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Zhang C, Sha Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Zhang P, Cheng S, Qin P. Integrative metabolome and transcriptome profiling provide insights into elucidation of the synthetic mechanisms of phenolic compounds in Yunnan hulled wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanense King). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4109-4127. [PMID: 38308467 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yunnan hulled wheat grains (YHWs) have abundant phenolic compounds (PCs). However, a systematic elucidation of the phenolic characteristics and molecular basis in YHWs is currently lacking. The aim of the study, for the first time, was to conduct metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of YHWs at different developmental stages. RESULTS A total of five phenolic metabolite classes (phenolic acids, flavonoids, quinones, lignans and coumarins, and tannins) and 361 PCs were identified, with flavonoids and phenolic acids being the most abundant components. The relative abundance of the identified PCs showed a dynamic decreasing pattern with grain development, and the most significant differences in accumulation were between the enlargement and mature stage, which is consistent with the gene regulation patterns of the corresponding phenolic biosynthesis pathway. Through co-expression and co-network analysis, PAL, HCT, CCR, F3H, CHS, CHI and bZIP were identified and predicted as candidate key enzymes and transcription factors. CONCLUSION The results broaden our understanding of PC accumulation in wheat whole grains, especially the differential transfer between immature and mature grains. The identified PCs and potential regulatory factors provide important information for future in-depth research on the biosynthesis of PCs and the improvement of wheat nutritional quality. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Sha
- Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Lincang, Lincang, China
| | - Qianchao Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Junna Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shunhe Cheng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Jiangshu Lixiahe Institue of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Peng Qin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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2
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Chang CY, Yang SX, Zhang MQ, Guo YT, Li XM, Yan Y, Ding CH, Niu KX, Wang ML, Li QQ, Zhang J, Zhang X, Chen S, Xie C, Ni Z, Sun Q, Gou JY. Suppression of ZEAXANTHIN EPOXIDASE 1 restricts stripe rust growth in wheat. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100608. [PMID: 37101397 PMCID: PMC10504589 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Reducing losses caused by pathogens is an effective strategy for stabilizing crop yields. Daunting challenges remain in cloning and characterizing genes that inhibit stripe rust, a devastating disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). We found that suppression of wheat zeaxanthin epoxidase 1 (ZEP1) increased wheat defense against Pst. We isolated the yellow rust slower 1 (yrs1) mutant of tetraploid wheat in which a premature stop mutation in ZEP1-B underpins the phenotype. Genetic analyses revealed increased H2O2 accumulation in zep1 mutants and demonstrated a correlation between ZEP1 dysfunction and slower Pst growth in wheat. Moreover, wheat kinase START 1.1 (WKS1.1, Yr36) bound, phosphorylated, and suppressed the biochemical activity of ZEP1. A rare natural allele in the hexaploid wheat ZEP1-B promoter reduced its transcription and Pst growth. Our study thus identified a novel suppressor of Pst, characterized its mechanism of action, and revealed beneficial variants for wheat disease control. This work opens the door to stacking wheat ZEP1 variants with other known Pst resistance genes in future breeding programs to enhance wheat tolerance to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shu-Xian Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mei-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yue-Ting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ci-Hang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ke-Xin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Meng-Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qin-Quan Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shisheng Chen
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
| | - Chaojie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jin-Ying Gou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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3
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Gong YL, Gou JY. Screening of wheat grains enriched with wall-bound phenolic compounds. MethodsX 2023; 10:102245. [PMID: 37424762 PMCID: PMC10326478 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are dominant antioxidant factors in whole grains and are essential quality traits in future breeding programs. We proposed a robust set of methods for extraction, screening, and quantitative analysis of soluble and wall-bound (WB) phenolic compounds from fine powder and fine powder products using a 96 Wells UV Flat Bottom and subsequent UHPLC-DAD validation of candidate samples. The plate-UHPLC strategy significantly simplifies the screening of phenolic-enriched grains, reduces the screening cost, saves harmful organic chemicals, and contributes to developing novel health-promoting varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Gong
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jin-Ying Gou
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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4
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Niu KX, Chang CY, Zhang MQ, Guo YT, Yan Y, Sun HJ, Zhang GL, Li XM, Gong YL, Ding CH, Wang ML, Ni Z, Sun Q, Gou JY. Suppressing ASPARTIC PROTEASE 1 prolongs photosynthesis and increases wheat grain weight. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:965-977. [PMID: 37277438 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The elongation of photosynthesis, or functional staygreen, represents a feasible strategy to propel metabolite flux towards cereal kernels. However, achieving this goal remains a challenge in food crops. Here we report the cloning of wheat CO2 assimilation and kernel enhanced 2 (cake2), the mechanism underlying the photosynthesis advantages and natural alleles amenable to breeding elite varieties. A premature stop mutation in the A-genome copy of the ASPARTIC PROTEASE 1 (APP-A1) gene increased the photosynthesis rate and yield. APP1 bound and degraded PsbO, the protective extrinsic member of photosystem II critical for increasing photosynthesis and yield. Furthermore, a natural polymorphism of the APP-A1 gene in common wheat reduced APP-A1's activity and promoted photosynthesis and grain size and weight. This work demonstrates that the modification of APP1 increases photosynthesis, grain size and yield potentials. The genetic resources could propel photosynthesis and high-yield potentials in elite varieties of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xin Niu
