A review on biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles using marine algae and its applications. Environ Res 2021; 194:110672. [PMID: 33373611 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine algae have long been explored as food, feed, additives, drugs, and pesticides, yet now the framework is moving towards the algae mediated green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). This work is expanding step by step, like algae, are a rich origin of natural compounds. Recently, algae capped and stabilized NPs have picked up far and wide consideration as a less toxic, easy handling, cost effective, eco-friendly, usage in several science fields in nano size, safer to use, and greener method. The natural substance from algae acts as capping or reducing and stabilizing agent in the metal salts to metal, metal oxide, or bimetallic NPs conversion. The NPs using algae could either be intracellular or extracellular relying upon the area of NPs. Among the different scope of algae, reviews are explored in the previous report, still, different NPs using algae and their characterization, mechanism of activity is yet to be summarized. Because of the biocompatibility, good and remarkable physicochemical properties of NPs, the algal biosynthesized NPs have additionally been read for their biomedical applications, which include antibacterial, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, antifungal, anticancer, and biocompatibility properties. In this survey, the reasoning behind the algae mediated biosynthesis of various NPs from different algae origin have been explored. Besides, a piece of knowledge into the component of biosynthesis of NPs from marine algae and their biomedical applications has been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh AlNadhari
- Deanship Of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf M Al-Enazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alshehrei
- Department of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O Box 7388, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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29
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Nafie MS, Awad NM, Tag HM, Abd El-Salam IM, Diab MK, El-Shatoury SA. Micromonospora species from rarely-exploited Egyptian habitats: chemical profile, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities through antioxidant property. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2427-2439. [PMID: 33625546 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of new anticancer agents with a selective action mechanism has become a significant scientific challenge, especially as cancers remain the world's leading cause of death. Actinobacteria and its bioactive compounds have recently become a promising perspective alternative to cancer therapy. In this study, some extracted metabolites of Micromonospora exhibited potent antimicrobial with microbial inhibition zone ≥ 7 mm, and cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines with promising activities ≥ 85%. Additionally, treatment of DENA/CCl4 rats with the strain Micromonospora sp1 has induced a substantial amelioration of the liver functions, enhancing liver architecture near normal and antioxidant properties through elevation of antioxidant enzyme levels. So that these preliminary results can provide metabolites from Micromonospora sp1 as an anti-liver cancer therapy. Finally, we introduced the chemical profiling of Micromonospora sp1 metabolic extract by LC-QTOF-MS-MS technique, where eight compounds with reported antioxidant property anti-liver cancer activity were targeted, validated as iNOS inhibitor through molecular docking studies. The findings in this study can be a significant step towards studying natural bioactive products produced by Micromonospora spp. as agents for anti-liver cancer. KEY POINTS: • Metabolites of Micromonospora strain from unexploited Egyptian habitats were investigated with LC/MS library-based chemical profile and molecular docking studies as iNOS inhibitors. • Some Micromonospora strains exhibited potent antimicrobial with microbial inhibition zone ≥ 7 mm, and cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines with promising activities ≥ 85%. • Micromonospora extract exhibited anti-liver cancer activity in vivo through the antioxidant property by inhibiting the liver cancer biomarkers (LDH and AFP) and enhancing other biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Noha M Awad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hend M Tag
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed K Diab
- Pest Physiology Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Zagazig, 12311, Egypt
| | - Sahar A El-Shatoury
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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30
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Thakur D, Kaur G, Puri A, Nanda R. Therapeutic potential of essential oil based microemulsions: Reviewing state-of-the-art. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1218-1233. [PMID: 33596807 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666210217161240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A pre-eminent emulsion based micellar drug delivery system, "microemulsion", comprising of drug in oil or water phase, stabilized by surfactants and co-surfactants, has been evidenced to have phenomenal role in number of applications. Oils play an important role in formation of ME and increase the drug absorption at the site of action. Oils employed in microemulsion formulation solubilize lipophilic drug. As concept of "natural" therapies is recently gaining importance amongst researchers all over the world, scientists are employing essential oil as an organic component in this system. The active components of essential oils include flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, monoterpenes and polyunsaturated of mega-6-fatty acids. These oils are enriched with characteristic intrinsic properties such as anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, etc. bestows an enhanced supremacy to whole microemulsion system. This mini-review is the first to document various types of essential oils employed in microemulsion systems and highlight their therapeutic potential and applications as drug delivery vehicles. Key inferences from this study suggest: 1) Clove oil is the most explored oil for incorporation into microemulsion based system, followed by peppermint and Tea Tree Oil (TTO). 2) Penetration enhancing effects of these oils is due to the presence of terpenic constituents. 3) Essential oil based microemulsions protect volatility of ethereal oils and protect them from degradation in presence of light, air, temperature. 4) These systems may also be explored for their applications in different industries like aromatherapy, food, drink, fragrance, flavour, cosmeceutical, soap, petroleum and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab) . India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab) . India
| | - Ashana Puri
- Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City 37614. United States
| | - Rajat Nanda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab) . India
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31
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Al-Hakkani MF, Gouda GA, Hassan SHA. A review of green methods for phyto-fabrication of hematite (α-Fe 2O 3) nanoparticles and their characterization, properties, and applications. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05806. [PMID: 33490660 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current work is the introduction of a quick and simple literature survey about the bio-fabrication of the Alpha Hematite nanoparticles (α-Fe2O3) using the plant extracts green method. The survey manifested the utilities of the environmentally friendly biosynthesis methods via extracting different plant species, some of its important physicochemical properties, various instrumental analysis characterization tools, and potential applications.
