1
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Coumarin-rich Grifola frondosa ethanol extract alleviate lipid metabolism disorders and modulates intestinal flora compositions of high-fat diet rats. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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2
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Effects of Wine Components in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195891. [PMID: 34641434 PMCID: PMC8512001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rising prevalence of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) worldwide, and the rising cost of treatment with novel biological drugs, there is an increasing interest in various diets and natural foods as a potential way to control/modulate IBD. As recent data indicates that diet can modify the metabolic responses essential for the resolution of inflammation, and as wine compounds have been shown to provide substantial anti-inflammatory effect, in this review we aimed to discuss the current evidence concerning the impact of biological compounds present in wine on IBD. A number of preclinical studies brought forth strong evidence on the mechanisms by which molecules in wine, such as resveratrol or piceatannol, provide their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-tumor, and microbiota-modulation effects. However, concerning the effects of alcohol, it is still unclear how the amount of ethanol ingested within the framework of moderate wine consumption (1–2 glasses a day) affects patients with IBD, as human studies regarding the effects of wine on patients with IBD are scarce. Nevertheless, available evidence justifies the conductance of large-scale RCT trials on human subjects that will finally elucidate whether wine can offer real benefits to the IBD population.
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3
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Characterization of the medium infrared spectra of polyphenols of red and white wines by integrating FT IR and UV–Vis spectral data. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Nury T, Yammine A, Ghzaiel I, Sassi K, Zarrouk A, Brahmi F, Samadi M, Rup-Jacques S, Vervandier-Fasseur D, Pais de Barros J, Bergas V, Ghosh S, Majeed M, Pande A, Atanasov A, Hammami S, Hammami M, Mackrill J, Nasser B, Andreoletti P, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Vejux A, Lizard G. Attenuation of 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced oxiapoptophagy by nutrients, synthetic molecules and oils: Potential for the prevention of age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 68:101324. [PMID: 33774195 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Age-related diseases for which there are no effective treatments include cardiovascular diseases; neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease; eye disorders such as cataract and age-related macular degeneration; and, more recently, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). These diseases are associated with plasma and/or tissue increases in cholesterol derivatives mainly formed by auto-oxidation: 7-ketocholesterol, also known as 7-oxo-cholesterol, and 7β-hydroxycholesterol. The formation of these oxysterols can be considered as a consequence of mitochondrial and peroxisomal dysfunction, leading to increased in oxidative stress, which is accentuated with age. 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol cause a specific form of cytotoxic activity defined as oxiapoptophagy, including oxidative stress and induction of death by apoptosis associated with autophagic criteria. Oxiaptophagy is associated with organelle dysfunction and in particular with mitochondrial and peroxisomal alterations involved in the induction of cell death and in the rupture of redox balance. As the criteria characterizing 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cytotoxicity are often simultaneously observed in major age-related diseases (cardiovascular diseases, age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer's disease) the involvement of these oxysterols in the pathophysiology of the latter seems increasingly likely. It is therefore important to better understand the signalling pathways associated with the toxicity of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol in order to identify pharmacological targets, nutrients and synthetic molecules attenuating or inhibiting the cytotoxic activities of these oxysterols. Numerous natural cytoprotective compounds have been identified: vitamins, fatty acids, polyphenols, terpenes, vegetal pigments, antioxidants, mixtures of compounds (oils, plant extracts) and bacterial enzymes. However, few synthetic molecules are able to prevent 7-ketocholesterol- and/or 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cytotoxicity: dimethyl fumarate, monomethyl fumarate, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG126, memantine, simvastatine, Trolox, dimethylsufoxide, mangafodipir and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) inhibitors. The effectiveness of these compounds, several of which are already in use in humans, makes it possible to consider using them for the treatment of certain age-related diseases associated with increased plasma and/or tissue levels of 7-ketocholesterol and/or 7β-hydroxycholesterol.
