1
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Barden A, Shinde S, Beilin LJ, Phillips M, Adams L, Bollmann S, Mori TA. Adiposity associates with lower plasma resolvin E1 (Rve1): a population study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:725-732. [PMID: 38347128 PMCID: PMC11058310 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadequate inflammation resolution may contribute to persistent low-grade inflammation that accompanies many chronic conditions. Resolution of inflammation is an active process driven by Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPM) that derive from long chain n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. This study examined plasma SPM in relation to sex differences, lifestyle and a broad range cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in 978, 27-year olds from the Australian Raine Study. METHODS Plasma SPM pathway intermediates (18-HEPE, 17-HDHA and 14-HDHA), and SPM (E- and D-series resolvins, PD1, MaR1) and LTB4 were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS). Pearson correlations and multiple regression analyses assessed relationships between SPM and CVD risk factors. Unpaired t-tests or ANOVA assessed the effect of sex, smoking, unhealthy alcohol consumption and obesity on SPM. RESULTS Women had higher 17-HDHA (p = 0.01) and lower RvE1 (p < 0.0001) and RvD1 (p = 0.05) levels compared with men. In univariate analysis, obesity associated with lower RvE1 (p = 0.002), whereas smoking (p < 0.001) and higher alcohol consumption (p < 0.001) associated with increased RvE1. In multiple regression analysis, plasma RvE1 was negatively associated with a range of measures of adiposity including BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, abdominal subcutaneous fat volume, and skinfold thicknesses in both men and women. CONCLUSION This population study suggests that a deficiency in plasma RvE1 may occur in response to increasing adiposity. This observation could be relevant to ongoing inflammation that associates with CVD and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Barden
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Sujata Shinde
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michael Phillips
- Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Leon Adams
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Steffen Bollmann
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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2
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Kapellos TS, Conlon TM, Yildirim AÖ, Lehmann M. The impact of the immune system on lung injury and regeneration in COPD. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2300589. [PMID: 37652569 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00589-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
COPD is a devastating respiratory condition that manifests via persistent inflammation, emphysema development and small airway remodelling. Lung regeneration is defined as the ability of the lung to repair itself after injury by the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cell populations, and becomes impaired in the COPD lung as a consequence of cell intrinsic epithelial stem cell defects and signals from the micro-environment. Although the loss of structural integrity and lung regenerative capacity are critical for disease progression, our understanding of the cellular players and molecular pathways that hamper regeneration in COPD remains limited. Intriguingly, despite being a key driver of COPD pathogenesis, the role of the immune system in regulating lung regenerative mechanisms is understudied. In this review, we summarise recent evidence on the contribution of immune cells to lung injury and regeneration. We focus on four main axes: 1) the mechanisms via which myeloid cells cause alveolar degradation; 2) the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures and the production of autoreactive antibodies; 3) the consequences of inefficient apoptotic cell removal; and 4) the effects of innate and adaptive immune cell signalling on alveolar epithelial proliferation and differentiation. We finally provide insight on how recent technological advances in omics technologies and human ex vivo lung models can delineate immune cell-epithelium cross-talk and expedite precision pro-regenerative approaches toward reprogramming the alveolar immune niche to treat COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore S Kapellos
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas M Conlon
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pneumology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Lung Research, Philipps University of Marburg, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
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3
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Zhao M, Han Y, Yang Q, Yue Q, Zhang S, Zhao C, Sun X, Xu J, Jiang X, Li K, Li B, Zhao L, Su L. Evaluation of the Effects of e-Cigarette Aerosol Extracts and Tobacco Cigarette Smoke Extracts on RAW264.7 Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:29336-29345. [PMID: 37599962 PMCID: PMC10433514 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
With the advancement of society, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have gained popularity among a growing number of individuals. While numerous toxicological studies have suggested that e-cigarettes are a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, there is also a body of literature presenting contrasting findings. This in vitro study aimed to compare the effects of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes (t-cigarettes) on RAW264.7 cells by using four e-cigarette aerosol extracts (ECA) and cigarette smoking extracts (CS) containing different nicotine concentrations. The results revealed that low concentration of nicotine in CS as well as in ECA with grape, watermelon, and cola flavors could promote cell viability. Conversely, high nicotine concentration in CS and ECA with four flavors decreased cell viability. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that CS significantly reduced the phagocytic capability of RAW264.7 cells and increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to ECA. Overall, our findings indicate all four e-cigarettes induced less cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells and might be safer than t-cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Han
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
- Shengshengxiangrong
(Shandong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P. R. China
| | - Song Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Xin Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Shenzhen
RELX Tech. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, P. R. China
| | - Xingtao Jiang
- Shenzhen
RELX Tech. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, P. R. China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Shandong
Zhuoran Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P. R. China
| | - Baojun Li
- Shandong
Zhuoran Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
- Shandong
Chenzhang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Le Su
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School
of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology,
Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
- Shengshengxiangrong
(Shandong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P. R. China
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4
