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Cagal MM, Taner G, Kalaycı S, Duman G. Enhanced antibacterial and genoprotective properties of nanoliposomal Satureja hortensis L. essential oil. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38835158 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2362180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Nanoliposomes are drug delivery systems that improve bioavailability by encapsulating therapeutic agents. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nanoliposomal (NL) formulation on enhancing the bioavailability of essential oil. The essential oil of Satureja hortensis (SHO) was encapsulated in nanoliposomes (SHNLs). Physicochemical characterizations of NL formulations (size, charge, polydispersity index [PDI]) were evaluated by dynamic light scattering technique. The nanoliposome encapsulation efficiency (EE) was calculated as 89.90%. The prepared bionanosystems demonstrated significant antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC as determined by the agar diffusion method and microdilution tests. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for SHNLs were found to be 5.187 µg/µL for E. coli and 2.59 µg/µL for both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Importantly, despite the lower substance content, both SHNLs and SHO exhibited comparable antibacterial activity against all tested strains. Furthermore, in order to determine the toxicity profile and possible effects on DNA damage or repair both the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of SHNLs were assessed using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) method in human lymphocyte cultures. The experimental data collectively indicate that the NL formulation of the S. hortensis essential oil enhances antibacterial activities and provides genoprotective effects against DNA damage. This highlights the significance of liposomal formulations of antioxidants in augmenting their biological activity. The results indicate that SHNLs can be a safe antibacterial agent for the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gokce Taner
- Department of Bioengineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sadık Kalaycı
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulengul Duman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Liu L, Fisher KD, Bussey WD. Comparison of Emulsion Stabilizers: Application for the Enhancement of the Bioactivity of Lemongrass Essential Oil. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:415. [PMID: 38337303 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent focus on cellulose nanomaterials, particularly biodegradable and biocompatible cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), has prompted their use as emulsion stabilizers. CNCs, when combined with salt, demonstrate enhanced emulsion stabilization. This study explored three emulsion stabilizers: Tween 80, soybean CNCs with salt (salted CNCs), and a combination of salted CNCs with Tween 80. Soybean CNCs, derived from soybean stover, were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Antifungal testing against Aspergillus flavus revealed increased bioactivity in all lemongrass essential oil (EO)-loaded emulsions compared to pure essential oil. In addition, all three emulsions exhibited a slight reduction in antifungal activity after 30 days of room temperature storage. The release experiment revealed that the EO-loaded nanoemulsion exhibited a slow-release profile. The nanoemulsion stabilized by salted CNCs and Tween 80 exhibited significantly lower release rates when compared to the nanoemulsion stabilized solely by Tween 80, attributed to the gel network formed by salted CNCs. The findings of this study highlight the efficacy of cellulose nanocrystals procured from soybean byproducts in conjunction with synthetic surfactants to create nanoencapsulated essential oils, resulting in improved antimicrobial efficacy and the achievement of sustained release properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liu
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Kaleb D Fisher
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - William D Bussey
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
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Liu L, Fisher KD, Friest MA, Gerard G. Characterization and Antifungal Activity of Lemongrass Essential Oil-Loaded Nanoemulsion Stabilized by Carboxylated Cellulose Nanofibrils and Surfactant. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3946. [PMID: 37835998 PMCID: PMC10575251 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose is an emerging green, biodegradable and biocompatible nanomaterial with negligible toxicities. In this study, a carboxylated nanocellulose (i.e., 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibril (TEMPO-CNF)) was prepared from corn stover and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Corn stover-derived TEMPO-CNF was explored as an emulsion co-stabilizer together with Tween 80 for lemongrass essential oil-loaded emulsions. Droplet size, phase behavior and thermodynamic stability of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by Tween 80 and TEMPO-CNF were investigated. The optimal nanoemulsion stabilized by this binary stabilizer could achieve a mean particle size of 19 nm, and it did not form any phase separation against centrifugal forces, freeze-thaw cycles and at least 30 days of room temperature storage. The nanoencapsulated essential oil had better inhibition activity against the mycelial growth of Aspergillus flavus than pure essential oil. Results from this study demonstrate the potential of using agricultural byproduct-derived nanomaterial as nanoemulsion stabilizers for essential oils with good emulsion thermodynamic stability as well as enhanced antifungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liu
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Kaleb D. Fisher
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Mason A. Friest
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA;
| | - Gina Gerard
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
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Ejaz A, Waliat S, Arshad MS, Khalid W, Khalid MZ, Rasul Suleria HA, Luca MI, Mironeasa C, Batariuc A, Ungureanu-Iuga M, Coţovanu I, Mironeasa S. A comprehensive review of summer savory ( Satureja hortensis L.): promising ingredient for production of functional foods. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1198970. [PMID: 37554989 PMCID: PMC10406440 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1198970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to measure the different aspects of summer savory including biological activity, medicinal properties, nutritional value, food application, prospective health benefits, and its use as an additive in broiler feed. Furthermore, toxicity related to this is also overviewed. Summer savory leaves are abundant in total phenolic compounds (rosmarinic acid and flavonoids) that have a powerful antioxidant impact. Rosmarinic (α-O-caffeoyl-3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactic) acid has been identified in summer savory as a main component. According to phytochemical investigations, tannins, volatile oils, sterols, acids, gums, pyrocatechol, phenolic compounds, mucilage, and pyrocatechol are the primary compounds of Satureja species. Summer savory extract shows considerable biological potential in antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial assays. Regarding antioxidant activity, summer savory extract displays an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. Summer savory also has Fe (III) reductive and free radical scavenging properties and contains minerals and vitamins. Summer savory has important biological properties, including antimicrobial activity and antioxidant activity, and protective effects against Jurkat T Cells, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, infection, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cholesterol. The leaves and stems of this plant are employed in the food, feed, and pharmacological industries due to their antioxidant properties and substantial nutritional content. Conclusively, summer savory is widely considered beneficial for human health due to its versatile properties and medicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Ejaz
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Waliat
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid Arshad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Marian-Ilie Luca
- Faculty of Food Engineering, “Ştefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Costel Mironeasa
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive and Robotics, “Ştefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Ana Batariuc
- Faculty of Food Engineering, “Ştefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Mădălina Ungureanu-Iuga
- Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control (MANSiD), “Ştefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Ionica Coţovanu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, “Ştefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Silvia Mironeasa
- Faculty of Food Engineering, “Ştefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
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Ebrahimi R, Fathi M, Ghoddusi HB. Nanoencapsulation of oregano essential oil using cellulose nanocrystals extracted from hazelnut shell to enhance shelf life of fruits: Case study: Pears. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124704. [PMID: 37146853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential application of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) extracted from an agricultural waste for encapsulation of oregano essential oil (OEO) and subsequently their use for coating to improve the shelf life of pears as a model. By hydrolyzing hazelnut shell cellulose under the optimum conditions, high crystalline CNCs with a zeta potential of -67.8 ± 4.4 mV and a diameter of 157 ± 10 nm were produced. Different concentrations of OEO (10-50 % w/w) were incorporated into CNCs and characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM. OEO containing 50 % CNC with the highest EE and LC was selected for coating. Pears were coated with gluten containing 0.5, 1.5 and 2 % encapsulated OEO (EOEO) and pure OEO and stored for 28 days. Physicochemical, microbial and sensory properties of the pears were examined. Microbial analysis showed that EOEO2% was more effective in controlling microbial growth than controls and pure OEO, and a 1.09 Log reduction in bacterial count was recorded on day 28 of storage when compared to control. It was concluded that CNCs produced from an agricultural waste and loaded on an essential oil could be used to extend the shelf life of pear and potentially other fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Ebrahimi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Milad Fathi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Hamid B Ghoddusi
