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Reiche AM, Martín-Hernández MC, Spengler Neff A, Bapst B, Fleuti C, Dohme-Meier F, Hess HD, Egger L, Portmann R. The A1/A2 β-casein genotype of cows, but not their horn status, influences peptide generation during simulated digestion of milk. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:6425-6436. [PMID: 38490553 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The effect of the horn status of cows on their milk composition and quality is a controversial research topic. In this study, 128 milk samples from 64 horned and 64 disbudded Brown Swiss and Original Braunvieh cows were collected from alpine farms where both horned and disbudded cows were grazing on mountain pastures. The samples were analyzed for their detailed composition and protein digestion in a simulated in vitro digestion (INFOGEST). To exclude probable influences on digestion, the β-CN genotype with its variants A1 and A2 was also included in the study. The effects of horn status and β-CN genotype were investigated in linear mixed models, which included additional influencing random factors such as Original Braunvieh blood proportion, stage of lactation, and farm. Horn status did not have any effect on milk composition or digestion. In contrast, milk from A1A1 cows showed a different protein digestion than milk of A1A2 and A2A2 cows in the gastric phase, including smaller amounts of β-casomorphin(BCM)21-associated peptides and larger amounts of BCM11-associated peptides. Abundances of BCM7 did not differ between β-CN genotypes. At the end of the intestinal phase, the digested milk of A1A1 and A2A2 β-CN genotypes did not differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-M Reiche
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland.
| | - M C Martín-Hernández
- Method Development and Analytics/Biochemistry of Milk and Microorganisms, Agroscope, 3097 Liebefeld, Switzerland
| | - A Spengler Neff
- Department of Livestock Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland
| | - B Bapst
- Qualitas AG, 6300 Zug, Switzerland
| | - C Fleuti
- Method Development and Analytics/Biochemistry of Milk and Microorganisms, Agroscope, 3097 Liebefeld, Switzerland
| | - F Dohme-Meier
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland
| | - H D Hess
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland
| | - L Egger
- Method Development and Analytics/Biochemistry of Milk and Microorganisms, Agroscope, 3097 Liebefeld, Switzerland
| | - R Portmann
- Method Development and Analytics/Biochemistry of Milk and Microorganisms, Agroscope, 3097 Liebefeld, Switzerland
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Luz ABS, de Medeiros AF, de Medeiros GCBS, Piuvezam G, Passos TS, Morais AHDA. Experimental Protocols Used to Mimic Gastrointestinal Protein Digestion: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2398. [PMID: 39125281 PMCID: PMC11314321 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from native proteins modulate physiological processes in the metabolic pathways. Given that multiple protocols in the literature mimic the digestion of dietary components, gathering studies that use such models directed at protein digestion processes is critical. This systematic review aimed to gather evidence that adopted adequate experimental models to simulate human protein digestion. The databases searched were PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, Virtual Health Library, and Scopus. A total of 1985 articles were found, resulting in 20 eligible in vitro studies. The Office of Health Assessment and Translation was used to evaluate methodological quality. Seven studies used plant-based protein sources, twelve used animal protein sources, and one used both. The duration of the oral phase varied, although 60% of the studies employed a protein digestion period of 120 min. Amylase, pepsin, and pancreatin enzymes were utilized in 40% of the studies, with pH levels of 7, 3, and 7, respectively, during the oral, gastric, and intestinal phases. The INFOGEST harmonized static model was adopted by 65% of the studies; INFOGEST is the most effective model for simulating gastrointestinal protein processes in humans and can be used to answer several research questions because it describes experimental conditions close to the human physiological situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Beatriz Santana Luz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, RN, Brazil; (A.B.S.L.); (A.F.d.M.)
- Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Santo Antônio de Jesus 44430-622, BA, Brazil
| | - Amanda Fernandes de Medeiros
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, RN, Brazil; (A.B.S.L.); (A.F.d.M.)
| | - Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de Medeiros
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.C.B.S.d.M.); (T.S.P.)
- Public Health Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Piuvezam
- Public Health Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
- Department of Public Health, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Thaís Souza Passos
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.C.B.S.d.M.); (T.S.P.)
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Heloneida de Araújo Morais
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, RN, Brazil; (A.B.S.L.); (A.F.d.M.)
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.C.B.S.d.M.); (T.S.P.)
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
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Ribeiro-Oliveira R, Diniz C, Ferreira IMPLVO. In vitro strategies to understand the impact of oral intake on the bioavailability and bioactivity of peptides from brewing by-products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38950579 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2362410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides from brewer's spent grain (BSG) and brewer's spent yeast (BSY), two by-products of the brewing industry, have great potential as functional food ingredients, dietary supplements or nutraceuticals to reduce the risk of numerous pathological conditions. Nevertheless, the oral administration of these peptides poses great challenges since peptides must undergo gastrointestinal digestion, intestinal absorption and hepatic metabolism, which can affect their bioavailability and, therefore, the expected outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the potential impact of the oral route on the bioactivity of BSG/BSY peptides as assessed by in vitro assays and identifies research gaps that require novel approaches/methodologies. The data collected indicate that in addition to the significant influence of gastrointestinal digestion, intestinal absorption and hepatic metabolism also have a major impact on the bioactivity of brewing peptides. The major gap identified was the insufficient evidence regarding hepatic metabolism, which points for the need of employing in vitro assays in this research field to provide such clarification. Thus, to reach the market, the impact of the oral route on the bioactivities of BSG/BSY peptides must be properly studied in vitro to allow adequate/effective administration (dosage/frequency) with a beneficial impact on the population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Diniz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Santos-Sánchez G, Miralles B, Brodkorb A, Dupont D, Egger L, Recio I. Current advances for in vitro protein digestibility. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1404538. [PMID: 38873563 PMCID: PMC11174598 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1404538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein is an essential macronutrient in our diet, source of nitrogen and essential amino acids, but the biological utilization of dietary protein depends on its digestibility and the absorption of amino acids and peptides in the gastrointestinal tract. The methods to define the amount and the quality of protein to meet human nutritional needs, such as the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS), require the use of animal models or human studies. These in vivo methods are the reference in protein quality evaluation, but they are expensive and long-lasting procedures with significant ethical restrictions. Therefore, the development of rapid, reproducible and in vitro digestion methods validated with in vivo data is an old demand. This review describes the challenges of the in vitro digestion methods in the evaluation of the protein nutritional quality. In addition to the technical difficulties to simulate the complex and adaptable processes of digestion and absorption, these methods are affected by similar limitations as the in vivo procedures, i.e., analytical techniques to accurately determine bioavailable amino acids and the contribution of the endogenous nitrogen. The in vitro methods used for the evaluation of protein digestibility, with special attention on those showing comparative data, are revised, emphasizing their pros and cons. The internationally harmonized digestion protocol proposed by the INFOGEST network is being adapted to evaluate protein and amino acid digestibility. The inter-laboratory reproducibility of this protocol was demonstrated for dairy products. The in vivo/in vitro comparability results obtained to date with this protocol for several plant and animal sources are promising, but it requires an extensive validation with a wider range of foods and substrates with known in vivo digestibility. These in vitro methods will probably not be applicable to all foods, and therefore, it is important to identify their limitations, not to elude their use, but to apply them within the limits, by using the appropriate standards and references, and always as a complementary tool to in vivo tests to reduce their number.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz Miralles
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Isidra Recio