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32
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Hu S, Chai WC, Xu L, Li S, Jin C, Zhu R, Yang L, Zhang R, Tang K, Li P, Yang E, Chang W, Shen T, Semple S, Venter H, Xiang L. Catecholic alkaloid sulfonates and aromatic nitro compounds from Portulaca oleracea and screening of their anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities. Phytochemistry 2021; 181:112587. [PMID: 33246306 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acidic compounds were enriched from a water decoction of Portulaca oleracea using 717 anion exchange resin column chromatography. A total of 22 compounds including 9 catecholamine derivatives, of which six were rare sulfonic acid derivatives, and 9 nitro derivatives, were further isolated through various column chromatographic methods, and their structures were elucidated by interpreting their spectroscopic data and ECD calculations. Among them, 16 compounds were isolated from P. oleracea for the first time, 8 of which were undescribed compounds and four compounds were natural products. Pharmacological screening indicated that cis-3-(3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-methyl acrylate exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, measured as inhibition of nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells, with an EC50 value of 18.0 μM, The compounds showed only weak anti-microbial activity with (2R)-(+)-2-chloro-3-(3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid methyl ester inhibiting Candida albicans with a MIC of 256 μg/mL, and 3-methoxy-4,5-dinitrophenol inhibiting Shigella sonnei with a MIC of 512 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiyao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wern Chern Chai
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Lintao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuirong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxiu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Luping Yang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Erlan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Chang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Susan Semple
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Henrietta Venter
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Lan Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Asmah N, Suniarti DF, Margono A, Mas'ud ZA, Bachtiar EW. Identification of active compounds in ethyl acetate, chloroform, and N-hexane extracts from peels of Citrus aurantifolia from Maribaya, West Java, Indonesia. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2020; 11:107-112. [PMID: 33312939 PMCID: PMC7574735 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_177_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lime peel contains essential oils are used as anti-oxidants or anti-cancer compounds. As a traditional medicine, lime has been widely used as a substitute for antibiotics. This study aimed to identify active compounds in peel extracts from Citrus aurantifolia that grows in Indonesia. Extraction was carried out by maceration using three different solvents: ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-hexane. The extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that lime peel contained many important compounds and that 28, 27, and 24 different chemical compounds, both minor and major constituents, were extracted by ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-hexane, respectively. Four compounds were found in all three solvent extracts, namely, D-limonene, phytol, α-tocopherol, and 5, 7-dimethoxycoumarin. Forty-seven compounds were uniquely present in one solvent, including 17 in ethyl acetate, 17 in chloroform, and 13 in n-hexane. Among the active compounds extracted, several are of biological importance, for example, stigmasterol, D-limonene, Vitamin E, and α-tocopherol. It can be concluded that a variety of distinct compounds are extracted from the same lime peel sample when different solvents are used and that some of these are bioactive compounds with anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, or anti-cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Asmah
- Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Fatma Suniarti
- Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anggraini Margono
- Department of Conservation, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Z Alim Mas'ud
- Department of Chemistry, Integrated Laboratory, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Endang Winiati Bachtiar
- Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Cha H, Kim SK, Kook M, Yi TH. Lactobacillus paraplantarum THG-G10 as a potential anti-acne agent with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Anaerobe 2020; 64:102243. [PMID: 32712375 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) is the main bacterium targeted for the prevention and medical treatment of acne vulgaris. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of microorganisms classified by their ability to produce lactic acid through fermentation. Although the activities of LAB have been studied, their potential anti-acne effects are not well known. Here, Lactobacillus paraplantarum THG-G10, which has anti-bacterial activity against C. acnes, was isolated from traditional Kimchi in Republic of Korea. The anti-acne effects of dried cell-free supernatant of L. paraplantarum THG-G10 (DC-G10) were evaluated by determining its anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities. Anti-microbial activity was examined by a broth dilution assay: 25 mg/ml of DC-G10 inhibited the growth of C. acnes KCTC 5012 and KACC 1194; salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide for acne treatment inhibited the growth of C. acnes KCTC 5012 and KACC 11946 at concentrations of 1.25 and 7.5 mg/ml, respectively; and tea tree oil inhibited the growth of C. acnes KCTC 5012 but not the growth of C. acnes KACC 11946 at 50 mg/ml. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by a nitric oxide (NO) assay: only DC-G10 and ascorbic acid reduced LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the toxicities of erythromycin, salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, tea tree oil, and DC-G10 were examined in HaCaT cells and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). In these cells, the cytotoxic effects of DC-G10 were weaker than the effects of erythromycin, benzoyl peroxide, and ascorbic acid. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed that DC-G10 induces deleterious morphological changes in the bacterial cell membrane. These results demonstrate that DC-G10 may be an effective and safe treatment for acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyeMin Cha
