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Castello A, Alio V, Cammilleri G, Sciortino S, Macaluso A, Ferrantelli V, Dall’Ara S, Pino F, Servadei I, Oliveri G, Costa A. Microbiological and Toxicological Investigations on Bivalve Molluscs Farmed in Sicily. Foods 2024; 13:552. [PMID: 38397529 PMCID: PMC10887788 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bivalves can concentrate biological and chemical pollutants, causing foodborne outbreaks whose occurrence is increasing, due to climatic and anthropic factors that are difficult to reverse, hence the need for improved surveillance. This study aimed to evaluate the hygienic qualities of bivalves sampled along the production and distribution chain in Sicily and collect useful data for consumer safety. Bacteriological and molecular analyses were performed on 254 samples of bivalves for the detection of enteropathogenic Vibrio, Arcobacter spp., Aeromonas spp., Salmonella spp., and beta-glucuronidase-positive Escherichia coli. A total of 96 out of 254 samples, collected in the production areas, were processed for algal biotoxins and heavy metals detection. Bacterial and algal contaminations were also assessed for 21 samples of water from aquaculture implants. Vibrio spp., Arcobacter spp., Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli were detected in 106/254, 79/254, 12/254, 16/254, and 95/254 molluscs, respectively. A total of 10/96 bivalves tested positive for algal biotoxins, and metals were under the legal limit. V. alginolyticus, A. butzleri, and E. coli were detected in 5, 3, and 3 water samples, respectively. Alexandrium minutum, Dinophysis acuminata, Lingulodinium polyedra, and Pseudonitzschia spp. were detected in water samples collected with the biotoxin-containing molluscs. Traces of yessotoxins were detected in molluscs from water samples containing the corresponding producing algae. Despite the strict regulation by the European Commission over shellfish supply chain monitoring, our analyses highlighted the need for efficiency improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Castello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Vincenzina Alio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Sonia Sciortino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Sonia Dall’Ara
- Fondazione Centro Ricerche Marine, National Reference Laboratory on Marine Biotoxins, V.le A. Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy (F.P.); (I.S.)
| | - Fiorella Pino
- Fondazione Centro Ricerche Marine, National Reference Laboratory on Marine Biotoxins, V.le A. Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy (F.P.); (I.S.)
| | - Irene Servadei
- Fondazione Centro Ricerche Marine, National Reference Laboratory on Marine Biotoxins, V.le A. Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy (F.P.); (I.S.)
| | - Giuseppa Oliveri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Antonella Costa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy (A.C.)
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Environmental Reservoirs of Pathogenic Vibrio spp. and Their Role in Disease: The List Keeps Expanding. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1404:99-126. [PMID: 36792873 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio species are natural inhabitants of aquatic environments and have complex interactions with the environment that drive the evolution of traits contributing to their survival. These traits may also contribute to their ability to invade or colonize animal and human hosts. In this review, we attempt to summarize the relationships of Vibrio spp. with other organisms in the aquatic environment and discuss how these interactions could potentially impact colonization of animal and human hosts.
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Faleye OS, Sathiyamoorthi E, Lee JH, Lee J. Inhibitory Effects of Cinnamaldehyde Derivatives on Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factors in Vibrio Species. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122176. [PMID: 34959457 PMCID: PMC8708114 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is considered one of the most relevant pathogenic marine bacteria with a range of virulence factors to establish food-related gastrointestinal infections in humans. Cinnamaldehyde (CNMA) and some of its derivatives have antimicrobial and antivirulence activities against several bacterial pathogens. This study examined the inhibitory effects of CNMA and its derivatives on biofilm formation and the virulence factors in Vibrio species, particularly V. parahaemolyticus. CNMA and ten of its derivatives were initially screened against V. parahaemolyticus biofilm formation, and their effects on the production of virulence factors and gene expression were studied. Among the CNMA derivatives tested, 4-nitrocinnamaldehyde, 4-chlorocinnamaldehyde, and 4-bromocinnamaldehyde displayed antibacterial and antivirulence activities, while the backbone CNMA had weak effects. The derivatives could prevent the adhesion of V. parahaemolyticus to surfaces by the dose-dependent inhibition of cell surface hydrophobicity, fimbriae production, and flagella-mediated swimming and swarming phenotypes. They also decreased the protease secretion required for virulence and indole production, which could act as an important signal molecule. The expression of QS and biofilm-related genes (aphA, cpsA, luxS, and opaR), virulence genes (fliA, tdh, and vopS), and membrane integrity genes (fadL, and nusA) were downregulated in V. parahaemolyticus by these three CNMA analogs. Interestingly, they eliminated V. parahaemolyticus and reduced the background flora from the squid surface. In addition, they exhibited similar antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against Vibrio harveyi. This study identified CNMA derivatives as potential broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents to treat biofilm-mediated Vibrio infections and for surface disinfection in food processing facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- Correspondence: (J.-H.L.); (J.L.); Tel.: +82-53-810-3812 (J.-H.L.); +82-53-810-2533 (J.L.); Fax: +82-53-810-4631 (J.-H.L. & J.L.)
| | - Jintae Lee
- Correspondence: (J.-H.L.); (J.L.); Tel.: +82-53-810-3812 (J.-H.L.); +82-53-810-2533 (J.L.); Fax: +82-53-810-4631 (J.-H.L. & J.L.)