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5
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Deiana M, Montoro P, Jerković I, Atzeri A, Marijanović Z, Serreli G, Piacente S, Tuberoso CIG. First characterization of Pompia intrea candied fruit: The headspace chemical profile, polar extract composition and its biological activities. Food Res Int 2019; 120:620-630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Protective effect of bioaccessible fractions of citrus fruit pulps against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. Food Res Int 2017; 103:335-344. [PMID: 29389623 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fruit pulps from Navel (N) and Cara Cara (CC) oranges, and Clementine mandarin freshly harvested (M) and refrigerated stored (M12) were used to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of their bioaccessible fractions (BF) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. BF of samples preserved viability vs. H2O2 treated cells, reaching values similar to controls. Lipid peroxidation was reduced to levels of control cells, but M did not reach control values. ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential changes (Δψm) values were reduced compared with H2O2 treated cells, but without achieving control levels. A significant reduction in cell proportions in G1 phase and a significant increase in sub-G1 phase (apoptosis) of cell cycle was shown in H2O2 treated cells, and BF allowed a recovery close to control levels. Thus, BF of samples protect the cells from oxidative stress by preserving cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and correct cell cycle progression, and diminishing lipid peroxidation and ROS.
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7
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López-García G, Cilla A, Barberá R, Alegría A. Protective effect of antioxidants contained in milk-based fruit beverages against sterol oxidation products. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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8
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Serreli G, Incani A, Atzeri A, Angioni A, Campus M, Cauli E, Zurru R, Deiana M. Antioxidant Effect of Natural Table Olives Phenolic Extract Against Oxidative Stress and Membrane Damage in Enterocyte-Like Cells. J Food Sci 2017; 82:380-385. [PMID: 28071793 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The phenolic fraction of a naturally fermented cultivar of table olives, "Tonda di Cagliari," was investigated for the ability to protect Caco-2 cells against oxidative stress and membrane damage induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxyde (TBH). TBH exposure resulted in an alteration of cellular redox status, with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) level. A loss of the epithelial integrity, as indicated by the decrease of the transepithelial electrical resistance value, was also observed over time, together with an intense lipid peroxidation process. The olives phenolic extract significantly counteracted ROS generation and subsequent alteration of monolayer integrity and membrane oxidative damage. The protective action of the extract is likely due to the scavenging ability of its main components, as hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, and verbascoside among the secoiridoids and derivatives. Since olives phenolic compounds concentrate in the intestinal lumen, they may be a useful tool in the prevention of intestinal disorders related to oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Serreli
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Experimental Pathology, Univ. of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Monserrato (CA), 09042, Italy
| | - Alessandra Incani
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Experimental Pathology, Univ. of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Monserrato (CA), 09042, Italy
| | - Angela Atzeri
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Experimental Pathology, Univ. of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Monserrato (CA), 09042, Italy
| | - Alberto Angioni
- Dept. of Life and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Campus
- Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia (Agris Sardegna), Km 18.600 S.S. 291, Loc. Bonassai, Sassari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cauli
- Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia (Agris Sardegna), Km 18.600 S.S. 291, Loc. Bonassai, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Zurru
- Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia (Agris Sardegna), Km 18.600 S.S. 291, Loc. Bonassai, Sassari, Italy
| | - Monica Deiana
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Experimental Pathology, Univ. of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Monserrato (CA), 09042, Italy
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9