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Mehrotra S, Kalyan BG P, Nayak PG, Joseph A, Manikkath J. Recent Progress in the Oral Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins: Overview of Pharmaceutical Strategies to Overcome Absorption Hurdles. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:11-33. [PMID: 38585454 PMCID: PMC10997937 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Proteins and peptides have secured a place as excellent therapeutic moieties on account of their high selectivity and efficacy. However due to oral absorption limitations, current formulations are mostly delivered parenterally. Oral delivery of peptides and proteins (PPs) can be considered the need of the hour due to the immense benefits of this route. This review aims to critically examine and summarize the innovations and mechanisms involved in oral delivery of peptide and protein drugs. Methods Comprehensive literature search was undertaken, spanning the early development to the current state of the art, using online search tools (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Scopus). Results Research in oral delivery of proteins and peptides has a rich history and the development of biologics has encouraged additional research effort in recent decades. Enzyme hydrolysis and inadequate permeation into intestinal mucosa are the major causes that result in limited oral absorption of biologics. Pharmaceutical and technological strategies including use of absorption enhancers, enzyme inhibition, chemical modification (PEGylation, pro-drug approach, peptidomimetics, glycosylation), particulate delivery (polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, microspheres), site-specific delivery in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), membrane transporters, novel approaches (self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems, Eligen technology, Peptelligence, self-assembling bubble carrier approach, luminal unfolding microneedle injector, microneedles) and lymphatic targeting, are discussed. Limitations of these strategies and possible innovations for improving oral bioavailability of protein and peptide drugs are discussed. Conclusion This review underlines the application of oral route for peptide and protein delivery, which can direct the formulation scientist for better exploitation of this route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Mehrotra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Pavan Kalyan BG
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Pawan Ganesh Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology,Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | | | - Jyothsna Manikkath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
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House JD, Brodkorb A, Messina M, Braun M, Krul ES. Options for substantiating protein content claims for conventional foods. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:395-404. [PMID: 38088347 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In Canada and the United States, front-of-package protein content claims require data to support the quality of the protein. In general, protein quality reflects the product of the amino acid composition of the food protein relative to human amino acid requirements and a measure of digestibility. The currently accepted method in both jurisdictions is the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) that requires the measurement of true fecal protein (nitrogen) digestibility. The latter must be measured in vivo using a rat model. This requirement for animal testing is inconsistent with international efforts to reduce the usage of animals in testing for regulatory purposes. The current commentary positions four options to remove the need to use animal testing for determining protein quality, when considering protein content claim substantiation. These options include (i) a focus on protein quantity alone; (ii) the use of the amino acid score alone, with no correction for digestibility; (iii) the use of a fixed digestibility coefficient to estimate protein quality; and (iv) the use of in vitro methods to measure protein and/or amino acid digestibility. The relative merits and deficiencies of the options are positioned with the goal of encouraging dialogue within the regulatory agencies to move towards alternative approaches for substantiating protein content claims on foods, including those derived from plant-based sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D House
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Richardson Centre for Food Technology and Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - André Brodkorb
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy Co., Cork, Ireland
| | - Mark Messina
- Soy Nutrition Institute Global, 1747 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20006, USA
| | | | - Elaine S Krul
- EKSci LLC, 594 Gederson Lane, St. Louis, MO 63122, USA
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7
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Cebrián-Lloret V, Martínez-Abad A, Recio I, López-Rubio A, Martínez-Sanz M. In vitro digestibility of proteins from red seaweeds: Impact of cell wall structure and processing methods. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113990. [PMID: 38309924 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the nutritional quality and digestibility of proteins in two red seaweed species, Gelidium corneum and Gracilaropsis longissima, through the application of in vitro gastrointestinal digestions, and evaluate the impact of two consecutive processing steps, extrusion and compression moulding, to produce food snacks. The protein content in both seaweeds was approximately 16 %, being primarily located within the cell walls. Both species exhibited similar amino acid profiles, with aspartic and glutamic acid being most abundant. However, processing impacted their amino acid profiles, leading to a significant decrease in labile amino acids like lysine. Nevertheless, essential amino acids constituted 35-36 % of the total in the native seaweeds and their processed products. Although the protein digestibility in both seaweed species was relatively low (<60 %), processing, particularly extrusion, enhanced it by approximately 10 %. Interestingly, the effect of the different processing steps on the digestibility varied between the two species. This difference was mainly attributed to compositional and structural differences. G. corneum exhibited increased digestibility with each processing step, while G. longissima reached maximum digestibility after extrusion. Notably, changes in the amino acid profiles of the processed products affected adversely the protein nutritional quality, with lysine becoming the limiting amino acid. These findings provide the basis for developing strategies to enhance protein quality in these seaweed species, thereby facilitating high-quality food production with potential applications in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Cebrián-Lloret
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, IATA-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez-Abad
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, IATA-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isidra Recio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo López-Rubio
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, IATA-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Wang Y, Hernández-Alvarez AJ, Goycoolea FM, Martínez-Villaluenga C. A comparative study of the digestion behavior and functionality of protein from chia ( Salvia hispanica L.) ingredients and protein fractions. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100684. [PMID: 38323027 PMCID: PMC10845256 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein derived from chia (Salvia hispanica L.), characterized by a balanced amino acid composition, represents a potentially healthier and environmentally friendly alternative poised for innovation within the plant-based food sector. It was hypothesized that the growing location of chia seeds and processing techniques used might influence protein digestion patterns, which in turn could affect the biological functions of the digestion products. To examine this hypothesis, we assessed the gastrointestinal fate of degummed-defatted flour (DDF), protein concentrate (PC), and isolated albumin (Alb) and globulin (Glo) fractions. Furthermore, we compared the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the resulting digesta by means of in vitro and cellular assays. Post-gastrointestinal digestion, the PC exhibited elevated levels of soluble protein (7.6 and 6.3 % for Mexican and British PC, respectively) and peptides (24.8 and 27.9 %, respectively) of larger molecular sizes compared to DDF, Alb, and Glo. This can be attributed to differences in the extraction/fractionation processes. Leucine was found to be the most prevalent amino acids in all chia digesta. Such variations in the digestive outcomes of chia protein components significantly influenced the bioactivity of the intestinal digestates. During gastrointestinal transit, British Glo exhibited the best reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibition activity in oxidative-stressed RAW264.7 macrophages, while Mexican digesta outperformed British samples in terms of ROS inhibition within the oxidative-stressed Caco-2 cells. Additionally, both Mexican and British Alb showed effectively anti-inflammatory potential, with keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) inhibition rate of 82 and 91 %, respectively. Additionally, Mexican PC and Alb generally demonstrated an enhanced capacity to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions in vitro. These findings highlight the substantial potential of chia seeds as functional food ingredients, resonating with the shifting preferences of health-conscious consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Cristina Martínez-Villaluenga
- Department of Technological Processes and Biotechnology, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 6, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Ye H, Yu W. Different influences of dietary fiber from various sources on the in vitro digestibility of casein as uncovered by the study of protein-dietary fiber interactions. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113845. [PMID: 38163735 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
How different dietary fibers including pectin, cellulose and lignin affect casein digestibility was studied using in vitro static protocols. Peptides' profile, free amino acids (AAs) content, casein-DF interactions and their influences on enzymatic activities of proteolytic enzymes were studied using combined techniques. Under gastric and intestinal digestive conditions, while pectin could reduce casein digestibility (with an averaged decrease of 12.15% and 7.83, respectively) through both depletion flocculation and hydrogen-binding interactions, lignin inhibited the digestion of casein straightly through reducing the enzymatic activity of proteolytic enzymes, thereby altering the production of free AAs. Although cellulose showed the least detrimental effects, it still significantly reduced the content of Thr, Glu, Val, Leu, Phe, Lys, and no Arg was released. Deeper insight into casein-DF interactions and their influences on casein digestibility improves the development of more effective forms of DF for improving AA homeostasis in individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfei Ye
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou City 510632, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou City 510632, China.