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Ashrafudoulla M, Na KW, Hossain MI, Mizan MFR, Nahar S, Toushik SH, Roy PK, Park SH, Ha SD. Molecular and pathogenic characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seafood. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 172:112927. [PMID: 34526263 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gastroenteritis infections in humans are mainly associated with consumption of Vibrio parahaemolyticus contaminated shellfish, which causes health and economic loss. Virulence factor production, antibiotic resistance profile, and biofilm-forming capacity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates on food and food contact surfaces at 30 °C were investigated to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity and pathogenic level. Strains of V. parahaemolyticus were isolated from shellfish (e.g., Crassostrea gigas, Venerupis philippinarum, Mytilus coruscus, Anadara kagoshimensis) in Korea. When examined for 17 virulence factor-encoding genes, 53.3, 73.1, 87.1, 87.9, and 90.9% of the isolates were positive for genes encoding TDH, T6SS, T3SS1, T3SS2, and Type I pilus, respectively. All isolates showed resistance to vancomycin, tetracyclines, penicillin, nalidixic acid, and doxycycline, among 26 antibiotics tested, with most isolates resistant to kanamycin (93.5%), ampicillin (96.8%), clindamycin (96.8%), tobramycin (88.7%), amikacin (83.97%), and minocycline (80.7%). Biofilm formation, cell-cell attachment, and motility were high in most isolates. These findings may assist in monitoring the epidemics of the pathogen. Continuous monitoring could help to decrease V. parahaemolyticus infections and improve seafood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashrafudoulla
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Na
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Iqbal Hossain
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Shamsun Nahar
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Pantu Kumar Roy
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hong Park
- Food Science and Technology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea.
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Ottaviani D, Pieralisi S, Chierichetti S, Rocchegiani E, Hattab J, Mosca F, Tiscar PG, Leoni F, Angelico G. Vibrio parahaemolyticus control in mussels by a Halobacteriovorax isolated from the Adriatic sea, Italy. Food Microbiol 2020; 92:103600. [PMID: 32950141 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the application of a Halobacteriovorax isolated from water of the Adriatic Sea (Italy) in controlling V. parahaemolyticus in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Two 72 h laboratory-scale V. parahaemolyticus decontamination experiments of mussels were performed. The test microcosm of experiment 1 was prepared using predator/prey free mussels experimentally contaminated with Halobacteriovorax/V. parahaemolyticus at a ratio of 103 PFU/105 CFU per ml, while that of experiment 2 using mussels naturally harbouring Halobacteriovorax that were experimentally contaminated with 105 CFU per ml of V. parahaemolyticus. For experiment 1, was also tested a control microcosm only contaminated with 105 CFU per ml of V. parahaemolyticus.. Double layer agar plating and pour plate techniques were used to enumerate Halobacteriovorax and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. 16 S rRNA analysis was used to identify Halobacteriovorax. For both experiments in the test microcosm the concentration of prey remained at the same level as that experimentally added, i.e. 5 log for the entire analysis period. In experiment 1, V. parahaemolyticus counts in mussels were significantly lower in the test microcosm than the control with the maximum difference of 2.2 log at 24 h. Results demonstrate that Halobacteriovorax can modulate V. parahaemolyticus level in the mussels. The public impact of V. parahaemolyticus in bivalves is relevant and current decontamination processes are not always effective. Halobacteriovorax is a suitable candidate in the development of a biological approach to the purification of V. parahaemolyticus in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pieralisi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Chierichetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Rocchegiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jasmine Hattab
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesco Mosca
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Leoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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Ashrafudoulla M, Mizan MFR, Park H, Byun KH, Lee N, Park SH, Ha SD. Genetic Relationship, Virulence Factors, Drug Resistance Profile and Biofilm Formation Ability of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated From Mussel. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:513. [PMID: 30949142 PMCID: PMC6435529 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the virulence factors, genetic relationship, antibiotic resistance profile and the biofilm formation ability of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates on shrimp and mussel surfaces at 30°C. In this study, eight (n = 8) V. parahaemolyticus isolated from mussel were examined. We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to examine the distribution of different genes, and Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic-PCR (REP-PCR) to compare the genetic relationship. Disk diffusion technique was used to assess antibiotic and multiple-antibiotic resistance. The biofilm formation assay, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to evaluate biofilm formation ability. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) was used to observe the morphological structure of bacterial cell. Our results indicated that the biofilm-associated genes, 16S rRNA, toxR, and tdh, were present in all the tested V. parahaemolyticus isolates (n = 8). Approximately, 62.5% (5 isolates among 8 isolates) isolates showed strong multiple-antibiotic resistance index with an average value of 0.56. All isolates (n = 8) showed strong genetic relationship and significant biofilm formation ability on shrimp and mussel surfaces. This study demonstrated that the presence of virulence factors, high multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) values, and effective biofilm formation ability of V. parahaemolyticus isolates could be a great threat to human health and economic values in future. It was also suggested that a high resistance rate to antibiotic could be ineffective for treating V. parahaemolyticus infections. The continuous monitoring of V. parahaemolyticus antibiotic, molecular and biofilm characteristics is needed to increase seafood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ashrafudoulla
