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Yang H, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Zhang B, Fan J, Zhao H, Zhang B. Utilization of Peptidoglycans from Lactic Acid Bacterial Cell Walls for the Mitigation of Acrylamide and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. TOXICS 2024; 12:380. [PMID: 38922060 PMCID: PMC11209152 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12060380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which are potentially carcinogenic to humans, are often produced during the hot processing of foods. This study first used a molecular docking model to simulate the binding behavior of four lactic acid bacteria peptidoglycans (PGNs) to AA/HMF, and the binding rate of LAB-based PGNs to AA/HMF was evaluated in vitro. In silico results show that interaction energy is the driving force responsible for the adsorption of LAB-derived PGNs to AA/HMF. In vitro results showed that the PGN of B. lactis B1-04 bound the most AA (28.7%) and HMF (48.0%), followed by L. acidophilus NCFM, B. breve CICC 6079, and L. plantarum CICC 22135. Moreover, an AA/HMF-bound layer on the cell surface of B. lactis B1-04 was observed via AFM and SEM due to adsorption. XPS analysis indicated the removal rate of AA/HMF by selected strains was positively correlated with the proportion of C-O, C=O, and N-H groups of PGNs. The atoms O1, O2, O3, O4, N1, N2, N3, H1, and H2 are involved in the adsorption of LAB-based PGNs to AA/HMF. Thus, the PGNs derived from these four Lactobacillus strains can be regarded as natural adsorbents for the binding of AA/HMF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hongfei Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Bolin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (J.F.)
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2
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Silva-Paz RJ, Ocrospoma-Dueñas RW, Eguilas-Caushi YM, Padilla-Fabian RA, Jamanca-Gonzales NC. Sensory Evaluation through RATA and Sorting Task of Commercial and Traditional Panettones Sold in Peru. Foods 2024; 13:1508. [PMID: 38790807 PMCID: PMC11120088 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In Peru, the consumption of panettone has increased, highlighting the importance of its sensory aspect, quality and price for its acceptance. This study evaluated sensory, physicochemical, texture and color attributes in commercial and traditional panettones. The RATA descriptive test and the discriminative sorting task were used, with 168 and 92 consumers, respectively. In addition, acceptability and purchase intention were evaluated. Significant differences were found between the samples; the traditional panettone showed lower weight, pH and fat content. Regarding the color of the crust and crumb, differences were also observed between both types. Regarding texture, traditional panettone showed less hardness and chewiness compared to commercial ones. The sorting method allowed us to differentiate the samples, where consumers differentiated the traditional panettone from the commercial ones, although within the commercial ones, they also found differences. The RATA test showed a similar behavior, traditional panettones were described as spongy, with fruits and a strong smell, unlike the commercial ones characterized as greasy, brown and fibrous. It is concluded that sensory methods are useful to understand the quality of panettone along with the physicochemical parameters, which influence consumer preferences according to the sensory characteristics and the quality of the ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reynaldo J. Silva-Paz
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Industrias Alimentarias, Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Barranca, Av. Toribio de Luzuriaga N° 376 Mz J. Urb. La Florida, Barranca 15169, Peru (Y.M.E.-C.); (R.A.P.-F.); (N.C.J.-G.)
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3
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Li F, Wang Y, Liao H, Long Y, Yu Q, Xie J, Chen Y. Exploring correlations between soy sauce components and the formation of thermal contaminants during low-salt solid-state fermentation. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114113. [PMID: 38519168 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Soy sauce is a traditional seasoning in Asia and provides a unique flavor to food. However, some harmful Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were inevitably formed during the manufacturing process. Fermentation is a critical step of soy sauce manufacturing and has a significant impact on MRPs formation. Therefore, this study investigated the formation of some characteristic MRPs (e.g., furan, carboxymethyl lysine (CML), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), α-dicarbonyl compounds) and their correlation with major quality indicators (e.g., free amino acids, reducing sugar, total acid, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, non-salt soluble solids) in low-salt solid-state fermentation soy sauce (LSFSS). The result showed that the levels of furan, CML, and 5-HMF continue to increase during the fermentation process, reaching a maximum after sterilization. Further testing using Person correlation showed that the formation of furan, CML, and 5-HMF in LSFSS was positively correlated with glucose, fructose, α-dicarbonyl compounds, and most of the amino acids, while it was negatively correlated with sucrose and methionine. Among them, the contribution of lysine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, and arginine to furan formation has rarely been reported. Our results provide a good theoretical basis for the control of MRPs during LSFSS fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - You Long
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Zhang Z, Chen Y, Deng P, He Z, Qin F, Chen Q, Wang Z, Pan H, Chen J, Zeng M. Research progress on generation, detection and inhibition of multiple hazards - acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, advanced glycation end products, methylimidazole - in baked goods. Food Chem 2024; 431:137152. [PMID: 37603996 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
While baking produces attractive flavors for foods, it also generates various endogenous by-products, including acrylamide (AA), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and methylimidazole (MI). This review briefly presents the recent studies on the above hazards, and research progress on the formation and control of the above substances in detail. There have been more detailed studies on a single category of hazards. However, few studies and reports have considered the integrated prevention and control of multiple hazards, which is related to the difficulty of analyzing the reaction mechanisms of multiple hazards at multiple scales and under multiple phases in complex food matrices. In this regard, the sample pretreatment methods are a crucial step in achieving simultaneous detection. The coordinated implementation of various methods, including reducing precursor levels, modifying baking conditions and equipment, and incorporating exogenous additives, is necessary to achieve a synchronized reduction in multiple hazardous substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zening Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Peng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongyang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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5