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Kotlyarov S. The Role of Smoking in the Mechanisms of Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108725. [PMID: 37240069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). These diseases share common pathogenesis and significantly influence each other's clinical presentation and prognosis. There is increasing evidence that the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of COPD and ASCVD are complex and multifactorial. Smoking-induced systemic inflammation, impaired endothelial function and oxidative stress may contribute to the development and progression of both diseases. The components present in tobacco smoke can have adverse effects on various cellular functions, including macrophages and endothelial cells. Smoking may also affect the innate immune system, impair apoptosis, and promote oxidative stress in the respiratory and vascular systems. The purpose of this review is to discuss the importance of smoking in the mechanisms underlying the comorbid course of COPD and ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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5
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Giebe S, Brux M, Hofmann A, Lowe F, Breheny D, Morawietz H, Brunssen C. Comparative study of the effects of cigarette smoke versus next-generation tobacco and nicotine product extracts on inflammatory biomarkers of human monocytes. Pflugers Arch 2023:10.1007/s00424-023-02809-9. [PMID: 37081240 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes exhibiting a pro-inflammatory phenotype play a key role in adhesion and development of atherosclerotic plaques. As an alternative to smoking, next-generation tobacco and nicotine products (NGP) are now widely used. However, little is known about their pro-inflammatory effects on monocytes. We investigated cell viability, anti-oxidant and pro-inflammatory gene and protein expression in THP-1 monocytes after exposure to aqueous smoke extracts (AqE) of a heated tobacco product (HTP), an electronic cigarette (e-cig), a conventional cigarette (3R4F) and pure nicotine (nic). Treatment with 3R4F reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, whereas exposure to alternative smoking products showed no difference to control. At the highest non-lethal dose of 3R4F (20%), the following notable mRNA expression changes were observed for 3R4F, HTP, and e-cig respectively, relative to control; HMOX1 (6-fold, < 2-fold, < 2-fold), NQO1 (3.5-fold, < 2-fold, < 2-fold), CCL2 (4-fold, 3.5-fold, 2.5-fold), IL1B (4-fold, 3-fold, < 2-fold), IL8 (5-fold, 2-fold, 2-fold), TNF (2-fold, 2-fold, < 2-fold) and ICAM1 was below the 2-fold threshold for all products. With respect to protein expression, IL1B (3-fold, < 2-fold, < 2-fold) and IL8 (3.5-fold, 2-fold, 2-fold) were elevated over the 2-fold threshold, whereas CCL2, TNF, and ICAM1 were below 2-fold expression for all products. At higher doses, greater inductions were observed with all extracts; however, NGP responses were typically lower than 3R4F. In conclusion, anti-oxidative and pro-inflammatory processes were activated by all products. NGPs overall showed lower responses relative to controls than THP-1 cells exposed to 3R4F AqE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindy Giebe
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Melanie Brux
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Hofmann
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frazer Lowe
- B.A.T. (Investments) Limited, Regents Park Road, Millbrook, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK
| | - Damien Breheny
- B.A.T. (Investments) Limited, Regents Park Road, Millbrook, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany.
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6
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De Nardi AB, de Oliveira Massoco Salles Gomes C, Fonseca-Alves CE, de Paiva FN, Linhares LCM, Carra GJU, dos Santos Horta R, Ruiz Sueiro FA, Jark PC, Nishiya AT, de Carvalho Vasconcellos CH, Ubukata R, Batschinski K, Sobral RA, Fernandes SC, Biondi LR, De Francisco Strefezzi R, Matera JM, Rangel MMM, dos Anjos DS, Brunner CHM, Laufer-Amorim R, Cadrobbi KG, Cirillo JV, Martins MC, de Paula Reis Filho N, Silva Lessa DF, Portela R, Scarpa Carneiro C, Ricci Lucas SR, Fukumasu H, Feliciano MAR, Gomes Quitzan J, Dagli MLZ. Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Hemangiosarcoma: A Review Based on a Consensus Organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology, ABROVET. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072025. [PMID: 37046686 PMCID: PMC10093745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemangiosarcoma is a mesenchymal neoplasm originating in the endothelial cells of blood vessels; they can be classified as non-visceral and visceral types. Non-visceral hemangiosarcomas can affect the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and muscle tissues; visceral hemangiosarcomas can affect the spleen, liver, heart, lungs, kidneys, oral cavity, bones, bladder, uterus, tongue, and retroperitoneum. Among domestic species, dogs are most affected by cutaneous HSA. Cutaneous HSA represents approximately 14% of all HSA diagnosed in this species and less than 5% of dermal tumors, according to North American studies. However, Brazilian epidemiological data demonstrate a higher prevalence, which may represent 27 to 80% of all canine HSAs and 13.9% of all skin neoplasms diagnosed in this species. Cutaneous HSA most commonly affects middle-aged to elderly dogs (between 8 and 15 years old), with no gender predisposition for either the actinic or non-actinic forms. The higher prevalence of cutaneous HSA in some canine breeds is related to lower protection from solar radiation, as low skin pigmentation and hair coverage lead to greater sun exposure. Actinic changes, such as solar dermatosis, are frequent in these patients, confirming the influence of solar radiation on the development of this neoplasm. There are multiple clinical manifestations of hemangiosarcoma in canines. The diagnostic approach and staging classification of cutaneous HSAs are similar between the different subtypes. The definitive diagnosis is obtained through histopathological analysis of incisional or excisional biopsies. Cytology can be used as a presurgical screening test; however, it has little diagnostic utility in cases of HSA because there is a high risk of blood contamination and sample hemodilution. Surgery is generally the treatment of choice for dogs with localized non-visceral HSA without evidence of metastatic disease. Recently, electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as an alternative therapy for the local ablative treatment of different neoplastic types; the use of radiotherapy for the treatment of dogs with cutaneous HSA is uncommon. There is greater consensus in the literature regarding the indications for adjuvant chemotherapy in subcutaneous and muscular HSA; doxorubicin is the most frequently used antineoplastic agent for subcutaneous and muscular subtypes and can be administered alone or in combination with other drugs. Other therapies include antiangiogenic therapy, photodynamic therapy, the association of chemotherapy with the metronomic dose, targeted therapies, and natural products. The benefits of these therapies are presented and discussed. In general, the prognosis of splenic and cardiac HSA is unfavorable. As a challenging neoplasm, studies of new protocols and treatment modalities are necessary to control this aggressive disease.
