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Bernini R, Campo M, Cassiani C, Fochetti A, Ieri F, Lombardi A, Urciuoli S, Vignolini P, Villanova N, Vita C. Polyphenol-Rich Extracts from Agroindustrial Waste and Byproducts: Results and Perspectives According to the Green Chemistry and Circular Economy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12871-12895. [PMID: 38829927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural secondary metabolites found in plants endowed with multiple biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and anticancer). In view of these properties, they find many applications and are used as active ingredients in nutraceutical, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic formulations. In accordance with green chemistry and circular economy strategies, they can also be recovered from agroindustrial waste and reused in various sectors, promoting sustainable processes. This review described structural characteristics, methods for extraction, biological properties, and applications of polyphenolic extracts obtained from two selected plant materials of the Mediterranean area as olive (Olea europaea L.) and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) based on recent literature, highlighting future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Margherita Campo
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Cassiani
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Fochetti
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesca Ieri
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lombardi
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Vignolini
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Noemi Villanova
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Chiara Vita
- QuMAP - PIN, University Center "Città di Prato" Educational and Scientific Services for the University of Florence, 59100 Prato, Italy
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Del Saz-Lara A, Boughanem H, López de Las Hazas MC, Crespo C, Saz-Lara A, Visioli F, Macias-González M, Dávalos A. Hydroxytyrosol decreases EDNRA expression through epigenetic modification in colorectal cancer cells. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106612. [PMID: 36528246 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is one of the healthiest ones and is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as well as cancer. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is probably the most idiosyncratic component of this diet. EVOO has been attributed with many healthful effects, which may be due to its phenolic components, e.g. including hydroxytyrosol (HT). Recent studies suggest that EVOO and HT have molecular targets in human tissues and modulate epigenetic mechanisms. DNA methylation is one of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms and consists of the addition of a methyl group to the cytosines of the DNA chain. Given the purported health effects of EVOO (poly)phenols, we analyzed the changes induced by HT in DNA methylation, in a colorectal cancer cell line. Caco-2 cells were treated with HT for one week or with the demethylating agent 5'-azacytidine for 48 h. Global DNA methylation was assessed by ELISA. DNA bisulfitation was performed and Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChips were used to analyze the specific methylation of CpG sites. We show an increase in global DNA methylation in Caco-2 cells after HT treatment, with a total of 32,141 differentially methylated (CpGs DMCpGs). Interestingly, our analyses revealed the endothelin receptor type A gene (EDNRA) as a possible molecular target of HT. In summary, we demonstrate that cellular supplementation with HT results in a specific methylome map and propose a potential gene target for HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Del Saz-Lara
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hatim Boughanem
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Saz-Lara
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16171 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Manuel Macias-González
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Floris B, Galloni P, Conte V, Sabuzi F. Tailored Functionalization of Natural Phenols to Improve Biological Activity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1325. [PMID: 34572538 PMCID: PMC8467377 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenols are widespread in nature, being the major components of several plants and essential oils. Natural phenols' anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, pharmacological and nutritional properties are, nowadays, well established. Hence, given their peculiar biological role, numerous studies are currently ongoing to overcome their limitations, as well as to enhance their activity. In this review, the functionalization of selected natural phenols is critically examined, mainly highlighting their improved bioactivity after the proper chemical transformations. In particular, functionalization of the most abundant naturally occurring monophenols, diphenols, lipidic phenols, phenolic acids, polyphenols and curcumin derivatives is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Floris
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Pierluca Galloni
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Valeria Conte
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Sabuzi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
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4
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León-González AJ, Sáez-Martínez P, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Herrero-Aguayo V, Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Gómez-Gómez E, Madrona A, Castaño JP, Espartero JL, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Comparative Cytotoxic Activity of Hydroxytyrosol and Its Semisynthetic Lipophilic Derivatives in Prostate Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091348. [PMID: 34572980 PMCID: PMC8464900 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Because of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. León-González
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.J.L.-G.); (R.M.L.); Tel.: +34-957213740 (R.M.L.)
| | - Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M. Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Andrés Madrona
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (A.M.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Justo P. Castaño
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - José L. Espartero
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (A.M.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Manuel D. Gahete
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M. Luque
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.J.L.-G.); (R.M.L.); Tel.: +34-957213740 (R.M.L.)
