1
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Ponz-Perelló P, Esteve-Turrillas FA, Cortés MÁ, Herranz J, Pardo O. Development and validation of an analytical method for determination of citrinin in red rice and red yeast rice-based food supplements by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2024; 455:139941. [PMID: 38843711 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Citrinin is a hepato-nephrotoxic mycotoxin produced by fungal species. The Monascus purpureus fungus plays a crucial role in the fermentation of red rice to produce red yeast rice-based food supplements, which represent the primary source of human exposure to citrinin. In this study, a simple and sensitive analytical method was successfully developed and validated for the citrinin determination in these products. The extraction process involved a QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) step and citrinin determination by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The proposed method provided satisfactory linearity, percentage of recovery from 82 to 104% with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 14%, and limits of detection and quantification of 0.07 μg/Kg and 0.24 μg/kg, respectively. Among the 14 samples analyzed, citrinin was found in two red rice samples (0.24 and 0.46 μg/kg) and in six food supplements (from 0.44 to 87 μg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ponz-Perelló
- Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, 50(th) Dr. Moliner St, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Cortés
- Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, Avenida Cataluña, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Herranz
- Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, Avenida Cataluña, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Pardo
- Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, 50(th) Dr. Moliner St, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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2
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Song L, Zhang J, Wang M, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liang Y, He J. Simultaneously Selective Separation of Zearalenone and Four Aflatoxins From Rice Samples Using Co-Pseudo-Template Imprinted Polymers With MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 as Core. J Chromatogr Sci 2024:bmae041. [PMID: 38862395 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
A novel approach for the simultaneous separation of zearalenone (ZEN) and four types of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) from rice samples was presented. This approach utilized modified MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 as core, with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) serving as the shell. The MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 was prepared via ring-opening reaction, while the imprinted polymers were synthesized using warfarin and 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate as co-pseudo template, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linker and azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The resulting co-pseudo-template-MIPs (CPT-MIPs) were thoroughly characterized and evaluated. Adsorption studies demonstrate that the adsorption process of CPT-MIPs follows a chemical monolayer adsorption mechanism, with imprinted factors ranging from 1.24 to 1.52 and selective factors ranging from 1.29 to 1.52. Self-made columns were prepared, and the method for separation was developed and validated. The limit of detections ranged from 0.12 to 2.09 μg/kg, and the limit of qualifications ranged from 1.2 to 6.25 μg/kg. To assess the reliability of the method, ZEN and AFs were spiked at three different levels, and the recoveries ranged from 79.53 to 94.58%, with relative standard deviations of 2.90-5.78%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Song
- Department of Environment Engineering, Henan Vocational College of Water Conservancy and Environment, 136 Huayuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Environment Engineering, Henan Vocational College of Water Conservancy and Environment, 136 Huayuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yutao Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Juan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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3
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González-Jartín JM, de Castro Alves L, Piñeiro Y, Alfonso A, Alvariño R, Gomez MG, Vieytes MR, Rivas J, Botana LM. Magnetic nanostructured agents for the mitigation of mycotoxins and cyanotoxins in the food chain. Food Chem 2024; 456:140004. [PMID: 38870813 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Natural toxins, such as mycotoxins and cyanotoxins, can contaminate food and feed, leading to toxicity in humans and animals. This study focused on using nine magnetic nanostructured agents to remove the main types of toxins. Initially, the efficacy of these materials was evaluated in water solutions, revealing that composites with sizes below 3 mm, containing magnetite, activated carbon, esterified pectin, and sodium alginate, removed up to 90% of mycotoxins and cyanotoxins with an adsorption of 873 ng/g. The application of the nanostructures was then assessed in beer, milk, Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles and water contaminated with cyanobacteria. The presence of matrix slightly decreases the adsorption capacity for some toxins. The maximum toxin removal capacity was calculated with cyanotoxins, composites achieved a removal of up to 0.12 mg/g, while nanocomposites (15 μm) reached 36.6 mg/g. Therefore, these findings point out the potential for using nanotechnology in addressing natural toxins contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M González-Jartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Lisandra de Castro Alves
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Física, Insituto de Materiales iMATUS e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Y Piñeiro
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Física, Insituto de Materiales iMATUS e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Alvariño
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Manuel González Gomez
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Física, Insituto de Materiales iMATUS e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - J Rivas
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Física, Insituto de Materiales iMATUS e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
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4
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Martusevice P, Li X, Hengel M, Wang SC, Fox G. Analysis of mousy off-flavor compound 2-Acetyl-tetrahydropyridine using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry with Electrospray Ionization in sour beer. MethodsX 2024; 12:102643. [PMID: 38510935 PMCID: PMC10950877 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mousy off-flavor describes N-heterocycles compounds related to spoilage in the brewing industry. It has also been identified in sour beers through sensory analysis. Therefore, preventing spoilage N-heterocycles development is essential to preserve end-products and obviate economic losses. To this day, no methods or protocols have been reported to identifying mousy off-flavor compounds in a beer matrix. The main objective of this work was to develop a standardized quantification method for 2-acetyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (ATHP) in beer matrix, by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry with Electrospray Ionization (LC-MS-ESI). Extraction of ATHP in the samples was performed using QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) technique. Over a dozen different potentially mousy cask-aged sour beers including other spontaneously fermented beverages were provided, based on sensory analysis, to determine the variation in ATHP levels. Results indicated ATHP was found in all the samples, ranging from 1.64 ± 0.06 to 57.96 ± 2.15 µg L-1. Herein, we described our detection method of mousy-off flavor compounds which enables future research to mitigate the occurrence of such defects in fermented beverages matrix.•ATHP content in samples varied from 1.64 ± 0.06 to 57.96 ± 2.15 µg L-1.•The recovery range of ATHP using LC-MS-ESI varied from 71% to 97%.•Basified QuEChERS salting-out procedure is applicable for ATHP extraction from beer and other fermented beverages matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Martusevice
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Vytautas Magnus University, Botanical Garden, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Xueqi Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Matt Hengel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Selina C. Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Glen Fox
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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5
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Xu L, Li W, Hong Y, Cai X, Chen X, Liang H, Xu X, Wang Y, Li C, Sun D. Polycarboxyl ionic liquid functionalized Yb-MOFs nanoballs based dual-wavelength responsive photoelectrochemical aptasensor for the simultaneous determination of AFB1 and OTA. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1298:342383. [PMID: 38462344 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Developing an accurate and precise approach for the simultaneous detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is significant for food safety surveillance. Herein, a photoelectrochemical sensing platform was constructed based on polycarboxylic ionic liquid functionalized metal-organic framework integrated with gold nanoparticles (Yb-MOFs@AuNPs). Sulfhydryl functionalized hairpin DNA (hDNA) was immobilized on a Yb-MOFs@AuNPs modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface through Au-S bond. After blocking residual active binding sites with BSA, gold nanoparticles-labeled AFB1 aptamer (AuNPs-Apt 1) and gold nanorods-labeled OTA aptamer (AuNRs-Apt 2) were introduced to construct a photoelectrochemical aptasensor for the simultaneous determination of AFB1 and OTA. Due to the surface plasmon resonance effect and the nanometer size effect of gold nanomaterials, the photoelectrochemical aptasensor can output photocurrent responses as being excited with different wavelengths at 520 nm and 808 nm, respectively. When the AFB1 and OTA concentration in the range of 0.001-50.0 ng mL-1, a good linear relationship between the photocurrent difference (ΔI) before and after recognizing targets and the logarithm of AFB1 or OTA concentration was obtained. The detection limits for AFB1 and OTA were 0.40 pg mL-1 and 0.19 pg mL-1, respectively. AFB1 and OTA in corn samples were detected simultaneously by the photoelectrochemical aptasensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yawen Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Haiping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - XingXing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China.