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El-Sayed AA, Abdelhady MM, Jaafari SA, Alanazi TM, Mohammed AS. Impact of Some Enzymatic Treatments on Acrylamide Content in Biscuits. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11041041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in many heat-treatment foods in 2002, many efforts have been made to reduce acrylamide levels in foods. Methods to reduce acrylamide levels by reducing Maillard reaction products have been considered. However, baking cookies produces acrylamide, a carcinogenic compound. This study aimed to use a new quantitative index and formula for L-asparaginase, glucose oxidase, their 1:1 blending enzymes, baker’s yeast, and green tea powder (0.5 g/kg wheat flour) at a new proposed temperature of 37 °C for 30 min to reduce acrylamide production in biscuits and bakery products using new indicators such as asparagine reduction (%), the asparagine/acrylamide ratio, acrylamide reduction (%), and the asparagine/reducing sugar ratio. The highest acrylamide concentrations were reduced from 865 mg/kg in the blank sample (BT0) to 260 and 215 mg/kg in the mixed enzyme powder (1:1) (BT3)- and BT4-treated samples, respectively. The biscuit samples treated with 0.5 g/kg L-asparaginase reduced the acrylamide levels by approximately 67.63%, while the BT3 samples showed acrylamide levels of 69.94% and asparagine levels of 68.75% and 47%, respectively, compared with percentage in the untreated sample (blank), 95%. This percentage was 54.16% for the BT4 samples. The results showed that acrylamide was formed during baking, and all treatment samples inhibited its formation, making it possible to produce foods with low levels of acrylamide in starchy foods in the food industry at 37 °C for 30 min and preserving the quality and nutritional value of the final product. It can be used as a specialty food or functional food and protects school-agechildren, as well as youth on campus, from approximately 70–80% of their daily intake of acrylamide.
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Simões de Borba V, Cunha Lemos A, Paiva Rodrigues MH, Barnes Rodrigues Cerqueira M, Badiale-Furlong E. Acrylamide and hydroxymethylfurfural in cakes: An approach to reduce the formation of processing contaminants in sweet bakery products. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112518. [PMID: 36869519 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In bakery products, beyond the heat treatment conditions, the type of flour and the combination with other ingredients in different ratios can increase or mitigate the formation of processing contaminants. In this study, a central composite design and a principal component analysis (PCA) were used to assess how the formulation affects the formation of acrylamide (AA) and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in wholemeal and white cakes. The HMF levels (45-138 µg/kg) were up to 13 times lower than the AA (393-970 µg/kg) in cakes. The PCA showed that the proteins increased the AA formation during the dough baking, while the reducing sugar and the browning index were related to HMF formation in the cake crust. The total daily exposure of AA + HMF when consuming wholemeal cake is 1.8 times higher than white cake consumption, in which the values of margin of exposure (MOE), below < 10,000, demonstrated that AA showed a greater risk of exposure than HMF (MOE values > 10,000). Therefore, a good strategy to avoid high AA levels in cakes is to use of refined wheat flour and water in the formulation. In contrast, the advantage of wholemeal cake about their nutritional value should not be disregarded, thus, the use of water in its preparation and moderate consumption are strategies that could be adopted to reduce the risk of exposure to AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verônica Simões de Borba
- Mycotoxins and Food Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Cunha Lemos
- Mycotoxins and Food Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Marcy Heli Paiva Rodrigues
- Mycotoxins and Food Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maristela Barnes Rodrigues Cerqueira
- Mycotoxins and Food Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Eliana Badiale-Furlong
- Mycotoxins and Food Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Man Z, Chen R, Feng Y, Xiao J, Yang H, Wu X. Revealing the formation mechanism of epigallocatechin–5-hydroxymethylfurfural complexes by molecular simulation combined with spectroscopy techniques. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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8
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Influence of lupin and chickpea flours on acrylamide formation and quality characteristics of biscuits. Food Chem 2023; 402:134221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Hazardous Chemical Compounds in Cookies: The Role of Sugars and the Kinetics of Their Formation during Baking. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244066. [PMID: 36553808 PMCID: PMC9777895 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Baking goods are an essential part of the diet worldwide and are consumed daily, so they represent ideal foods for vehicle health- and unhealth-promoting substances. This work aimed to study the influence of sugars and baking conditions of cookies on the final levels of the main reported hazardous chemical compounds such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO). The replacement of sucrose with fructose or glucose in the cookies recipe deeply modifies the levels of α-dicarbonyl compounds (DCs), particularly 3-DG, independently of the baking temperature used. A longer baking time, even a few minutes, can drastically modify the HMF level in cookies and the use of fructose or glucose in the recipe seems to ensure the optimal conditions for generating this compound. The use of sucrose is required to keep levels of the hazardous compounds below a few mg/kg. Additionally, the ability to retain water, the titratable acidity and/or the pH of the final products were influenced by the used sugars with effects on the final levels of DCs and HMF. The highest Ea values determined for DCs and HMF formation in the cookies with sucrose suggest that this system requires very high temperatures to increase meaningful levels of these molecules, limiting their accumulation.
