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Hofmann T, Makk ÁN, Albert L. Extraction of (+)-catechin from oak ( Quercus spp.) bark: Optimization of pretreatment and extraction conditions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22024. [PMID: 38027666 PMCID: PMC10665808 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oaks (Quercus L., Fagaceae) are a widespread tree species worldwide, and in Hungary they account for nearly 30 % of the forests. Their wood is valuable, but their bark is considered as a by-product. Oak bark, available in large quantities but with no dedicated use, contains a significant amount of valuable extractives. Its (+)-catechin content is around 1 %. (+)-Catechin is mostly used for food industry, medicine and many other industrial purposes, representing a significant financial value. The aim of the present research was to compare the (+)-catechin concentrations in the bark of the most important oak species found in Hungary and to optimize sample pretreatment (conservation) and extraction methods in order to achieve fast and efficient extraction. From these species the highest concentrations were measured in Q. robur and Q. robur ssp. slavonica (8-12 mg (+)-catechin/g dry bark). The combination of microwave sample pretreatment and microwave assisted extraction proved to be the most time- and cost-effective method. The utilization of the extracted bark powder for energetic purposes requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Hofmann
- University of Sopron, Institute of Environmental Protection and Nature Conservation, H-9400, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Str. 4, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nándor Makk
- DMRV Zrt., Division of Environmental and Water Quality Protection, H-2600, Kodály Zoltán Str. 3, Vác, Hungary
| | - Levente Albert
- University of Sopron, Institute of Environmental Protection and Nature Conservation, H-9400, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Str. 4, Sopron, Hungary
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2
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Shubina VS, Kozina VI, Shatalin YV. A Comparative Study of the Inhibitory Effect of Some Flavonoids and a Conjugate of Taxifolin with Glyoxylic Acid on the Oxidative Burst of Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15068. [PMID: 37894747 PMCID: PMC10606308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the storage, processing, and digestion of flavonoid-rich foods and beverages, a condensation of flavonoids with toxic carbonyl compounds occurs. The effect of the resulting products on cells remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of quercetin, taxifolin, catechin, eriodictyol, hesperetin, naringenin, and a condensation product of taxifolin with glyoxylic acid on the oxidative burst of neutrophils. It was found that the flavonoids and the condensation product inhibited the total production of ROS. Flavonoids decreased both the intra and extracellular ROS production. The condensation product had no effect on intracellular ROS production but effectively inhibited the extracellular production of ROS. Thus, the condensation of flavonoids with toxic carbonyl compounds may lead to the formation of compounds exhibiting potent inhibitory effects on the oxidative burst of neutrophils. The data also suggest that, during these reactions, the influence of a fraction of flavonoids and their polyphenolic derivatives on cellular functions may change. On the whole, the results of the study provide a better understanding of the effects of polyphenols on human health. In addition, these results reveal the structure-activity relationship of these polyphenols and may be useful in a search for new therapeutic agents against diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S. Shubina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | | | - Yuri V. Shatalin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
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Polyphenols and Their Nanoformulations: Protective Effects against Human Diseases. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101639. [PMID: 36295074 PMCID: PMC9604961 DOI: 10.3390/life12101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are the secondary metabolites synthesized by the plants as a part of defense machinery. Owing to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, antineoplastic, and immunomodulatory effects, natural polyphenols have been used for a long time to prevent and treat a variety of diseases. As a result, these phytochemicals may be able to act as therapeutic agents in treating cancer and cardiovascular and neurological disorders. The limited bioavailability of polyphenolic molecules is one issue with their utilization. For the purpose of increasing the bioavailability of these chemicals, many formulation forms have been developed, with nanonization standing out among them. The present review outlines the biological potential of nanoformulated plant polyphenolic compounds. It also summarizes the employability of various polyphenols as nanoformulations for cancer and neurological and cardiovascular disease treatment. Nanoencapsulated polyphenols, singular or in combinations, effective both in vitro and in vivo, need more investigation.
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Jia B, Wei Z, Kong X, Xia S, Gan L, Han S. Antioxidant Properties of Larch Tannins with Different Mean Polymerization Degrees: Controlled Degradation Based on Hydroxyl Radical Degradation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9367-9376. [PMID: 35866722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyl radical produced by hydrogen peroxide decomposition under UV radiation was used to degrade larch tannins in an environmentally friendly manner. The formaldehyde reactivity of the degraded products was used as an index to control the mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of the degraded products, and the effects of different mDP on the antioxidant activity of tannins were studied. Results showed that hydroxyl radical could significantly reduce the degree of polymerization (DP) and molecular weight (Mw) of larch tannins, and the mDP and Mw of degraded products could be controlled by considering the formaldehyde reactivity as the index. The antioxidant activity of larch tannins increased with the decrease in mDP. When the degradation time was 6 h, the formaldehyde reactivity was the highest at 0.823. The antioxidant activity of the degraded product was excellent, and the free radical scavenging rate was more than 98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhenyu Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiangnan Kong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shitao Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lu Gan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shuguang Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Microwave-Assisted Water Extraction of Aspen (Populus tremula) and Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Barks as a Tool for Their Valorization. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11121544. [PMID: 35736694 PMCID: PMC9228133 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The barks of aspen (Populus tremula) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) are byproducts of wood processing, characterized by their low economic value. In the present study, microwave-assisted one-cycle water extraction was explored as a tool for the valorization of this biomass as a source of biologically active compounds. The microwave extractor of the original construction equipped with a pressurized extraction chamber and a condenser section was used. The microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), specially including dynamic dielectric heating up to 70 °C followed by 30 min of isothermal heating, promoted the isolation of salicin from aspen bark, allowing for the obtention of a two-times-higher free salicin concentration in water extracts (−14% vs. 7%) reached by multi-cycle accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), which is an advanced technique used as a reference. The MAE of pine bark with dynamic heating up to 90–130 °C, avoiding the isothermal heating step, allowed for the obtention of a 1.7-times-higher concentration of proantocyanidin dimers-tetramers, a 1.3-times-higher concentration of catechin and a 1.2-times-higher concentration of quinic acid in water extracts in comparison to a more time- and solvent-consuming ASE performed at the same temperature. The biological activity of the obtained extracts was characterized in terms of their ability to inhibit xahntine oxidase enzyme, which is a validated target for the therapeutic treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Li Q, Liu L, Duan M, Chen X, Li J, Zhao T, Fu Y, Julian McClements D, Huang J, Lin H, Shi J. TiO 2 nanoparticles negatively impact the bioavailability and antioxidant activity of tea polyphenols. Food Chem 2022; 371:131045. [PMID: 34600371 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the influence of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on the stability, bioavailability, and antioxidant activity of co-ingested tea polyphenols extract using an in vitro digestion model. The tea polyphenol contents decreased significantly after addition of 0.5 % (w/w) TiO2 NPs. The gallocatechin gallate level decreased the most, changing from 101.9 to 27.2 µg/mL (about 73.3%). The TiO2 NPs also reduced the bioavailability of the tea polyphenols in a dose-dependent manner, which was ascribed to the formation of large polyphenol-TiO2 NP complex aggregates that could not pass through the pores in the dialysis tube used to simulate the gut wall. Additionally, the TiO2 NPs decreased the antioxidant activity of the tea polyphenols within the simulated gastrointestinal tract. In summary, our results show that high levels of TiO2 NPs (but within the current legal limits in many countries) may negatively impact the bioavailability and bioactivity of polyphenols in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Mengran Duan
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jing Li
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Yinxin Fu
- Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430032, China.
