1
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Basiri N, Zarei M, Kargar M, Kafilzadeh F. Effect of plasma-activated water on the biofilm-forming ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and expression of the related genes. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 406:110419. [PMID: 37776833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microbial decontamination with plasma-activated water (PAW) has attracted a lot of research attention in the field of food industry. Despite several studies showing that PAW effectively inactivates planktonic bacteria, few studies have been conducted on biofilms. The present study was, therefore, designed to evaluate the effect of PAW on the biofilm formation characteristics of Salmonella Enteritidis. Comparing the expression patterns of biofilm-related genes in PAW-treated and non-treated planktonic and biofilm cells provided insight into how PAW regulates this process. The results showed that a 30-minute exposure to PAW at room temperature significantly reduced S. enteritidis planktonic cells. This exposure resulted in a decreased expression of the genes involved in the early stages of biofilm formation (csgD, agfA, fimA, lpfE, and rpoS), and an increased expression of the csrA gene in S. enteritidis planktonic cells. These results indicated the inhibitory effect of PAW on the biofilm formation process in S. enteritidis. Results of the initial attachment assay confirmed these findings, where, after 6 h, the number of PAW-treated cells attached to the stainless steel surfaces were significantly lower than non-treated ones. Furthermore, biofilm development assay revealed that the number of PAW-treated biofilm cells were significantly lower than non-treated ones after 24 h incubation at 37 °C. These findings were confirmed by measurements of the major components of biofilm i.e., extracellular DNA (eDNA), protein and carbohydrate. The amount of these components in 24-hour biofilms produced by PAW-treated S. enteritidis cells was significantly lower than that of non-treated cells. PAW's treatment on preformed 24-hour biofilms for 30 min led to a decrease in the expression of genes involved in quorum sensing and cellulose synthesis (csgD, bapA, adrA, luxS and sdiA) and an increase in the expression of the csrA gene. This treatment also reduced the number and metabolic activity of biofilm cells compared to non-treated biofilm cells. In total, the present study demonstrated that PAW has an inhibitory effect on the process of biofilm formation in S. enteritidis and hence, the food industry should pay special attention to PAW as a promising treatment to eliminate bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Basiri
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Kargar
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Farshid Kafilzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
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2
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Poimenidou SV, Caccia N, Paramithiotis S, Hébraud M, Nychas GJ, Skandamis PN. Influence of temperature on regulation of key virulence and stress response genes in Listeria monocytogenes biofilms. Food Microbiol 2023; 111:104190. [PMID: 36681396 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is a major determinant of Listeria (L.) monocytogenes adherence and biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. However, its role on gene regulation of L. monocytogenes mature biofilms has not been investigated. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of temperature up- and down-shift on L. monocytogenes biofilms gene transcription. L. monocytogenes strain EGD-e biofilms were first developed on stainless steel surfaces in Brain Heart Infusion broth at 20 °C for 48 h. Then, nutrient broth was renewed, and mature biofilms were exposed to 10 °C, 20 °C or 37 °C for 24 h. Biofilm cells were harvested and RNA levels of plcA, prfA, hly, mpl, plcB, sigB, bapL, fbpA, fbpB, lmo2178, lmo0880, lmo0160, lmo1115, lmo 2089, lmo2576, lmo0159 and lmo0627 were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. The results revealed an over-expression of all genes tested in biofilm cells compared to planktonic cells. When biofilms were further allowed to proliferate at 20 °C for 24 h, the transcription levels of key virulence, stress response and putative binding proteins genes plcA, sigB, fbpA, fbpB, lmo1115, lmo0880 and lmo2089 decreased. A temperature-dependent transcription for sigB, plcA, hly, and lmo2089 genes was observed after biofilm proliferation at 10 °C or 37 °C. Our findings suggest that temperature differentially affects gene regulation of L. monocytogenes mature biofilms, thus modulating attributes such as virulence, stress response and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia V Poimenidou
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene. Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Nelly Caccia
- University Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut National de Recherche pour L'Agriculture, L'alimentation et L'environnement (INRAE), UMR Microbiologie, Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDiS), Site de Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Spiros Paramithiotis
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene. Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece; Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Food Process Engineering. Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Michel Hébraud
- University Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut National de Recherche pour L'Agriculture, L'alimentation et L'environnement (INRAE), UMR Microbiologie, Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDiS), Site de Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - George-John Nychas
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology. Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis N Skandamis
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene. Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
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3
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Govari M, Tryfinopoulou P, Panagou EZ, Nychas GJE. Application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, Multispectral Imaging (MSI) and Electronic Nose (E-Nose) for the Rapid Evaluation of the Microbiological Quality of Gilthead Sea Bream Fillets. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152356. [PMID: 35954122 PMCID: PMC9367857 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, multispectral imaging (MSI), and electronic nose (E-nose) was explored in order to determine the microbiological quality of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fillets. Fish fillets were maintained at four temperatures (0, 4, 8, and 12 °C) under aerobic conditions and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) (33% CO2, 19% O2, 48% N2) for up to 330 and 773 h, respectively, for the determination of the population of total viable counts (TVC). In parallel, spectral data were acquired by means of FT-IR and MSI techniques, whereas the volatile profile of the samples was monitored using an E-nose. Thereafter, the collected data were correlated to microbiological counts to estimate the TVC during fish fillet storage. The obtained results demonstrated that the partial least squares regression (PLS-R) models developed on FT-IR data provided satisfactory performance in the estimation of TVC for both aerobic and MAP conditions, with coefficients of determination (R2) for calibration of 0.98 and 0.94, and root mean squared error of calibration (RMSEC) values of 0.43 and 0.87 log CFU/g, respectively. However, the performance of the PLS-R models developed on MSI data was less accurate with R2 values of 0.79 and 0.77, and RMSEC values of 0.78 and 0.72 for aerobic and MAP storage, respectively. Finally, the least satisfactory performance was observed for the E-nose with the lowest R2 (0.34 and 0.17) and the highest RMSEC (1.77 and 1.43 log CFU/g) values for aerobic and MAP conditions, respectively. The results of this work confirm the effectiveness of FT-IR spectroscopy for the rapid evaluation of the microbiological quality of gilthead sea bream fillets.