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Md. Furkanur Rahaman Mizan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Heedae Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Kye-Hwan Byun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Nari Lee
- Food Safety Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Si Hong Park
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
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Kang CH, Shin Y, Yu H, Kim S, So JS. Antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters in Korea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 135:69-74. [PMID: 30301087 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, found frequently in oysters and other seafoods, is the most prevalent gastroenteritis-causing pathogen in Korea and other Asian countries. It is associated exclusively with the consumption of raw or improperly cooked contaminated seafood, especially oysters. In this study, we isolated and characterized 59 V. parahaemolyticus strains (toxR-positive) from May to October 2016 in shellfish-harvesting areas off the west coast of Korea. The results revealed that none of the isolates contained the tdh and trh toxicity genes. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) value of most isolates was 0.32, but it was as high as 0.69 in one isolate strain. Moreover, when resistance to heavy metals was examined, the majority of the isolates displayed resistance to Ba2+ (98.3%), Co3+ (28.8%), Cd2+ (16.9%), and Cu2+ (13.6%). Interestingly our data revealed that tolerance to heavy metals was prevalent in the V. parahaemolyticus strains with more than two antibiotic resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ho Kang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - YuJin Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - HongSik Yu
- West Sea Fisheries Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI), Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - SuKyung Kim
- West Sea Fisheries Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI), Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seong So
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Lopatek M, Wieczorek K, Osek J. Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Factors, and Genetic Profiles of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Seafood. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:e00537-18. [PMID: 29915109 PMCID: PMC6070759 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00537-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a widespread bacterium in the marine environment and is responsible for gastroenteritis in humans. Foodborne infections are mainly associated with the consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish and shellfish. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and genetic profiles of V. parahaemolyticus isolates from seafood originating from different countries. A total of 104 (17.5%) isolates were recovered from 595 analyzed samples. The isolates were tested for the presence of the tdh and trh genes, involved in the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus infections in humans, and these genes were detected in 3 (2.9%) and 11 (10.6%) isolates, respectively. The trh-positive isolates also possessed the ure gene, which is responsible for urease production. Moreover, the activity of protease A was identified in all V. parahaemolyticus strains. Antimicrobial resistance revealed that most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (75.0%) and streptomycin (68.3%), whereas all strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol and tetracyclines. Most of the isolates (55.8%) showed resistance against two classes of antimicrobials, mainly to ampicillin and streptomycin (46.2%). Only one isolate displayed a multiresistant pattern. Genotypic analysis of V. parahaemolyticus revealed a high degree of diversity among the isolates tested. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method distinguished 73 clonal groups, and the most numerous group consisted of 7 strains. Sequencing by the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method showed 76 sequence types (STs), of which ST481 and ST1361 were most frequently identified. In addition, 51 (67.1%) new sequence types were discovered and added to the PubMLST international database.IMPORTANCE The presence of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood may pose a risk for consumers, especially in countries where shellfish are eaten raw. In recent years, a significant increase of food poisoning caused by these bacteria has been also observed in Europe. Our results highlight the high level of V. parahaemolyticus contamination of seafood, along with the isolates being potentially pathogenic for humans. However, the first-line antimicrobials, such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, remained highly effective against V. parahaemolyticus The monitoring of antimicrobial resistance of isolates is important to ensure the high efficacy in the treatment of human infections. Most of V. parahaemolyticus strains possessed new sequence types (STs), which showed the high genetic diversity of the isolates tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Lopatek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Kinga Wieczorek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jacek Osek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
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Asgarpoor D, Haghi F, Zeighami H. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in Shrimp Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background:Food safety has emerged as an important global issue with international trade and public health implications. Bacterial pathogens asVibrio parahaemolyticusrecognized as an important cause of foodborne diseases related to the consumption of raw, undercooked or mishandled seafood worldwide.Methods:A total of 70 individual wild shrimp samples were collected from shrimp retail outlets in Zanjan, Iran and investigated for the presence of potentially pathogenic strains ofV. parahaemolyticus.The shrimp samples were immediately homogenized and cultured on TCBS agarand subjected to confirmatory biochemical tests. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for detection of total and pathogenicV. parahaemolyticusby amplification ofvp–toxR,tdhandtrhgenes.Results:The conventional method indicated that 16 (22.8%) of samples were positive forV. parahaemolyticus. However, PCR verified that only 12 (17.1%) shrimp samples were positive forV. parahaemolyticus.Of the 70 shrimp samples in our study, only 2 (2.8%)tdhand 1 (1.4%)trhpositive strains were identified.Conclusion:Detection oftdhand/ ortrhpositiveV. parahaemolyticusin shrimp marketed in Zanjan, Iran shows a probable risk for public health. Therefore, the reliable molecular methods for monitoring of potentially pathogenicV. parahaemolyticusare strongly recommended for the routine seafood examination.
