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Faria-Silva C, Eleutério CV, Simões P, Carvalheiro M, Simões S. A new method for quantification of tomatine-enriched extracts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39031650 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green tomato extracts, an agro-food industry waste, are rich in the glycoalkaloid tomatine, which presents activity against several diseases. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detection is one of the most used techniques for quantification of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to optimize and validate a selective HPLC method with diode array detector (DAD) for the quantitative analysis of tomatine extracted from green tomatoes by subcritical water. RESULTS Chromatographic runs were performed on a InertSustain Phenyl (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) analytical column, at a wavelength of 205 nm. A concentration range of 50-580 μg mL-1 was used. The validation process was performed considering the linearity, precision, trueness, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the method. The selected mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and a solution of 20 mmol L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) pH 3, resulted in suitable retention times and a standard calibration curve with adequate linearity (R2 = 0.9999). The method trueness was evaluated by the recovery assay, obtaining a mean recovery of 105% and the precisions were 1.4% and 0.9% (percentage relative standard deviation, RSD%) for the tomatine standard and extract samples, respectively. The inter-day variability was 2.7-9.0% (RSD%) for the standards and 6.9% (RSD%) for extract. The LOD and the LOQ of the method were determined at 8.0 and 24.1 μg mL-1, respectively. CONCLUSION The herein described method was successfully used for the quantification of tomatine in a tomato-derived extract. Furthermore, the method constitutes a simple and rapid analytical approach able to be used as a routine protocol. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Faria-Silva
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carla V Eleutério
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Simões
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University, Caparica, Portugal
| | | | - Sandra Simões
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Piccolo V, Pastore A, Maisto M, Keivani N, Tenore GC, Stornaiuolo M, Summa V. Agri-Food Waste Recycling for Healthy Remedies: Biomedical Potential of Nutraceuticals from Unripe Tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). Foods 2024; 13:331. [PMID: 38275698 PMCID: PMC10815480 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Unripe tomatoes represent an agri-food waste resulting from industrial by-processing products of tomatoes, yielding products with a high content of bioactive compounds with potential nutraceutical properties. The food-matrix biological properties are attributed to the high steroidal glycoalkaloid (SGA) content. Among them, α-tomatine is the main SGA reported in unripe green tomatoes. This review provides an overview of the main chemical and pharmacological features of α-tomatine and green tomato extracts. The extraction processes and methods employed in SGA identification and the quantification are discussed. Special attention was given to the methods used in α-tomatine qualitative and quantitative analyses, including the extraction procedures and the clean-up methods applied in the analysis of Solanum lycopersicum L. extracts. Finally, the health-beneficial properties and the pharmacokinetics and toxicological aspects of SGAs and α-tomatine-containing extracts are considered in depth. In particular, the relevant results of the main in vivo and in vitro studies reporting the therapeutic properties and the mechanisms of action were described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vincenzo Summa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.P.); (A.P.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (G.C.T.); (M.S.)
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Papaioannou EH, Bazzarelli F, Mazzei R, Giannakopoulos V, Roberts MR, Giorno L. Membrane Cascade Fractionation of Tomato Leaf Extracts-Towards Bio-Based Crop Protection. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:855. [PMID: 37999341 PMCID: PMC10673455 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Promising initial results from the use of membrane-fractionated extracts of tomato leaf as crop protection agents have recently been reported. This paper provides additional evidence from larger scale experiments that identify an efficient pipeline for the separation of tomato leaf extracts to generate a fraction with significant defence elicitor activity. A UF tubular membrane 150 kDa, with an internal diameter of 5 mm, proved appropriate for initial extract clarification, whereas afterwards a UF 10 kDa and three NF membranes (200-800 Da) in sequence were evaluated for the subsequent fractionation of this tomato extract. The compositions of sugars, proteins and total biophenols were changed in these fractions with respect to the initial extract. The initial extract ratio of sugars: proteins: biophenols was 1:0.047:0.052, whereas for the retentate of the 800 Da NF membrane, which has the higher crop protection activity, this ratio was 1:0.06:0.1. In this regard, it appears that the main crop protection effect in this fraction was due to the sugars isolated. It was found that with the appropriate membrane cascade selection (UF 150 kDa, UF 10 kDa and NF 800 Da) it was possible to produce (easily and without the need of additional chemicals) a fraction that has significant activity as an elicitor of disease resistance in tomato, whereas the remaining fractions could be used for other purposes in a biorefinery. This is very promising for the wider application of the proposed approach for the relatively easy formulation of bio-based aqueous streams with bio-pesticide activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Bazzarelli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology, CNR-ITM, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy (L.G.)