| | | | - Jialu Huang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Hongyi Lin
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jinglan Shi
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
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Abstract
Tannins are an interesting class of polyphenols, characterized, in almost all cases, by a different degree of polymerization, which, inevitably, markedly influences their bioavailability, as well as biochemical and pharmacological activities. They have been used for the process of tanning to transform hides into leather, from which their name derives. For several time, they have not been accurately evaluated, but now researchers have started to unravel their potential, highlighting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities, as well as their involvement in cardiovascular, neuroprotective and in general metabolic diseases prevention. The mechanisms underlying their activity are often complex, but the main targets of their action (such as key enzymes modulation, activation of metabolic pathways and changes in the metabolic fluxes) are highlighted in this review, without losing sight of their toxicity. This aspect still needs further and better-designed study to be thoroughly understood and allow a more conscious use of tannins for human health.
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Chemical Characterisation, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Pinus pinaster Ait. and Pinus pinea L. Bark Polar Extracts: Prospecting Forestry By-Products as Renewable Sources of Bioactive Compounds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Agroforestry by-products have gained rising attention in recent years as they represent inexpensive and abundant raw materials that are a source of added-value chemicals, e.g., for food and pharmaceutical applications, as well as for bioenergy generation. Pinus pinaster Ait. bark extracts are consumed worldwide for their cardiovascular benefits, whilst the health potential of Pinus pinea L. bark has not yet been deeply exploited. Therefore, this study highlights the chemical characterisation of Portuguese P. pinaster Ait. and P. pinea L. bark polar extracts, via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-MSn) analysis, and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Quinic acid, an A-type procyanidin dimer isomer, protocatechuic acid, and quercetin were identified for the first time as P. pinea L. bark components. Moreover, this bark demonstrated a higher total content of identified polar compounds than P. pinaster Ait. bark, with quinic acid being the most abundant compound identified. Regarding antioxidant activity, the pine bark polar extracts exhibited strong reducing power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging effects compared to natural antioxidants. Moreover, the bactericidal actions of pine bark extracts were shown against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at a 3.13–25 mg mL−1 range. Globally, these promising insights can boost the sustainable exploitation of P. pinea L. bark, as already occurs with P. pinaster Ait. bark, for the food and biomedical fields.
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Alsubaie H, Zaheer Z, Aazam ES. Role of ionic surfactants on the nucleation and growth of silver nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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10
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Shubina VS, Kozina VI, Shatalin YV. Comparison of Antioxidant Properties of a Conjugate of Taxifolin with Glyoxylic Acid and Selected Flavonoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081262. [PMID: 34439510 PMCID: PMC8389318 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that flavonoids can react with toxic carbonyl compounds in the process of the storage, aging, and digestion of flavonoid-rich foods and beverages. However, the effect of these reactions on the antioxidant properties of the polyphenolic fraction and the properties of the resulting products remain poorly studied. The aim of the present work was to study the antioxidant activity of quercetin, taxifolin, catechin, eriodictyol, hesperetin, naringenin and a product of the condensation of taxifolin with glyoxylic acid, as well as to reveal the structure–activity relationship of these polyphenols. It was found that flavonoids containing the catechol moiety exhibited higher antioxidant activity than hesperetin and naringenin. The product showed the highest hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, a lower metal-reducing and a higher iron-binding ability than catechol-containing flavonoids, and a lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity comparable with that of taxifolin. Thus, the condensation of flavonoids with toxic carbonyl compounds might lead to the formation of products exhibiting high antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, the conditions under which parent flavonoids and their products exhibit the maximal antioxidant activity may differ. The data suggest that the antioxidant profile of the polyphenolic fraction and bioavailability of polyphenols, carbonyl compounds, and metal ions may change when these reactions occur.