- Microbiology Research Unit (MRU), School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London, UK
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Sharma K, Munjal M, Sharma RK, Sharma M. Thymol encapsulated chitosan-Aloe vera films for antimicrobial infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123897. [PMID: 36870638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is an extremely intricate process involving various potential factors that can contribute towards delayed healing, one of them being bacterial colonization. The current research addresses this issue through the development of herbal antimicrobial films that can be stripped off easily, formed using an essential oil component thymol, biopolymer chitosan, and herbal plant Aloe vera. In comparison to the conventionally used nanoemulsions, thymol encapsulated in chitosan-Aloe vera (CA) film exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (95.3 %) with alleviated physical stability, as established using a high zeta potential value. The pronounced loss of crystallinity, validated using X-ray diffractometry, combined with the results obtained from Infrared and Fluorescence spectroscopic analysis, confirmed the encapsulation of thymol in CA matrix through hydrophobic interactions. This encapsulation increases the spaces between biopolymer chains facilitating greater intrusion of water, conducive for preventing the possibility of bacterial infection. Antimicrobial activity was tested against various pathogenic microbes such as Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Candida. Results showed potential antimicrobial activity in the prepared films. Release test was also run at 25 °C suggesting a two-step biphasic release mechanism. The encapsulated thymol had higher biological activity, as assessed by antioxidant DPPH assay, likely due to improved dispersibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sharma
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mehak Munjal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | | | - Meenakshi Sharma
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Zheng L, Guo H, Zhu M, Xie L, Jin J, Korma SA, Jin Q, Wang X, Cacciotti I. Intrinsic properties and extrinsic factors of food matrix system affecting the effectiveness of essential oils in foods: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-34. [PMID: 36861257 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2184767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have been proved as natural food preservatives because of their effective and wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity. They have been extensively explored for potential applications in food industry, and substantial progresses have been achieved. However well EOs perform in antibacterial tests in vitro, it has generally been found that a higher level of EOs is needed to achieve the same effect in foods. Nevertheless, this unsimilar effect has not been clearly quantified and elaborated, as well as the underlying mechanisms. This review highlights the influence of intrinsic properties (e.g., oils and fats, carbohydrates, proteins, pH, physical structure, water, and salt) and extrinsic factors (e.g., temperature, bacteria characteristics, and packaging in vacuum/gas/air) of food matrix systems on EOs action. Controversy findings and possible mechanism hypotheses are also systematically discussed. Furthermore, the organoleptic aspects of EOs in foods and promising strategies to address this hurdle are reviewed. Finally, some considerations about the EOs safety are presented, as well as the future trends and research prospects of EOs applications in foods. The present review aims to fill the evidenced gap, providing a comprehensive overview about the influence of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors of food matrix systems to efficiently orientate EOs applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyou Zheng
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Zhu
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Xie
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Sameh A Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ilaria Cacciotti
- Department of Engineering, INSTM RU, University of Rome "Niccolò Cusano", Roma, Italy
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Souri P, Emamifar A, Davati N. Physical and Antimicrobial Properties of Nano-ZnO-loaded Nanoliposomes Prepared by Thin Layer Hydration-Sonication and Heating Methods. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-023-03032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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9
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Storage stability, heat stability, controlled release and antifungal activity of liposomes as alternative fungal preservation agents. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sarropoulou V, Paloukopoulou C, Karioti A, Maloupa E, Grigoriadou K. Rosmarinic Acid Production from Origanum dictamnus L. Root Liquid Cultures In Vitro. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:299. [PMID: 36679010 PMCID: PMC9864065 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present work Origanum dictamnus L. was studied as a suitable in vitro adventitious root culture system for the production of important bioactive molecules, such as rosmarinic acid (RA). Callus culture was initiated from leaf, petiole and root explants on solid MS medium supplemented with either 5 μM NAA + 5 μM kinetin (ODK3) or 5 μM NAA + 0.5 μM kinetin (ODK4). New roots formed from leaf, petiole and root calluses were aseptically transferred into Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 mL liquid medium and shaken at 120 rpm in the dark. The liquid medium used was the MS supplemented either with 35 μM IBA + 2.5 μM kinetin (ODY1) or 5 μM NAA + 0.5 μM kinetin (ODY2). Biomass production parameters, RA content (%) and yield index (YI) were recorded for each treatment explant type, medium composition and incubation period. Results showed, in every case, the production of RA in vitro. Between the two liquid media (ODY1, ODY2) and the different culture periods, the ODY1 medium and the longest 200-day-culture period were more effective for RA and biomass production, regardless of the initial explant type used. The combination of ODK4-ODY1 resulted in higher RA (5.1% and 4.7%), fresh biomass production (19.0 g and 11.6 g), mean YI (93.7 mg and 51.4 mg) and YI per explant (3.75 mg and 2.06 mg) for roots derived from leaf calluses and root calluses, respectively. However, the solid ODK3 (200 days)-liquid ODY1 (40 days) transition treatment was more beneficial for roots derived from petiole calluses leading to an 18.8-fold increase in fresh biomass growth rate. RA accumulation and YIs were also significantly influenced by explant type, with the highest value produced from root petiole calluses (6.6% RA dry weight, 115.3 mg mean YI and 4.61 mg YI per explant) after 240 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Sarropoulou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charikleia Paloukopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Karioti
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Maloupa
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Grigoriadou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Yadav H, Mahalvar A, Pradhan M, Yadav K, Kumar Sahu K, Yadav R. Exploring the potential of phytochemicals and nanomaterial: a boon to antimicrobial treatment. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2023.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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12
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Carvacrol encapsulation into nanoparticles produced from chia and flaxseed mucilage: Characterization, stability and antimicrobial activity against Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes. Food Microbiol 2022; 108:104116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Nano-technology platforms to increase the antibacterial drug suitability of essential oils: A drug prospective assessment. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Controlled Release of Thymol by Cyclodextrin Metal-Organic Frameworks for Preservation of Cherry Tomatoes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233818. [PMID: 36496626 PMCID: PMC9737142 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymol is a phenol monoterpene with potential antifungal, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Due to the low water solubility and high volatility of thymol, encapsulation serves as an effective tool during application. In the present study, cyclodextrin (CD)-based metal-organic-frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized using α-CD, β-CD, and γ-CD as organic building blocks, and further complexed with thymol to produce three CD-MOF-THY inclusion complexes (ICs). The encapsulation content, release kinetics and fruit preservation effect of ICs were analyzed. Results showed that thymol was well embedded in γ-CD-MOFs, with the highest encapsulation content of 286.7 ± 8.4 mg/g. Release kinetics revealed that CD-MOFs exhibited a controlled release effect toward thymol for 35 days. The release kinetics of three ICs fit the Rigter-Peppas model well, with γ-CD-MOF-THY showing the lowest release rate constant of 2.85 at 50 °C, RH 75%. Moreover, γ-CD-MOF-THY exhibited a remarkable preservation performance on cherry tomatoes with the lowest decay index (18.75%) and weight loss (5.17%) after 15 days of storage, suggesting this material as a potential fresh-keeping material for fruit and vegetable preservation.