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4
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Kim SH, Jyung S, Kang DH. Comparative study of Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms and their resistance depending on cellulose secretion and maturation temperatures. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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5
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Kİlİc T. Biofilm-Forming Ability and Effect of Sanitation Agents on Biofilm-Control of Thermophile Geobacillus sp. D413 and Geobacillus toebii E134. Pol J Microbiol 2021; 69:411-419. [PMID: 33574869 PMCID: PMC7812365 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Geobacillus sp. D413 and Geobacillus toebii E134 are aerobic, non-pathogenic, endospore-forming, obligately thermophilic bacilli. Gram-positive thermophilic bacilli can produce heat-resistant spores. The bacteria are indicator organisms for assessing the manufacturing process’s hygiene and are capable of forming biofilms on surfaces used in industrial sectors. The present study aimed to determine the biofilm-forming properties of Geobacillus isolates and how to eliminate this formation with sanitation agents. According to the results, extracellular DNA (eDNA) was interestingly not affected by the DNase I, RNase A, and proteinase K. However, the genomic DNA (gDNA) was degraded by only DNase I. It seemed that the eDNA had resistance to DNase I when purified. It is considered that the enzymes could not reach the target eDNA. Moreover, the eDNA resistance may result from the conserved folded structure of eDNA after purification. Another assumption is that the eDNA might be protected by other extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and/or extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) structures. On the contrary, DNase I reduced unpurified eDNA (mature biofilms). Biofilm formation on surfaces used in industrial areas was investigated in this work: the D413 and E134 isolates adhered to all surfaces. Various sanitation agents could control biofilms of Geobacillus isolates. The best results were provided by nisin for D413 (80%) and α-amylase for E134 (98%). This paper suggests that sanitation agents could be a solution to control biofilm structures of thermophilic bacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Kİlİc
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Vocational School of Health Services, Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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6
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Harrell JE, Hahn MM, D'Souza SJ, Vasicek EM, Sandala JL, Gunn JS, McLachlan JB. Salmonella Biofilm Formation, Chronic Infection, and Immunity Within the Intestine and Hepatobiliary Tract. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:624622. [PMID: 33604308 PMCID: PMC7885405 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.624622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the species of Salmonella enterica, there is significant diversity represented among the numerous subspecies and serovars. Collectively, these account for microbes with variable host ranges, from common plant and animal colonizers to extremely pathogenic and human-specific serovars. Despite these differences, many Salmonella species find commonality in the ability to form biofilms and the ability to cause acute, latent, or chronic disease. The exact outcome of infection depends on many factors such as the growth state of Salmonella, the environmental conditions encountered at the time of infection, as well as the infected host and immune response elicited. Here, we review the numerous biofilm lifestyles of Salmonella (on biotic and abiotic surfaces) and how the production of extracellular polymeric substances not only enhances long-term persistence outside the host but also is an essential function in chronic human infections. Furthermore, careful consideration is made for the events during initial infection that allow for gut transcytosis which, in conjunction with host immune functions, often determine the progression of disease. Both typhoidal and non-typhoidal salmonellae can cause chronic and/or secondary infections, thus the adaptive immune responses to both types of bacteria are discussed with particular attention to the differences between Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Typhimurium, and invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella that can result in differential immune responses. Finally, while strides have been made in our understanding of immunity to Salmonella in the lymphoid organs, fewer definitive studies exist for intestinal and hepatobiliary immunity. By examining our current knowledge and what remains to be determined, we provide insight into new directions in the field of Salmonella immunity, particularly as it relates to chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaikin E Harrell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Mark M Hahn
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shaina J D'Souza
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Erin M Vasicek
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jenna L Sandala
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - John S Gunn
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - James B McLachlan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
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7
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Formation and resistance to cleaning of biofilms at air-liquid-wall interface. Influence of bacterial strain and material. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Getnet TG, da Silva GF, S. Duarte I, Kayama ME, Rangel EC, Cruz NC. Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition of Carvacrol Thin Films on Stainless Steel to Reduce the Formation of E. Coli and S. Aureus Biofilms. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3166. [PMID: 32679884 PMCID: PMC7411687 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the deposition of thin films from natural carvacrol extract using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma polymerization, aiming at the inhibition of bacteria adhesion and proliferation. The films deposited on stainless steel samples have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared reflectance-absorbance spectroscopy, profilometry, and contact angle measurements. Films with thicknesses ranging from 1.5 μm to 3.5 μm presented a chemical structure similar to that of carvacrol. While the formation of biofilm was observed on untreated samples, the coating completely inhibited the adhesion of E. coli and reduced the adhesion of S. aureus biofilm in more than 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Gashaw Getnet
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, São Paulo State University, Sorocaba 18087-180, SP, Brazil; (T.G.G.); (E.C.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 79, Ethiopia
| | - Gabriela F. da Silva
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil; (G.F.d.S.); (I.S.D.)
| | - Iolanda S. Duarte
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil; (G.F.d.S.); (I.S.D.)
| | - Milton E. Kayama
- Laboratory of Plasmas and Applications, São Paulo State University, Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil; or
| | - Elidiane C. Rangel
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, São Paulo State University, Sorocaba 18087-180, SP, Brazil; (T.G.G.); (E.C.R.)
| | - Nilson C. Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, São Paulo State University, Sorocaba 18087-180, SP, Brazil; (T.G.G.); (E.C.R.)