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Şeker ME, Çelik A, Dost K, Erdoğan A. Investigation of Phenolic Content in Five Different Pine Barks Species Grown in Turkey by HPLC-UV and LC-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:491-501. [PMID: 33634307 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of phenolic content from different pine bark species grown in Turkey was performed using a reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (RP-HPLC-UV) method. All phenolic constituents were separated in <26 min on reversed-phase C18 column with gradient mobile phase that consists of orthophosphoric acid, methanol and acetonitrile. Detections were made on an UV detector at 280 nm and at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Samples were prepared according to Masqueller's conventional sample preparation method with slight modifications. To avoid the reduction in extraction efficiency the sample preparation step was carried out under argon atmosphere. The linearity of the method was between 0.9994 and 0.9999. The detection limits for the five phenolic constituents ranged from 0122 to 0.324 mg/L. Catechin and taxifolin were found in all pine barks at a concentration of 0.065 ± 0.002-1.454 ± 0.004 and 0.015 ± 0.001-23.164 ± 0.322 mg/g, respectively. Epicatechin was determined in four pine barks between 0.027 ± 0.001 and 0.076 ± 0.002 mg/g, ferulic acid in two pine barks between 0.010 ± 0.001 and 0.022 ± 0.001 mg/g and epicatechin gallate in only one of the pine barks at 0.025 ± 0.001 mg/g. Finally, the total amount of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of the pine barks were found to be very high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Şeker
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Yağcilar Mahallesi, 45140, Yunusemre, Manisa-Turkey, Manisa, Turkey.,Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Giresun University, Espiye 28600, Espiye/Giresun-Turkey, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Ali Çelik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Yağcilar Mahallesi, 45140, Yunusemre, Manisa-Turkey, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Kenan Dost
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Yağcilar Mahallesi, 45140, Yunusemre, Manisa-Turkey, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Erdoğan
- EGE MATAL (Ege University Application and Research Center for Testing and Analysis), Ege University, Bornova, 35100 İzmir, Bornova-İzmir-Turkey, Turkey
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Hernandez C, Cadenillas L, Maghubi AE, Caceres I, Durrieu V, Mathieu C, Bailly JD. Mimosa tenuiflora Aqueous Extract: Role of Condensed Tannins in Anti-Aflatoxin B1 Activity in Aspergillus flavus. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060391. [PMID: 34072350 PMCID: PMC8228179 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent carcinogenic mycotoxin that contaminates numerous crops pre- and post-harvest. To protect foods and feeds from such toxins without resorting to pesticides, the use of plant extracts has been increasingly studied. The most interesting candidate plants are those with strong antioxidative activity because oxidation reactions may interfere with AFB1 production. The present study investigates how an aqueous extract of Mimosa tenuiflora bark affects both the growth of Aspergillus flavus and AFB1 production. The results reveal a dose-dependent inhibition of toxin synthesis with no impact on fungal growth. AFB1 inhibition is related to a down-modulation of the cluster genes of the biosynthetic pathway and especially to the two internal regulators aflR and aflS. Its strong anti-oxidative activity also allows the aqueous extract to modulate the expression of genes involved in fungal oxidative-stress response, such as msnA, mtfA, atfA, or sod1. Finally, a bio-guided fractionation of the aqueous extract demonstrates that condensed tannins play a major role in the anti-aflatoxin activity of Mimosa tenuiflora bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hernandez
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, 313000 Toulouse, France; (C.H.); (L.C.); (A.E.M.); (I.C.)
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France; (V.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Laura Cadenillas
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, 313000 Toulouse, France; (C.H.); (L.C.); (A.E.M.); (I.C.)
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France; (V.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Anwar El Maghubi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, 313000 Toulouse, France; (C.H.); (L.C.); (A.E.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Isaura Caceres
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, 313000 Toulouse, France; (C.H.); (L.C.); (A.E.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Vanessa Durrieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France; (V.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Céline Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France; (V.D.); (C.M.)
- Centre d’Application et de Traitement des Agro-Ressources (CATAR), INPT, Toulouse, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Denis Bailly
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, 313000 Toulouse, France; (C.H.); (L.C.); (A.E.M.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-56-1193-229
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Alomary MN, Ansari MA. Proanthocyanin-Capped Biogenic TiO 2 Nanoparticles with Enhanced Penetration, Antibacterial and ROS Mediated Inhibition of Bacteria Proliferation and Biofilm Formation: A Comparative Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:5817-5829. [PMID: 33434357 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biofunctionalized TiO2 nanoparticles with a size range of 18.42±1.3 nm were synthesized in a single-step approach employing Grape seed extract (GSE) proanthocyanin (PAC) polyphenols. The effect of PACs rich GSE corona was examined with respect to 1) the stability and dispersity of as-synthesized GSE-TiO2 -NPs, 2) their antiproliferative and antibiofilm efficacy, and 3) their propensity for internalization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in urinary tract infections (UTIs) causing Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains. State-of-the-art techniques were used to validate GSE-TiO2 -NPs formation. Comparative Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis demonstrated that PACs linked functional -OH groups likely play a central role in Ti4+ reduction and nucleation to GSE-TiO2 -NPs, while forming a thin, soft corona around nascent NPs to attribute significantly enhanced stability and dispersity. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass-spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analyses confirmed there was significantly (p<0.05) enhanced intracellular uptake of GSE-TiO2 -NPs in both Gram-negative and -positive test uropathogens as compared to bare TiO2 -NPs. Correspondingly, compared to bare NPs, GSE-TiO2 -NPs induced intracellular ROS formation that corresponded well with dose-dependent inhibitory patterns of cell proliferation and biofilm formation in both the tested strains. Overall, this study demonstrates that -OH rich PACs of GSE corona on biogenic TiO2 -NPs maximized the functional stability, dispersity and propensity of penetration into planktonic cells and biofilm matrices. Such unique merits warrant the use of GSE-TiO2 -NPs as a novel, functionally stable and efficient antibacterial nano-formulation to combat the menace of UTIs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad N Alomary