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Zamani E, Ahmadi Shad A, Fatemi H, Mahboubi S, Motavallian A, Evazalipour M. Assessment of Protective Effects of Carvacrol on Haloperidol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes. J Toxicol 2022; 2022:9565881. [PMID: 36329925 PMCID: PMC9626238 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9565881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic drug that has several indications in a wide range of mental conditions. The extensive prescription of haloperidol is correlated with some less-known adverse effects such as genotoxicity. Carvacrol is a monoterpenoid mainly found in oregano and thyme. It has the potential to scavenge free radicals in addition to increasing antioxidant defense enzyme activities and glutathione levels. In this study, we attempted to explore the possible potential of haloperidol in inducing genotoxicity in human peripheral lymphocytes as well as the protective role of carvacrol against this effect. The lymphocytes were divided into separate groups as follows: control group (cosolvent and NS); carvacrol group (5 μM); haloperidol group (25, 50, and 100 ng/ml); haloperidol (25, 50, and 100 ng/ml) + carvacrol (5 μM); positive control (0.8 μg/ml Cisplatin). After 24 hours of treatment, we conducted a cytokinesis-Block micronucleus test and an alkaline comet assay in order to determine genetic damage. Additionally, we measured glutathione and MDA levels as the biomarkers associated with oxidative stress. Significant increases in the levels of genotoxicity biomarkers (micronucleus frequency, DNA percentage in tail and tail moment) were observed in haloperidol-treated cells. The result of our oxidative stress tests also demonstrated that haloperidol had the potential to induce oxidative stress via reducing the levels of glutathione and increasing lipid peroxidation. Treatment with carvacrol significantly decreased the genotoxic events. It can be presumed that the induction of oxidative stress by haloperidol is the critical event associated with haloperidol-mediated genotoxicity. Therefore, using carvacrol as a natural antioxidant protected human lymphocytes against haloperidol genetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Zamani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Ahmadi Shad
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hediye Fatemi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saba Mahboubi
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Azadeh Motavallian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mehdi Evazalipour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Lakache Z, Hacib H, Aliboudhar H, Toumi M, Mahdid M, Lamrani N, Tounssi H, Kameli A. Chemical composition, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and toxicityactivities, of the essential oil of <em>Fortunella margarita</em> peels. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH - BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ ITALIANA DI BIOLOGIA SPERIMENTALE 2022. [DOI: 10.4081/jbr.2022.10641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the principal components of the essential oil extracted from Fortunella margarita peels via hydrodistillation and to evaluate in vitro its anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and toxicity properties. Among the detected compounds were limonene, D-germacrene, β-myrcene, and α-pinene. Method of inhibiting the denaturation of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was utilized to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of Fortunella margarita. At a concentration of 400g/mL, a high anti-inflammatory effect was observed. The percentage of BSA protection against heat increased with increasing concentration. Also, the evaluation of antidiabetic activity by glucose uptake by yeast cells revealed that Fortunella margarita was more effective than the standard drug novoformine in the presence of 5 mM glucose. The antioxidant potential of the essential oil was evaluated using the DPPH free radical scavenging, reducing power and β-carotene/linoleic acid tests, where the essential oil had much lower antioxidant activity. A bioassay on the lethality of brine shrimp was conducted to determine the toxicity of the essential oil. The study reveals that the essential oil is a possible source of important bioactive compounds and that its constituents may exhibit synergistic effects. Our findings suggest that the essential oil from Fortunella margarita could be used in the future as a substitute for synthetic anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agents with potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Fernandes MJG, Pereira RB, Rodrigues ARO, Vieira TF, Fortes AG, Pereira DM, Sousa SF, Gonçalves MST, Castanheira EMS. Liposomal Formulations Loaded with a Eugenol Derivative for Application as Insecticides: Encapsulation Studies and In Silico Identification of Protein Targets. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3583. [PMID: 36296773 PMCID: PMC9611868 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A recently synthesized new eugenol derivative, ethyl 4-(2-methoxy-4-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)phenoxy)butanoate, with a high insecticidal activity against Sf9 (Spodoptera frugiperda) insect cells, was encapsulated in the liposomal formulations of egg-phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol (Egg-PC:Ch) 70:30 and 100% dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG), aiming at the future application as insecticides. Compound-loaded DOPG liposomes have sizes of 274 ± 12 nm, while Egg-PC:Ch liposomes exhibit smaller hydrodynamic diameters (69.5 ± 7 nm), high encapsulation efficiency (88.8 ± 2.7%), higher stability, and a more efficient compound release, thus, they were chosen for assays in Sf9 insect cells. The compound elicited a loss of cell viability up to 80% after 72 h of incubation. Relevantly, nanoencapsulation maintained the toxicity of the compound toward insect cells while lowering the toxicity toward human cells, thus showing the selectivity of the system. Structure-based inverted virtual screening was used to predict the most likely targets and molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations were used to demonstrate that this molecule can form a stable complex with insect odorant binding proteins and/or acetylcholinesterase. The results are promising for the future application of compound-loaded nanoliposome formulations as crop insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José G. Fernandes
- Centre of Chemistry (CQUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Renato B. Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita O. Rodrigues
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory LaPMET, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Tatiana F. Vieira
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM—Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - A. Gil Fortes
- Centre of Chemistry (CQUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - David M. Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sérgio F. Sousa
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM—Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Sameiro T. Gonçalves
- Centre of Chemistry (CQUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Elisabete M. S. Castanheira
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory LaPMET, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Lactobacillus buchneri S-layer protein-coated liposomes loaded with β-cyclodextrin–carvacrol inclusion complexes for the enhancement of antibacterial effect. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Souza RLD, Dantas AGB, Melo CDO, Felício IM, Oliveira EE. Nanotechnology as a tool to improve the biological activity of carvacrol: A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Becer E, Mutlu Altundag E, Başer KHC, Vatansever HS. Cytotoxic activity and antioxidant effects of Origanum onites essential oil and its two major contents, carvacrol and p-cymene on human colorectal (HCT116) and hepatocelluler carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2107101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Becer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Ergül Mutlu Altundag
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Turkey
| | - K. Hüsnü Can Başer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Hafize Seda Vatansever
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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21
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Negi A, Kesari KK. Chitosan Nanoparticle Encapsulation of Antibacterial Essential Oils. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081265. [PMID: 36014186 PMCID: PMC9415589 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is the most suitable encapsulation polymer because of its natural abundance, biodegradability, and surface functional groups in the form of free NH2 groups. The presence of NH2 groups allows for the facile grafting of functionalized molecules onto the chitosan surface, resulting in multifunctional materialistic applications. Quaternization of chitosan's free amino is one of the typical chemical modifications commonly achieved under acidic conditions. This quaternization improves its ionic character, making it ready for ionic-ionic surface modification. Although the cationic nature of chitosan alone exhibits antibacterial activity because of its interaction with negatively-charged bacterial membranes, the nanoscale size of chitosan further amplifies its antibiofilm activity. Additionally, the researcher used chitosan nanoparticles as polymeric materials to encapsulate antibiofilm agents (such as antibiotics and natural phytochemicals), serving as an excellent strategy to combat biofilm-based secondary infections. This paper provided a summary of available carbohydrate-based biopolymers as antibiofilm materials. Furthermore, the paper focuses on chitosan nanoparticle-based encapsulation of basil essential oil (Ocimum basilicum), mandarin essential oil (Citrus reticulata), Carum copticum essential oil ("Ajwain"), dill plant seed essential oil (Anethum graveolens), peppermint oil (Mentha piperita), green tea oil (Camellia sinensis), cardamom essential oil, clove essential oil (Eugenia caryophyllata), cumin seed essential oil (Cuminum cyminum), lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon commutatus), summer savory essential oil (Satureja hortensis), thyme essential oil, cinnamomum essential oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), and nettle essential oil (Urtica dioica). Additionally, chitosan nanoparticles are used for the encapsulation of the major essential components carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde, the encapsulation of an oil-in-water nanoemulsion of eucalyptus oil (Eucalyptus globulus), the encapsulation of a mandarin essential oil nanoemulsion, and the electrospinning nanofiber of collagen hydrolysate-chitosan with lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) and dill (Anethum graveolens) essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Negi
- Department of Bioproduct and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Correspondence: or (A.N.); or (K.K.K.)