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7
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Yasmeen N, Selvaraj H, Lakhawat SS, Datta M, Sharma PK, Jain A, Khanna R, Srinivasan J, Kumar V. Possibility of averting cytokine storm in SARS-COV 2 patients using specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115437. [PMID: 36731803 PMCID: PMC9884647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fatal "cytokine storms (CS)" observed in critically ill COVID-19 patients are consequences of dysregulated host immune system and over-exuberant inflammatory response. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-system organ failure, and eventual death are distinctive symptoms, attributed to higher morbidity and mortality rates among these patients. Consequent efforts to save critical COVID-19 patients via the usage of several novel therapeutic options are put in force. Strategically, drugs being used in such patients are dexamethasone, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, etc. along with the approved vaccines. Moreover, it is certain that activation of the resolution process is important for the prevention of chronic diseases. Until recently Inflammation resolution was considered a passive process, rather it's an active biochemical process that can be achieved by the use of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). These endogenous mediators are an array of atypical lipid metabolites that include Resolvins, lipoxins, maresins, protectins, considered as immunoresolvents, but their role in COVID-19 is ambiguous. Recent evidence from studies such as the randomized clinical trial, in which omega 3 fatty acid was used as supplement to resolve inflammation in COVID-19, suggests that direct supplementation of SPMs or the use of synthetic SPM mimetics (which are still being explored) could enhance the process of resolution by regulating the aberrant inflammatory process and can be useful in pain relief and tissue remodeling. Here we discussed the biosynthesis of SPMs, & their mechanistic pathways contributing to inflammation resolution along with sequence of events leading to CS in COVID-19, with a focus on therapeutic potential of SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrath Yasmeen
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harikrishnan Selvaraj
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudarshan S Lakhawat
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manali Datta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pushpender K Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rakhi Khanna
- Rajasthan State Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Vikram Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
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8
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Liu C, Fan D, Lei Q, Lu A, He X. Roles of Resolvins in Chronic Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314883. [PMID: 36499209 PMCID: PMC9738788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An inflammatory response is beneficial to the organism, while an excessive uncontrolled inflammatory response can lead to the nonspecific killing of tissue cells. Therefore, promoting the resolution of inflammation is an important mechanism for protecting an organism suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases. Resolvins are a series of endogenous lipid mediums and have the functions of inhibiting a leukocyte infiltration, increasing macrophagocyte phagocytosis, regulating cytokines, and alleviating inflammatory pain. By promoting the inflammation resolution, resolvins play an irreplaceable role throughout the pathological process of some joint inflammation, neuroinflammation, vascular inflammation, and tissue inflammation. Although a large number of experiments have been conducted to study different subtypes of resolvins in different directions, the differences in the action targets between the different subtypes are rarely compared. Hence, this paper reviews the generation of resolvins, the characteristics of resolvins, and the actions of resolvins under a chronic inflammatory response and clinical translation of resolvins for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dancai Fan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200052, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (X.H.)
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9
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Zúñiga-Hernández J, Sambra V, Echeverría F, Videla LA, Valenzuela R. N-3 PUFAs and their specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators on airway inflammatory response: beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. Food Funct 2022; 13:4260-4272. [PMID: 35355027 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03551g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases include a wide range of pathologies with different clinical manifestations, affecting the normal airways and lung function. An increase in the inflammatory response is considered a characteristic hallmark of these diseases, being also a critical factor for their progression. The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:4n-3, EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3, DHA) and their lipid mediators are known to have an inflammation pro-resolution effect. The effects of these n-3 PUFAs in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases are beginning to be understood. Consequently, this article aims to analyze the influence of n-3 PUFAs and their lipid mediators on the inflammatory response in respiratory health, emphasizing recent data concerning their beneficial effects in the prevention and possible treatment of different respiratory diseases, particularly asthma, airway allergic syndromes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The review includes studies regarding the effects of EPA, DHA, and their specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) on in vivo and in vitro models of respiratory disease, concluding that EPA and DHA have a positive impact in attenuating the pro-inflammatory response in respiratory diseases, reducing symptoms like nasal congestion, fever and difficulty in breathing. Controversial data reported are probably due to differences in several factors, including the dosages, administration vehicles, and the supplementation times employed, which are aspects that remain to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Verónica Sambra
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Francisca Echeverría
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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10
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Yang A, Wu Y, Yu G, Wang H. Role of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in pulmonary inflammation diseases: mechanisms and development. Respir Res 2021; 22:204. [PMID: 34261470 PMCID: PMC8279385 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01792-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential mechanism of various diseases. The development and resolution of inflammation are complex immune-modulation processes which induce the involvement of various types of immune cells. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) have been demonstrated to be signaling molecules in inflammation. SPMs are involved in the pathophysiology of different diseases, especially respiratory diseases, including asthma, pneumonia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. All of these diseases are related to the inflammatory response and its persistence. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and development of inflammation in respiratory disease, and the roles of the SPM family in the resolution process, might be useful in the quest for novel therapies and preventive measures for pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanjun Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ganggang Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Haoyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China.
