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Pinto L, Cervellieri S, Netti T, Lippolis V, Baruzzi F. Antibacterial Activity of Oregano ( Origanum vulgare L.) Essential Oil Vapors against Microbial Contaminants of Food-Contact Surfaces. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:371. [PMID: 38667047 PMCID: PMC11047463 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial effect of eight essential oils' vapors against pathogens and spoilage bacteria was assayed. Oreganum vulgare L. essential oil (OVO) showed a broad antibacterial effect, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging from 94 to 754 µg cm-3 air, depending on the bacterial species. Then, gaseous OVO was used for the treatment of stainless steel, polypropylene, and glass surfaces contaminated with four bacterial pathogens at 6-7 log cfu coupon-1. No viable cells were found after OVO treatment on all food-contact surfaces contaminated with all pathogens, with the exception of Sta. aureus DSM 799 on the glass surface. The antimicrobial activity of OVO after the addition of beef extract as a soiling agent reduced the Sta. aureus DSM 799 viable cell count by more than 5 log cfu coupon-1 on polypropylene and glass, while no viable cells were found in the case of stainless steel. HS-GC-MS analysis of the headspace of the boxes used for the antibacterial assay revealed 14 different volatile compounds with α-Pinene (62-63%), and p-Cymene (21%) as the main terpenes. In conclusion, gaseous OVO could be used for the microbial decontamination of food-contact surfaces, although its efficacy needs to be evaluated since it depends on several parameters such as target microorganisms, food-contact material, temperature, time of contact, and relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Federico Baruzzi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (L.P.); (S.C.); (T.N.); (V.L.)
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2
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Lee T, Yeom W, Kim H, Beuchat LR, Ryu JH. Influence of diluent on antimicrobial activity of cinnamon bark essential oil vapor against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica on a laboratory medium and beef jerky. Food Microbiol 2023; 115:104335. [PMID: 37567638 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The influence of chemical diluents on the antimicrobial activity of plant essential oil (EO) vapors was evaluated. We first determined if vapors generated from 22 chemical diluents not containing EO had antimicrobial activities. Ethyl ether vapor retarded the growth of S. aureus. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimal lethal concentrations (MLCs) of cinnamon bark EO vapor, which was diluted in and generated from 21 diluents, against S. aureus and S. enterica were determined. Cinnamon bark EO vapor showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower MICs against S. aureus when diluted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol, ethyl acetate, or jojoba oil, and against S. enterica when diluted in DMSO, ethanol, or jojoba oil, compared to those in other diluents. We compared antimicrobial activities of cinnamon bark EO vapor diluted in DMSO, ethanol, ethyl acetate, or jojoba oil against S. aureus and S. enterica on beef jerky as a food model. Antimicrobial activity was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher when vaporized from DMSO. These results indicate that antimicrobial activity of cinnamon bark EO vapor may vary significantly (P ≤ 0.05) depending on the type of diluent from which it is vaporized. These observations provide basic information when developing food and food-contact surface decontamination strategies using EO vapors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehyung Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woorim Yeom
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoikyung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Larry R Beuchat
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA, 30223-1797, USA
| | - Jee-Hoon Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Pizzo JS, Pelvine RA, da Silva ALBR, Mikcha JMG, Visentainer JV, Rodrigues C. Use of Essential Oil Emulsions to Control Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the Postharvest Washing of Lettuce. Foods 2023; 12:2571. [PMID: 37444307 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have strong antibacterial properties and can be potential sanitizers to reduce pathogen load and prevent cross-contamination during postharvest washing. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of emulsions containing oregano (OR; Origanum vulgare) and winter savory (WS; Satureja montana) EOs at different concentrations (0.94 and 1.88 µL/mL) and storage times (0 h, 24 h, and 7 days), in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on the surface of three types of lettuce (romaine, crisphead, and butterhead). The EO emulsions were compared with one no-rinse treatment and three rinse treatments using water, 200 ppm chlorine, and 80 ppm peroxyacetic acid (PAA), respectively, in a simulated washing system. The results showed that while the EO emulsions significantly reduced E. coli O157:H7 on crisphead lettuce over time, not all treatments were effective for romaine and butterhead lettuce. The mixture of OR and WS at concentrations of 0.94 and 1.88 µL/mL was found to be the most effective in reducing E. coli O157:H7 on inoculated lettuce, resulting in reductions of 3.52 and 3.41 log CFU/g, respectively. Furthermore, the PAA and the mixture of OR and WS at 1.88 µL/mL effectively limited bacterial cross-contamination close to the detection limit for all lettuce types during all storage times. These results suggest that OR and WS EOs could serve as potential alternatives to chemical sanitizers for postharvest lettuce washing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jane Martha Graton Mikcha
- Center for Agricultural Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Food Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Rodrigues
- Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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4
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Scandorieiro S, Teixeira FMMB, Nogueira MCL, Panagio LA, de Oliveira AG, Durán N, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT. Antibiofilm Effect of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Combined with Oregano Derivatives against Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040756. [PMID: 37107119 PMCID: PMC10135348 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistant bacteria may kill more people than COVID-19, so the development of new antibacterials is essential, especially against microbial biofilms that are reservoirs of resistant cells. Silver nanoparticles (bioAgNP), biogenically synthesized using Fusarium oxysporum, combined with oregano derivatives, present a strategic antibacterial mechanism and prevent the emergence of resistance against planktonic microorganisms. Antibiofilm activity of four binary combinations was tested against enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC): oregano essential oil (OEO) plus bioAgNP, carvacrol (Car) plus bioAgNP, thymol (Thy) plus bioAgNP, and Car plus Thy. The antibiofilm effect was accessed using crystal violet, MTT, scanning electron microscopy, and Chromobacterium violaceum anti-quorum-sensing assays. All binary combinations acted against preformed biofilm and prevented its formation; they showed improved antibiofilm activity compared to antimicrobials individually by reducing sessile minimal inhibitory concentration up to 87.5% or further decreasing biofilm metabolic activity and total biomass. Thy plus bioAgNP extensively inhibited the growth of biofilm in polystyrene and glass surfaces, disrupted three-dimensional biofilm structure, and quorum-sensing inhibition may be involved in its antibiofilm activity. For the first time, it is shown that bioAgNP combined with oregano has antibiofilm effect against bacteria for which antimicrobials are urgently needed, such as KPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Scandorieiro
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratory of Innovation and Cosmeceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Hospital Universitário de Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil
| | - Franciele Maira M B Teixeira
- Department of Dermatological, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Mara C L Nogueira
- Department of Dermatological, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Luciano A Panagio
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology and Oral Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Admilton G de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Nelson Durán
- Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Renata K T Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
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Antimicrobial action of Oregano, Thyme, Clove, Cinnamon and Black pepper essential oils free and encapsulated against foodborne pathogens. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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6
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Yammine J, Gharsallaoui A, Fadel A, Mechmechani S, Karam L, Ismail A, Chihib NE. Enhanced antimicrobial, antibiofilm and ecotoxic activities of nanoencapsulated carvacrol and thymol as compared to their free counterparts. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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7
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Emulsifier free fish gelatin based films with excellent antioxidative and antibacterial activity: Preparation, characterization and application in coating preservation of fish fillets. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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8
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Synergistic antimicrobial effects of Dryopteris erythrosora extract and mild heat treatment against Staphylococcus aureus. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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9
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Darlan Leal de Araujo C, Freire da Costa G, Luiz Nunes de Oliveira F, Alves Azeredo de Oliveira G. Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Sausages with Reduced Fat and Sodium Chloride Formulated with Inulin and Oregano Essential Oil. JOURNAL OF CULINARY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2022.2131671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chimenes Darlan Leal de Araujo
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Luiz de Queiroz School of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilmar Freire da Costa
- Graduate Program in Food Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Gurtler JB, Garner CM. A Review of Essential Oils as Antimicrobials in Foods with Special Emphasis on Fresh Produce. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1300-1319. [PMID: 35588157 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Consumer safety concerns over established fresh produce washing methods and the demand for organic and clean-label food has led to the exploration of novel methods of produce sanitization. Essential oils (EOs), which are extracted from plants, have potential as clean-label sanitizers because they are naturally derived and act as antimicrobials and antioxidants. In this review, the antimicrobial effects of EOs are explored individually and in combination, as emulsions, combined with existing chemical and physical preservation methods, incorporated into films and coatings, and in vapor phase. We examined combinations of EOs with one another, with EO components, with surfactants, and with other preservatives or preservation methods to increase sanitizing efficacy. Components of major EOs were identified, and the chemical mechanisms, potential for antibacterial resistance, and effects on organoleptic properties were examined. Studies have revealed that EOs can be equivalent or better sanitizing agents than chlorine; nevertheless, concentrations must be kept low to avoid adverse sensory effects. For this reason, future studies should address the maximum permissible EO concentrations that do not negatively affect organoleptic properties. This review should be beneficial to food scientists or industry personnel interested in the use of EOs for sanitization and preservation of foods, including fresh produce. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B Gurtler
