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Liu FT, Zhai SM, Gao DF, Yang SH, Zhao BX, Lin ZM. A highly sensitive ratiometric fluorescent probe for detecting HSO 3-/SO 32- and viscosity change based on FRET/TICT mechanism. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1305:342588. [PMID: 38677842 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a significant gas signaling molecule in organisms, and viscosity is a crucial parameter of the cellular microenvironment. They are both involved in regulating many physiological processes in the human body. However, abnormalities in SO2 and viscosity levels are associated with various diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, respiratory diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Hence, it is essential to explore novel and efficient fluorescent probes for simultaneously monitoring SO2 and viscosity in organisms. RESULTS We selected quinolinium salt with good stability, high fluorescence intensity, good solubility and low cytotoxicity as the fluorophore and developed a highly sensitive ratiometric probe QQD to identify SO2 and viscosity changes based on Förster resonance energy transfer/twisted intramolecular charge transfer (FRET/TICT) mechanism. Excitingly, compared with other probes for SO2 detection, QQD not only identified HSO3-/SO32- with a large Stokes shift (218 nm), low detection limit (1.87 μM), good selectivity, high energy transfer efficiency (92 %) and wide recognition range (1.87-200 μM), but also identified viscosity with a 26-fold fluorescence enhancement and good linearity. Crucially, QQD was applied to detect HSO3-/SO32- and viscosity in actual water and food samples. In addition, QQD had low toxicity and good photostability for imaging HSO3-/SO32- and viscosity in cells. These results confirmed the feasibility and reliability of QQD for HSO3-/SO32- and viscosity imaging and environmental detection. SIGNIFICANCE We reported a unique ratiometric probe QQD for detecting HSO3-/SO32- and viscosity based on the quinolinium skeleton. In addition to detecting HSO3-/SO32- and viscosity change in actual water and food samples, QQD could also monitor the variations of HSO3-/SO32- and viscosity in cells, which provided an experimental basis for further exploration of the role of SO2 derivatives and viscosity in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ting Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Shu-Mei Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Dong-Fang Gao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, PR China
| | - Shu-Hao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Bao-Xiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Zhao-Min Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, PR China.
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2
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Sun S, Xue K, Zhao Y, Qi Z. A near-infrared AIE fluorescent probe for accurate detection of sulfur dioxide derivatives and visualization of fingerprints. Talanta 2024; 270:125568. [PMID: 38150966 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In most biophysiological processes, sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important intracellular signaling molecule that plays an important role. The change of SO2 in cells are closely related to various diseases such as neurological disorders and lung cancer, so it is necessary to develop fluorescent probes with the ability to accurately detect SO2 during physiological processes. In this work, we designed and synthesized a multifunctional fluorescent probe TIS. TIS has excellent properties such as near-infrared emission, large stokes shift, excellent SO2 detection capabilities, low detection limit, high specificity and visualization of color change before and after reaction. Simultaneously, TIS has low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility, clear cell imaging capability and mitochondrial targeting ability. In addition, the ability of TIS to be applied to different material surfaces for latent fingerprint fluorescence imaging was also explored. TIS provides an excellent method for the accurate detection of SO2 derivatives and shows great potential applications in near-infrared cellular imaging and latent fingerprint fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidong Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, PR China
| | - Ke Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, PR China
| | - Yongfei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, PR China
| | - Zhengjian Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, PR China.