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9
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Silva‐Espinoza BA, Palomares‐Navarro JJ, Tapia‐Rodriguez MR, Cruz‐Valenzuela MR, González‐Aguilar GA, Silva‐Campa E, Pedroza‐Montero M, Almeida‐Lopes M, Miranda R, Ayala‐Zavala JF. Combination of ultraviolet light‐C and clove essential oil to inactivate
Salmonella
Typhimurium
biofilms on stainless steel. J Food Saf 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda A. Silva‐Espinoza
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloA.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | - Julian J. Palomares‐Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloA.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | - Melvin R. Tapia‐Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloA.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | - Manuel R. Cruz‐Valenzuela
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloA.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | - Gustavo A. González‐Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloA.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | - Erika Silva‐Campa
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Blvd Luis Encinas & Rosales S‐NUniversidad de Sonora Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | - Martín Pedroza‐Montero
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Blvd Luis Encinas & Rosales S‐NUniversidad de Sonora Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | - Monica Almeida‐Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
| | - Raquel Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
| | - Jesus F. Ayala‐Zavala
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloA.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
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10
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Kilic T, Coleri Cihan A. Biofilm Formation of the Facultative Thermophile Bacillus pumilus D194A and Affects of Sanitation Agents on Its Biofilms. Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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11
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Structure and resistance to mechanical stress and enzymatic cleaning of Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms formed in fresh-cut ready to eat washing tanks. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Effect of chlorine stress on the subsequent growth behavior of individual Salmonella cells. Food Res Int 2019; 123:311-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Karampoula F, Doulgeraki AI, Fotiadis C, Tampakaki A, Nychas GJE. Monitoring Biofilm Formation and Microbial Interactions that May Occur During a Salmonella Contamination Incident across the Network of a Water Bottling Plant. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E236. [PMID: 31382523 PMCID: PMC6723698 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7080236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to monitor the ability of Salmonella to colonize and compete as a member of the mixed species biofilm within key points at a water bottling plant, in case of a contamination incident with this major foodborne pathogen. To achieve this goal, bacterial communities throughout the production line were collected and their identities were investigated by microbial counts and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). These bacterial communities alone or along with constructed Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) fluorescence-based bioreporters were left to form a biofilm on stainless steel for 6 days at 20 °C. ST bioreporters were constructed by introducing plasmids expressing EYFP (enhanced yellow fluorescent protein) fusions of the genes csgB, csrA, sspH2, and fliD into ST 14028S. The bead vortexing-plate counting method was applied for the enumeration of the biofilm population, while the behavior of the bioreporters was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. From a set of 16 samples that were collected from the plant, species of Citrobacter, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Exiguobacterium were identified. The presence of these indigenous bacteria neither inhibited nor enhanced the biofilm formation of ST in mixed bacterial communities (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the csrA-based bioreporter was shown to be induced in multispecies biofilms with Citrobacter. In conclusion, this study enhanced our knowledge of bacterial interactions occurring within a biofilm in a water bottling plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Karampoula
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Agapi I Doulgeraki
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization - DEMETER, Sof. Venizelou 1, Lycovrissi, 14123 Attica, Greece.
| | - Christos Fotiadis
- Department of Crop Science, Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tampakaki
- Department of Crop Science, Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - George-John E Nychas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
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14
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Trmcic A, Chen H, Trząskowska M, Tamber S, Wang S. Biofilm-Forming Capacity of Five Salmonella Strains and Their Fate on Postharvest Mini Cucumbers. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1871-1879. [PMID: 30325222 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is one of the pathogens that is frequently identified as the cause of fresh produce-related outbreaks. Biofilm formation is a factor that can contribute to pathogen survival on produce surface. The goal of our current research was to investigate the survival of five S. enterica strains representing different serotypes (i.e., Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Daytona, Poona, and Newport) on whole mini cucumbers stored at refrigeration (4°C) and room temperature (22°C). We also determined the strains survival on glass slides and in phosphate-buffered saline at 4 and 22°C, as well as the ability to form biofilms on a solid-liquid interphase. A rapid decrease in cell density (>4-log reduction over 8 days) of all five tested strains was observed on glass slides, while a slower die-off (<1-log reduction in 8 days) was observed in PBS. No significant difference in the die-off rate was observed among the five strains at 4 or 22°C. The die-off rate on the surface of mini cucumbers at 4°C was significantly slower ( P < 0.02) for Salmonella Enteritidis LMFS-S-JF-005 compared with the remaining four strains. At 22°C, Salmonella Poona S306 was able to grow by more than 1.5 log units on whole mini cucumbers over a period of 8 days, while the cell density of the other four strains remained at the same level compared with day 0. At this temperature, Salmonella Poona S306 was also able to form significantly stronger biofilms on a solid-liquid interphase ( P < 0.01) and was the only strain that presented a red, dry, and rough morphotype on Congo red agar plates, indicating the formation of both curli fimbriae and cellulose. These results revealed that the fate of Salmonella on mini cucumbers is strain specific, which highlighted the need for tailored mitigation strategies, such as the effective control of temperature and moisture for limiting the survival or growth of high-risk Salmonella strains between harvest and consumption of fresh produce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljosa Trmcic
- 1 Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-2483 [S.W.])
| | - Huihui Chen
- 1 Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-2483 [S.W.])
| | - Monika Trząskowska
- 2 Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sandeep Tamber
- 3 Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, PL 2204E Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Siyun Wang
- 1 Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-2483 [S.W.])