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Bioproduct and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Correspondence: or (A.N.); or (K.K.K.)
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Azevedo SG, Rocha ALF, de Aguiar Nunes RZ, da Costa Pinto C, Ţălu Ş, da Fonseca Filho HD, de Araújo Bezerra J, Lima AR, Guimarães FEG, Campelo PH, Bagnato VS, Inada NM, Sanches EA. Pulsatile Controlled Release and Stability Evaluation of Polymeric Particles Containing Piper nigrum Essential Oil and Preservatives. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5415. [PMID: 35955350 PMCID: PMC9369902 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Considerable efforts have been spent on environmentally friendly particles for the encapsulation of essential oils. Polymeric particles were developed to encapsulate the essential oil from Piper nigrum based on gelatin and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) carriers. Gas Chromatography ((Flame Ionization Detection (GC/FID) and Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy were used for the full colloidal system characterization. The essential oil was mainly composed of β-caryophyllene (~35%). The stability of the encapsulated systems was evaluated by Encapsulation Efficiency (EE%), electrical conductivity, turbidity, pH, and organoleptic properties (color and odor) after adding different preservatives. The mixture of phenoxyethanol/isotialzoni-3-one (PNE system) resulted in enhanced stability of approximately 120 and 210 days under constant handling and shelf-life tests, respectively. The developed polymeric system presented a similar controlled release in acidic, neutral, or basic pH, and the release curves suggested a pulsatile release mechanism due to a complexation of essential oil in the PCL matrix. Our results showed that the developed system has potential as an alternative stable product and as a controlling agent, due to the pronounced bioactivity of the encapsulated essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Gomes Azevedo
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Polymers (NANOPOL), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PPGQ), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa Farias Rocha
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Polymers (NANOPOL), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
| | - Ronald Zico de Aguiar Nunes
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Polymers (NANOPOL), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
| | - Camila da Costa Pinto
- Graduate Program in Physics (PPGFIS), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
| | - Ştefan Ţălu
- The Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 15 Constantin Daicoviciu St., 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania
| | - Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physics (PPGFIS), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials Synthesis and Nanoscopy (LSNN), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline de Araújo Bezerra
- Analytical Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas (IFAM), Manaus 69020-120, AM, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Ramos Lima
- São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13563-120, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Henrique Campelo
- Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
- São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13563-120, SP, Brazil
- Hagler Institute for Advanced Studies, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3572, USA
| | - Natalia Mayumi Inada
- São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13563-120, SP, Brazil
| | - Edgar Aparecido Sanches
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Polymers (NANOPOL), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PPGQ), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physics (PPGFIS), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
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23
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Al-Ogaidi I, Aguilar ZP, Lay JO. Development of Biodegradable/Biocompatible Nanoliposome-Encapsulated Antimicrobial Essential Oils for Topical Creams and Gels. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23875-23889. [PMID: 35847299 PMCID: PMC9281311 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoencapsulation with safe materials improves delivery, stability, and activity of bioactive components. We report a novel safe, and effective method for the development of encapsulated antimicrobial essential oils (EO) for topical creams and gels. The method developed features three aspects that, to our knowledge, had not been previously demonstrated: (1) use of novel liposomes (LPs) to encapsulate EOs, (2) use of the EOs to replace synthetic organic solvents that are potentially toxic and/or leave harmful residues, and (3) an encapsulation process at temperatures below the boiling point of water. The LPs were made from soy lecithin, phytosterol, and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) that were synthesized using the EOs as the solvent. The liposomes were converted to nanoliposomes (NLPs) through a series of sonication, homogenization, and extrusion steps. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the NLPs alone and nanoliposome encapsulated EOs (NLP-EOs) were spherical in shape with sizes ranging between 50 and 115 nm diameter and with negative zeta potentials ranging from -34 to -43 mV. There was no significant heavy metal contamination [As, Pb, Cd, Hg] based on inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry MS analyses. Nearly complete EO encapsulation (95% encapsulation efficiency) was achieved and confirmed by GC/MS. Three of the NLP-EOs made of various essential oils were used to make topical formulations (cream and gel) which exhibited antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Bacillus subtilis (Gram positive) bacteria. The creams with NLP-EOs were as active against the two bacteria in the antimicrobial assays as the conventional antibiotic Kanamycin that was used as positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Al-Ogaidi
- Department
of Biotechnology, College of Science, University
of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq
- Arkansas
Statewide Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | | | - Jackson O. Lay
- Arkansas
Statewide Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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24
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Mechmechani S, Gharsallaoui A, Fadel A, El Omari K, Khelissa S, Hamze M, Chihib NE. Microencapsulation of carvacrol as an efficient tool to fight Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270200. [PMID: 35776742 PMCID: PMC9249205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are involved in serious problems in medical and food sectors due to their contribution to numerous severe chronic infections and foodborne diseases. The high resistance of biofilms to antimicrobial agents makes their removal as a big challenge. In this study, spray-drying was used to develop microcapsules containing carvacrol, a natural antimicrobial agent, to enhance its activity against P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis biofilms. The physicochemical properties and microscopic morphology of the realized capsules and cells were characterized. The minimum inhibitory concentration of encapsulated carvacrol (E-CARV) (1.25 mg mL-1) was 4-times lower than that of free carvacrol (F-CARV) (5 mg mL-1) against P. aeruginosa, while it remained the same against E. faecalis (0.625 mg mL-1). E-CARV was able to reduce biofilm below the detection limit for P. aeruginosa and by 5.5 log CFU ml-1 for E. faecalis after 15 min of treatment. Results also showed that F-CARV and E-CARV destabilize the bacterial cell membrane leading to cell death. These results indicate that carvacrol exhibited a strong antimicrobial effect against both bacterial biofilms. In addition, spray-drying could be used as an effective tool to enhance the antibiofilm activity of carvacrol, while reducing the concentrations required for disinfection of abiotic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Mechmechani
- University Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207—UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Faculty of Public Health, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Adem Gharsallaoui
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexandre Fadel
- University Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Université d’Artois, FR 2638 –IMEC -Institut Michel-Eugene Chevreul, Lille, France
| | - Khaled El Omari
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Faculty of Public Health, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Quality Control Center Laboratories at the Chamber of Commerce, Industry & Agriculture of Tripoli & North Lebanon, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Simon Khelissa
- University Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207—UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Faculty of Public Health, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Nour-Eddine Chihib
- University Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207—UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
- * E-mail:
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Advancements in Skin Delivery of Natural Bioactive Products for Wound Management: A Brief Review of Two Decades. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051072. [PMID: 35631658 PMCID: PMC9143175 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of modern delivery techniques to natural bioactive products improves their permeability, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy. Many natural products have desirable biological properties applicable to wound healing but are limited by their inability to cross the stratum corneum to access the wound. Over the past two decades, modern systems such as microneedles, lipid-based vesicles, hydrogels, composite dressings, and responsive formulations have been applied to natural products such as curcumin or aloe vera to improve their delivery and efficacy. This article reviews which natural products and techniques have been formulated together in the past two decades and the success of these applications for wound healing. Many cultures prefer natural-product-based traditional therapies which are often cheaper and more available than their synthetic counterparts. Improving natural products’ effect can provide novel wound-healing therapies for those who trust traditional compounds over synthetic drugs to reduce medical inequalities.