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11
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Alvarez C, Abdalla H, Sulliman S, Rojas P, Wu YC, Almarhoumi R, Huang RY, Galindo M, Vernal R, Kantarci A. RvE1 Impacts the Gingival Inflammatory Infiltrate by Inhibiting the T Cell Response in Experimental Periodontitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:664756. [PMID: 34012448 PMCID: PMC8126725 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with the formation of dysbiotic plaque biofilms and characterized by the progressive destruction of the alveolar bone. The transition from health to disease is characterized by a shift in periodontal immune cell composition, from mostly innate (neutrophils) to adaptive (T lymphocytes) immune responses. Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is a specialized pro-resolution mediator (SPMs), produced in response to inflammation, to enhance its resolution. Previous studies have indicated the therapeutic potential of RvE1 in periodontal disease; however, the impact of RvE1 in the microbial-elicited osteoclastogenic immune response remains uncharacterized in vivo. In the present study, we studied the impact of RvE1 on the gingival inflammatory infiltrate formation during periodontitis in a mouse model. First, we characterized the temporal-dependent changes of the main immune cells infiltrating the gingiva by flow cytometry. Then, we evaluated the impact of early or delayed RvE1 administration on the gingival immune infiltration and cervical lymph nodes composition. We observed a consistent inhibitory outcome on T cells -particularly effector T cells- and a protective effect on regulatory T cells (Tregs). Our data further demonstrated the wide range of actions of RvE1, its preventive role in the establishment of the adaptive immune response during inflammation, and bone protective capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrique Abdalla
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Salwa Sulliman
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Paola Rojas
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Yu-Chiao Wu
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rawan Almarhoumi
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ren-Yeong Huang
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mario Galindo
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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12
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Sawada Y, Saito-Sasaki N, Nakamura M. Omega 3 Fatty Acid and Skin Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 11:623052. [PMID: 33613558 PMCID: PMC7892455 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.623052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to various external environmental factors. Food intake is one of the most influential factors impacting daily lifestyle. Among nutrients obtained from foods, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have various beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, omega-3 PUFA metabolites, including resolvins, are known to demonstrate strong anti-inflammatory effects during allergic and inflammatory diseases; however, little is known regarding the actual impact of these metabolites on skin diseases. In this review, we focused on metabolites that have strong anti-inflammatory actions in various inflammatory diseases, as well as those that present antitumor actions in malignancies, in addition to the actual effect of omega-3 PUFA metabolites on various cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sawada
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Natsuko Saito-Sasaki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Motonobu Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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13
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Teixeira-Santos L, Albino-Teixeira A, Pinho D. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and their interplay in neuropathic pain: Focus on specialized pro-resolving mediators and NADPH oxidase inhibitors as potential therapeutic strategies. Pharmacol Res 2020; 162:105280. [PMID: 33161139 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition that results from a lesion or disease of the nervous system, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. Current pharmacotherapy options deliver inadequate and/or insufficient responses and thus a significant unmet clinical need remains for alternative treatments in NP. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and their reciprocal relationship are critically involved in NP pathophysiology. In this context, new pharmacological approaches, aiming at enhancing the resolution phase of inflammation and/or restoring redox balance by targeting specific reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources, are emerging as potential therapeutic strategies for NP, with improved efficacy and safety profiles. Several reports have demonstrated that administration of exogenous specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) ameliorates NP pathophysiology. Likewise, deletion or inhibition of the ROS-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX), particularly its isoforms 2 and 4, results in beneficial effects in NP models. Notably, SPMs also modulate oxidative stress and NOX also regulates neuroinflammation. By targeting neuroinflammatory and oxidative pathways, both SPMs analogues and isoform-specific NOX inhibitors are promising therapeutic strategies for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Teixeira-Santos
- Departamento de Biomedicina - Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; MedInUP - Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - António Albino-Teixeira
- Departamento de Biomedicina - Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; MedInUP - Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Dora Pinho
- Departamento de Biomedicina - Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; MedInUP - Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
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14
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Suzumura A, Terao R, Kaneko H. Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100920. [PMID: 32993153 PMCID: PMC7600094 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the development and progression of retinal diseases. Retinal damage by various etiologies can result in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). n-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids and are necessary for homeostasis. They are important retinal membrane components and are involved in energy storage. n-3 fatty acids also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their suppressive effects against ROP, DR, and AMD have been previously evaluated. α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and their metabolites have been shown to alleviate retinal oxidative stress and inflammation involving various biological signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the n-3 fatty acids effects on the mechanisms of these retinal diseases and how they exert their therapeutic effects, focusing on ALA, EPA, DHA, and their metabolites. This knowledge may provide new remedial strategies for n-3 fatty acids in the prevention and treatment of retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Suzumura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan;
| | - Ryo Terao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Hiroki Kaneko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-744-2275
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15
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Tian X, Zheng J, Xu B, Ye J, Yang Z, Yuan F. Optimization of Extraction of Bioactive Peptides from Monkfish ( Lophius litulon) and Characterization of Their Role in H 2O 2-Induced Lesion. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090468. [PMID: 32957435 PMCID: PMC7551588 DOI: 10.3390/md18090468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Marine fish meat has been widely used for the extraction of bioactive peptides. This study was aimed to optimize the preparation of monkfish muscle peptides (LPs) using response surface methodology (RSM) and explore the antioxidant activities of <1 kDa LPs. Methods: Peptides were prepared from the muscles of monkfish (Lophius litulon), and five proteases were tested to hydrolyze muscle proteins. The hydrolysate that was treated using neutrase showed the highest degree of hydrolysis (DH) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities. Results: The optimized conditions were as follows: water/material ratio of 5.4:1, a time span of 5 h, pH of 7.0, enzyme concentration of 2000 U/g, and temperature of 45 °C; the maximum DPPH scavenging activity and DH were 92.861% and 19.302%, respectively. LPs exhibited appreciable antioxidant activities, including DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate (ABTS) radical, and superoxide anion scavenging activities. LPs attenuated H2O2-related oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells, reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) levels. Conclusion: We concluded that LPs could be an ideal source of bioactive peptides from monkfish and also have pharmaceutical potential.