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15
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Zou M, Liu D. A systematic characterization of the distribution, biofilm-forming potential and the resistance of the biofilms to the CIP processes of the bacteria in a milk powder processing factory. Food Res Int 2018; 113:316-326. [PMID: 30195526 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the resistance to conventional cleaning and sanitizing agents, biofilms formed on surfaces of dairy processing equipment pose a hazard to the dairy industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of the microflora attached to various surfaces of the processing lines of a milk powder processing factory based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The production of biofilms by the bacterial strains was evaluated on polystyrene (PS) and stainless-steel (SS) surfaces by crystal violet staining method. Especially, effects of temperatures (e.g., 37 °C and 55 °C) and growth mediums (e.g., nutrient broth, NB; tryptic soy broth, TSB) on the production of biofilms by these strains on PS surfaces were explored. Besides, the tolerance of the biofilms of the strains to CIP processes (1.5% v/v HNO3 solution or 2.0% w/v NaOH solution at 80 °C) were analyzed. Forty-five isolates from eleven interior surfaces of the facilities were identified and the distribution of strains had high species diversity, which indicated that multiple spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms remained in milk powder processing lines after CIP processes. Bacteria showed higher biofilm-forming abilities on SS compared to PS surfaces under the same condition. Moreover, effects of the incubation temperature and growth medium on biofilm formation varied between genera, species, and strains. One strain of each species with biofilm-forming abilities on SS surfaces was selected to check the resistance of their biofilms formed on SS coupons to the CIP processes. Biofilms of all of the nine strains were highly or moderately alkali and acid resistant, posing a threat to the milk powder production. These results suggested that organisms within the biofilm might withstand temperature and pH changes better than planktonic organisms. More research is needed to investigate different species isolated from different facilities of the processing lines and to improve the key controlling points in the CIP processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zou
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
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16
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Furst AL, Smith MJ, Francis MB. New Techniques for the Generation and Analysis of Tailored Microbial Systems on Surfaces. Biochemistry 2018; 57:3017-3026. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariel L. Furst
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Matthew J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Matthew B. Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
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17
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Hygienic design of food processing lines to mitigate the risk of bacterial food contamination with respect to environmental concerns. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Hüwe C, Schmeichel J, Brodkorb F, Dohlen S, Kalbfleisch K, Kreyenschmidt M, Lorenz R, Kreyenschmidt J. Potential of antimicrobial treatment of linear low-density polyethylene with poly((tert-butyl-amino)-methyl-styrene) to reduce biofilm formation in the food industry. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:378-387. [PMID: 29663827 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1453926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial surfaces are one approach to prevent biofilms in the food industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of poly((tert-butyl-amino)-methyl-styrene) (poly(TBAMS)) incorporated into linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) on the formation of mono- and mixed-species biofilms. The biofilm on untreated and treated LLDPE was determined after 48 and 168 h. The comparison of the results indicated that the ability of Listeria monocytogenes to form biofilms was completely suppressed by poly(TBAMS) (Δ168 h 3.2 log10 cfu cm-2) and colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was significantly delayed, but no effect on Pseudomonas fluorescens was observed. The results of dual-species biofilms showed complex interactions between the microorganisms, but comparable effects on the individual bacteria by poly(TBAMS) were identified. Antimicrobial treatment with poly(TBAMS) shows great potential to prevent biofilms on polymeric surfaces. However, a further development of the material is necessary to reduce the colonization of strong biofilm formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Hüwe
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Jennifer Schmeichel
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Florian Brodkorb
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Sophia Dohlen
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Katrin Kalbfleisch
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Martin Kreyenschmidt
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Reinhard Lorenz
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Judith Kreyenschmidt
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
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19
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Blana V, Georgomanou A, Giaouris E. Assessing biofilm formation by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium on abiotic substrata in the presence of quorum sensing signals produced by Hafnia alvei. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Pang X, Yang Y, Yuk H. Biofilm formation and disinfectant resistance ofSalmonellasp. in mono- and dual-species withPseudomonas aeruginosa. J Appl Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X.Y. Pang
- Food Science & Technology Programme; Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - Y.S. Yang
- Food Science & Technology Programme; Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - H.G. Yuk
- Food Science & Technology Programme; Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Korea National University of Transportation; Chungbuk Korea
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21
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Gkana EN, Doulgeraki AI, Chorianopoulos NG, Nychas GJE. Anti-adhesion and Anti-biofilm Potential of Organosilane Nanoparticles against Foodborne Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1295. [PMID: 28744277 PMCID: PMC5504163 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, modification of surfaces by nanoparticulate coatings is a simple process that may have applications in reducing the prevalence of bacterial cells both on medical devices and food processing surfaces. To this direction, biofilm biological cycle of Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica on stainless steel and glass surfaces, with or without nanocoating was monitored. To achieve this, four different commercial nanoparticle compounds (two for each surface) based on organo-functionalized silanes were selected. In total 10 strains of above species (two for each species) were selected to form biofilms on modified or not, stainless steel or glass surfaces, incubated at 37°C for 72 h. Biofilm population was enumerated by bead vortexing-plate counting method at four time intervals (3, 24, 48, and 72 h). Organosilane based products seemed to affect bacterial attachment on the inert surfaces and/or subsequent biofilm formation, but it was highly dependent on the species and material of surfaces involved. Specifically, reduced bacterial adhesion (at 3 h) of Salmonella and E. coli was observed (P < 0.05) in nanocoating glass surfaces in comparison with the control ones. Moreover, fewer Salmonella and Yersinia biofilm cells were enumerated on stainless steel coupons coated with organosilanes, than on non-coated surfaces at 24 h (P < 0.05). This study gives an insight to the efficacy of organosilanes based coatings against biofilm formation of foodborne pathogens, however, further studies are needed to better understand the impact of surface modification and the underlying mechanisms which are involved in this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni N. Gkana