- National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environmental Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Wong-Paz JE, Guyot S, Aguilar-Zárate P, Muñiz-Márquez DB, Contreras-Esquivel JC, Aguilar CN. Structural characterization of native and oxidized procyanidins (condensed tannins) from coffee pulp (Coffea arabica) using phloroglucinolysis and thioglycolysis-HPLC-ESI-MS. Food Chem 2020; 340:127830. [PMID: 32919355 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Procyanidins from coffee pulp are responsible from the limited valorization of this by-product. Information about procyanidin structure is still scarce and imprecise. The aim of this work was to study the native and oxidized procyanidins from coffee pulp with respect to composition and structure. An aqueous acetone extract from coffee pulp was purified using Sephadex LH-20. Butanolysis, phloroglucinolysis and thioglycolysis coupled to HLPC-ESI-MS were applied for the characterization of the native and oxidized procyanidins. The purification allowed to recovery three fractions (aqueous, ethanolic and acetonic) and only acetone fraction showed a high concentration of procyanidins (98%, w/w). HPLC-ESI-MS of procyanidins-rich fraction without any reaction resulted in a UV-Vis chromatogram unresolved typical of the presence of procyanidins. The extracted ion chromatogram and MS2 analysis revealed the presence from dimers to pentamers of native procyanidins. Interestingly, by first time an A-type trimeric procyanidin (m/z of 863) was observed in coffee pulp. In our study, (-)-epicatechin was the constitutive unit of procyanidins with an aDP of 6.8 (oligomeric native procyanidins) according to the phloroglucinolysis assay. Two oxidation markers useful to characterization of oxidized procyanidins were observed in the procyanidins-rich fraction after thioglycolysis, a dimer A2-ext and a molecule that corresponds to a linkage between an extension and a terminal unit. Coffee pulp procyanidins were presented with only a minor class of oxidized procyanidins. As far as we know, this is the first study about characterization of the oxidized procyanidins from coffee pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Wong-Paz
- Group of Bioprocesses and Bioproducts. Food Research Department, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coah, Mexico; Engineering Department, Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Valles, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico
| | - Sylvain Guyot
- INRA, UR1268 BIA, Team Polyphenol, Reactivity & Processing (PRP), BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Pedro Aguilar-Zárate
- Group of Bioprocesses and Bioproducts. Food Research Department, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coah, Mexico; Engineering Department, Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Valles, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico
| | - Diana B Muñiz-Márquez
- Group of Bioprocesses and Bioproducts. Food Research Department, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coah, Mexico; Engineering Department, Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Valles, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico
| | - Juan C Contreras-Esquivel
- Group of Bioprocesses and Bioproducts. Food Research Department, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coah, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Group of Bioprocesses and Bioproducts. Food Research Department, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coah, Mexico.
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Extraction of Proanthocyanidins from Chinese Wild Rice ( Zizania latifolia) and Analyses of Structural Composition and Potential Bioactivities of Different Fractions. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091681. [PMID: 31052148 PMCID: PMC6539017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the importance of proanthocyanidin bioactivity and its relationship with chemical structure, ultrasound-assisted extraction and purification schemes were proposed to evaluate the proanthocyanidin content and analyze the structural composition and potential bioactivities of different proanthocyanidin fractions from Chinese wild rice (Zizanialatifolia). Following an optimized extraction procedure, the crude wild rice proanthocyanidins (WRPs) were purified using n-butanol extraction, chromatography on macroporous resins, and further fractionation on Sephadex LH-20 to yield six specific fractions (WRPs-1–WRPs-6) containing proanthocyanidin levels exceeding 524.19 ± 3.56 mg/g extract. Structurally, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, and (−)-epigallocatechin were present as both terminal and extension units, and (−)-epicatechin was the major extension unit, in each fraction. This is the first preparation of WRP fractions with a different mean degree of polymerization (mDP), ranging from 2.66 ± 0.04 to 10.30 ± 0.46. A comparison of the bioactivities of these fractions revealed that fractions WRPs-1−WRPs-5 had significant DPPH radical scavenging activities, whereas fraction WRPs-6 with a high mDP showed better α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects. These findings should help define possible applications of WRPs to functional foods or nutraceuticals.
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16
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Enhancing the Yield of Bioactive Compounds from Sclerocarya birrea Bark by Green Extraction Approaches. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050966. [PMID: 30857290 PMCID: PMC6429519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerocarya birrea is a tree indigenous to Southern Africa with significant importance in rural livelihoods for food, medicine, and carving. The bark, which contains 10⁻20% tannin, provides several pharmacological benefits as an antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-atherogenic, and antioxidant medication, among others. This study compared different extraction techniques used to recover bioactive compounds from marula bark. For this purpose, solid⁻liquid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) were performed under selected conditions, using only "food-grade" solvents. The potential use of the proposed extraction methodologies was evaluated in term of yield, and the individual phenolic composition determined by HPLC⁻ESI⁻TOF⁻MS. PLE provided a high extraction yield in all experimental conditions. With regard to bioactive compounds composition, a total of 71 compounds, a significant percentage of which in a galloyl form, were distributed in five major categories. The largest number of compounds, mostly flavonoid aglycones, were extracted by PLE, generally when the extraction was developed at low temperatures. SFE did prove effective as a way of extracting antidiabetic proanthocyanidins. Advanced extraction techniques represent a powerful tool to obtain bioactive compounds from S. birrea bark, which can be used as supplements or food ingredients, promoting the valorization of this crop.