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16
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Briottet M, Shum M, Urbach V. The Role of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators in Cystic Fibrosis Airways Disease. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1290. [PMID: 32982730 PMCID: PMC7493015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a recessive genetic disease due to mutations of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene encoding the CFTR chloride channel. The ion transport abnormalities related to CFTR mutation generate a dehydrated airway surface liquid (ASL) layer, which is responsible for an altered mucociliary clearance, favors infections and persistent inflammation that lead to progressive lung destruction and respiratory failure. The inflammatory response is normally followed by an active resolution phase to return to tissue homeostasis, which involves specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). SPMs promote resolution of inflammation, clearance of microbes, tissue regeneration and reduce pain, but do not evoke unwanted immunosuppression. The airways of CF patients showed a decreased production of SPMs even in the absence of pathogens. SPMs levels in the airway correlated with CF patients' lung function. The prognosis for CF has greatly improved but there remains a critical need for more effective treatments that prevent excessive inflammation, lung damage, and declining pulmonary function for all CF patients. This review aims to highlight the recent understanding of CF airway inflammation and the possible impact of SPMs on functions that are altered in CF airways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valerie Urbach
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Créteil, France
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17
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Wang F, Huang S, Xia H, Yao S. Specialized pro-resolving mediators: It's anti-oxidant stress role in multiple disease models. Mol Immunol 2020; 126:40-45. [PMID: 32750537 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-related injury is a negative state caused by the imbalance between oxidation and antioxidant effects in the internal environment of the body. Oxidative stress has been confirmed to be an important factor in aging and a variety of diseases and the inhibition of inappropriate oxidative stress responses are important for maintaining normal physiological functions. Recently, considerable attention has been focused on specialized pro-resolving mediators(SPMs). SPMs are endogenous mediators derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have multiple protective effects such as anti-inflammation, pro-resolution, and promoting tissue damage repair, etc. Moreover, the role of SPMs on oxidative stress has been extensively researched and provides a possible treatment method. In the current study, we review the positive role of SPMs in oxidative stress-related disease and outline the possible involved mechanism, thus providing the theoretical support for a better understanding of the roles of SPMs in oxidative stress and the theoretical basis for finding targets for the oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuquan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Haifa Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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18
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Chen WT, Chen SY, Wu DW, Lee CC, Lee TM. Effect of icosapent ethyl on susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias in postinfarcted rat hearts: Role of GPR120-mediated connexin43 phosphorylation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9267-9279. [PMID: 32639107 PMCID: PMC7417730 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ω‐3 fatty acids exert as an antioxidant via the G protein‐coupled receptor 120 (GPR120). Icosapent ethyl, a purified eicosapentaenoic acid, showed a marked reduction in sudden cardiac death. Connexin43 is sensitive to redox status. We assessed whether icosapent ethyl attenuates fatal arrhythmias after myocardial infarction, a status of high oxidative stress, through increased connexin43 expression and whether the GPR120 signalling is involved in the protection. Male Wistar rats after ligating coronary artery were assigned to either vehicle or icosapent ethyl for 4 weeks. The postinfarction period was associated with increased oxidative‐nitrosative stress. In concert, myocardial connexin43 levels revealed a significant decrease in vehicle‐treated infarcted rats compared with sham. These changes of oxidative‐nitrosative stress and connexin43 levels were blunted after icosapent ethyl administration. Provocative arrhythmias in the infarcted rats treated with icosapent ethyl were significantly improved than vehicle. Icosapent ethyl significantly increased GPR120 compared to vehicle after infarction. The effects of icosapent ethyl on superoxide and connexin43 were similar to GPR120 agonist GW9508. Besides, the effects of icosapent ethyl on oxidative‐nitrosative stress and connexin43 phosphorylation were abolished by administering AH‐7614, an inhibitor of GPR120. SIN‐1 abolished the Cx43 phosphorylation of icosapent ethyl without affecting GPR120 levels. Taken together, chronic use of icosapent ethyl after infarction is associated with up‐regulation of connexin43 phosphorylation through a GPR120‐dependent antioxidant pathway and thus plays a beneficial effect on arrhythmogenic response to programmed electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Syue-Yi Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Wu
- Tainan First Senior High School, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Leuti A, Fazio D, Fava M, Piccoli A, Oddi S, Maccarrone M. Bioactive lipids, inflammation and chronic diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:133-169. [PMID: 32628989 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous bioactive lipids are part of a complex network that modulates a plethora of cellular and molecular processes involved in health and disease, of which inflammation represents one of the most prominent examples. Inflammation serves as a well-conserved defence mechanism, triggered in the event of chemical, mechanical or microbial damage, that is meant to eradicate the source of damage and restore tissue function. However, excessive inflammatory signals, or impairment of pro-resolving/anti-inflammatory pathways leads to chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of chronic pathologies. All main classes of endogenous bioactive lipids - namely eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, lysoglycerophopsholipids and endocannabinoids - have been consistently involved in the chronic inflammation that characterises pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, asthma, as well as autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases. This review gathers the current knowledge concerning the involvement of endogenous bioactive lipids in the pathogenic processes of chronic inflammatory pathologies.
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20
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Proresolving Lipid Mediators: Endogenous Modulators of Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8107265. [PMID: 31316721 PMCID: PMC6604337 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8107265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are a novel class of endogenous lipids, derived by ω-6 and ω-3 essential polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) that trigger and orchestrate the resolution of inflammation, which is the series of cellular and molecular events that leads to spontaneous regression of inflammatory processes and restoring of tissue homeostasis. These lipids are emerging as highly effective therapeutic agents that exert their immunoregulatory activity by activating the proresolving pathway, as reported by a consistent bulk of evidences gathered in the last two decades since their discovery. The production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species by immune cells plays indeed an important role in the inflammatory mechanisms of host defence, and it is now clear that oxidative stress, viewed as an imbalance between such species and their elimination, can lead to many chronic inflammatory diseases. This review, the first of its kind, is aimed at exploring the manifold effects of SPMs on modulation of reactive species production, along with the mechanisms through which they either inhibit molecular signalling pathways that are activated by oxidative stress or induce the expression of endogenous antioxidant systems. Furthermore, the possible role of SPMs in oxidative stress-mediated chronic disorders is also summarized, suggesting not only that their anti-inflammatory and proresolving properties are strictly associated with their antioxidant role but also that these endogenous lipids might be exploited in the treatment of several pathologies in which uncontrolled production of ROS and RNS or impairment of the antioxidant machinery represents a main pathogenetic mechanism.
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21
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Treatment with maresin 1, a docosahexaenoic acid-derived pro-resolution lipid, protects skin from inflammation and oxidative stress caused by UVB irradiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3062. [PMID: 30816324 PMCID: PMC6395735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute exposure to UVB irradiation causes skin inflammation and oxidative stress, and long-term exposure to UVB irradiation may lead to carcinogenesis. Our organism has endogenous mechanisms to actively limit inflammation. Maresin 1 (MaR1; 7R,14S-dihydroxy-docosa-4Z,8E,10E,12Z,16Z,19Z-hexaenoic acid) is a pro-resolution lipid mediator derived from the docosahexaenoic acid, which presents anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution effects. However, it remains to be determined if treatment with MaR1 can inhibit inflammatory and oxidative alterations in the skin triggered by UVB. The treatment with MaR1 (0.1-10 ng/mice at -10 min relative to the UVB irradiation protocol) reduced UVB-induced skin edema, neutrophil recruitment (MPO; myeloperoxidase activity, and migration of LysM-eGFP+ cells), cytokine production, matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity, keratinocyte apoptosis, epidermal thickening, mast cells counts and degradation of skin collagen in hairless mice. UVB irradiation caused a decrease of GSH (reduced glutathione) levels, activity of the enzyme catalase, ferric reducing ability (FRAP), and ABTS radical scavenging capacity as well as induced lipid hydroperoxide, superoxide anion production, and gp91phox mRNA expression. These parameters that indicate oxidative stress were inhibited by MaR1 treatment. Therefore, these data suggest MaR1 as a promising pharmacological tool in controlling the deleterious effects related to UVB irradiation.
