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Zhang X, Zhao Q, Li B. Current and promising therapies based on the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1217253. [PMID: 38035032 PMCID: PMC10687425 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1217253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is a hyperthyroidism-related and immune-mediated disease that poses a significant threat to human health. The pathogenesis of GO primarily involves T cells, B cells, and fibroblasts, suggesting a pivotal role for the thyrotropin-antibody-immunocyte-fibroblast axis. Traditional treatment approaches for Graves' disease (GD) or GO encompass antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioactive iodine, and beta-blockers. However, despite decades of treatment, there has been limited improvement in the global incidence of GO. In recent years, promising therapies, including immunotherapy, have emerged as leading contenders, demonstrating substantial benefits in clinical trials by inhibiting the activation of immune cells like Th1 and B cells. Furthermore, the impact of diet, gut microbiota, and metabolites on GO regulation has been recognized, suggesting the potential of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Moreover, as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) components have been extensively explored and have shown effective results in treating autoimmune diseases, remarkable progress has been achieved in managing GO with TCM. In this review, we elucidate the pathogenesis of GO, summarize current and prospective therapies for GO, and delve into the mechanisms and prospects of TCM in its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital/Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qixiang Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital/Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Zhong PC, Liu ZW, Xing QC, Chen J, Yang RP. Neferine inhibits the development of lung cancer cells by downregulating TGF-β to regulate MST1/ROS-induced pyroptosis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:1106-1118. [PMID: 37698291 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ~85% of all lung cancer cases. Neferine is used as a traditional Chinese medicine with many pharmacological effects, including antitumor properties; however, it has not been reported whether neferine plays an anticancer role by causing pyroptosis in NSCLC cells. We used two typical lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H1299, and 42 lung cancer tissue samples to investigate the regulatory effects of neferine on TGF-β and MST1. We also treated lung cancer cells with different concentrations of neferine to study its effects on lung cancer cell survival, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as on pyroptosis. Lentivirus-mediated gain-of-function studies of TGF-β and MST1 were applied to validate the roles of TGF-β and MST1 in lung cancer. Next, we used murine transplanted tumor models to evaluate the effect of neferine treatment on the metastatic capacity of lung cancer tissues. With increasing neferine concentration, the viability, migration, invasion, and EMT capacity of A549 and H1299 cells decreased, whereas pyroptosis increased. Neferine repressed TGF-β expression to modulate the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by MST1. Overexpression of TGF-β in either in vitro or mouse-transplanted A549 cells restored the inhibitory effect of neferine on tumor development. Overexpression of MST1 clearly enhanced pyroptosis. Neferine contributed to pyroptosis by regulating MST1 expression through downregulation of TGF-β to induce ROS formation. Therefore, our study shows that neferine can serve as an adjuvant therapy for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Zhong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Liu
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi-Chang Xing
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Rui-Pei Yang
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Dasari S, Pathak N, Thomas A, Bitla S, Kumar R, Munirathinam G. Neferine Targets the Oncogenic Characteristics of Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer Cells via Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14242. [PMID: 37762540 PMCID: PMC10532349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration resistance poses a significant challenge in the management of advanced prostate cancer (PCa), with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or chemotherapy being the primary treatment options. However, these approaches often lead to significant side effects and the development of therapeutic resistance. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel treatment options that can efficiently target PCa, improve patient survival, and enhance their quality of life. Neferine (Nef), a bioactive compound derived from plants, has emerged as a promising candidate for cancer treatment due to its ability to induce apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest. In this study, we investigated the potential anticancer effects of Nef in androgen receptor (AR)-positive LNCaP and VCaP cells, representative models of androgen-dependent PCa. Our findings demonstrate that Nef effectively inhibits cell growth, proliferation, and the tumorigenic potential of androgen-dependent PCa cells. Furthermore, Nef treatment resulted in the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the activation of key markers of autophagy and apoptosis. These results suggest that Nef has the potential to target the oncogenic characteristics of androgen-dependent PCa cells by exploiting the potency of ROS and inducing autophagy and apoptosis in AR-positive PCa cells. These findings shed light on the therapeutic potential of Nef as a novel treatment option with reduced side effects for androgen-dependent prostate cancer. Further investigations are warranted to assess its efficacy and safety in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanyam Dasari
- School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA;
| | - Nishtha Pathak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL 61108, USA; (N.P.); (A.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Amy Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL 61108, USA; (N.P.); (A.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Shreeja Bitla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL 61108, USA; (N.P.); (A.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India;
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL 61108, USA; (N.P.); (A.T.); (S.B.)
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Elashiry MM, Raafat SN, Tay FR, Saber SM. Effect of rapamycin on human periodontal ligament stem cells that have been exposed to sodium hypochlorite. Life Sci 2023; 329:121989. [PMID: 37524163 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study investigated the effect of rapamycin on the viability and osteogenic differentiation potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in the presence of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). MAIN METHODS After determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of NaOCl and optimum concentration of rapamycin, the viability of hPDLSCs was evaluated using the MTT assay subsequent to their exposure to NaOCl, rapamycin, or a combination of both. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by the cell mineralization assay performed by alizarin red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, and monitoring the expression of osteogenic genes markers Runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin, using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The expression of autophagy-related genes PI3K, Akt, and mTOR, was also analyzed with RT-qPCR. KEY FINDINGS Stem cells treated with rapamycin showed the highest percentage of viable cells in the presence of NaOCl. The same trend was observed for all osteogenic differentiation assays. The hPDLSCs treated with rapamycin demonstrated the highest calcium nodule deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity, and the expression of osteogenic gene markers. These effects were not adversely affected by the presence of NaOCl. Rapamycin significantly inhibited mTOR gene expression, while there were no differences in the gene expression of PI3K and Akt. SIGNIFICANCE Rapamycin counteracts the cytotoxic effect of NaOCl by enhancing the viability and osteogenic differentiation potential of hPDLSCs. Rapamycin appears to accomplish these processes via autophagy activation, by inhibiting mTOR gene expression. The incorporation of rapamycin in regenerative endodontic therapy may encourage a higher success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elashiry
- Department of Endodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, USA; Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shereen N Raafat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Egypt; Center of Innovative Dental Sciences (CIDS), Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Egypt
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, USA
| | - Shehabeldin M Saber
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Center of Innovative Dental Sciences (CIDS), Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Egypt; Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Egypt
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Jiang H, Zhu S, Wu B, Su Y, Wang Q, Lei Y, Shao Q, Gao Y, Gao K, Wu G. CDK2 and CDK4 targeted liensinine inhibits the growth of bladder cancer T24 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110624. [PMID: 37423554 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a urinary tumor with limited treatment options and high mortality. Liensinine (LIEN), a natural bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has shown excellent anti-tumor effects in numerous preclinical studies. However, the anti-BCa effect of LIEN remains unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the molecular mechanism of LIEN in the management of BCa. First, we identified the treatment-related targets of BCa; those that repeatedly occur in more than two databases, including GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, DisGeNET, Therapeutic Target Database, and Drugbank. The SwissTarget database was used to screen LIEN-related targets, and those with a probability >0 were possible LIEN targets. The prospective targets of LIEN in the treatment of BCa were then determined using a Venn diagram. Second, we discovered that the PI3K/AKT pathway and senescence mediated the anti-BCa action of LIEN by using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis to explore the function of LIEN therapeutic targets. A protein-protein interaction network was created using the String website, and six algorithms of the CytoHubba plug-in were then used in Cytoscape to assess the core targets of LIEN for the therapy of BCa. The outcomes of molecular docking and dynamics simulation demonstrated that CDK2 and CDK4 proteins were the direct targets of LIEN in the management of BCa, among which CDK2 was more stable in binding to LIEN than CDK4. Finally, in vitro experiments showed that LIEN inhibited the activity and proliferation of T24 cells. The expression of p-/AKT, CDK2, and CDK4 proteins progressively decreased, while the expression and fluorescence intensity of the senescence-related protein, γH2AX, gradually increased with increasing LIEN concentration in T24 cells. Therefore, our data suggest that LIEN may promote senescence and inhibit proliferation by inhibiting the CDK2/4 and PI3K/AKT pathways in BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Siying Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China
| | - Yinyin Su
- Department of Emergency, Tangdu Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yonghua Lei
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China
| | - Qiuju Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, 521 Hospital of Norinco Group, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710065, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