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17
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Gastroprotective property of Pseudocydonia sinensis fruit jelly on the ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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18
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Zheng W, Zheng Q, Xue Y, Hu J, Gao MT. Influence of rice straw polyphenols on cellulase production by Trichoderma reesei. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:731-738. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Shubina VS, Shatalin YV. Antioxidant and iron-chelating properties of taxifolin and its condensation product with glyoxylic acid. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 54:1467-1475. [PMID: 28559605 PMCID: PMC5430177 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The condensation of taxifolin with glyoxylic acid was examined, and the properties of the resulting product were compared with those of taxifolin. The structure of the product was determined by NMR spectroscopy. The ability of the polyphenols to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) was estimated by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. The iron-chelating and iron-reducing activities were studied using absorption spectrophotometry. It was shown that the condensation leads to the formation of a dimer consisting of two taxifolin units linked through a carboxymethine bridge at the C-6 and C-8 positions of the A ring. The dimer exhibited a somewhat higher ROS scavenging activity than taxifolin. The iron-binding capacity of the compounds was proportional to the number of polyphenol units. The iron-reducing ability of the dimer was lower than that of taxifolin. Thus, the dimer possessed a higher antioxidant activity than the parent flavonoid. The data obtained may be useful for a better understanding of processes occurring in foods and beverages and in a search for new active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S. Shubina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia 142290
| | - Yuri V. Shatalin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia 142290
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Release of Polyphenols Is the Major Factor Influencing the Bioconversion of Rice Straw to Lactic Acid. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 183:685-698. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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21
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Li Q, Wang X, Chen J, Liu C, Li T, McClements DJ, Dai T, Liu J. Antioxidant activity of proanthocyanidins-rich fractions from Choerospondias axillaris peels using a combination of chemical-based methods and cellular-based assay. Food Chem 2016; 208:309-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Pavelková A, Bobko M, Haščík P, Kačániová M, Tkáčová J. Oxidative stability of chicken thigh meat after treatment of abies alba essential oil. POTRAVINARSTVO 2015. [DOI: 10.5219/523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the effect of the Abies alba essential oil in two different concentrations on oxidative stability of chicken thigh muscles during chilled storage was investigated. In the experiment were chickens of hybrid combination Cobb 500 after 42 days of the fattening period slaughtered. All the broiler chickens were fed with the same feed mixtures and were kept under the same conditions. The feed mixtures were produced without any antibiotic preparations and coccidiostatics. After slaughtering was dissection obtained fresh chicken thigh with skin from left half-carcass which were divided into five groups (n = 5): C - control air-packaged group; A1 - vacuum-packaged experimental group; A2 - vacuum-packaged experimental group with thylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution 1.50% w/w; A3 - vacuum-packaged experimental group with Abies alba oil 0.10% v/w and A4 - vacuum-packaged experimental group with Abies alba oil 0.20% v/w. The Abies alba essential oil was applicate on ground chicken things and immediately after dipping, each sample was packaged using a vacuum packaging machine and storage in refrigerate at 4 ±0.5 °C. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value expressed in number of malondialdehyde was measured in the process of first storage day of 1st, 4th, 8th, 12th and 16th day after slaughtering and expressed on the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) in 1 kg sample. The treatments of chicken things with Abies alba essential oil show statistically significant differences between all testing groups and control group, where higher average value of MDA measured in thigh muscle of broiler chickens was in samples of control group (0.4380 mg.kg-1) compared to experimental groups A1 (0.124 mg.kg-1), A2 (0.086 mg.kg-1), A3 (0.082 mg.kg-1) and A4 (0.077 mg.kg-1) after 16-day of chilled storage. Experiment results show that the treatment of chicken thigh with Abies alba essential oil positively influenced on the reduction of oxidative processes in thigh muscles during chilling storage and use of essential oil is one of the options increase shelf life of fresh chicken meat.
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Abstract
Tannins are considered as valuable plant secondary metabolites providing many benefits for human health. In this review information was gathered about bioactivity in vitro and in vivo, as well as about conducted clinical trials. The literature research was based on ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Cochrane databases and presents a wide range of tested activities of tannins. The described clinical trials verify laboratory tests and show the effective health benefits taken from supplementation with tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-093, Poland
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24
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Karapandzova M, Stefkov G, Cvetkovikj I, Stanoeva JP, Stefova M, Kulevanova S. Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds in Needles of Pinus peuce and Other Pine Species from the Macedonian Flora. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in young needles of four pine species, Pinus peuce, P. nigra, P. mugo and P. sylvestris from the Macedonian flora were investigated. The amount of total phenols and total flavonoids were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride assay, respectively. The obtained results revealed that the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) varied among different pine species ranging from 9.8 to 14.0 mg GAE/g and from 3.3 to 7.2 mg CE/g of dried plant material, respectively. Qualitative analysis of flavonoids and other phenolic components was made by a LC-DAD/ESI-MSn optimized chromatographic method. A total of 17 phenolic components were identified and classified as: acids (2), procyanidins (2) and flavonoid glycosides (13). The most prevalent components were flavonoid glycosides, especially flavonols and methylated flavonols (9). Additionally, 3 components were found as acylated flavonol glycosides with ferulic and p-coumaric acid. The last one was found not only in esterified form but also in the free form. Only one flavone-apigenin glycoside was detected. Procyanidins were identified as catechin derivatives, both dimers and trimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Karapandzova
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University ‘Ss. Cyril and Methodius’, Majka Tereza str. 47, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - Gjose Stefkov
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University ‘Ss. Cyril and Methodius’, Majka Tereza str. 47, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - Ivana Cvetkovikj
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University ‘Ss. Cyril and Methodius’, Majka Tereza str. 47, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University ‘Ss. Cyril and Methodius’, Arhimedova 5, POB 162, 1001 Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - Marina Stefova
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University ‘Ss. Cyril and Methodius’, Arhimedova 5, POB 162, 1001 Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - Svetlana Kulevanova
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University ‘Ss. Cyril and Methodius’, Majka Tereza str. 47, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia
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25
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Zhao CF, Lei DJ, Song GH, Zhang H, Xu H, Yu LJ. Characterisation of water-soluble proanthocyanidins of Pyracantha fortuneana fruit and their improvement in cell bioavailable antioxidant activity of quercetin. Food Chem 2015; 169:484-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Pine bark and green tea concentrated extracts: antioxidant activity and comprehensive characterization of bioactive compounds by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:20382-402. [PMID: 25383680 PMCID: PMC4264173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151120382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of polyphenols has frequently been associated with low incidence of degenerative diseases. Most of these natural antioxidants come from fruits, vegetables, spices, grains and herbs. For this reason, there has been increasing interest in identifying plant extract compounds. Polymeric tannins and monomeric flavonoids, such as catechin and epicatechin, in pine bark and green tea extracts could be responsible for the higher antioxidant activities of these extracts. The aim of the present study was to characterize the phenolic compounds in pine bark and green tea concentrated extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI-QTOF-MS). A total of 37 and 35 compounds from pine bark and green tea extracts, respectively, were identified as belonging to various structural classes, mainly flavan-3-ol and its derivatives (including procyanidins). The antioxidant capacity of both extracts was evaluated by three complementary antioxidant activity methods: Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Higher antioxidant activity values by each method were obtained. In addition, total polyphenol and flavan-3-ol contents, which were determined by Folin–Ciocalteu and vanillin assays, respectively, exhibited higher amounts of gallic acid and (+)-catechin equivalents.