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22
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Krishnamoorthy N, Abdulnour REE, Walker KH, Engstrom BD, Levy BD. Specialized Proresolving Mediators in Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Airway Diseases. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1335-1370. [PMID: 29717929 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00026.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Airborne pathogens and environmental stimuli evoke immune responses in the lung. It is critical to health that these responses be controlled to prevent tissue damage and the compromise of organ function. Resolution of inflammation is a dynamic process that is coordinated by biochemical and cellular mechanisms. Recently, specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) have been identified in resolution exudates. These molecules orchestrate anti-inflammatory and proresolving actions that are cell type specific. In this review, we highlight SPM biosynthesis, the influence of SPMs on the innate and adaptive immune responses in the lung, as well as recent insights from SPMs on inflammatory disease pathophysiology. Uncovering these mediators and cellular mechanisms for resolution is providing new windows into physiology and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Krishnamoorthy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raja-Elie E Abdulnour
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine H Walker
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Braden D Engstrom
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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23
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Jiménez-Cepeda A, Dávila-Said G, Orea-Tejeda A, González-Islas D, Elizondo-Montes M, Pérez-Cortes G, Keirns-Davies C, Castillo-Aguilar LF, Verdeja-Vendrell L, Peláez-Hernández V, Sánchez-Santillán RN. Dietary intake of fatty acids and its relationship with FEV 1/FVC in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 29:92-96. [PMID: 30661707 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The deterioration of pulmonary function has been associated with increased levels of systemic inflammation that can be stimulated by consumption of saturated fatty acids and trans fats. We hypothesized that fatty acids intake impact on pulmonary function. However, evidence about the impact of different types of fatty acids on pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited and heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between intake of fatty acids and pulmonary function in patients with COPD. METHODS Cross sectional study of patients diagnosed with COPD. The relationship between consumption of fatty acids and the FEV1/FVC ratio obtained by spirometry was assessed. Patients with exacerbations during the prior 2 months, diagnosis of asthma or administration of a dietary supplement were excluded. RESULTS A simple linear regression showed that for each gram of carbohydrates and total l fatty acids intake, the FEV1/FVC ratio decreased -0.03 ml (β: -0.03, 95% CI -0.06 to -0.01, p = 0.008) and -0.009 ml (β: -0.00, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.00, p = 0.031) respectively. Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) was associated with an increase of 0.47 ml in the FEV1/FVC ratio for each milligram intake (β: 0.47, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.91, p = 0.031). Subsequently, when adjusted for calories intake, an increase of 0.53 ml was observed in the FEV1/FVC for each milligram of C15:0 fatty acid intake (β:0.53, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.97, p = 0.018). CONCLUSION A positive association was observed between pentadecanoic acid and the FEV1/FVC ratio with a beneficial effect on patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abril Jiménez-Cepeda
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Giselle Dávila-Said
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Arturo Orea-Tejeda
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Dulce González-Islas
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Elizondo-Montes
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Guillermo Pérez-Cortes
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Candace Keirns-Davies
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Luis Felipe Castillo-Aguilar
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Leslie Verdeja-Vendrell
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Viridiana Peláez-Hernández
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rocío Nayelí Sánchez-Santillán
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
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Mochimaru T, Fukunaga K, Miyata J, Matsusaka M, Masaki K, Kabata H, Ueda S, Suzuki Y, Goto T, Urabe D, Inoue M, Isobe Y, Arita M, Betsuyaku T. 12-OH-17,18-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid alleviates eosinophilic airway inflammation in murine lungs. Allergy 2018; 73:369-378. [PMID: 28857178 DOI: 10.1111/all.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and obstruction with eosinophil infiltration into the airway. Arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, is metabolized into cysteinyl leukotriene with pro-inflammatory properties for allergic inflammation, whereas the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its downstream metabolites are known to have anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the counter-regulatory roles of EPA in inflamed lungs. METHODS Male C57BL6 mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin (OVA). After EPA treatment, we evaluated the cell count of Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), mRNA expressions in the lungs by q-PCR, and the amounts of lipid mediators by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based lipidomics. We investigated the effect of the metabolite of EPA by in vivo and in vitro studies. RESULTS Eicosapentaenoic acid treatment reduced the accumulation of eosinophils in the airway and decreased mRNA expression of selected inflammatory mediators in the lung. Lipidomics clarified the metabolomic profile in the lungs. Among EPA-derived metabolites, 12-hydroxy-17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-OH-17,18-EpETE) was identified as one of the major biosynthesized molecules; the production of this molecule was amplified by EPA administration and allergic inflammation. Intravenous administration of 12-OH-17,18-EpETE attenuated airway eosinophilic inflammation through downregulation of C-C chemokine motif 11 (CCL11) mRNA expression in the lungs. In vitro, this molecule also inhibited the release of CCL11 from human airway epithelial cells stimulated with interleukin-4. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that EPA alleviated airway eosinophilic inflammation through its conversion into bioactive metabolites. Additionally, our results suggest that 12-OH-17,18-EpETE is a potential therapeutic target for the management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Mochimaru
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - J. Miyata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Matsusaka
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Masaki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Kabata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Ueda
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Goto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
- Pharmaceutical Research Center; Shionogi & Co. Ltd.; Osaka Japan
| | - D. Urabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Isobe
- Laboratory for Metabolomics; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; Kanagawa Japan
| | - M. Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; Kanagawa Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science; Yokohama City University; Kanagawa Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism; Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Betsuyaku
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
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25