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Yan Chang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Qi Zhang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Ting Guo
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Jie Sun
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Lin Gong
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ci-Hang Ding
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Ying Gou
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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5
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Feng J, Xu B, Ma D, Hao Z, Jia Y, Wang C, Wang L. Metabolite identification in fresh wheat grains of different colors and the influence of heat processing on metabolites via targeted and non-targeted metabolomics. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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6
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Zhang GL, Zhou PC, Gong YL, Li XM, Yan Y, Rasheed A, Ibba MI, Gou JY. Boosting the antioxidant potential of pasta by a premature stop mutation in wheat keto-acythiolase-2. Food Chem 2022; 385:132634. [PMID: 35278737 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenolics are a class of chemical compounds possessing antioxidant activity, which are mainly located in the wheat (Triticum aestivum) bran. Different approaches have been used in food industry to increase the availability of phenolics. Compared to these methods, however, genetic improvement of the wheat antioxidant potential, is a cost-effective, easier and safer approach. Here, we showed a single premature stop mutation in the keto-acythiolase-2 (kat-2b) gene, which significantly improved the antioxidant potential of pasta by a 60 ± 16% increase in its antioxidant potential by increasing the accumulation of ferulic acid. These changes are likely determined by the increased transcription (46% higher) and activity (120% higher) of the phenylalanine lyase genes observed in the mutated line compared to the control. Even if more studies will need to be done, overall, this study suggested that the kat-2b mutant could represent an excellent genetic resource to improve wheat's antioxidant and health-promoting potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yi-Lin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Awais Rasheed
- Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), c/o CAAS 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Maria Itria Ibba
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Carretera México-Veracruz Km. 45, El Batán, Texcoco C.P. 56237, Mexico
| | - Jin-Ying Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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7
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Liu S, Wang C, Gou J, Dong Y, Tian W, Fu L, Xiao Y, Luo X, He Z, Xia X, Cao S. Genome-wide association study of ferulic acid content using 90K and 660K SNP chips in wheat. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Ma D, Xu B, Feng J, Hu H, Tang J, Yin G, Xie Y, Wang C. Dynamic Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analyses for Characterization of Phenolic Compounds and Their Biosynthetic Characteristics in Wheat Grain. Front Nutr 2022; 9:844337. [PMID: 35252312 PMCID: PMC8888538 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.844337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are important bioactive phytochemicals with potential health benefits. In this study, integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis was used to analyze the metabolites and differentially expressed genes in grains of two wheat cultivars (HPm512 with high antioxidant activity, and ZM22 with low antioxidant activity) during grain development. A total of 188 differentially expressed phenolic components, including 82 phenolic acids, 81 flavonoids, 10 lignans, and 15 other phenolics, were identified in the developing wheat grains, of which apigenin glycosides were identified as the primary flavonoid component. The relative abundance of identified phenolics showed a decreasing trend with grain development. Additionally, 51 differentially expressed phenolic components were identified between HPm512 and ZM22, of which 41 components, including 23 flavonoids, were up-regulated in HPm512. In developing grain, most of the identified differentially expressed genes involved in phenolic accumulation followed a similar trend. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis revealed that certain genes encoding structural proteins, glycosyltransferase, and transcription factors were closely related to metabolite accumulation. The relatively higher accumulation of phenolics in HPm512 could be due to up-regulated structural and regulatory genes. A sketch map was drawn to depict the synthetic pathway of identified phenolics and their corresponding genes. This study enhanced the current understanding of the accumulation of phenolics in wheat grains. Besides, active components and their related genes were also identified, providing crucial information for the improvement of wheat's nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dongyun Ma
| | - Beiming Xu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Feng
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haizhou Hu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Tang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guihong Yin
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Xie
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Chenyang Wang
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9
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Balli D, Cecchi L, Pieraccini G, Innocenti M, Benedettelli S, Mulinacci N. What’s new on total phenols and γ-oryzanol derivatives in wheat? A comparison between modern and ancient varieties. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Ma D, Wang C, Feng J, Xu B. Wheat grain phenolics: a review on composition, bioactivity, and influencing factors. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:6167-6185. [PMID: 34312865 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely cultivated crop and one of the most commonly consumed food grains in the world. It possesses several nutritional elements. Increasing attention to wheat grain phenolics bioactivity is due to the increasing demand for foods with natural antioxidants. To provide a comprehensive understanding of phenolics in wheat grain, this review first summarizes the phenolics' form and distribution and the phenolic components identified in wheat grain. In particular, the biosynthesis path for phenolics is discussed, identifying some candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonoids. After discussing the methods for determining antioxidant activity, the effect of genotypes, environmental conditions, and cultivation systems on grain phenolic component content are explored. Finally, the bioavailability of phenolics under different food processing method are reported and discussed. Future research is recommended to increase wheat grain phenolic content by genetic engineering, and to improve its bioavailability through proper food processing. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Feng