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27
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Zhou HC, Tam NFY, Lin YM, Ding ZH, Chai WM, Wei SD. Relationships between degree of polymerization and antioxidant activities: a study on proanthocyanidins from the leaves of a medicinal mangrove plant Ceriops tagal. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107606. [PMID: 25313980 PMCID: PMC4196849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tannins from the leaves of a medicinal mangrove plant, Ceriops tagal, were purified and fractionated on Sephadex LH-20 columns. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR), reversed/normal high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI MS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDT-TOF MS) analysis showed that the tannins were predominantly B-type procyanidins with minor A-type linkages, galloyl and glucosyl substitutions, and a degree of polymerization (DP) up to 33. Thirteen subfractions of the procyanidins were successfully obtained by a modified fractionation method, and their antioxidant activities were investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. All these subfractions exhibited potent antioxidant activities, and eleven of them showed significantly different mean DP (mDP) ranging from 1.43±0.04 to 31.77±1.15. Regression analysis demonstrated that antioxidant activities were positively correlative with mDP when around mDP <10, while dropped and then remained at a level similar to mDP = 5 with around 95 µg ml−1 for DPPH scavenging activity and 4 mmol AAE g−1 for FRAP value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Futian-CityU Mangrove R&D Centre, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail: (HCZ); (NFYT)
| | - Nora Fung-yee Tam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Futian-CityU Mangrove R&D Centre, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail: (HCZ); (NFYT)
| | - Yi-Ming Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Ding
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei-Ming Chai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shu-Dong Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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28
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Mendoza–Wilson AM, Castro-Arredondo SI, Balandrán-Quintana RR. Computational study of the structure–free radical scavenging relationship of procyanidins. Food Chem 2014; 161:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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García Marrero DE, Glasser WG, Pizzi A, Paczkowski S, Laborie MPG. Substitution pattern elucidation of hydroxypropyl Pinus pinaster (Ait.) bark polyflavonoid derivatives by ESI(-)-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2014; 49:1050-1058. [PMID: 25303395 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The structure of condensed tannins (CTs) from Pinus pinaster bark extract and their hydroxypropylated derivatives with four degrees of substitution (DS 1, 2, 3 and 4) has been characterized for the first time using negative-ion mode electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI(-)-MS/MS). The results showed that P. pinaster bark CTs possess structural homogeneity in terms of monomeric units (C(15), catechin). The oligomer sizes were detected to be dimers to heptamers. The derivatives showed typical phenyl-propyl ether mass fragmentation by substituent elimination (58 amu) and inherent C(15) flavonoid fissions. The relative abundance of the product ions revealed a preferential triple, tetra-/penta- and octa- hydroxypropylation substitution pattern in the monomer, dimer and trimer derivatives, respectively. A defined order of -OH reactivity towards propylene oxide was established by means of multistage experiments (A-ring ≥ B-ring > C-ring). A high structural heterogeneity of the modified oligomers was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny E García Marrero
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum-FMF, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany; Chair of Forest Biomaterials, University of Freiburg, D-79085, Freiburg, Germany
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30
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Luo S, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang L. Extraction, identification and antioxidant activity of proanthocyanidins from Larix gmelinii Bark. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:1116-20. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.918125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Luo
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Liping Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
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31
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Zozio S, Servent A, Cazal G, Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié D, Ravion S, Pallet D, Abel H. Changes in antioxidant activity during the ripening of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk). Food Chem 2014; 150:448-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF, Chen SN, McAlpine J, Castellan CS, Phansalkar RS, Aguiar TR, Vidal CMP, Napotilano JG, Nam JW, Leme AA. Dentin biomodification: strategies, renewable resources and clinical applications. Dent Mater 2013; 30:62-76. [PMID: 24309436 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The biomodification of dentin is a biomimetic approach, mediated by bioactive agents, to enhance and reinforce the dentin by locally altering the biochemistry and biomechanical properties. This review provides an overview of key dentin matrix components, targeting effects of biomodification strategies, the chemistry of renewable natural sources, and current research on their potential clinical applications. METHODS The PubMed database and collected literature were used as a resource for peer-reviewed articles to highlight the topics of dentin hierarchical structure, biomodification agents, and laboratorial investigations of their clinical applications. In addition, new data is presented on laboratorial methods for the standardization of proanthocyanidin-rich preparations as a renewable source of plant-derived biomodification agents. RESULTS Biomodification agents can be categorized as physical methods and chemical agents. Synthetic and naturally occurring chemical strategies present distinctive mechanism of interaction with the tissue. Initially thought to be driven only by inter- or intra-molecular collagen induced non-enzymatic cross-linking, multiple interactions with other dentin components are fundamental for the long-term biomechanics and biostability of the tissue. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins show promising bioactivity, and their chemical complexity requires systematic evaluation of the active compounds to produce a fully standardized intervention material from renewable resource, prior to their detailed clinical evaluation. SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the hierarchical structure of dentin and the targeting effect of the bioactive compounds will establish their use in both dentin-biomaterials interface and caries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carina S Castellan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rasika S Phansalkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thaiane R Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cristina M P Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - José G Napotilano
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ariene A Leme