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3
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Chen R, Yu M, Jiang B, Chen J. Effect of different sterilization methods on the appearance, composition, and flavor of sugarcane juice. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1755-1772. [PMID: 38328957 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Cold-pressed sugarcane juice (SCJ) is a beverage rich in vitamins, carbohydrates, and antioxidants. Various sterilization methods impact fruit juice's appearance, nutrients, and flavor. Hence, this study aims to assess how different sterilization techniques affect the flavor, appearance, and nutritional value of SCJ. Freshly prepared SCJs were subjected to two sterilization methods: pasteurization (referred to as PTG) and autoclaving (referred to as HTHP). The pasteurization process was carried out at 63°C for 30 min, whereas the HTHP process was applied at 115°C for 30 min. The appearances, Brix value, colors, sugar, organic acid content, and aromatic compounds were determined. The Brix and pH values of the juice show little variation across different heat treatments. The color index of PTG was similar to that of the control group, whereas the L* value of HTHP increased about 21%, resulting in a significant color change. The glucose and fructose contents of HTHP were 7.03 and 5.41 mg/mL, which were much higher than those of PTG (3.26 and 2.33 mg/mL) and control group (3.33 and 2.48 mg/mL). A total of 77 aromatic compounds were identified in the SCJ after various heat treatments. Among them, pentanoic acid, octanal, and β-damascenone were the most abundant substances contributing to the overall flavor in the control group, PTG, and HTHP. Pasteurization preserved the original flavor of the juice, whereas autoclaving triggered the Maillard reaction, forming pyrazine and furan-like compounds that altered the SCJ's flavor. In conclusion, pasteurization retained SCJ's original characteristics, whereas HTHP induces changes in nutrition and imparts a distinct flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Goshisht MK, Tripathi N, Patra GK, Chaskar M. Organelle-targeting ratiometric fluorescent probes: design principles, detection mechanisms, bio-applications, and challenges. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5842-5871. [PMID: 37293660 PMCID: PMC10246671 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01036h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological species, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive sulfur species (RSS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), F-, Pd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, and others, are crucial for the healthy functioning of cells in living organisms. However, their aberrant concentration can result in various serious diseases. Therefore, it is essential to monitor biological species in cellular organelles such as the cell membrane, mitochondria, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and nucleus. Among various fluorescent probes for species detection within the organelles, ratiometric fluorescent probes have drawn special attention as a potential way to get beyond the drawbacks of intensity-based probes. This method depends on measuring the intensity change of two emission bands (caused by an analyte), which produces an efficient internal referencing that increases the detection's sensitivity. This review article discusses the literature publications (from 2015 to 2022) on organelle-targeting ratiometric fluorescent probes, the general strategies, the detecting mechanisms, the broad scope, and the challenges currently faced by fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Goshisht
- Department of Chemistry, Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay 2420 Nicolet Drive Green Bay WI 54311-7001 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Government Naveen College Tokapal Bastar Chhattisgarh 494442 India
| | - Neetu Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Goutam Kumar Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur Chhattisgarh 495009 India
| | - Manohar Chaskar
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
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5
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Wang Q, Sun Y, Ge J, Li L, Lu J, Zhang D, Jin L, Li H, Zhang S. Ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobes based on coumarin dye-functionalized carbon dots for bisulfite detection in living cells and food samples. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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6
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Li Z, Huang J, Wang L, Li D, Chen Y, Xu Y, Li L, Xiao H, Luo Z. Novel insight into the role of sulfur dioxide in fruits and vegetables: Chemical interactions, biological activity, metabolism, applications, and safety. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37128783 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2203737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) are a category of chemical compounds widely used as additives in food industry. So far, the use of SO2 in fruit and vegetable industry has been indispensable although its safety concerns have been controversial. This article comprehensively reviews the chemical interactions of SO2 with the components of fruit and vegetable products, elaborates its mechanism of antimicrobial, anti-browning, and antioxidation, discusses its roles in regulation of sulfur metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS)/redox, resistance induction, and quality maintenance in fruits and vegetables, summarizes the application technology of SO2 and its safety in human (absorption, metabolism, toxicity, regulation), and emphasizes the intrinsic metabolism of SO2 and its consequences for the postharvest physiology and safety of fresh fruits and vegetables. In order to fully understand the benefits and risks of SO2, more research is needed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of SO2 metabolism in the cells and tissues of fruits and vegetables, and to uncover the interaction mechanisms between SO2 and the components of fruits and vegetables as well as the efficacy and safety of bound SO2. This review has important guiding significance for adjusting an applicable definition of maximum residue limit of SO2 in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbiao Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanpei Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Gong W, Zhang C, Zhang X, Shen Y. Mitochondria-targetable colorimetric and far-red fluorescent sensor for rapid detection of SO 2 derivatives in food samples and living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 278:121386. [PMID: 35597160 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) derivatives are intertwined with many physiological and pathological processes in living systems, and excess intake of them are associated with various diseases. Herein, we have rationally constructed a novel colorimetric and far-red fluorescent probe for HSO3- based on a rhodamine analogue skeleton bearing a 3-quinolinium carboxaldehyde moiety. The novel probe exhibited a significant far-red fluorescence "Turn-on" response to HSO3-, along with obvious color change from reddish to purple via the specific 1,4-nucleophilic addition reaction of HSO3- with the quinolinium moiety in 3-(4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-7-(diethylamino)chromenylium-2-yl)-1-methylquinolin-1-ium hypochlorite trifluoromethanesulfonate (AQCB). The AQCB had excellent water-solubility, and presented rapid response (<15 s),highsensibility(LOD = 49 nM) and selectivity toward HSO3-. In addition, the probe was able to detect the content of HSO3- in food samples with satisfactory results. Furthermore, the probe possessed good cell membrane and could be successfully applied for imaging HSO3- in the mitochondria of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Gong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, PR China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, PR China.