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, 1732 Deokyoungdae-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Kyung Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, 1732 Deokyoungdae-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - MooChang Kook
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Baewha Women's University, Seoul, 03039, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Hoo Yi
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, 1732 Deokyoungdae-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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Sarfraz A, Javeed M, Shah MA, Hussain G, Shafiq N, Sarfraz I, Riaz A, Sadiqa A, Zara R, Zafar S, Kanwal L, Sarker SD, Rasul A. Biochanin A: A novel bioactive multifunctional compound from nature. Sci Total Environ 2020; 722:137907. [PMID: 32208265 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) will continue to serve humans as matchless source of novel drug leads and an inspiration for the synthesis of non-natural drugs. As our scientific understanding of 'nature' is rapidly expanding, it would be worthwhile to illuminate the pharmacological distinctions of NPs to the scientific community and the public. Flavonoids have long fascinated scientists with their remarkable structural diversity as well as biological functions. Consequently, this review aims to shed light on the sources and pharmacological significance of a dietary isoflavone, biochanin A, which has been recently emerged as a multitargeted and multifunctional guardian of human health. Biochanin A possesses anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-microbial, and hepatoprotective properties. It combats cancer development by inducing apoptosis, inhibition of metastasis and arresting cell cycle via targeting several deregulated signaling pathways of cancer. It fights inflammation by blocking the expression and activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines via modulation of NF-κB and MAPKs. Biochanin A acts as a neuroprotective agent by inhibiting microglial activation and apoptosis of neurons. As biochanin A has potential to modulate several biological networks, thus, it can be anticipated that this therapeutically potent compound might serve as a novel lead for drug development in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maria Javeed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Woman University Faisalabad (GCWUF), 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sadiqa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Zara
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saba Zafar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Lubna Kanwal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England, UK
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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Parvez MK, Basudan OA, Noman OM, Al-Dosari MS, Alqasoumi SI. The first bioactivity studies of Acantholimon lycopodioides from high altitude Karakoram-Himalayan desert. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2514-2520. [PMID: 32994707 PMCID: PMC7499106 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Couple of ethnopharmacological surveys in the Indian Ladakh and Pakistani Shigar valleys has reported the medicinal use of Acantholimon lycopodioides against cardiac and gastric disorders that however, remains without scientific rationale or experimental validations. Here, we assess the in vitro bio/therapeutic activities of A. lycopodioides extracts as well as chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. The in vitro β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching and DPPH radical scavenging methods demonstrated a very high anti-oxidative property of chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions compared to others. Cell viability assay (MTT) on human cervical (HeLa), breast (MDA-MB321) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells revealed their differential cytotoxicity, except the chloroform fraction. Of these, the precipitate exerted highest cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells followed by aqueous fraction on MDA-MB321 cells. Notably, the non-cytotoxicity of chloroform fraction coincided with its highest anti-oxidative activity. Further, the chloroform fraction showed marked hepatoprotection (up to 84%) against 3'7'dichlorofluorescin triggered free radicals induced oxidative damage. Also, the hepatoprotective chloroform fraction mildly activated CYP3A4 in HepG2 cells (dual-luciferase assay). Moreover, the A. lycopodioides extracts and fractions showed differential anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Of these, while S. aureus was more sensitive to the water-insoluble extract, ethyl acetate fraction showed moderate activity against E. coli and C. albicans. On the other hand, the chloroform fraction showed promising activity against S. Aureus, C. albicans, P. vulgaris and E. faecalis. In conclusion, our data for the first time, demonstrated promising anti-oxidative, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-microbial and CYP3A4 activating salutations of A. lycopodioides. This