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5
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Jilani H, Cilla A, Barberá R, Hamdi M. Antiproliferative activity of green, black tea and olive leaves polyphenols subjected to biosorption and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion in Caco-2 cells. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109317. [PMID: 32846525 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves and tea (Camellia sinensis) are rich sources of bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols. Our previous studies have evidenced the potential use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a natural delivery system for these antioxidants and a means to improve their bioaccessibility in the human gut. In the present work, the antiproliferative effect of green tea (GT), black tea (BT) and olive leaves (OL) infusions and suspensions of S. cerevisiae were evaluated, for the first time, in human colon cancer cells (Caco-2) after biosorption and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The bioaccessible fractions (BF) were not overtly cytotoxic, not affecting cell viability. ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential changes (Δψm) values were reduced compared with control cells. Moreover, all the BF after biosorption induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in cell proportions in S-phase. The arrest of the cell cycle was reversible without induction of apoptosis, suggesting that the biosorbed phenolics in both infusions and suspensions act as cytostatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanène Jilani
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Centre Urbain Nord, 2 Boulevard de la Terre, B.P. 676, 1080 Tunis, Tunisia; Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Cilla
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Reyes Barberá
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Moktar Hamdi
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Centre Urbain Nord, 2 Boulevard de la Terre, B.P. 676, 1080 Tunis, Tunisia
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6
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Storniolo CE, Martínez-Hovelman N, Martínez-Huélamo M, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Moreno JJ. Extra Virgin Olive Oil Minor Compounds Modulate Mitogenic Action of Oleic Acid on Colon Cancer Cell Line. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11420-11427. [PMID: 31545039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical findings suggest that olive oil has a protective effect, whereas oleic acid consumption induces colorectal cancer (CRC). Considering this apparent contradiction and that olive oil is a complex mix of fatty acids, mainly oleic acid and minor compounds such as phenolic compounds, lignans, hydrocarbons, and triterpenes, we study its effects on intestinal epithelial cell growth. Our results show that oleic acid (1-100 μM) but not elaidic acid induced DNA synthesis and Caco-2 cell growth (2-fold higher than cells without growth factors, p < 0.05). These effects were inhibited by 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors as well as the leukotriene antagonist (p < 0.05), suggesting the implication of this pathway in this mitogenic action. Hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, pinoresinol, squalene, and maslinic acid (0.1-10 μM) reverted DNA synthesis and Caco-2 cell growth induced by oleic acid. These effects were not the consequence of the cell cycle arrest or the impairment of cell viability with the exception of hydroxytyrosol and maslinic acid that induced cell detachment and apoptosis (35.6 ± 2.3 and 43.2 ± 2.4%, respectively) at the higher concentration assayed. Oleuropein effects can be related with hydroxytyrosol release as a consequence of oleuropein hydrolysis by Caco-2 cells (up to 25%). Furthermore, hydroxytyrosol modulates the arachidonic acid cascade, and this event can be associated with its antimitogenic action. In conclusion, oleic acid and oleic acid in the presence of olive oil representative minor components have opposite effects, suggesting that the consumption of seed oils, high oleic acid seed oils, or olive oil will probably have different effects on CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miriam Martínez-Huélamo
- CIBER 06/003 Physiology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBEROBN , Institute of Health Carlos III , Madrid 28029 , Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos
- CIBER 06/003 Physiology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBEROBN , Institute of Health Carlos III , Madrid 28029 , Spain
| | - Juan J Moreno
- CIBER 06/003 Physiology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBEROBN , Institute of Health Carlos III , Madrid 28029 , Spain