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Ananingsih VK, Sharma A, Zhou W. Green tea catechins during food processing and storage: A review on stability and detection. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Frevel MA, Pipingas A, Grigsby WJ, Frampton CM, Gilchrist NL. Production, composition and toxicology studies of Enzogenol® Pinus radiata bark extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:4316-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Wang T, Jónsdóttir R, Liu H, Gu L, Kristinsson HG, Raghavan S, Olafsdóttir G. Antioxidant capacities of phlorotannins extracted from the brown algae Fucus vesiculosus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:5874-83. [PMID: 22612266 DOI: 10.1021/jf3003653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A process for the effective extraction and fractionation of phlorotannins from Fucus vesiculosus with high antioxidant potentials was investigated. The antioxidant activity of F. vesiculosus extract/fractions was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power, and ferrous ion-chelating assays. Among the crude extract and different polarity fractions, the phlorotannin-enriched ethyl acetate fraction possessed the highest DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power. This fraction was further fractionated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography or ultrafiltration. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by both the above chemical antioxidant tests and a mononuclear cell-based bioassay. Sephadex subfractions LH-2 and LH-3 with high total phlorotannin content exhibited strong DPPH quenching activity, comparable to those of ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene and significantly higher than that of α-tocopherol. Polyphenols in F. vesiculosus were found to consist mainly of high molecular weight phlorotannin polymers. There were no clear relationships between the degree of polymerization, molecular size, and antioxidant activity. All the subfractions separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and ultrafiltration showed a high ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species generated by mononuclear cells. Further characterization of the phlorotannin compounds was performed on six Sephadex subfractions. Several phlorotannin oligomers were tentatively identified on the basis of HPLC-ESI-MS(n) analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University , Heishijiao 52, 116023 Dalian, China
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36
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Bordiga M, Coïsson JD, Locatelli M, Arlorio M, Travaglia F. Pyrogallol: an Alternative Trapping Agent in Proanthocyanidins Analysis. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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37
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Rubilar M, Morales E, Sáez R, Acevedo F, Palma B, Villarroel M, Shene C. Polyphenolic fractions improve the oxidative stability of microencapsulated linseed oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Álvarez E, Rodiño-Janeiro BK, Jerez M, Ucieda-Somoza R, Núñez MJ, González-Juanatey JR. Procyanidins from grape pomace are suitable inhibitors of human endothelial NADPH oxidase. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:1386-96. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Sánchez-Tena S, Fernández-Cachón ML, Carreras A, Mateos-Martín ML, Costoya N, Moyer MP, Nuñez MJ, Torres JL, Cascante M. Hamamelitannin from witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) displays specific cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:26-33. [PMID: 22216935 DOI: 10.1021/np200426k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hamamelis virginiana (witch hazel) bark is a rich source of condensed and hydrolyzable tannins reported to exert a protective action against colon cancer. The present study characterizes different witch hazel tannins as selective cytotoxic agents against colon cancer. To cover the structural diversity of the tannins that occur in H. virginiana bark, the hydrolyzable tannins, hamamelitannin and pentagalloylglucose, together with a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction (F800H4) were selected for the study. Treatment with these compounds reduced tumor viability and induced apoptosis, necrosis, and S-phase arrest in the cell cycle of HT29 cells, with hamamelitannin being the most efficient. Owing to polyphenol-mediated H(2)O(2) formation in the incubation media, the antiproliferative effect was determined in the presence and absence of catalase to rule out any such interference. The presence of catalase significantly changed the IC(50) only for F800H4. Furthermore, at concentrations that inhibit the growth of HT29 cells by 50%, hamamelitannin had no harmful effects on NCM460 normal colonocytes, whereas pentagalloylglucose inhibited both cancerous and normal cell growth. Using the TNPTM assay, we identified a highly reactive phenolic position in hamamelitannin, which may explain its efficacy at inhibiting colon cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Sánchez-Tena
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, IBUB, Unit Associated with CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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40
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Corcuera LA, Amézqueta S, Arbillaga L, Vettorazzi A, Touriño S, Torres JL, López de Cerain A. A polyphenol-enriched cocoa extract reduces free radicals produced by mycotoxins. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 50:989-95. [PMID: 22166788 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are characterized by the presence of phenol units in the molecules. These compounds may show antioxidant ability by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) of the free radical type. A polyphenol enriched cocoa extract (PECE) was obtained from cocoa seeds with 28% of procyanidins which were mainly epicatechin oligomers. PECE was very active as free radical scavenger against 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and tris(2,4,6-trichloro-3,5-dinitrophenyl)methyl (HNTTM) radicals; and the tris(2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-nitrophenyl)methyl (TNPTM) assay showed that the PECE might not be pro-oxidant. Thus it was considered a good candidate to be tested in in vitro models. It showed mild cytotoxic power on Hep G2 cells and induced ROS in a dose-dependent manner being weak oxidant only at high concentrations near the limit of solubility. The antioxidant properties were assayed in Hep G2 treated with the mycotoxins ochratoxin A (OTA) and/or aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The PECE was not effective against AFB1 but it increased the cell viability and reduced significantly the amounts of ROS in cells treated with OTA or mixtures of AFB1+OTA. These results are coherent with the role of oxidative pathways in the mechanism of OTA and indicate that polyphenols extracted from cocoa may be good candidates as antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Corcuera
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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41
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Structural diversity and antioxidant activity of condensed tannins fractionated from mangosteen pericarp. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Jerez M, Deive FJ, Sineiro J, Núñez MJ. Antioxidant activity of pine bark procyanidins in bulk corn oil and corn oil‐in‐water emulsions. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Jerez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Deive
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jorge Sineiro
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María J. Núñez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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43