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Leite JAS, Montoya CA, Loveday SM, Mullaney JA, Loo TS, McNabb WC, Roy NC. The impact of heating and drying on protease activities of ruminant milk before and after in vitro infant digestion. Food Chem 2023; 429:136979. [PMID: 37506658 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of heating (63°C/30 min or 75°C/15 s) and drying (spray-drying or freeze-drying) on plasmin, cathepsin D, and elastase activities in bovine, ovine, and caprine milk, compared to non-dried raw milk counterparts. Protease activities and protein hydrolysis were assessed before and after in vitro infant digestion with or without gastric and pancreatic enzymes. At 75°C/15 s, plasmin activity in caprine and ovine milk decreased (69-75%, p<0.05), while cathepsin D activity in spray-dried bovine milk heated increased (2.8-fold, p<0.05). Plasmin and cathepsin D activities increased (<1.2-fold, p<0.05) after in vitro digestion with pancreatin, regardless of milk species. Endogenous milk enzymes hydrolyzed more proteins than gastric enzymes during gastric digestion and contributed to small intestinal digestion. In summary, milk proteases remained active after processing with effects dependent on the species of milk, and they contributed to in vitro protein hydrolysis in the stomach and small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana A S Leite
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Carlos A Montoya
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; Smart Foods & Bioproducts Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - Simon M Loveday
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Jane A Mullaney
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Trevor S Loo
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Warren C McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; Department of Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
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Pamshong SR, Bhatane D, Sarnaik S, Alexander A. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles: An emerging approach in overcoming the challenges with oral delivery of proteins and peptides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113613. [PMID: 37913702 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Proteins and peptides (PPs), as therapeutics are widely explored in the past few decades, by virtue of their inherent advantages like high specificity and biocompatibility with minimal side effects. However, owing to their macromolecular size, poor membrane permeability, and high enzymatic susceptibility, the effective delivery of PPs is often challenging. Moreover, their subjection to varying environmental conditions, when administered orally, results in PPs denaturation and structural conformation, thereby lowering their bioavailability. Hence, for effective delivery with enhanced bioavailability, protection of PPs using nanoparticle-based delivery system has gained a growing interest. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), with their tailored morphology and pore size, high surface area, easy surface modification, versatile loading capacity, excellent thermal stability, and good biocompatibility, are eligible candidates for the effective delivery of macromolecules to the target site. This review highlights the different barriers hindering the oral absorption of PPs and the various strategies available to overcome them. In addition, the potential benefits of MSNs, along with their diversifying role in controlling the loading of PPs and their release under the influence of specific stimuli, are also discussed in length. Further, the tuning of MSNs for enhanced gene transfection efficacy is also highlighted. Since extensive research is ongoing in this area, this review is concluded with an emphasis on the potential risks of MSNs that need to be addressed prior to their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Rose Pamshong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
| | - Dhananjay Bhatane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
| | - Santosh Sarnaik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam 781101, India.
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Portmann R, Jiménez-Barrios P, Jardin J, Abbühl L, Barile D, Danielsen M, Huang YP, Dalsgaard TK, Miralles B, Briard-Bion V, Cattaneo S, Chambon C, Cudennec B, De Noni I, Deracinois B, Dupont D, Duval A, Flahaut C, López-Nicolás R, Nehir El S, Pica V, Santé-Lhoutellier V, Stuknytė M, Theron L, Sayd T, Recio I, Egger L. A multi-centre peptidomics investigation of food digesta: current state of the art in mass spectrometry analysis and data visualisation. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112887. [PMID: 37254335 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry has become the technique of choice for the assessment of a high variety of molecules in complex food matrices. It is best suited for monitoring the evolution of digestive processes in vivo and in vitro. However, considering the variety of equipment available in different laboratories and the diversity of sample preparation methods, instrumental settings for data acquisition, statistical evaluations, and interpretations of results, it is difficult to predict a priori the ideal parameters for optimal results. The present work addressed this uncertainty by executing an inter-laboratory study with samples collected during in vitro digestion and presenting an overview of the state-of-the-art mass spectrometry applications and analytical capabilities available for studying food digestion. Three representative high-protein foods - skim milk powder (SMP), cooked chicken breast and tofu - were digested according to the static INFOGEST protocol with sample collection at five different time points during gastric and intestinal digestion. Ten laboratories analysed all digesta with their in-house equipment and applying theirconventional workflow. The compiled results demonstrate in general, that soy proteins had a slower gastric digestion and the presence of longer peptide sequences in the intestinal phase compared to SMP or chicken proteins, suggesting a higher resistance to the digestion of soy proteins. Differences in results among the various laboratories were attributed more to the peptide selection criteria than to the individual analytical platforms. Overall, the combination of mass spectrometry techniques with suitable methodological and statistical approaches is adequate for contributing to the characterisation of the recently defined digestome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto Portmann
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Jiménez-Barrios
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lychou Abbühl
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Marianne Danielsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Centre for Innovative Food Research (CiFood), Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Circular Bioeconomy (CBIO), lichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Yu-Ping Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Trine Kastrup Dalsgaard
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Centre for Innovative Food Research (CiFood), Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Circular Bioeconomy (CBIO), lichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Beatriz Miralles
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Stefano Cattaneo
- University of Milan, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Christophe Chambon
- INRAE, UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux and/or PFEM CP, F-63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Benoit Cudennec
- UMR Transfronalière BioEcoAgro-INRae 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Ôpale, ICV-Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ivano De Noni
- University of Milan, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Deracinois
- UMR Transfronalière BioEcoAgro-INRae 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Ôpale, ICV-Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Angéline Duval
- INRAE, UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux and/or PFEM CP, F-63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Christophe Flahaut