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Ferrari D, Speciale A, Cristani M, Fratantonio D, Molonia MS, Ranaldi G, Saija A, Cimino F. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside inhibits NF-kB signalling in intestinal epithelial cells exposed to TNF-α and exerts protective effects via Nrf2 pathway activation. Toxicol Lett 2016; 264:51-58. [PMID: 27793764 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders, such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs), are characterized by excessive release of proinflammatory mediators, intestinal barrier dysfunction and excessive activation of NF-kB cascade. Previous studies shown that TNF-α plays a central role in intestinal inflammation of IBDs and supported beneficial effects of flavonoids against chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we employed an in vitro model of acute intestinal inflammation using intestinal Caco-2 cells exposed to TNF-α. The protective effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin widely distributed in mediterranean diet, were then evaluated. Caco-2 cells exposure to TNF-α activated NF-kB proinflammatory pathway and induced IL6 and COX-2 expression. Cells pretreatment for 24h with C3G (20-40μM) prevented TNF-α-induced changes, and improved intracellular redox status. Our results demonstrated that C3G, also without any kind of stimulus, increased the translocation of the transcription factor Nrf2 into the nucleus so activating antioxidant and detoxifying genes. In conclusion, C3G exhibited protective effects through the inhibition of NF-kB signalling in Caco-2 cells and these beneficial effects appear to be due to its ability to activate cellular protective responses modulated by Nrf2. These data suggest that anthocyanins could contribute, as complementary or preventive approaches, to the management of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ferrari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Deborah Fratantonio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Giulia Ranaldi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, (CREA - NUT), Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonella Saija
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
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Hu JN, Zou XG, He Y, Chen F, Deng ZY. Esterification of Quercetin Increases Its Transport Across Human Caco-2 Cells. J Food Sci 2016; 81:H1825-32. [PMID: 27301074 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plant polyphenols showed useful biochemical characteristics in vitro; however, the assessments of their clinical applications in vivo are restricted by their limited bioavailability due to their strong resistance to 1st-pass effects during absorption. In order to improve the bioavailability of quercetin (QU), the ester derivative of QU (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxy flavones, TAQU) was synthesized, followed by examining the oil-water partition coefficient as well as the transport mechanisms of QU and its ester derivative (TAQU) using human Caco-2 cells. The transport characteristics of QU and TAQU transport under different conditions (different concentrations, time, pH, temperature, tight junctions, and potential transporters) were systematically investigated. Results showed that QU had a lower permeability coefficient (2.82 × 10(-6) cm/s) for apical-to-basolateral (AP-BL) transport over 5 to 50 μM, whereas the transport rate for AP to BL flux of TAQU (5.23 × 10(-6) cm/s) was significantly greater than that of QU. Paracellular pathways were not involved during the transport of both QU and TAQU. QU was poorly absorbed by active transport, whereas TAQU was mostly absorbed by passive diffusion. Efflux transporters, P-glycoproteins, multidrug resistance proteins were proven to participate in the transport process of QU, but not in that of TAQU. These results suggested that improving the lipophicity of QU by esterification could increase the transport of QU across Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science, Nanchang Univ, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Xian-Guo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science, Nanchang Univ, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science, Nanchang Univ, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science, Nanchang Univ, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Ze-Yuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science, Nanchang Univ, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
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11
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Incani A, Serra G, Atzeri A, Melis MP, Serreli G, Bandino G, Sedda P, Campus M, Tuberoso CI, Deiana M. Extra virgin olive oil phenolic extracts counteract the pro-oxidant effect of dietary oxidized lipids in human intestinal cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 90:171-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Guina T, Deiana M, Calfapietra S, Cabboi B, Maina M, Tuberoso CI, Leonarduzzi G, Gamba P, Gargiulo S, Testa G, Poli G, Biasi F. The role of p38 MAPK in the induction of intestinal inflammation by dietary oxysterols: modulation by wine phenolics. Food Funct 2016; 6:1218-28. [PMID: 25736858 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01116c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary oxysterols are cholesterol auto-oxidation products widely present in cholesterol-rich foods. They are thought to affect the intestinal barrier function, playing a role in gut inflammation. This study has characterized specific cell signals that are up-regulated in differentiated CaCo-2 colonic epithelial cells by a mixture of oxysterols representative of a hyper-cholesterolemic diet. p38 MAPK activation plays a major role, while other signal branches, i.e. the JNK and ERK pathways, make minor contributions to the intestinal inflammation induced by dietary oxysterols. p38 transduction might be the missing link connecting the known NADPH oxidase activation, and the induction of NF-κB-dependent inflammatory events related to oxysterols' action in the intestine. A NOX1/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling axis was demonstrated by the quenched inflammation observed on blocking individual branches of this signal with specific chemical inhibitors. Furthermore, all these signaling sites were prevented when CaCo-2 cells were pre-incubated with phenolic compounds extracted from selected wines made of typical Sardinian grape varieties: red Cannonau and white Vermentino. Notably, Cannonau was more effective than Vermentino. The effect of Sardinian wine extracts on intestinal inflammation induced by dietary oxysterols might mainly be due to their phenolic content, more abundant in Cannonau than in Vermentino. Furthermore, among different phenolic components of both wines, epicatechin and caffeic acid exerted the strongest effects. These findings show a major role of the NOX1/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling axis in the activation of oxysterol-dependent intestinal inflammation, and confirm the concept that phenolics act as modulators at different sites of pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory cell signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Guina