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Cometa S, Bonifacio MA, Bellissimo A, Pinto L, Petrella A, De Vietro N, Iannaccone G, Baruzzi F, De Giglio E. A green approach to develop zeolite-thymol antimicrobial composites: analytical characterization and antimicrobial activity evaluation. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09551. [PMID: 35663747 PMCID: PMC9160486 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the development, analytical characterization and bioactivity of zeolite-thymol composites, obtained using wet, semi-dry and dry processes, were carried out in order to obtain sustainable and powerful antimicrobial additives. FT-IR, XRD, DSC, TGA, SEM and B.E.T. analyses were carried out to gain comprehensive information on the chemical-physical, thermal, and morphological features of the composites. GC-MS analyses allowed quantifying the active molecule loaded in the zeolite, released by the functionalized composites and its stability over time. Among the three procedures, the dry approach allowed to reach the highest thymol loading content and efficiency (49.8 ± 1.6% and 99.6 ± 1.2%, respectively), as well as the highest composite specific surface area value, feature which promises the best interaction between the surface of the composite and the bacterial population. Therefore, the bioactive surface of composites obtained by this solvent-free method was assayed for its antimicrobial activity against four microbial strains belonging to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans species. The higher antimicrobial activity produced by the solvent-free composite in comparison with that of pure thymol, at the same thymol concentration, was ascribed to the large interfacial contact between the composite and the bacterial target. This feature, together with its enhanced storage stability, suggested that this composite could be employed as effective additives for the development of antimicrobial biointerfaces for food, home and personal care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria A Bonifacio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.,INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121, Florence Italy
| | | | - Loris Pinto
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Petrella
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Nicoletta De Vietro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Federico Baruzzi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.,INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121, Florence Italy
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Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Essential Oil Ingredients Associated with Hyperbranched Polymer Drug Carriers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091762. [PMID: 35566930 PMCID: PMC9105242 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Our work concerns the study of four candidate drug compounds of the terpenoid family, found as essential oil ingredients in species of the Greek endemic flora, namely carvacrol, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, and thymol, via the simulation method of molecular dynamics. Aquatic solutions of each compound, as well as a solution of all four together in realistic (experimental) proportions, are simulated at atmospheric pressure and 37 °C using an OPLS force field combined with TIP3P water. As verified, all four compounds exhibit a strong tendency to phase-separate, thereby calling for the use of carrier molecules as aids for the drug to circulate in the blood and enter the cells. Systems of two such carrier molecules, the hyperbranched poly(ethylene imine) (HBPEI) polyelectrolyte and hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG), are examined in mixtures with carvacrol, the most abundant among the four compounds, at a range of concentrations, as well as with all four compounds present in natural proportions. Although a tendency of the terpenoids to cluster separately persists at high concentrations, promising association effects are observed for all drug–polymer ratios. HBPEI systems tend to form diffuse structures comprising small mixed clusters as well as freely floating polymer and essential oil molecules, a finding attributed to the polymer–polymer electrostatic repulsions, which here are only partially screened by the counterions. On the other hand, the electrically neutral HPG molecules cluster together with essential oil species to form a single nanodroplet. Currently, terpenoid–polymer clusters near lipid bilayer membranes are being studied to determine the propensity of the formed complexes to enter cell membranes.
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28
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Microencapsulation of Natural Food Antimicrobials: Methods and Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12083837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The global demand for safe and healthy food with minimal synthetic preservatives is continuously increasing. Some natural food antimicrobials with strong antimicrobial activity and low toxicity have been considered as alternatives for current commercial food preservatives. Nonetheless, these natural food antimicrobials are hardly applied directly to food products due to issues such as food flavor or bioavailability. Recent advances in microencapsulation technology have the potential to provide stable systems for these natural antibacterials, which can then be used directly in food matrices. In this review, we focus on the application of encapsulated natural antimicrobial agents, such as essential oils, plant extracts, bacteriocins, etc., as potential food preservatives to extend the shelf-life of food products. The advantages and drawbacks of the mainly used encapsulation methods, such as molecular inclusion, spray drying, coacervation, emulsification, supercritical antisolvent precipitation and liposome and alginate microbeads, are discussed. Meanwhile, the main current applications of encapsulated antimicrobials in various food products, such as meat, dairy and cereal products for controlling microbial growth, are presented.
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Nanoliposomes Containing Carvacrol and Carvacrol-Rich Essential Oils as Effective Mosquitoes Larvicides. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-00971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Fatima K, Luqman S, Meena A. Carvacrol Arrests the Proliferation of Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells by Suppressing Ornithine Decarboxylase and Hyaluronidase Activities. Front Nutr 2022; 9:857256. [PMID: 35464036 PMCID: PMC9028219 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.857256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvacrol, a monoterpene known for its pharmacological activities, is present in the essential oil of Origanum majorana, Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, and Lippia graveolens. It is used in food as a flavoring and preservative agent in cosmetics and medicines because of its useful bioactivities in clinical practice. However, carvacrol was not much explored for its anticancer potential. Targeting enzymes involved in carcinogenesis, such as ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5), and hyaluronidase (HYAL) by monoterpenes are amongst the efficient approaches for cancer prevention and treatment. In this study, the efficacy of carvacrol was investigated against deregulated cancer biomarkers/targets in organ-specific human cancer cell lines (FaDu, K562, and A549) utilizing in vitro, in silico, and in vivo approaches. The efficacy of carvacrol was evaluated on human cancer cell lines using neutral red uptake (NRU), sulpho rhodamine B (SRB), and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. The mechanistic study was carried out in cell-based test systems. Further, the potency of carvacrol was confirmed by the quantitative real-time PCR analysis and molecular docking studies. The in vivo anti-tumor potential of carvacrol was performed on mice S-180 model, and the toxicity examination was accomplished through in silico approach. Carvacrol significantly impeded the growth of FaDu, K562, and A549 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.61 ± 0.05 to 81.32 ± 11.83 μM. Further, the efficacy of carvacrol was explored against different cancer targets in FaDu, K562, and A549 cell lines. Carvacrol inhibits the ODC, COX-2, LOX-5, and HYAL activities in FaDu cell line and ODC, COX-2, and HYAL activities in K562 cell line. The results were validated by expression analysis revealing the downregulation of the targeted gene with a significant change in the transcript level of ODC and HYAL in FaDu cell line with a fold change of 1.56 and 1.61, respectively. A non-significant effect of carvacrol was observed on the downstream signaling pathway of PI3K and HIF-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in FaDu cells. The cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) experiments demonstrate that carvacrol induces apoptosis of FaDu cells. Further, the potency of carvacrol was also evaluated in vivo on mice S-180 tumor model, wherein it inhibits tumor growth (72%) at 75 mg/kg body weight (bw). ADMET studies predicted carvacrol as a safe molecule. Overall, carvacrol delayed the growth of FaDu, K562, and A549 cell lines by targeting enzymes involved in the carcinogenesis process. The existence of one hydroxyl group at the para position of carvacrol could be responsible for the anti-proliferative activity. Thus, carvacrol could be used as a pharmacophore to develop a safe and effective multi-targeted anti-cancer medicament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaneez Fatima