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Residue Chemistry and Predictive Microbiology Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038-8551, USA
| | - Christina M Garner
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Residue Chemistry and Predictive Microbiology Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038-8551, USA
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11
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Untargeted lipidomics reveals the antifungal mechanism of essential oils nanoemulsion against Penicillium digitatum. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Scandorieiro S, Rodrigues BCD, Nishio EK, Panagio LA, de Oliveira AG, Durán N, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT. Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Strategically Combined With Origanum vulgare Derivatives: Antibacterial Mechanism of Action and Effect on Multidrug-Resistant Strains. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:842600. [PMID: 35602016 PMCID: PMC9121793 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.842600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a public health problem worldwide, reducing treatment options against several pathogens. If we do not act against this problem, it is estimated that by 2050 superbugs will kill more people than the current COVID-19 pandemic. Among solutions to combat antibacterial resistance, there is increasing demand for new antimicrobials. The antibacterial activity of binary combinations containing bioAgNP (biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles using Fusarium oxysporum), oregano essential oil (OEO), carvacrol (Car), and thymol (Thy) was evaluated: OEO plus bioAgNP, Car plus bioAgNP, Thy plus bioAgNP, and Car plus Thy. This study shows that the mechanism of action of Thy, bioAgNP, and Thy plus bioAgNP involves damaging the membrane and cell wall (surface blebbing and disruption seen with an electron microscope), causing cytoplasmic molecule leakage (ATP, DNA, RNA, and total proteins) and oxidative stress by enhancing intracellular reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation; a similar mechanism happens for OEO and Car, except for oxidative stress. The combination containing bioAgNP and oregano derivatives, especially thymol, shows strategic antibacterial mechanism; thymol disturbs the selective permeability of the cell membrane and consequently facilitates access of the nanoparticles to bacterial cytoplasm. BioAgNP-treated Escherichia coli developed resistance to nanosilver after 12 days of daily exposition. The combination of Thy and bioAgNP prevented the emergence of resistance to both antimicrobials; therefore, mixture of antimicrobials is a strategy to extend their life. For antimicrobials alone, minimal bactericidal concentration ranges were 0.3-2.38 mg/ml (OEO), 0.31-1.22 mg/ml (Car), 0.25-1 mg/ml (Thy), and 15.75-31.5 μg/ml (bioAgNP). The time-kill assays showed that the oregano derivatives acted very fast (at least 10 s), while the bioAgNP took at least 30 min to kill Gram-negative bacteria and 7 h to kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). All the combinations resulted in additive antibacterial effect, reducing significantly minimal inhibitory concentration and acting faster than the bioAgNP alone; they also showed no cytotoxicity. This study describes for the first time the effect of Car and Thy combined with bioAgNP (produced with F. oxysporum components) against bacteria for which efficient antimicrobials are urgently needed, such as carbapenem-resistant strains (E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Scandorieiro
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Bianca C. D. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Erick K. Nishio
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Luciano A. Panagio
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology and Oral Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Admilton G. de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology – Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Nelson Durán
- Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata K. T. Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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13
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Liang S, Hu X, Wang R, Fang M, Yu Y, Xiao X. The combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde reduces the survival and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes on autoclaved chicken breast. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:3937-3950. [PMID: 35178822 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To reveal the antibacterial mechanism of the combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde to Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115 on autoclaved chicken breast. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115 on autoclaved chicken breast was exposed to the stress of 125 μg/mL thymol and 125 μg/mL cinnamaldehyde, and transcriptome analysis was used to reveal the crucial antibacterial mechanism. According to the results, 1303 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Treated by thymol and cinnamaldehyde in combination, pyrimidine and branched-chain amino acids biosynthesis of L. monocytogenes were thwarted which impairs its nucleic acid biosynthesis and intracellular metabolism. The up-regulated DEGs involved in membrane composition and function contributed to membrane repair. Besides, pyruvate catabolism and TCA cycle were restrained which brought about the disturbance of amino acid metabolism. ABC transporters were also perturbed, for instance, the uptake of cysteine, D-methionine and betaine was activated, while the uptake of vitamin, iron and carnitine was repressed. Thus, L. monocytogenes tended to activate PTS, glycolysis, glycerol catabolism, and pentose phosphate pathways to obtain energy to adapt to the hostile condition. Noticeably, DEGs involved in virulence factors were totally down-regulated, including genes devoted to encoding flagella, chemotaxis, biofilm formation, internalin as well as virulence gene clusters. CONCLUSIONS The combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde is effective to reduce the survival and potential virulence of L. monocytogenes on autoclaved chicken breast. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY This work contributes to providing theoretical information for the application and optimization of thymol and cinnamaldehyde in ready-to-eat meat products to inhibit L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Liang
- Research Center of Food Safety and Detection, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City, 510640, China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Research Center of Food Safety and Detection, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City, 510640, China
| | - Ruifei Wang
- Research Center of Food Safety and Detection, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City, 510640, China
| | - Meimei Fang
- Research Center of Food Safety and Detection, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City, 510640, China
| | - Yigang Yu
- Research Center of Food Safety and Detection, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City, 510640, China
| | - Xinglong Xiao
- Research Center of Food Safety and Detection, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City, 510640, China
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14
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Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus on a laboratory medium and black peppercorns by individual and combinations of essential oil vapors. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Chung MY, Kim H, Beuchat LR, Ryu JH. Antimicrobial activities of plant essential oil vapours against Acidovorax citrulli and Xanthomonas campestris on Cucurbitaceae, Brassicaceae and Solanaceae seeds. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:2189-2202. [PMID: 34724307 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was done to develop a seed decontamination treatment for organic seeds against plant pathogens (Acidovorax citrulli and Xanthomonas campestris) using essential oil (EO) vapours without affecting the seeds' germination rate. METHODS AND RESULTS By using a diffusion assay and determining minimum inhibitory and lethal concentrations, we screened two EO vapours which were most inhibitory to A. citrulli (cinnamon bark and garlic EO vapours) and X. campestris (onion and garlic EO vapours). After 48 h of exposure to EO vapours at 25°C and 43% or 85% relative humidity (RH), no significant decrease (p > 0.05) in germination rates was observed compared with those of control seeds. It was observed that EO vapour treatment at 25°C and 43% or 85% RH for 48 h caused significant population reductions (p ≤ 0.05) (ca. 0.3-2.6 log colony forming unit/g) compared to those of untreated seeds. CONCLUSION Applications of EO vapours showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) antimicrobial effects against A. citrulli and X. campestris on both laboratory mediums and plant seeds without decreasing the germination rate of seeds. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides useful information for the development of natural seed sterilization treatments using EO vapours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoikyung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Larry R Beuchat
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia, USA
| | - Jee-Hoon Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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16
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Kokkoni EA, Andritsos N, Sakarikou C, Michailidou S, Argiriou A, Giaouris E. Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in Listeria monocytogenes Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102382. [PMID: 34681431 PMCID: PMC8535302 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential transcriptomic induction of resistance and/or virulence in two L. monocytogenes strains belonging to the most frequent listeriosis-associated serovars (i.e., 1/2a and 4b), following their sublethal antimicrobial exposure, was studied through qPCR determination of the relative expression of 10 selected related genes (i.e., groEL, hly, iap, inlA, inlB, lisK, mdrD, mdrL, prfA, and sigB). To induce sublethal stress, three common antimicrobials (i.e., benzalkonium chloride, thymol, and ampicillin) were individually applied for 2 h at 37 °C against stationary phase cells of each strain, each at a sublethal concentration. In general, the expression of most of the studied genes remained either stable or was significantly downregulated following the antimicrobial exposure, with some strain-specific differences to be yet recorded. Thymol provoked downregulation of most of the studied genes, significantly limiting the expression of 6/10 and 4/10 genes in the strains of ser. 1/2a and ser. 4b, respectively, including those coding for the master regulators of stress response and virulence (SigB and PrfA, respectively), in both strains. At the same time, the two genes coding for the invasion internalin proteins (InlA and InlB), with crucial role in the onset of L. monocytogenes pathogenesis, were both importantly upregulated in ser. 4b strain. The results obtained increase our knowledge of the stress physiology of L. monocytogenes under certain sublethal antimicrobial conditions that could be encountered within the food chain and in clinical settings, and may assist in better and more effective mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni-Anna Kokkoni