warrants further studies towards isolation and identification of its therapeutically active principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Dosari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kocabay S, Akkaya B. Preparation of sulfatide mimicking oleic acid sulfated chitosan as a potential inhibitor for metastasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:792-798. [PMID: 31739035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sulfatide is associated with numerous health problems, affecting different parts of the human body, including the metastasis; however, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. Sulfatide has been used to potential inhibitor for tumor cell metastasis. In the present study we synthesized oleic acid sulfated chitosan (OlcShCs). It shows structural similarity to sulfatide because of its functional groups (sulfate and fatty acyl chains). Chitosan has smart properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity. We have prepared oleic acid sulfated chitosan (OlcShCs) by chitosan modification to mimic sulfatide. Its structure was characterized by FT-IR, H-NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis. After characterization studies its antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic properties were investigated. Oleic acid sulfated chitosan (OlcShCs) was tested for its anti-cancer potential against human cancer cell lines (HeLa (ATCC® CCL-2™)) for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h using the MTT assays. This new material which is soluble at physiological conditions, is a potential candidate for further metastasis inhibition investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samet Kocabay
- Cumhuriyet University Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Sivas, Turkey; Inönü University Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Birnur Akkaya
- Cumhuriyet University Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Sivas, Turkey.
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Enayatifard R, Akbari J, Babaei A, Rostamkalaei SS, Hashemi SMH, Habibi E. Anti-Microbial Potential of Nano-Emulsion form of Essential Oil Obtained from Aerial Parts of Origanum Vulgare L. as Food Additive. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 11:327-334. [PMID: 33880355 PMCID: PMC8046398 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Foodborne diseases are still a serious problem in public health and natural compounds are being widely considered for their potential industrial protective additive in food products. Origanum vulgare L. has been known as an antimicrobial effective herb. This present study was carried out to examine the antimicrobial effect of O. vulgare essential oil nanoemulsion in comparison with conventional emulsion. Methods: The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by GC-Mass and formulated as a nanoemulsion to improve water dispersion by high-energy emulsification method. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared formulation was assessed by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) and zone of inhibition against some main foodborne pathogen microorganisms. Results: The main component of the oregano essential oil was carvacrol (78%) and the selected nanoemulsion formulation demonstrated low polydispersity (0.11) and mean droplet (72.26 nm) and it was stable even after 30 days of storage. The nanoemulsion form displayed significant activity against the Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger with inhibition zones ranging from 8.7-22.3 mm. The MIC of nanoemulsion against the tested bacteria was within the range of 0.156 to 0.312 (mg/mL) and against the tested fungi were in the range of 0.078 to 0.156 (mg/mL). The MBC/MFC of nanoemulsion against the tested microorganisms were in the range of 0.312 to 5 (mg/mL). Conclusion: The study's results demonstrated the possibility of using the nanoemulsion form of oregano essential oil as a food additive to inhibit the growth of some foodborne microorganisms and extending the shelf life of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Enayatifard
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jafar Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Babaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Emran Habibi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Liang J, Mantelos A, Toh ZQ, Tortorella SM, Ververis K, Vongsvivut J, Bambery KR, Licciardi PV, Hung A, Karagiannis TC. Investigation of potential anti-pneumococcal effects of l-sulforaphane and metabolites: Insights from synchrotron-FTIR microspectroscopy and molecular docking studies. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 97:107568. [PMID: 32097886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae infection can lead to pneumococcal disease, a major cause of mortality in children under the age of five years. In low- and middle-income country settings where pneumococcal disease burden is high, vaccine use is low and widespread antibiotic use has led to increased rates of multi-drug resistant pneumococci. l-sulforaphane (LSF), derived from broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, has established anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-microbial properties. Hence, we sought to investigate the potential role of LSF against pneumococcal infection. Using a combination of in vitro and computational methods, the results showed that LSF and relevant metabolites had a potential to reduce pneumococcal adherence through modulation of host receptors, regulation of inflammation, or through direct modification of bacterial factors. Treatment with LSF and metabolites reduced pneumococcal adherence to respiratory epithelial cells. Synchrotron-Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (S-FTIR) revealed biochemical changes in protein and lipid profiles of lung epithelial cells following treatment with LSF or metabolites. Molecular docking studies of 116 pneumococcal and 89 host factors revealed a potent effect for the metabolite LSF-glutathione (GSH). A comprehensive list of factors involved in interactions between S. pneumoniae and host cells was compiled to construct a bacterium and host interaction network. Network analysis revealed plasminogen, fibronectin, and RrgA as key factors involved in pneumococcal-host interactions. Therefore, we propose that these constitute critical targets for direct inhibition by LSF and/or metabolites, which may disrupt pneumococcal-host adherence. Overall, our findings further enhance understanding of the potential role of LSF to modulate pneumococcal-host dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Liang