| | - Dong Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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6
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González-Jartín JM, Aguín O, Rodríguez-Cañás I, Alvariño R, Sainz MJ, Vieytes MR, Rial C, Piñón P, Salinero C, Alfonso A, Botana LM. First description of adenosine production by Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi, causal agent of chestnut brown rot. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:148. [PMID: 38539025 PMCID: PMC10972910 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) is the main causal agent of chestnut brown rot on sweet chestnut worldwide. The rotting of nuts leads to alterations in the organoleptic qualities and decreased fruit production, resulting in significant economic losses. In 2021, there was an important outbreak of chestnut rot in southern Galicia (Spanish northwest). The profile of secondary metabolites from G. smithogilvyi was studied, especially to determine its capability for producing mycotoxins, as happens with other rotting fungi, due to the possible consequences on the safety of chestnut consumption. Secondary metabolites produced by isolates of G. smithogilvyi growing in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium were identified using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Three metabolites with interesting pharmacological and phyto-toxicological properties were identified based on their exact mass and fragmentation patterns, namely adenosine, oxasetin, and phytosphingosine. The capacity of G. smithogilvyi to produce adenosine in PDA cultures was assessed, finding concentrations ranging from 176 to 834 µg/kg. Similarly, the production of mycotoxins was ruled out, indicating that the consumption of chestnuts with necrotic lesions does not pose a health risk to the consumer in terms of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M González-Jartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Olga Aguín
- Estación Fitopatolóxica Areeiro, Deputación de Pontevedra, 36153, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Inés Rodríguez-Cañás
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alvariño
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - María J Sainz
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Proyectos de Ingeniería, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Cristina Rial
- Estación Fitopatolóxica Areeiro, Deputación de Pontevedra, 36153, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Pilar Piñón
- Estación Fitopatolóxica Areeiro, Deputación de Pontevedra, 36153, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carmen Salinero
- Estación Fitopatolóxica Areeiro, Deputación de Pontevedra, 36153, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
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7
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Rodríguez-Cañás I, González-Jartín JM, Alfonso A, Alvariño R, Vieytes MR, Botana LM. Application of a multi-toxin detect method to analyze mycotoxins occurrence in plant-based beverages. Food Chem 2024; 434:137427. [PMID: 37708575 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, plant-based beverages have gained popularity on the market due to environmental and ethical concerns, as well as milk intolerances and allergies. However, raw materials employed in the manufacture of these products are susceptible to mycotoxin contamination. For this reason, a new method based on a QuEChERS extraction procedure followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) detection was developed for the analysis of 29 mycotoxins in oat, rice, soy, and almond beverages. The method was validated in terms of linearity, detection and quantification limits, matrix effect, recoveries, accuracy and precision. Satisfactory performance characteristics were achieved, with recoveries above 70% for most mycotoxins. Several commercial samples were analyzed, aflatoxins were frequently detected in rice and almond beverages, while T-2 and HT-2 toxins were identified in oat-based products. In addition, emerging mycotoxins such as enniatins and beauvericin were detected in the four types of beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Rodríguez-Cañás
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Jesús M González-Jartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Alvariño
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
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8
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Saifi IJ, Kumar M, Maurya K, Mandal P, Srivastava V, Ansari KM. Development of an immunoassay for the detection of mycotoxins using xMAP technology and its evaluation in black tea samples. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 61:385-396. [PMID: 38196712 PMCID: PMC10772045 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins, a natural food contaminant, are secondary metabolites of fungi. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are two major mycotoxins found in various food commodities. These mycotoxins are hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, cytotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic, thus they are a public health concern and their monitoring in food commodities is necessary. There are several conventional techniques available for mycotoxin detection, such as HPLC, LCMS, and ELISA. However, extensive nature and huge cost allowances make it challenging to deploy these techniques for monitoring of mycotoxins in the large sample size. Therefore, a robust, responsive and high-throughput technique is required. Here, we aimed to develop a multiplexed Luminex suspension assay based on multi analyte profiling (xMAP) technology for the simultaneous detection of AFB1 and OTA in the black tea, which is found to be contaminated with these mycotoxins during the cultivation or processing steps. Limit of detection for AFB1 and OTA, was 0.06 ng/ml and 0.49 ng/ml, respectively without any cross-reactivity with other mycotoxins and this assay is suitable for simultaneous detection of AFB1 and OTA in the same sample. Collectively, based on the results, we suggest that the developed Luminex suspension assay is sensitive, accurate, rapid and suitable for high-throughput screening of multiple mycotoxins. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05848-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Jahan Saifi
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug, and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug, and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
| | - Kamlesh Maurya
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug, and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
| | - Payal Mandal
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug, and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
| | - Vikas Srivastava
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
| | - Kausar Mahmood Ansari
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug, and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
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9
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Jing X, Yu S, Zhang G, Tang Y, Yin J, Peng J, Lai W. Sensitive fluorescence ELISA for the detection of zearalenone based on self-assembly DNA nanocomposites and copper nanoclusters. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:983-992. [PMID: 38127274 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN), produced by Fusarium species, is a potential risk to human health. Traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is restricted due to low sensitivity for the detection of ZEN. Herein, enzyme nanocomposites (ALP-SA-Bio-ssDNA, ASBD) were prepared with the self-assembly strategy based on streptavidin-labeled alkaline phosphatase (SA-ALP) and dual-biotinylated ssDNA (B2-ssDNA). The enzyme nanocomposites improved the loading amount of ALP and catalyzed more ascorbic acid 2-phosphate to generate ascorbic acid (AA). Subsequently, Cu2+ could be reduced to copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) having strong fluorescence signal by AA with poly T. Benefiting from the high enzyme load of nanocomposites and the strong signal of CuNCs, the fluorescence ELISA was successfully established for the detection of ZEN. The proposed method exhibited lower limit of detection (0.26 ng mL-1) than traditional ELISA (1.55 ng mL-1). The recovery rates ranged from 92.00% to 108.38% (coefficient of variation < 9.50%) for the detection of zearalenone in corn and wheat samples. In addition, the proposed method exhibited no cross reaction with four other mycotoxins. This proposed method could be used in trace detection for food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Sha Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Ganggang Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, China.
| | - Yanyan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Jiaqi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Weihua Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, 330047, China.