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.-A.K.); (N.A.); (C.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Nikolaos Andritsos
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.-A.K.); (N.A.); (C.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
- Athens Analysis Laboratories S.A., Microbiology Laboratory, Nafpliou 29, 14452 Metamorfosi, Greece
| | - Christina Sakarikou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.-A.K.); (N.A.); (C.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Sofia Michailidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.-A.K.); (N.A.); (C.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Institute of Applied Biosciences, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.-A.K.); (N.A.); (C.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Institute of Applied Biosciences, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efstathios Giaouris
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.-A.K.); (N.A.); (C.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-22540-83115
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17
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Analysis of the Chemical Profiles and Anti- S. aureus Activities of Essential Oils Extracted from Different Parts of Three Oregano Cultivars. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102328. [PMID: 34681377 PMCID: PMC8534851 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in the food industry is highly regulated owing to the potential harmful effects of antibiotics on human health. Therefore, it is crucial to seek alternatives for ensuring food safety. Essential oils (EOs) extracted from plants of the genus Origanum exhibit a wide range of chemical and antibacterial activities. Species and tissue factors shape the production and accumulation processes of EOs in Origanum plants, thereby affecting their bactericidal activity. In this study, the morphologies and EO yields from the inflorescences, leaves, and stems of three oregano cultivars were evaluated. In addition, the chemical compositions and antibacterial abilities of oregano EOs (OEOs) were assessed. The results showed that OEOs from the different parts of the plant displayed only minor differences in chemical composition, whereas the yield of EOs varied considerably. Additionally, the chemical profiles of OEOs differed significantly among cultivars. The carvacrol content in the OEOs was closely related to its activity against Staphylococcus aureus; the antibacterial properties of the OEOs were further verified using carvacrol. These findings suggested that OEOs possessing high antibacterial activity may have the potential to be developed as bactericides in the food industry.
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18
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Kim J, Kim H, Beuchat LR, Ryu JH. Synergistic antimicrobial activities of plant essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes in organic tomato juice. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Antimicrobial combined action of Mentha pulegium, Ormenis mixta and Mentha piperita essential oils against S. aureus, E. coli and C. tropicalis: Application of mixture design methodology. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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20
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Liu H, Li Z, Zhang X, Liu Y, Hu J, Yang C, Zhao X. The effects of ultrasound on the growth, nutritional quality and microbiological quality of sprouts. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Kostoglou D, Tsaklidou P, Iliadis I, Garoufallidou N, Skarmoutsou G, Koulouris I, Giaouris E. Advanced Killing Potential of Thymol against a Time and Temperature Optimized Attached Listeria monocytogenes Population in Lettuce Broth. Biomolecules 2021; 11:397. [PMID: 33800308 PMCID: PMC7998208 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fresh vegetables and salads are increasingly implicated in outbreaks of foodborne infections, such as those caused by Listeria monocytogenes, a dangerous pathogen that can attach to the surfaces of the equipment creating robust biofilms withstanding the killing action of disinfectants. In this study, the antimicrobial efficiency of a natural plant terpenoid (thymol) was evaluated against a sessile population of a multi-strain L. monocytogenes cocktail developed on stainless steel surfaces incubated in lettuce broth, under optimized time and temperature conditions (54 h at 30.6 °C) as those were determined following response surface modeling, and in comparison, to that of an industrial disinfectant (benzalkonium chloride). Prior to disinfection, the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of each compound were determined against the planktonic cells of each strain. The results revealed the advanced killing potential of thymol, with a concentration of 625 ppm (= 4 × MBC) leading to almost undetectable viable bacteria (more than 4 logs reduction following a 15-min exposure). For the same degree of killing, benzalkonium chloride needed to be used at a concentration of at least 20 times more than its MBC (70 ppm). Discriminative repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) also highlighted the strain variability in both biofilm formation and resistance. In sum, thymol was found to present an effective anti-listeria action under environmental conditions mimicking those encountered in the salad industry and deserves to be further explored to improve the safety of fresh produce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Efstathios Giaouris
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (D.K.); (P.T.); (I.I.); (N.G.); (G.S.); (I.K.)