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Chen X, Ma J, Chen H. Induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway protects deoxynivalenol exposure grass carp hepatocytes damage. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108687. [PMID: 36921881 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most frequently found mycotoxin sources in feed and raw food products, endangering human and animal health. The mechanism of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) liver cell (L8824) toxicity induced by DON is still unknown. The DON was administered to the L8824 cells in concentrations of 150, 200, and 250 ng/mL for 24 h. The results of this study suggested that DON could enable L8824 cells to significantly increase the levels of autophagy. Concurrently, DON could trigger autophagy through the AMPK-mTOR pathway, which upregulated the expression of p-AMPK and p-ULK1 while downregulating the expression of p-mTOR. In the meantime, DON treatment could alter the levels of expression of the related proteins in autophagy. Additionally, DON treatment dramatically reduced the activity of the antioxidant enzymes as well as increased the levels of oxidase, which increased the production of ROS in L8824 cells. This indicates that DON could induce oxidative stress. Furthermore, we discovered that DON exposure caused apoptosis, which is characterized by elevated levels of BAX, Caspase 9, Caspase 3, and decreased Bcl-2 levels. Next, it was investigated how oxidative stress affected DON-induced autophagy. The research revealed that the oxidative stress inhibitor (NAC) attenuated DON-induced autophagy. Additionally, the study also investigated how autophagy worked under the L8824 cells induced by DON. The ROS production, however, was enhanced by the addition of the autophagy inhibitor (3-MA). Additionally, co-treatment with the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK had no influence on autophagy. The combined findings showed that induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway protects DON-induced L8824 cells from damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Badavenkatappa gari S, Nelson VK, Peraman R. Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr alkaloid rich extract induces colon cancer cell death via ROS mediated, mTOR dependent apoptosis pathway: "an in-vitro study". BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:33. [PMID: 36737760 PMCID: PMC9896699 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most mortality rate causing disease after lung cancer. Though there is a significant improvement in the treatment schedule offered to CRC. However, there is no notable decrease in terms of cases as well as death rate. Hence, there is an urgent need to discover novel cancer therapeutics to treat CRC. Since ancient times, the use of phytochemicals has drawn huge attention as chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic agents. Earlier studies on Tinospora sinensis (TS) revealed the cytotoxic effect on human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) cells, yet the mechanism is to be uncovered. Therefore, the present study was designed to study the cell death mechanism of TS in HCT-116 cells. METHOD Different extracts such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts from the root part of TS were prepared using a cold maceration process. The extracts were screened against cancer cell lines by methyl thiazoldiphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. From the result, the most active extract was subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses to identify the major constituents. Finally, the mechanism of cytotoxicity to cancer cells for the most active extract was evaluated using various experiments such as cell cycle analysis, Annexin-V assay, and Western blot. RESULTS The results from the MTT assay indicated that the n-hexane extract of TS inhibits the growth of HCT-116 cells more effectively than other cancer cells like Henrietta Lacks cervical cancer cells (Hela), and Michigan cancer foundation-breast cancer (MCF-7). The GC-MS and FT-IR analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids in the n-hexane extract and were responsible for the apoptosis activity in HCT-cells via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein Kinase B (Akt)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) down-regulation. CONCLUSION This study concludes that this finding is unique of its kind, and for the first time. The anticancer effect of TS root is specific to colon cancer cells (HCT-116). This distinctive finding helps the researchers to investigate further, and to identify a novel source for anti-colon cancer drug candidates in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreelakshmi Badavenkatappa gari
- grid.459547.eFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur (JNTUA), Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515 002 India
| | - Vinod K. Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) –Autonomous, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515721 India
| | - Ramalingam Peraman
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) –Autonomous, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515721 India ,grid.464629.b0000 0004 1775 2698Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, 844102 India
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Li H, Ge H, Song X, Tan X, Xiong Q, Gong Y, Zhang L, He Y, Zhang W, Zhu P, Lin W, Xiao X. Neferine mitigates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice by regulating autophagy and apoptosis. Clin Exp Nephrol 2023; 27:122-131. [PMID: 36326941 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-022-02292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin severely limits the application and affects related platinum-based therapeutics. Neferine is a dibenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from a Chinese medicinal herb (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn), which can decrease cisplatin-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells by activating autophagy in vitro in our previous study. In this article, we aimed to further investigate the protective effect of neferine, against to the cispltain-induced kidney damage in mice. METHODS Six groups were designed in our study. Renal index, mice serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were detected after the mice were killed. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of each group. The apoptosis of mouse kidney tissue was detected by TUNEL. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect the expression of cleaved-caspase3 and LC3. The transmission electron microscope was used to reveal the changes of apoptosis and autophagy of renal tubular epithelial cells in different groups. RESULTS In our findings, the pathological changes of acute kidney injury were easily observed in cisplatin-treated mice while those in the neferine-pretreated groups were significantly alleviated. The apoptosis induced by cisplatin in mice increased evidently compared with the control group, which was decreased in the mice with neferine pretreatment. What' more, we found that autophagy increased obviously in mice pretreated by neferine contrast to the cisplatin-treated mice. CONCLUSION In our study, neferine can effectively alleviate cisplatin-induced renal injury in mice, as well act as an autophagy-regulator in kidney protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huipeng Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Song
- Department of Science and Education, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yizi Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yikai He
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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9
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Dong L, He J, Luo L, Wang K. Targeting the Interplay of Autophagy and ROS for Cancer Therapy: An Updated Overview on Phytochemicals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010092. [PMID: 36678588 PMCID: PMC9865312 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved self-degradation system that recycles cellular components and damaged organelles, which is critical for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are short-lived molecules containing unpaired electrons that are formed by the partial reduction of molecular oxygen. It is widely known that autophagy and ROS can regulate each other to influence the progression of cancer. Recently, due to the wide potent anti-cancer effects with minimal side effects, phytochemicals, especially those that can modulate ROS and autophagy, have attracted great interest of researchers. In this review, we afford an overview of the complex regulatory relationship between autophagy and ROS in cancer, with an emphasis on phytochemicals that regulate ROS and autophagy for cancer therapy. We also discuss the effects of ROS/autophagy inhibitors on the anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals, and the challenges associated with harnessing the regulation potential on ROS and autophagy of phytochemicals for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Dong
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingqiu He
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Luo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Kui Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (K.W.)
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10
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Ghareghomi S, Atabaki V, Abdollahzadeh N, Ahmadian S, Hafez Ghoran S. Bioactive PI3-kinase/Akt/mTOR Inhibitors in Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:24-35. [PMID: 36721812 PMCID: PMC9871280 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the central signaling pathways with a regulatory effect on cell proliferation and survival is Akt/mTOR. In many human cancer types, for instance, lung cancer, the overexpression of Akt/mTOR has been reported. For this reason, either targeting cancer cells by synthetic or natural products affecting the Akt/mTOR pathway down-regulation is a useful strategy in cancer therapy. Direct inhibition of the signaling pathway or modulation of each related molecule could have significant feedback on the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. A variety of secondary metabolites has been identified to directly inhibit the AKT/mTOR signaling, which is important in the field of drug discovery. Naturally occurring nitrogenous and phenolic compounds can emerge as two pivotal classes of natural products possessing anticancer abilities. Herein, we have summarized the alkaloids and flavonoids for lung cancer treatment together with all the possible mechanisms of action relying on the Akt/mTOR pathway down-regulation. This review suggested that in search of new drugs, phytochemicals could be considered as promising scaffolds to be developed into efficient drugs for the treatment of cancer. In this review, the terms "Akt/mTOR", "Alkaloid", "flavonoid", and "lung cancer" were searched without any limitation in search criteria in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google scholar engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Ghareghomi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Atabaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Naseh Abdollahzadeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding Authors: Salar Hafez Ghoran and Shahin Ahmadian, and
| | - Salar Hafez Ghoran
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Corresponding Authors: Salar Hafez Ghoran and Shahin Ahmadian, and
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11
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The Impact of Oxidative Stress and AKT Pathway on Cancer Cell Functions and Its Application to Natural Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091845. [PMID: 36139919 PMCID: PMC9495789 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and AKT serine-threonine kinase (AKT) are responsible for regulating several cell functions of cancer cells. Several natural products modulate both oxidative stress and AKT for anticancer effects. However, the impact of natural product-modulating oxidative stress and AKT on cell functions lacks systemic understanding. Notably, the contribution of regulating cell functions by AKT downstream effectors is not yet well integrated. This review explores the role of oxidative stress and AKT pathway (AKT/AKT effectors) on ten cell functions, including apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial morphogenesis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, DNA damage response, senescence, migration, and cell-cycle progression. The impact of oxidative stress and AKT are connected to these cell functions through cell function mediators. Moreover, the AKT effectors related to cell functions are integrated. Based on this rationale, natural products with the modulating abilities for oxidative stress and AKT pathway exhibit the potential to regulate these cell functions, but some were rarely reported, particularly for AKT effectors. This review sheds light on understanding the roles of oxidative stress and AKT pathway in regulating cell functions, providing future directions for natural products in cancer treatment.