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10
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Boshra MH, El-Housseiny GS, Farag MMS, Aboshanab KM. Innovative approaches for mycotoxin detection in various food categories. AMB Express 2024; 14:7. [PMID: 38216801 PMCID: PMC10786816 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01662-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins (MTs), produced by filamentous fungi, represent a severe hazard to the health of humans and food safety, affecting the quality of various agricultural products. They can contaminate a wide range of foods, during any processing phase before or after harvest. Animals and humans who consume MTs-contaminated food or feed may experience acute or chronic poisoning, which may result in serious pathological consequences. Accordingly, developing rapid, easy, and accurate methods of MTs detection in food becomes highly urgent and critical as a quality control and to guarantee food safety and lower health hazards. In this review, we highlighted and discussed innovative approaches like biosensors, fluorescent polarization, capillary electrophoresis, infrared spectroscopy, and electronic noses for MT identification pointing out current challenges and future directions. The limitations, current challenges, and future directions of conventional detection methods versus innovative methods have also been highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina H Boshra
- Department of Mycotoxins, Central Public Health Laboratories (CPHL), Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghadir S El-Housseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Organization of African Unity St., Ain Shams University, Abbassia, PO: 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M S Farag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
- Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Organization of African Unity St., Ain Shams University, Abbassia, PO: 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
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11
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Xie H, Li Y, Li J, Chen Y, Li J, Kuang L, Shah Bacha SA, Zhang T, Chao Y. Mycotoxin Determination in Peaches and Peach Products with a Modified QuEChERS Extraction Procedure Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:3216. [PMID: 37685149 PMCID: PMC10487233 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Peaches are the most significant temperate fruit crop worldwide. However, peach fruits are susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin contamination. Consequently, monitoring the residual levels of multiple mycotoxins in peaches and related products is essential. In this study, a novel method based on QuEChERS extraction, followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) detection, was developed for analyzing 14 mycotoxins in peaches and peach products from China. Matrix-matched calibrations were employed to accurately quantify the mycotoxins and compensate for matrix effects. Recoveries for the target analytes ranged from 84.6% to 117.6%, with intra-day and inter-day precision below 20%. The limits of quantification were 2 or 5 μg/L for the 14 mycotoxins. This method was utilized to detect the presence of target mycotoxins in 109 fresh peaches, 100 diseased peaches, and 89 peach products from China. Six mycotoxins were identified in the rotten parts of the diseased peaches, with concentrations ranging from 5.2 to 1664.3 µg/kg. In the remaining parts of the diseased peach samples, only two toxins, alternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), were quantified at levels of 15.3 µg/kg and 15.5 µg/kg, respectively. No mycotoxins were detected in fresh peaches. For peach products, all contamination levels were below the quantitative limits and significantly lower than the maximum legal limits established for the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xie
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinping Li
- Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125100, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Jing Li
- Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125100, China
| | - Lixue Kuang
- Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125100, China
| | - Syed Asim Shah Bacha
- Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125100, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuehui Chao
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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12
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Yang F, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zeng Y, Li Y, Zeng P. Culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to reveal the aflatoxin B1-producing fungi in Pixian Doubanjiang, a typical condiment in Chinese cuisine. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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13
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Martiník J, Boško R, Svoboda Z, Běláková S, Benešová K, Pernica M. Determination of mycotoxins and their dietary exposure assessment in pale lager beers using immunoaffinity columns and UPLC-MS/MS. Mycotoxin Res 2023:10.1007/s12550-023-00492-4. [PMID: 37332076 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The use of contaminated raw materials can lead to the transfer of mycotoxins into the final product, including beer. This study describes the use of the commercially available immunoaffinity column 11+Myco MS-PREP® and UPLC-MS/MS for the determination of mycotoxins in pale lager-type beers brewed in Czech Republic and other European countries. The additional aim of the work was to develop, optimize and validate this analytical method. Validation parameters such as linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision and accuracy were tested. The calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.99) for all mycotoxins under investigation. The LOD ranged from 0.1 to 50 ng/L and LOQ from 0.4 to 167 ng/L. Recoveries of the selected analytes ranged from 72.2 to 101.1%, and the relative standard deviation under conditions repeatability (RSDr) did not exceed 16.3% for any mycotoxin. The validated procedure was successfully applied for the analysis of mycotoxins in a total of 89 beers from the retail network. The results were also processed using advanced chemometric techniques and compared with similar published studies. The toxicological impact was taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martiník
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rastislav Boško
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Svoboda
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sylvie Běláková
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karolína Benešová
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Pernica
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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14
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Rodríguez-Cañás I, González-Jartín JM, Alvariño R, Alfonso A, Vieytes MR, Botana LM. Detection of mycotoxins in cheese using an optimized analytical method based on a QuEChERS extraction and UHPLC-MS/MS quantification. Food Chem 2023; 408:135182. [PMID: 36535186 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins can produce toxic effects on humans; hence, it is of high importance to determine their presence in food products. This work presents a reliable method for the quantification of 32 mycotoxins in cheese. The analysis procedure was optimized based on a QuEChERS extraction process and the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) detection. The analysis method was validated for four cheese varieties (emmental, blue, brie and camembert) in terms of linearity, sensitivity, matrix effect, accuracy and precision. Satisfactory precision and accuracy values were achieved, with recoveries above 70% for most mycotoxins. The developed method was applied to the analysis of 38 commercial cheese samples. A high occurrence of beauvericin and enniatins were found, ranging from 31% for enniatin A to 100% for enniatin B. The ochratoxin A was detected in three samples at concentrations that may pose a risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Rodríguez-Cañás
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Jesús M González-Jartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Alvariño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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15
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Bian Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Wei B, Feng X. Recent Insights into Sample Pretreatment Methods for Mycotoxins in Different Food Matrices: A Critical Review on Novel Materials. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15030215. [PMID: 36977106 PMCID: PMC10053610 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins pollution is a global concern, and can pose a serious threat to human health. People and livestock eating contaminated food will encounter acute and chronic poisoning symptoms, such as carcinogenicity, acute hepatitis, and a weakened immune system. In order to prevent or reduce the exposure of human beings and livestock to mycotoxins, it is necessary to screen mycotoxins in different foods efficiently, sensitively, and selectively. Proper sample preparation is very important for the separation, purification, and enrichment of mycotoxins from complex matrices. This review provides a comprehensive summary of mycotoxins pretreatment methods since 2017, including traditionally used methods, solid-phase extraction (SPE)-based methods, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE)-based methods, matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD), QuEChERS, and so on. The novel materials and cutting-edge technologies are systematically and comprehensively summarized. Moreover, we discuss and compare the pros and cons of different pretreatment methods and suggest a prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Binbin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (X.F.); Fax: +86-18900911582 (B.W.); +86-18240005807 (X.F.)
| | - Xuesong Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (X.F.); Fax: +86-18900911582 (B.W.); +86-18240005807 (X.F.)