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Foods, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of AthensAthens, Greece
| | - Agapi I. Doulgeraki
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Foods, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of AthensAthens, Greece
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETERAthens, Greece
| | - Nikos G. Chorianopoulos
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETERAthens, Greece
| | - George-John E. Nychas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Foods, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of AthensAthens, Greece
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Coleri Cihan A, Karaca B, Ozel BP, Kilic T. Determination of the biofilm production capacities and characteristics of members belonging to Bacillaceae family. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:118. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2271-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Ieropoulos I, Pasternak G, Greenman J. Urine disinfection and in situ pathogen killing using a Microbial Fuel Cell cascade system. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176475. [PMID: 28463976 PMCID: PMC5413022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are emerging as an effective means of treating different types of waste including urine and wastewater. However, the fate of pathogens in an MFC-based system remains unknown, and in this study we investigated the effect of introducing the enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in an MFC cascade system. The MFCs continuously fed with urine showed high disinfecting potential. As part of two independent trials, during which the bioluminescent S. enteritidis strain was introduced into the MFC cascade, the number of viable counts and the level of bioluminescence were reduced by up to 4.43±0.04 and 4.21±0.01 log-fold, respectively. The killing efficacy observed for the MFCs operating under closed-circuit conditions, were higher by 1.69 and 1.72 log-fold reduction than for the open circuit MFCs, in both independent trials. The results indicated that the bactericidal properties of a well performing anode were dependent on power performance and the oxidation-reduction potential recorded for the MFCs. This is the first time that the fate of pathogenic bacteria has been investigated in continuously operating MFC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Ieropoulos
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Grzegorz Pasternak
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Centre for Integrative Biology CIBIO, University of Trento, Povo, Trentino, Italy
| | - John Greenman
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
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24
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Effect of inoculum size, bacterial species, type of surfaces and contact time to the transfer of foodborne pathogens from inoculated to non-inoculated beef fillets via food processing surfaces. Food Microbiol 2017; 62:51-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Kilic T, Karaca B, Ozel BP, Ozcan B, Cokmus C, Coleri Cihan A. Biofilm characteristics and evaluation of the sanitation procedures of thermophilic Aeribacillus pallidus E334 biofilms. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:352-367. [PMID: 28426246 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1313412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability of Aeribacillus pallidus E334 to produce pellicle and form a biofilm was studied. Optimal biofilm formation occurred at 60 °C, pH 7.5 and 1.5% NaCl. Extra polymeric substances (EPS) were composed of proteins and eDNA (21.4 kb). E334 formed biofilm on many surfaces, but mostly preferred polypropylene and glass. Using CLSM analysis, the network-like structure of the EPS was observed. The A. pallidus biofilm had a novel eDNA content. DNaseI susceptibility (86.8% removal) of eDNA revealed its importance in mature biofilms, but the purified eDNA was resistant to DNaseI, probably due to its extended folding outside the matrix. Among 15 cleaning agents, biofilms could be removed with alkaline protease and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The removal of cells from polypropylene and biomass on glass was achieved with combined SDS/alkaline protease treatment. Strong A. pallidus biofilms could cause risks for industrial processes and abiotic surfaces must be taken into consideration in terms of sanitation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Kilic
- a Faculty of Science, Biology Department , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Basar Karaca
- a Faculty of Science, Biology Department , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Beste Piril Ozel
- a Faculty of Science, Biology Department , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Birgul Ozcan
- b Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Biology Department , Mustafa Kemal University , Hatay , Turkey
| | - Cumhur Cokmus
- c Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department , Konya Food and Agriculture University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Arzu Coleri Cihan
- a Faculty of Science, Biology Department , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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26
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Antimicrobial activity of trisodium phosphate and sodium hypochlorite against Salmonella biofilms on abiotic surfaces with and without soiling with chicken juice. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Kuda T, Nakano A, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Effect of the quantities of food residues on the desiccation resistance of spoilage lactic acid bacteria adhered to a stainless steel surface. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Hydrosol of Thymbra capitata Is a Highly Efficient Biocide against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:5309-19. [PMID: 27342550 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01351-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Salmonella is recognized as one of the most significant enteric foodborne bacterial pathogens. In recent years, the resistance of pathogens to biocides and other environmental stresses, especially when they are embedded in biofilm structures, has led to the search for and development of novel antimicrobial strategies capable of displaying both high efficiency and safety. In this direction, the aims of the present work were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydrosol of the Mediterranean spice Thymbra capitata against both planktonic and biofilm cells of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and to compare its action with that of benzalkonium chloride (BC), a commonly used industrial biocide. In order to achieve this, the disinfectant activity following 6-min treatments was comparatively evaluated for both disinfectants by calculating the concentrations needed to achieve the same log reductions against both types of cells. Their bactericidal effect against biofilm cells was also comparatively determined by in situ and real-time visualization of cell inactivation through the use of time-lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Interestingly, results revealed that hydrosol was almost equally effective against biofilms and planktonic cells, whereas a 200-times-higher concentration of BC was needed to achieve the same effect against biofilm compared to planktonic cells. Similarly, time-lapse CLSM revealed the significant advantage of the hydrosol to easily penetrate within the biofilm structure and quickly kill the cells, despite the three-dimensional (3D) structure of Salmonella biofilm. IMPORTANCE The results of this paper highlight the significant antimicrobial action of a natural compound, hydrosol of Thymbra capitata, against both planktonic and biofilm cells of a common foodborne pathogen. Hydrosol has numerous advantages as a disinfectant of food-contact surfaces. It is an aqueous solution which can easily be rinsed out from surfaces, it does not have the strong smell of the essential oil (EO) and it is a byproduct of the EO distillation procedure without any industrial application until now. Consequently, hydrosol obviously could be of great value to combat biofilms and thus to improve product safety not only for the food industries but probably also for many other industries which experience biofilm-related problems.