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, PR China
| | - Youming Shen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, PR China.
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8
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Özbek HN, Elik A, Koçak Yanık D, Işınay B, Sever M, Bulut E, Topçam H, Dalgıç AC, Erdoğdu F, Göğüş F. Effect of sequential-combined solar energy assisted hot air and hot air assisted radio frequency drying on the physical and chemical properties of dried apricots. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:2894-2904. [PMID: 35734111 PMCID: PMC9206989 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quality characteristics of sulphured and non-sulphured apricots dried with a sequential combined pilot scale solar assisted hot air and hot air assisted radio frequency dryer and conventional sun system were compared. The combined drying approach showed improved color, hardness, antioxidant activity and retention of vitamin C, β-carotene and total phenolic content values compared to conventional sun drying both for sulphured and non-sulphured samples. The effects of sulphur concentration and addition of pistachio hull extract as a treatment prior to drying were also investigated. Increase in sulphur concentration and addition of extract resulted in considerable quality (with respect to color, Vitamin C, β-carotene and total phenolic content) increase in apricots. The apricots pretreated with extract had the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. This study demonstrated that combined drying process is an effective drying method for apricots with the better preservation of product quality attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Neval Özbek
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Aysel Elik
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Derya Koçak Yanık
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Büşra Işınay
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Melis Sever
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ecem Bulut
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Topçam
- Department of Food Engineering, Ankara University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Coşkun Dalgıç
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Erdoğdu
- Department of Food Engineering, Ankara University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fahrettin Göğüş
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
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9
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Deng LZ, Xiong CH, Pei YP, Zhu ZQ, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Yang XH, Liu ZL, Xiao HW. Effects of various storage conditions on total phenolic, carotenoids, antioxidant capacity, and color of dried apricots. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Bao X, Zhang S, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Liu Z, Hu X, Yi J. Effects of pasteurization technologies and storage conditions on the flavor changes in acidified chili pepper. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1295-1304. [PMID: 36065197 PMCID: PMC9440270 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Bao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan province 650500, China
| | - Shiyao Zhang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan province 650500, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan, Yunnan province 663000, China
| | - Yongli Jiang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan province 650500, China
| | - Zhijia Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan province 650500, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan province 650500, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junjie Yi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan province 650500, China
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11
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Chen Y, Deng H, Zhang J, Tiemur A, Wang J, Wu B. Effect of nitric oxide fumigation on microorganisms and quality of dried apricots during storage. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Institute of Commodity Storage and Processing Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Urumqi People’s Republic of China
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou People’s Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Deng
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Commodity Storage and Processing Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Urumqi People’s Republic of China
| | - Atawula Tiemur
- Institute of Commodity Storage and Processing Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Urumqi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jide Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Institute of Commodity Storage and Processing Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Urumqi People’s Republic of China
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12
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Aktağ IG, Gökmen V. Investigations on the formation of α-dicarbonyl compounds and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in fruit products during storage: New insights into the role of Maillard reaction. Food Chem 2021; 363:130280. [PMID: 34120041 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of α-dicarbonyl compounds and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was investigated under different conditions and the amino acid adducts of them were confirmed using high-resolution mass spectrometry in fruit products during storage. Changes in the concentrations of sugars, amino acids, α-dicarbonyl compounds, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in fruit juice concentrates and dried fruits were monitored. Among the dicarbonyls, glucosone was the dominant one in 30 °Bx of fruit juice concentrates, whereas 3-deoxyglucosone was the major in 50 and 70 °Bx of those and in all dried fruits during storage. The highest level of 3-deoxyglucosone was found as 7251 ± 896.6 mg/kg in dried date at the end of the storage. During storage, the loss of free amino acids significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the higher initial reactant concentrations in fruit juice concentrates. The confirmation of amino acid adducts of dicarbonyls and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural generally with high mass accuracy proved the contribution of Maillard reaction to non-enzymatic reactions in fruit products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işıl Gürsul Aktağ