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10
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Acrylamide mitigation in foods using recombinant L-asparaginase: An extremozyme from Himalayan Pseudomonas sp. PCH182. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111936. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Verma V, Singh V, Chauhan OP, Yadav N. Comparative evaluation of conventional and advanced frying methods on hydroxymethylfurfural and acrylamide formation in French fries. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Verma V, Yadav N. Inhibition of acrylamide and
5‐hydroxymethylfurfural
formation in French fries by additives in model reaction. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Verma
- Centre of Food Technology, IPS University of Allahabad Prayagraj India
| | - Neelam Yadav
- Centre of Food Technology, IPS University of Allahabad Prayagraj India
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13
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Effects of Sodium Alginate, Pectin and Chitosan Addition on the Physicochemical Properties, Acrylamide Formation and Hydroxymethylfurfural Generation of Air Fried Biscuits. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14193961. [PMID: 36235909 PMCID: PMC9572387 DOI: 10.3390/polym14193961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of sodium alginate, pectin and chitosan addition (0.5–1.5%) on the physicochemical properties including pH, water activity, moisture content, color values, hardness, diameter, thickness, spread ratio, antioxidant activities and sensory scores of biscuits in air frying processing. In addition, the formation of acrylamide and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) were discussed. Physicochemical properties of biscuits including water content, water activity, hardness, appearance, shape, color, flavor, texture, overall acceptability, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of biscuits were not influenced significantly by the addition (0.5–1.0%) of three food hydrocolloids. The data showed that the biscuits with hydrocolloids addition had lower acrylamide contents than that of the control biscuit without hydrocolloids addition, and the reducing power of biscuits increased after adding the hydrocolloids. The highest mitigation of acrylamide formation was obtained by the chitosan addition formulation. The formation of acrylamide showed a negative correlation with the content of sodium alginate and chitosan addition, and they were effective ingredients in terms of mitigating the formation of acrylamide in biscuit formulation.
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14
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Haider NN, Altemimi AB, George SS, Baioumy AA, El-Maksoud AAA, Pasqualone A, Abedelmaksoud TG. Nutritional Quality and Safety Characteristics of Imported Biscuits Marketed in Basrah, Iraq. APPLIED SCIENCES 2022; 12:9065. [DOI: 10.3390/app12189065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The ingredients and the preparation methods influence biscuit quality and safety. In Iraq, biscuit imports are increasing every year, but no information is available in the scientific literature on their quality and safety features. This work analyzed three types of biscuits (cookies, crackers, and digestives) sampled in the Basrah markets (Iraq) but produced in Spain, Iran, Turkey, and United Arab Emirates. Nine different brands were considered for each country of origin (n = 36), with three replicates per sample. Moisture, ash, fat, proteins, fiber, water activity, peroxide value, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF), acrylamide, heavy metals, and microbial load were analyzed. All the nutritional parameters were significantly influenced by the variables “Biscuit type” and “Country”. Cookies showed significantly higher fat content and lower protein content than crackers and digestives, as well as higher peroxide value (which was below the limit set by the FAO/WHO within the World Wood Program). Spanish samples had more fat and fewer proteins than biscuits made in other countries. Very high variability was observed in HMF (from not detected to 62.08 mg/kg) and AA content (reaching 1421.8 μg/kg). Cadmium was always absent, and lead was considerably below the allowed limit. Yeasts and molds were above the limits in five samples.
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15
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Ma Y, Huang H, Zhang Y, Li F, Gan B, Yu Q, Xie J, Chen Y. Soluble dietary fiber from tea residues with inhibitory effects against acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural formation in biscuits: The role of bound polyphenols. Food Res Int 2022; 159:111595. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Francisco KCA, Lobato A, Tasić N, Cardoso AA, Gonçalves LM. Determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using an electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer in combination with Salle. Talanta 2022; 250:123723. [PMID: 35868148 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Coffee, a beverage with a complex chemical composition, is appreciated for the sensory experience of its taste and aroma. The compound 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural (HMF) is essential for sensory characterization of the beverage, and is also used in the traceability of its production. In this work, a procedure combining salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) and an electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer (e-MIP) was developed for the detection and quantification of HMF in coffee samples. The sample preparation step using SALLE employed a combination of acetonitrile and phosphate-buffered saline, in a proportion of 70:30 (ACN:PBS), with addition of 0.02 g of NaCl. The new sensor (e-MIP) was prepared by electropolymerization of p-aminobenzoic acid onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Analytical determinations were performed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The linear regression correlation coefficient (r2) for the response was 0.9986. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.372 mg L-1 and 1.240 mg L-1, respectively. The repeatability and reproducibility values obtained were 6 and 10%, respectively. The recoveries for three concentration levels were between 97 and 101%. Analyses of different coffee samples showed that the HMF concentrations varied from 261.0 ± 41.0 to 770.2 ± 55.9 mg kg-1 in powdered coffee samples, and from 1510 ± 50 to 4445 ± 278 mg kg-1 in instant coffee samples. The advantages of this procedure, compared to other methods described in the literature, are its simplicity, easy operation, good selectivity and sensitivity, low cost, and minimal use of organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C A Francisco
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Alnilan Lobato
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), SP, Brazil
| | - Nikola Tasić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), SP, Brazil; Department of Materials Science, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Arnaldo A Cardoso
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luís M Gonçalves
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), SP, Brazil.