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12
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Zhao K, Li Y, Qiu Y, Huang R, Lin M, Chen L, Liu Y. Norkurarinone and isoxanthohumol inhibit high glucose and hypoxia-induced angiogenesis via improving oxidative stress and regulating autophagy in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 634:20-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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13
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Shin J, Lee J, Choi J, Ahn BT, Jang SC, You SW, Koh DY, Maeng S, Cha SY. Rapid-Onset Antidepressant-Like Effect of Nelumbinis semen in Social Hierarchy Stress Model of Depression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:6897359. [PMID: 35677378 PMCID: PMC9168086 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6897359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a disease with increasing prevalence worldwide, and it is necessary to develop a therapeutic agent with better efficacy than existing antidepressant drugs. Antidepressants that act on the glutamatergic nervous system, such as ketamine, have a rapid-onset antidepressant effect and are effective against treatment-resistant depression. However, because of the addictive potential of ketamine, alternative substances without psychological side effects are recommended. In particular, many natural compounds have been tested for their antidepressant effects. The antidepressant effects of Nelumbinis semen (NS) have been tested in many studies, along with the various actions of NS on the glutamatergic system. Thus, it was expected that NS might have a rapid-onset antidepressant effect. To test the antidepressant potential, despair and anhedonic behaviors were measured after administering NS to mice exposed to social hierarchy stress (SHS), and biochemical changes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were analyzed. NS reduced despair-like responses in the forced swim test and tail suspension test. Mice exposed to SHS showed depression-like responses such as increased despair, reduced hedonia, and an anxiety-like response in the novelty suppressed feeding test. NS, but not fluoxetine, improved those depression-like behaviors after acute treatment, and NBQX, an AMPA receptor blocker, inhibited the antidepressant-like effects of NS. The antidepressant-like effect of NS was related to enhanced phosphorylation of mTOR in the prefrontal cortex and dephosphorylation of GluR1 S845 in the hippocampus. Since NS has shown antidepressant-like potential in a preclinical model, it may be considered as a candidate for the development of antidepressants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihwan Shin
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Lee
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuk Choi
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Taek Ahn
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Jang
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won You
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Koh
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Maeng
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
- AgeTech-Service Convergence Major, Graduated School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Young-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yun Cha
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
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14
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Bishayee A, Patel PA, Sharma P, Thoutireddy S, Das N. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) and Its Bioactive Phytocopounds: A Tribute to Cancer Prevention and Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030529. [PMID: 35158798 PMCID: PMC8833568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The plant Nelumbo nucifera (Gaertn.), commonly known as lotus, sacred lotus, Indian lotus, water lily, or Chinese water lily, is an aquatic perennial crop belonging to the family of Nelumbonaceae. N. nucifera has traditionally been used as an herbal medicine and functional food in many parts of Asia. It has been found that different parts of this plant consist of various bioactive phytocompounds. Within the past few decades, N. nucifera and its phytochemicals have been subjected to intense cancer research. In this review, we critically evaluate the potential of N. nucifera phytoconstituents in cancer prevention and therapy with related mechanisms of action. Abstract Cancer is one of the major leading causes of death worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests a strong relationship between specific dietary habits and cancer development. In recent years, a food-based approach for cancer prevention and intervention has been gaining tremendous attention. Among diverse dietary and medicinal plants, lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., family Nymphaeaceae), also known as Indian lotus, sacred lotus or Chinese water lily, has the ability to effectively combat this disease. Various parts of N. nucifera have been utilized as a vegetable as well as an herbal medicine for more than 2000 years in the Asian continent. The rhizome and seeds of N. nucifera represent the main edible parts. Different parts of N. nucifera have been traditionally used to manage different disorders, such as fever, inflammation, insomnia, nervous disorders, epilepsy, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. It is believed that numerous bioactive components, including alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, steroids, and glycosides, are responsible for its various biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and hypoglycemic activities. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive review with an exclusive focus on the anticancer attributes of diverse phytochemicals from different parts of N. nucifera. In this review, we have analyzed the effects of N. nucifera extracts, fractions and pure compounds on various organ-specific cancer cells and tumor models to understand the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential and underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of this interesting medicinal and dietary plant. In addition, the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and possible toxicity of N. nucifera-derived phytochemicals, as well as current limitations, challenges and future research directions, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Palak A. Patel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Priya Sharma
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Shivani Thoutireddy
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia 799155, Tripura, India;
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15
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Dahmardeh Ghalehno A, Boustan A, Abdi H, Aganj Z, Mosaffa F, Jamialahmadi K. The Potential for Natural Products to Overcome Cancer Drug Resistance by Modulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:2686-2712. [PMID: 34994266 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2022169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The acquisition of resistance and ultimately disease relapse after initial response to chemotherapy put obstacles in the way of cancer therapy. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biologic process that epithelial cells alter to mesenchymal cells and acquire fibroblast-like properties. EMT plays a significant role in cancer metastasis, motility, and survival. Recently, emerging evidence suggested that EMT pathways are very important in making drug-resistant involved in cancer. Natural products are gradually emerging as a valuable source of safe and effective anticancer compounds. Natural products could interfere with the different processes implicated in cancer drug resistance by reversing the EMT process. In this review, we illustrate the molecular mechanisms of EMT in the emergence of cancer metastasis. We then present the role of natural compounds in the suppression of EMT pathways in different cancers to overcome cancer cell drug resistance and improve tumor chemotherapy. HighlightsDrug-resistance is one of the obstacles to cancer treatment.EMT signaling pathways have been correlated to tumor invasion, metastasis, and drug-resistance.Various studies on the relationship between EMT and resistance to chemotherapy agents were reviewed.Different anticancer natural products with EMT inhibitory properties and drug resistance reversal effects were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asefeh Dahmardeh Ghalehno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arad Boustan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Abdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Aganj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Manogaran P, Somasundaram B, Viswanadha VP. Reversal of cisplatin resistance by neferine/isoliensinine and their combinatorial regimens with cisplatin-induced apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant colon cancer stem cells (CSCs). J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22967. [PMID: 34921482 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin chemotherapy to the colorectal cancer cells (CRCs) is accompanied by dose-limiting adverse effects along with the acquisition of drug resistance implicating low therapeutic outcomes. The present study is aimed to evaluate the chemosensitizing efficacy of neferine/isoliensinine or combinatorial regimen of neferine/isoliensinine with cisplatin against CSCs (cisplatin resistant colon stem cells). CSCs were developed using pulse exposure of cisplatin to parental HCT-15 cells. Neferine/isoliensinine or combinatorial regimens of Neferine/isoliensinine and cisplatin exhibited a stronger cytotoxic activity against CSCs compared to control. IC50 doses were found to be 6.5 μM for neferine, 12.5 μM for isoliensinine, and 120 μM for cisplatin respectively. Furthermore, the combinatorial regimen of a low dose of cisplatin (40 μM) with 4 μM neferine/8 μM isoliensinine induced cell death in a synergistic manner as described by isobologram. Neferine/isoliensinine could confer extensive intracellular reactive oxygen species generation in CSCs. Neferine/isoliensinine or combinatorial regimens dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced intracellular [Ca2+ ]i, which were measured by spectroflurimetry. Furthermore, these combinatorial regimens induced a significant increase in the sub G0 phase of cell cycle arrest and PI uptake and alleviated the expression of ERCC1 in CSCs. Combinatorial regimens or neferine/isoliensinine treatments downregulated the cell survival protein expression (PI3K/pAkt/mTOR) and activated mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by upregulating Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-3, and PARP cleavage expression while downregulating the BCl-2 expression in CSCs. Our study confirms the chemosensitizing efficacy of neferine/isoliensinine or combinatorial regimens of neferine/isoliensinine with a low dose of cisplatin against CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasath Manogaran
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharath Somasundaram
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijaya Padma Viswanadha