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Anita Mantelos
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Zheng Quan Toh
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Stephanie M Tortorella
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Katherine Ververis
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | | | - Keith R Bambery
- ANSTO Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew Hung
- School of Science, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Tom C Karagiannis
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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Powthong P, Jantrapanukorn B, Suntornthiticharoen P, Laohaphatanalert K. Study of prebiotic properties of selected banana species in Thailand. J Food Sci Technol 2020; 57:2490-2500. [PMID: 32549599 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prebiotics are functional foods with health-promoting properties that are used in many developed countries. Thailand is one of the countries that produces many plants that should have prebiotic properties. In this study, we investigated the potential prebiotic effects of powders obtained from Saba, Pisang Awak Banana and Silver bluggoe in vitro in accordance with their physical, chemical and microbiological properties. These selected plants were found to demonstrate good water-/oil-binding properties. They contained chlorophyll, beta carotene and lycopene and showed good resistance to stomach and small-intestine enzymes. The selected plants were further used to evaluate prebiotic properties by supplementing as a carbon source in culturing broth for growing probiotic bacteria and pathogenetic bacteria. The increase in the number of probiotic bacteria during fermentation of these selected plants correlated with decreased pH. The growth of four strains of probiotic bacteria seemed to be promoted in MRS broth containing these selected plants, but no significant differences in the number of probiotic bacterial groups were detected in response to difference concentrations of all these selected plants. In addition, we noted that a decrease in the number of all four strains of pathogenic bacteria during fermentation of these selected plants correlated with a decreased pH. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of selected plant prebiotics supported probiotic substance production to inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, we have shown that the addition of selected prebiotic plants, indicating that they should be used as a prebiotic food ingredient, represents a potential alternative to available commercial prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannapa Powthong
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, 12000 Thailand
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Leisching G, Ali A, Cole V, Baker B. 2'-5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein inhibits intracellular M. tuberculosis replication and promotes proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Mol Immunol 2019; 118:73-78. [PMID: 31855809 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Host cytoplasmic surveillance pathways are known to elicit type I interferon (IFN) responses which are crucial to antimicrobial defense mechanisms. Oligoadenylate synthetase-like (OASL) protein has been extensively characterized as a part of the anti-viral mechanism, however a number of transcriptomic studies reveal its upregulation in response to infection with a wide variety of intracellular bacterial pathogens. To date, there is no evidence documenting the role (if any) of OASL during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Using two pathogenic strains differing in virulence only, as well as the non-pathogenic M. bovis BCG strain, we observed that pathogenicity and virulence strongly induced OASL expression after 24 h of infection. Further, we observed that OASL knock down led to a significant increase in M. tb CFU counts 96 h post-infection in comparison to the respective controls. Luminex revealed that OASL silencing significantly decreased IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1 secretion in THP-1 cells and had no effect on IL-10 secretion. We therefore postulate that OASL regulates pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines which suppress intracellular mycobacterial growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Leisching
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
| | - A Ali
- Department of Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - V Cole
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - B Baker