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16
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Wu W, Huang X, Liang R, Guo T, Xiao Q, Xia B, Wan Y, Zhou Y. Determination of 63 mycotoxins in grain products by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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17
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Simultaneous Rapid Determination of Seven Alternaria Toxins in Tuberous Crops during Storage Using QuEChERS Coupled with Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040862. [PMID: 36832937 PMCID: PMC9957302 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust and sensitive ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) combined with the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was applied for the detection of seven Alternaria toxins (ATs) in tuberous crops. The influence of tuber conditions (fresh, germinated, and moldy) during storage on the concentration of the seven ATs is also investigated. ATs were extracted with acetonitrile under acidic conditions and purified with a C18 adsorbent. ATs were scanned with electrospray ionization (positive/negative ion) dynamic switching and detected in MRM mode. Calibration curve analysis results reveal good linear relationships in all toxin concentration ranges (R2 > 0.99). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.25-0.70 and 0.83-2.31 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries of the seven ATs were 83.2-104% with intra-/inter-day precision at 3.52-6.55% and 4.02-7.26%, respectively. The developed method provided adequate selectivity, sensitivity, and precision in detecting the seven ATs at trace levels, and dispensed with standard addition or matrix-matched calibration to compensate for matrix effects. ATs in the fresh, germinated, and moldy samples of tuberous crops in storage (taro, potato, sweet potato, yam, cassava) were analyzed with this method, and the concentrations were 2.01-14.51 μg/kg and significantly increased with storage duration. ALS was detected in most samples, whereas no quantities of ALT and ATX-I were detected. AME was often detected in combination with AOH in sweet potatoes. TeA and Ten were mostly detected in taro, potato, and yam. The established method could be used for the simultaneous detection and quantification of multicomponent toxins in elaborate matrices.
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18
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González PA, Dans EP, Tranche IDLH, Acosta-Dacal AC, Hernández ÁR, Montes AM, Peña MZ, Luzardo OP. Comparative analysis of mycotoxin, pesticide, and elemental content of Canarian craft and Spanish mainstream beers. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:389-399. [PMID: 36974105 PMCID: PMC10038769 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of craft breweries and the volume of craft beer produced globally is growing exponentially. However, little is known about their differences with mainstream beers regarding mycotoxin profile, pesticide and pollutant residues and elemental composition. Given that beer is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide, it is important to shed light on its toxicological profile. In this study, samples of 23 craft beers and 19 mainstream Spanish beers were collected to perform a comparative analysis including 8 mycotoxins, 225 pesticide residues and 50 POPs, and 50 elements. Mycotoxins were not detected in craft beers, while 100% of mainstream beers presented at least one mycotoxin. In contrast, craft beers contained higher average pesticide residues than their mainstream counterparts, although significant differences were only found in Mepiquat and Metrafenone content. No persistent organic pollutants were detected in any sample. The elemental composition presented differences between the two groups both in the concentration of elements and their hierarchy. In conclusion, the toxicological profile of all beers was safe and is unlikely to constitute a hazard to consumer health. Craft beers present significant differences from their mainstream counterparts in all the dimensions explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Alonso González
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology (IPNA-CSIC), Av. Astrofisico Francisco Sánchez, 3, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Eva Parga Dans
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology (IPNA-CSIC), Av. Astrofisico Francisco Sánchez, 3, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Andrea Carolina Acosta-Dacal
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Ángel Rodríguez Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Ana Macías Montes
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Manuel Zumbado Peña
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain; & Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Octavio Pérez Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain; & Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Madrid 28029, Spain
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19
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Chen X, Zhang J, Xie J, Huang Z. Development of two immunochromatographic test strips based on gold nanospheres and gold nanoflowers for the rapid and simultaneous detection of aflatoxin B1 and aristolochic acid A in dual-use medicinal and food ingredients. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Yang Y, Ren MY, Xu XG, Han Y, Zhao X, Li CH, Zhao ZL. Recent advances in simultaneous detection strategies for multi-mycotoxins in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3932-3960. [PMID: 36330603 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2137775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination has become a challenge in the field of food safety testing, given the increasing emphasis on food safety in recent years. Mycotoxins are widely distributed, in heavily polluted areas. Food contamination with these toxins is difficult to prevent and control. Mycotoxins, as are small-molecule toxic metabolites produced by several species belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium growing in food. They are considered teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic to humans and animals. Food systems are often simultaneously contaminated with multiple mycotoxins. Due to the additive or synergistic toxicological effects caused by the co-existence of multiple mycotoxins, their individual detection requires reliable, accurate, and high-throughput techniques. Currently available, methods for the detection of multiple mycotoxins are mainly based on chromatography, spectroscopy (colorimetry, fluorescence, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering), and electrochemistry. This review provides a comprehensive overview of advances in the multiple detection methods of mycotoxins during the recent 5 years. The principles and features of these techniques are described. The practical applications and challenges associated with assays for multiple detection methods of mycotoxins are summarized. The potential for future development and application is discussed in an effort, to provide standards of references for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Energy Metering and Safety Testing Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Meng-Yu Ren
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Energy Metering and Safety Testing Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yue Han
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Energy Metering and Safety Testing Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Energy Metering and Safety Testing Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Chun-Hua Li
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Energy Metering and Safety Testing Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhi-Lei Zhao
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Energy Metering and Safety Testing Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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21
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Guan K, Huang R, Liu H, Huang Y, Chen A, Zhao X, Wang S, Zhang L. Development of a Reliable ic-ELISA with a Robust Antimatrix Interference Capability Based on QuEChERS Technology for the Rapid Detection of Zearalenone in Edible and Medical Coix Seeds and Subsequent Risk Assessments. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192983. [PMID: 36230059 PMCID: PMC9562022 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) is an ideal immunoassay method for large-scale screenings to detect mycotoxin contaminants. However, the matrix effect of complicated samples has always been challenging when performing immunoassays, as it leads to false-positive or negative results. In this study, convenient QuEChERS technology combined with optimizing the dilution solvent was ingeniously used to eliminate interference from the sample matrix to greatly improve the detection accuracy, and reliable ic-ELISAs for the two official tolerance levels of 60 and 500 μg/kg were developed to screen zearalenone (ZEN) in edible and medical coix seeds without any further correction. Then, the 122 batches of coix seeds were determined, and the positive rate was up to 97.54%. The contaminated distribution was further analyzed, and risk assessment was subsequently performed for its edible and medical purposes. The findings indicated that consumption of coix seeds with higher ZEN contamination levels may cause adverse health effects for both medical and edible consumption in the adult population; even under the condition of average contamination level, ZEN from coix seeds was the more prominent contributor to the total risk compared to other sources when used as food; thus, effective prevention and control should be an essential topic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rentang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ali Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province & Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (L.Z.)