- UMR Transfronalière BioEcoAgro-INRae 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Ôpale, ICV-Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rubén López-Nicolás
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Sedef Nehir El
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Valentina Pica
- University of Milan, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Milda Stuknytė
- University of Milan, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Laetitia Theron
- INRAE, UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux and/or PFEM CP, F-63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Thierry Sayd
- INRAE, UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux and/or PFEM CP, F-63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Isidra Recio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lotti Egger
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Atallah N, Gaudichon C, Boulier A, Baniel A, Cudennec B, Deracinois B, Ravallec R, Flahaut C, Azzout-Marniche D, Khodorova N, Chapelais M, Calvez J. Differential effects of milk proteins on amino acid digestibility, post-prandial nitrogen utilization and intestinal peptide profiles in rats. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112814. [PMID: 37254390 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the protein digestibility and postprandial metabolism in rats of milk protein matrices obtained by different industrial processes. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted on Wistar rats that consumed a meal containing different 15N-labeled milk proteins. Four milk matrices were tested: native micellar caseins (C1), caseins low in calcium (C2 low Ca2+), a matrix containing a ratio 63:37 of caseins and whey proteins (CW2) and whey proteins alone (W). Blood and urine were collected during the postprandial period and rats were euthanized 6 h after meal intake to collect digestive contents and organs. RESULTS Orocaecal digestibility values of amino acids ranged between 96.0 ± 0.2% and 96.6 ± 0.4% for C1-, C2 low Ca2+- and W-matrices, while this value was significantly lower for CW2 matrix (92.4 ± 0.5%). More dietary nitrogen was sequestered in the splanchnic area (intestinal mucosa and liver) as well as in plasma proteins after ingestion of W matrix, especially compared to the C1- and C2 low Ca2+-matrices. Peptidomic analysis showed that more milk protein-derived peptides were identified in the caecum of rats after the ingestion of the matrices containing caseins compared to W matrix. CONCLUSION We found that demineralization of micellar caseins did not modify its digestibility and postprandial metabolism. The low digestibility of the modified casein-to-whey ratio matrix may be ascribed to a lower accessibility of the protein to digestive enzymes due to changes in the protein structure, while the higher nitrogen splanchnic retention after ingestion of whey was probably due to the fast assimilation of its protein content. Finally, our results showed that industrial processes that modify the structure and/or composition of milk proteins influence protein digestion and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Atallah
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 91123 Palaiseau, France; Ingredia S.A. 62033 Arras Cedex, France; UMRt BioEcoAgro-INRAe 1158, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Institut Charles Viollette, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Claire Gaudichon
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 91123 Palaiseau, France
| | | | | | - Benoit Cudennec
- UMRt BioEcoAgro-INRAe 1158, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Institut Charles Viollette, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Barbara Deracinois
- UMRt BioEcoAgro-INRAe 1158, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Institut Charles Viollette, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Rozenn Ravallec
- UMRt BioEcoAgro-INRAe 1158, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Institut Charles Viollette, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Flahaut
- UMRt BioEcoAgro-INRAe 1158, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Institut Charles Viollette, 59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Nadezda Khodorova
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 91123 Palaiseau, France
| | - Martin Chapelais
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 91123 Palaiseau, France
| | - Juliane Calvez
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 91123 Palaiseau, France.
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Zhang Q, Zheng L, Luo D, Zhao M. In Vitro Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion Stability of a Neuroprotective Octapeptide WCPFSRSF and Prediction of Potential Bioactive Peptides in Its Digestive Fragments by Multiple Bioinformatics Tools. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6987-6998. [PMID: 37128773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
WCPFSRSF, an octapeptide (Trp-Cys-Pro-Phe-Ser-Arg-Ser-Phe), has been reported to improve memory in mice, but its gastrointestinal stability is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gastrointestinal stability of peptide WCPFSRSF and explore the neuroprotective potential of its digestive fragments. Results showed that the content of WCPFSRSF after gastric and gastrointestinal digestion decreased to 71.64% and less than 1%, respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant and neuroprotective ability of WCPFSRSF were also affected. Eleven and nine peptides were identified in its gastric and gastrointestinal digestive products, respectively. Multiple bioinformatics tools in combination with principal component analysis were employed to assess the physicochemical and structural properties of peptides. Novel peptides generated after gastrointestinal digestion could be classified into three groups: the first group had high bioactivity and bioavailability; the second group had high amphiphilicity, charge, and net hydrogen; and the third group had a long peptide chain. In addition, the representative peptides WCPF and SR showed neuroprotective ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Donghui Luo
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China
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15
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Beaubier S, Pineda-Vadillo C, Mesieres O, Framboisier X, Galet O, Kapel R. Improving the in vitro digestibility of rapeseed albumins resistant to gastrointestinal proteolysis while preserving the functional properties using enzymatic hydrolysis. Food Chem 2023; 407:135132. [PMID: 36508873 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Study of in vitro digestibility of high-quality isolate of rapeseed albumins (RA) was carried out in this work, using Size-Exclusion Chromatography. A poor in vitro digestibility of the RA isolate was highlighted (15%). The aim of this study was therefore to improve the RA in vitro digestibility by enzymatic hydrolysis while preserving its attractive functional properties. Alcalase, Flavourzyme and Prolyve were used to obtain 12 hydrolysates with various degrees of hydrolysis (DH) and compositions. All hydrolysates showed improved digestibility and those with the highest DH showed the best improvements. Techno-functional properties of these hydrolysates were also characterized. The poor emulsion capacity of initial RA was improved and results showed that extent proteolysis can be a good way to improve both digestibility and functional properties. Moreover, optimal conditions for RA proteolysis were identified to produce with Flavourzyme a partial hydrolysate (still containing 50% intact RA) that is both digestible and functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Beaubier
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France; Groupe AVRIL, 11 rue de Monceau, F-75008 Paris, France
| | | | - Odile Mesieres
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Xavier Framboisier
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Galet
- Groupe AVRIL, 11 rue de Monceau, F-75008 Paris, France
| | - Romain Kapel
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France.