- Dept. of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
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13
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A phenolic extract from grape by-products and its main hydroxybenzoic acids protect Caco-2 cells against pro-oxidant induced toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 88:65-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Mosele JI, Macià A, Motilva MJ. Metabolic and Microbial Modulation of the Large Intestine Ecosystem by Non-Absorbed Diet Phenolic Compounds: A Review. Molecules 2015; 20:17429-68. [PMID: 26393570 PMCID: PMC6331829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200917429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds represent a diverse group of phytochemicals whose intake is associated with a wide spectrum of health benefits. As consequence of their low bioavailability, most of them reach the large intestine where, mediated by the action of local microbiota, a series of related microbial metabolites are accumulated. In the present review, gut microbial transformations of non-absorbed phenolic compounds are summarized. Several studies have reached a general consensus that unbalanced diets are associated with undesirable changes in gut metabolism that could be detrimental to intestinal health. In terms of explaining the possible effects of non-absorbed phenolic compounds, we have also gathered information regarded their influence on the local metabolism. For this purpose, a number of issues are discussed. Firstly, we consider the possible implications of phenolic compounds in the metabolism of colonic products, such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA), sterols (cholesterol and bile acids), and microbial products of non-absorbed proteins. Due to their being recognized as affective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, the ability of phenolic compounds to counteract or suppress pro-oxidant and/or pro-inflammatory responses, triggered by bowel diseases, is also presented. The modulation of gut microbiota through dietetic maneuvers including phenolic compounds is also commented on. Although the available data seems to assume positive effects in terms of gut health protection, it is still insufficient for solid conclusions to be extracted, basically due to the lack of human trials to confirm the results obtained by the in vitro and animal studies. We consider that more emphasis should be focused on the study of phenolic compounds, particularly in their microbial metabolites, and their power to influence different aspects of gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana I Mosele
- Food Technology Department, Agrotecnio Research Center, University of Lleida, Av/Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198-Lleida, Spain.
| | - Alba Macià
- Food Technology Department, Agrotecnio Research Center, University of Lleida, Av/Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198-Lleida, Spain.
| | - Maria-José Motilva
- Food Technology Department, Agrotecnio Research Center, University of Lleida, Av/Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198-Lleida, Spain.
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15
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Kamiloglu S, Capanoglu E, Grootaert C, Van Camp J. Anthocyanin Absorption and Metabolism by Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells--A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:21555-74. [PMID: 26370977 PMCID: PMC4613267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160921555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins from different plant sources have been shown to possess health beneficial effects against a number of chronic diseases. To obtain any influence in a specific tissue or organ, these bioactive compounds must be bioavailable, i.e., effectively absorbed from the gut into the circulation and transferred to the appropriate location within the body while still maintaining their bioactivity. One of the key factors affecting the bioavailability of anthocyanins is their transport through the gut epithelium. The Caco-2 cell line, a human intestinal epithelial cell model derived from a colon carcinoma, has been proven to be a good alternative to animal studies for predicting intestinal absorption of anthocyanins. Studies investigating anthocyanin absorption by Caco-2 cells report very low absorption of these compounds. However, the bioavailability of anthocyanins may be underestimated since the metabolites formed in the course of digestion could be responsible for the health benefits associated with anthocyanins. In this review, we critically discuss recent findings reported on the anthocyanin absorption and metabolism by human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senem Kamiloglu
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition (nutriFOODchem), Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.K.); (C.G.); (J.V.C.)