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22
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Synthesis of a magnetic covalent organic framework as sorbents for solid-phase extraction of aflatoxins in food prior to quantification by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 387:132821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Guo X, Qiao Q, Zhang M, Fauconnier ML. Nuclease Triggered "Signal-On" and Amplified Fluorescent Sensing of Fumonisin B 1 Incorporating Graphene Oxide and Specific Aptamer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169024. [PMID: 36012283 PMCID: PMC9408943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable advancements have been achieved in the development of rapid analytic techniques toward fumonisin B1 (FB1) monitoring and even trace levels for food safety in recent years. However, the point-of-care testing for quantitative and accurate FB1 determination is still challenging. Herein, an innovative aptasensor was established to monitor FB1 by utilizing graphene oxide (GO) and nuclease-triggered signal enhancement. GO can be utilized as a fluorescence quenching agent toward a fluorophore-modified aptamer, and even as a protectant of the aptamer from nuclease cleavage for subsequent target cycling and signal amplification detection. This proposed sensing strategy exhibited a good linearity for FB1 determination in the dynamic range from 0.5 to 20 ng mL−1 with a good correlation of R2 = 0.995. Its limit of detection was established at 0.15 ng mL−1 (S/N = 3), which was significantly lower than the legal requirements by three orders of magnitude. The interferent study demonstrated that the introduced aptasensor possessed high selectivity for FB1. Moreover, the aptasensor was successfully applied to the detection of wheat flour samples, and the results were consistent with the classical ELISA method. The rapid response, sensitive and selective analysis, and reliable results of this sensing platform offer a promising opportunity for food mycotoxin control in point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Guo
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Chimie Générale et Organique, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinqin Qiao
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Information Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236041, China
| | - Mengke Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (M.-L.F.); Tel.: +86-21-3420-8533 (M.Z.)
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Chimie Générale et Organique, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (M.-L.F.); Tel.: +86-21-3420-8533 (M.Z.)
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Fate of enniatins in the Ale beer production stages analyzed by a validated method based on matrix-matched calibration and LC-QToF-MS. Food Chem 2022; 384:132484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Medyantseva EP, Beilinson RM, Nikolaenko AI, Budnikov HC. Horseradish Peroxidase: Analytical Capabilities in the Determination of Zearalenone. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822060090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Vilar Nogueira W, Dias Remedi R, Vanessa Marimón-Sibaja K, David Moreira Gonçalves K, Barnes Rodrigues Cerqueira M, Gardea-Buffon J. Tricothecenes and enzyme activities in the mashing step of the brewing process. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Xu W, Song D, Han X, Long F. Rapid, Sensitive On-Site Detection of Deoxynivalenol in Cereals Using Portable and Reusable Evanescent Wave Optofluidic Immunosensor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073759. [PMID: 35409443 PMCID: PMC8997826 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper develops an improved portable and reusable evanescent wave optofluidic immunosensor (OIP-v2) for rapid and sensitive on-site determination of deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most frequently detected mycotoxins mainly produced by Fusarium species. Using the bifunctional reagent N,N′-Disuccinimidyl carbonate, deoxynivalenol-bovine-serum-albumin (DON-BSA) were covalently modified onto a bio-probe surface as biorecognition elements, whose robustness allowed it to perform multiple detections without significant activity loss. An indirect competitive immunoassay strategy was applied for DON detection. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection of 0.11 μg/L and the linear dynamic detection range of 0.43 to 36.61 μg/L was obtained when the concentration of the Cy5.5-anti-DON antibody was 0.25 μg/mL. The OIP-v2 was also applied to detect DON in various cereals, and the recoveries ranged from 81% to 127%. The correlation between OIP-v2 and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) through the simultaneous detection of maize-positive samples was in good agreement (R2 = 0.9891).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100874, China; (Y.L.); (W.X.); (D.S.); (X.H.)
| | - Yuyang Chen
- China National Intellectual Property Administration, Beijing 100088, China;
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100874, China; (Y.L.); (W.X.); (D.S.); (X.H.)
| | - Dan Song
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100874, China; (Y.L.); (W.X.); (D.S.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiangzhi Han
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100874, China; (Y.L.); (W.X.); (D.S.); (X.H.)
| | - Feng Long
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100874, China; (Y.L.); (W.X.); (D.S.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence:
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28
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Occurrence of mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi in silage from the north of Portugal at feed-out. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 365:109556. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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[Determination of bongkrekic acid in tremella and auricularia auricular by improved QuEChERS method combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry]. Se Pu 2021; 39:1368-1373. [PMID: 34812010 PMCID: PMC9404016 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2021.06013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe) method, combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), was used to determine bongkrekic acid (BA) in tremella and auricularia auricular. BA is a fat-soluble, fatal bacterial toxin produced by the aerobic gram-negative bacteria Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans. Tremella and auricularia auricular, which have rich nutritional values, are traditional edible fungi in China that are very popular among Chinese consumers. However, tremella and auricularia auricular are easily contaminated by BA during storage and foaming, and this poses a great threat to food safety and human health. Therefore, establishing a rapid and efficient analysis method for detecting BA in tremella and auricularia auricular is of considerable significance. However, the BA concentration in the actual sample is very low, and the matrices of tremella fuciformis and auricularia auricular are very complex. Thus, it is necessary to employ appropriate sample pretreatment technology to extract and purify BA from tremella and auricularia auricular samples prior to instrumental analysis. In this study, the QuEChERS method, combined with UHPLC-MS/MS, was used to detect BA in tremella and auricularia auricular. The key parameters, such as extraction solvent, extraction method, and adsorbent used for cleanup, were optimized to obtain high extraction efficiency. The content of acetic acid in the extraction solution strongly influenced the extraction efficiency of BA, and acetonitrile with 5%(v/v) acetic acid was determined to be the optimum extraction solvent. After salting out, the acetonitrile extract was purified by dispersive solid phase extraction using 200 mg C18 as a cleanup adsorbent. The sample was then separated on a Waters HSS T3 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm), using a water solution containing 0.01% (v/v) formic acid and 0.05% (v/v) ammonia and methanol as mobile phases. MS analysis was performed using an electrospray ionization source in the negative and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. Under the optimized conditions, the matrix effects of UHPLC-MS/MS in tremella and auricularia auricular were -6.3% and -11.5%, respectively; this indicated that the method had a significant purification effect, and the sample matrix did not affect the MS detection of BA. Further study showed that in the concentration range of 1-200 μg/L, the square of the regression coefficient of the linear equation (R2) was greater than 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.15 μg/kg and 0.5 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries in samples spiked with 0.5, 10, and 50 μg/kg BA in tremella ranged from 92.4% to 102.6%, and the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 4.3%-4.9% and 3.2%-3.5%, respectively. For auricularia auricular, the average recoveries ranged from 89.6% to 102.3%, and the intra-day and inter-day RSDs were 2.4%-9.5% and 3.6%-4.1%, respectively. These results indicate that the proposed method has satisfactory sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. Finally, the method showed good performance when applied to the analysis of real samples. Compared with other reported methods, the LOD and LOQ of our proposed method were lower, with satisfactory recovery and precision. Taken together, this study provides an effective detection technology for the monitoring and risk control of BA in tremella and auricularia auricular.