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16
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Fu L, Gao S, Li B. Impact of Processing Methods on the In Vitro Protein Digestibility and DIAAS of Various Foods Produced by Millet, Highland Barley and Buckwheat. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081714. [PMID: 37107509 PMCID: PMC10137793 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereals are rich sources of dietary protein, whose nutritional assessments are often performed on raw grains or protein isolates. However, processing and gastrointestinal digestion may affect amino acid (AA) compositions, then change the protein quality. In this study, we determined the digestibility and AA compositions of various foods produced by whole grains (PG) or flour (PF) from three cereals (millet, highland barley and buckwheat) and analyzed the impact of processing methods on the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) using the INFOGEST protocol. The in vitro protein digestibility of cereal-based foods was lower than raw grains, and PF showed a better digestion property than PG. The intestinal digestibility of individual AA within a food varied widely, and the digestibility of Cys and Ile was the lowest among all AAs. The DIAAS values of PG were lower than those of PF in each kind of cereal, and PF of buckwheat had the highest DIAAS value, followed by highland barley. The first limiting AA was still Lys for millet and highland barley compared to the raw grains; however, for buckwheat it was Leu. This study provided nutritional information on cereal products and helped to guide the collocation of different foods in diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Fu
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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17
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Chitchumroonchokchai C, Riedl K, García-Cano I, Chaves F, Walsh KR, Jimenez-Flores R, Failla ML. Efficient in vitro digestion of lipids and proteins in bovine milk fat globule membrane ingredient (MFGMi) and whey-casein infant formula with added MFGMi. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:3086-3097. [PMID: 36935237 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The relative immaturity of the infant digestive system has the potential to affect the bioavailability of dietary lipids, proteins, and their digested products. We performed a lipidomic analysis of a commercial bovine milk fat globule membrane ingredient (MFGMi) and determined the profile of lipids and proteins in the bioaccessible fraction after in vitro digestion of both the ingredient and whey-casein-based infant formula without and with MFGMi. Test materials were digested using a static 2-phase in vitro model, with conditions simulating those in the infant gut. The extent of digestion and the bioaccessibility of various classes of neutral and polar lipids were monitored by measuring a wide targeted lipid profile using direct infusion-mass spectrometry. Digestion of abundant proteins in the ingredient and whey-casein infant formula containing the ingredient was determined by denaturing PAGE with imaging of Coomassie Brilliant Blue stained bands. Cholesterol esters, diacylglycerides, triacylglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines in MFGMi were hydrolyzed readily during in vitro digestion, which resulted in marked increases in the amounts of free fatty acids and lyso-phospholipids in the bioaccessible fraction. In contrast, sphingomyelins, ceramides, and gangliosides were largely resistant to simulated digestion. Proteins in MFGMi and the infant formulas also were hydrolyzed efficiently. The results suggest that neutral lipids, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and proteins in MFGMi are digested efficiently during conditions that simulate the prandial lumen of the stomach and small intestine of infants. Also, supplementation of whey-casein-based infant formula with MFGMi did not appear to alter the profiles of lipids and proteins in the bioaccessible fraction after digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth Riedl
- Nutrient and Phytochemical Analytics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - Israel García-Cano
- Department of Nutrition, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Fabio Chaves
- Nutrient and Phytochemical Analytics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - Kelly R Walsh
- Reckitt, Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Evansville, IN 47721
| | - Rafael Jimenez-Flores
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
| | - Mark L Failla
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
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18
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Sousa R, Recio I, Heimo D, Dubois S, Moughan PJ, Hodgkinson SM, Portmann R, Egger L. In vitro digestibility of dietary proteins and in vitro DIAAS analytical workflow based on the INFOGEST static protocol and its validation with in vivo data. Food Chem 2023; 404:134720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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19
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Peptidomic Characterization and Amino Acid Availability after Intake of Casein vs. a Casein Hydrolysate in a Pig Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051065. [PMID: 36904065 PMCID: PMC10005447 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that casein hydrolysis accelerates gastrointestinal transit in comparison to intact casein, although the effect of the protein hydrolysis on the composition of the digests is not fully understood. The aim of this work is to characterize, at the peptidome level, duodenal digests from pigs, as a model of human digestion, fed with micellar casein and a previously described casein hydrolysate. In addition, in parallel experiments, plasma amino acid levels were quantified. A slower transit of nitrogen to the duodenum was found when the animals received micellar casein. Duodenal digests from casein contained a wider range of peptide sizes and a higher number of peptides above five amino acids long in comparison with the digests from the hydrolysate. The peptide profile was markedly different, and although β-casomorphin-7 precursors were also found in hydrolysate samples, other opioid sequences were more abundant in the casein digests. Within the same substrate, the evolution of the peptide pattern at different time points showed minimal changes, suggesting that the protein degradation rate relies more on the gastrointestinal location than on digestion time. Higher plasma concentrations of methionine, valine, lysine and amino acid metabolites were found in animals fed with the hydrolysate at short times (<200 min). The duodenal peptide profiles were evaluated with discriminant analysis tools specific for peptidomics to identify sequence differences between both substrates that can be used for future human physiological and metabolic studies.
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20
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Komatsu Y, Tsuda M, Wada Y, Shibasaki T, Nakamura H, Miyaji K. Nutritional Evaluation of Milk-, Plant-, and Insect-Based Protein Materials by Protein Digestibility Using the INFOGEST Digestion Method. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2503-2513. [PMID: 36695832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The INFOGEST method is a valuable tool for understanding and monitoring food digestion as an alternative to in vivo assays. However, few studies have compared animal and alternative protein sources in terms of protein quality using the INFOGEST method. This study aimed to evaluate the protein quality of milk-, plant-, and insect-based protein materials by in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS), following the INFOGEST method. Milk-based protein materials had the highest protein digestibility (86.1-90.8%), followed by soy (85.1%) and wheat (82.3%). These materials had significantly higher protein digestibility compared with zein (65.1%), cricket (63.6%), and mealworm (69.5%). Additionally, the mean values of in vitro DIAAS of milk-based protein materials (105.0-137.5) were higher than those of plant- and insect-based protein materials (1.9-91.0). Milk-based protein materials have higher protein quality than plant- and insect-based protein materials by the nutritional evaluation following the INFOGEST digestion method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Komatsu
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
- Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Sapporo001-0021, Japan
| | - Muneya Tsuda
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Wada
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
- Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Sapporo001-0021, Japan
| | - Takuya Shibasaki
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Nakamura
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Miyaji
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
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21
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Ribes S, Genot M, Aubry L, Talens P, Vénien A, Santé-Lhoutellier V, Peyron MA. Oral impairments decrease the nutrient bioaccessibility of bread in the elderly. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Santos-Hernández M, Vivanco-Maroto SM, Miralles B, Recio I. Food peptides as inducers of CCK and GLP-1 secretion and GPCRs involved in enteroendocrine cell signalling. Food Chem 2023; 402:134225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Magouz O, Mehanna N, Khalifa M, Sakr H, Gensberger-Reigl S, Dalabasmaz S, Pischetsrieder M. Profiles, antioxidative and ACE inhibitory activity of peptides released from fermented buttermilk before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Álvarez-Olguín MA, Beltrán-Barrientos LM, Hernandez-Mendoza A, González-Córdova AF, Vallejo-Cordoba B. Current trends and perspectives on bioaccessibility and bioavailability of food bioactive peptides: in vitro and ex vivo studies. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6824-6834. [PMID: 35716022 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The bioaccessibility and bioavailability of food-derived bioactive compounds are important issues when assessing their in vivo physiological health-promoting effects. Food components such as proteins and peptides are exposed to different proteases and peptidases during gastrointestinal digestion and absorption. Different in vitro approaches have therefore been developed to evaluate the bioaccessibility and stability of bioactive peptides. The static simulated gastrointestinal digestion model (SGD) was widely reported to assess the bioaccessibility of bioactive peptides. On the other hand, although the dynamic SGD model may better simulate human digestion, it has rarely been explored in bioaccessibility studies of food bioactive peptides due to its high cost and lack of standardization. For bioavailability studies, the Caco-2 cell monolayer model has been used extensively for the assessment of food bioactive peptides. In fact, very few reports using alternative methods for determining transepithelial transport of bioactive peptides have been employed. In this sense, ex vivo tissue-based models such as the Ussing chamber and the everted sac gut have been used. Current evidence supports the fact that using SGD with cell-based models for evaluating the bioaccessibility, absorption, and bioavailability of food-derived bioactive peptides, is the most commonly used approach. Nevertheless, SGD with ex vivo tissue-based models such as the everted sac, remains to be further explored because it seems to be the model that better mimics the physiological process - it is also fast and inexpensive, and several compounds may be tested simultaneously. In the present review, we discuss information available on the different in vitro approaches for the determination of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of food-derived bioactive peptides with special emphasis on ex vivo tissue-based models such as the everted sac and the Ussing chamber models. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Álvarez-Olguín