| | - Rosalinda Mazzei
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology, CNR-ITM, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy (L.G.)
| | | | - Michael R. Roberts
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Lidietta Giorno
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology, CNR-ITM, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy (L.G.)
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4
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Faria-Silva C, de Sousa M, Carvalheiro MC, Simões P, Simões S. Alpha-tomatine and the two sides of the same coin: An anti-nutritional glycoalkaloid with potential in human health. Food Chem 2022; 391:133261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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5
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Fujimaki J, Sayama N, Shiotani S, Suzuki T, Nonaka M, Uezono Y, Oyabu M, Kamei Y, Nukaya H, Wakabayashi K, Morita A, Sato T, Miura S. The Steroidal Alkaloid Tomatidine and Tomatidine-Rich Tomato Leaf Extract Suppress the Human Gastric Cancer-Derived 85As2 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo via Modulation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051023. [PMID: 35267998 PMCID: PMC8912548 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The steroidal alkaloid tomatidine is an aglycone of α-tomatine, which is abundant in tomato leaves and has several biological activities. Tomatidine has been reported to inhibit the growth of cultured cancer cells in vitro, but its anti-cancer activity in vivo and inhibitory effect against gastric cancer cells remain unknown. We investigated the efficacy of tomatidine using human gastric cancer-derived 85As2 cells and its tumor-bearing mouse model and evaluated the effect of tomatidine-rich tomato leaf extract (TRTLE) obtained from tomato leaves. In the tumor-bearing mouse model, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by feeding a diet containing tomatidine and TRTLE for 3 weeks. Tomatidine and TRTLE also inhibited the proliferation of cultured 85As2 cells. Microarray data of gene expression analysis in mouse tumors revealed that the expression levels of mRNAs belonging to the type I interferon signaling pathway were altered in the mice fed the diet containing tomatidine and TRTLE. Moreover, the knockdown of one of the type I interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), interferon α-inducible protein 27 (IFI27), inhibited the proliferation of cultured 85As2 cells. This study demonstrates that tomatidine and TRTLE inhibit the tumor growth in vivo and the proliferation of human gastric cancer-derived 85As2 cells in vitro, which could be due to the downregulation of ISG expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Fujimaki
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Neo Sayama
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Shigenobu Shiotani
- Food Research Institute, Tokai Bussan Co., Ltd., Tokyo 101-0032, Japan; (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Food Research Institute, Tokai Bussan Co., Ltd., Tokyo 101-0032, Japan; (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.U.)
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.U.)
| | - Mamoru Oyabu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan; (M.O.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan; (M.O.); (Y.K.)
