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Zhu F, Dai J, Yan Z, Xu Q, Ma M, Chen N, Liu D, Zang Y. Engineering regioselectivity of glycosyltransferase for efficient polydatin synthesis. Food Chem 2024; 460:140698. [PMID: 39098192 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a promising functional ingredient applied in food products. However, low bioavailability and poor water solubility, which can be improved by glycosylation, hinder its application. A uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) from Bacillus subtilis 168 (named UGTBS) presents potential application for resveratrol glycosylation; nonetheless, imprecise regioselectivity renders the synthesis of resveratrol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (polydatin) difficult. Therefore, molecular evolution was applied to UGTBS. A triple mutant Y14I/I62G/M315W was developed for 3-OH glycosylation of resveratrol and polydatin accounted for 91% of the total product. Kinetic determination and molecular docking indicated that the enhancement of hydrogen bond interaction and altered conformation of the binding pocket increases the enzyme's affinity for the 3-OH group, stabilizing the enzyme-substrate intermediate and promoting polydatin formation. Furthermore, a fed-batch cascade reaction by periodic addition of resveratrol was conducted and nearly 20 mM polydatin was obtained. The mutant Y14I/I62G/M315W can be used for polydatin manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Zhu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China.
| | - Jingli Dai
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HeFei 230012, China
| | - Zixu Yan
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HeFei 230012, China
| | - Qilin Xu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Menghua Ma
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Naidong Chen
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Hepatology Department, Lu'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an city 237005, China
| | - Yongjun Zang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China.
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Zhu F, Yan Z, Dai J, Li G, Xu Q, Ma Y, Ma J, Chen N, Zhang X, Zang Y. Improvement in organic solvent resistance of keratinase BLk by directed evolution. J Biotechnol 2024; 382:37-43. [PMID: 38244699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Keratinase, a vital enzyme in hair degradation, requires enhanced stability for industrial applications in the harsh reaction environment used for keratin hydrolysis. Previous studies have focused on improving keratinase thermostability. In this study, directed evolution was applied to enhance the organic solvent stability of the keratinase BLk from Bacillus licheniformis. Three mutants were identified, exhibiting significant enhanced stability in various solvents, although no similar improvements were observed in terms of thermostability. The identified mutations were located on the enzyme surface. The half-lives of the D41A, A24E, and A24Q mutants increased by 47-, 63-, and 61-fold, respectively, in the presence of 50% (v/v) acetonitrile compared to that of the wild type (WT). Similarly, in the presence of 50% (v/v) acetone, the half-lives of these mutants increased by 22-, 27-, and 27-fold compared to that of the WT enzyme. Notably, the proteolytic activity of all the selected mutants was similar to that of the WT enzyme. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation was used to assess the possible reasons for enhanced solvent stability. These results suggest that heightened intramolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, contribute to improved solvent tolerance. The mutants obtained in this study hold significant potential for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Zhu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China.
| | - Zixu Yan
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Jingli Dai
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Guosi Li
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Qilin Xu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- Anhui Anlito Biological Technology Co., LTD, Anhui Huoshan Economic and Technological Development Zone P.R.C, Lu'an city 237200, China
| | - Jingbo Ma
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Naidong Chen
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China
| | - Xinhong Zhang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230630, China.
| | - Yongjun Zang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an city 237012, China.
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Zhao S, Zheng H, Lu Y, Zhang N, Soladoye OP, Zhang Y, Fu Y. Sweet Taste Receptors and Associated Sweet Peptides: Insights into Structure and Function. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13950-13964. [PMID: 37698386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Long-term consumption of a high-sugar diet may contribute to the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Sweet peptides derived from a wide range of food sources can enhance sweet taste without compromising the sensory properties. Therefore, the research and application of sweet peptides are promising strategies for reducing sugar consumption. This work first outlined the necessity for global sugar reduction, followed by the introduction of sweet taste receptors and their associated transduction mechanisms. Subsequently, recent research progress in sweet peptides from different protein sources was summarized. Furthermore, the main methods for the preparation and evaluation of sweet peptides were presented. In addition, the current challenges and potential applications are also discussed. Sweet peptides can stimulate sweetness perception by binding sweet taste receptors T1R2 and T1R3 in taste buds, which is an effective strategy for reducing sugar consumption. At present, sweet peptides are mainly prepared artificially by synthesis, hydrolysis, microbial fermentation, and bioengineering strategies. Furthermore, sensory evaluation, electronic tongues, and cell models have been used to assess the sweet taste intensity. The present review can provide a theoretical reference for reducing sugar consumption with the aid of sweet peptides in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulei Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyuan Zheng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Olugbenga P Soladoye