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17
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Martins FCOL, Alcantara GMRN, Silva AFS, Melchert WR, Rocha FRP. The role of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in food and recent advances in analytical methods. Food Chem 2022; 395:133539. [PMID: 35779506 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The thermal processing, storage, and transportation of foodstuffs (e.g., fruit juices, coffee, honey, and vinegar) generate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The food industry uses this compound as a quality marker, thus increasing the demand for fast and reliable analytical methods for its determination. This review focuses on the formation of HMF in food, its desirable and toxic effects, and recent advances in analytical methods for its determination in foodstuffs. The advantages and limitations of these analytical approaches are discussed relative to the main analytical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C O L Martins
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 96, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-000, Brazil; College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-970, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M R N Alcantara
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 96, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-000, Brazil; College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-970, Brazil
| | - Anna Flavia S Silva
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 96, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Wanessa R Melchert
- College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-970, Brazil.
| | - Fábio R P Rocha
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 96, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-000, Brazil
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Ma Y, Long Y, Li F, Zhang Y, Gan B, Yu Q, Xie J, Chen Y. Exploring Acrylamide and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Formation in Glucose-Asparagine-Linoleic Acid System With a Kinetic Model Approach. Front Nutr 2022; 9:940202. [PMID: 35811991 PMCID: PMC9260430 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.940202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the “glucose-asparagine-linoleic acid” ternary system, a kinetic model approach was used to explore formation and elimination law of target hazards, including acrylamide (AA) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and their related precursors and intermediate products. The results showed that the elimination of glucose and asparagine and the formation of fructose (generated from glucose isomerization), 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), methylglyoxal (MGO), and glyoxal (GO), AA and 5-HMF followed first-order reaction kinetics with high fit coefficients (R2 > 0.9). In addition, the kinetic reaction rate constants increased as the increasing temperature, and all models followed the Arrhenius law. Results of statistical correlations analysis suggested that at lower temperature, the generic amino acid route and the specific amino acid route may paly crucial roles for the formation of AA and 5-HMF, while at high temperature a linoleic acid pathway may be predominantly involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - You Long
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bei Gan
- Jiangxi Provincial Product Quality Supervision Testing College, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Chen
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Liu A, Xu R, Zhang S, Wang Y, Hu B, Ao X, Li Q, Li J, Hu K, Yang Y, Liu S. Antifungal Mechanisms and Application of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Bakery Products: A Review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:924398. [PMID: 35783382 PMCID: PMC9244174 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.924398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bakery products are nutritious, but they are susceptible to fungal contamination, which leads to a decline in quality and safety. Chemical preservatives are often used to extend the shelf-life of bakery products, but long-term consumption of these preservatives may increase the risk of chronic diseases. Consumers increasingly demand food with fewer chemical preservatives. The application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a novel biological preservative not only prolongs the shelf-life of bakery products but also improves the baking properties of bakery products. This review summarizes different types and action mechanisms of antifungal compounds produced by LAB, factors affecting the production of antifungal compounds, and the effects of antifungal LAB on bakery products, providing a reference for future applications of antifungal LAB in bakery products.
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Yang Y, Zhang M, Li J, Su Y, Gu L, Yang Y, Chang C. Construction of egg white protein particle and rhamnolipid based emulsion gels with β-sitosterol as gelation factor: The application in cookie. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Construction of L-Asparaginase Stable Mutation for the Application in Food Acrylamide Mitigation. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide, a II A carcinogen, widely exists in fried and baked foods. L-asparaginase can inhibit acrylamide formation in foods, and enzymatic stability is the key to its application. In this study, the Escherichia coli L-asparaginase (ECA) stable variant, D60W/L211R/L310R, was obtained with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, saturation mutation, and combinatorial mutation, the half-life of which increased to 110 min from 60 min at 50 °C. Furthermore, the working temperature (maintaining the activity above 80%) of mutation expanded from 31 °C–43 °C to 35 °C–55 °C, and the relative activity of mutation increased to 82% from 65% at a pH range of 6–10. On treating 60 U/mL and 100 U/g flour L-asparaginase stable mutant (D60W/L211R/L310R) under uncontrolled temperature and pH, the acrylamide content of potato chips and bread was reduced by 66.9% and 51.7%, which was 27% and 49.9% higher than that of the wild type, respectively. These results demonstrated that the mutation could be of great potential to reduce food acrylamide formation in practical applications.
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22
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Recent advancements in baking technologies to mitigate formation of toxic compounds: A comprehensive review. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Effect of Chitosan Incorporation on the Development of Acrylamide during Maillard Reaction in Fructose-Asparagine Model Solution and the Functional Characteristics of the Resultants. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081565. [PMID: 35458315 PMCID: PMC9031937 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of 0.5% chitosan incorporation on acrylamide development in a food model solution containing 0.5% fructose and asparagine after heating for 30 min at 180 °C. All the solutions were investigated for the following characteristics: acrylamide, asparagine, reducing sugar content, color, kinematic viscosity, Maillard reaction products (MRPs), and pH every 10 min. After heating for 10 min, the viscosity of chitosan-containing solutions reduced significantly. The investigational data confirmed that chitosan may have decomposed into lower molecular structures, as demonstrated by the reduced viscosity of the solution at pH < 6 and a decrease in the acrylamide content during 30 min of heating in a fructose−asparagine system. This study also confirms that the formation of ultraviolet-absorbing intermediates and browning intensity of MRPs containing acrylamide prepared by fructose−asparagine was more than those of MRPs prepared by glucose−asparagine solution system. MRPs containing acrylamide resulted from the reaction of asparagine with fructose (ketose) rather than glucose (aldose). Acrylamide formation could be significantly mitigated in the fructose−asparagine−chitosan model system as compared to the fructose−asparagine model system for possible beverage and food application.