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Ecological fitness and virulence features of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in estuarine environments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:1781-1794. [PMID: 28144705 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a commonly encountered and highly successful organism in marine ecosystems. It is a fast-growing, extremely versatile copiotroph that is active over a very broad range of conditions. It frequently occurs suspended in the water column (often attached to particles or zooplankton), and is a proficient colonist of submerged surfaces. This organism is an important pathogen of animals ranging from microcrustaceans to humans and is a causative agent of seafood-associated food poisoning. This review examines specific ecological adaptations of V. parahaemolyticus, including its broad tolerances to temperature and salinity, its utilization of a wide variety of organic carbon and energy sources, and its pervasive colonization of suspended and stationary materials that contribute to its success and ubiquity in temperate and tropical estuarine ecosystems. Several virulence-related features are examined, in particular the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH), the TDH-related hemolysin (TRH), and the type 3 secretion system, and the possible importance of these features in V. parahaemolyticus pathogenicity is explored. The impact of new and much more effective PCR primers on V. parahaemolyticus detection and our views of virulent strain abundance are also described. It is clear that strains carrying the canonical virulence genes are far more common than previously thought, which opens questions regarding the role of these genes in pathogenesis. It is also clear that virulence is an evolving feature of V. parahaemolyticus and that novel combinations of virulence factors can lead to emergent virulence in which a strain that is markedly more pathogenic evolves and propagates to produce an outbreak. The effects of global climate change on the frequency of epidemic disease, the geographic distribution of outbreaks, and the human impacts of V. parahaemolyticus are increasing and this review provides information on why this ubiquitous human pathogen has increased its footprint and its significance so dramatically.
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Odeyemi OA. Incidence and prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood: a systematic review and meta-analysis. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:464. [PMID: 27119068 PMCID: PMC4831955 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important seafood borne human pathogen worldwide due to it occurrence, prevalence and ability to cause gastrointestinal infections. This current study aim at investigating the incidence and prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood using systematic review-meta-analysis by exploring heterogeneity among primary studies. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of peer reviewed primary studies reported between 2003 and 2015 for the occurrence and prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood was conducted using “isolation”, “detection”, “prevalence”, “incidence”, “occurrence” or “enumeration” and V. parahaemolyticus as search algorithms in Web of Science (Science Direct) and ProQuest of electronic bibliographic databases. Data extracted from the primary studies were then analyzed with fixed effect meta-analysis model for effect rate to explore heterogeneity between the primary studies. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot. A total of 10,819 articles were retrieved from the data bases of which 48 studies met inclusion criteria. V. parahaemolyticus could only be isolated from 2761 (47.5 %) samples of 5811 seafood investigated. The result of this study shows that incidence of V. parahaemolyticus was more prevalent in oysters with overall prevalence rate of 63.4 % (95 % CI 0.592–0.674) than other seafood. Overall prevalence rate of clams was 52.9 % (95 % CI 0.490–0.568); fish 51.0 % (95 % CI 0.476–0.544); shrimps 48.3 % (95 % CI 0.454–0.512) and mussels, scallop and periwinkle: 28.0 % (95 % CI 0.255–0.307). High heterogeneity (p value <0.001; I2 = 95.291) was observed mussel compared to oysters (I2 = 91.024). It could be observed from this study that oysters harbor V. parahaemolyticus based on the prevalence rate than other seafood investigated. The occurrence and prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus is of public health importance, hence, more studies involving seafood such as mussels need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumide A Odeyemi
- Ecology and Biodiversity Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
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12
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Kang CH, Shin Y, Kim W, Kim Y, Song K, Oh EG, Kim S, Yu H, So JS. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters in Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:918-926. [PMID: 26511256 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the most prevalent gastroenteritis-causing pathogen in Korea and in some other Asian countries. It is frequently found in oysters and other seafood. This study monitored changes in the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus and environmental parameters in oyster aquaculture environments in Korea. From June to October 2014, we tested oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from shellfish-harvesting areas off the west coast of Korea. These 71 isolates were the sum of 16 (22.5%), 19 (26.8%), 23 (32.4%), and 13 (18.3%) isolates collected in July, August, September, and October, respectively. These 71 isolates had the following profiles of resistance against 16 antibiotics: all isolates were resistant to ampicillin and vancomycin, and 52.2, 50.7, and 50.7% of isolates exhibited resistance to cephalothin, rifampin, and streptomycin, respectively. PCR analysis for the presence of the species-specific toxR gene confirmed that 38 (53.5%) of the total 71 isolated strains were positive for V. parahaemolyticus. In PCR analysis for virulence of V. parahaemolyticus, of the 71 isolates tested in the present study, only 38 (53.5%) were positive for the trh virulence gene and 71 (100%) was negative for the tdh virulence gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ho Kang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - YuJin Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - WooRi Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - YongGyeong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - KiCheol Song
- West sea Fisheries Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun-Gyoung Oh
- Aquaculture Industry Division, SSFRI, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), Yeosu, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - SuKyung Kim