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Viuda-Martos M, Ruiz-Navajas Y, Fernández-López J, Sendra E, Sayas-Barberá E, Pérez-Álvarez JA. Antioxidant properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) bagasses obtained as co-product in the juice extraction. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Yang H, Ye X, Liu D, Chen J, Zhang J, Shen Y, Yu D. Characterization of unusual proanthocyanidins in leaves of bayberry ( Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:1622-9. [PMID: 21319804 DOI: 10.1021/jf103918v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Extractable and unextractable proanthocyanidins (EPAs and UEPAs) from leaves of bayberry were characterized. Both EPAs and UEPAs were analyzed by acid catalysis in the presence of excess phloroglucinol. The main cleavage product, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate-(4β→2)-phloroglucinol, was successfully identified. The EPAs were of the prodelphinidin type. In fact, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) and traces of epigallocatechin (EGC) were detected as the extension units, but only EGCG was present in the terminal units. All of the compounds exhibited a 2,3-cis configuration, and >98% of them were galloylated. The mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of bayberry leaf EPAs was 6.5, and the most abundant EPAs were the polymers, with mDP values of 9.5-26.7. The UEPAs were highly polymerized prodelphinidins consisting of EGCG and traces of EGC. In addition, EGCG, three EPA dimers, and two trimers were identified. The EPAs and UEPAs consisted mostly of EGCG, which is unusual in the plant kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Yang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University , KaiXuan Road 268, Hangzhou CN 310029, People's Republic of China
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45
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Rubilar M, Jara C, Poo Y, Acevedo F, Gutierrez C, Sineiro J, Shene C. Extracts of Maqui ( Aristotelia chilensis ) and Murta ( Ugni molinae Turcz.): sources of antioxidant compounds and α-Glucosidase/α-Amylase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:1630-1637. [PMID: 21294510 DOI: 10.1021/jf103461k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and antihemolytic activities of crude, aqueous, and organic-aqueous extracts of maqui ( Aristotelia chilensis ) and murta ( Ugni molinae Turcz.), together with their inhibiting effect on enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates. Radical scavenging activity, inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation in a micellar system, antihemolytic activity, and inhibition of α-amylases and α-glucosidases were analyzed. Crude extracts of maqui leaves and fruits were found to be important sources of polyphenolic compounds, showing 69.0 ± 0.9 and 45.7 ± 1.1 mg GAE/g dm, respectively. Polyphenols from maqui leaves were active as antioxidants and antihemolytic compounds (p < 0.05), showing a noncompetitive inhibiting effect on α-glucosidase. Flavan-3-ol polymers and glycosylated flavonols, such as quercetin glucoside and kaempferol glucoside, were tentatively identified in extracts. This preliminary observation provides the basis for further examination of the suitability of polyphenol-enriched extracts from maqui and murta as nutritional or medicinal supplements with potential human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Rubilar
- Center of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations, BIOREN, and ‡Technology and Processes Unit, CGNA, Universidad de La Frontera , Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
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46
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Wei SD, Zhou HC, Lin YM. Antioxidant activities of fractions of polymeric procyanidins from stem bark of Acacia confusa. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:1146-60. [PMID: 21541049 PMCID: PMC3083696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12021146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The polymeric procyanidins extracted from Acacia confusa stem bark were fractionated with a step gradient of water, methanol and acetone on a Sephadex LH-20 column. The antioxidant activity of the collected fractions was investigated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. All fractions possessed potent antioxidant activity with the highest activity observed for fraction F9. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analyses suggested that the collected fractions consisted primarily of oligomeric and polymeric procyanidins, with different polymer ranges and most abundant polymer size. For each fraction, catechin and epicatechin were present as both terminal and extension units, and epicatechin was the major component in the extended chain. The mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of each fraction differed, ranging from 1.68 (fraction F2) to 17.31 (fraction F11). There was a relationship between antioxidant activity (IC50/DPPH and FRAP) and mDP (R(2) (DPPH) = 0.861, P = 0.006 and R(2) (FRAP) = 0.608, P = 0.038), respectively. However, the highest antioxidant activity of fraction (F9) was not coincident with the maximum mDP of fraction (F11).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Dong Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; E-Mails: (S.-D.W.); (H.-C.Z.)
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Maimoona A, Naeem I, Saddiqe Z, Jameel K. A review on biological, nutraceutical and clinical aspects of French maritime pine bark extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:261-277. [PMID: 21044675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 10/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bark extract of Pinus pinaster has a long history of ethnomedicinal use and is available commercially as herbal dietary supplement with proprietary name pycnogenol. It is used as a food supplement to overcome many degenerative disorders. Rohdewald (2002) wrote the first comprehensive review of extract highlighting its antioxidative nature and its role in different diseases. Later, Watson (2003) and Gulati (2005) in their reviews about cardiovascular health, described the extract as a best neutraceutical agent in this regard. The objective of this paper is to review the current research on this extract in terms of extraction methods, its pharmacological, toxicological and nutraceutical effects and clinical studies. Web sites of Google Scholar, Pubmed and Medline were searched for articles written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals from 2006 to 2009 and sixty-nine research articles were extracted. Of these, two are about extraction advancement and analysis while the rest relate to its clinical, biological and nutraceutical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alya Maimoona
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. alya
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48
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Karapandzova M, Stefkov G, Kulevanova S. Essential oils composition of Pinus peuce Griseb. (Pinaceae) growing on Pelister Mtn., Republic of Macedonia. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2011. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2010.56.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from needles, from branches without needles and from branches with needles of Pinus peuce Griseb. (Pinaceae) from Pelister Mtn. (R. Macedonia) was analyzed by GC/FID/MS. One hundred and seven components (40 monoterpenes, 37 sesquiterpenes, 9 diterpenes and 21 other components - aliphatic and cyclic hydrocarbons; aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, and acids; phenols and other oxygenated benzene derivates) were identified. The most abundant constituents were terpene hydrocarbons, encompassing the monoterpenes: α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene + β-phellandrene and bornyl acetate and the sesquiterpenes: trans (E)-caryophyllene and germacrene D.
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49
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Shen CZ, Jun HY, Choi SH, Kim YM, Jung EJ, Oh GS, Joo SJ, Kim SH, Kim IK. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities and Active Compounds Separated from Water Soluble Extracts of Korean Black Pine Barks. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.12.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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50
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Rubilar M, Gutiérrez C, Villarroel M, Shene C. Influencia de las condiciones de separación sobre la actividad antimicrobiana de fracciones polifenólicas de extractos de hoja de murta Influence of separation conditions on antimicrobial activity of polyphenolic fractions from murta leaves extract. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/19476330903274161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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