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Wani TA, Masoodi F, Gani A, Baba WN, Rahmanian N, Akhter R, Wani IA, Ahmad M. Olive oil and its principal bioactive compound: Hydroxytyrosol – A review of the recent literature. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Proteomic evaluation of mouse adipose tissue and liver following hydroxytyrosol supplementation. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:329-338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Venkatasubramanian PB, Toydemir G, de Wit N, Saccenti E, Martins Dos Santos VAP, van Baarlen P, Wells JM, Suarez-Diez M, Mes JJ. Use of Microarray Datasets to generate Caco-2-dedicated Networks and to identify Reporter Genes of Specific Pathway Activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6778. [PMID: 28755007 PMCID: PMC5533711 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells, like Caco-2, are commonly used to study the interaction between food, other luminal factors and the host, often supported by microarray analysis to study the changes in gene expression as a result of the exposure. However, no compiled dataset for Caco-2 has ever been initiated and Caco-2-dedicated gene expression networks are barely available. Here, 341 Caco-2-specific microarray samples were collected from public databases and from in-house experiments pertaining to Caco-2 cells exposed to pathogens, probiotics and several food compounds. Using these datasets, a gene functional association network specific for Caco-2 was generated containing 8937 nodes 129711 edges. Two in silico methods, a modified version of biclustering and the new Differential Expression Correlation Analysis, were developed to identify Caco-2-specific gene targets within a pathway of interest. These methods were subsequently applied to the AhR and Nrf2 signalling pathways and altered expression of the predicted target genes was validated by qPCR in Caco-2 cells exposed to coffee extracts, known to activate both AhR and Nrf2 pathways. The datasets and in silico method(s) to identify and predict responsive target genes can be used to more efficiently design experiments to study Caco-2/intestinal epithelial-relevant biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gamze Toydemir
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Kestel-Alanya, 07450, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nicole de Wit
- Wageningen University & Research, Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Saccenti
- Wageningen University & Research, Systems and Synthetic Biology, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vitor A P Martins Dos Santos
- Wageningen University & Research, Systems and Synthetic Biology, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- LifeGlimmerGmbH, Markelstrasse 38, 12163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter van Baarlen
- Wageningen University & Research, Host-Microbe Interactomics, De Elst 1, 6708 WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jerry M Wells
- Wageningen University & Research, Host-Microbe Interactomics, De Elst 1, 6708 WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Suarez-Diez
- Wageningen University & Research, Systems and Synthetic Biology, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan J Mes
- Wageningen University & Research, Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Aissa I, Kharrat N, Aloui F, Sellami M, Bouaziz M, Gargouri Y. Valorization of antioxidants extracted from olive mill wastewater. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2017; 64:579-589. [PMID: 27226334 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants are highly important gradients used to preserve cosmetic products and reduce the effect of oxidative stress on the skin. The present work explores the possibility of using phenolic compounds of olive mill wastewater (OMW) as effective alternatives to the commercial antioxidants used in cosmetic formulations deemed by their allergic and carcinogenic effects. Esterification of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol extracted from OMW with various fatty acids was conducted using Novozyme 435 lipase as a biocatalyst. Upon synthesis, butyrate, caprate, laurate, and palmitate tyrosyl and hydroxytyrosyl esters were isolated and evaluated for their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Results showed that laurate derivatives are the most efficient in preventing lipid oxidation and inhibiting growth of pathogenic strains. In the prospective of industrial use, laurate tyrosyl and hydroxytyrosyl derivatives were incorporated in a formulation of moisturizer to substitute the commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxyltoluene. Oleuropein, extracted from olive leaves powder, was also tested as an antiaging ingredient in cosmetic formulations. The evaluation of physicochemical, microbiological, and sensorial properties of the new cosmetic products indicated that oleuropein and lipophilic derivatives do not affect the properties of the standard formulation. Oleuropein and lipophilic derivatives can be added as active ingredients to stabilize cosmetic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Aissa
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Nadia Kharrat
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Fatma Aloui
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Mohamed Sellami
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et Environnement, ENIS, Route de Soukra, BPW, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Youssef Gargouri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
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11