- West sea Fisheries Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), Incheon, Korea
| | - HongSik Yu
- West sea Fisheries Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), Incheon, Korea
| | - Jae-Seong So
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
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Igbinosa EO. Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance of Vibrio Isolates in Aquaculture Environments: Implications for Public Health. Microb Drug Resist 2015; 22:238-45. [PMID: 26540391 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2015.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Vibrio isolates recovered from four different fish pond facilities in Benin City, Nigeria, determine their antibiogram profiles, and evaluate the public health implications of these findings. Fish pond water samples were collected from four sampling sites between March and September 2014. A total of 56 samples were collected and screened for the isolation of Vibrio species using standard culture-based methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the identities of the Vibrio species using the genus-specific and species-specific primers. Vibrio species were detected at all the study sites at a concentration on the order of 10(3) and 10(6) CFU/100 ml. A total of 550 presumptive Vibrio isolates were subjected to PCR confirmation. Of these isolates, 334 isolates tested positive, giving an overall Vibrio prevalence rate of 60.7%. The speciation of the 334 Vibrio isolates from fish ponds yielded 32.63% Vibrio fluvialis, 20.65% Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 18.26% Vibrio vulnificus, and 28.44% other Vibrio species. In all, 167 confirmed Vibrio isolates were selected from a pool of 334 confirmed Vibrio isolates for antibiogram profiling. The susceptibility profiles of 20 antimicrobial agents on the isolates revealed a high level of resistance for AMP(R), ERY(R), NAL(R), SUL(R), TMP(R), SXT(R), TET(R), OTC(R), and CHL(R). The percentage of multiple drug resistance Vibrio isolates was 67.6%. The multiple antibiotic resistance index mean value of 0.365 for the Vibrio isolates found in this study indicated that the Vibrio isolates were exposed to high-risk sources of contamination when antibiotics were frequently used. The resistant Vibrio strains could be transmitted through the food chain to humans and therefore constitutes a risk to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etinosa O Igbinosa
- Applied Microbial Processes & Environmental Health Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin , Benin City, Nigeria
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14
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Paranjpye RN, Nilsson WB, Liermann M, Hilborn ED, George BJ, Li Q, Bill BD, Trainer VL, Strom MS, Sandifer PA. Environmental influences on the seasonal distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific Northwest of the USA. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 91:fiv121. [PMID: 26454066 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the environment can be influenced by numerous factors. We assessed the correlation of total (tl+) and potentially virulent (tdh+) V. parahaemolyticus in water with three harmful algal bloom (HAB) genera (Pseudo-nitzschia, Alexandrium and Dinophysis), the abundance of diatoms and dinoflagellates, chlorophyll-a and temperature, salinity and macronutrients at five sites in Washington State from 2008-2009. The variability in V. parahaemolyticus density was explained predominantly by strong seasonal trends where maximum densities occurred in June, 2 months prior to the highest seasonal water temperature. In spite of large geographic differences in temperature, salinity and nutrients, there was little evidence of corresponding differences in V. parahaemolyticus density. In addition, there was no evident relationship between V. parahaemolyticus and indices of HAB genera, perhaps due to a lack of significant HAB events during the sampling period. The only nutrient significantly associated with V. parahaemolyticus density after accounting for the seasonal trend was silicate. This negative relationship may be caused by a shift in cell wall structure for some diatom species to a chitinous substrate preferred by V. parahaemolyticus. Results from our study differ from those in other regions corroborating previous findings that environmental factors that trigger vibrio and HAB events may differ depending on geographic locations. Therefore caution should be used when applying results from one region to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohinee N Paranjpye
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - William B Nilsson
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Martin Liermann
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Hilborn
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Barbara J George
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Quanlin Li
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian D Bill
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Vera L Trainer
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Mark S Strom
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Paul A Sandifer
- Hollings Marine Laboratory, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
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15
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Mentha spicata Essential Oil: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities against Planktonic and Biofilm Cultures of Vibrio spp. Strains. Molecules 2015; 20:14402-24. [PMID: 26262604 PMCID: PMC6332415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200814402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-Vibrio spp. activities of the essential oil isolated from the aerial parts of Mentha spicata L. (spearmint) are investigated in the present study. The effect of the essential oil on Vibrio spp. biofilm inhibition and eradication was tested using the XTT assay. A total of 63 chemical constituents were identified in spearmint oil using GC/MS, constituting 99.9% of the total identified compounds. The main components were carvone (40.8% ± 1.23%) and limonene (20.8% ± 1.12%). The antimicrobial activity against 30 Vibrio spp. strains (16 species) was evaluated by disc diffusion and microdilution assays. All microorganisms were strongly affected, indicating an appreciable antimicrobial potential of the oil. Moreover, the investigated oil exhibited high antioxidant potency, as assessed by four different tests in comparison with BHT. The ability of the oil, belonging to the carvone chemotype, to inhibit or reduce Vibrio spp. biofilm warrants further investigation to explore the use of natural products in antibiofilm adhesion and reinforce the possibility of its use in the pharmaceutical or food industry as a natural antibiotic and seafood preservative against Vibrio contamination.