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29
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Huang K, Chen J, Nugen SR, Goddard JM. Hybrid Antifouling and Antimicrobial Coatings Prepared by Electroless Co-Deposition of Fluoropolymer and Cationic Silica Nanoparticles on Stainless Steel: Efficacy against Listeria monocytogenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15926-36. [PMID: 27268033 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Controlling formation, establishment, and proliferation of microbial biofilms on surfaces is critical for ensuring public safety. Herein, we report on the synthesis of antimicrobial nanoparticles and their co-deposition along with fluorinated nanoparticles during electroless nickel plating of stainless steel. Plating bath composition is optimized to ensure sufficiently low surface energy to resist fouling and microbial adhesion as well as to exert significant (>99.99% reduction) antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. The resulting coatings present hybrid antifouling and antimicrobial character, can be applied onto stainless steel, and do not rely on leaching or migration of the antimicrobial nanoparticles to be effective. Such coatings can support reducing public health issues related to microbial cross-contamination in areas such as food processing, hospitals, and water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Huang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Juhong Chen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Sam R Nugen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Julie M Goddard
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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30
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Yang Y, Mikš-Krajnik M, Zheng Q, Lee SB, Lee SC, Yuk HG. Biofilm formation of Salmonella Enteritidis under food-related environmental stress conditions and its subsequent resistance to chlorine treatment. Food Microbiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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31
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Dimakopoulou-Papazoglou D, Lianou A, Koutsoumanis KP. Modelling biofilm formation of Salmonella enterica ser. Newport as a function of pH and water activity. Food Microbiol 2016; 53:76-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Huang K, McLandsborough LA, Goddard JM. Adhesion and removal kinetics of Bacillus cereus biofilms on Ni-PTFE modified stainless steel. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:523-533. [PMID: 27020838 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2016.1160284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm control remains a challenge to food safety. A well-studied non-fouling coating involves codeposition of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) during electroless plating. This coating has been reported to reduce foulant build-up during pasteurization, but opportunities remain in demonstrating its efficacy in inhibiting biofilm formation. Herein, the initial adhesion, biofilm formation, and removal kinetics of Bacillus cereus on Ni-PTFE-modified stainless steel (SS) are characterized. Coatings lowered the surface energy of SS and reduced biofilm formation by > 2 log CFU cm(-2). Characterization of the kinetics of biofilm removal during cleaning demonstrated improved cleanability on the Ni-PTFE coated steel. There was no evidence of biofilm after cleaning by either solution on the Ni-PTFE coated steel, whereas more than 3 log and 1 log CFU cm(-2) of bacteria remained on the native steel after cleaning with water and an alkaline cleaner, respectively. This work demonstrates the potential application of Ni-PTFE non-fouling coatings on SS to improve food safety by reducing biofilm formation and improving the cleaning efficiency of food processing equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Huang
- a Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA , USA
| | | | - Julie M Goddard
- a Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA , USA
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33
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Sonorensin: A new bacteriocin with potential of an anti-biofilm agent and a food biopreservative. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13412. [PMID: 26292786 PMCID: PMC4544038 DOI: 10.1038/srep13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria has led to exploration of alternative therapeutic agents such as ribosomally synthesized bacterial peptides known as bacteriocins. Biofilms, which are microbial communities that cause serious chronic infections, form environments that enhance antimicrobial resistance. Bacteria in biofilm can be upto thousand times more resistant to antibiotics than the same bacteria circulating in a planktonic state. In this study, sonorensin, predicted to belong to the heterocycloanthracin subfamily of bacteriocins, was found to be effectively killing active and non-multiplying cells of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Sonorensin showed marked inhibition activity against biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus. Fluorescence and electron microscopy suggested that growth inhibition occurred because of increased membrane permeability. Low density polyethylene film coated with sonorensin was found to effectively control the growth of food spoilage bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes and S. aureus. The biopreservative effect of sonorensin coated film showing growth inhibition of spoilage bacteria in chicken meat and tomato samples demonstrated the potential of sonorensin as an alternative to current antibiotics/ preservatives.
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34
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Oh JK, Perez K, Kohli N, Kara V, Li J, Min Y, Castillo A, Taylor M, Jayaraman A, Cisneros-Zevallos L, Akbulut M. Hydrophobically-modified silica aerogels: Novel food-contact surfaces with bacterial anti-adhesion properties. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Kuda T, Shibata G, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Effect of quantity of food residues on resistance to desiccation of food-related pathogens adhered to a stainless steel surface. Food Microbiol 2015; 46:234-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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36
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Preacclimation alters Salmonella Enteritidis surface properties and its initial attachment to food contact surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 128:577-585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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37
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Aya Castañeda MDR, Sarnacki SH, Noto Llana M, López Guerra AG, Giacomodonato MN, Cerquetti MC. Dam methylation is required for efficient biofilm production in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 193:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Inhibition of Salmonella enterica biofilm formation using small-molecule adenosine mimetics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 59:76-84. [PMID: 25313216 DOI: 10.1128/aac.03407-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms have been widely implicated in chronic infections and environmental persistence of Salmonella enterica, facilitating enhanced colonization of surfaces and increasing the ability of the bacteria to be transmitted to new hosts. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi biofilm formation on gallstones from humans and mice enhances gallbladder colonization and bacterial shedding, while Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium biofilms facilitate long-term persistence in a number of environments important to food, medical, and farming industries. Salmonella regulates expression of many virulence- and biofilm-related processes using kinase-driven pathways. Kinases play pivotal roles in phosphorylation and energy transfer in cellular processes and possess an ATP-binding pocket required for their functions. Many other cellular proteins also require ATP for their activity. Here we test the hypothesis that pharmacological interference with ATP-requiring enzymes utilizing adenosine mimetic compounds would decrease or inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. Through the screening of a 3,000-member ATP mimetic library, we identified a single compound (compound 7955004) capable of significantly reducing biofilm formation by S. Typhimurium and S. Typhi. The compound was not bactericidal or bacteriostatic toward S. Typhimurium or cytotoxic to mammalian cells. An ATP-Sepharose affinity matrix technique was used to discover potential protein-binding targets of the compound and identified GroEL and DeoD. Compound 7955004 was screened against other known biofilm-forming bacterial species and was found to potently inhibit biofilms of Acinetobacter baumannii as well. The identification of a lead compound with biofilm-inhibiting capabilities toward Salmonella provides a potential new avenue of therapeutic intervention against Salmonella biofilm formation, with applicability to biofilms of other bacterial pathogens.