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Basaran B, Anlar P, Yılmaz Oral ZF, Polat Z, Kaban G. Risk assessment of acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF) exposure from bread consumption: Turkey. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Schouten MA, Fryganas C, Tappi S, Romani S, Fogliano V. The use of kidney bean flour with intact cell walls reduces the formation of acrylamide in biscuits. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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26
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Xia Q, Zhou C, Wu Z, Pan D, Cao J. Proposing processomics as the methodology of food quality monitoring: Re-conceptualization, opportunities, and challenges. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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27
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Kinetics of heat-induced changes in dairy products: Developments in data analysis and modelling techniques. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Schouten MA, Tappi S, Rocculi P, Romani S. Mitigation Strategies to Reduce Acrylamide in Cookies: Effect of Formulation. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2023171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alessia Schouten
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Cesena, Italy
| | - Silvia Tappi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Pietro Rocculi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Santina Romani
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
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Xu E, Wang J, Tang J, Ruan S, Ma S, Qin Y, Wang W, Tian J, Zhou J, Cheng H, Liu D. Heat-induced conversion of multiscale molecular structure of natural food nutrients: A review. Food Chem 2022; 369:130900. [PMID: 34496317 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Thermal process is the most important way of treating foods. Heat energy inputted into the natural food system induces the depolymerization of multi-scale structures of matrix, and causes the intramolecular and intermolecular interactions of different nutrients. It attacks and breaks the original polymeric molecule structures and the functional properties of macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Micronutrients such as vitamins and other novel functional ingredients are also thermally converted. The heat-induced conversions of nutrients are slightly or totally with discrepancy in simple-, simulated- and real-food systems, respectively. Thus, this review aims to extensively summarize the heat-induced structural characteristics, thermal conversion pathways and pyrolysis mechanism of nutrients both in simple and complex food matrices. The structural change of each nutrient and its thermal reaction kinetics depend on the molecule structure and polymeric characteristic of the unit substances in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enbo Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Junyu Tang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shaolong Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuohan Ma
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yu Qin
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinhu Tian
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China.
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Quesada-Valverde M, Artavia G, Granados-Chinchilla F, Cortés-Herrera C. Acrylamide in foods: from regulation and registered levels to chromatographic analysis, nutritional relevance, exposure, mitigation approaches, and health effects. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.2018611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Quesada-Valverde
- Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Graciela Artavia
- Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Fabio Granados-Chinchilla
- Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carolina Cortés-Herrera
- Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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31
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Schouten MA, Tappi S, Glicerina V, Rocculi P, Angeloni S, Cortese M, Caprioli G, Vittori S, Romani S. Formation of acrylamide in biscuits during baking under different heat transfer conditions. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Mousa RMA. Inhibition of acrylamide in gluten-free quinoa biscuits by supplementation with microbial dextran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.2019270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Mousa Ahmed Mousa
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Home Economic Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Lee J, Roux S, Le Roux E, Keller S, Rega B, Bonazzi C. Unravelling caramelization and Maillard reactions in glucose and glucose + leucine model cakes: Formation and degradation kinetics of precursors, α-dicarbonyl intermediates and furanic compounds during baking. Food Chem 2021; 376:131917. [PMID: 34968913 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms leading to the multitude of newly-formed compounds generated during the thermal processing of food is important for the reasoned construction of quality. Thanks to a solid food model with a structure and technological history comparable to that of a real sponge cake and containing only known amounts of precursors (glucose with or without leucine), an adapted reaction scheme unravelling Maillard and caramelization reactions was built and then compared to experimental kinetic data measured on numerous reaction markers (precursors, α-dicarbonyl intermediates and furanic compounds). For caramelization, this study showed that glucose mainly formed 1,2-enediol and then fructose rather than glucosone and glyoxal. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural started to form when there were sufficient quantities of fructose, and 3,4-dideoxyoglucosone was not generated until after this step. Furfural was mainly formed via 3-deoxyglucosone. The involvement of leucine tended to accelerate the breakdown of sugars as more degradation pathways (via enaminols) were added.
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Key Words
- 1deoxyglucosone (PubChem CID: 11228966, IUPAC name: (4R,5R)4,5,6trihydroxyhexane2,3dione)
- 3,4dideoxyglucosone (PubChem CID: 132520491, IUPAC name: (5R)5,6dihydroxy2oxohexanal)
- 3deoxyglucosone (PubChem CID: 114839, IUPAC name: (4S,5R)4,5,6trihydroxy2oxohexanal)
- 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
- 5hydroxymethylfurfural (PubChem CID: 237332, IUPAC name: 5(hydroxymethyl)furan2carbaldehyde)
- Deoxyglucosone
- Diacetyl (PubChem CID: 650, IUPAC name: Butane2,3dione)
- Fructose (PubChem CID: 2723872)
- Furfual (PubChem CID: 7362, IUPAC name: furan2carbaldehyde)
- Furfural
- Glucose (PubChem CID: 107526)
- Glucosone (PubChem CID: 159630, IUPAC name: (4S,5R)4,5,6trihydroxy2oxohexanal)
- Glyoxal (PubChem CID: 7860, IUPAC name: oxaldehyde)
- Heat transfer
- Leucine (PubChem CID: 6106)
- Methylglyoxal (PubChem CID: 880, IUPAC name: 2oxopropanal)
- Reaction pathways
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France.
| | - S Roux
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France.
| | - E Le Roux
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France.
| | - S Keller
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France.
| | - B Rega
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France.
| | - C Bonazzi
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France.