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wang Z, Li Y, Ma D, Zeng M, Wang Z, Qin F, Chen J, Christian M, He Z. Alkaloids from lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera): recent advances in biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, bioactivity, safety, and industrial applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-34. [PMID: 34845950 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2009436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Different parts of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) including the seeds, rhizomes, leaves, and flowers, are used for medicinal purposes with health promoting and illness preventing benefits. The presence of active chemicals such as alkaloids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and terpenoids (particularly alkaloids) may account for this plant's pharmacological effects. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview and summarize up-to-date research on the biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, and bioactivity of lotus alkaloids as well as their safety. Moreover, the potential uses of lotus alkaloids in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors are explored. Current evidence shows that alkaloids, mainly consisting of aporphines, 1-benzylisoquinolines, and bisbenzylisoquinolines, are present in different parts of lotus. The bioavailability of these alkaloids is relatively low in vivo but can be enhanced by technological modification using nanoliposomes, liposomes, microcapsules, and emulsions. Available data highlights their therapeutic and preventive effects on obesity, diabetes, neurodegeneration, cancer, cardiovascular disease, etc. Additionally, industrial applications of lotus alkaloids include their use as food, medical, and cosmetic ingredients in tea, other beverages, and healthcare products; as lipid-lowering, anticancer, and antipsychotic drugs; and in facial masks, toothpastes, and shower gels. However, their clinical efficacy and safety remains unclear; hence, larger and longer human trials are needed to achieve their safe and effective use with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mark Christian
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Bharathi Priya L, Huang CY, Hu RM, Balasubramanian B, Baskaran R. An updated review on pharmacological properties of neferine-A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from Nelumbo nucifera. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13986. [PMID: 34779018 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals have recently received a lot of recognition for their pharmacological activities such as anticancer, chemopreventive, and cardioprotective properties. In traditional Indian and Chinese medicine, parts of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) such as lotus seeds, fruits, stamens, and leaves are used for treating various diseases. Neferine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, a major component from the seed embryos of N. nucifera. Neferine is effective in the treatment of high fevers and hyposomnia, as well as arrhythmia, platelet aggregation, occlusion, and obesity. Neferine has been found to have a variety of therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-hypertensive, anti-arrhythmic, anti-platelet, anti-thrombotic, anti-amnesic, and negative inotropic. Neferine also exhibited anti-anxiety effects, anti-cancerous, and chemosensitize to other anticancer drugs like doxorubicin, cisplatin, and taxol. Induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest are the key pathways that underlying the anticancer activity of neferine. Therefore, the present review summarizes the neferine biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, and its effects in myocardium, cancer, chemosensitizing to cancer drug, central nervous system, diabetes, inflammation, and kidney diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Natural phytochemical is gaining medicinal importance for a variety of diseases like including cancer, neurodegenerative disorder, diabetes, and inflammation. Alkaloids and flavonoids, which are abundantly present in Nelumbo nucifera have many therapeutic applications. Neferine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from N. nucifera has many pharmacological properties. This present review was an attempt to compile an updated pharmacological action of neferine in different disease models in vitro and in vivo, as well as to summarize all the collective evidence on the therapeutic potential of neferine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.,Centre of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rouh-Mei Hu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Nurcahyanti ADR, Jap A, Lady J, Prismawan D, Sharopov F, Daoud R, Wink M, Sobeh M. Function of selected natural antidiabetic compounds with potential against cancer via modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR cascade. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112138. [PMID: 34750026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with growing global incidence, as 387 million people were diagnosed in 2014 with an expected projection of 642 million in 2040. Several complications are associated with DM including heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, and cancer. The latter is the second leading cause of death worldwide accounting for one in every six deaths, with liver, pancreas, and endometrium cancers are the most abundant among patients with diabetes. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a vital role in developing a wide array of pathological disorders, among them diabetes and cancer. Natural secondary metabolites that counteract the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulate PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway could be a promising approach in cancer therapy. Here, 717 medicinal plants with antidiabetic activities were highlighted along with 357 bioactive compounds responsible for the antidiabetic activity. Also, 43 individual plant compounds with potential antidiabetic activities against cancer via the modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade were identified. Taken together, the available data give an insight of the potential of repurposing medicinal plants and/or the individual secondary metabolites with antidiabetic activities for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Dwi Retno Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Adeline Jap
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jullietta Lady
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Deka Prismawan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products, National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Ayni str. 299/2, 734063, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Rachid Daoud
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBiosciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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20
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Turkez H, Tozlu OO, Arslan ME, Mardinoglu A. Safety and Efficacy Assessments to Take Antioxidants in Glioblastoma Therapy: From In Vitro Experiences to Animal and Clinical Studies. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105168. [PMID: 34450218 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is considered one of the most common malignant brain tumors, occurring as over 15% of all primary central nervous system and brain neoplasms. The unique and standard treatment option towards GBM involves the combination of surgical resection followed by radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT). However, due to the aggressive nature and heterogeneity of GBMs, they remained difficult to treat. Recent findings from preclinical studies have revealed that disruption of the redox balance via using either oxidative or anti-oxidative agents in GBM presented an effective and promising therapeutic approach. A limited number of clinical trials substantially encouraged their concomitant use with RT or CT. Thus, treatment of GBMs may benefit from natural or synthetic antioxidative compounds as novel therapeutics. Despite the presence of variegated in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on safety and efficacy issues of these promising therapeutics, nowadays their translation to clinics is far from applicability due to several challenges. In this review, we briefly introduce the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems as well as potential signaling pathways related to the pathogenesis of GBM with a special interest in antioxidant mechanisms. In addition, we describe the advantages and limitations of antioxidant supplementation in GBM cases or disease models as well as growing challenges for GBM therapies with antioxidants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozdemir Tozlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, 25250; Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, 25250; Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17121, Sweden.
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21
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Qi Z, Wang R, Liao R, Xue S, Wang Y. Neferine Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction Through Anti-Apoptotic and Antioxidative Effects by Regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:706251. [PMID: 34366860 PMCID: PMC8344844 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy is a common complication of severe sepsis, which is one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units. Therefore, finding an effective therapy target is urgent. Neferine is an alkaloid extracted from the green embryos of mature seeds of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., which has been reported to exhibit various biological activities and pharmacological properties. This study aims to explore the protective effects of neferine against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial dysfunction and its mechanisms. The LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction mouse model was employed to investigate the protective effects of neferine. In this study, we demonstrated that neferine remarkably improved cardiac function and survival rate and ameliorated morphological damage to heart tissue in LPS-induced mice. Neferine also improved cell viability and mitochondrial function and reduced cell apoptosis and the production of reactive oxygen species in LPS-treated H9c2 cells. In addition, neferine significantly upregulated Bcl-2 expression and suppressed cleaved caspase 3 activity in LPS-induced mouse heart tissue and H9c2 cells. Furthermore, neferine also upregulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) reversed the protective effect of neferine in LPS-induced H9c2 cells. Our findings thus demonstrate that neferine ameliorates LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and presents a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Rongheng Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Tagde P, Tagde P, Tagde S, Bhattacharya T, Garg V, Akter R, Rahman MH, Najda A, Albadrani GM, Sayed AA, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Altyar AE, Kaushik D, Abdel-Daim MM. Natural bioactive molecules: An alternative approach to the treatment and control of glioblastoma multiforme. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111928. [PMID: 34323701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most deadly malignant tumors, with more than 10,000 cases recorded annually in the United States. Various clinical analyses and studies show that certain chronic diseases, including cancer, interact between cell-reactive radicals rise and pathogenesis. Reactive oxygen and nitrogenous sources include endogenous (physiological processes), and exogenous sources contain reactive oxygen and nitrogen (xenobiotic interaction). The cellular oxidation/reduction shifts to oxidative stress when the regulation mechanisms of antioxidants are surpassed, and this raises the ability to damage cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. OBJECTIVE: This review is focused on how phytochemicals play crucial role against glioblastoma multiforme and to combat these, bioactive molecules and their derivatives are either used alone, in combination with anticancer drugs or as nanomedicine formulations for better cancer theranostics over the conventional approach. CONCLUSION: Bioactive molecules found in seeds, vegetables, and fruits have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties that may help cancer survivors feel better throughout chemotherapy or treatment. However, incorporating them into the nanocarrier-based drug delivery for the treatment of GBMs, which could be a promising therapeutic strategy for this tumor entity, increasing targeting effectiveness, increasing bioavailability, and reducing side effects with this target-specificity, drug internalization into cells is significantly improved, and off-target organ aggregation is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Tagde
- Bhabha Pharmacy Research Institute, Bhabha University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), India.