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Xing J, Zhang Z, Zheng R, Xu X, Mao L, Lu J, Shen J, Dai X, Yang Z. Simultaneous Detection of Seven Alternaria Toxins in Mixed Fruit Puree by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with a Modified QuEChERS. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110808. [PMID: 34822592 PMCID: PMC8619939 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of Alternaria toxins (ATs) in fruit purees may cause potential harm to the life and health of consumers. As time passes, ATs have become the key detection objects in this kind of food. Based on this, a novel and rapid method was established in this paper for the simultaneous detection of seven ATS (tenuazonic acid, alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, altenuene, tentoxin, altenusin, and altertoxin I) in mixed fruit purees using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The sample was prepared using the modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method to complete the extraction and clean-up steps in one procedure. In this QuEChERS method, sample was extracted with water and acetonitrile (1.5% formic acid), then salted out with NaCl, separated on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with gradient elution by using acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid aqueous as eluent, and detected by UPLC-MS/MS under positive (ESI+) and negative (ESI−) electrospray ionization and MRM models. Results showed that the seven ATs exhibited a good linearity in the concentration range of 0.5–200 ng/mL with R2 > 0.9925, and the limits of detection (LODs) of the instrument were in the range of 0.18–0.53 μg/kg. The average recoveries ranged from 79.5% to 106.7%, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) no more than 9.78% at spiked levels of 5, 10, and 20 μg/kg for seven ATs. The established method was applied to the determination and analysis of the seven ATs in 80 mixed fruit puree samples. The results showed that ATs were detected in 31 of the 80 samples, and the content of ATs ranged from 1.32 μg/kg to 54.89 μg/kg. Moreover, the content of TeA was the highest in the detected samples (23.32–54.89 μg/kg), while the detection rate of Ten (24/31 samples) was higher than the other ATs. Furthermore, the other five ATs had similar and lower levels of contamination. The method established in this paper is accurate, rapid, simple, sensitive, repeatable, and stable, and can be used for the practical determination of seven ATs in fruit puree or other similar samples. Moreover, this method could provide theory foundation for the establishment of limit standard of ATs and provide a reference for the development of similar detection standard methods in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Xing
- Ningbo Academy of Product and Food Quality Inspection (Ningbo Fibre Inspection Institute), Ningbo 315048, China; (J.X.); (X.X.); (L.M.); (J.L.); (J.S.)
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Zigeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Ruihang Zheng
- Ningbo Academy of Product and Food Quality Inspection (Ningbo Fibre Inspection Institute), Ningbo 315048, China; (J.X.); (X.X.); (L.M.); (J.L.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-574-89078647 (R.Z.); +86-574-89077478 (X.D.)
| | - Xiaorong Xu
- Ningbo Academy of Product and Food Quality Inspection (Ningbo Fibre Inspection Institute), Ningbo 315048, China; (J.X.); (X.X.); (L.M.); (J.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Lingyan Mao
- Ningbo Academy of Product and Food Quality Inspection (Ningbo Fibre Inspection Institute), Ningbo 315048, China; (J.X.); (X.X.); (L.M.); (J.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jingping Lu
- Ningbo Academy of Product and Food Quality Inspection (Ningbo Fibre Inspection Institute), Ningbo 315048, China; (J.X.); (X.X.); (L.M.); (J.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jian Shen
- Ningbo Academy of Product and Food Quality Inspection (Ningbo Fibre Inspection Institute), Ningbo 315048, China; (J.X.); (X.X.); (L.M.); (J.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Xianjun Dai
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-574-89078647 (R.Z.); +86-574-89077478 (X.D.)
| | - Zhenfeng Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China;
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Hou Y, Jia B, Sheng P, Liao X, Shi L, Fang L, Zhou L, Kong W. Aptasensors for mycotoxins in foods: Recent advances and future trends. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 21:2032-2073. [PMID: 34729895 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination in foods has posed serious threat to public health and raised worldwide concern. The development of simple, rapid, facile, and cost-effective methods for mycotoxin detection is of urgent need. Aptamer-based sensors, abbreviated as aptasensors, with excellent recognition capacity to a wide variety of mycotoxins have attracted ever-increasing interest of researchers because of their simple fabrication, rapid response, high sensitivity, low cost, and easy adaptability for in situ measurement. The past few decades have witnessed the rapid advances of aptasensors for mycotoxin detection in foods. Therefore, this review first summarizes the reported aptamer sequences specific for mycotoxins. Then, the recent 5-year advancements in various newly developed aptasensors, which, according to the signal output mode, are divided into electrochemical, optical and photoelectrochemical categories, for mycotoxin detection are comprehensively discussed. A special attention is taken on their strengths and limitations in real-world application. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives for developing novel highly reliable aptasensors for mycotoxin detection are highlighted, which is expected to provide powerful references for their thorough research and extended applications. Owing to their unique advantages, aptasensors display a fascinating prospect in food field for safety inspection and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Hou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational Technical College, Changji, China
| | - Boyu Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Sheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaofang Liao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linchun Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Optimization of a modified QuEChERS method by an n-octadecylamine-functionalized magnetic carbon nanotube porous nanocomposite for the quantification of pesticides. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Janik E, Niemcewicz M, Podogrocki M, Ceremuga M, Gorniak L, Stela M, Bijak M. The Existing Methods and Novel Approaches in Mycotoxins' Detection. Molecules 2021; 26:3981. [PMID: 34210086 PMCID: PMC8271920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins represent a wide range of secondary, naturally occurring and practically unavoidable fungal metabolites. They contaminate various agricultural commodities like cereals, maize, peanuts, fruits, and feed at any stage in pre- or post-harvest conditions. Consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed can cause acute or chronic toxicity in human and animals. The risk that is posed to public health have prompted the need to develop methods of analysis and detection of mycotoxins in food products. Mycotoxins wide range of structural diversity, high chemical stability, and low concentrations in tested samples require robust, effective, and comprehensible detection methods. This review summarizes current methods, such as chromatographic and immunochemical techniques, as well as novel, alternative approaches like biosensors, electronic noses, or molecularly imprinted polymers that have been successfully applied in detection and identification of various mycotoxins in food commodities. In order to highlight the significance of sampling and sample treatment in the analytical process, these steps have been comprehensively described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Janik
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Marcin Niemcewicz
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Marcin Podogrocki
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Michal Ceremuga
- Military Institute of Armament Technology, Prymasa Stefana Wyszyńskiego 7, 05-220 Zielonka, Poland;
| | - Leslaw Gorniak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Maksymilian Stela
- CBRN Reconnaissance and Decontamination Department, Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry, Antoniego Chrusciela “Montera” 105, 00-910 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michal Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
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Salim SA, Sukor R, Ismail MN, Selamat J. Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) and LC-MS/MS Analysis for Multi-Mycotoxin in Rice Bran: Method Development, Optimization and Validation. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13040280. [PMID: 33920815 PMCID: PMC8071159 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13040280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice bran, a by-product of the rice milling process, has emerged as a functional food and being used in formulation of healthy food and drinks. However, rice bran is often contaminated with numerous mycotoxins. In this study, a method to simultaneous detection of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2), sterigmatocystin (STG), T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and zearalenone (ZEA) in rice bran was developed, optimized and validated using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In DLLME, using a solvent mixture of methanol/water (80:20, v/v) as the dispersive solvent and chloroform as the extraction solvent with the addition of 5% salt improved the extraction recoveries (63–120%). The developed method was further optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box–Behnken Design (BBD). Under the optimized experimental conditions, good linearity was obtained with a correlation coefficient (r2) ≥ 0.990 and a limit of detection (LOD) between 0.5 to 50 ng g−1. The recoveries ranged from 70.2% to 99.4% with an RSD below 1.28%. The proposed method was successfully applied to analyze multi-mycotoxin in 24 rice bran samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiyatul Akmal Salim