| | - Haruo Nukaya
- Food and Environment Research Center, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (H.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- Food and Environment Research Center, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (H.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Akihito Morita
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Tomoki Sato
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Shinji Miura
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-54-264-5559
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Endophytic bacterial strains modulated synthesis of lycopene and bioactive compounds in Solanum lycopersicum L. fruit. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Añibarro-Ortega M, Pinela J, Ćirić A, Martins V, Rocha F, Soković MD, Barata AM, Carvalho AM, Barros L, Ferreira IC. Valorisation of table tomato crop by-products: Phenolic profiles and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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8
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Bioactives Screening in Overripe Fruits and Vegetables by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Photodiode Array and Mass Spectrometry Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Groher T, Schmittgen S, Noga G, Hunsche M. Limitation of mineral supply as tool for the induction of secondary metabolites accumulation in tomato leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:105-111. [PMID: 29980095 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural residues are natural sources for secondary metabolites as high value ingredients for industrial uses. The present work aims to exploit the accumulation potential of rutin and solanesol in tomato leaves following nitrogen and general mineral deficiency in a commercial-like greenhouse. Physiological responses of tomato plants were monitored non-destructively with a multiparametric fluorescence sensor, and biochemical parameters were determined by means of HPLC analysis. Nitrogen and general mineral limitation led to an accumulation of rutin in young tomato leaves while solanesol concentration was higher in mature leaves. In young leaves, the fluorescence indices SFR_R and NBI_G showed lower values compared to control plants for both stress treatments. On the contrary, FLAV and ANTH_RG values increased during the experiment, but no differences could be recorded in mature leaves. However, correlation analysis indicates, that the FLAV index is not a reliable tool to estimate the concentration of rutin and solanesol tomato leaves. To monitor fruit yield/quality as primary objective of tomato production, fruits showing symptoms of blossom end rot (BER) were counted before and after stress treatments. BER was determined more frequently for plants grown under a general mineral deficiency, concluding that a practical applicability at the end of fruit production is advisable. Our results indicate that by-products from Solanaceae plants are promising resources for valuable bioactive leaf compounds. To achieve the highest concentrations, the seasonal variation, the optimal environmental conditions, the concentrations in different plant organs and varieties as well as different production systems are of high interest for commercial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Groher
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation - Horticultural Science, University of Bonn, Auf dem Huegel 6, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Simone Schmittgen
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation - Horticultural Science, University of Bonn, Auf dem Huegel 6, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Noga
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation - Horticultural Science, University of Bonn, Auf dem Huegel 6, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mauricio Hunsche
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation - Horticultural Science, University of Bonn, Auf dem Huegel 6, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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10
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Figueiredo-González M, Valentão P, Pereira DM, Andrade PB. Further insights on tomato plant: Cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts in human gastric cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:386-392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Klein-Júnior LC, Vander Heyden Y, Henriques AT. Enlarging the bottleneck in the analysis of alkaloids: A review on sample preparation in herbal matrices. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Total Phenolic, Flavonoid, Tomatine, and Tomatidine Contents and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Tomato Plant. Int J Anal Chem 2015; 2015:284071. [PMID: 26609308 PMCID: PMC4644540 DOI: 10.1155/2015/284071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of extracts of different fractions of two tomato plant cultivars. The stems, roots, leaves, and whole-plant fractions were evaluated. Tomatine and tomatidine were identified by HPLC-DAD. The leaf extracts from the two varieties showed the highest flavonoids, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and total phenolics contents and the highest antioxidant activity determined by DPPH, ABTS, and ORAC. A positive correlation was observed between the antioxidant capacities of the extracts and the total phenolic, flavonoid, and chlorophyll contents. The Pitenza variety extracts inhibited the growth of pathogens such as E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria ivanovii, yielding inhibition halos of 8.0 to 12.9 mm in diameter and MIC values of 12.5 to 3.125 mg/mL. These results suggest that tomato plant shows well potential as sources of various bioactive compounds, antioxidants, and antimicrobials.