| | - Pooja Tagde
- Practice of Medicine Department, Govt. Homeopathy College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Tagde
- PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), India
| | - Tanima Bhattacharya
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, China; Department of Science & Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Vishal Garg
- Jaipur School of Pharmacy, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Sadarghat, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, South Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, South Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany A Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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23
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Mukhamedov N, Wubulikasimu A, Rustamova N, Nuerxiati R, Mirzaakhmedov S, Ishimov U, Ziyavitdinov J, Yili A, Aisa HA. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Chickpea Protein Hydrolysate-Vanadium Complexes Having Cell Inhibitory Effects on Lung Cancer A549 Cells Lines. Protein J 2021; 40:721-730. [PMID: 33993411 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-09979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Designing new types of drugs with preferred properties against cancer is a great issue for scientists dealing with synthesis and study of biological activity. Several organometallic compounds used in chemotherapy reveal side effects. Peptides from edible sources having no side effects may play a transport role in the delivery of anticancer metal ions into targeted tumor cells. For the last two decades, peptide-metal complexes have been considered as potential anticancer agents. In this work, oxovanadium complexes of peptides from Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds' protein hydrolysate were investigated. The albumin fraction of Chickpea seeds protein was hydrolyzed with a combination of enzymes papain, trypsin, and alcalase. The hydrolysate was combined with vanadyl ions and obtained oxovanadium complexes were studied by FTIR, SEM-EDX, and TG-DSC analyses, and cell inhibition activity against A549 cells was detected by MTT Assay. In a result, activity of the complexes (IC50 = 14.39 µg/mL) increased 1.7-fold compared to the activity of inorganic salt of vanadium (IC50 = 24.75 µg/mL) against A549 cells. The complexes (CPH-V) were fractionated through Sephadex G-15, and the second active fraction, named CPH-V G15-II was studied by nano-Q-TOF LC/MS. Nine peptides with a molecular mass range of 437-1864 Da were identified. Seven of them were theoretically considered as cell-penetrating peptides. These results could serve first steps for deeper fundamental research on food-derived peptide-vanadium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurkhodja Mukhamedov
- Key Laboratory of Plants Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Atikan Wubulikasimu
- Key Laboratory of Plants Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Nigora Rustamova
- Key Laboratory of Plants Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Rehebati Nuerxiati
- Key Laboratory of Plants Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Uchqun Ishimov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Tashkent Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Abulimiti Yili
- Key Laboratory of Plants Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- Key Laboratory of Plants Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
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24
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Dai J, Zhang Y, Chen D, Chen D, Li X, Wang J, Sun Y. Glabridin inhibits osteoarthritis development by protecting chondrocytes against oxidative stress, apoptosis and promoting mTOR mediated autophagy. Life Sci 2021; 268:118992. [PMID: 33417956 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative disease that affects the elderly. Thus far, no pharmacological therapy approved by regulators has shown a convincing effect on OA. Glabridin, a small molecule, is a well-known and powerful natural antioxidant, which has a strong scavenging effect on free radicals. This study attempted to explore the role and underlying mechanisms of Glabridin on OA both in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study, Glabridin was found to increase the expression levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) related genes, Collagen II, Aggrecan (ACAN), SRY-box 9 (SOX9) and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4). Moreover, Glabridin was observed to significantly reduce the level of oxidative stress in OA chondrocytes while effectively reducing the apoptosis of chondrocytes. Glabridin was also found to significantly increase the autophagy of human OA chondrocytes. During the in vivo study, intraarticular injection of Glabridin was observed to alleviate OA progression and protect chondrocytes against apoptosis following anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in rats. Furthermore, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) mediated autophagy was identified as one of the potential mediators of Glabridin activity. Overall, Glabridin protects articular cartilage from damage in rats with OA by protecting chondrocytes against oxidative stress, apoptosis and promoting mTOR mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Dai
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China; Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Deng Chen
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Duoyun Chen
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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25
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The Anticancer Effect of Natural Plant Alkaloid Isoquinolines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041653. [PMID: 33562110 PMCID: PMC7915290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoquinoline alkaloids-enriched herbal plants have been used as traditional folk medicine for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic effects. They induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy, leading to cell death. While the molecular mechanisms of these effects are not fully understood, it has been suggested that binding to nucleic acids or proteins, enzyme inhibition, and epigenetic modulation by isoquinoline alkaloids may play a role in the effects. This review discusses recent evidence on the molecular mechanisms by which the isoquinoline alkaloids can be a therapeutic target of cancer treatment.
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26
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Li H, Gao L, Min J, Yang Y, Zhang R. Neferine suppresses autophagy-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and adipocyte differentiation in Graves' orbitopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1949-1957. [PMID: 33443817 PMCID: PMC7882929 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies in Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) patient‐derived fibroblasts showed that inhibition of autophagy suppresses adipogenic differentiation. Autophagy activation is associated with inflammation, production of reactive oxygen species and fibrosis. Neferine is an alkaloid extracted from Nelumbo nucifera, which induces Nrf2 expression and inhibits autophagy. Here, we have elucidated the role of neferine on interleukin (IL)‐13‐induced autophagy using patient‐derived orbital fibroblasts as an in vitro model of GO. GO patient‐derived orbital fibroblasts were isolated and cultured to generate an in vitro model of GO. Autophagy was determined by Western blot detection of the markers such as Beclin‐1, Atg‐5 and LC3 and by immunofluorescence detection of autophagosome formation. Analysis of differentiation towards an adipogenic lineage was performed by Oil red O staining. The expression of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA and semiquantitative RT‐PCR. Neferine inhibited autophagy in GO orbital fibroblasts, as indicated by the suppression of IL‐13‐induced autophagosome formation, overexpression of autophagy markers, increased LC3‐II/LC3‐I levels and finally down‐regulation of p62. Neferine suppressed IL‐13‐induced inflammation, ROS generation, fibrosis and adipogenic differentiation in GO patient‐derived orbital fibroblasts. The anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and antiadipogenic effects of neferine were accompanied by the up‐regulation of Nrf2. These results indicated that orbital tissue remodelling and inflammation in GO may be mediated by autophagy, and neferine suppressed autophagy‐related inflammation and adipogenesis through a mechanism involving Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Longhua affiliated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Longhua affiliated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Longhua affiliated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Longhua affiliated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Longhua affiliated Hospital, Shanghai, China
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27
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Kim NY, Yang IJ, Kim S, Lee C. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seedpod extract inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells via downregulation of Axl. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13601. [PMID: 33381866 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent cause of cancer-related death. In this study, we found the anticancer activity of lotus seedpod extract (LSPE) in NSCLC cells, since LSPE treatment inhibited cell proliferation of A549 and H460 cells in a dose-dependent manner and the clonogenic activities of LSPE-treated cells were also reduced. In LSPE-treated cells, the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and phosphorylation of H2X, were also observed, indicating the pro-apoptotic effect of LSPE. Next, we found that LPSE treatment diminished the levels of protein and mRNA of Axl, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that transduces critical signals for cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. The promoter activity of Axl was found to be dose-dependently decreased in response to LSPE treatment, implying that LSPE inhibited Axl gene expression at transcriptional level. In addition, Axl overexpression was found to decrease the effects of LSPE on inhibition of cell proliferation and colony formation as well as induction of PARP cleavage and phosphorylation of H2AX, while the same activities of LPSE were increased by knockdown of Axl gene expression, indicating that the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of LSPE is inversely proportional to the protein level of Axl. Taken together, we found that the LSPE suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells, which is attenuated or augmented by overexpression or RNA interference of Axl expression, respectively. Our data suggest that Axl is a novel therapeutic target of LSPE to inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in NSCLC cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In this study, lotus seedpod extract (LSPE) was found to have the cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing potentials in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. LSPE downregulated the Axl expression at transcriptional level and the effects of LSPE on cell proliferation as well as apoptosis were affected by Axl protein level. Therefore, the inference of Axl-mediated intracellular signals by LSPE must be a novel approach to control NSCLC. Since our data imply that LSPE contains bioactive compounds targeting Axl, further studies to elucidate these compounds might discover a potent therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Yi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - ChuHee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
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28
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Zhao Q, Peng C, Zheng C, He XH, Huang W, Han B. Recent Advances in Characterizing Natural Products that Regulate Autophagy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:2177-2196. [PMID: 31749434 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191015104458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy, an intricate response to nutrient deprivation, pathogen infection, Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-stress and drugs, is crucial for the homeostatic maintenance in living cells. This highly regulated, multistep process has been involved in several diseases including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, especially in cancer. It can function as either a promoter or a suppressor in cancer, which underlines the potential utility as a therapeutic target. In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that many natural products could modulate autophagy through diverse signaling pathways, either inducing or inhibiting. In this review, we briefly introduce autophagy and systematically describe several classes of natural products that implicated autophagy modulation. These compounds are of great interest for their potential activity against many types of cancer, such as ovarian, breast, cervical, pancreatic, and so on, hoping to provide valuable information for the development of cancer treatments based on autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiang-Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China.,The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, United States
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29