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- *Correspondence: Suaib Luqman
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Caamaño K, Heras-Mozos R, Calbo J, Díaz JC, Waerenborgh JC, Vieira BJC, Hernández-Muñoz P, Gavara R, Giménez-Marqués M. Exploiting the Redox Activity of MIL-100(Fe) Carrier Enables Prolonged Carvacrol Antimicrobial Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10758-10768. [PMID: 35179870 PMCID: PMC8895383 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The design of efficient food contact materials that maintain optimal levels of food safety is of paramount relevance to reduce the increasing number of foodborne illnesses. In this work, we develop a smart composite metal-organic framework (MOF)-based material that fosters a unique prolonged antibacterial activity. The composite is obtained by entrapping a natural food preserving molecule, carvacrol, into a mesoporous MIL-100(Fe) material following a direct and biocompatible impregnation method, and obtaining particularly high payloads. By exploiting the intrinsic redox nature of the MIL-100(Fe) material, it is possible to achieve a prolonged activity against Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua due to a triggered two-step carvacrol release from films containing the carvacrol@MOF composite. Essentially, it was discovered that based on the underlying chemical interaction between MIL-100(Fe) and carvacrol, it is possible to undergo a reversible charge-transfer process between the metallic MOF counterpart and carvacrol upon certain chemical stimuli. During this process, the preferred carvacrol binding site was monitored by infrared, Mössbauer, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies, and the results are supported by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Caamaño
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Raquel Heras-Mozos
- Instituto
de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino
7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Jesús Cases Díaz
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - João C. Waerenborgh
- C2TN,
DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, EN10, P-2695-066 Bobadela
LRS, Portugal
| | - Bruno J. C. Vieira
- C2TN,
DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, EN10, P-2695-066 Bobadela
LRS, Portugal
| | - Pilar Hernández-Muñoz
- Instituto
de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino
7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Rafael Gavara
- Instituto
de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino
7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Mónica Giménez-Marqués
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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Enhanced Bioactivity of Pomegranate Peel Extract following Controlled Release from CaCO3 Nanocrystals. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:6341298. [PMID: 35190732 PMCID: PMC8858070 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6341298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate peel extract is rich of interesting bioactive chemicals, principally phenolic compounds, which have shown antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidative properties. The aim of this work was to improve extract’ bioactivity through the adsorption on calcium carbonate nanocrystals. Nanocrystals revealed as efficient tools for extract adsorption reaching 50% of loading efficiency. Controlled release of the contained metabolites under acidic pH has been found, as it was confirmed by quantitative assay and qualitative study through NMR analysis. Specific functionality of inorganic nanocarriers could be also tuned by biopolymeric coating. The resulting coated nanoformulations showed a great antimicrobial activity against B. cinerea fungus preventing strawberries disease better than a commercial fungicide. Furthermore, nanoformulations demonstrated a good antiproliferative activity in neuroblastoma and breast cancer cells carrying out a higher cytotoxic effect respect to free extract, confirming a crucial role of nanocarriers. Finally, pomegranate peel extract showed a very high radical scavenging ability, equal to ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity, measured also in intracellular environment, highlighted a protective action of extract-adsorbed nanocrystals twice than free extract, providing a possible application for new nutraceutical formulations.
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Sreelatha S, Kumar N, Yin TS, Rajani S. Evaluating the Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Thymol-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Plant Bacterial Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:792737. [PMID: 35095804 PMCID: PMC8795685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.792737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) causes black rot disease in cruciferous crops, resulting in severe yield loss worldwide. The excessive use of chemical pesticides in agriculture to control diseases has raised significant concern about the impact on the environment and human health. Nanoparticles have recently gained significant attention in agriculture owing to their promising application in plant disease control, increasing soil fertility and nutrient availability. In the current study, we synthesized thymol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (TCNPs) and assessed their antibacterial activity against Xcc. The synthesis of TCNPs was confirmed by using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the functional groups, size, and shape of TCNPs, with sizes ranging from 54 to 250 nm, respectively. The antibacterial activity of TCNPs against Xcc was investigated in vitro by liquid broth, cell viability, and live dead staining assay, and all of them demonstrated the antibacterial activity of TCNPs. Furthermore, TCNPs were found to directly inhibit the growth of Xcc by suppressing the growth of biofilm formation and the production of exopolysaccharides and xanthomonadin. The ultrastructure studies revealed membrane damage in TCNP-treated Xcc cells, causing a release of intracellular contents. Headspace/gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS) analysis showed changes in the volatile profile of Xcc cells treated with TCNPs. Increased amounts of carbonyl components (mainly ketones) and production of new volatile metabolites were observed in Xcc cells incubated with TCNPs. Overall, this study reveals TCNPs as a promising antibacterial candidate against Xcc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarangapani Sreelatha
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nadimuthu Kumar
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tan Si Yin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarojam Rajani
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Sarojam Rajani,
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Corrado I, Di Girolamo R, Regalado-González C, Pezzella C. Polyhydroxyalkanoates-Based Nanoparticles as Essential Oil Carriers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14010166. [PMID: 35012189 PMCID: PMC8747694 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived essential oils (EOs) represent a green alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents in food preservation. Due to their volatility and instability, their application is dependent on the development of efficient encapsulation strategies allowing their protection and release control. Encapsulation in Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-based nanoparticles (NPs) addresses this challenge, providing a biodegradable and biobased material whose delivery properties can be tuned by varying polymer composition. In this work, EO from Mexican oregano was efficiently encapsulated in Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyhexanoate (PHB-HHx)-based NPs by solvent evaporation technique achieving high encapsulation efficiency, (>60%) and loading capacity, (about 50%). The obtained NPs displayed a regular distribution with a size range of 150–210 nm. In vitro release studies in food simulant media were fitted with the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, indicating diffusion as the main factor controlling the release. The cumulative release was affected by the polymer composition, possibly related to the more amorphous nature of the copolymer, as confirmed by WAXS and DSC analyses. Both the EO-loaded nanosystems displayed antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus, with PHB-HHx-based NPs being even more effective than the pure EO. The results open the way to the effective exploitation of the developed nanosystems in active packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Corrado
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (I.C.); (R.D.G.)