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Shi H, Qin R, Wu R, Rong J, Jia C, Liu R. Effect of cryoprotectants on the formation of advanced glycation end products and acrylamide in fried fish cakes. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Li X, Kahlon T, Wang SC, Friedman M. Low Acrylamide Flatbreads Prepared from Colored Rice Flours and Relationship to Asparagine and Proximate Content of Flours and Flatbreads. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122909. [PMID: 34945459 PMCID: PMC8700719 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide is a potentially toxic compound present in many plant-based foods, such as coffee, breads, and potato fries, which is reported to have carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and antifertility properties in vivo, suggesting the need to keep the acrylamide content of widely consumed food as low as possible. As pigmented rice contains bioactive phenolic and flavonoid compounds, the objective of this study was to potentially enhance the beneficial properties of flatbreads by evaluating the acrylamide content and proximate composition of 12 novel flatbreads prepared from the following commercial pigmented rice seeds: Black Japonica, Chinese Black, French Camargue, Himalayan Red, Long Grain Brown, Purple Sticky, Short Grain Brown, Wehani, Wild, Indian Brown Basmati, Organic Brown Jasmine, and Organic Jade Pearl. Although acrylamide levels ranged from 4.9 µg/kg in Long Grain Brown to 50.8 µg/kg in Chinese Black, the absolute values were all low (though statistically significantly differences existed among varieties). Acrylamide content did not correlate with its precursor asparagine. The variations in protein, carbohydrate, fat, ash, dry matter, and water content determined by proximate analysis, and the reported health benefits of colored rice cultivars used to prepare the flatbreads, might also be useful for relating composition to nutritional qualities and health properties, facilitating their use as nutritional and health-promoting functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Li
- Olive Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Talwinder Kahlon
- Healthy Processed Foods Research, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
| | - Selina C. Wang
- Olive Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: (S.C.W.); (M.F.); Tel.: +1-530-752-5018 (S.C.W.); +1-510-559-5615 (M.F.)
| | - Mendel Friedman
- Healthy Processed Foods Research, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
- Correspondence: (S.C.W.); (M.F.); Tel.: +1-530-752-5018 (S.C.W.); +1-510-559-5615 (M.F.)
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Biscuit Contaminants, Their Sources and Mitigation Strategies: A Review. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112751. [PMID: 34829032 PMCID: PMC8621915 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The scientific literature is rich in investigations on the presence of various contaminants in biscuits, and of articles aimed at proposing innovative solutions for their control and prevention. However, the relevant information remains fragmented. Therefore, the objective of this work was to review the current state of the scientific literature on the possible contaminants of biscuits, considering physical, chemical, and biological hazards, and making a critical analysis of the solutions to reduce such contaminations. The raw materials are primary contributors of a wide series of contaminants. The successive processing steps and machinery must be monitored as well, because if they cannot improve the initial safety condition, they could worsen it. The most effective mitigation strategies involve product reformulation, and the use of alternative baking technologies to minimize the thermal load. Low oxygen permeable packaging materials (avoiding direct contact with recycled ones), and reformulation are effective for limiting the increase of contaminations during biscuit storage. Continuous monitoring of raw materials, intermediates, finished products, and processing conditions are therefore essential not only to meet current regulatory restrictions but also to achieve the aim of banning dietary contaminants and coping with related diseases.
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Udomkun P, Swennen R, Masso C, Innawong B, Fotso Kuate A, Alakonya A, Vanlauwe B. Influence of bunch maturation and chemical precursors on acrylamide formation in starchy banana chips. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patchimaporn Udomkun
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) PO Box 1893. Q. Kabondo Avenue du Japon no 55 Bujumbura Burundi
| | - Rony Swennen
- IITA Plot 15B Naguru East Road, Upper Naguru, Box 7878 Kampala Uganda
- Department of Biosystems KU Leuven Willem De Croylaan 42—Box 2455, 3001 Heverlee Belgium
| | - Cargele Masso
- IITA BP. 2008, Nkolbisson Street, Messa Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Bhundit Innawong
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology Silpakorn University Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand
- Silpakorn University Food Innovation Hub (SUFIH) Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | | | - Amos Alakonya
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Carretera México‐Veracruz, Km. 45, El Batán Texcoco 56237 Mexico