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Zhao T, Zhao P, Chen D, Jadeja R, Hung YC, Doyle MP. Reductions of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium on beef trim by lactic acid, levulinic acid, and sodium dodecyl sulfate treatments. J Food Prot 2014; 77:528-37. [PMID: 24680063 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Studies were done at 21 °C to determine the bactericidal activity of lactic acid, levulinic acid, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) applied individually and in combination on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in pure culture and to compare the efficacy of lactic acid and levulinic acid plus SDS treatments applied by spray or immersion to inactivate STEC and Salmonella (10(7) CFU/cm2) on beef trim pieces (10 by 10 by 7.5 cm). Application of 3% lactic acid for 2 min to pure cultures was shown to reduce E. coli O26:H11, O45:H2, O111:H8, O103:H2, O121:H2, O145:NM, and O157:H7 populations by 2.1, 0.4, 0.3, 1.4, 0.3, 2.1, and 1.7 log CFU/ml, respectively. Treatment with 0.5% levulinic acid plus 0.05% SDS for <1 min reduced the populations of all STEC strains to undetectable levels (>6 log/ml reduction). Beef surface temperature was found to affect the bactericidal activity of treatment with 3 % levulinic acid plus 2% SDS (LV-SDS). Treating cold (4 °C) beef trim with LV-SDS at 21, 62, or 81 °C for 30 s reduced E. coli O157:H7 by 1.0, 1.1, or 1.4 log CFU/cm2, respectively, whereas treating beef trim at 8 °C with LV-SDS at 12 °C for 0.1, 1, 3, or 5 min reduced E. coli O157:H7 by 1.4, 2.4, 2.5, or 3.3 log CFU/cm(2), respectively. Spray treatment of beef trim at 4 °C with 5 % lactic acid only reduced the E. coli O157:H7 population by 1.3 log CFU/cm2. Treating beef trim at 8 °C with LV-SDS for 1, 2, or 3 min reduced Salmonella Typhimurium by 2.1, 2.6, and >5.0 log CFU/cm2, respectively. Hand massaging the treated beef trim substantially reduced contamination of both pathogens, with no detectable E. coli O157:H7 or Salmonella Typhimurium (<5 CFU/cm2) on beef trim pieces treated with LV-SDS. Reduction of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium populations was enhanced, but bactericidal activity was affected by the meat temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Center for Food Safety, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, USA
| | - Ping Zhao
- Center for Food Safety, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, USA
| | - Dong Chen
- Center for Food Safety, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, USA
| | - Ravirajsinh Jadeja
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, USA
| | - Yen-Con Hung
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, USA
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Center for Food Safety, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, USA.
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Giaouris E, Chorianopoulos N, Nychas GJ. Impact of acid adaptation on attachment of Listeria monocytogenes to stainless steel during long-term incubation under low or moderate temperature conditions and on subsequent recalcitrance of attached cells to lethal acid treatments. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 171:1-7. [PMID: 24296256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the possible impact of acid adaptation of Listeria monocytogenes cells on their attachment to stainless steel (SS) during long-term incubation under either low or moderate temperature conditions and on the subsequent recalcitrance of attached cells to lethal acid treatments. Initially, nonadapted or acid-adapted stationary phase L. monocytogenes cells were used to inoculate (ca. 10⁸ CFU/ml) brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth in test tubes containing vertically placed SS coupons. Incubation was carried out at either 5 or 30 °C for up to 15 days, under static conditions. On the 5th, 10th and 15th days of incubation, attached cells were subjected to lethal acid treatments by exposing them, for either 6 or 60 min, to pH 2, adjusted with either hydrochloric or lactic acid. Following the acid treatments, remaining viable cells were detached (through strong vortexing with glass beads) and enumerated by agar plating, and also indirectly quantified by conductance measurements via their metabolic activity. Results obtained from both quantification techniques, employed here in parallel, revealed that although the numbers of attached cells for nonadapted and acid-adapted ones were similar, the latter were found to present significantly (p<0.05) increased recalcitrance to all the acid treatments for both incubation temperatures and all sampling days. In addition and regardless of acid adaptation, when long (60 min) acid treatments were applied, conductance measurements revealed that the weak organic lactic acid exhibited significantly (p<0.05) stronger antilisterial activity compared to the strong inorganic hydrochloric acid (at the same pH value of 2). To conclude, present results show that acid adaptation of L. monocytogenes cells during their planktonic growth is conserved even after 15 days of incubation under both low and moderate temperature conditions, and results in the increased recalcitrance of their sessile population to otherwise lethal acid treatments. This "stress hardening" should be severely taken into account when acidic decontamination interventions are used to kill attached to equipment surfaces cells of this important pathogenic bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Giaouris
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Mitropoliti Ioakeim 2, Myrina 81400, Lemnos Island, Greece.
| | - Nikos Chorianopoulos
- Veterinary Research Institute of Athens, Greek Agricultural Organization "Demeter", Neapoleos 25, Aghia Paraskeui 15310, Greece
| | - George-John Nychas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Foods, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA) Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
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Giaouris E, Heir E, Hébraud M, Chorianopoulos N, Langsrud S, Møretrø T, Habimana O, Desvaux M, Renier S, Nychas GJ. Attachment and biofilm formation by foodborne bacteria in meat processing environments: causes, implications, role of bacterial interactions and control by alternative novel methods. Meat Sci 2013; 97:298-309. [PMID: 23747091 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Attachment of potential spoilage and pathogenic bacteria to food contact surfaces and the subsequent biofilm formation represent serious challenges to the meat industry, since these may lead to cross-contamination of the products, resulting in lowered-shelf life and transmission of diseases. In meat processing environments, microorganisms are sometimes associated to surfaces in complex multispecies communities, while bacterial interactions have been shown to play a key role in cell attachment and detachment from biofilms, as well as in the resistance of biofilm community members against antimicrobial treatments. Disinfection of food contact surfaces in such environments is a challenging task, aggravated by the great antimicrobial resistance of biofilm associated bacteria. In recent years, several alternative novel methods, such as essential oils and bacteriophages, have been successfully tested as an alternative means for the disinfection of microbial-contaminated food contact surfaces. In this review, all these aspects of biofilm formation in meat processing environments are discussed from a microbial meat-quality and safety perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Giaouris
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, Lemnos 81400, Greece.
