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McAteer J, Kalluri DD, Abedon RR, Qin CX, Auerbach SR, Charnaya O, Danziger-Isakov LA, Ebel NH, Feldman AG, Hsu EK, Mohammad S, Perito ER, Thomas AM, Chiang TPY, Garonzik-Wang JM, Segev DL, Werbel WA, Mogul DB. Anti-spike antibody durability after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in adolescent solid organ transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14671. [PMID: 38317335 PMCID: PMC11056938 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent solid organ transplant recipients (aSOTRs) who received three doses of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine experience high seroconversion rates and antibody persistence for up to 3 months. Long-term antibody durability beyond this timeframe following three doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine remains unknown. We describe antibody responses 6 months following the third vaccine dose (D3) of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination among aSOTRs. METHODS Participants in a multi-center, observational cohort who received the third dose of the vaccine were analyzed for antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (Roche Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2-S positive: ≥0.8, maximum: >2500 U/mL). Samples were collected at 1-, 3-, and 6-months post-D3. Participants were surveyed at each timepoint and at 12-months post-D3. RESULTS All 34 participants had positive anti-RBD antibody titers 6 months post-D3. Variations in titers occurred between 3 and 6 months post-D3, with 8/28 (29%) having decreased antibody levels at 6 months compared to 3 months and 2/28 (7%) reporting increased titers at 6 months. The remaining 18/28 (64%) had unchanged antibody titers compared to 3-month post-D3 levels. A total of 4/34 (12%) reported breakthrough infection within 6 months and 3/32 (9%) reported infection after 6-12 months following the third dose of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that antibody durability persists up to 6 months following three doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA in aSOTRs. Demography and transplant characteristics did not differ for those who experienced antibody weaning. Breakthrough infections did occur, reflecting immune-evasive nature of novel variants such as Omicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- John McAteer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Divya D. Kalluri
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rivka R. Abedon
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Caroline X. Qin
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Scott R. Auerbach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Olga Charnaya
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lara A. Danziger-Isakov
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Noelle H. Ebel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Amy G. Feldman
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Evelyn K. Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Saeed Mohammad
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Emily R. Perito
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children’s Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ashley M. Thomas
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Teresa P. Y. Chiang
- Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Garonzik-Wang
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Dorry L. Segev
- Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - William A. Werbel
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Douglas B. Mogul
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Wei D, Chen Y, Yu X, Lai YD, Xu W, Ji P, Yang Z, Chen E, Zhang X, Wang Y. Comparable antigen-specific T cell responses in vaccinees with diverse humoral immune responses after primary and booster BBIBP-CorV vaccination. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:2474-2484. [PMID: 36166417 PMCID: PMC9621266 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2130101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BBIBP-CorV exerts efficient protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, waning vaccine-induced humoral immune responses after two-dose vaccination have significantly undermined durable immuno-protection. In this study, we have demonstrated that although anti-spike (S) antibody responses in BBIBP-CorV vaccinees exhibited three serotypes after 6 months, including de novo sero-negative, sero-positive, and sero-decay features, S-specific interferon-γ release as well as Th1 cytokine production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were comparable, especially in vaccinees without detectable neutralizing antibodies. Notably, regardless of dramatic increases in humoral immunity after booster vaccination, T cell responses targeting S protein from either wild type or Omicron remained stable before and after booster vaccination in all three serotype vaccinees. No severe cases were observed even in the sero-decay group during the Omicron epidemic in Shanghai. Our results thus illustrate that unlike fluctuating humoral responses, viral-specific T cell responses are extremely stable after booster vaccination. Sustained T cell responses might be dedicated to the rapid restoration of antibody responses after booster vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang-Dian Lai
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhitao Yang
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Erzhen Chen
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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