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Tomé-Carneiro J, Crespo MC, Iglesias-Gutierrez E, Martín R, Gil-Zamorano J, Tomas-Zapico C, Burgos-Ramos E, Correa C, Gómez-Coronado D, Lasunción MA, Herrera E, Visioli F, Dávalos A. Hydroxytyrosol supplementation modulates the expression of miRNAs in rodents and in humans. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 34:146-55. [PMID: 27322812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dietary microRNAs (miRNAs) modulation could be important for health and wellbeing. Part of the healthful activities of polyphenols might be due to a modulation of miRNAs' expression. Among the most biologically active polyphenols, hydroxytyrosol (HT) has never been studied for its actions on miRNAs. We investigated whether HT could modulate the expression of miRNAs in vivo. We performed an unbiased intestinal miRNA screening in mice supplemented (for 8 weeks) with nutritionally relevant amounts of HT. HT modulated the expression of several miRNAs. Analysis of other tissues revealed consistent HT-induced modulation of only few miRNAs. Also, HT administration increased triglycerides levels. Acute treatment with HT and in vitro experiments provided mechanistic insights. The HT-induced expression of one miRNA was confirmed in healthy volunteers supplemented with HT in a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. HT consumption affects specific miRNAs' expression in rodents and humans. Our findings suggest that the modulation of miRNAs' action through HT consumption might partially explain its healthful activities and might be pharmanutritionally exploited in current therapies targeting endogenous miRNAs. However, the effects of HT on triglycerides warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Tomé-Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - María Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Eduardo Iglesias-Gutierrez
- Department of Functional Biology (Physiology), University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33003, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
| | - Roberto Martín
- Laboratory of Disorders of Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Judit Gil-Zamorano
- Laboratory of Disorders of Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Cristina Tomas-Zapico
- Department of Functional Biology (Physiology), University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33003, Spain
| | - Emma Burgos-Ramos
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain; Área de Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La-Mancha, Toledo 45071, Spain
| | - Carlos Correa
- Unidad de Cirugía Experimental, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Diego Gómez-Coronado
- Servicio de Bioquímica Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Miguel A Lasunción
- Servicio de Bioquímica Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Emilio Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculties of Pharmacy and Medicine, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid 28668, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35121, Italy.
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Disorders of Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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12
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Tassano E, Alama A, Basso A, Dondo G, Galatini A, Riva R, Banfi L. Conjugation of Hydroxytyrosol with Other Natural Phenolic Fragments: From Waste to Antioxidants and Antitumour Compounds. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Bernini R, Gilardini Montani MS, Merendino N, Romani A, Velotti F. Hydroxytyrosol-Derived Compounds: A Basis for the Creation of New Pharmacological Agents for Cancer Prevention and Therapy. J Med Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bernini
- Department
of Agriculture, Nature, Forests and Energy (DAFNE), Tuscia University, Via
S. Camillo De Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Nicolò Merendino
- Department
of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- PHYTOLAB
(Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement Technology and Analysis)—DISIA, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Velotti
- Department
of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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14
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Vilaplana-Pérez C, Auñón D, García-Flores LA, Gil-Izquierdo A. Hydroxytyrosol and potential uses in cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and AIDS. Front Nutr 2014; 1:18. [PMID: 25988120 PMCID: PMC4428486 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2014.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol is one of the main phenolic components of olive oil. It is present in the fruit and leaf of the olive (Olea europaea L.). During the past decades, it has been well documented that this phenolic compound has health benefits and a protective action has been found in preclinical studies against several diseases. Here, we review its bioavailability in human beings and several assays showing significant results related with cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Mechanisms of action include potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, among others. The importance of hydroxytyrosol in protection of low-density lipoproteins and consequently its implication in the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk has been highlighted by the European Food Safety Authority, concluding that 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives should be consumed daily to reach this effect at physiological level. We discuss the potential uses of this compound in supplements, nutraceutic foods, or topical formulations in the disease risk reduction. Finally, we conclude that more studies are needed to sustain or reject many other health claims not yet fully documented and to validate these newly available hydroxytyrosol-based products, because it seems to be a good candidate to reduce the risk of diseases mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vilaplana-Pérez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC , Murcia , Spain