- Food Quality and Safety (FoQuS) Research Group, Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vural Gökmen
- Food Quality and Safety (FoQuS) Research Group, Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
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13
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Bao X, Cao X, Yuan Y, Zhou B, Huo C. Ultrafast Detection of Sulfur Dioxide Derivatives by a Distinctive "Dual-Positive-Ion" Platform that Features a Doubly Activated but Irreversible Michael Addition Site. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4903-4910. [PMID: 33861597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a gaseous signaling molecule and widely used as a preservative for foods, but its excessive intake is closely related to a series of diseases. Therefore, the development of a potent fluorescence probe for the detection of SO2 in foods and biological systems is of great significance. Herein, we report for the first time a "dual-positive-ion" platform-based fluorescence probe CMQ, designed by a doubly activated but irreversible strategy, which results in its ultrafast response to SO2 within 5 s in pure aqueous solution together with a low detection limit as 15.6 nM. In addition, the probe was successfully applied for imaging of SO2 in mitochondria of living cells and zebrafish and prepared as a reagent kit for convenient and instantaneous quantification of HSO3- in real food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiazhen Bao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xuehui Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Congde Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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14
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A novel mitochondrial-targeted two-photon fluorescent probe for ultrafast monitoring of SO2 derivatives and its applications. Talanta 2020; 217:121086. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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15
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Ayustaningwarno F, van Ginkel E, Vitorino J, Dekker M, Fogliano V, Verkerk R. Nutritional and Physicochemical Quality of Vacuum-Fried Mango Chips Is Affected by Ripening Stage, Frying Temperature, and Time. Front Nutr 2020; 7:95. [PMID: 32766271 PMCID: PMC7380063 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
For the production of healthier fruit snacks, vacuum frying is a promising alternative for atmospheric frying, to reduce the oil content, while maintaining a high nutritional quality. This paper evaluates the effect of ripening stages, frying temperature, and time on the quality of vacuum-fried mango. Unripe mango was dehydrated faster than ripe mango and had a higher hardness after frying at 110 and 120°C. Fat content in fried ripe mango was higher. Total ascorbic acid and β-carotene in both ripening stages were not different, but after frying total ascorbic acid in unripe mango remains higher. A novel image analysis was applied to quantify the color distribution of fried mango. Color changes in unripe mango were more susceptible to temperature and time. Considering all quality parameters, vacuum frying of unripe mango at the optimal condition of 100°C for 20 min is preferred for producing high-quality healthier fruit snacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitriyono Ayustaningwarno
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.,Center of Nutrition Research, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Elise van Ginkel
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Joana Vitorino
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Dekker
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ruud Verkerk
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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16
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Średnicka-Tober D, Kazimierczak R, Ponder A, Hallmann E. Biologically Active Compounds in Selected Organic and Conventionally Produced Dried Fruits. Foods 2020; 9:foods9081005. [PMID: 32726946 PMCID: PMC7466266 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing demand for organic foods is driven by consumers′ perception that they are more nutritious. However, while there is a number of scientific studies showing some superior qualities of organically grown fruit and vegetables, including, i.e., higher content of phenolics, some vitamins and antioxidant activity, scientific research looking into the quality of processed organic products is very limited. At the same time the consumption of processed, convenient foods, with a long shelf-life, is rapidly increasing all over the world. Among the processed fruit-based products, dried fruits are recognized by consumers as one of the best snacks, highly nutritious and containing a large amount of fibre. In the presented experiment, four types of organic and conventionally produced dried fruits were examined: Apricots, apple rings, cranberries, and prunes. The concentrations of polyphenols (in all products) and carotenoids (in apricots) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The study confirms that dry fruits can be undoubtedly considered as a rich source of polyphenols, however, a large variation in the concentrations of these compounds among different brands of products was also pointed: 219.03 ± 3.90–296.96 ± 2.86 mg 100 g−1 in dried apricots, 95.24 ± 15.12–627.71 ± 48.64 mg 100 g−1 in dried apple rings, 14.64 ± 0.43–203.09 ± 7.96 mg 100 g−1 in dried cranberries, and 134.65 ± 12.27–422.44 ± 9.00 mg 100 g−1 in prunes. Carotenoids concentrations in dried apricots ranged from 2.72 ± 0.31 to 17.49 ± 0.17 µg g−1. Among the tested dried fruits, only in the case of apricots organic products were characterized by the higher contents of phenolics and carotenoids compared to the conventional brands. In the case of other products there was either no consistent significant production system effect, or the concentrations of the analyzed phenolic compounds were higher in conventional products.