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Takamiya R, Uchida K, Shibata T, Maeno T, Kato M, Yamaguchi Y, Ariki S, Hasegawa Y, Saito A, Miwa S, Takahashi H, Akaike T, Kuroki Y, Takahashi M. Disruption of the structural and functional features of surfactant protein A by acrolein in cigarette smoke. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8304. [PMID: 28814727 PMCID: PMC5559459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08588-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The extent to which defective innate immune responses contribute to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not fully understood. Pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays an important role in regulating innate immunity in the lungs. In this study, we hypothesised that cigarette smoke (CS) and its component acrolein might influence pulmonary innate immunity by affecting the function of SP-A. Indeed, acrolein-modified SP-A was detected in the lungs of mice exposed to CS for 1 week. To further confirm this finding, recombinant human SP-A (hSP-A) was incubated with CS extract (CSE) or acrolein and then analysed by western blotting and nanoscale liquid chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. These analyses revealed that CSE and acrolein induced hSP-A oligomerisation and that acrolein induced the modification of six residues in hSP-A: His39, His116, Cys155, Lys180, Lys221, and Cys224. These modifications had significant effects on the innate immune functions of hSP-A. CSE- or acrolein-induced modification of hSP-A significantly decreased hSP-A's ability to inhibit bacterial growth and to enhance macrophage phagocytosis. These findings suggest that CS-induced structural and functional defects in SP-A contribute to the dysfunctional innate immune responses observed in the lung during cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Takamiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Maeno
- Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Structural Glycobiology Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ariki
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hasegawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Soichi Miwa
- Department of Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kuroki
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Motoko Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
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Nakamura K, Miura D, Saito Y, Yunoki K, Koyama Y, Satoh M, Kondo M, Osawa K, Hatipoglu OF, Miyoshi T, Yoshida M, Morita H, Ito H. Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents arterial calcification in klotho mutant mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181009. [PMID: 28771600 PMCID: PMC5542469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The klotho gene was identified as an "aging-suppressor" gene that accelerates arterial calcification when disrupted. Serum and vascular klotho levels are reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease, and the reduced levels are associated with arterial calcification. Intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an n-3 fatty acid, reduces the risk of fatal coronary artery disease. However, the effects of EPA on arterial calcification have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of EPA on arterial calcification in klotho mutant mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Four-week-old klotho mutant mice and wild-type (WT) mice were given a diet containing 5% EPA (EPA food, klotho and WT: n = 12, each) or not containing EPA (control food, klotho and WT: n = 12, each) for 4 weeks. Calcium volume scores of thoracic and abdominal aortas assessed by computed tomography were significantly elevated in klotho mice after 4 weeks of control food, but they were not elevated in klotho mice after EPA food or in WT mice. Serum levels of EPA and resolvin E1, an active metabolite of EPA, in EPA food-fed mice were significantly increased compared to those in control food-fed mice. An oxidative stress PCR array followed by quantitative PCR revealed that NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4), an enzyme that generates superoxide, gene expression was up-regulated in arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of klotho mice. Activity of NOX was also significantly higher in SMCs of klotho mice than in those of WT mice. EPA decreased expression levels of the NOX4 gene and NOX activity. GPR120, a receptor of n-3 fatty acids, gene knockdown by siRNA canceled effects of EPA on NOX4 gene expression and NOX activity in arterial SMCs of klotho mice. CONCLUSIONS EPA prevents arterial calcification together with reduction of NOX gene expression and activity via GPR120 in klotho mutant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Daiji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nagano College of Nursing, Komagane, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kei Yunoki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koyama
- Department of Cardiology, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minoru Satoh
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Megumi Kondo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Osawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Omer F. Hatipoglu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toru Miyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Bronchoprotective mechanisms for specialized pro-resolving mediators in the resolution of lung inflammation. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 58:44-56. [PMID: 28455109 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bronchi are exposed daily to irritants, microbes and allergens as well as extremes of temperature and acid. The airway mucosal epithelium plays a pivotal role as a sentinel, releasing alarmins when danger is encountered. To maintain homeostasis, an elaborate counter-regulatory network of signals and cellular effector mechanisms are needed. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are chemical mediators that enact resolution programs in response to injury, infection or allergy. SPMs are enzymatically derived from essential polyunsaturated fatty acids with potent cell-type specific immunoresolvent properties. SPMs signal by engaging cell-based receptors to turn off acute inflammatory responses and restore tissue homeostasis. Several common lung diseases involving the airways, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF), are characterized by unresolved bronchial inflammation. In preclinical murine models of lung disease, SPMs carry potent bronchoprotective actions. Here, we review cellular and molecular effects for SPM-initiated catabasis in the lung and their human translation.
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28
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Brunssen C, Giebe S, Hofmann A, Brux M, Morawietz H. Evaluation of Cytotoxic, Oxidative, and Pro-Inflammatory Effects of Aqueous Cigarette Smoke Extract on Human Monocytes: A Potential Model System for Assessment of Next-Generation Tobacco and Nicotine Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2016.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sindy Giebe
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Hofmann
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Melanie Brux
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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29
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Abstract
The immune response comprises not only pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways but also pro-resolution mechanisms that serve to balance the need of the host to target microbial pathogens while preventing excess inflammation and bystander tissue damage. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are enzymatically derived from essential fatty acids to serve as a novel class of immunoresolvents that limit acute responses and orchestrate the clearance of tissue pathogens, dying cells and debris from the battlefield of infectious inflammation. SPMs are composed of lipoxins, E-series and D-series resolvins, protectins and maresins. Individual members of the SPM family serve as agonists at cognate receptors to induce cell-type specific responses. Important regulatory roles for SPMs have been uncovered in host responses to several microorganisms, including bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic pathogens. SPMs also promote the resolution of non-infectious inflammation and tissue injury. Defects in host SPM pathways contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. With the capacity to enhance host defence and modulate inflammation, SPMs represent a promising translational approach to enlist host resolution programmes for the treatment of infection and excess inflammation.