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The role and regulatory mechanism of autophagy in hippocampal nerve cells of piglet damaged by deoxynivalenol. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 66:104837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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30
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Erdogan S, Turkekul K. Neferine inhibits proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer stem cells through p38 MAPK/JNK activation. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13253. [PMID: 32394497 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are one of the significant causes of cancer treatment failure and metastasis, as they have significant chemo-and radio-resistance leading to tumor recurrence. Here we investigated the possible anticancer properties of neferine, a natural alkaloid, on human prostate cancer (PCa) cells and their stem cells. CD44+ CSCs were isolated from androgen-insensitive PC3 cells by magnetic-activated cell sorting system (MACS). Neferine dose-and time-dependently inhibited the viability of PC3 and CSCs as well as androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Neferine was shown to downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and CDK4, and upregulate caspase 3, clePARP, p21, p27, and p53. The treatment significantly inhibits the migration of CSCs. Neferine induces JNK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and downregulates PI3K and NF-ĸβ signaling. In conclusion, neferine may have a therapeutic effect inhibiting the PCa cell proliferation as well as by eliminating CSCs. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Neferine is an alkaloid found in the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera and has recently been shown to have anticancer effects on various human cancer cells. More than 90% of cancer-related deaths develop after metastasis, and CSCs are considered to be largely responsible for the cell migration and invasion. It has been shown that treatment of neferine kills not only PCa cells but also CSCs, and may contribute to the prevention of progression of PCa and metastasis by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Erdogan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Kader Turkekul
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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31
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Forouzanfar F, Mousavi SH. Targeting Autophagic Pathways by Plant Natural Compounds in Cancer Treatment. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:1237-1249. [PMID: 32364070 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200504072635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, natural compounds of plant origin with anticancer effects have gained more attention because of their clinical safety and broad efficacy profiles. Autophagy is a multistep lysosomal degradation pathway that may have a unique potential for clinical benefit in the setting of cancer treatment. To retrieve articles related to the study, the databases of Google Scholar, Web of sciences, Medline and Scopus, using the following keywords: Autophagic pathways; herbal medicine, oncogenic autophagic pathways, tumor-suppressive autophagic pathways, and cancer were searched. Although natural plant compounds such as resveratrol, curcumin, oridonin, gossypol, and paclitaxel have proven anticancer potential via autophagic signaling pathways, there is still a great need to find new natural compounds and investigate the underlying mechanisms, to facilitate their clinical use as potential anticancer agents through autophagic induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hadi Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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32
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Dasari S, Bakthavachalam V, Chinnapaka S, Venkatesan R, Samy ALPA, Munirathinam G. Neferine, an alkaloid from lotus seed embryo targets HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells via pro-oxidant anticancer mechanism. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2366-2384. [PMID: 32364634 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis and autophagy are important processes that control cellular homeostasis and have been highlighted as promising targets for novel anticancer drugs. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of Neferine (Nef), an alkaloid from the lotus seed embryos of Nelumbo nucifera (N. nucifera), as a dual inducer of apoptosis and autophagy through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation in cervical cancer cells. Nef and N. nucifera extract suppressed the cell viability of HeLa and SiHa cells in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, Nef showed minimal toxicity to normal cells. Furthermore, Nef inhibited anchorage-independent growth, colony formation and migration ability of cervical cancer cells. Nef induces mitochondrial apoptosis by increasing pro-apoptotic protein bax, cytochrome-c, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9, poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage, DNA damage (pH2 AX) while downregulating Bcl-2, procaspase-3 and procaspase-9, and TCTP. Of note, apoptotic effect by Nef was significantly attenuated in the presence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting pro-oxidant activity of this compound. Nef also promoted autophagy induction through increasing beclin-1, atg-4, atg-5 and atg-12, LC-3 activation, and P 62/SQSTM1 as determined by western blot analysis. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Nef is a potent anticancer compound against cervical cancer cells through inducing apoptosis and autophagic pathway involving ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanyam Dasari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Velavan Bakthavachalam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Somaiah Chinnapaka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Reshmii Venkatesan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Angela L P A Samy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois, USA
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33
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FAS/FAS-L-mediated apoptosis and autophagy of SPC-A-1 cells induced by water-soluble polysaccharide from Polygala tenuifolia. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:449-458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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34
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Meng X, Xia C, Ye Q, Nie X. tert-Butyl-p-benzoquinone induces autophagy by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells. Food Funct 2020; 11:4193-4201. [PMID: 32352125 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00281j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
tert-Butyl-p-benzoquinone (TBBQ), a metabolite of tert-butylhydroquinone from food, has cytotoxicity, the underlying mechanism of which is not clear. In this study, the viability of RAW 264.7 cells exposed to TBBQ at concentrations of 0.5-10 μg mL-1 was assayed by MTT. Results suggest that TBBQ decreased the viability in a dose-dependent manner. Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining results indicate the occurrence of autophagy induced by TBBQ, which was manifested by activation of LC3-II concurrent with the increased levels of Beclin1 and reduced levels of p62. Elevated lipid peroxide and decreased SOD activity by TBBQ exposure suggest the overproduction of ROS, which may account for the increase in the genotoxic stress protein p53. Both upregulation of p53 and reduction of Akt levels inhibited mTOR, which activated autophagy. Addition of 3-MA counteracted the impact of TBBQ on ATG proteins and cell viability. All of these results suggest that TBBQ induces autophagy of RAW 264.7 cells principally by inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and they implicate ROS in this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
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Nazim UM, Yin H, Park SY. Downregulation of c‑FLIP and upregulation of DR‑5 by cantharidin sensitizes TRAIL‑mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via autophagy flux. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:280-288. [PMID: 32319535 PMCID: PMC7255450 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apop-tosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a type II transmembrane protein, is a part of the TNF superfamily of cytokines. Cantharidin, a type of terpenoid, is extracted from the blister beetles (Mylabris genus) used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Cantharidin elicits antibiotic, antiviral and antitumor effects, and can affect the immune response. The present study demonstrated that a cantharidin and TRAIL combination treatment regimen elicited a synergistic outcome in TRAIL-resistant DU145 cells. Notably, it was also identified that cantharidin treatment initiated the downregulation of cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and upregulation of death receptor 5 (DR-5), and sensitized cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by initiating autophagy flux. In addition, cantharidin treatment increased lipid-modified microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B expression and significantly attenuated sequestosome 1 expression. Attenuation of autophagy flux by a specific inhibitor such as chloroquine and genetic modification using ATG5 small interfering RNA abrogated the cantharidin-mediated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Overall, the results of the present study revealed that cantharidin effectively sensitized cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and its effects are likely to be mediated by autophagy, the downregulation of c-FLIP and the upregulation of DR-5. They also suggested that the combination of cantharidin and TRAIL may be a successful therapeutic strategy for TRAIL-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddin Md Nazim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Honghua Yin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
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Nazim UM, Yin H, Park SY. Neferine treatment enhances the TRAIL‑induced apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells via autophagic flux and the JNK pathway. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:1152-1161. [PMID: 32319589 PMCID: PMC7115353 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common type of cancer among males, with a relatively high mortality rate. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, initiates the apoptosis of certain cancer cells. Neferine, a primary ingredient of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, has various antitumor activities. The present study examined the effects of neferine treatment on human PCa cells. Human prostate cancer (DU145) cells were treated with neferine for 18 h, and subsequently treated with TRAIL for 2 h. Combined treatment with neferine and TRAIL significantly decreased cell viability compared to treatment with TRAIL alone. Furthermore, neferine treatment decreased the expression of p62 and increased LC3B-II expression, as assessed by western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. It was alsp demonstrated that neferine and TRAIL act synergistically to trigger autophagy in PCa cells, as revealed by autophagosome formation, LC3B-II accumulation demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) upregulation. When the autophagic flux was attenuated by the inhibitor, chloroquine, or by genetically modified ATG5 siRNA, the enhancement of TRAIL-induced autophagy by neferine-induced was also attenuated. Furthermore, treatment with the JNK inhibitor, SP600125, distinctly increased the viability of the cells treated with neferine and TRAIL. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that neferine treatment effectively promotes TRAIL-mediated cell death and this effect likely occurs via the autophagic flux and the JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddin Md Nazim
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Honghua Yin
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
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Ozal SA, Gurlu V, Turkekul K, Guclu H, Erdogan S. Neferine inhibits epidermal growth factor-induced proliferation and migration of retinal pigment epithelial cells through downregulating p38 MAPK and PI3K/AKT signalling. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2020; 39:97-105. [DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2020.1730882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadik Altan Ozal
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Vuslat Gurlu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Kader Turkekul
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hande Guclu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Suat Erdogan
- Department of Medical Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Manogaran P, Beeraka NM, Padma VV. The Cytoprotective and Anti-cancer Potential of Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from Nelumbo nucifera. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2940-2957. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191116160908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
:
Natural product therapy has been gaining therapeutic importance against various diseases,
including cancer. The failure of chemotherapy due to its associated adverse effects promoted adjunct
therapy with natural products. Phytochemicals exert anti-carcinogenic activities through the regulation
of various cell signaling pathways such as cell survival, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy and metastasis.