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Rashidah Sukor
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.A.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Mohd Nazri Ismail
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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Mirón-Mérida VA, Gong YY, Goycoolea FM. Aptamer-based detection of fumonisin B1: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1160:338395. [PMID: 33894965 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination is a current issue affecting several crops and processed products worldwide. Among the diverse mycotoxin group, fumonisin B1 (FB1) has become a relevant compound because of its adverse effects in the food chain. Conventional analytical methods previously proposed to quantify FB1 comprise LC-MS, HPLC-FLD and ELISA, while novel approaches integrate different sensing platforms and fluorescently labelled agents in combination with antibodies. Nevertheless, such methods could be expensive, time-consuming and require experience. Aptamers (ssDNA) are promising alternatives to overcome some of the drawbacks of conventional analytical methods, their high affinity through specific aptamer-target binding has been exploited in various designs attaining favorable limits of detection (LOD). So far, two aptamers specific to FB1 have been reported, and their modified and shortened sequences have been explored for a successful target quantification. In this critical review spanning the last eight years, we have conducted a systematic comparison based on principal component analysis of the aptamer-based techniques for FB1, compared with chromatographic, immunological and other analytical methods. We have also conducted an in-silico prediction of the folded structure of both aptamers under their reported conditions. The potential of aptasensors for the future development of highly sensitive FB1 testing methods is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Yun Gong
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Francisco M Goycoolea
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
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González-Jartín JM, Rodríguez-Cañás I, Alfonso A, Sainz MJ, Vieytes MR, Gomes A, Ramos I, Botana LM. Multianalyte method for the determination of regulated, emerging and modified mycotoxins in milk: QuEChERS extraction followed by UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. Food Chem 2021; 356:129647. [PMID: 33813202 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the quantification of 40 mycotoxins in milk was developed. This method is based on a QuEChERS extraction followed by the ultra-high liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) detection, and allows the simultaneous analysis of regulated, emerging, and modified mycotoxins. A sample treatment procedure was optimized to include a concentration step for the analysis of some compounds such as aflatoxin M1. The method was in-house validated in terms of limits of detection (LODs), limits of quantification (LOQs), linearity, recoveries, and precision. LOQs lower than 10 ng/mL were obtained, and recoveries ranged from 61% to 120% with a precision, expressed as the relative standard deviation, lower than 15%. Therefore, acceptable performance characteristics were obtained fulfilling European regulations. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of mycotoxins in raw milk. It can be highlighted high occurrence of beauvericin and enniatins were found in low amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M González-Jartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Inés Rodríguez-Cañás
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - María J Sainz
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Proyectos de Ingeniería, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Ana Gomes
- Cooperativa Agrícola de Vila do Conde, R. da Lapa 293, 4480-848 Vila do Conde, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Ramos
- Cooperativa Agrícola de Vila do Conde, R. da Lapa 293, 4480-848 Vila do Conde, Portugal.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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González-Jartín JM, Alfonso A, Sainz MJ, Vieytes MR, Botana LM. Multi-detection method for mycotoxins with a modified QuEChERS extraction in feed and development of a simple detoxification procedure. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Current role of modern chromatography and mass spectrometry in the analysis of mycotoxins in food. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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39
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García-Nicolás M, Arroyo-Manzanares N, Campillo N, Viñas P. Cellulose-ferrite nanocomposite for monitoring enniatins and beauvericins in paprika by liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Talanta 2021; 226:122144. [PMID: 33676695 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Paprika is considered a high-quality product being one of the most consumed spices in the world. Contamination with mycotoxins may appear due to inappropriate practices during processing or resulting from invading mould in the final manufactured products. A sample treatment based on dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction (DMSPE) has been proposed for emerging mycotoxin determination, enniatins (ENNs) and beauvericins (BEAs), in paprika. Different magnetic nanoparticles were tested, and cellulose-ferrite nanocomposite was selected for the extraction and preconcentration of the mycotoxins. Nanocomposite was characterised using field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in terms of morphology and elemental composition. High-resolution mass spectrometry allowed the quantification of the five main emerging mycotoxins and the monitoring of unexpected members of this class of toxic fungal secondary metabolites. The method has been validated, obtaining limits of quantification between 9.5 and 9.9 μg kg-1 and testing its trueness through recovery studies, with satisfactory values of between 89.5 and 97.7%. Relative standard deviations were calculated to evaluate the intra- and inter-day precision and values lower than 8% were obtained in all cases. The analysis of 26 samples, including conventional and organic, demonstrated the presence of ENNB1 at 12.0 ± 0.6 μg kg-1 in one of the samples studied. Other analogues ENNs and BEAs were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Nicolás
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Natalia Campillo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Viñas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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40
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Lago LO, Nievierowski TH, Mallmann LP, Rodrigues E, Welke JE. QuEChERS-LC-QTOFMS for the simultaneous determination of legislated and emerging mycotoxins in malted barley and beer using matrix-matched calibration as a solution to the commercial unavailability of internal standards for some mycotoxins. Food Chem 2020; 345:128744. [PMID: 33333360 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The combination of QuEChERS-LC-QTOFMS and matrix-matched calibration (MMC) to simultaneously determinate legislated and emerging mycotoxins in malt and beer was evaluated for the first time. The method performance was satisfactory displaying suitable linearity (R2 >0.99) and recovery (71-102%). The lowest values (in μg kg-1) of LOD (0.01) and LOQ (0.05) were found for enniatins, while the highest LOD (15) and LOQ (50) were reported for fumonisin B1. Precision and sensitivity (RSD <10%) were in accordance with the different guidelines of method validation. MMC was important to avoid inaccurate quantification of all mycotoxins due to signal enhancement or suppression. Another advantage was the enhanced throughput, requiring 1.2 min of analysis per analyte. The detection of legislated (aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, zearalanone, T-2 and HT-2 toxin) and emerging mycotoxins (enniatins, beauvericin, moniliformin and sterigmatocystin) allowed verifying compliance with legislation and generating data to support the establishment of limits for emerging mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Oliveira Lago
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501970, Brazil
| | - Tássia Henrique Nievierowski
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501970, Brazil
| | - Luana Peixoto Mallmann
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501970, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501970, Brazil
| | - Juliane Elisa Welke
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501970, Brazil.