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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Lac D, Hermsmeier M, Chen X, Yam N, Yamamoto A, Huang S, Sawant T, Chan KF, Nagavarapu U. Topical minocycline formulations: Evaluation and comparison of dermal uptake efficacy. Int J Pharm X 2019; 1:100009. [PMID: 31517274 PMCID: PMC6733297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a clinically distinct skin condition with evidence suggesting that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Treatment of severe inflammatory acne often involves the use of oral antibiotics, sometimes in combination with topical products. Oral antibiotics often result in systemic side effects and the risks of antibiotic resistance, but no commercial topical minocycline is currently available. We have developed a unique, stable, hydrophilic topical gel formulation with fully solubilized minocycline (MNC-H). Minocycline delivered in our hydrophilic gel remained more stable in situ, resulting in less degradation product (4-epiminocycline) than a lipophilic formulation (MNC-L). The hydrophilic nature of our formulation enabled 2-3 fold increase in delivery into the skin ex vivo compared to a lipophilic counterpart, mostly seen in the epidermis and pilosebaceous units. The lipophilic formulation also appeared to be more occlusive, resulting in higher sebum production in minipigs, which may exacerbate acne vulgaris. As our results indicate, a 1, 2% minocycline hydrophilic gel may deliver sufficient drug (>15 μg/g) to potentially demonstrate clinical efficacy. These findings suggest that topical hydrophilic minocycline gel may provide a novel tool for topical acne therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Usha Nagavarapu
- BioPharmX, Inc., 115 Nicholson Lane, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
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Puthran D, Poojary B, Purushotham N, Harikrishna N, Nayak SG, Kamat V. Synthesis of novel Schiff bases using 2-Amino-5-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)thiophene-3-carbonitrile and 1,3-Disubstituted pyrazole-4-carboxaldehydes derivatives and their antimicrobial activity. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02233. [PMID: 31485504 PMCID: PMC6717141 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Amino-5-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)thiophene-3-carbonitrile have been synthesized from 1-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, malononitrile, a mild base and sulfur powder using Gewald synthesis technique and the intermediate was treated with 1,3-disubstituted pyrazole-4-carboxaldehyde to obtain the novel Schiff bases. 1,3-disubstituted pyrazole-4-carboxaldehyde derivatives have been synthesized by Vilsmeier-Haack reaction in the course of a multi-step reaction. The structure of novel compounds were established on the basis of their elemental analyses IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data and then screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity. Among them 5a, 5c, 5f and 5h showed excellent activity when compared to other derivatives. Remaining derivatives showed moderate activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyaraj Puthran
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199, India
- Solara Active Pharma Sciences, No. 120 A&B, Industrial Area, Baikampady, New Mangalore, Karnataka, 575011, India
| | - Boja Poojary
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Nikil Purushotham
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Nandam Harikrishna
- Alivira Animal Health, Plot No.104-109,112,113 JNPC, Special Economic Zone, Paravada Mandal, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-531019, India
| | - Soukhyarani Gopal Nayak
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Vinuta Kamat
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199, India
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Swift L, Zhang C, Kovalchuk O, Boklan J, Trippett T, Narendran A. Dual functionality of the antimicrobial agent taurolidine which demonstrates effective anti-tumor properties in pediatric neuroblastoma. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:690-699. [PMID: 31264069 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High-risk, relapsed and refractory neuroblastoma are associated with poor 5-years survival rates, demonstrating the need for investigational therapeutic agents to treat this disease. Taurolidine is derived from the aminosulfoacid taurine and has known anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. Taurolidine has also demonstrated anti-neoplastic effects in a range of cancers, providing the rationale to investigate the activity of taurolidine against neuroblastoma in preclinical studies. We investigated the in vitro activity of taurolidine against neuroblastoma using the alamar blue cytotoxicity assay, phase-contrast light microscopy, western blotting and analysis of global gene expression by RNA-Seq. In vivo activity of taurolidine was evaluated using mouse xenograft models. In vitro pre-clinical data show that taurolidine is cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cell lines, inducing cell death by apoptosis. Analysis of global gene expression and determination of signaling pathway activation scores using the in silico Pathway Activation Network Decomposition Analysis (iPANDA) platform indicates that taurolidine has an effect on the Notch, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) signaling pathways. In vivo experiments in xenograft mouse models show that taurolidine decreases tumor growth and improves survival. These results provide supportive pre-clinical data on the activity of taurolidine against neuroblastoma. The findings support the rationale for further evaluation of taurolidine for the treatment of relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma patients in an early phase clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Swift
- POETIC Laboratory for Preclinical and Drug Discovery Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, Alberta, T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Chunfen Zhang
- POETIC Laboratory for Preclinical and Drug Discovery Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, Alberta, T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Jessica Boklan
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Tanya Trippett
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aru Narendran
- POETIC Laboratory for Preclinical and Drug Discovery Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, Alberta, T3B 6A8, Canada.