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22
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Cao Y, Zhou D, Zhang X, Xiao X, Yu Y, Li X. Synergistic effect of citral and carvacrol and their combination with mild heat against Cronobacter sakazakii CICC 21544 in reconstituted infant formula. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Validation of Qualitative Broth Volatilization Checkerboard Method for Testing of Essential Oils: Dual-Column GC–FID/MS Analysis and In Vitro Combinatory Antimicrobial Effect of Origanum vulgare and Thymus vulgaris against Staphylococcus aureus in Liquid and Vapor Phases. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020393. [PMID: 33670756 PMCID: PMC7922886 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Combinatory action of antimicrobial agents such as essential oils (EOs) show to be an effective strategy to overcome the problem with increasing antibiotic resistance of microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial interactions between Origanum vulgare and Thymus vulgaris EOs against various S.aureus strains in both liquid and vapor phases using the broth volatilization checkerboard method. Fractional inhibitory concentrations (FICs) were determined for both liquid and vapor phases, and the composition of EOs was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using dual-column/dual-detector gas chromatograph. Results of oregano and thyme EOs combination showed additive effects against all S. aureus strains in both phases. In several cases, sums of FICs were lower than 0.6, which can be considered a strong additive interaction. The lowest FICs obtained were 0.53 in the liquid phase and 0.59 in the gaseous phase. Chemical analysis showed that both EOs were composed of many compounds, including carvacrol, thymol, γ-terpinene, and p-cymene. This is the first report on oregano and thyme EOs interactions against S. aureus in the vapor phase. It also confirms the accuracy of the broth volatilization checkerboard method for the evaluation of combinatory antimicrobial effects of EOs in the vapor phase.
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24
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Natural Plant-Derived Chemical Compounds as Listeria monocytogenes Inhibitors In Vitro and in Food Model Systems. Pathogens 2020; 10:pathogens10010012. [PMID: 33375619 PMCID: PMC7823385 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen, sporadically present in various food product groups. An illness caused by the pathogen, named listeriosis, has high fatality rates. Even though L. monocytogenes is resistant to many environmental factors, e.g., low temperatures, low pH and high salinity, it is susceptible to various natural plant-derived antimicrobials (NPDA), including thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, trans-cinnamaldehyde, carvone S, linalool, citral, (E)-2-hexenal and many others. This review focuses on identifying NPDAs active against L. monocytogenes and their mechanisms of action against the pathogen, as well as on studies that showed antimicrobial action of the compounds against the pathogen in food model systems. Synergistic action of NDPA with other factors, biofilm inhibition and alternative delivery systems (encapsulation and active films) of the compounds tested against L. monocytogenes are also summarized briefly.
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25
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Kang J, Song KB. Combined washing effect of noni extract and oregano essential oil on the decontamination of
Listeria monocytogenes
on romaine lettuce. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji‐Hoon Kang
- Department of Food Science and Technology Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Korea
| | - Kyung Bin Song
- Department of Food Science and Technology Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Korea
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