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Ershadi A, Azizi MH, Najafian L. Incorporation of high fructose corn syrup with different fructose levels into biscuit: An assessment of physicochemical and textural properties. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5344-5351. [PMID: 34646506 PMCID: PMC8497837 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of different concentrations of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS, 28%, 44%, 55%) used in biscuit formulation on the hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) acrylamide content, and textural properties were investigated and compared with invert sugar and sucrose-incorporated samples. No significant difference in the chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein, and ash) among different samples was noted based on the results. The highest L* was associated with a control sample containing sugar and invert sugar, although an increase in F55 content decreased the L* value significantly (p < .05). The highest hardness value was correlated with control samples (6.5 N), although the sample with 12.5% F42 and 25% F55 demonstrated lower hardness 6.27 N, and the lowest hardness value (3.97 N) was related to the sample containing 12.5% F42 and 25% F28. The amounts of water activity of all samples were in the range of 0.22 to 0.29, with the highest amount related to the control sample. The SEM images showed a uniform surface with several holes for all the biscuits. The highest and lowest (HMF) levels were related to the samples containing 25% F55 (46.04) and 12.5% F42 with 2.36 ppm. The control sample with the acrylamide amount of 28.50 ppb and the sample containing 12.5% F42 and 25% F55 with the acrylamide amount of 27.33 ppb showed the highest acrylamide content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ershadi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologySari BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySariIran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Azizi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Leila Najafian
- Department of Food Science and TechnologySari BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySariIran
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Jia R, Wan X, Geng X, Xue D, Xie Z, Chen C. Microbial L-asparaginase for Application in Acrylamide Mitigation from Food: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081659. [PMID: 34442737 PMCID: PMC8400838 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase (E.C.3.5.1.1) hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, which has been widely applied in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Microbes have advantages for L-asparaginase production, and there are several commercially available forms of L-asparaginase, all of which are derived from microbes. Generally, L-asparaginase has an optimum pH range of 5.0-9.0 and an optimum temperature of between 30 and 60 °C. However, the optimum temperature of L-asparaginase from hyperthermophilic archaea is considerable higher (between 85 and 100 °C). The native properties of the enzymes can be enhanced by using immobilization techniques. The stability and recyclability of immobilized enzymes makes them more suitable for food applications. This current work describes the classification, catalytic mechanism, production, purification, and immobilization of microbial L-asparaginase, focusing on its application as an effective reducer of acrylamide in fried potato products, bakery products, and coffee. This highlights the prospects of cost-effective L-asparaginase, thermostable L-asparaginase, and immobilized L-asparaginase as good candidates for food application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Jia
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (R.J.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiao Wan
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (R.J.); (X.W.)
| | - Xu Geng
- School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, China;
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (C.C.)
| | - Deming Xue
- School of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China;
| | - Zhenxing Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (R.J.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (C.C.)
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Physico-chemical properties of reduced-fat biscuits prepared using O/W cellulose-based pickering emulsion. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Rolandelli G, Favre LC, Mshicileli N, Vhangani LN, Farroni AE, van Wyk J, Buera MDP. The complex dependence of non-enzymatic browning development on processing conditions in maize snacks. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Lin HTV, Chan DS, Kao LY, Sung WC. Effect of Hydroxymethylfurfural and Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan on Formation of Acrylamide and Hydroxymethylfurfural during Maillard Reaction in Glucose and Asparagine Model Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121901. [PMID: 34201113 PMCID: PMC8229482 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of the addition of 0.5% hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and low molecular chitosan on acrylamide and HMF formation in a food model system, which contains 0.5% glucose, asparagine, and HMF within 30 min of heating at 180 °C. At an interval of 10 min, all solutions were evaluated in the following aspects: reducing sugar, asparagine, acrylamide, HMF content, pH, Maillard reaction products, kinematic viscosity, and color. After heating for 10 min, the kinematic viscosity of solutions containing chitosan reduced significantly. The values of the acrylamide, HMF, and absorbance increased at OD294 and OD420 (optical density measured at 294 nm and 420 nm) of solutions. Experimental results showed that low-molecular-weight chitosan might be hydrolyzed into much lower molecular weight, followed by the decrease in kinematic viscosity of the solution at pH lower than 6 and the increase in the formation of acrylamide after heating for 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ting Victor Lin
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan; (H.-T.V.L.); (L.-Y.K.)
| | - Der-Sheng Chan
- Department of Information Technology, Lee-Ming Institute of Technology, New Taipei City 243083, Taiwan;
| | - Ling-Yu Kao
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan; (H.-T.V.L.); (L.-Y.K.)