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17
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Miniaturized dielectric barrier discharge-molecular emission spectrometer for determination of total sulfur dioxide in food. Food Chem 2020; 317:126437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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18
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Wang XB, Li HJ, Chi Z, Zeng X, Wang LJ, Cheng YF, Wu YC. A novel mitochondrial targeting fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging SO2 derivatives in living cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Yao L, Fan L, Duan Z. Effects of different packaging systems and storage temperatures on the physical and chemical quality of dried mango slices. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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20
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Lu Y, Dong B, Song W, Sun Y, Mehmood AH, Lin W. A mitochondria-targeting ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of sulfur dioxide in living cells. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mitochondria-targeting ratiometric fluorescent probe was developed for the detection of sulfur dioxide in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Lu
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Baoli Dong
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Wenhui Song
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Yaru Sun
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Abdul Hadi Mehmood
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
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21
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Chen Y, Guo Q, Wei J, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Wang JD, Wu B. Inhibitory effect and mechanism of nitric oxide (NO) fumigation on fungal disease in Xinjiang Saimaiti dried apricots. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Cai F, Hou B, Zhang S, Chen H, Ji S, Shen XC, Liang H. A chromenoquinoline-based two-photon fluorescent probe for the highly specific and fast visualization of sulfur dioxide derivatives in living cells and zebrafish. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2493-2498. [PMID: 32255126 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) derivatives play critical roles in various biological processes. Therefore, effective methods for monitoring SO2 are of vital importance in bisulfite/sulfite biology. In this study, a two-photon (TP) imaging probe (CQ-SO2) for detecting SO2 derivatives was designed and constructed, based on the chromenoquinoline (CQ) fluorophore and a β-chlorovinyl aldehyde sensing moiety. The TP properties of the CQ derivatives were revealed for the first time in this study. This study enriched the biological application range of CQ derivatives and also provided a new choice for the development of TP dyes. In particular, the CQ-SO2 probe exhibited a fast response time (about 5 s), low detection limit (16 nM) and ultrahigh specificity towards SO2 derivatives. Furthermore, the probe was successfully applied to the highly specific TP bioimaging of SO2 derivatives in living cells and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Cai
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
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23
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Gao C, Tian Y, Zhang R, Jing J, Zhang X. Mitochondrial directed ratiometric fluorescent probe for quantitive detection of sulfur dioxide derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05951a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A good biocompatibility fluorescence probe for imaging of sulfur dioxide derivatives in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
| | - Yong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
| | - Rubo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
| | - Jing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
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24
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Hamzaoğlu F, Türkyılmaz M, Özkan M. Amino acid profile and content of dried apricots containing SO 2at different concentrations during storage. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2018.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Hamzaoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, 50. Yıl YCampus, Bahçelievler Street 35, 06830 Gölbaşı, Ankara, Türkey
| | - M. Türkyılmaz
- Institute of Food Safety, Ankara University, Campus, Şehit Ömer Halisdemir Street, 06110 Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M. Özkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, 50. Yıl YCampus, Bahçelievler Street 35, 06830 Gölbaşı, Ankara, Türkey
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25
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The effect of pre-treatment methods on the quality of dehydrated candied Japanese quince fruits during storage. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:4468-4476. [PMID: 30333643 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Candied quince is one of the most popular processing products of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) in Latvia. During the storage of dehydrated fruit, the colour turns darker, thus negatively influence the overall quality and consumers' acceptability of the product. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different anti-browning agents in combination with fruit blanching and soaking as a type of pre-treatment to preserve the colour of candied quince during 8-months storage. The fruit were harvested at various maturity stage (i.e. unripe, semi ripe and ripe) with the following pre-treatment using three anti-browning agents (l-cysteine, NATRApHASE®ABAF and Natureseal® AS1). Hunter L (whiteness/darkness), a (redness/greenness) and b (yellowness/blueness) values were used to measure change in colour. These values were also used for calculation of the total colour change (ΔE*). Considering blanching and soaking as a type of treatment. Best results were obtained with blanching treatment. L* values decreased significantly after dehydration, showing that the samples became darker, during the further 8-months storage, L* values increased, positively influencing the colour of the tested fruit. The data obtained using the Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis revealed that 0.3% l-cysteine was the best for effective prevention of colour change during long-term storage among the tested agents.