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Lilia M Beltrán-Barrientos
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Adrian Hernandez-Mendoza
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
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25
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Advances in analytical techniques coupled to in vitro bioassays in the search for new peptides with functional activity in effect-directed analysis. Food Chem 2022; 397:133784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Darewicz M, Pliszka M, Borawska-Dziadkiewicz J, Minkiewicz P, Iwaniak A. Multi-Bioactivity of Protein Digests and Peptides from Oat ( Avena sativa L.) Kernels in the Prevention of the Cardiometabolic Syndrome. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227907. [PMID: 36432008 PMCID: PMC9695537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the digests and peptides derived from oat kernel proteins in terms of their major enzyme inhibitory activities related to the prevention of cardiometabolic syndrome. It also entailed the characteristics of antioxidant bioactivity of the analyzed material. The study was carried out using coupled in silico and in vitro methods. The additional goal was to investigate whether identified peptides can pervade Caco-2 cells. Based on the results of bioinformatic analysis, it was found that the selected oat proteins may be a potential source of 107 peptides with DPP-IV and/or ACE inhibitory and/or antioxidant activity. The duodenal digest of oat kernels revealed multiple activities. It inhibited the activities of the following enzymes: DPP-IV (IC50 = 0.51 vs. 10.82 mg/mL of the intact protein), α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.55 vs. 25.20 mg/mL), and ACE (IC50 = 0.82 vs. 34.52 mg/mL). The DPPH• scavenging activity was 35.7% vs. 7.93% that of the intact protein. After in silico digestion of oat proteins, 24 peptides were selected for identification using LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Among them, 13 sequences were successfully identified. One of them, i.e., VW peptide, exhibited triple activities, i.e., DPP-IV and ACE inhibitory and DPPH• scavenging activity. The multifunctional peptides: PW, TF, VF, and VW, were identified in the basolateral samples after transport experiments. Both in silico and in vitro analyses demonstrated that oat kernel proteins were the abundant sources of bioactive digests and peptides to be used in a diet for patients suffering from cardiometabolic syndrome.
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Cell Proteins Obtained by Peptic Shaving of Two Phenotypically Different Strains of Streptococcus thermophilus as a Source of Anti-Inflammatory Peptides. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224777. [PMID: 36432464 PMCID: PMC9695010 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus thermophilus, a food grade bacterium, is extensively used in the manufacture of fermented products such as yogurt and cheeses. It has been shown that S. thermophilus strains exhibited varying anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Our previous study displayed that this activity could be partially due to peptide(s) generated by trypsin hydrolysis of the surface proteins of S. thermophilus LMD-9. Surface protease PrtS could be the source of these peptides during gastrointestinal digestion. Therefore, peptide hydrolysates were obtained by shaving two phenotypically distinct strains of S. thermophilus (LMD-9 PrtS+ and CNRZ-21N PrtS-) with pepsin, a gastric protease, followed or not by trypsinolysis. The peptide hydrolysates of both strains exhibited anti-inflammatory action through the modulation of pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages (COX-2, Pro-IL-1β, IL-1β, and IL-8) and LPS-stimulated HT-29 cells (IL-8). Therefore, peptides released from either PrtS+ or PrtS- strains in the gastrointestinal tract during digestion of a product containing this bacterium may display anti-inflammatory effects and reduce the risk of inflammation-related chronic diseases.
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28
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Jia W, Zhu J, Wang X, Peng J, Shi L. Covalent or non-covalent binding of polyphenols, polysaccharides, metal ions and nanoparticles to beta-lactoglobulin and advanced processing techniques: Reduce allergenicity and regulate digestion of beta-lactoglobulin. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Evaluation of the effects of simulated in vitro digestion by Gastrodia elata on biological activity and gut microflora regulation. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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Sabet S, Kirjoranta SJ, Lampi AM, Lehtonen M, Pulkkinen E, Valoppi F. Addressing criticalities in the INFOGEST static in vitro digestion protocol for oleogel analysis. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Liu B, Qiao W, Zhang M, Liu Y, Zhao J, Chen L. Bovine milk with variant β-casein types on immunological mediated intestinal changes and gut health of mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:970685. [PMID: 36245506 PMCID: PMC9562473 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.970685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary proteins provide bioactive peptides, which are important for host gastrointestinal functions. We hypothesized that A2-type β-casein could provide gastrointestinal benefits and improve the immune and gut health. This study was conducted to investigate those effects and mechanisms. Thirty BALB-c mice (3–4 weeks old) were fed with either a control diet (control), a diet supplemented with bovine milk containing A1 and A2 type β-casein (A1A2, contains 63.62% A2 β-casein of total β-casein) or a diet containing A2 type β-casein (A2A2, contains 95.96% A2 β-casein of total β-casein) (10 ml/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. Immunoglobulin and inflammation factors were measured in serum, and histological variations were measured in duodenal and ileum, and stool 16S rRNA and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents were measured in fecal samples. Results showed that consumption of A2-type β-casein milk could improve proximal small intestine villus and crypt morphology (p < 0.05), increase IgG and IgE responses, and modulate the composition and diversity of gut microbiota by increase the relative abundance of phylum Proteobacteria, class Clostridia, family Ruminococcaceae and species Lactobacillus animalis (p < 0.05). There were also significant associations between gut microbes, immune response, and SCFAs, especially isobutyric acid (p < 0.05), which may potentially regulated gastrointestinal benefits. Moreover, intake of A2-type β-casein milk had no impact on inflammation. These findings explained potential benefits of consumption of A2-type β-casein milk on host immune system and gut health outcomes, and provide insights to the future application of nutritional modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Weicang Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yanpin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Junying Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lijun Chen,
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32
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Antioxidant Potential of the Sweet Whey-Based Beverage Colada after the Digestive Process and Relationships with the Lipid and Protein Fractions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091827. [PMID: 36139901 PMCID: PMC9495724 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Whey-based beverages could be an effective way of reusing a by-product of th cheese industry, mitigating environmental hazards and, at the same time, profiting a useful food with high nutritional and antioxidant properties. In this study, a traditional Ecuadorian beverage (Colada) was prepared combining sweet whey, Maracuyá and barley. Antioxidant properties before and after an in vitro digestion using the INFOGEST method were determined, and relationships with intestinal transformations of the lipid and protein fractions were analyzed. The digestive process had a positive effect on antioxidant properties based on increased values of ABTS and FRAP located in the bioaccessible fraction (BF), together with strong increments of total polyphenols. Moreover, pretreatment of Caco-2 cells with the BF of Colada significantly reduced ROS generation (p < 0.001) measured by the dichlorofluorescein assay. Substantial changes of the fatty acid profile occurred during digestion, such as a fall of saturated fatty acids and a rise of polyunsaturated. The protein profile, examined by SDS-PAGE and exclusion molecular chromatography in the BF, showed that the major part of the proteins were digested in the intestinal phase. Analysis of NanoLC-MS/MS revealed 18 antioxidant peptides originated from whey proteins, but also 16 peptides from barley with potential antioxidant properties. In conclusion, combining sweet whey with Maracuyá and barley constitutes an excellent nutritional beverage with a strong antioxidant potential.