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beiming Xu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Tao Y, Jia C, Jing J, Zhang J, Yu P, He M, Wu J, Chen L, Zhao E. Occurrence and dietary risk assessment of 37 pesticides in wheat fields in the suburbs of Beijing, China. Food Chem 2021; 350:129245. [PMID: 33601091 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of multiple pesticides in wheat fields adversely affects human health and the environment. Herein, 206 pairs of wheat and soil samples were collected from wheat fields in Beijing, China from 2018 to 2020. One or multiple pesticide residues were detected, and carbendazim (maximum: 38511.5 μg/kg) and tebuconazole (maximum: 45.4 μg/kg) had heavy occurrence in the wheat samples. Carbendazim, triazoles, and neonicotinoids were frequently detected in the soil samples. HCHs and DDTs were detected, with p,p'-DDE in 100.0% of the soil samples at a maximum concentration of 546.0 μg/kg in 2020. Concentrations of carbendazim, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, and cyhalothrin in the paired soil and wheat samples exhibited significant positive correlations. Pesticides that exceeded the maximum residue limits do not pose non-carcinogenic risks, with one exception. The results provide important references towards risk monitoring and control in wheat fields, as well as facilitating the scientific and reasonable use of these pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Chunhong Jia
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Junjie Jing
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Pingzhong Yu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Min He
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China
| | - Ercheng Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, PR China.
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12
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Zhu F. Fonio grains: Physicochemical properties, nutritional potential, and food applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3365-3389. [PMID: 33337050 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fonio grains are a type of small-seeded cereals native to Western Africa and are important cereal crops for food security. The two species are white fonio (Digitaria exilis) (commonly called acha) and black fonio (Digitaria iburua) (commonly called iburu). As a novel food, fonio has attracted attention from other parts of the world due to their attractive nutritional properties (e.g., in whole grain form and being gluten free) and potential food applications. The information regarding the functional properties and applications of fonio is rather scattered. This review summarizes the chemical composition, physicochemical and nutritional properties, and diverse food applications of fonio. The nutritional composition and processing properties of fonio are similar to other cereals. Fonio has potential to be complementary to major cereals for diverse food uses. There are research opportunities to better explore fonio grains for value-added applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Tu M, Li Y. Toward the Genetic Basis and Multiple QTLs of Kernel Hardness in Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1631. [PMID: 33255282 PMCID: PMC7760206 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Kernel hardness is one of the most important single traits of wheat seed. It classifies wheat cultivars, determines milling quality and affects many end-use qualities. Starch granule surfaces, polar lipids, storage protein matrices and Puroindolines potentially form a four-way interaction that controls wheat kernel hardness. As a genetic factor, Puroindoline polymorphism explains over 60% of the variation in kernel hardness. However, genetic factors other than Puroindolines remain to be exploited. Over the past two decades, efforts using population genetics have been increasing, and numerous kernel hardness-associated quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified on almost every chromosome in wheat. Here, we summarize the state of the art for mapping kernel hardness. We emphasize that these steps in progress have benefitted from (1) the standardized methods for measuring kernel hardness, (2) the use of the appropriate germplasm and mapping population, and (3) the improvements in genotyping methods. Recently, abundant genomic resources have become available in wheat and related Triticeae species, including the high-quality reference genomes and advanced genotyping technologies. Finally, we provide perspectives on future research directions that will enhance our understanding of kernel hardness through the identification of multiple QTLs and will address challenges involved in fine-tuning kernel hardness and, consequently, food properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yin Li
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 190 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
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Yang SX, Wu TT, Ding CH, Zhou PC, Chen ZZ, Gou JY. SAHH and SAMS form a methyl donor complex with CCoAOMT7 for methylation of phenolic compounds. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:122-127. [PMID: 31582217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A wealth of studies illustrate the powerful antioxidant activities and health-promoting functions of dietary phenolic compounds, e.g., anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Ferulate is methylated from caffeoyl CoA using S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as methyl donor catalyzed by caffeoyl CoA methyltransferase (CCoAOMT). Here we show that Arabidopsis CCoAOMT7 contributes to ferulate content in the stem cell wall. CCoAOMT7 was further shown to bind S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), a critical step in SAM synthesis to release feedback suppression on CCoAOMT. CCoAOMT7 also bound S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthases (SAMSs) in vivo, which were mediated by SAHH1. Interruptions of endogenous SAHH1 by artificial miRNA or SAMSs by T-DNA insertion significantly reduced ferulate contents in the stem cell wall. This data reveals a novel protein complex of SAM synthesis cycle associated with O-methyltransferase and provides new insights into cellular methylation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Tian-Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ci-Hang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhong-Zhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jin-Ying Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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