| | - David Auñón
- Department of Research and Development, Seprox BIOTECH, S.L. , Madrid , Spain
| | - Libia A García-Flores
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC , Murcia , Spain
| | - Angel Gil-Izquierdo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC , Murcia , Spain
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15
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Martin D, Moran-Valero MI, Casado V, Reglero G, Torres CF. Phosphatidyl derivative of hydroxytyrosol. In vitro intestinal digestion, bioaccessibility, and its effect on antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9751-9759. [PMID: 25255083 DOI: 10.1021/jf503477h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal digestion of phosphatidyl derivatives of HT (PHT) and its bioaccessibility under in vitro conditions was performed. First, an in vitro intestinal digestion model for phospholipids was developed. The impact of digestion in the antioxidant ability of PHT was also assayed. PHT was progressively hydrolyzed to lyso-PHT. However, digestion was slower than the phospholipid control. Nevertheless, most hydrolysis products were found at the micellar phase fraction, meaning a high bioaccessibility. Either PHT or digested PHT showed lower antioxidant activity than HT. However, PHT improved its antioxidant ability after digestion, likely related to lyso-PHT. As a summary, the synthetic phosphatidyl derivative of HT as PHT is recognized by phospholipases during simulation of intestinal digestion, although less efficiently than analogous phospholipids. Nevertheless, taking into account the bioaccessibility and the antioxidant activity of digested PHT, the potential of carriers of HT under the form of phospholipids might be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martin
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) , 28049 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Martin D, Garcia-Serrano A, Casado V, Vázquez L, Reglero G, Torres CF. Antioxidant activity of phosphatidyl derivatives of hydroxytyrosol in edible oils. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martin
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL); CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Alba Garcia-Serrano
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL); CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Víctor Casado
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL); CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Luis Vázquez
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL); CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL); CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
- Imdea-Food Institute; CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos F. Torres
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL); CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; CEI UAM+CSIC; Madrid Spain
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17
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Mateos R, Pereira-Caro G, Bacon JR, Bongaerts R, Sarriá B, Bravo L, Kroon PA. Anticancer activity of olive oil hydroxytyrosyl acetate in human adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3264-3269. [PMID: 23452288 DOI: 10.1021/jf305158q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The anticancer activity of hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HTy-Ac) has been studied in human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Gene expression of proteins involved in cell cycle (p21, p53, cyclin B1, and cyclin G2) and programmed cell death (BNIP3, BNIP3L, PDCD4, and ATF3), as well as phase I and phase II detoxifying enzymes CYPA1 and UGT1A10, were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction after 24 h of exposure of Caco-2/TC7 cells to 5, 10, and 50 μM of HTy-Ac. The results show that HTy-Ac inhibited cell proliferation and arrested cell cycle by enhancing p21 and CCNG2 and lowering CCNB1 protein expression. HTy-Ac also affected the transcription of genes involved in apoptosis up-regulating of BNIP3, BNIP3L, PDCD4, and ATF3 and activating caspase-3. In addition, HTy-Ac also up-regulated xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes CYP1A1 and UGT1A10, thus enhancing carcinogen detoxification. In conclusion, these results highlight that HTy-Ac has the potential to modulate biomarkers involved in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Mateos
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK.
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