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (I.C.); (R.D.G.)
| | - Carlos Regalado-González
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Col. Las Campanas, Queretaro 76010, Mexico;
| | - Cinzia Pezzella
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Ben-Fadhel Y, Maherani B, Salmieri S, Lacroix M. Preparation and characterization of natural extracts-loaded food grade nanoliposomes. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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36
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Ilić-Pajić J, Radović I, Grozdanić N, Stajić-Trošić J, Kijevčanin M. Volumetric and thermodynamic properties of binary mixtures of p-cymene with α-pinene, limonene and citral at atmospheric pressure and temperatures up to 323.15 K. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Singla RK, He X, Chopra H, Tsagkaris C, Shen L, Kamal MA, Shen B. Natural Products for the Prevention and Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sustainable Bioresources. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:758159. [PMID: 34925017 PMCID: PMC8671886 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.758159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The world has been unprecedentedly hit by a global pandemic which broke the record of deadly pandemics that faced humanity ever since its existence. Even kids are well-versed in the terminologies and basics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 now. The vaccination program has been successfully launched in various countries, given that the huge global population of concern is still far behind to be vaccinated. Furthermore, the scarcity of any potential drug against the COVID-19-causing virus forces scientists and clinicians to search for alternative and complementary medicines on a war-footing basis. Aims and Objectives: The present review aims to cover and analyze the etiology and epidemiology of COVID-19, the role of intestinal microbiota and pro-inflammatory markers, and most importantly, the natural products to combat this deadly SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methods: A primary literature search was conducted through PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. Natural products were searched from January 2020 to November 2020. No timeline limit has been imposed on the search for the biological sources of those phytochemicals. Interactive mapping has been done to analyze the multi-modal and multi-target sources. Results and Discussion: The intestinal microbiota and the pro-inflammatory markers that can serve the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 were discussed. The literature search resulted in yielding 70 phytochemicals and ten polyherbal formulations which were scientifically analyzed against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its targets and found significant. Retrospective analyses led to provide information about 165 biological sources that can also be screened if not done earlier. Conclusion: The interactive analysis mapping of biological sources with phytochemicals and targets as well as that of phytochemical class with phytochemicals and COVID-19 targets yielded insights into the multitarget and multimodal evidence-based complementary medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Xuefei He
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
| | | | - Li Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing/Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Kothalawala SG, Zhang J, Wang Y, Yu C. Submicron-Sized Vermiculite Assisted Oregano Oil for Controlled Release and Long-Term Bacterial Inhibition. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111324. [PMID: 34827262 PMCID: PMC8614931 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oregano essential oil (OEO) is a natural compound consisting of potent antibiotic molecules. Its volatility is the major obstacle against the transportation and anti-bacterial performance. In this work, submicron-sized vermiculite (SMV) particles were prepared from Australian vermiculite clay by ball milling, and tested as a potential particulate-carrier for OEO. The loading of OEO by SMV can be easily achieved by mechanical mixing. Compared to raw vermiculite and free OEO, the OEO-loaded SMV displayed sustained isothermal release behaviour of OEO and demonstrated enhanced antibacterial performance in in vitro antibacterial tests against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis). This study provides a facile and commercially viable approach in designing advantageous carriers for volatile actives in antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukitha Geethma Kothalawala
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.G.K.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jun Zhang
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.G.K.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yue Wang
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.G.K.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.G.K.); (Y.W.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
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de Carvalho FO, Silva JPR, Silva ÉR, de Albuquerque Júnior RLC, Nunes PS, de Souza Araújo AA. Would carvacrol be a supporting treatment option effective in minimizing the deleterious effects of COVID-19? Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:2471-2474. [PMID: 34669001 PMCID: PMC8526353 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological process of the disease, Covid-19, is mediated by innate immunity, with the presence of macrophages responsible for secreting type 1 and 6 interleukins (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) leading to dilation of endothelial cells with a consequent increase in capillary permeability. The treatment of this disease has been much discussed, but the variability in the clinical picture, the difficulties for diagnosis and treatment, especially of those patients who have the most severe clinical condition of the disease. Immunization is an effective tool for controlling the spread and overload of health services, but its effectiveness involves high investments in the acquisition of inputs, development of vaccines, and logistics of storage and distribution. These factors can be obstacles for countries with lower economic, technological, and infrastructure indexes. Reflecting on these difficulties, we raised the possibility of adjuvant therapies with imminent research feasibility, as is the case with the use of carvacrol, a monoterpenic phenol whose has biological properties that serve as a barrier to processes mediated by free radicals, such as irritation and inflammation, due to its antioxidant action. Many authors highlighted the activity of carvacrol as a potent suppressor of COX-2 expression minimizing the acute inflammatory process, decreasing the release of some pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, TNF-α, PGE2. Anyway, the benefits of carvacrol are numerous and the therapeutic possibilities too. With this description, the question arises: would carvacrol be a supporting treatment option, effective in minimizing the deleterious effects of Covid-19? There is still a lot to discover and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Oliveira de Carvalho
- Health Sciences Graduate Center of Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil. .,Hospital Universitário de Sergipe (HU-UFS / EBSERH), Aracaju, SE, Brazil. .,Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, Cidade Universitária Prof. "José Aloísio de Campos", Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n Jardim Rosa Elza, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristovão, SE, Brazil.
| | | | - Érika Ramos Silva
- Health Sciences Graduate Center of Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, Cidade Universitária Prof. "José Aloísio de Campos", Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n Jardim Rosa Elza, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristovão, SE, Brazil.,Physiotherapy Department, Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, Lagarto, SE, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Santos Nunes
- Health Sciences Graduate Center of Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.,Morphology Department, Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Adriano Antunes de Souza Araújo
- Health Sciences Graduate Center of Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.,Pharmacy Graduate Center, Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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Sengupta P, Bose A, Sen K. Liposomal Encapsulation of Phenolic Compounds for Augmentation of Bio‐Efficacy: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priti Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta 92, APC Road Kolkata 700009 India
- Department of Chemistry Presidency University 86/1 College Street Kolkata 700073 India
| | - Adity Bose
- Department of Chemistry Presidency University 86/1 College Street Kolkata 700073 India
| | - Kamalika Sen
- Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta 92, APC Road Kolkata 700009 India
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Edible packaging coating of encapsulated thyme essential oil in liposomal chitosan emulsions to improve the shelf life of Karish cheese. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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43
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Tavares AG, Andrade J, Silva RRA, Marques CS, Silva JORD, Vanetti MCD, Melo NRD, Soares NDFF. Carvacrol-loaded liposome suspension: optimization, characterization and incorporation into poly(vinyl alcohol) films. Food Funct 2021; 12:6549-6557. [PMID: 34096962 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00479d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to encapsulate carvacrol into liposomes in order to promote its application in active food packaging. Response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of the concentration of the liposomal components on its characteristics. The optimum formulation for the preparation of liposomes with the highest encapsulation efficiency (59.0 ± 1.99%) was found to be 3000 μg mL-1 of cholesterol and 4000 μg mL-1 of carvacrol. Carvacrol reduced the polydispersity index and increased the zeta potential and the thermal stability of liposomes. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the interaction of carvacrol with liposomes occurred probably through hydrogen-bonding. The incorporation into liposomes maintained the antibacterial effect of carvacrol, but when in the film, carvacrol liposomes were not effective against the microorganisms tested. Liposomes may offer a viable option for stabilizing carvacrol, however, more studies are necessary to enable its application in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adassa Gama Tavares
- Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Zhang LY, Peng QY, Liu YR, Ma QG, Zhang JY, Guo YP, Xue Z, Zhao LH. Effects of oregano essential oil as an antibiotic growth promoter alternative on growth performance, antioxidant status, and intestinal health of broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101163. [PMID: 34082177 PMCID: PMC8181178 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to assess the comparative effects of dietary antibiotics and oregano essential oil (OEO) addition on growth performance, antioxidant status and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 384 one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 6 replicates of 16 broilers each. The 4 treatments were: an antibiotic-free control diet (control), control + 20 mg/kg colistin sulfate and 20 mg/kg virginiamycin (antibiotics), control + 200 mg/kg natural oregano essential oil (NOEO), and control + 200 mg/kg synthetic oregano essential oil (SOEO). The experiment lasted for 42 d. Results showed that birds fed with OEO had greater (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and lower (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those fed with control diet during d 1 to 21. Besides, birds fed with NOEO had the greatest (P < 0.05) ADG in the four groups during d 22 to 42. The serum oxidative stress parameters showed that OEO improved (P < 0.05) the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) of birds on day 21 and the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of birds on d 42. Relative to control, NOEO increased (P < 0.05) the activity of T-AOC in jejunum and decreased (P < 0.05) the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and jejunum. Moreover, OEO supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of sIgA in duodenum and jejunum, Lactobacillus and total anaerobes in cecum, as well as activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase in duodenum, but restrained (P < 0.05) the amount of Escherichia coli. The NOEO supplementation increased (P < 0.05) total anaerobes of broilers on d 42 and the villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH/CD) of ileum. These results suggest that OEO improved antioxidant status and intestinal health of broilers which contributed to the growth performance improvement of broilers. Dietary OEO supplementation can be a promising alternative to antibiotic growth promoters for improving poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Henan Agricultural Foreign Economic Cooperation Center, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Q Y Peng
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co. Ltd., Zhuhai 519040, PR China
| | - Y R Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Q G Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - J Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Y P Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Z Xue
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co. Ltd., Zhuhai 519040, PR China
| | - L H Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Hasanvand T, Mohammadi M, Abdollahpour F, Kamarehie B, Jafari A, Ghaderpoori A, Karami MA. A comparative study on antibacterial activity of carvacrol and glutaraldehyde on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus isolates: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:475-482. [PMID: 34150251 PMCID: PMC8172686 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00620-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of hospital bacterial isolates against traditional germicides, which used frequently, is one of the important factors contributing to emerging nosocomial infections. Moreover, due to having the side effects of chemical substances, the development of novel low-risk natural compounds seems necessary for control the spread of resistant pathogens in hospital environments. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of carvacrol and glutaraldehyde against two common hospital acquired pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In this study 365 samples were collected from different wards of hospitals of Khorramabad, Iran. One hundred and sixty samples were identified as P. aeruginosa and S. aureus by using standard microbiological methods. Then the antibacterial effects of four combinations including carvacrol+ethanol, carvacrol+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glutaraldehyde 2%, and pure glutaraldehyde (50%) were evaluated and determined using dilution broth and disk diffusion methods. Our results showed that the carvacrol had more antibacterial effects against selected bacteria compared to glutaraldehyde. Moreover, the optimal time and concentration of carvacrol+ethanol against hospital isolates of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus was determined after 1 h at concentration of 64 μl/ml and 8 μl/ml, respectively. In conclusion by comparing the results of carvacrol and glutaraldehyde, seem that carvacrol, as an herbal and natural agent, may be a suitable alternative to glutaraldehyde in hospital equipment's' sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Hasanvand
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Foad Abdollahpour
- Department of Biochemical, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Bahram Kamarehie
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ali Jafari
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Afshin Ghaderpoori
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Karami
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Vuko E, Dunkić V, Ruščić M, Nazlić M, Mandić N, Soldo B, Šprung M, Fredotović Ž. Chemical Composition and New Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Hydrosol of Hypericum perforatum L. ssp. veronense (Schrank) H. Lindb. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1014. [PMID: 34069597 PMCID: PMC8161325 DOI: 10.3390/plants10051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The chemical profile, antiproliferative, antioxidant and antiphytoviral activities of the species Hypericum perforatum ssp. veronense (Schrank) H. Lindb. (Clusiaceae) were investigated. Free volatiles were isolated and the chemical composition was determined in the lipophilic fraction (essential oil) and for the first time in the water fraction (hydrosol). The aim is to provide phytochemical data for H. perforatum ssp. veronense useful for distinguishing ssp. veronense from ssp. angustifolium, as there are taxonomic disagreements between them and the composition of the secretory products may be helpful in this respect. In the essential oil, the most abundant compounds identified were α-pinene and n-nonane, while in the hydrosol, myrtenol, carvacrol and α-pinene were the most abundant. Overall, the class of monoterpenes and oxygenated monoterpenes dominated in the EO and hydrosol samples. The essential oil showed high antioxidant activity, in contrast to the antiproliferative activity, where the hydrosol showed exceptional activity against three cancer cell lines: Hela (cervical cancer cell line), HCT116 (human colon cancer cell line) and U2OS (human osteosarcoma cell line). Both the essential oil and hydrosol showed antiphytoviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus infection on the local host plants. This is the first report dealing with biological activities of hydrosol of H. perforatum ssp. veronense, and the obtained results suggest that this traditional medicinal plant is a valuable source of volatiles with promising antiproliferative, antioxidant and antiphytoviral activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma Vuko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (E.V.); (V.D.); (M.R.); (M.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (E.V.); (V.D.); (M.R.); (M.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Mirko Ruščić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (E.V.); (V.D.); (M.R.); (M.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Marija Nazlić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (E.V.); (V.D.); (M.R.); (M.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Nela Mandić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (E.V.); (V.D.); (M.R.); (M.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Barbara Soldo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (B.S.); (M.Š.)
| | - Matilda Šprung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (B.S.); (M.Š.)
| | - Željana Fredotović
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (E.V.); (V.D.); (M.R.); (M.N.); (N.M.)
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Nasr G, Greige-Gerges H, Elaissari A, Khreich N. Liposome Permeability to Essential Oil Components: A Focus on Cholesterol Content. J Membr Biol 2021; 254:381-395. [PMID: 33939003 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-021-00180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation in liposomes has been an efficient strategy to improve the stability of sensitive bioactive compounds such as essential oils (EOs). However, the stability of liposomal formulations remains a key parameter controlling the delivery of encapsulated ingredients. Cholesterol (Chol) modulates the membrane properties conferring stability to the lipid bilayer. Thus, the Chol content in the liposome formulations encapsulating EO components should be carefully chosen. In this work, various liposome formulations differing by Chol content (DPPC:Chol 100:10; 100:25; 100:50; 100:75; 100:100) were exposed to a series of 22 EO components at DPPC/EO 100/25. The formulations were characterized for their final composition and their permeability to the hydrophilic fluorophore, sulforhodamine B (SRB), was monitored. Results showed that the Chol content experimentally determined for the various formulations (above 10% Chol) was below the theoretical weighed Chol. Among the tested components, 13 molecules displayed a significant permeabilizing effect on 10% Chol membranes. Most of these possess a hydroxyl group. The EO induced permeability was dependent on the Chol content which affects the membrane phase: their effect was reduced upon increasing Chol content keeping five EOs components effective at 40% Chol. The EO's effect was also linked to the hydrophobicity of the molecule. Hence, the DPPC:Chol ratio of the formulation is chosen considering the structure of the compound, its hydrophobicity and its effect on the permeability at different Chol content: a formulation comprising 40% Chol is suggested for highly hydrophobic molecules whereas a formulation with higher Chol content could be selected for less hydrophobic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenwa Nasr
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,ISA-UMR 5280, CNRS, Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon-1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- ISA-UMR 5280, CNRS, Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon-1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nathalie Khreich
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Savaghebi D, Ghaderi-Ghahfarokhi M, Barzegar M. Encapsulation of Sargassum boveanum Algae Extract in Nano-liposomes: Application in Functional Mayonnaise Production. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zhang Z, Tan Y, McClements DJ. Investigate the adverse effects of foliarly applied antimicrobial nanoemulsion (carvacrol) on spinach. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.110936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dimopoulos G, Katsimichas A, Tsimogiannis D, Oreopoulou V, Taoukis P. Cell permeabilization processes for improved encapsulation of oregano essential oil in yeast cells. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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