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16
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Lopatek M, Wieczorek K, Osek J. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Raw Shellfish in Poland. J Food Prot 2015; 78:1029-33. [PMID: 25951402 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine bacterium recognized as an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans consuming contaminated shellfish. In recent years, increasing resistance to ampicillin and aminoglycosides has been observed among V. parahaemolyticus isolates. However, the first-line antimicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones remained highly effective against these bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus in live bivalve molluscs available on the Polish market and to determine the antimicrobial resistance of the recovered isolates. A total of 400 shellfish samples (mussels, oysters, clams, and scallops) from 2009 to 2012 were tested using the International Organization for Standardization standard 21872-1 method and PCR for the species-specific toxR gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined using a microbroth dilution method. V. parahaemolyticus was identified in 70 (17.5%) of the 400 samples, and the toxR gene was confirmed in 64 (91.4%) of these isolates. Most of the isolates were recovered from clams (31 isolates; 48.4% prevalence) followed by mussels (17 isolates; 26.6% prevalence). More V. parahaemolyticus-positive samples were found between May and September (22.7% prevalence) than between October and April (11.4% prevalence). Antibiotic profiling revealed that most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (56 isolates; 87.5%) and to streptomycin (45 isolates; 70.3%), but all of them were susceptible to tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Forty-one isolates (64.1%) were resistant to two or more antimicrobials; however, only one isolate (1.6%) was resistant to three antimicrobial classes. The antimicrobials used in treatment of human V. parahaemolyticus infection had high efficacy against the bacterial isolates tested. This study is the first concerning antibiotic resistance of V. parahaemolyticus isolates in Poland, and the results obtained indicate that these bacteria may pose a health risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Lopatek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Kinga Wieczorek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jacek Osek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
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17
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Xu X, Wu Q, Zhang J, Cheng J, Zhang S, Wu K. Prevalence, pathogenicity, and serotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimp from Chinese retail markets. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Khouadja S, Suffredini E, Baccouche B, Croci L, Bakhrouf A. Occurrence of virulence genes among Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from treated wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2014; 186:6935-6945. [PMID: 25023745 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-3900-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic Vibrio species are an important cause of foodborne illnesses. The aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of potentially pathogenic Vibrio species in the final effluents of a wastewater treatment plant and the risk that they may pose to public health. During the 1-year monitoring, a total of 43 Vibrio strains were isolated: 23 Vibrio alginolyticus, 1 Vibrio cholerae, 4 Vibrio vulnificus, and 15 Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The PCR investigation of V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae virulence genes (tlh, trh, tdh, toxR, toxS, toxRS, toxT, zot, ctxAB, tcp, ace, vpi, nanH) revealed the presence of some of these genes in a significant number of strains. Intraspecies variability and genetic relationships among the environmental isolates were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR). We report the results of the first isolation and characterization of an environmental V. cholerae non-O1 non-O139 and of a toxigenic V. parahaemolyticus strain in Tunisia. We suggest that non-pathogenic Vibrio might represent a marine reservoir of virulence genes that can be transmitted between strains by horizontal transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadok Khouadja
- Laboratoire d'Analyse, Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l'Environnement et des Produits, Département de Microbiologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia,
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19
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Occurrence of Vibrio, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in retail fresh fish, mussel and shrimp. ACTA VET BRNO 2014. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201483020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the presence of pathogenic Vibrio spp., S. aureus and Salmonella in 100 seafood samples purchased from retail outlets in Bursa city (Turkey). Of the samples examined including fish, mussel and shrimp, 67% were found to be contaminated with Vibrio. Presumed Vibrio spp. were identified by standard biochemical tests, and further confirmed by API 20E system. Identified Vibrio spp. were V. parahaemolyticus (28%), V. vulnificus (1%) and V. cholerae (1%), with the most prevalent being V. alginolyticus (37%). Six (6%) of the samples analysed were positive for S. aureus. However, no contamination of the samples with Salmonella was observed. Our results showed that seafood from retail outlets can be a likely vehicle for infections with Vibrio spp. and S. aureus.