Here, the authors detail our current understanding of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a family of endogenous mediators that have important roles in promoting the resolution of inflammation. With a focus on the lungs, they discuss the contribution of SPMs to infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases and their emerging therapeutic potential. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are enzymatically derived from essential fatty acids and have important roles in orchestrating the resolution of tissue inflammation — that is, catabasis. Host responses to tissue infection elicit acute inflammation in an attempt to control invading pathogens. SPMs are lipid mediators that are part of a larger family of pro-resolving molecules, which includes proteins and gases, that together restrain inflammation and resolve the infection. These immunoresolvents are distinct from immunosuppressive molecules as they not only dampen inflammation but also promote host defence. Here, we focus primarily on SPMs and their roles in lung infection and inflammation to illustrate the potent actions these mediators play in restoring tissue homeostasis after an infection.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of the present review was to summarize recent research developments relating omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RECENT FINDINGS COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease; hence, omega-3 PUFAs may have beneficial effects. At present, however, there are limited data available regarding the potential for omega-3 PUFAs to be used therapeutically in COPD. In 2012-2013, several observational studies have emerged, which demonstrate that circulating omega-3 PUFA levels in COPD are inversely associated with systemic inflammation and positively associated with clinical outcomes. To date, all interventions incorporating omega-3 PUFAs in COPD have used nutrient combinations, such that the specific effects of omega-3 PUFAs cannot be determined. Three clinical trials in COPD are underway, which use therapeutic doses of omega-3 PUFAs alone, with positive results beginning to emerge in 2014. SUMMARY Observational data support the hypothesis that omega-3 PUFAs may provide a therapeutic strategy for managing COPD. Several intervention trials using omega-3 PUFAs in COPD are underway, which will provide a substantive amount of new data to inform the field and allow evidence-based advice to be generated for patients with COPD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa G Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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31
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Chatterjee A, Sharma A, Chen M, Toy R, Mottola G, Conte MS. The pro-resolving lipid mediator maresin 1 (MaR1) attenuates inflammatory signaling pathways in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113480. [PMID: 25409514 PMCID: PMC4237455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Inflammation and its resolution are central to vascular injury and repair. Maresins comprise a new family of bioactive lipid mediators synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid, an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. They have been found to exert anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving responses in macrophages, neutrophils and bronchial epithelial cells and impart beneficial actions in murine models of peritonitis and colitis. We investigated the impact of maresin-1 (MaR1) on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induced inflammatory responses in human vascular endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Methods Primary cultures of human saphenous vein EC and VSMC were employed. We tested the naturally occurring MaR1 as modulator of TNF-α effects, with examination of monocyte adhesion, oxidant stress, and intracellular inflammatory signaling pathways. Results MaR1 attenuated TNF-α induced monocyte adhesion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in both EC and VSMC, associated with down-regulated expression (cell surface) of the adhesion molecule E-selectin (in EC) and NADPH-oxidases (NOX4, NOX1, NOX2). MaR1 attenuated TNF-α induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators by EC and VSMC. MaR1 caused an attenuation of TNF-α induced NF-κB activation in both cell types associated with inhibition of I-κ Kinase (IKK) phosphorylation, IκB-α degradation and nuclear translocation of the NF- κB p65 subunit. MaR1 also caused a time-dependent increase in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) in both naive and TNF-α stimulated VSMC and EC. Conclusions MaR1 has broad anti-inflammatory actions on EC and VSMC, which may be partly mediated through up-regulation of cAMP and down-regulation of the transcription factor NF-κB. The results suggest that the pro-resolving lipid mediator MaR1 exerts homeostatic actions on vascular cells that counteract pro-inflammatory signals. These findings may have direct relevance for acute and chronic states of vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuran Chatterjee
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- * E-mail:
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mian Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert Toy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Giorgio Mottola
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael S. Conte
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Qu Q, Xuan W, Fan GH. Roles of resolvins in the resolution of acute inflammation. Cell Biol Int 2014; 39:3-22. [PMID: 25052386 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Resolution is an active process that terminates inflammatory response to maintain health. Acute inflammation and its timely resolution are important in host response to danger signals. Unresolved inflammation is associated with widely recurrent diseases. Resolvins, including the D and E series, are endogenous lipid mediators generated during the resolution phase of acute of inflammation from the ω-3 PUFAs, DHA, and EPA. They have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties that have been determined in many inflammation studies in animal models. In this review, we provide an updated overview of biosynthesis, actions, and signaling pathways of resolvins, thereby underscoring their diverse protective roles and introducing novel therapeutic strategies for inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Qu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China
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Marcon R, Bento AF, Dutra RC, Bicca MA, Leite DFP, Calixto JB. Maresin 1, a proresolving lipid mediator derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, exerts protective actions in murine models of colitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:4288-98. [PMID: 24038091 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been previously reported that dietary fish oils, which are rich in the polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, can exert beneficial effects in inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of docosahexaenoic acid-derived lipid mediator maresin 1 (MaR1) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice. Systemic treatment with MaR1 significantly attenuated both DSS- and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colonic inflammation by improving the disease activity index and reducing body weight loss and colonic tissue damage. MaR1 treatment also induced a significant decrease in levels of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ, in the acute protocol, as well as IL-1β and IL-6, but not TNF-α and INF-γ, in the chronic DSS colitis protocol. Additionally, MaR1 decreased ICAM-1 mRNA expression in both the acute and chronic protocols of DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of MaR1 seem to be associated with inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Moreover, incubation of LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophage cultures with MaR1 reduced neutrophil migration and reactive oxygen species production, besides decreasing IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and INF-γ production. Interestingly, macrophages incubated only with MaR1 showed a significant upregulation of mannose receptor C, type 1 mRNA expression, an M2 macrophage phenotype marker. These results indicate that MaR1 consistently protects mice against different models of experimental colitis, possibly by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and consequently multiple inflammatory mediators, as well as by enhancing the macrophage M2 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Marcon
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88049-900, Brazil
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