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Silva-Beltrán NP, Ruiz-Cruz S, Chaidez C, Ornelas-Paz JDJ, López-Mata MA, Márquez-Ríos E, Estrada MI. Chemical constitution and effect of extracts of tomato plants byproducts on the enteric viral surrogates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2015; 25:299-311. [PMID: 25059828 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2014.938030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Byproducts of tomato are known to include phenolic compounds but have not been studied in depth. In this study, the phenolic compositions of (stem, leaf, root, and whole plant) of two tomato cultivars, Pitenza and Floradade, were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. In parallel, the antiviral effects of crude extracts on viral surrogates, the bacteriophages MS2 and Av-05 were evaluated. The leaf extracts from the two varieties showed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds. The compounds identified were gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, cafeic acid, rutin, and quercetin, and they represented 3174.3 and 1057.9 mg/100 g dried weight of the Pitenza and Floradade cultivars, respectively. MS2 and Av-05 titers at 5 mg/mL were reduced by 3.47 and 5.78 log10 PFU/mL and 3.78 and 4.93 log10 PFU/mL by Pitenza and Floradade cultivar leaf extract, respectively. These results show that tomato extracts are natural sources of bioactive substances with antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Patricia Silva-Beltrán
- a Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias , Ciudad Obregón , Mexico
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14
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Larbat R, Paris C, Le Bot J, Adamowicz S. Phenolic characterization and variability in leaves, stems and roots of Micro-Tom and patio tomatoes, in response to nitrogen limitation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 224:62-73. [PMID: 24908507 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Phenolics are implicated in the defence strategies of many plant species rendering their concentration increase of putative practical interest in the field of crop protection. Little attention has been given to the nature, concentration and distribution of phenolics within vegetative organs of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum. L) as compared to fruits. In this study, we extensively characterized the phenolics in leaves, stems and roots of nine tomato cultivars using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS(n)) and assessed the impact of low nitrogen (LN) availability on their accumulation. Thirty-one phenolics from the four sub-classes, hydroxycinnamoyl esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins and phenolamides were identified, five of which had not previously been reported in these tomato organs. A higher diversity and concentration of phenolics was found in leaves than in stems and roots. The qualitative distribution of these compounds between plant organs was similar for the nine cultivars with the exception of Micro-Tom because of its significantly higher phenolic concentrations in leaves and stems as compared to roots. With few exceptions, the influence of the LN treatment on the three organs of all cultivars was to increase the concentrations of hydroxycinnamoyl esters, flavonoids and anthocyanins and to decrease those of phenolamides. This impact of LN was greater in roots than in leaves and stems. Nitrogen nutrition thus appears as a means of modulating the concentration and composition of organ phenolics and their distribution within the whole plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Larbat
- INRA UMR 1121 "Agronomie & Environnement" Nancy-Colmar, TSA 40602, 54518 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France; Université de Lorraine UMR 1121 "Agronomie & Environnement" Nancy-Colmar, TSA 40602, 54518 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France.
| | - Cédric Paris
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules, TSA 40602, 54518 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France.
| | - Jacques Le Bot
- INRA, UR 1115 PSH (Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles), F-84000 Avignon, France.
| | - Stéphane Adamowicz
- INRA, UR 1115 PSH (Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles), F-84000 Avignon, France.
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15
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Russo M, Bonaccorsi I, Torre G, Sarò M, Dugo P, Mondello L. Underestimated sources of flavonoids, limonoids and dietary fibre: Availability in lemon's by-products. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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Liu L, Zhang L, Wang Y, Tian L, Gong X, Li Q. A STRATEGY FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF THE FRESH REJUVENATED FRUITS OF JUGLANS MANDSHURICA BASED ON CYTOTOXICITY SCREENING AND EFFICACY-FINGERPRINT ANALYSIS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.832295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Liang Tian
- a Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Xianfeng Gong
- a Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Qiang Li
- a Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
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Taveira M, Sousa C, Valentão P, Ferreres F, Teixeira JP, Andrade PB. Neuroprotective effect of steroidal alkaloids on glutamate-induced toxicity by preserving mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing oxidative stress. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 140:106-15. [PMID: 24373792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Several evidences suggest that enhanced oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis and/or progression of several neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time whether both extracts from tomato plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaves and their isolated steroidal alkaloids (tomatine and tomatidine) afford neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this protection. Steroidal alkaloids from tomato are well known for their cholinesterases' inhibitory capacity and the results showed that both purified extracts and isolated compounds, at non-toxic concentrations for gastric (AGS), intestinal (Caco-2) and neuronal (SH-SY5Y) cells, have the capacity to preserve mitochondria membrane potential and to decrease reactive oxygen species levels of SH-SY5Y glutamate-insulted cells. Moreover, the use of specific antagonists of cholinergic receptors allowed observing that tomatine and tomatidine can interact with nicotinic receptors, specifically with the α7 type. No effect on muscarinic receptors was noticed. In addition to the selective cholinesterases' inhibition revealed by the compounds/extracts, these results provide novel and important insights into their neuroprotective mechanism. This work also demystifies the applicability of these compounds in therapeutics, by demonstrating that their toxicity was overestimated for long time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Taveira
- REQUIMTE/Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n°. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Sousa
- REQUIMTE/Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n°. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n°. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Federico Ferreres
- CEBAS (CSIC) Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - João P Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n°. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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