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20
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Rahman MS, Martino ME, Cardazzo B, Facco P, Bordin P, Mioni R, Novelli E, Fasolato L. Vibrio trends in the ecology of the Venice lagoon. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:2372-80. [PMID: 24487545 PMCID: PMC3993166 DOI: 10.1128/aem.04133-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio is a very diverse genus that is responsible for different human and animal diseases. The accurate identification of Vibrio at the species level is important to assess the risks related to public health and diseases caused by aquatic organisms. The ecology of Vibrio spp., together with their genetic background, represents an important key for species discrimination and evolution. Thus, analyses of population structure and ecology association are necessary for reliable characterization of bacteria and to investigate whether bacterial species are going through adaptation processes. In this study, a population of Vibrionaceae was isolated from shellfish of the Venice lagoon and analyzed in depth to study its structure and distribution in the environment. A multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was developed on the basis of four housekeeping genes. Both molecular and biochemical approaches were used for species characterization, and the results were compared to assess the consistency of the two methods. In addition, strain ecology and the association between genetic information and environment were investigated through statistical models. The phylogenetic and population analyses achieved good species clustering, while biochemical identification was demonstrated to be imprecise. In addition, this study provided a fine-scale overview of the distribution of Vibrio spp. in the Venice lagoon, and the results highlighted a preferential association of the species toward specific ecological variables. These findings support the use of MLSA for taxonomic studies and demonstrate the need to consider environmental information to obtain broader and more accurate bacterial characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shamsur Rahman
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
- Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Maria Elena Martino
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Barbara Cardazzo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Pierantonio Facco
- Computer-Aided Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Bordin
- Laboratorio Batteriologia degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Renzo Mioni
- Laboratorio Batteriologia degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Enrico Novelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luca Fasolato
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
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21
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Abd-Elghany SM, Sallam KI. Occurrence and molecular identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in retail shellfish in Mansoura, Egypt. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Presence of pathogenic Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in waters and seafood from the Tunisian Sea. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 29:1341-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Profile and multidrug resistance determinants of Chryseobacterium indologenes from seawater and marine fauna. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 29:515-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Maravić A, Skočibušić M, Sprung M, Samanić I, Puizina J, Pavela-Vrančić M. Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Burkholderia cepacia complex in coastal marine environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2012; 22:531-542. [PMID: 22428949 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2012.667797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
During an environmental study of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in coastal waters of the Kaštela Bay, Adriatic Sea, Croatia, 47 Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) isolates were recovered from seawater and mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples. All isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance. Among the isolates, two Burkholderia cenocepacia isolates produced chromosomally encoded TEM-116 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Analysis of outer membrane proteins revealed that decreased expression of a 36-kDa protein could be associated with a high level of β-lactam resistance in both isolates. Phenotypic study of efflux system also indicated an over-expression of Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (RND) efflux-mediated mechanism in one of the isolates. This study demonstrated the presence of Bcc in seawater and M. galloprovincialis, which gives evidence that coastal marine environment, including mussels, could be considered as a reservoir for Bcc species. Detection of ESBL-encoding genes indicates the potential role of these bacteria in the maintenance and dispersion of antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maravić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
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25
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Rojas MVR, Matté MH, Dropa M, Silva MLD, Matté GR. Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters and mussels in São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2012; 53:201-5. [PMID: 21915463 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652011000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine bacterium, responsible for gastroenteritis in humans. Most of the clinical isolates produce thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) encoded by tdh and trh genes respectively. In this study, twenty-three V. parahaemolyticus, previously isolated from oysters and mussels were analyzed by PCR using specific primers for the 16S rRNA and virulence genes (tdh, trh and tlh) and for resistance to different classes of antibiotics and PFGE. Nineteen isolates were confirmed by PCR as V. parahaemolyticus. The tlh gene was present in 100% of isolates, the tdh gene was identified in two (10.5%) isolates, whereas the gene trh was not detected. Each isolate was resistant to at least one of the nine antimicrobials tested. Additionally, all isolates possessed the blaTEM-116 gene. The presence of this gene in V. parahaemolyticus indicates the possibility of spreading this gene in the environment. Atypical strains of V. parahaemolyticus were also detected in this study.
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26
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Rahimi E, Ameri M, Doosti A, Gholampour AR. Occurrence of ToxigenicVibrio parahaemolyticusStrains in Shrimp in Iran. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010; 7:1107-11. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2010.0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Rahimi
- Department of Food Hygiene, College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Kord Branch, Shahr-e Kord, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Doosti
- Biotechnology Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Kord Branch, Shahr-e Kord, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Gholampour
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Kord Branch, Shahr-e Kord, Iran
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27
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Ottaviani D, Leoni F, Rocchegiani E, Canonico C, Potenziani S, Santarelli S, Masini L, Scuota S, Carraturo A. Vibrio parahaemolyticus-associated gastroenteritis in Italy: persistent occurrence of O3:K6 pandemic clone and emergence of O1:KUT serotype. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 66:452-5. [PMID: 20226338 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report 2 cases of O3:K6 and O1:KUT Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis associated with consumption of local mussels in Italy in 2008. Serotypic, antibiogram, toxigenic, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of these strains were compared to those of other isolates collected from local clinical and seafood samples in 2007 to 2008. We underline the recurrent presence of O3:K6 pandemic clone and the emergence of trh-positive O1:KUT serotype in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Centro di Referenza Nazionale Controllo Microbiologico e Chimico Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi (CEREM), 60126 Ancona, Italy.