| | - Wen-Chieh Sung
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan; (H.-T.V.L.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-24622192 (ext. 5129)
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Formation of α-dicarbonyl compounds and glycation products in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds during roasting: a multiresponse kinetic modelling approach. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Nan X, Nan S, Zeng X, Kang L, Liu X, Dai Y. Inhibition Kinetics and Mechanism of Glutathione and Quercetin on Acrylamide in the Low-Moisture Maillard Systems. J Food Prot 2021; 84:984-990. [PMID: 33232484 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The inhibition kinetics of glutathione (GSH) and quercetin on acrylamide (AA) formation in the low-moisture Maillard systems were investigated at 180°C. The inhibition rates in an equal-molar asparagine-glucose (Asn-Glc) system were higher than those in an asparagine-fructose (Asn-Fru) system, and the maximum inhibition rates for AA were 57.75% with 10-2 mol L-1 GSH and 51.38% with 10-1 mol L-1 quercetin. The Logistic-Index dynamic model and two consecutive simplified first-order kinetic models were well fitted to the changes of AA in the Asn-Glc system. The kinetics results suggested that the predominant inhibition effect of GSH on AA could be attributed to the competitive reaction between GSH and Asn for the consumption of Glc. The kinetic results and high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the inhibitory effect of quercetin on AA indicated that quercetin might mitigate AA through the binding reaction of quercetin decomposition products and Maillard intermediate products. These experimental results provide theoretical data that may be useful to control the formation of AA during food thermal processing. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiping Nan
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuli Nan
- Changchun Medical College, Changchun 130031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianpeng Zeng
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lining Kang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangying Liu
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Dai
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Medical College, Changchun 130031, People's Republic of China
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Mousa RMA. Simultaneous inhibition of acrylamide formation and fat oxidation in quinoa cakes using gum Arabic supplementation coupled with fat reduction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1924779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Mousa Ahmed Mousa
- Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Specific Education, Assiut University, -Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Environmental Research Department, University of Jeddah Center for Research and Product Development, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Sarion C, Codină GG, Dabija A. Acrylamide in Bakery Products: A Review on Health Risks, Legal Regulations and Strategies to Reduce Its Formation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4332. [PMID: 33921874 PMCID: PMC8073677 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a contaminant as defined in Council Regulation (EEC) No 315/93 and as such, it is considered a chemical hazard in the food chain. The toxicity of acrylamide has been acknowledged since 2002, among its toxicological effects on humans being neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity. Acrylamide has been classified as carcinogenic in the 2A group, with human exposure leading to progressive degeneration of the peripheral and central nervous systems characterized by cognitive and motor abnormalities. Bakery products (bread, crispbread, cakes, batter, breakfast cereals, biscuits, pies, etc.) are some of the major sources of dietary acrylamide. The review focuses on the levels of acrylamide in foods products, in particular bakery ones, and the risk that resulting dietary intake of acrylamide has on human health. The evolving legislative situation regarding the acrylamide content from foodstuffs, especially bakery ones, in the European Union is discussed underlining different measures that food producers must take in order to comply with the current regulations regarding the acrylamide levels in their products. Different approaches to reduce the acrylamide level in bakery products such as the use of asparginase, calcium salts, antioxidants, acids and their salts, etc., are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgiana Gabriela Codină
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (C.S.); (A.D.)
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Simultaneously Mitigation of Acrylamide, 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, and Oil Content in Fried Dough Twist via Different Ingredients Combination and Infrared-Assisted Deep-Frying. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030604. [PMID: 33809276 PMCID: PMC8001411 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of main ingredients (wheat flours, polyol sweeteners, and frying oil) and infrared-assisted deep-frying on the acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), oil content, and physicochemical characteristics of fried dough twist (FDT) were investigated. The amount of acrylamide and HMF produced in FDT made with low-gluten flour is significantly lower than that of flour with high gluten content. Among polyol sweeteners, maltitol causes the greatest reduction in acrylamide and HMF in FDT. Moreover, the oil content of FDT was significantly reduced by optimizing the infrared-assisted deep-frying process. At last, compared with deep-frying FDT made of sucrose, infrared-assisted deep-frying FDT made of maltitol reduced acrylamide, HMF, and oil content by 61.8%, 63.4%, and 27.5%, respectively. This study clearly showed that the ingredients, flour and polyol sweeteners used to process FDT are the two major determinants of the formation of acrylamide and HMF in FDT, and infrared-assisted deep-frying can significantly affect the oil content in FDT. Simultaneously, the mitigation of the acrylamide, HMF, and oil content in FDT can be achieved by using low-gluten flour and maltitol in the ingredients, combined with infrared-assisted deep-frying.
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Cantrell MS, McDougal OM. Biomedical rationale for acrylamide regulation and methods of detection. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2176-2205. [PMID: 33484492 PMCID: PMC8394876 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide is the product of the Maillard reaction, which occurs when starchy, asparagine-rich foods including potato or grain products and coffee are fried, baked, roasted, or heated. Studies in rodents provide evidence that acrylamide is carcinogenic and a male reproductive harmful agent when administered in exceedingly high levels. A 2002 study identified acrylamide in popular consumer food and beverage products, stimulating the European Union (EU) and California to legislate public notice of acrylamide presence in fried and baked foods, and coffee products. The regulatory legislation enacted in the EU and California has scientists working to develop foods and processes aimed at reducing acrylamide formation and advancing rapid and accurate analytical methods for the quantitative and qualitative determination of acrylamide in food and beverage products. The purpose of this review is to survey the studies performed on rodents and humans that identified the potential health impact of acrylamide in the human diet, and provide insight into established and emerging analytical methods used to detect acrylamide in blood, aqueous samples, and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maranda S. Cantrell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Ph.D. Program, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Owen M. McDougal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA
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5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Formation in Bread as a Function of Heat Treatment Intensity: Correlations with Browning Indices. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020417. [PMID: 33668628 PMCID: PMC7918450 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is formed during bread baking as a Maillard reaction product (MRP); it can exert toxicity and it is regarded as a potential health risk because of its high consumption levels in western diets. The aim of this study was to evaluate HMF formation in bread as a function of heat treatment intensity (HTI) and to investigate correlations between HMF and easily detectable browning indices. White breads were baked at 200 °C and 225 °C for different baking times for a total of 24 baking trials. Browning development was evaluated by reflectance colorimetric and computer vision colour analysis; MRP were quantified spectrophotometrically at 280, 360 and 420 nm and HMF was determined by HPLC. HMF concentrations varied from 4 to 300 mg/kg dw. Colour indices (100–L*) and Intensity mean resulted significantly correlated between each other (r = −0.961) and with MRP (r ≥ 0.819). The effects of the different HTI were visualized by principal component analysis and the data were used to evaluate the best fitting regression models between HMF concentration and other browning indices, obtaining models with high correlation coefficients (r > 0.90).
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