The ‘small molecule-chemosensitizing agents’ from plants induce apoptosis in drug-resistant and
host-immune resistant cancer cells in in vitro as well as in vivo models. For example, alkaloids from Nelumbo
nucifera, liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine exert the anticancer activity through enhanced
ROS generation, activation of MAP kinases, followed by induction of autophagy and apoptotic cell
death. Likewise, these alkaloids also exert their cytoprotective action against cerebrovascular
stroke/ischemic stroke, diabetes, and chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity. Therefore, the present review
elucidates the pharmacological activities of these bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids which include the cytoprotective,
anticancer and chemosensitizing abilities against various diseases such as cardiovascular
diseases, neurological diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasath Manogaran
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narasimha Murthy Beeraka
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Viswanadha Vijaya Padma
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Neferine induces autophagy-dependent cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancers via ryanodine receptor and Ca 2+-dependent mechanism. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20034. [PMID: 31882989 PMCID: PMC6934498 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy is a significant clinical concern and mechanisms regulating cell death in cancer therapy, including apoptosis, autophagy or necrosis, have been extensively investigated over the last decade. Accordingly, the identification of medicinal compounds against chemoresistant cancer cells via new mechanism of action is highly desired. Autophagy is important in inducing cell death or survival in cancer therapy. Recently, novel autophagy activators isolated from natural products were shown to induce autophagic cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancer cells in a calcium-dependent manner. Therefore, enhancement of autophagy may serve as additional therapeutic strategy against these resistant cancers. By computational docking analysis, biochemical assays, and advanced live-cell imaging, we identified that neferine, a natural alkaloid from Nelumbo nucifera, induces autophagy by activating the ryanodine receptor and calcium release. With well-known apoptotic agents, such as staurosporine, taxol, doxorubicin, cisplatin and etoposide, utilized as controls, neferine was shown to induce autophagic cell death in a panel of cancer cells, including apoptosis-defective and -resistant cancer cells or isogenic cancer cells, via calcium mobilization through the activation of ryanodine receptor and Ulk-1-PERK and AMPK-mTOR signaling cascades. Taken together, this study provides insights into the cytotoxic mechanism of neferine-induced autophagy through ryanodine receptor activation in resistant cancers.
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Abstract
As a double-edged sword, autophagy in cancer cells could either suppress or promote tumorigenesis. Nowadays, more and more natural compounds with autophagy-regulating activities exhibit therapeutic effects against various cancers. N-Heterocycle derivatives plays an important role for discovery new drugs. In this review, we summarize and classify 116 N-heterocycle derivatives with autophagy-regulating activities in the past decade into 12 classes according to structure characteristics. The structural features, bioactivities, mechanism and problems faced in this field are discussed and reported for the first time. Some of these even exhibited outstanding in vivo antitumor activities, including bisaminoquinoline (3), pancratistatin (8), 10-hydroxyevodiamine (18), lycorine (28), piperine (31) and iridium (III) complex (57), which are potential drug candidates for antitumor therapy.
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Yang H, Zhang R, Jia C, Chen M, Yin W, Wei L, Jiao H. Neuronal protective effect of Songling Xuemaikang capsules alone and in combination with carbamazepine on epilepsy in kainic acid-kindled rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:22-28. [PMID: 30724642 PMCID: PMC6366425 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1563619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Epilepsy is a common life-threatening neurological disorder that is often drug-resistant and associated with cognitive impairment. The traditional Chinese patent medicine Songling Xuemaikang capsules (SXC) is clinically used for epilepsy therapy and alleviation of cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the neuronal protective effect of SXC combined with carbamazepine (CBZ) on epilepsy and cognitive impairment in kainic acid-kindled SD rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Kainic acid-kindled rats were established by injection of 0.45 μg kainic acid and randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 14): saline (sham-operated), control, CBZ, SXC and CBZ + SXC combined group. Rats in the treatment groups received CBZ (50 mg/kg/d), SXC (600 mg/kg/d) or combined CBZ (50 mg/kg/d) + SXC (600 mg/kg/d) via intragastric injection for 60 days. Epileptic behaviours, cognitive impairment, neuronal apoptosis and expression of p-Akt, Akt and caspase-9 were measured, and the alleviation of cognitive damage and neuronal apoptosis was analyzed. RESULTS The combined administration of SXC and CBZ significantly decreased the frequency of seizures (1.2 ± 0.3) and the number of episodes (1.3 ± 0.5) above stage III (p < 0.05). Neuronal apoptosis was improved (p < 0.01), and cognitive damage was ameliorated (p < 0.05).The level of p-Akt was enhanced (p < 0.01) whereas the expression of caspase-9 was evidently inhibited (p < 0.01) in the combined group. CONCLUSIONS The present findings confirm that the combined use of SXC with CBZ can effectively control epileptic seizures, alleviate damage to hippocampal neurons and protect against cognitive impairment. The mechanism of action might be related to the upregulation of p-Akt and inhibition of caspase-9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haisheng Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Manogaran P, Beeraka NM, Huang CY, Vijaya Padma V. Neferine and isoliensinine enhance ‘intracellular uptake of cisplatin’ and induce ‘ROS-mediated apoptosis’ in colorectal cancer cells – A comparative study. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110652. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Targeting Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer via Chinese Herbal Medicine. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9240426. [PMID: 31583051 PMCID: PMC6754955 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9240426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, reactive oxygen species (ROS), a class of highly bioactive molecules, have been extensively studied in cancers. Cancer cells typically exhibit higher levels of basal ROS than normal cells, primarily due to their increased metabolism, oncogene activation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This moderate increase in ROS levels facilitates cancer initiation, development, and progression; however, excessive ROS concentrations can lead to various types of cell death. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that either increase intracellular ROS to toxic levels or, conversely, decrease the levels of ROS may be effective in treating cancers via ROS regulation. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is a major type of natural medicine and has greatly contributed to human health. CHMs have been increasingly used for adjuvant clinical treatment of tumors. Although their mechanism of action is unclear, CHMs can execute a variety of anticancer effects by regulating intracellular ROS. In this review, we summarize the dual roles of ROS in cancers, present a comprehensive analysis of and update the role of CHM—especially its active compounds and ingredients—in the prevention and treatment of cancers via ROS regulation and emphasize precautions and strategies for the use of CHM in future research and clinical trials.