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Government of Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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Rational engineering of a metalloprotease to enhance thermostability and activity. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 162:110123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jiang T, Liu C, Xu X, He B, Mo R. Formation Mechanism and Biomedical Applications of Protease-Manipulated Peptide Assemblies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:598050. [PMID: 33718335 PMCID: PMC7952644 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.598050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting enzyme-catalyzed reactions to manipulate molecular assembly has been considered as an attractive bottom-up nanofabrication approach to developing a variety of nano-, micro-, and macroscale structures. Upon enzymatic catalysis, peptides and their derivatives transform to assemblable building blocks that form ordered architecture by non-covalent interactions. The peptide assemblies with unique characteristics have great potential for applications in bionanotechnology and biomedicine. In this mini review, we describe typical mechanisms of the protease-instructed peptide assembly via bond-cleaving or bond-forming reactions, and outline biomedical applications of the peptide assemblies, such as drug depot, sustained release, controlled release, gelation-regulated cytotoxicity, and matrix construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chendan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingfang He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Yao X, Lv Y, Yu H, Cao H, Wang L, Wen B, Gu T, Wang F, Sun L, Xin F. Site-directed mutagenesis of coenzyme-independent carotenoid oxygenase CSO2 to enhance the enzymatic synthesis of vanillin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:3897-3907. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zhu F, He B, Gu F, Deng H, Chen C, Wang W, Chen N. Improvement in organic solvent resistance and activity of metalloprotease by directed evolution. J Biotechnol 2020; 309:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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da Silva Júnior NR, Vital CE, de Almeida Barros R, Faustino VA, Monteiro LP, Barros E, de Oliveira EE, de Oliveira Ramos HJ, de Almeida Oliveira MG. Intestinal proteolytic profile changes during larval development of Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 103:e21631. [PMID: 31587381 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is one of most consumed and produced grains in the world, and Anticarsia gemmatalis is a pest that causes great damage to this crop due to severe defoliation during its larval phase. Plants have mechanisms that lead to the inhibition of proteases in the intestine of these herbivores, hampering their development. Understanding this complex protease inhibitor is important for pest control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic profiles of the intestinal proteases of the soybean caterpillar at different instars. For this, the proteolytic profile of the gut in the third, fourth, and fifth instars were analyzed. Irreversible inhibitors of proteases were separately incubated with A. gemmatalis enzyme extracts at the third, fourth, and fifth instar to assess the contribution of these proteases to total proteolytic activity. The enzymatic extracts were also evaluated with specific substrates to confirm changes in the specific activities of trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like, and cysteine proteases at different instars. The results showed that the protease profile of A. gemmatalis gut changes throughout its larval development. The activity of cysteine proteases was more intense in the first instar. On the contrary, the serine proteases showed major activities in the late stages of the larval phase. Zymogram analysis and protein identification by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated serine protease as the main protease class expressed in the fifth instar. These results may shift the focus from the rational development of the protease inhibitor to A. gemmatalis and other Lepidoptera, as the expression of major proteases is not constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neilier R da Silva Júnior
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Camilo E Vital
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Center of Analysis of Biomolecules, NuBioMol, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Rafael de Almeida Barros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Verônica A Faustino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Luana P Monteiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Barros
- Center of Analysis of Biomolecules, NuBioMol, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Humberto J de Oliveira Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Center of Analysis of Biomolecules, NuBioMol, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Maria G de Almeida Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Zhu F, Deng H, He X, Song X, Chen N, Wang W. High-level expression of Thermobifida fusca glucose isomerase for high fructose corn syrup biosynthesis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 135:109494. [PMID: 32146933 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Glucose isomerase (GIase), an efficient enzyme in the isomerization of d-glucose to d-fructose, has been widely used in food processing. In this study, an efficient expression system for a Thermobifida fusca GIase (GIaseTfus) in Escherichia coli was firstly designed via a two-stage feeding strategy for improving expression level. The cultivation strategy was performed at an exponential feeding rate during the pre-induction phase, followed by a gradient-decreasing feeding rate at the induction phase in a 3-L fermenter. During this process, the effect of induction conditions and the complex nitrogen supplementation in feeding solutions on GIaseTfus production were investigated and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of GIaseTfus reached 124.1 U/mL, which is the highest expression level of GIase by recombinant E. coli reported to date. Additionally, the obtained GIaseTfus was performed to produce high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) with conversion approacing 55 % from glucose (45 %, w/v) to fructose. According to the molecular dynamic simulation, a number of hydrogen bonds existed in the enzyme-substrate complex could stablilize the transient states, and a appreciate reaction distance of M1 catalytic site and oxygen atom of glucose make the reaction proceed easily, thus resulting in the efficient biosynthesis of HFCS. The function of GIaseTfus renders it a valuable catalyst for HFCS-55 (containing 55 % d-fructose) manufacturing, the most favorable industrial product of HFCS. The efficient expression of GIaseTfus and its efficient HFCS production lays the foundation for its proming industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Zhu
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an City 237012, China
| | - Hui Deng
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an City 237012, China
| | - Xiaomei He
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an City 237012, China
| | - Xiangwen Song
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an City 237012, China
| | - Naifu Chen
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an City 237012, China.
| | - Weiyun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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