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26
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Hamzaoğlu F, Türkyılmaz M, Özkan M. Effect of SO 2 on sugars, indicators of Maillard reaction, and browning in dried apricots during storage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:4988-4999. [PMID: 29602168 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) concentration was determined on sugars and indicators in the Maillard reaction (MR), and on browning, in sulfured, dried apricots (SDAs) during storage at 4, 20 and 30 °C for 379 days. RESULTS As SO2 concentration increased, the content of reducing sugars involved in the MR also increased. The preventive effect of SO2 on the MR could not result from the binding of SO2 to reducing sugars. Before storage, furosine was detected in the non-SDAs but 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was not detected. Even the lowest SO2 concentration (451 mg kg-1 ) was sufficient to prevent the formation of furosine and HMF during drying of apricots. CONCLUSION Formation of furosine and HMF in all samples during storage at 20 and 30 °C for 379 days indicated that SO2 could not prevent the first and intermediate stages of MR in SDAs during storage. Thus, the main prevention effect of SO2 on browning in SDAs occurred during drying, not storage. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmagül Hamzaoğlu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Özkan
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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27
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Altındağ M, Türkyılmaz M, Özkan M. Changes in polyphenol profile of dried apricots containing SO 2 at various concentrations during storage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2530-2539. [PMID: 29023817 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in polyphenols have important effects on the quality (especially color) and health benefits of dried apricots. SO2 concentration, storage and the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were factors which had significant effects on polyphenols. Polyphenol profile and activities of PPO and PAL in sulfured dried apricots (SDAs, 0, 451, 832, 2112 and 3241 mg SO2 kg-1 ) were monitored during storage at 4, 20 and 30 °C for 379 days for the first time. RESULTS Even the lowest SO2 concentration (451 mg kg-1 ) was sufficient to inactivate PPO during the entire storage period. However, while SO2 led to the increase in PAL activity of the samples (r = 0.767) before storage, PAL activities of SDAs decreased during storage. After 90 days of storage, PAL activity was determined in only non-sulfured dried apricots (NSDAs) and dried apricots containing 451 mg SO2 kg-1 . Although the major polyphenol in NSDAs was epicatechin (611.4 mg kg-1 ), that in SDAs was chlorogenic acid (455-1508 mg kg-1 ), followed by epicatechin (0-426.8 mg kg-1 ), rutin (148.9-477.3 mg kg-1 ), ferulic acid (23.3-55.3 mg kg-1 ) and gallic acid (2.4-43.6 mg kg-1 ). After storage at 30 °C for 379 days, the major polyphenol in SDAs was gallic acid (706-2324 mg kg-1 ). However, the major polyphenol in NSDAs did not change after storage. The highest total polyphenol content was detected in SDAs containing 2112 mg SO2 kg-1 and stored at 30 °C. CONCLUSION To produce dried apricots having high polyphenol content, ∼2000 mg SO2 kg-1 should be used. Low storage temperature (<30 °C) was not necessary for the protection of polyphenols. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Altındağ
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Gölbaşı, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Türkyılmaz
- Institute of Food Safety, Ankara University, Dışkapı, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Gölbaşı, Ankara, Turkey
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28
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Ma Y, Tang Y, Zhao Y, Gao S, Lin W. Two-Photon and Deep-Red Emission Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe with a Large Emission Shift and Signal Ratios for Sulfur Dioxide: Ultrafast Response and Applications in Living Cells, Brain Tissues, and Zebrafishes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9388-9393. [PMID: 28795798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a dangerous environmental pollutant. Excessive intake of it may cause some respiratory diseases and even lung cancer. The development of effective methods for detection of SO2 is of great importance for the environment and physiology. Herein, we have designed and synthesized a novel two-photon (TP) and deep-red emission ratiometric fluorescent probe (CP) for detection of SO2. Notably, the novel probe CP exhibited ultrafast response to SO2 in less than 5 s and displayed a great emission shift (195 nm) and a large emission signal ratio variation (enhancement from 0.1347 to 100.14). In addition, the unique probe was successfully employed for imaging SO2 not only in the mitochondria of living cells but also in brain tissues and zebrafishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ma
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Yonghe Tang
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Zhao
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Shiying Gao
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
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