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28
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Fabbro C, Cataletto B, Del Negro P. Detection of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus through biochemical and molecular-based methodologies in coastal waters of the Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic Sea). FEMS Microbiol Lett 2010; 307:158-64. [PMID: 20412305 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.01969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Culturable vibrios were isolated from seawater collected during an annual sampling study performed along the Gulf of Trieste coast (Northern Adriatic Sea), and conventional culturing and identification methods were used to investigate the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Biochemically selected Vibrio strains were subjected to phenotypical identification performed using Alsina's scheme, API 20E and API 20NE. PCR and sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and detection of the species-specific toxR and tlh genes were carried out on strains presumptively identified as V. parahaemolyticus and on a set of unidentified strains to confirm biochemical characterizations. In addition, PCR assays targeting the virulence genes, tdh and trh, were carried out to detect pathogenic strains. PCR results were compared with phenotypic characterizations to evaluate the accuracy of the biochemical methods applied. False-negative identifications were obtained by all phenotypic-based procedures, while API 20E yielded only one false positive. Because the amplification of the 16S rRNA gene produced uncertain results, toxR and tlh gene detections were necessary to confirm the biochemical identifications. Finally, molecular characterization demonstrated the presence of V. parahaemolyticus trh-positive strains and underlined the difficulty in the recognition of the pathogenic environmental organism using conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Fabbro
- Dipartimento di Oceanografia Biologica, Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Trieste, Italy.
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Ottaviani D, Leoni F, Rocchegiani E, Canonico C, Potenziani S, Santarelli S, Masini L, Mioni R, Carraturo A. Prevalence, serotyping and molecular characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in mussels from Italian growing areas, Adriatic Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2010; 2:192-197. [PMID: 23766016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2010.00134.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in Italian mussels from different geographical areas of the Adriatic Sea and to determine their serotypes, toxigenic profiles and pandemic potential. Out of 559 samples analysed during 2007, 65 (11.6%) were positive for V. parahaemolyticus. None of the isolates had the genes for thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) and pandemic marker (toxRS), while five strains (7.7%) had that for TDH-related haemolysin (trh). Regarding geographical location of the toxigenic strains, three were from the Adriatic coast of Puglia, one from Veneto, and one from the Marches. The trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus isolates from Puglia belonged to O1:KUT (2/3) and O1:K37(1/3) serotypes, the trh-positive isolate from the Marches to OUT(O untypeable):KUT serotype, and that from Veneto to O3:KUT. The prevalence of trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus obtained from mussels in this study was higher respect to that reported in previous studies from other European and Extraeuropean countries. The Health Authorities should be more aware of the epidemiological role of environmental V. parahaemolyticus in local food-borne diseases, and increase the microbial surveillance on these microorganisms isolated from shellfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Centro di Referenza Nazionale Controllo Microbiologico e Chimico Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi (CEREM), 60100 Ancona, Italy. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy. Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica, ASL Latina, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, Latina, Italy
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Snoussi M, Hajlaoui H, Noumi E, Usai D, Sechi LA, Zanetti S, Bakhrouf A. In-vitro anti-Vibrio spp. activity and chemical composition of some Tunisian aromatic plants. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-008-9811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ottaviani D, Leoni F, Rocchegiani E, Santarelli S, Canonico C, Masini L, Ditrani V, Carraturo A. First clinical report of pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 infection in Italy. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:2144-5. [PMID: 18448694 PMCID: PMC2446877 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00683-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Centro di Referenza Nazionale Controllo Microbiologico e Chimico Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, CEREM, Ancona, Italy.
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Vernocchi P, Maffei M, Lanciotti R, Suzzi G, Gardini F. Characterization of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) harvested in Adriatic Sea (Italy). Food Control 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2006.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Masini L, De Grandis G, Principi F, Mengarelli C, Ottaviani D. Research and characterization of pathogenic vibrios from bathing water along the Conero Riviera (Central Italy). WATER RESEARCH 2007; 41:4031-40. [PMID: 17619048 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 05/04/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and pathogenicity of vibrios in bathing water were investigated along the Conero Riviera (Adriatic Sea, Central Italy). Vibrio spp. enumeration was performed on thiosulfate-citrate-bile-salts-sucrose-agar by the membrane filter method, and identification was done through a biochemical protocol. All isolates were tested for the presence of cytotoxicity, protease, lipase, elastase, gelatinase, urease, haemolytic activity, ctx, tdh and trh genes by conventional methods. In all, 200 vibrios were isolated from 132 samples that were analysed. Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio alginolyticus were the species most frequently recovered. All strains were cytotoxic and some of them showed protease, gelatinase, lipase, elastase, urease and haemolytic activity. One isolate of V. alginolyticus and one of V. harveyi had the trh gene, while another strain of V. harveyi and one of Vibrio parahaemolyticus had the ctx gene. These results demonstrate the presence of potentially pathogenic vibrios in the Conero Riviera and the risk of infection due to bathing water exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Masini
- Italian Reference Center for Microbiological and Chemical Control on Shellfish--State Veterinary Institute for Umbria and the Marches (IZSUM), Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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