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33
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Liu G, Guo B, Luo M, Sun S, Lin Q, Kan Q, He Z, Miao J, Du H, Xiao H, Cao Y. A comprehensive review on preparation, structure-activities relationship, and calcium bioavailability of casein phosphopeptides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:996-1014. [PMID: 36052610 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2111546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is one of the important elements for human health. Calcium deficiencies can lead to numerous diseases. Calcium chelating peptides have shown potential application in the management of calcium deficiencies. Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) are phosphoseryl-containing fragments of casein by enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation during manufacture of milk products as well as during intestinal digestion. An increasing number of CPP with the ability to facilitate and enhance the bioavailability of calcium are being discovered and identified. In this review, 249 reported CPP derived from four types of bovine casein (αs1, αs2, β and κ) were collected, and the amino acid sequence and phosphoserine group information were sorted out. This review outlines the current enzyme hydrolysis, detection methods, purification, structure-activity relationship and mechanism of intestinal calcium absorption in vitro and in vivo as well as application of CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoyan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minna Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Shengwei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianru Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qixin Kan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeqi He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyin Miao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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34
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Caira S, Pinto G, Picariello G, Vitaglione P, De Pascale S, Scaloni A, Addeo F. In vivo absorptomics: Identification of bovine milk-derived peptides in human plasma after milk intake. Food Chem 2022; 385:132663. [PMID: 35290952 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A dedicated two-step purification procedure prior to nanoliquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry analysis enabled the identification of bovine milk-derived peptides absorbed and circulating in the plasma of three healthy volunteers who received 250 mL of pasteurized milk after a 10-days washout. The appearance and clearance of milk peptides in plasma were monitored at various time points. Overall, 758, 273 and 212 unique peptides derived from 15, 15 and 18 bovine milk proteins, respectively, were identified in the plasma of these volunteers, evidencing a substantial inter-individual variability. Peptides encrypting possible bioactive and/or immunogenic molecules originating from caseins, β-lactoglobulin and minor milk proteins were detected. Peptide representation data revealed the combined action of endoproteases involved in primary hydrolysis during gastroduodenal digestion and exopeptidases that hydrolyse peptides in the small intestine. It remains to be established whether the half-life and concentration ranges of circulating milk-derived peptides may have any impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Caira
- Proteomics, Metabolomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council, Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Picariello
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Paola Vitaglione
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Università 100, Parco Gussone, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Sabrina De Pascale
- Proteomics, Metabolomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council, Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics, Metabolomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council, Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Francesco Addeo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Università 100, Parco Gussone, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
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35
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Caira S, Picariello G, Renzone G, Arena S, Troise AD, De Pascale S, Ciaravolo V, Pinto G, Addeo F, Scaloni A. Recent developments in peptidomics for the quali-quantitative analysis of food-derived peptides in human body fluids and tissues. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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36
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Koev TT, Harris HC, Kiamehr S, Khimyak YZ, Warren FJ. Starch hydrogels as targeted colonic drug delivery vehicles. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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37
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Vivanco-Maroto SM, Santos-Hernández M, Sanchón J, Picariello G, Recio I, Miralles B. In vitro digestion of milk proteins including intestinal brush border membrane peptidases. Transepithelial transport of resistant casein domains. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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38
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Identification, production and bioactivity of casein phosphopeptides – A review. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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39
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Long-term daily high-protein, drained yoghurt consumption alters abundance of selected functional groups of the human gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acid profiles in a cohort of overweight and obese women. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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40
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Vinod SM, Sangeetha MS, Thamarai Selvan R, Shoba G, Tamizhdurai P, Kumaran R. Molecular docking approach on the molecular interactions involving beta-lactoglobulin (βLG)-4-Dicyanomethylene2,6-Dimethyl-4-Hpyran (DDP) dye in the presence of an antibiotic, norfloxacin. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Development of polysaccharide-casein gel-like structures resistant to in vitro gastric digestion. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Immunomodulatory Role of BLG-Derived Peptides Based on Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion and DC-T Cell from Mice Allergic to Cow's Milk. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101450. [PMID: 35627020 PMCID: PMC9140701 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptides, but not whole protein, elicit an allergic reaction since food allergens should be consumed by digestion. In this study, we explored the remaining peptides after simulated digestion of cow’s milk in order to search for β-lactoglobulin (BLG)-derived peptides that could play an immunomodulatory role. As a major allergen in milk, BLG-derived peptides, 109 in total, were identified both from simulated infant and adult digestion in vitro. These peptides were mainly located in four regions, and they were synthesized as five peptides, namely, BLG1–14, BLG24–35, BLG40–60, BLG82–101, and BLG123–139. Then, the effect of peptides on the Caco-2 cell’s transport absorption, the co-stimulatory molecules of DC, and the T-cell phenotype was explored. The results suggested all peptides showed better transport absorption capacity with the apparent permeability coefficient higher than 2 × 10−6 cm·s−1. The ability of BLG40–60 for promoting lamina propria-derived DC cell (LPDC) maturation was observed by the increase in MHC II. Moreover, BLG1–14 and BLG40–60 directed activation of T lymphocytes towards a Th1 phenotype. This is the first report of the immunomodulatory potential of peptides in the sensitization of allergic reaction, and one peptide, BLG40–60, was regarded as an immunomodulatory peptide, one that should be further explored in an animal model in depth.