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition (nutriFOODchem), Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.K.); (C.G.); (J.V.C.)
| | - John Van Camp
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition (nutriFOODchem), Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.K.); (C.G.); (J.V.C.)
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16
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Toaldo IM, Cruz FA, Alves TDL, de Gois JS, Borges DLG, Cunha HP, da Silva EL, Bordignon-Luiz MT. Bioactive potential of Vitis labrusca L. grape juices from the Southern Region of Brazil: phenolic and elemental composition and effect on lipid peroxidation in healthy subjects. Food Chem 2014; 173:527-35. [PMID: 25466055 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Grapes are rich in polyphenols with biologically active properties. Although the bioactive potential of grape constituents are frequently reported, the effects of Brazilian Vitis labrusca L. grape juices ingestion have not been demonstrated in humans. This study identified the phenolic and elemental composition of red and white grape juices and the effect of organic and conventional red grape juice consumption on lipid peroxidation in healthy individuals. Concentrations of anthocyanins, flavanols and phenolic acids and the in vitro antioxidant activity were significantly higher in the organic juice. The macro-elements K, Ca, Na and Mg were the most abundant minerals in all juices. The acute consumption of red grape juices promoted significant decrease of lipid peroxides in serum and TBARS levels in plasma. It is concluded that red V. labrusca L. grape juices produced in Southern Brazil showed lipid peroxidation inhibition abilities in healthy subjects, regardless of the cultivation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Maia Toaldo
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga Rd., 1346, Itacorubi, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Alves Cruz
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Delfino Conti St., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana de Lima Alves
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Delfino Conti St., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Santos de Gois
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Des. Vitor Lima Av., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel L G Borges
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Des. Vitor Lima Av., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; INCT de Energia e Ambiente do CNPq(1), Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Pamplona Cunha
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Delfino Conti St., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Edson Luiz da Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Delfino Conti St., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marilde T Bordignon-Luiz
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga Rd., 1346, Itacorubi, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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17
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Hu K, Feng L, Jiang W, Liu Y, Jiang J, Li S, Zhou X. Oxidative damage repair by glutamine in fish enterocytes. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2014; 40:1437-1445. [PMID: 24777750 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-014-9938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fish intestine is very sensitive to oxidative damage. Repair of damaged enterocytes may be involved to restore normal function of fish intestine. However, studies of fish enterocyte repair are scarce. The present study aimed to investigate the potential repair role of glutamine after a H2O2 challenge. In this study, fish enterocytes were post-treated with graded levels of glutamine (0, 4, 8, 12 and 20 mM of glutamine) after expose to 100 μM H2O2. The basal control cells were kept in the glutamine-free minimum essential medium only. Results showed that the H2O2-induced decreases in 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide optical density, alkaline phosphatase and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activities were completely restored by subsequent glutamine treatments. In addition, cellular injury (lactate dehydrogenase), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and protein oxidation (protein carbonyls) caused by H2O2 were reversed by subsequent glutamine treatments. Furthermore, the H2O2-induced decreases in glutathione contents, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were completely restored by subsequent glutamine treatments. In summary, the present study indicated that glutamine improved the repair activity in fish enterocytes after challenge with H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Sanna V, Pretti L. Effect of wine barrel ageing orsapaaddition on total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of some Italian craft beers. Int J Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; University of Sassari; 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Luca Pretti