| | - Even Heir
- Nofima Mat AS, Osloveien 1, N-1430 Ås, Norway
| | - Michel Hébraud
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, site de Theix, UR454 Microbiologie, F-63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Nikos Chorianopoulos
- Veterinary Research Institute of Athens, Greek Agricultural Organization "Demeter", Aghia Paraskeui15310, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Mickaël Desvaux
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, site de Theix, UR454 Microbiologie, F-63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Sandra Renier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, site de Theix, UR454 Microbiologie, F-63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - George-John Nychas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
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Giaouris E, Samoilis G, Chorianopoulos N, Ercolini D, Nychas GJ. Differential protein expression patterns between planktonic and biofilm cells of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis PT4 on stainless steel surface. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 162:105-13. [PMID: 23376784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the proteome of a strain of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis PT4, grown either as biofilm on stainless steel surface or as free-floating (planktonic) in Brain Heart (BH) broth, was investigated in order to detect the strong differences in whole-cell protein expression patterns between the two growth styles. The proteins extracted from both types of cells were subjected to 2-D PAGE, followed by in-gel tryptic digestion, extraction, subsequent MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) analysis and finally database searches for protein identification. Using this approach, 30 proteins were identified as differentially expressed between the two growth modes on an "on-off" basis, that is, proteins that were detected in one case but not in the other. In particular, 20 and 10 proteins were identified in biofilm and planktonic-grown cells, respectively. The group of proteins whose expression was visible only during biofilm growth included proteins involved in global regulation and stress response (ArcA, BtuE, Dps, OsmY, SspA, TrxA, YbbN and YhbO), nutrient transport (Crr, DppA, Fur and SufC), degradation and energy metabolism (GcvT, GpmA, RibB), detoxification (SseA and YibF), DNA metabolism (SSB), curli production (CsgF), and murein synthesis (MipA). To summarize, this study demonstrates that biofilm growth of S. Enteritidis causes distinct changes in protein expression and offers valuable new data regarding some of the proteins presumably involved in this process. The putative role of these proteins in the maintenance of a biofilm community in Salmonella and other bacteria is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Giaouris
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Mitropoliti Ioakeim 2, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece.
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O'Leary D, Cabe EMM, McCusker MP, Martins M, Fanning S, Duffy G. Microbiological study of biofilm formation in isolates of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium DT104 and DT104b cultured from the modern pork chain. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 161:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Choi NY, Baek SY, Yoon JH, Choi MR, Kang DH, Lee SY. Efficacy of aerosolized hydrogen peroxide-based sanitizer on the reduction of pathogenic bacteria on a stainless steel surface. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Valeriano C, de Oliveira TLC, de Carvalho SM, Cardoso MDG, Alves E, Piccoli RH. The sanitizing action of essential oil-based solutions against Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis S64 biofilm formation on AISI 304 stainless steel. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Simpson Beauchamp C, Dourou D, Geornaras I, Yoon Y, Scanga JA, Belk KE, Smith GC, Nychas GJE, Sofos JN. Transfer, Attachment, and Formation of Biofilms by Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Meat-Contact Surface Materials. J Food Sci 2012; 77:M343-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02695.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kostaki M, Chorianopoulos N, Braxou E, Nychas GJ, Giaouris E. Differential biofilm formation and chemical disinfection resistance of sessile cells of Listeria monocytogenes strains under monospecies and dual-species (with Salmonella enterica) conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:2586-95. [PMID: 22307304 PMCID: PMC3318796 DOI: 10.1128/aem.07099-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possible influence of bacterial intra- and interspecies interactions on the ability of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica to develop mixed-culture biofilms on an abiotic substratum, as well as on the subsequent resistance of sessile cells to chemical disinfection. Initially, three strains from each species were selected and left to attach and form biofilms on stainless steel (SS) coupons incubated at 15°C for 144 h, in periodically renewable tryptone soy broth (TSB), under either monoculture or mixed-culture (mono-/dual-species) conditions. Following biofilm formation, mixed-culture sessile communities were subjected to 6-min disinfection treatments with (i) benzalkonium chloride (50 ppm), (ii) sodium hypochlorite (10 ppm), (iii) peracetic acid (10 ppm), and (iv) a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (5 ppm) and peracetic acid (5 ppm). Results revealed that both species reached similar biofilm counts (ca. 10(5) CFU cm(-2)) and that, in general, interspecies interactions did not have any significant effect either on the biofilm-forming ability (as this was assessed by agar plating enumeration of the mechanically detached biofilm bacteria) or on the antimicrobial resistance of each individual species. Interestingly, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis clearly showed that the three L. monocytogenes strains did not contribute at the same level either to the formation of mixed-culture sessile communities (mono-/dual species) or to their antimicrobial recalcitrance. Additionally, the simultaneous existence inside the biofilm structure of S. enterica cells seemed to influence the occurrence and resistance pattern of L. monocytogenes strains. In sum, this study highlights the impact of microbial interactions taking place inside a mixed-culture sessile community on both its population dynamics and disinfection resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kostaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Chorianopoulos
- Veterinary Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Foundation, Aghia Paraskeui, Athens, Greece
| | - Elli Braxou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George-John Nychas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Giaouris
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
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Steenackers H, Hermans K, Vanderleyden J, De Keersmaecker SC. Salmonella biofilms: An overview on occurrence, structure, regulation and eradication. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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50
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