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43
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Tamargo A, Cueva C, Silva M, Molinero N, Miralles B, Bartolomé B, Moreno-Arribas MV. Gastrointestinal co-digestion of wine polyphenols with glucose/whey proteins affects their bioaccessibility and impact on colonic microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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44
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Halabi A, Croguennec T, Ménard O, Briard-Bion V, Jardin J, Le Gouar Y, Hennetier M, Bouhallab S, Dupont D, Deglaire A. Protein structure in model infant milk formulas impacts their kinetics of hydrolysis under in vitro dynamic digestion. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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45
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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst KI, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Cubadda F, Frenzel T, Heinonen M, Marchelli R, Neuhäuser‐Berthold M, Poulsen M, Prieto Maradona M, Schlatter JR, van Loveren H, Fernández Dumont A, Noriega Fernández E, Knutsen HK. Safety of Beta-lactoglobulin as a Novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07204. [PMID: 35422882 PMCID: PMC8990528 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The NF (≥ 90% w/w dry matter protein) consists of BLG as primary component (≥ 90% of total protein), which is equivalent to BLG present in bovine milk and whey protein isolate (WPI). The NF is produced from bovine whey by crystallisation under acidic or neutral conditions. The NF is proposed to be used as a food ingredient in isotonic and sport drinks, whey powder and milk-based drinks and similar products, and in food for special medical purposes as defined in Regulation (EU) No 609/2013. The target population is the general population. The highest daily intake of the NF was estimated for children of 3 to < 10 years of age as 667 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day. The NF presents proximate composition and content of essential amino acids similar to those in WPI. The Panel notes that the highest mean and highest 95th percentile daily protein intakes from the NF are below the protein population reference intakes for all population groups. Although a tolerable upper intake level has not been derived for protein, the protein intake from the NF may nevertheless further contribute to an already high dietary protein intake in Europe. The exposure to the reported minerals does not raise concerns. The Panel considers that the consumption of the NF is not nutritionally disadvantageous. No genotoxic concerns were identified from the standard in vitro test battery. No adverse effects were observed in the subchronic toxicity study, up to the highest dose tested, i.e. 1,000 mg NF/kg bw per day. The Panel concludes that the NF is safe under the proposed conditions of use.
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46
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Bielecka M, Cichosz G, Czeczot H. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activities of bovine milk proteins and their hydrolysates - A review. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Nirmal NP, Santivarangkna C, Rajput MS, Benjakul S, Maqsood S. Valorization of fish byproducts: Sources to end-product applications of bioactive protein hydrolysate. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1803-1842. [PMID: 35150206 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fish processing industries result in an ample number of protein-rich byproducts, which have been used to produce protein hydrolysate (PH) for human consumption. Chemical, microbial, and enzymatic hydrolysis processes have been implemented for the production of fish PH (FPH) from diverse types of fish processing byproducts. FPH has been reported to possess bioactive active peptides known to exhibit various biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibition, calcium-binding ability, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibition, immunomodulation, and antiproliferative activity, which are discussed comprehensively in this review. Appropriate conditions for the hydrolysis process (e.g., type and concentration of enzymes, time, and temperature) play an important role in achieving the desired level of hydrolysis, thus affecting the functional and bioactive properties and stability of FPH. This review provides an in-depth and comprehensive discussion on the sources, process parameters, purification as well as functional and bioactive properties of FPHs. The most recent research findings on the impact of production parameters, bitterness of peptide, storage, and food processing conditions on functional properties and stability of FPH were also reported. More importantly, the recent studies on biological activities of FPH and in vivo health benefits were discussed with the possible mechanism of action. Furthermore, FPH-polyphenol conjugate, encapsulation, and digestive stability of FPH were discussed in terms of their potential to be utilized as a nutraceutical ingredient. Last but not the least, various industrial applications of FPH and the fate of FPH in terms of limitations, hurdles, future research directions, and challenges have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mithun Singh Rajput
- Department of Pharmacology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Gujarat, India
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- The International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Sajid Maqsood
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Koh J, Kim BJ, Qu Y, Huang H, Dallas DC. Top-Down Glycopeptidomics Reveals Intact Glycomacropeptide Is Digested to a Wide Array of Peptides in Human Jejunum. J Nutr 2022; 152:429-438. [PMID: 34850069 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine milk κ-casein-derived caseinomacropeptide (CMP) is produced in large quantities during cheese-making and has various biological activities demonstrated via in vitro and in vivo experiments. Previous studies examined protein degradation and peptide release after casein or whey protein consumption. However, whether purified intact CMP that is partially glycosylated survives intact to its presumed site of bioactivity within the gut remains unknown. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which purified intact CMP (including glycosylated forms) is digested into peptide fragments within the jejunum of healthy human adults after consumption. METHODS Jejunal fluids were collected from 3 adult participants (2 men and 1 woman, age: 27 ± 7 y; BMI: 23 ± 1 kg/m2) for 3 h after consuming 37.5 g of purified intact CMP. CMP and CMP-derived peptides were isolated from the collected jejunal fluids by ethanol precipitation and solid-phase extraction and identified by MS-based top-down glycopeptidomics. Relative abundances of CMP and CMP-derived peptides were compared qualitatively between the feed and the jejunal fluids. RESULTS Intact CMP was dominant in feeding material, accounting for 90% of the total ion abundance of detected peptides, and in very low abundance (<2%) in the jejunal fluids. CMP-derived fragment peptides ranging from 11 to 20 amino acids in length were predominant (accounting for 68-88% of the total peptide ion abundance) in jejunal fluids during 1-3 h post consumption. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that intact CMP (including glycosylated forms) is mostly digested in the human jejunum, releasing a wide array of CMP-derived peptide fragments. Some of the CMP-derived peptides with high homology to known bioactive peptides consistently survived across 3 h of digestion. Therefore, future research should examine the biological effects of the partially digested form-the CMP-derived fragments-rather than those of intact CMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeewon Koh
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Bum Jin Kim
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Yunyao Qu
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Honggang Huang
- Research and Development, Arla Foods Ingredients Group P/S, Viby J, Denmark
| | - David C Dallas
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Junejo SA, Flanagan BM, Zhang B, Dhital S. Starch structure and nutritional functionality - Past revelations and future prospects. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118837. [PMID: 34893254 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Starch exists naturally as insoluble semi-crystalline granules assembled by amylose and amylopectin. Acknowledging the pioneers, we have reviewed the major accomplishments in the area of starch structure from the early 18th century and further established the relation of starch structure to nutritional functionality. Although a huge array of work is reported in the area, the review identified that some features of starch are still not fully understood and needs further elucidation. With the rise of diet-related diseases, it has never been more important to understand starch structure and use that knowledge to improve the nutritional value of the world's principal energy source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ahmed Junejo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bernadine M Flanagan
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Sushil Dhital
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton Campus, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Gasparini A, Benedé S, Tedeschi T, Sforza S, Recio I, Miralles B. In vitro simulated semi-dynamic gastrointestinal digestion: evaluation of the effects of processing on whey proteins digestibility and allergenicity. Food Funct 2022; 13:1593-1602. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04102a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of thermal processing on digestibility of milk proteins should be better understood as this can greatly affect their immunoreactivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the...
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