- Porto Conte Ricerche Srl; Tramariglio-Alghero 07041 Sassari Italy
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Biasi F, Deiana M, Guina T, Gamba P, Leonarduzzi G, Poli G. Wine consumption and intestinal redox homeostasis. Redox Biol 2014; 2:795-802. [PMID: 25009781 PMCID: PMC4085343 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular consumption of moderate doses of wine is an integral part of the Mediterranean diet, which has long been considered to provide remarkable health benefits. Wine's beneficial effect has been attributed principally to its non-alcoholic portion, which has antioxidant properties, and contains a wide variety of phenolics, generally called polyphenols. Wine phenolics may prevent or delay the progression of intestinal diseases characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation, especially because they reach higher concentrations in the gut than in other tissues. They act as both free radical scavengers and modulators of specific inflammation-related genes involved in cellular redox signaling. In addition, the importance of wine polyphenols has recently been stressed for their ability to act as prebiotics and antimicrobial agents. Wine components have been proposed as an alternative natural approach to prevent or treat inflammatory bowel diseases. The difficulty remains to distinguish whether these positive properties are due only to polyphenols in wine or also to the alcohol intake, since many studies have reported ethanol to possess various beneficial effects. Our knowledge of the use of wine components in managing human intestinal inflammatory diseases is still quite limited, and further clinical studies may afford more solid evidence of their beneficial effects.
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Key Words
- AKT, serine/threonine protein kinase (v-akt murine thimoma viral oncogene homolog1)
- Antioxidants
- CD, Crohns disease
- COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2
- Cys, cysteine
- DSS, dextran sodium sulfate
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- GRP, grape reaction product
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- Gut
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- IFN, interferon
- IKB, inhibitor of NF-κB
- IL, interleukin
- Inflammation
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2
- Oxidative stress
- PGE-2, prostaglandin E-2
- Polyphenols
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SIRT-1, silent mating type information regulation-1
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- UC, Ulcerative Colitis
- Wine
- apoB48, apolipoprotein B48
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Biasi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09124, Italy
| | - Tina Guina
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
| | - Paola Gamba
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
| | - Gabriella Leonarduzzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
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Yu ZL, Zeng WC. Antioxidant, antibrowning, and cytoprotective activities of Ligustrum robustum (Rxob.) Blume extract. J Food Sci 2013; 78:C1354-62. [PMID: 23924383 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant, antibrowning, and cytoprotective activities of Ligustrum robustum (Rxob.) Blume extract (LRE) were investigated and the main antioxidant component was isolated and identified. With its high content of phenols and flavonoids, the LRE showed remarkable antioxidant capacity to scavenge free radicals in vitro and to inhibit oil oxidation in a peanut oil system. Moreover, LRE was observed to inhibit tyrosinase action and browning of fresh-cut apple slices effectively. Furthermore, the cytoprotective activity of LRE was evaluated in a human intestine model using Caco-2 cell lines. According to the activity-guided isolation and identification, by using column chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, ursolic acid was characterized as the main antioxidant component of LRE; it showed the strongest free radical-scavenging activity. The results suggested that L. robustum (Rxob.) Blume could be a new resource for preparing functional food and nutraceutical products for use in food and pharmacology industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Long Yu
- Dept. of Food Engineering, Sichuan Univ. Chengdu, 610065, PR China
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Zeng WC, Zhang WC, Zhang WH, He Q, Shi B. The antioxidant activity and active component of Gnaphalium affine extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:311-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Biasi F, Guina T, Maina M, Cabboi B, Deiana M, Tuberoso CI, Calfapietra S, Chiarpotto E, Sottero B, Gamba P, Gargiulo S, Brunetto V, Testa G, Dessì MA, Poli G, Leonarduzzi G. Phenolic compounds present in Sardinian wine extracts protect against the production of inflammatory cytokines induced by oxysterols in CaCo-2 human enterocyte-like cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:138-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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