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41
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Xing KY, Shan S, Liu DF, Lai WH. Recent advances of lateral flow immunoassay for mycotoxins detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
The hyphenation of Ultra-Performance Liquid performance (UPLC) with mass spectrometry
(MS) has emerged as a powerful tool in analytical research due to its advanced sensitivity,
resolution and speed. Its advanced instrumentation, specialized columns, separation at ultra-high
pressure and sophisticated software are the distinguishing features as compared to the traditional
separating techniques. It has a wide range of applications in various fields such as analysis of food
stuffs, drug metabolites, beverages, toxicology, soil samples and micronutrient analysis. In the present
compilation, authors have highlighted the applicability of UPLC-MS in the analysis of food stuffs and
drug metabolites along with the various optimized analytical conditions and obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Semwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga 142001, India
| | - Raghav Dogra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga 142001, India
| | - Kritika Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga 142001, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga 142001, India
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43
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Rodriguez RS, O'Keefe TL, Froehlich C, Lewis RE, Sheldon TR, Haynes CL. Sensing Food Contaminants: Advances in Analytical Methods and Techniques. Anal Chem 2020; 93:23-40. [PMID: 33147958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca S Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Tana L O'Keefe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Clarice Froehlich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Riley E Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Trever R Sheldon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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44
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Barbosa AC, da Silva FA, da Silva LP, Azevedo Vargas E, Veloso Terra JC, Alves Dos Santos E, Augusti R. Development and validation of an analytical method for the extraction, identification, and quantification of multi-mycotoxins in beer using a modified QuEChERS procedure and UHPLC-MS/MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:2135-2148. [PMID: 33136536 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1812735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although beer is one of the most popular alcoholic beverages in the world, there is no specific legislation regarding contaminants, especially mycotoxins, for this product. The present manuscript reports the development and validation of an analytical methodology based on the QuEChERS approach, followed by quantification via UHPLC-MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of seventeen mycotoxins in beer. During the validation, amatrix effect was observed for 82% of the analytes. Linearity and recovery were evaluated using spiked blank samples, and the chosen methodology proved to be efficient for all analytes, with recoveries ranging from 71 to 118%, excepting ergonovine, for which recovery of 57% was achieved. Precision was estimated in terms of repeatability and reproducibility, with variations from 2.6 to 28.2% and 9.7 to 28.7%, respectively. The detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) limits, determined from the values of CCα and CCβ, ranged from 0.26 to 117 µgkg-1 and from 0.30 to 135 µgkg-1, respectively. Measurement uncertainties were based on the bottom-up methodology, with uncertainties ranging from 0.03 to 17 µgkg-1. Finally, thirty-eight beer samples, collected at the local market, were analysed, and 16 of them showed contamination by deoxynivalenol in concentrations ranging from 159 ± 26 µgkg-1 to 648 ± 106 µgkg-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Barbosa
- Departamento De Química, Centro Federal De Educação Tecnológica De Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Pinto da Silva
- Departamento De Química, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rodinei Augusti
- Departamento De Química, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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45
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Rausch AK, Brockmeyer R, Schwerdtle T. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry multi-method for the determination of 41 free and modified mycotoxins in beer. Food Chem 2020; 338:127801. [PMID: 32798820 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A fast high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry multi-method based on an ACN-precipitation extraction was developed for the analysis of 41 (modified) mycotoxins in beer. Validation according to the performance criteria defined by the European Commission (EC) in Commission Decision no. 657/2002 revealed good linearity (R2 > 0.99), repeatability (RSDr < 15%), reproducibility (RSDR < 15%), and recovery (79-100%). Limits of quantification ranging from 0.04 to 75 µg/L were obtained. Matrix effects varied from -67 to +319% and were compensated for using standard addition. In total, 87 beer samples, produced worldwide, were analyzed for the presence of mycotoxins with a focus on modified mycotoxins, whereof 76% of the samples were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin. The most prevalent mycotoxins were deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (63%), HT-2 toxin (15%), and tenuazonic acid (13%). Exposure estimates of deoxynivalenol and its metabolites for German beer revealed no significant contribution to intake of deoxynivalenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kristin Rausch
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; Eurofins SOFIA GmbH, Rudower Chaussee 29, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
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46
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Kaczyński P, Łozowicka B. A novel approach for fast and simple determination pyrrolizidine alkaloids in herbs by ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction method coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 187:113351. [PMID: 32388321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are secondary plant metabolites witch can contaminate food, especially herbs. Due to the fact that alkaloids have a strong adverse effect on human health, it is necessary to use sensitive and selective detection methods. In present study a modified method based on LC-MS/MS was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of thirty pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their corresponding N-oxides (PANOs) in herbs samples. Sample extraction was based on ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction and clean-up using graphene. Method validation showed that the proposed method hold good recoveries (61-128 %) for PAs/PANOs with RSD <15 %. Limits of quantification has been set at 1 μg kg-1 level for all targeted alkaloids. The optimized method yielded a small matrix effect (-20-20 %) for most PAs/PANOs. The uncertainty associated with the analytical method was not higher than 38 %. The method is operationally simple, time-saving, and can be applied to the analysis of real herb samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kaczyński
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland
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47
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Xing L, Zou L, Luo R, Wang Y. Determination of five Alternaria toxins in wolfberry using modified QuEChERS and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 311:125975. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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48
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Niu Y, Gao W, Li H, Zhang J, Lian Y. Rapid Determination of 17 Phthalate Esters in Capsanthin by QuEChERS Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:485-490. [PMID: 31904006 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A method for the simultaneous determination of 17 kinds of phthalate esters in capsanthin was developed by the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, ruggedand safe) pretreatment method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Capsanthin samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and then sodium chloride and anhydrous magnesium sulfate were added for salting out. After the extracting liquids were cleansed by florisil, the supernatants were analyzed by GC-MS. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 μg/g and 0.6 to 1.5 μg/g, respectively. DMP, DEP, DAP, DIBP, DBP, BMPP, DPP, DHXP and DCHP were in the range of 0.2 - 10 μg/g; DMEP, DEEP, BBP, DBEP, DEHP, DPhP, DNOP and DNP were in the range of 0.5 - 20 μg/g. And all had good linearity and the linear correlation coefficients (R2) were more than 0.995. The average recoveries of 17 kinds of PAEs of the three levels were between 82.8 and 118.1%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were between 0.12 and 7.3%. It is a simple, rapid, accurate and reliable method for the rapid detection of PAEs in large quantities of natural plant extract samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Niu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology
| | - Wenhui Gao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology
| | - Hui Li
- Hebei Insitute of Medical Equipment and Drugs Packaging Material Inspection
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49
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50
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A simple, fast and easy methodology for the monitoring of plastic migrants in alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages using the QuEChERS method prior to gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1551-1561. [PMID: 31953715 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the development of a simple, fast and reliable method for the evaluation of a group of twelve plastic migrants in alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages widely consumed by the population has been carried out. For that, a modified QuEChERS method for the extraction and preconcentration of the target compounds has been used prior to their separation and quantification by gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The whole methodology was validated for beer, cider and grape juice matrices, using dibutyl phthalate-3,4,5,6-d4 as surrogate. Recovery ranged from 75 to 120% for all matrices with relative standard deviation values lower than 20%, and the limits of quantification of the method were achieved in the range 0.034-1.415 μg/L. Finally, the analysis of different beer, cider and grape juice samples commercialised in different supermarkets of Tenerife was carried out, finding the presence of four of the evaluated phthalates in the range 0.14-1.1 μg/L in some of the evaluated beers, six of them in several cider samples, in the range 0.3-2.1 μg/L, and one in the range 1.2-1.5 μg/L in three of the analysed grape juices.
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