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Prasath M, Narasimha MB, Chih-Yang H, Viswanadha VP. Neferine and isoliensinine from Nelumbo nucifera induced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in colorectal cancer HCT-15 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.5897/ajpp2019.5036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Dong Q, Ouyang W, Qin Q. Neferine in the Lotus Plumule Potentiates the Antitumor Effect of Imatinib in Primary Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro. J Food Sci 2019; 84:904-910. [PMID: 30866043 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib, the prototype BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is the first-line treatment for Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase. However, a subgroup of patients exhibit poor response or experience relapse. This issue may be overcome by combination therapy using natural compounds. Neferine, a major bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from "lotus plumule" (seed embryo of lotus) commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine and tea, was used herein in the combination treatment of CML. The MTT assay showed that neferine exerted cytotoxicity in primary CML cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, low concentrations of neferine (4 and 8 µM) sensitized primary CML cells to imatinib (CI < 1), and significantly decreased its IC50 from 0.70 ± 0.10 to 0.32 ± 0.06 µM and 0.16 ± 0.02 µM, respectively. Cotreatment of neferine and imatinib significantly decreased the expression of BCR-ABL protein and its molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) mRNA and protein levels, and further decreased phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (p-Erk1/2) and myeloid cell leukemia (Mcl-1) expression. These results suggest that neferine might be a potential imatinib sensitizer in CML treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In China, Lotus plumule, the green embryo of lotus, is used as a tea and as a source of herbal medicine in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia, spermatorrhea, and thirst. Additional, neferine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from lotus plumule has been shown to have antitumor potential. Herein, the effect of neferine and imatinib cotreatment on primary CML cells obtained from CML patients was assessed, with a synergistic effect being observed between the two compounds. Therefore, neferine might be a promising natural compound to potentiate imatinib in CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Zhang
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South Univ., Changsha, China
| | - Yuhang Xiao
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South Univ., Changsha, China
| | - Qixing Dong
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South Univ., Changsha, China
| | | | - Qun Qin
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South Univ., Changsha, China
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Yang Y, Liu Q, Xu G, Zhang R, Pang Q. ROS generation and autophagosome accumulation contribute to the DMAMCL-induced inhibition of glioma cell proliferation by regulating the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway and suppressing the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1867-1880. [PMID: 30881039 PMCID: PMC6413739 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s195329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chemotherapy after surgery can prolong the survival of patients with gliomas. Dimethylaminomicheliolide (DMAMCL), a novel chemotherapeutic agent, exhibited antitumor properties in acute myeloid leukemia stem cells and showed an increased drug concentration in the brain. This study aims to investigate the specific anticancer activities and mechanisms of DMAMCL in glioma cells. Materials and methods In this study, the effects of DMAMCL were evaluated and characterized in U87-MG and U251 glioma cells. Cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Autophagosome formation was observed with transmission electron microscopy, and the autophagy flux was measured by transfecting cells with mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenoviral vectors. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses were used to determine the expression of proteins. Results In the present study, treatment with DMAMCL decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in U87-MG and U251 glioma cells. Additionally, DMAMCL activated autophagy-mediated cell death as evidenced by the formation of autophagosomes, accumulation of LC3B-II, inhibition of autophagy flux, and increase in cell viability after cotreatment with an autophagy inhibitor. Subsequent experiments showed that the DMAMCL-induced apoptosis and autophagy were possibly mediated by ROS generation and Akt/mTOR signaling pathway inhibition. On the other hand, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine and the Akt activator insulin-like growth factor-1 attenuated the DMAMCL-induced autophagy and cell death. Conclusion Our findings revealed that DMAMCL induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death by regulating the ROS/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and suppressing the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in human glioma cells. DMAMCL may be a novel effective anticancer agent, which can target gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Jiachen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Yihang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University Cheeloo College Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Guangming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
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Wu C, Chen J, Yang R, Duan F, Li S, Chen X. Mitochondrial protective effect of neferine through the modulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signalling in ischaemic stroke. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:400-415. [PMID: 30414381 PMCID: PMC6329622 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ischaemic stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability. Promising neuroprotective compounds are urgently needed to overcome clinical therapeutic limitations. Neuroprotective agents are limited to single-target agents, which further limit their clinical effectiveness. Due to the brain's particular energy requirements, the energy micro-environment, centred in mitochondria, is a new research hotspot in the complex pathology of ischaemic stroke. Here, we studied the effects of neferine (Nef), a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, on ischaemic stroke and its underlying mitochondrial protective mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO)-induced focal cerebral ischaemia and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-injured PC12 cells were used to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Nef, particularly with regard to energy micro-environment regulation by mitochondria and its mechanism in vivo and in vitro. KEY RESULTS Nef protected t-BHP-injured PC12 cells in vitro and ameliorated neurological score, infarct volume, regional cerebral blood flow, cerebral microstructure and oxidant-related enzyme deficits in pMCAO rats in vivo. Nef also prevented mitochondrial dysfunction both in vivo and in vitro. The underlying mechanism of the mitochondrial protective effect of Nef might be attributed to the increased translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus. Furthermore, the translocation of Nrf2 to nucleus was also decreased by sequestosome 1 (p62) knockdown. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results demonstrated that Nef might have therapeutic potential for ischaemic stroke and may exert its protective role through mitochondrial protection. This protection might be attributed to the modulation of Nrf2 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauMacaoChina
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ruocong Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Feipeng Duan
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Shaojing Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauMacaoChina
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Pham DC, Chang YC, Lin SR, Fuh YM, Tsai MJ, Weng CF. FAK and S6K1 Inhibitor, Neferine, Dually Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123110. [PMID: 30486505 PMCID: PMC6321370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neuroblastoma cancer is the most typical extracranial solid tumor. Yet, new remedial treatment therapies are demanded to overcome its sluggish survival rate. Neferine, isolated from the lotus embryos, inhibits the proliferation of various cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer activity of neferine in IMR32 human neuroblastoma cells and to expose the concealable molecular mechanisms. IMR32 cells were treated with different concentrations of neferine, followed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to assess cell viability. In an effort to determine the molecular mechanisms in neferine-incubated IMR32 cells, cell cycle arrest, cell migration, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), the 70-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), caspase-3, Beclin-1, and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) protein expressions were investigated. Neferine strongly disrupted the neuroblastoma cell growth via induction of G2/M phase arrest. Furthermore, neferine provoked autophagy and apoptosis in IMR32 cells, confirmed by p-FAK, and p-S6K1 reduction, LC3-II accumulation, Beclin-1 overexpression, and cleaved caspase-3/PARP improvement. Finally, neferine markedly retarded cell migration of neuroblastoma cancer cells. As a result, our findings for the first time showed an explicit anti-cancer effect of neferine in IMR32 cells, suggesting that neferine might be a potential candidate against human neuroblastoma cells to improve clinical outcomes with further in vivo investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Chuong Pham
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Yu-Chuan Chang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Shian-Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Ming Fuh
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - May-Jywan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11260, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
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Xue F, Liu Z, Xu J, Xu X, Chen X, Tian F. Neferine inhibits growth and migration of gastrointestinal stromal tumor cell line GIST-T1 by up-regulation of miR-449a. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1951-1959. [PMID: 30551450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) threatens the health of middle-aged and older people with high recurrence rate and low survival rate. In this study, Neferin (Nef) was hoped to control growth and migration of GIST cell line GIST-T1. METHODS Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay, Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining method, and Transwell assay, respectively. The expression level of miR-449a was determined by qRT-PCR. Cell transfection was conducted to alter the expression level of miR-449a. Protein expression levels of key factors involved in cell cycle, cell apoptosis, cell migration, PI3K/AKT pathway and Notch pathways were analyzed by western boltting. RESULTS Nef significantly inhibited GIST-T1 cell viability, proliferation, migration, but promoted cell apoptosis. The expression level of miR-449a was up-regulated in GIST-T1 cells after Nef treatment. Suppression of miR-449a reversed the Nef-induced GIST-T1 cell proliferation and migration inhibition, as well as cell apoptosis. Importantly, Nef inactivated PI3K/AKT and Notch pathways in GIST-T1 cells by up-regulating miR-449a. Inhibitors of PI3K/AKT and Notch pathways notably reversed the effects of Nef + miR-449a inhibitor on GIST-T1 cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Besides, Nef also suppressed human gastric cancer SGC7901 cell migration and induced cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Nef suppressed growth and migration of GIST-T1 cells possibly via up-regulation of miR-449a and then inactivation of PI3K/AKT and Notch pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxi Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Zhaoxia Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Xiaoguang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Xingtian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, China.
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Wu X, Guo Y, Min X, Pei L, Chen X. Neferine, a Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloid, Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1263-1279. [PMID: 30149754 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Both the incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) are increasing throughout the world. Neferine, a natural alkaloid, demonstrated a variety of biological activities. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of neferine was investigated. Raw264.7 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS plus Z-VAD-fmk (Z-VAD). The inhibitory effect of neferine on secretion of nitrite, cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-[Formula: see text]) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was determined. The protective effect of neferine was investigated in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mouse model. Neferine significantly inhibited LPS and LPS plus Z-VAD induced secretion of nitrite, cytokines, and expression of iNOS and COX-2. Oral administration of neferine (10[Formula: see text]mg/kg and 25[Formula: see text]mg/kg) significantly reduced DSS-induced mouse weight loss, decreased disease activity index (DAI) scores, improved colon pathological changes, and decreased plasma cytokines. In addition, neferine significantly inhibited the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1), RIP3, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), and increased the protein expression of caspase-8 in colon tissues. These data suggest that neferine was a potent anti-inflammatory agent against LPS and DSS induced inflammation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Wu
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Guo
- † Key Lab for Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjing Min
- † Key Lab for Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Pei
- ‡ Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, P. R. China.,† Key Lab for Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, P. R. China
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