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El-Sahrigy SAF, Shouman MG, Ibrahim HM, Rahman AMOA, Habib SA, Khattab AA, Gomaa HE, Helmy NA. Prevalence and Anti-Microbial Susceptibility of Hospital Acquired Infections in Two Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Egypt. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:1744-1749. [PMID: 31316652 PMCID: PMC6614260 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infection is a common serious health problem worldwide, especially in pediatric intensive care units and is associated with high mortality and morbidity, prolonged hospital stays and high cost. AIM: To determine the types of organisms involved in hospital-acquired an infection in two pediatric intensive care units during the one-year study and its anti-microbial susceptibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was carried out in the pediatric intensive care units (PICU) of Ain Shams & Cairo Universities, where 86 pediatric patients were recruited. Their age ranged from 1 month to 156 months with mean 20.7 ± 25.8 months. Male to female ratio was 37:29. Four samples were collected from each child for culture and sensitivity: blood, endotracheal aspirate, urine and skin swab. RESULTS: The most common microorganism was staphylococcus while Gram-negative bacteria were the commonest group. Amikacin and imipenem are the most sensitive antibiotics. Risk estimate for different risk factors among studied patients revealed no significance. CONCLUSION: Staphylococcus was the commonest micro-organism while Gram-negative infections were the commonest group among PICU with a predominance of Acinetobacter and Klebsiella. Respiratory infections were the most common, followed by blood-borne infection. Risk factors for mortality were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A F El-Sahrigy
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G Shouman
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Azza M O Abdel Rahman
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sonia Adolf Habib
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aser A Khattab
- Department of Pediatrics, Cairo Universities, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Howayda E Gomaa
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naiven A Helmy
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
Wound care forms a large component of the ever-increasing workload of district and community nurses. The need for a cost-effective product that can be used on a variety of wounds and that meets multiple requirements (e.g. protease modulation, anti-microbial, peri-wound skin protection, maceration control and barrier function) is well recognised. The plethora of wound dressings available today all fulfil some, although not all, of these requirements. Choosing the correct dressing decreases healing time, provides cost-effective care and improves patient quality of life. This article looks at the important properties of wound care products, investigates the need to release nurse time and describes how patients with wounds can engage in effective self-care, with a focus on 1 Primary Wound Dressing® (1PWD), a cost effective, easy-to-use product that has already demonstrated clinical efficacy. Case studies showing the successful use of 1PWD are also presented to highlight the clinical application of this novel product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Elliott
- Tissue Viability Nurse Specialist St Mary's Hospital, Isle of Wight
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47
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Bua S, Osman SM, Del Prete S, Capasso C, AlOthman Z, Nocentini A, Supuran CT. Click-tailed benzenesulfonamides as potent bacterial carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Vibrio cholerae. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:183-186. [PMID: 30716618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,2,3-triazole-bearing benzenesulfonamides was assessed for the inhibition of carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from bacteria Vibrio cholerae (VchCAα and VchCAβ) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (β-mtCA3). Growing resistance phenomena against existing antimicrobial drugs are globally spreading and highlight a urgent need of agents endowed with alternative mechanisms of action. Two global WHO strategies aim to reduce cholera deaths by 90% and eradicate the tuberculosis epidemic by 2030. The derivatives here reported represent interesting leads towards the optimization of new antibiotic agents showing excellent inhibitory efficiency and selectivity for the target CAs over the human (h) off-target isoform hCA I. In detail, the first subset of derivatives potently inhibits VchCAα in a low nanomolar range (KIs between 0.72 and 22.6 nM). Compounds of a second subset, differing from the first one for the position of the spacer between benzenesulfonamide and triazole, preferentially inhibit VchCAβ (KIs in the range 54.8-102.4 nM) and β-mtCA3 (KIs in the range 28.2-192.5 nM) even more than the clinically used AAZ, used as the standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bua
- University of Florence, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Zeid AlOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- University of Florence, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- University of Florence, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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48
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Parthiban E, Manivannan N, Ramanibai R, Mathivanan N. Green synthesis of silver-nanoparticles from Annona reticulata leaves aqueous extract and its mosquito larvicidal and anti-microbial activity on human pathogens. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2019; 21:e00297. [PMID: 30581768 PMCID: PMC6297187 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2018.e00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles play a important role in controlling mosquito population as well as multi drug resistant pathogens without causing much harm to humans. In the present study was focused on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles against dengue causing vector (Aedes aegypti) and pathogens affecting humans. The synthesized silver nanoparticle was confirmed using UV- absorption spectrum range obtained at 416 nm, XRD, FTIR and HR-TEM analysis were used to determine the silver nanoparticle morphology and size with ∼6.48 ± 1.2-8.13 ± 0.18 nm and face centered cubic structure. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were exposed to fourth instar larvae of A. aegypti with different concentration (3-20 μg/mL) for 24 h and its elicit maximum mortality (100%) at their final concentration of 20 μg/mL and it's LC50 value was 4.43 μg/mL and LC90 value was 13.96 μg/mL, respectively. The minimum inhibitory activities of the tested pathogens were 125, 31.25, 62.5, 62.6 and 62.5 μg/mL for the Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans respectively. Further, the synthesized silver nanoparticle shows a potent antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens. Moreover the effect of silver nanoparticle against Red Blood Cells belonging to 'O' positive blood group were tested and does not cause higher hemolysis to the cells even at the highest concentration. Based on these finding, we strongly suggested that face centered cubic structured A. reticulata AgNPs is an eco-friendly and potent bio-medical agent and can be apply in wide range of application an alternative chemically synthesized metal nanoparticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezhumalai Parthiban
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Aquatic Biodiversity, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, 600025, Chennai, India
| | - Nandhagopal Manivannan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, Unit of Bio control and Metabolites, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, 600025, Chennai, India
| | - Ravichandran Ramanibai
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Aquatic Biodiversity, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, 600025, Chennai, India
| | - Narayanasamy Mathivanan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, Unit of Bio control and Metabolites, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, 600025, Chennai, India
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49
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Leisching G, Cole V, Ali AT, Baker B. OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3 restrict intracellular M. tb replication and enhance cytokine secretion. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 80S:S77-S84. [PMID: 30822544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2',5' (OASs) are known as mediators of the antiviral response system through activation of the RNA cleavage pathway. Interestingly, we observe OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3 upregulation in a number of gene expression signatures which discriminate active TB from latent TB infection, however their biological role during bacterial infection has not yet been elucidated. We observed that the expression of these genes was associated with pathogenicity and virulence of mycobacteria as infection with Mycobacterium bovis BCG failed to significantly induce OAS expression. Further, we observed that after silencing of these genes, M. tb CFU counts increased significantly 96h post-infection in comparison to the respective controls. Luminex revealed that OAS silencing significantly decreased IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1 and had no effect of IL-10 secretion. We show for the first time that OAS1, 2 and 3 restrict intracellular pathogenic mycobacterial replication and enhance pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Leisching
- NRF-DST Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Victoria Cole
- NRF-DST Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Aus T Ali
- Department of Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bienyameen Baker
- NRF-DST Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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50
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Rajendran V, Ilamathi HS, Dutt S, Lakshminarayana TS, Ghosh PC. Chemotherapeutic Potential of Monensin as an Anti-microbial Agent. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 18:1976-1986. [PMID: 30499391 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666181129141151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monensin is a lipid-soluble naturally occurring bioactive ionophore produced by Streptomyces spp. Its antimicrobial activity is mediated by its ability to exchange Na+ and K+ ions across the cell membrane thereby disrupting ionic gradients and altering cellular physiology. It is approved by Food and Drug Administration as a veterinary antibiotic to treat coccidiosis. Besides veterinary applications, monensin exhibits a broad spectrum activity against opportunistic pathogens of humans such as bacteria, virus, fungi and parasites in both drug sensitive and resistant strains. This ionophore can selectively kill pathogens with negligible toxic effect on mammalian cells. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of monensin as a new broad-spectrum anti-microbial agent that warrants further studies for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoth Rajendran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Hema Saranya Ilamathi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.,Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Suparna Dutt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - T S Lakshminarayana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.,Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Bio-Sciences Block, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davanagere-577007, Karnataka, India
| | - Prahlad C Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
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